An automatic device for smearing and staining of avian blood samples and method of use

Abstract

This invention relates to an automated smear staining device and method for using avian blood samples. The smear staining device includes a base, a working platform, a slide positioning structure, a screw-slide mechanism, a slide pushing component, a heating component, an ultrasonic ceramic transducer, a rotary dispensing component, a staining solution bottle, a rotary servo motor, a micro peristaltic pump, and a control system. The slide pushing component holds a standard glass slide as the slide pusher and, driven by the screw-slide mechanism, completes the spreading and film formation of the blood sample. The rotary dispensing component, driven by the staining rotary servo motor, rotates from a standby position to a working position to quantitatively add staining solution to the slide. The heating component is used for the initial drying of the blood smear and the subsequent drying after staining. The ultrasonic ceramic transducer assists in the spreading of the staining solution. This invention can improve the consistency and continuity of on-site smear preparation and staining of avian blood samples.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biological sample pretreatment equipment technology, and in particular to smear staining of avian blood samples, specifically to an automatic smear staining device for avian blood samples and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In large-scale poultry farming, herd health and disease control are directly related to production performance. Hematological testing can provide morphological clues of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and blood parasites at the individual level, which facilitates early identification and rapid treatment of abnormalities in daily inspections, epidemic investigations and treatment follow-ups. Compared with fecal, pharyngeal swab or serological methods, its intuitiveness and on-site operability are more conducive to rapid decision-making by front-line personnel. It is known as the gold standard for assessing the health status of poultry and diagnosing blood protozoan diseases. Therefore, it has long-term stable application value and rigid demand in the farming process.

[0003] Avian erythrocytes are nucleated cells, and their volume, morphology, and optical scattering characteristics differ significantly from those of mammals. The classification criteria, maturity assessment, and pathological reactions of leukocytes are also specific to avian populations. Current fully automated blood analyzers developed for mammalian models are not well-suited in terms of volume distribution, optical parameters, and chemical lysis / staining systems. This results in a mismatch between counting and classification algorithms, insufficient subtype differentiation capabilities, and a lack of specificity in reference intervals and quality control systems. Therefore, reliable results for avian blood still require microscopic examination of blood smears.

[0004] In the clinical observation, health assessment, and pathological screening of avian blood samples, it is usually necessary to first prepare blood smears, then perform staining, and finally observe them under a microscope. Current methods mostly rely on manual labor, which involves first dropping the blood sample onto the surface of a glass slide, then using another glass slide as a pusher slide, contacting the blood droplet at a certain angle, so that the blood forms a linear liquid band at the leading edge of the pusher slide and is pushed along the length of the glass slide to form a blood film, followed by drying, staining, and drying again.

[0005] The above methods have the following shortcomings: First, the angle of slide pushing, contact posture, pushing speed, and stroke mainly depend on the operator's experience, resulting in poor repeatability; second, blood smear preparation, drying, and staining are usually carried out separately, involving many steps; third, in large-scale farms, if portable pretreatment equipment is lacking, suspected diseased poultry samples often need to be sent to the laboratory before slide preparation and staining, which is cumbersome and inefficient; fourth, sample residue is easily left on the slides after continuous use, and if not cleaned in time, it can easily affect subsequent observation results. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention addresses the problems of heavy reliance on manual labor, poor slide consistency, unstable staining solution addition, dispersed process, and inconvenient cleaning in the on-site pretreatment of poultry blood samples. It provides an automatic smear staining device and method for using poultry blood samples, which can better simulate manual smearing actions and can continuously complete blood sample smearing, heating and drying, quantitative addition of staining solution, and re-drying.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: providing an automatic smear staining device for avian blood samples, including a working platform for placing a glass slide to be prepared, a glass slide clamping mechanism, and a telescopic mechanism for driving the glass slide clamping mechanism to move laterally above the glass slide to be prepared. A slide pusher is fixed on the glass slide clamping mechanism, and the slide pusher extends downward to the glass slide to be prepared. The device also includes a dropper head and a driving mechanism for driving the dropper head to move above the glass slide to be prepared. The dropper head is connected to a liquid supply pump via a liquid supply hose.

