Hybrid harvester drive system and method of operating mode switching control

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of hybrid harvester drive system and operation mode switching control method, it is related to agricultural new energy machinery technical field, the engine output end of this system is connected with transfer case, the first output end of transfer case is connected with gearbox and drive axle via ISG motor and clutch C1, and second output end is connected with operation mechanism via output PTO and clutch C2;ISG motor is connected with power battery via ISG motor controller.Electric motor and operation motor in motor assembly are connected with power battery via corresponding motor controller respectively, and electric motor drives drive axle, and operation motor independently drives operation mechanism.The application can realize pure mechanical, pure electricity, series charging and discharging and other various driving modes by the cooperation of engine and motor assembly, combined with the on-off control of clutch C1 and C2, meet the power demand under different operation scenarios, improve energy utilization efficiency, reduce energy consumption and emission, simplify transmission structure at the same time, improve system reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural new energy machinery technology, and more specifically to a hybrid power harvester drive system and a method for switching operating modes. Background Technology

[0002] As a key piece of equipment in modern agricultural production, the power performance of harvesters directly affects their operating efficiency, fuel economy, and environmental adaptability. Traditional harvesters mostly use a single internal combustion engine as their power source, which has many drawbacks: on the one hand, the engine needs to adapt to the power requirements of different operating conditions such as harvesting, threshing, and conveying, and often operates under partial load conditions, resulting in low fuel efficiency and high exhaust emissions; on the other hand, when facing complex field terrain (such as slopes and muddy sections), the power output adjustment response of a single power source is slow, which can easily lead to insufficient power or wasted power.

[0003] Furthermore, among the existing technical solutions: First, there are purely mechanical harvesters that use a fixed transmission ratio of one to eight, meaning that each working unit cannot operate at its optimal state; second, there are harvesters with parallel hybrid walking and mechanical transmission operations, where only the walking system uses a hybrid architecture, while the header, threshing drum, and other working mechanisms still rely on the engine's PTO shaft and complex mechanical transmission chains for drive; third, there are harvesters with electric drive for a single working mechanism and mechanical transmission for the rest, where only the header or threshing drum is independently electrically driven, while the rest of the mechanisms retain mechanical transmission, and most of them are weak hybrid architectures; fourth, there are purely electric harvesters that use a large-capacity power battery as the sole power source, with all walking and working mechanisms using electric drive, but relying on charging piles or battery swapping stations for energy replenishment.

[0004] These solutions have obvious drawbacks: mechanical transmission chains result in high transmission losses and high maintenance costs, and the operating mechanism speed is strongly tied to the engine, making it impossible to adjust independently and precisely, leading to unstable operation quality; partial electric drive or mild hybrid can only slightly optimize efficiency and emissions, and cannot fundamentally solve the problems of energy consumption and adaptability; pure electric architecture is limited by battery range and power density, and cannot meet the needs of long-term range and heavy-load scenarios for cross-regional operations, and refueling depends on infrastructure, making it difficult to promote.

[0005] Therefore, this invention aims to provide a high-efficiency control mode suitable for hybrid combine harvesters under all working conditions. Through intelligent coordination of the engine, ISG motor, power battery and various working motors, it achieves seamless switching between pure electric drive and hybrid drive modes. It uses efficiency as the core for closed-loop regulation to stabilize the overall machine's operating efficiency and optimizes strategies for different working conditions, thereby improving the overall energy utilization rate, stabilizing comprehensive efficiency, reducing efficiency breakpoints during mode switching, and ultimately solving the problems of large efficiency fluctuations and unreasonable power distribution in existing hybrid combine harvesters under multiple working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, this invention is proposed to provide a hybrid harvester drive system and operating mode switching control method that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems. Through the intelligent coordination of the engine, ISG motor, power battery and various working motors, seamless switching between pure electric drive, hybrid drive and other modes is achieved. Closed-loop regulation is performed with efficiency as the core to stabilize the overall machine operating efficiency. Optimization strategies are implemented for different working conditions to improve the overall energy utilization rate, stabilize comprehensive efficiency, and reduce efficiency breakpoints during mode switching. Ultimately, this solves the problems of large efficiency fluctuations and unreasonable power distribution in existing hybrid harvesters under multiple working conditions.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a hybrid power harvester drive system, comprising: an engine, an ISG motor, a power battery, a vehicle controller, a transfer case, and motor assemblies for driving the walking and working mechanisms respectively; The output end of the engine is connected to the input end of the transfer case; the transfer case includes a first output end for transmitting walking power and a second output end for transmitting working power. The first output end is connected to the ISG motor. The ISG motor is connected to the input end of the gearbox through clutch C1. The output end of the gearbox is connected to the drive axle. The ISG motor is connected to the power battery. The second output end is connected to the working mechanism through output PTO and clutch C2 located thereon. The motor assembly includes a drive motor and a working motor. The drive motor is connected to the power battery through a motor controller and drives the drive axle. The working motor is connected to the power battery through a corresponding motor controller and independently drives the working mechanism. The vehicle controller communicates with the power battery and motor controller via a CAN bus to coordinate and control the operating status of each power source and the engagement and disengagement of the clutch based on data collected under operating conditions.

[0009] Preferably, the drive motor is a dual-motor structure, respectively arranged on the left and right drive axles, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to the wheel-side reducer through a brake.

[0010] Preferably, the operating motor includes a header drive motor, a threshing drum motor, and a fan motor; The output end of the header drive motor is connected to the header drive shaft, the output end of the threshing drum motor is connected to the threshing drum drive shaft, and the output end of the fan motor is connected to the cleaning drive shaft.

[0011] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for switching drive modes of a hybrid harvester, applied to the drive system, comprising the following steps: S1. The system is powered on, and the vehicle controller collects operating parameters, walking parameters, environmental parameters and power source parameters in real time; S2. Based on the collected parameters, determine the current operating condition type and execute the corresponding drive mode: If the vehicle is in a field turning, empty driving or low-load harvesting scenario, and the motor efficiency is ≥60% and the power battery SOC is ≥20%, then pure electric mode is executed: the vehicle controller disengages clutches C1 and C2, and the power battery drives the drive motor and / or the working motor. If the vehicle is in a normal harvesting or medium-load scenario on a flat road, and the engine load is in the 70%-90% high-efficiency range with sufficient fuel, then the pure mechanical mode is executed: the vehicle controller engages with clutch C1 and / or clutch C2, the engine directly drives the walking and working parts, and the ISG motor fine-tunes the load. If the vehicle is in a full-load harvesting or heavy-load scenario on muddy roads, and the efficiency of a single power source is less than 60% or the load is ≥80%, then the parallel hybrid mode is executed: the vehicle controller engages with clutch C1, the engine provides basic power, and the drive motor supplements the peak torque. If the scenario is characterized by sufficient fuel and the engine's power generation efficiency being superior to the electric motor's direct drive efficiency, requiring continuous refueling, then the series hybrid mode is executed: the engine drives the ISG motor to generate electricity, which is prioritized for the drive motor and the work motor, and the remaining electricity is used to charge the power battery; when the power battery is fully charged or the power generation efficiency decreases, the system switches back to pure electric mode. If the machine is braking, going downhill, or stopped during operation, and the recovery efficiency is ≥50% and the power battery SOC is <80%, then the energy recovery mode is executed: the inertial drive motor generates electricity to charge the power battery. S3. The vehicle controller continuously monitors the efficiency parameters in each mode. If the parameters are below the threshold, it triggers mode switching to form a closed-loop control.

[0012] Preferably, the operating parameters include the header feed rate, the threshing drum speed, and the cleaning system air volume; The driving parameters include driving speed, road condition type, and steering requirements; The power parameters include the engine's real-time efficiency range, the motor's efficiency range, and the power battery's state of charge (SOC). The environmental parameters include continuous operating time, ambient temperature, and remaining fuel.