[0008] This solution uses a work platform as the installation carrier, making it easy to carry as a whole. The telescopic mechanism drives the slide clamping mechanism to move, thereby moving the slide forward laterally for coating. The staining solution is pumped by the liquid supply pump and then dripped onto the slide to be prepared through the dropper head for staining. No manual operation is required, the staining solution dripping is more stable, and the consistency of slide preparation is greatly improved.

[0009] As an optimization, the working platform is equipped with a heating component located below the slide to be prepared and for heating the slide. This optimization scheme, by setting up a heating component, facilitates heating of the slide to be prepared, thereby improving the drying efficiency after coating and staining.

[0010] As an optimization, the working platform is also equipped with a slide positioning structure. This structure includes limiting platforms located on the left and right sides of the slide to be prepared, and an end stop located on the front side of the slide. The distance between the two limiting platforms is adapted to the width of the slide. This optimized slide positioning structure uses the limiting platforms to block the left and right movement of the slide, preventing misalignment. The end stop also blocks the forward movement of the slide, preventing it from moving with the pusher slide.

[0011] As an optimization, the telescopic mechanism includes a lead screw and slide mechanism, and a drive motor connected to the lead screw in the lead screw and slide mechanism. The slide in the lead screw and slide mechanism is connected to the slide clamping mechanism via a slide holder. This optimized telescopic mechanism uses a lead screw and slide mechanism as the actuator to drive the slide clamping mechanism to move back and forth. It has a simple structure and facilitates control of the movement speed of the slide clamping mechanism.

[0012] As an optimization, the slide clamping mechanism includes a fixing block installed at the end of the slide holder away from the slide table, and the fixing block has an insertion slot adapted to the slide. This optimized slide clamping mechanism has a simple structure, and the slide is installed through the insertion slot, facilitating the installation and removal of the slide.

[0013] As an optimization, a first magnetic attractor is provided inside the insertion slot on one side of the slide, and a second magnetic attractor is provided outside the insertion slot on the other side of the slide. The first and second magnetic attractors are attracted by each other's magnetism. This optimized solution utilizes the mutual attraction between the first and second magnetic attractors to further fix the slide, resulting in a simple structure and further preventing the slide from falling out during the scraping process.

[0014] As an optimization, the work platform also includes a cleaning zone located behind the slide to be prepared, containing a cleaning medium. This optimized solution, by setting up a cleaning zone, allows the slide pusher to reciprocate back and forth within the cleaning zone using a telescopic mechanism after the slide preparation is completed, achieving timely cleaning of the slide pusher.

[0015] As an optimization, the driving mechanism includes a rotary servo motor mounted on the working platform and a rotary bracket fixed to the upper end of the output shaft of the rotary servo motor. The dripping head is fixed to the bottom of the rotary bracket. In the non-working state, the rotary bracket is located outside the vertically corresponding area of ​​the slide to be prepared, avoiding interference with the slide clamping mechanism. This optimized solution achieves the switching between the working position and the standby position of the dripping head by rotating the rotary bracket driven by the rotary servo motor, which helps to reduce the space occupied in the front-to-back direction.

[0016] As an optimization, an ultrasonic ceramic transducer is placed beneath the slide to be prepared, and the transducer contacts the bottom surface of the slide. This optimized solution uses the ultrasonic ceramic transducer to transmit vibrational energy to the slide, achieving auxiliary vibration to promote the spreading of the staining solution and make the staining solution spread more evenly.