[0013] In the purely mechanical mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller controls the engagement of clutch C1 and clutch C2; The engine, as the sole power source, transmits its mechanical energy in two paths: The first path of mechanical energy passes sequentially through the transfer case, the engaged clutch C1, the gearbox, and the drive axle to drive the wheels. The second mechanical energy is output from the output PTO of the transfer case, and passes through the clutch C2 in the engaged state to drive at least one of the working components of the cutter, threshing drum and cleaning fan. During this process, the ISG motor and the drive motor do not output drive torque.

[0014] Preferably, in the pure electric mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller controls the clutch C1 to disengage and the clutch C2 to disengage, thereby cutting off the power connection of the engine, and the engine is in a stopped or idling state. The power battery serves as the sole power source, and its output electrical energy is divided into two paths: The first source of electrical energy is transmitted to the drive motor via the motor controller, and then drives the wheels to move via the drive axle; The second power source is transmitted to the working motor via the motor controller, which independently drives at least one of the working components, including the cutter, threshing drum, and cleaning fan.

[0015] Preferably, in the series charging mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller controls the clutch C1 to disengage and controls the clutch C2 to disengage; The engine starts and outputs mechanical energy to the ISG motor, which then converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. The electrical energy generated by the ISG motor is directly charged into the power battery; During this process, the engine does not directly drive the wheels or working parts; In the series discharge mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller controls the clutch C1 to disengage and controls the clutch C2 to disengage; The engine drives the ISG motor to generate electricity; The electrical energy generated by the ISG motor and the electrical energy released by the power battery are combined and then distributed to the drive motor and the working motor through the motor controller. The drive motor and the working motor respectively drive the wheels to move and drive the cutting table, threshing drum and cleaning fan to work; The engine serves only as a power generation unit and does not directly output mechanical energy to the wheels or working parts.

[0016] Preferably, in the parallel charging mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller controls the engagement of the clutch C1; The mechanical energy output by the engine is divided into two paths: The first path of mechanical energy passes sequentially through the transfer case, the engaged clutch C1, the gearbox, and the drive axle to directly drive the wheels. The second mechanical energy is used to drive the ISG motor to generate electricity, which is then used to charge the power battery; or, the second mechanical energy is output from the transfer case PTO and passes sequentially through the engaged clutch C2 to drive at least one of the working components, namely the cutter, threshing drum and cleaning fan.

[0017] Preferably, in the parallel discharge mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller controls the engagement of the clutch C1; The first path of mechanical energy output by the engine passes sequentially through the transfer case, the engaged clutch C1, the gearbox, and the drive axle to drive the wheels. At the same time, the power battery outputs electrical energy to the drive motor, and the mechanical energy output by the drive motor is incorporated into the drive axle to supplement the driving force for the wheels to move. During this process, the working component is driven by the engine via the transfer case and clutch C2, or by the working motor independently.

[0018] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a hybrid harvester drive system and a working mode switching control method. The present invention is based on the core technical features of independent electric drive of all working mechanisms, strong hybrid multi-mode coupling of engine + ISG motor + power battery, dual-motor walking drive, and global collaborative control of the whole vehicle VCU. By independently and accurately adjusting the speed of each working mechanism, mechanical transmission loss and potential faults are eliminated. By switching multiple power modes, the requirements of low emissions, low energy consumption and long-term range for cross-regional operations are taken into account. By using dual-motor differential (the first drive motor and the second drive motor drive the left and right wheels respectively, and the power is finally converged in the axle of the gearbox to complete the speed difference adjustment through the differential) and the linkage control of the whole vehicle controller VCU, the passability of complex terrain and the efficiency of operation-walking coordination are improved. At the same time, relying on the global control of VCU, it provides the underlying support for the intelligent upgrading of precision agriculture. Ultimately, it achieves comprehensive technical advantages such as improved operation quality, wider coverage of efficient range, better intelligence, and enhanced adaptability to multiple scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a hybrid power harvester drive system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a hybrid harvester drive mode switching method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] 1-Engine; 2-Transfer case; 3-Output PTO; 4-Clutch C2; 5-Third motor controller; 6-Cutter drive motor; 7-Threshing drum motor; 8-Fourth motor controller; 9-Fan motor; 10-Fifth motor controller; 11-First brake; 12-Second brake; 13-Third brake; 14-Cutter drive shaft; 15-Disengagement drum drive shaft; 16-Cleaning drive shaft; 17-Battery management system; 18-Power battery; 19-Rectifier; 20-ISG motor; 21-ISG motor controller; 22-Clutch C1; 23-First motor controller; 24-First drive motor; 25-Fourth brake; 26-Second motor controller; 27-Second drive motor; 28-Fifth brake; 29-Gearbox; 30-Wheel-side reducer; 31-Track wheel; 32-Vehicle controller. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] This invention discloses a hybrid power harvester drive system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: engine 1, ISG motor 20, power battery 18, vehicle controller 32, transfer case 1, and motor assemblies that drive the walking and working mechanisms respectively; The output end of engine 1 is connected to the input end of transfer case 2; transfer case 2 includes a first output end for transmitting travel power and a second output end for transmitting working power. The first output end is connected to ISG motor 20. ISG motor 20 is connected to the input end of gearbox 29 through clutch C1 22. The output end of gearbox 29 is connected to drive axle. ISG motor 20 is connected to power battery 18. At the same time, ISG motor 20 is connected to ISG motor controller 21. The second output end is connected to working mechanism through output PTO 3 and clutch C2 4 located thereon. The motor assembly includes a drive motor and a working motor. The drive motor is connected to the power battery via a motor controller and drives the drive axle. The working motor is connected to the power battery via a corresponding motor controller and independently drives the working mechanism. More specifically, the drive motor includes a first drive motor 24 and a second drive motor 27, and the working motor includes a header drive motor 6, a threshing drum motor 7, and a fan motor 9. The motor controllers include a first motor controller 23, a second motor controller 26, a third motor controller 5, a fourth motor controller 8, and a fifth motor controller 10. The first drive motor 24 is connected to the power battery 18 via the first motor controller 23, and the first drive motor 24 drives the corresponding drive axle via a fourth brake 25. The drive axle is connected to a wheel-side reducer 30, which drives the working mechanism. Track wheel 31 rotates, second drive motor 27 is connected to power battery 18 through second motor controller 26, and second drive motor 27 drives corresponding drive axle through fifth brake 28, drive axle connected to wheel-side reducer 30, wheel-side reducer 30 drives track wheel 31 to rotate; output end of header drive motor 6 is connected to header drive shaft 14 through first brake 11, and header drive motor 6 is connected to power battery 18 through third motor controller 5; output end of threshing drum motor 7 is connected to threshing drum drive shaft 15 through second brake 12, and threshing drum motor 7 is connected to power battery 18 through fourth motor controller 8; output end of fan motor 9 is connected to cleaning drive shaft 16 through third brake 13, and fan motor 9 is connected to power battery 18 through fifth motor controller 10.

[0024] Furthermore, the present invention also includes a battery management system 17 and a rectifier 19. The ISG motor 20 is connected to the power battery 18 through the rectifier 19. The rectifier 19 converts the alternating current (AC) generated by the ISG motor 20 into direct current (DC), thereby realizing energy recovery to charge the battery and stably constructing a high-voltage DC bus for drive use. The battery management system 17 monitors the status of the power battery in real time, controls the charging and discharging process, ensures the safe operation of the battery, optimizes performance and extends service life, and provides accurate and reliable battery data support for the vehicle controller.

[0025] Furthermore, the vehicle controller 32 of the present invention communicates with the power battery 18, the motor controller, and the battery management system 17 via the CAN bus, respectively, to coordinate and control the operating status of each power source and the engagement and disengagement of the clutch based on the data collected under the working conditions. More specifically, the connection between the vehicle controller 32 and the motor controller includes connection with the first motor controller 23, the second motor controller 26, the third motor controller 5, the fourth motor controller 8, and the fifth motor controller 10.