[0017] This solution also provides a method for using the above-mentioned automated smear staining device for poultry blood samples, including the following steps: Step 1: Place the slide to be prepared into the slide positioning structure of the work platform to complete the positioning; Step 2: Manually add the avian blood sample to the predetermined area of ​​the slide using a pipette, with a volume of 2μL to 5μL. Step 3: The slide holding mechanism with the pusher slide enters the working position, the upper end of the pusher slide tilts backward, and the angle between the pusher slide and the slide to be prepared is 120°~150°. Step 4: Drive the lead screw slide mechanism by the drive motor. The movement of the slide moves the slide clamping mechanism forward to perform the blood spreading and forming stage, so that the blood sample forms a linear liquid band at the leading edge of the slide. Step 5: Using the movement of the slide table to move the slide clamping mechanism forward, the slide is pushed forward to form a film, so that the blood sample is spread along the surface of the slide to be prepared to form a blood smear. Step 6: Control the heating components to perform initial heating and drying of the blood smear; Step 7: After the initial drying is completed, rotate the rotating bracket to the working position by rotating the servo motor, so that the drip head is moved above the glass slide to be prepared, start the liquid supply pump, and add the staining solution to the glass slide to be prepared in a quantitative manner. Step 8: Control the heating component to reheat and dry the glass slide after the staining solution has been added; Step 9: Move the slide clamping mechanism to the cleaning area via the lead screw slide mechanism, and make the slide clamping mechanism reciprocate back and forth in the cleaning area to wipe and clean the slide in place using the cleaning medium in the cleaning area. Step 10: After the slide is completely dry, remove it from the slide positioning structure and observe it under a microscope.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) The slide is moved forward and laterally by the screw slide mechanism to make the smear. No manual operation is required. This can better realize the action process of "blood line formation - forward film formation", which is conducive to improving the consistency of film formation action. (2) The blood smear, initial drying, staining solution addition and re-drying are integrated into the same platform, which is convenient for use on the farm. Moreover, the workflow is continuous, reducing manual transfer. The staining solution is quantitatively supplied by a micro peristaltic pump, which can improve the stability of the drip volume. (3) By setting an ultrasonic ceramic transducer, the glass slide to be prepared can be subjected to auxiliary vibration treatment after the staining solution is added, which is beneficial to the spreading and uniformity of the staining solution. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic smear staining device for poultry blood samples according to the present invention; Figure 2 A top view of the structure when the glass slide is in the scraping operation state and the rotary dripping assembly is in the standby state; Figure 3 A top view of the rotating dispensing assembly in dispensing mode with the slide in the clean zone. Figure 4 This is a side structural schematic diagram of the working platform, heating assembly, and ultrasonic ceramic vibrator in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure below the working platform of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a block diagram of the control system of the present invention; As shown in the figure: 1. Base, 2. Working platform, 3. Slide positioning structure, 4. Drive motor, 5. Slide pushing execution component, 6. Slide pushing glass, 7. Slide to be prepared, 8. Cleaning area, 9. Heating component, 10. Human-machine interaction module, 11. Ultrasonic ceramic transducer, 12. Power supply module, 13. Rotary dripping component, 14. Staining solution bottle, 15. Heating plate controller, 16. Main controller, 17. Ultrasonic transducer controller, 18. Battery, 19. Power management module, 20. Rotary servo motor, 21. Liquid supply pump, 501. Slide pushing holder, 502. Slide holding mechanism, 1001. Control button, 1002. Speaker, 1003. Display screen, 1301. Rotary bracket, 1302. Drip head, 1303. Liquid supply hose. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the following detailed implementation method will be used to explain the solution.

[0021] like Figure 1 An automated smear staining device for avian blood samples is shown, comprising a base 1, a working platform 2 for placing a glass slide 7 to be prepared, a glass slide clamping mechanism 502, and a telescopic mechanism for driving the glass slide clamping mechanism 502 to move laterally above the glass slide to be prepared. The working platform is fixedly mounted on the top of the base for placing the glass slide 7 to be prepared, and the base has a chamber located below the working platform.

[0022] The upper surface of the working platform is provided with a slide positioning structure 3. The slide positioning structure 3 includes limiting platforms located on the left and right sides of the slide 7 to be prepared, and an end stop located on the front side of the slide 7. The distance between the two limiting platforms is adapted to the width of the slide 7. In this embodiment, the length direction of the slide 7 to be prepared is consistent with the front-back direction. After the slide 7 to be prepared is placed on the working platform 2, its two sides cooperate with the lateral limiting platforms, and the front end abuts against the end stop, thereby completing the rapid positioning of the slide 7 to be prepared and limiting its front-back and left-back displacement during scraping, dripping, and vibration.