[0026] This embodiment provides a method for switching the drive mode of a hybrid harvester based on the above system, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1. The system powers on, and the vehicle controller collects operational parameters, travel parameters, environmental parameters, and power source parameters in real time. Operational parameters include header feed rate, threshing drum speed, and cleaning system airflow. Travel parameters include travel speed, road condition type, and steering requirements. Power parameters include engine real-time efficiency range, motor efficiency range, and battery SOC. Environmental parameters include continuous operating time, ambient temperature, and remaining fuel. S2. Based on the collected parameters, determine the current operating condition type and execute the corresponding drive mode: If the vehicle is in a low-load harvesting scenario, such as turning at the edge of the field, driving without load, or turning under load, and the motor efficiency is ≥60% (where turning at the edge of the field and driving without load refer to the efficiency of the first drive motor and the second drive motor being ≥60% respectively, and low-load harvesting scenario refers to the combined efficiency of the working motor, the first drive motor, and the second drive motor being ≥60%), and the battery SOC is ≥20%, then the pure electric mode is executed: the vehicle controller disengages clutches C1 and C2, and the power battery drives the drive motor and / or the working motor. If the motor efficiency is less than 60% or the power battery SOC is less than 20% or the load suddenly increases, the pure electric mode is exited and the vehicle switches to parallel hybrid mode. If the vehicle is in a normal harvesting or medium-load scenario on a flat road, and the engine load is in the 70%-90% high-efficiency range with sufficient fuel, then the pure mechanical mode is executed: the vehicle controller engages clutch C1 and / or clutch C2, the engine directly drives the traveling and working components, and the ISG motor fine-tunes the load. If the vehicle controller detects that the engine load is <70% (inefficient idling range), it controls the ISG motor to start generating electricity to replenish the battery, and at the same time fine-tunes the engine speed to the high-efficiency range. If it still cannot return to the high-efficiency range after adjustment, the working condition re-judgment process is triggered. If the vehicle controller detects that the engine load is >90% (overload inefficient range), it immediately instructs the ISG motor to intervene in auxiliary drive to reduce the engine load. If the load still exceeds the standard after assistance and the efficiency cannot be restored, the current working condition is determined to be upgraded to heavy load, triggering a switch to parallel hybrid mode. If the system is operating under full-load harvesting or heavy-load conditions on muddy roads, and the efficiency of a single power source (engine or battery) is less than 60% or the load is ≥80% (specifically, for full-load harvesting, the threshing drum (core) + header should be ≥80%, and for muddy roads, the first and second drive motors should be ≥80%), then the parallel hybrid mode will be executed: the vehicle controller engages clutch C1, the engine provides basic power, and the drive motors supplement peak torque. If the vehicle controller detects a decrease in the collaborative efficiency (the ratio of the overall effective output power to the total energy consumption when the engine, ISG motor, first drive motor, and second drive motor work together in the hybrid system) and the load gradually decreases to a medium-load level, it will determine that the parallel hybrid mode is redundant and inefficient, and trigger a switch to pure mechanical mode. If the vehicle controller detects insufficient fuel or a battery SOC ≥80%, and the current operating conditions are suitable for light-load requirements, then it will trigger a switch to pure electric mode. If the vehicle is in a scenario where fuel is plentiful and the engine's power generation efficiency is better than the electric motor's direct drive efficiency, and continuous refueling is required, then the series hybrid mode is executed: the engine drives the ISG motor to generate electricity, which is prioritized for the drive motor and the work motor, and the remaining electricity is used to charge the power battery; when the power battery's SOC is full or the power generation efficiency decreases, the vehicle switches back to pure electric mode. Specifically: if the engine's constant-speed power generation efficiency is higher than the direct drive efficiency of the first or second drive motor, the vehicle controller maintains the series hybrid mode, prioritizing the vehicle's electricity demand, and the remaining electricity is used to charge the battery; if the vehicle controller detects that the engine efficiency is below 60% or the power battery's SOC is ≥80%, it determines that the series power generation mode is inefficient and immediately triggers a switch to pure electric mode; if the vehicle's power demand suddenly increases, the vehicle controller coordinates the battery and the power generation system to supply power together. If the efficiency is still not up to standard after power supply, the mode re-determination process is triggered simultaneously. If the vehicle is in a braking, downhill, or work stoppage scenario, and the energy recovery efficiency is ≥50% and the power battery SOC is <80%, then the energy recovery mode is executed: the first and second drive motors are used to generate electricity to charge the battery. If the vehicle controller detects that the energy recovery efficiency is ≥50% and the power battery SOC is <80%, the energy recovery mode is maintained, and inertial energy is continuously recovered. If the vehicle controller detects that the energy recovery efficiency is below 50%, it determines that the recovery process is inefficient and consumes energy, and immediately stops energy recovery. If the power battery SOC is ≥80%, the vehicle controller also terminates the recovery process to avoid overcharging the battery. After the recovery is completed or terminated, the vehicle controller immediately exits the energy recovery mode and returns to the global operating condition judgment and efficiency monitoring process. During operation in all modes, the vehicle's VCU (Vehicle Controller) continuously monitors parameters in various dimensions and adjusts the power distribution ratio and speed / power threshold in real time. If the power source efficiency is lower than the threshold in the current mode, the mode switch is triggered immediately to ensure that the walking and working systems always operate with the most efficient power combination, forming a closed-loop control of "collection-decision-execution-monitoring-adjustment".