[0023] The telescopic mechanism includes a lead screw and slide mechanism, and a drive motor 4 connected to the lead screw in the lead screw and slide mechanism. The drive motor is a stepper motor. The slide in the lead screw and slide mechanism is connected to the slide clamping mechanism 502 via a slide holder 501. One end of the slide holder is fixed to the slide, and the other end is fixed to the slide clamping mechanism. The slide holder 501 and the slide clamping mechanism 502 form a slide pushing execution assembly 5. The telescopic mechanism is located on one side of the working platform and is used to drive the slide pushing execution assembly 5 to reciprocate along the length of the slide 7 to be prepared, so that the blood sample first forms a linear liquid band at the leading edge of the slide and then spreads along the pushing direction to form a blood film. During the operation, the slide pushing execution assembly 5 preferably first performs the blood spreading and forming stage movement, and then performs the forward pushing and film forming stage movement, wherein the movement speed of the blood spreading and forming stage movement is less than the movement speed of the forward pushing and film forming stage movement. In actual installation, the telescopic mechanism can be installed on the base, and the slide clamping mechanism 502 can be extended to the top of the work platform. When the slide pusher moves to the working position, the slide pusher and the slide to be prepared form a preset plane angle to complete the scraping operation.

[0024] A slide pusher 6 is fixed on the slide clamping mechanism 502. The slide pusher 6 extends downward to the slide to be prepared 7. The upper end of the slide pusher 6 is tilted backward, and the angle between the slide pusher 6 and the slide to be prepared 7 is 120°~150°, preferably 135°, which is closer to the operation of artificial blood smear. The slide pusher in this embodiment uses a standard slide.

[0025] The slide clamping mechanism 502 of this embodiment includes a fixing block installed at the end of the slide clamping frame away from the slide table. The fixing block has an insertion groove adapted to the slide, and the slide is inserted and fixed in the insertion groove.

[0026] To improve the fixation effect of the slide pusher, an auxiliary limiting mechanism is provided for the slide pusher. In this embodiment, a first magnetic chuck is provided inside the insertion slot on one side of the slide pusher, and a second magnetic chuck is provided outside the insertion slot on the other side of the slide pusher. The first and second magnetic chucks attract each other, and the mutual attraction between the first and second magnetic chucks clamps the slide pusher, ensuring reliable fixation, improving the stability of the slide pusher installation, and facilitating replacement. As a preferred embodiment, a movable holding member is provided outside the fixing block, and the second magnetic chuck is provided on the movable holding member. After the slide pusher 6 is inserted into the insertion slot, it is pressed and fixed on the slide holding mechanism 502 under the magnetic force of the first and second magnetic chucks. The left and right sides of the insertion slot are provided with retaining edges, and the rear end is provided with a positioning block to provide lateral and longitudinal auxiliary limiting for the slide pusher 6, thereby preventing the slide pusher 6 from loosening, deviating, or falling out during the scraping process.

[0027] In the scraping operation state, the slide pusher 6 and the slide to be prepared 7 form a planar angle of 120° to 150° along their length, preferably 135°. At this time, the rotary dripping assembly 13 is in the standby position to avoid interfering with the movement of the slide pusher assembly 5.

[0028] The working platform includes a heating component 9 located below the glass slide 7 to be prepared, which heats the slide. This heating component is used for initial and secondary drying of the blood smear. In this embodiment, the heating component 9 is preferably a silicone heating pad, used for staged heating and drying of the blood smear. Preferably, the initial heating temperature after the blood smear is formed is 35℃~55℃, more preferably 42℃; the secondary heating temperature after the staining solution is added is 40℃~60℃, more preferably 45℃.

[0029] The automated avian blood sample smear staining device of this embodiment also includes a dropper head 1302 and a drive mechanism for moving the dropper head above the slide to be prepared. The dropper head 1302 is connected to a supply pump 21 via a supply hose 1303. In this embodiment, a miniature peristaltic pump is used as the supply pump. The dropper head, the rotating support, and the supply hose form a rotary dropper assembly 13. The rotary dropper assembly is located in front of the area where the slide to be prepared is placed, and is used to switch between a standby position and a working position and to drop staining solution onto the slide to be prepared.

[0030] The driving mechanism includes a rotary servo motor 20 mounted on the working platform and a rotary bracket 1301 fixed to the upper end of the output shaft of the rotary servo motor. The drip head 1302 is fixed to the bottom of the rotary bracket 1301. In the standby state, the rotary bracket is located outside the vertical corresponding area of ​​the slide to be prepared, avoiding the side of the working platform 2. In the working position, it is located above the slide to be prepared 7. Preferably, the rotary drip assembly 13 rotates 90° in the plane from the standby position to the working position under the drive of the rotary servo motor 20. A miniature peristaltic pump is used to deliver the mixed staining solution in the staining solution bottle 14 to the drip head 1302 through the supply hose 1303, while the blood sample is manually dripped onto the upper surface of the slide to be prepared 7 by a pipette.

[0031] An ultrasonic ceramic transducer 11 is positioned beneath the glass slide to be prepared, and the transducer contacts the bottom surface of the glass slide. Specifically, two ultrasonic ceramic transducers 11 are provided, spaced apart along the front-to-back direction. The transducers 11 are embedded in the mounting cavity within the working platform 2, with their tops protruding 0.5mm to 1mm above the bottom of the mounting cavity, forming partial or near-contact vibration coupling with the bottom surface of the glass slide 7. The main support for the glass slide 7 is still provided by the working platform 2 and the slide positioning structure 3. The ultrasonic ceramic transducer 11 is mainly used to transmit vibration energy to the glass slide 7. Because the glass slide 7 is laterally and end-positioned by the slide positioning structure 3, it is not prone to significant displacement during vibration.

[0032] The work platform also includes a cleaning zone 8 located behind the slide to be prepared. This cleaning zone 8 contains a cleaning medium. After coating, the slide pusher 6 enters the cleaning zone 8, where it is cleaned in situ using the cleaning medium. Specifically, the cleaning medium can be alcohol swabs, absorbent cotton, a non-woven fabric-covered cleaning block, a sponge cleaning block, or a replaceable cleaning component. After coating, the slide pusher assembly 5 moves to the cleaning zone 8 and, driven by a screw-slide mechanism, reciprocates forward and backward within the cleaning zone 8 to achieve in-situ cleaning of the slide pusher 6.

[0033] The base chamber contains a dyeing solution bottle 14, a heating plate controller 15, a main controller 16, an ultrasonic transducer controller 17, a power supply module 12, a battery 18, a power management module 19, and a micro peristaltic pump. In this embodiment, the main controller is an ESP32 controller, which is used to control the coordinated operation of the drive motor of the lead screw slide mechanism, the rotary dripping assembly, the micro peristaltic pump, the heating plate controller, and the ultrasonic transducer controller.

[0034] The staining solution bottle 14 is used to store the mixed staining solution; a micro peristaltic pump is used to deliver the staining solution to the dropping head 1302 of the rotary dropping assembly 13 via the supply hose 1303; a rotary servo motor 20 is installed at the corresponding mounting position on the base 1 below the working platform 2. The output axis of the rotary servo motor 20 extends upward from the working platform and is fixedly connected to the rotary support 1301 or driven by a connecting component, and can drive the rotary support 1301 to rotate around a preset axis. The dropping head 1302 is installed at the end of the rotary support 1301. The supply hose 1303 is arranged along the rotary support 1301 and communicates with the dropping head 1302. The micro peristaltic pump is used to deliver the staining solution in the staining solution bottle 14 to the dropping head 1302 via the supply hose 1303. Driven by the rotary servo motor 20, the rotary support 1301 can drive the dropping head 1302 to rotate from the standby position to the working position to achieve quantitative dropping of the glass slide 7 to be prepared. The heating element controller 15 controls the working state of the heating component 9; the ultrasonic transducer controller 17 controls the working state of the ultrasonic ceramic transducer 11; the power supply module 12 provides an external power input for the whole machine, and the battery 18 provides a portable power supply for the whole machine, powering the whole machine in the absence of an external power supply, making the device easy to use independently on the farm site; the power management module 19 realizes the power distribution, charging and discharging management and voltage conversion of the whole machine; the main controller 16 is used to coordinate and control the workflow of the entire device, and optimizes the automatic smear staining process based on one or more parameters among the following: the plane angle of the slide, the movement speed of the blood spreading stage, the movement speed of the forward film forming stage, the blood sample drop volume, the staining solution drop volume, the initial heating temperature, the reheating temperature and the ultrasonic vibration time.