[0027] Specifically, in purely mechanical mode, the specific action process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller 32 controls the engagement of clutch C1 22 and clutch C24; Engine 1, as the sole power source, transmits its mechanical energy in two paths: The first path of mechanical energy passes sequentially through the transfer case 2, the engaged clutch C1 22, the gearbox 29, and the drive axle to drive the wheels. The second mechanical energy is output from the output PTO3 of the transfer case 2, and passes through the clutch C2 4 in the engaged state to drive at least one of the working components of the cutter, threshing drum and cleaning fan. During this process, the ISG motor 20, the first drive motor 24, and the second drive motor 27 do not output drive torque and are in a follow-up or stopped state.

[0028] In pure electric mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller 32 controls the clutch C1 22 to disengage and the clutch C2 4 to disengage, thereby cutting off the mechanical connection between the engine 1 and the running gear and the operating system; Engine 1 is in a stopped or idling state and does not participate in power output; The power battery 18 serves as the sole power source, and its output electrical energy is divided into two paths: The first electrical energy is transmitted to the first drive motor 24 and the second drive motor 27 via the first motor controller 23 and the second motor controller 26 respectively, and then drives the track wheel 31 to move via the drive axle. The second power source is transmitted to the working motor via the motor controller, which independently drives at least one of the working components, including the cutter, threshing drum, and cleaning fan.

[0029] Series hybrid modes include series charging mode or series discharging mode; In series charging mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller 32 controls the clutch C1 22 to disengage and controls the clutch C2 4 to disengage; Engine 1 starts and outputs mechanical energy to ISG motor 20, which converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. The electrical energy generated by the ISG motor 20 is directly charged into the power battery 18; During this process, engine 1 does not directly drive the wheels or working parts, but only provides energy through the "oil-electricity-storage" path.

[0030] In series discharge mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller 32 controls the clutch C1 22 to disengage and controls the clutch C2 4 to disengage; Engine 1 drives ISG motor 20 to generate electricity; The electrical energy generated by the ISG motor 20 and the electrical energy released by the power battery 18 are combined and then distributed to the drive motor and the working motor through the motor controller to meet the high power requirements. The drive motor and the working motor respectively drive the wheels to move and drive the cutting table, threshing drum and cleaning fan to work; Among them, engine 1 only serves as a power generation unit and does not directly output mechanical energy to the wheels or working parts.

[0031] Parallel hybrid modes include parallel charging mode or parallel discharging mode; In parallel charging mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller 32 controls the engagement of clutches C1 and C22; The mechanical energy output by engine 1 is divided into two paths: The first path of mechanical energy passes sequentially through the transfer case, the engaged clutch C1 22, the gearbox 29, and the drive axle to directly drive the wheels. The second mechanical energy is used to drive the ISG motor 20 to generate electricity, which is then charged into the power battery 18 (at this time, the clutch C2 4 is disengaged, and the working parts are driven by the motor or stopped). Alternatively, the second mechanical energy is output from the output PTO3 of the transfer case 2, and passes sequentially through the engaged clutch C24 to drive at least one of the working components of the header, threshing drum and cleaning fan.

[0032] In parallel discharge mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller 32 controls the engagement of clutches C1 and C22; The first path of mechanical energy output by engine 1 passes sequentially through transfer case 2, clutch C1 22 in the engaged state, gearbox 29 and drive axle to drive the wheels to move. At the same time, the power battery 18 outputs electrical energy to the first drive motor 24 and the second drive motor 27. The mechanical energy output by the first drive motor 24 and the second drive motor 27 is incorporated into the drive axle to supplement the driving force for the wheels. During this process, the working components are driven by engine 1 via transfer case and clutch C2 4, or independently by the working motor, depending on the specific load distribution strategy.

[0033] In energy recovery mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller 32 controls the first drive motor 24 and the second drive motor 27 to switch from "electric mode" to "power generation mode". The vehicle's driving kinetic energy is transferred to the first drive motor 24 and the second drive motor 27 through the track wheel 31 and the wheel-side reducer 30 into the drive axle, driving the rotor to rotate. At this time, the drive motor works as a three-phase AC generator and outputs to the power battery 18.

[0034] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0035] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A hybrid power harvester drive system, characterized in that, include: Engine, ISG motor, power battery, vehicle controller, transfer case, and motor assemblies that drive the walking and working mechanisms respectively; The output end of the engine is connected to the input end of the transfer case; the transfer case includes a first output end for transmitting walking power and a second output end for transmitting working power. The first output end is connected to the ISG motor. The ISG motor is connected to the input end of the gearbox through clutch C1. The output end of the gearbox is connected to the drive axle. The ISG motor is connected to the power battery. The second output end is connected to the working mechanism through output PTO and clutch C2 located thereon. The motor assembly includes a drive motor and a working motor. The drive motor is connected to the power battery through a motor controller and drives the drive axle. The working motor is connected to the power battery through a corresponding motor controller and independently drives the working mechanism. The vehicle controller communicates with the power battery and motor controller via a CAN bus to coordinate and control the operating status of each power source and the engagement and disengagement of the clutch based on data collected under operating conditions.

2. The hybrid power harvester drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive motor is a dual-motor structure, with one motor arranged on the left and one on the right drive axle, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to the wheel-side reducer through a brake.

3. The hybrid power harvester drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating motors include a header drive motor, a threshing drum motor, and a fan motor; The output end of the header drive motor is connected to the header drive shaft, the output end of the threshing drum motor is connected to the threshing drum drive shaft, and the output end of the fan motor is connected to the cleaning drive shaft.

4. A method for switching drive modes in a hybrid harvester, applied to the drive system as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The system is powered on, and the vehicle controller collects operating parameters, walking parameters, environmental parameters and power source parameters in real time; S2. Based on the collected parameters, determine the current operating condition type and execute the corresponding drive mode: If the vehicle is in a field turning, empty driving or low-load harvesting scenario, and the motor efficiency is ≥60% and the battery power SOC is ≥20%, then pure electric mode is executed: the vehicle controller disengages clutches C1 and C2, and the power battery drives the drive motor and / or the working motor. If the vehicle is in a normal harvesting or medium-load scenario on a flat road, and the engine load is in the 70%-90% high-efficiency range with sufficient fuel, then the pure mechanical mode is executed: the vehicle controller engages with clutch C1 and / or clutch C2, the engine directly drives the walking and working parts, and the ISG motor fine-tunes the load. If the vehicle is in a full-load harvesting or heavy-load scenario on muddy roads, and the efficiency of a single power source is less than 60% or the load is ≥80%, then the parallel hybrid mode is executed: the vehicle controller engages with clutch C1, the engine provides basic power, and the drive motor supplements the peak torque. If the scenario is characterized by sufficient fuel and the engine's power generation efficiency being superior to the electric motor's direct drive efficiency, requiring continuous refueling, then the series hybrid mode is executed: the engine drives the ISG motor to generate electricity, which is prioritized for the drive motor and the work motor, and the remaining electricity is used to charge the power battery; when the power battery is fully charged or the power generation efficiency decreases, the system switches back to pure electric mode. If the machine is braking, going downhill, or stopping during operation, and the recovery efficiency is ≥50% and the power battery SOC is <80%, then the energy recovery mode is executed: the inertial drive motor generates electricity to charge the power battery. S3. The vehicle controller continuously monitors the efficiency parameters under each mode. If the parameters are below the threshold, it triggers mode switching to form a closed-loop control.