[0035] like Figure 6 As shown, the main controller 16 is electrically connected to the human-machine interface module 10, the drive motor 4, the rotary servo motor 20, the micro peristaltic pump, the heating element controller 15, and the ultrasonic transducer controller 17, respectively. The heating element controller 15 is electrically connected to the heating assembly 9, and the ultrasonic transducer controller 17 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic ceramic transducer 11. The power supply module 12 and the battery 18 are both electrically connected to the power management module 19. The power management module 19 is used to manage the power supply of the whole machine and the charging and discharging of the battery. The main controller 16 is also electrically connected to the power management module 19 for power monitoring and working status management.

[0036] The human-computer interaction module 10 includes a control button 1001, a speaker 1002, and a display screen 1003 set on the working platform, which are used to display the working status, receive operation instructions, and provide prompts, respectively.

[0037] The method of using the automated smear staining device for poultry blood samples in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the slide 7 to be prepared into the slide positioning structure 3 of the work platform to complete the positioning; Step 2: Manually add the avian blood sample to the predetermined area of ​​the slide 7 using a pipette, with a volume of 2μL to 5μL. Step 3: The slide holding mechanism with the pusher slide 6 enters the working position, the upper end of the pusher slide 6 tilts backward, and the angle between the pusher slide 6 and the slide to be prepared 7 is 120°~150°. Step 4: Drive the lead screw slide mechanism by the drive motor 4. Use the movement of the slide to move the slide clamping mechanism 502 forward to perform the blood spreading and forming stage movement, so that the blood sample forms a linear liquid band at the leading edge of the push slide 6. Step 5: Using the movement of the slide table, the slide clamping mechanism 502 is moved forward to perform the forward film-forming stage movement, so that the blood sample is spread along the surface of the slide 7 to form a blood smear. Step 6: Control the heating component 9 to perform initial heating and drying on the blood smear. The initial heating temperature is 35℃~55℃. Step 7: After the initial drying is completed, rotate the rotating bracket 1301 to the working position by rotating the servo motor 20, so that the drip head 1302 is moved above the glass slide 7 to be prepared. Start the liquid supply pump 21 to add the staining solution to the glass slide in a quantitative manner. Control the ultrasonic ceramic transducer 11 to perform auxiliary vibration as needed to promote the spread and uniformity of the staining solution. Step 8: Control the heating component to reheat and dry the glass slide after the staining solution has been added. The reheating temperature is 40℃~60℃. Step 9: Move the slide clamping mechanism to the cleaning zone 8 via the screw slide mechanism, and make the slide clamping mechanism reciprocate back and forth in the cleaning zone. Use the cleaning medium in the cleaning zone to wipe and clean the slide in situ. Step 10: After the slide is completely dry, remove it from the slide positioning structure and observe it under a microscope.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment, during the blood spreading and forming stage, the movement speed of the slide pushing execution component 5 is 2 mm / s to 8 mm / s; during the forward film forming stage, the movement speed of the slide pushing execution component 5 is 10 mm / s to 35 mm / s; the preferred blood sample drop volume is 2 μL to 5 μL; the preferred staining solution drop volume is 20 μL to 60 μL; the preferred initial heating time is 20 s to 60 s; and the preferred reheating time is 45 s to 180 s.

[0039] To obtain better smear and staining effects of avian blood samples, this invention optimizes and controls the angle between the six planes of the slide, the movement speed during the blood spreading and film formation stage, the volume of blood sample added, the volume of staining solution added, the initial heating temperature, the reheating temperature, and the ultrasonic vibration time.

[0040] Wherein, the plane angle between the pusher glass slide 6 and the glass slide to be prepared 7 along their length direction is . The speed of movement during the blood-spreading and linear phase is The velocity of the forward film-forming stage is The volume of the blood sample added is The volume of the staining solution added was The initial heating temperature is The reheating temperature is The duration of ultrasonic vibration is .