5. The method for switching drive modes of a hybrid harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that, The operating parameters include the header feed rate, threshing drum speed, and cleaning system air volume; The driving parameters include driving speed, road condition type, and steering requirements; The power parameters include the engine's real-time efficiency range, the motor's efficiency range, and the power battery's state of charge (SOC). The environmental parameters include continuous operating time, ambient temperature, and remaining fuel.

6. The method for switching drive modes of a hybrid harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the purely mechanical mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller controls the engagement of clutch C1 and clutch C2; The engine, as the sole power source, transmits its mechanical energy in two paths: The first path of mechanical energy passes sequentially through the transfer case, the engaged clutch C1, the gearbox, and the drive axle to drive the wheels. The second mechanical energy is output from the output PTO of the transfer case, and passes through the clutch C2 in the engaged state to drive at least one of the working components of the cutter, threshing drum and cleaning fan. During this process, the ISG motor and the drive motor do not output drive torque.

7. The hybrid harvester drive mode switching method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the pure electric mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller controls the clutch C1 to disengage and the clutch C2 to disengage, thereby cutting off the power connection of the engine, and the engine is in a stopped or idling state. The power battery serves as the sole power source, and its output electrical energy is divided into two paths: The first source of electrical energy is transmitted to the drive motor via the motor controller, and then drives the wheels to move via the drive axle; The second power source is transmitted to the working motor via the motor controller, which independently drives at least one of the working components, including the cutter, threshing drum, and cleaning fan.

8. The method for switching drive modes of a hybrid harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the series charging mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller controls the clutch C1 to disengage and controls the clutch C2 to disengage; The engine starts and outputs mechanical energy to the ISG motor, which then converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. The electrical energy generated by the ISG motor is directly charged into the power battery; During this process, the engine does not directly drive the wheels or working parts; In the series discharge mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller controls the clutch C1 to disengage and controls the clutch C2 to disengage; The engine drives the ISG motor to generate electricity; The electrical energy generated by the ISG motor and the electrical energy released by the power battery are combined and then distributed to the drive motor and the working motor through the motor controller. The drive motor and the working motor respectively drive the wheels to move and drive the cutting table, threshing drum and cleaning fan to work; The engine serves only as a power generation unit and does not directly output mechanical energy to the wheels or working parts.

9. A method for switching drive modes of a hybrid harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the parallel charging mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller controls the engagement of the clutch C1; The mechanical energy output by the engine is divided into two paths: The first path of mechanical energy passes sequentially through the transfer case, the engaged clutch C1, the gearbox, and the drive axle to directly drive the wheels. The second mechanical energy is used to drive the ISG motor to generate electricity, and the generated electricity is charged into the power battery. Alternatively, the second mechanical energy is output from the output PTO of the transfer case and passes sequentially through the engaged clutch C2 to drive at least one of the working components of the cutter, threshing drum, and cleaning fan.

10. A method for switching drive modes of a hybrid harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the parallel discharge mode, the specific operation process of each component is as follows: The vehicle controller controls the engagement of the clutch C1; The first path of mechanical energy output by the engine passes sequentially through the transfer case, the engaged clutch C1, the gearbox, and the drive axle to drive the wheels. At the same time, the power battery outputs electrical energy to the drive motor, and the mechanical energy output by the drive motor is incorporated into the drive axle to supplement the driving force for the wheels to move. During this process, the working component is driven by the engine via the transfer case and clutch C2, or by the working motor independently.

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