[0041] Preferably, the included angle of the plane The angle is 120° to 150°, more preferably 135°; the velocity of movement during the blood spreading and forming stage. The velocity during the film formation stage is 2 mm / s to 8 mm / s. The speed is 10mm / s to 35mm / s, and satisfies the following conditions: Blood sample drop volume The volume of staining solution added is 2 μL to 5 μL. The volume ranges from 20 μL to 60 μL; the initial heating temperature is... The reheating temperature is 35℃~55℃; The temperature ranges from 40℃ to 60℃.

[0042] Let the effective working width of the pusher be... The effective film length is The average blood film thickness It can be represented as: in, This is the spread correction factor.

[0043] To improve blood film quality and staining consistency, this invention uses blood film thickness uniformity as an indicator. Edge neatness defect index Trailing defect index and processing time indicators To optimize the objective, the following objective function is established: in, , , , These are the corresponding weighting coefficients.

[0044] The main controller 16, based on preset parameters or experimental calibration results, performs... , , , , , , and One or more of these can be adjusted to obtain better blood film uniformity, edge neatness and staining effect.

[0045] Of course, the above description is not limited to the examples above. Technical features not described in this invention can be implemented by or using existing technology, and will not be repeated here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this invention and are not intended to limit this invention. This invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of this invention do not depart from the spirit of this invention and should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. An automated smear staining device for avian blood samples, comprising a working platform (2) for placing glass slides (7) to be prepared, characterized in that: It also includes a slide holding mechanism (502) and a telescopic mechanism for driving the slide holding mechanism (502) to move laterally above the slide to be prepared. A pusher slide (6) is fixed on the slide holding mechanism (502) and the pusher slide (6) extends downward to the slide to be prepared (7). It also includes a dropper head (1302) and a drive mechanism for moving the dropper head above the glass slide to be prepared, wherein the dropper head (1302) is connected to the liquid supply pump (21) via a liquid supply hose (1303).

2. The automatic smear staining device for avian blood samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working platform is provided with a heating component (9) located below the glass slide to be prepared and heating the glass slide (7).

3. The automatic smear staining device for avian blood samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working platform is also provided with a slide positioning structure (3). The slide positioning structure (3) includes a limiting platform located on the left and right sides of the slide to be prepared (7) and an end block located on the front side of the slide to be prepared. The distance between the two limiting platforms is adapted to the width of the slide to be prepared.

4. The automatic smear staining device for avian blood samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism includes a lead screw slide mechanism and a drive motor (4) connected to the lead screw in the lead screw slide mechanism. The slide in the lead screw slide mechanism is connected to the glass slide clamping mechanism (502) through a slide clamping frame (501).

5. The automatic smear staining device for avian blood samples according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slide holding mechanism (502) includes a fixing block installed at the end of the slide holder away from the slide table, and the fixing block has an insertion slot adapted to the slide.

6. The automatic smear staining device for avian blood samples according to claim 5, characterized in that: The insertion slot is provided with a first magnetic attractor located on one side of the pusher glass slide, and a second magnetic attractor located on the other side of the pusher glass slide is provided outside the insertion slot. The first magnetic attractor and the second magnetic attractor are attracted by each other.

7. The automatic smear staining device for avian blood samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The work platform is also provided with a cleaning area (8) located behind the glass slide to be prepared, and the cleaning area (8) contains a cleaning medium.

8. The automatic smear staining device for avian blood samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism includes a rotary servo motor (20) mounted on the working platform and a rotary bracket (1301) fixed to the upper end of the output shaft of the rotary servo motor. The drip head (1302) is fixed to the bottom of the rotary bracket (1301).

9. An automatic smear staining device for avian blood samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ultrasonic ceramic transducer (11) is provided below the glass slide to be prepared, and the ultrasonic ceramic transducer is in contact with the bottom surface of the glass slide to be prepared.

10. A method of using the automated smear staining device for avian blood samples according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the slide (7) to be prepared into the slide positioning structure (3) of the working platform to complete the positioning; Step 2: Manually add the poultry blood sample to the predetermined area of ​​the slide (7) using a pipette, with a volume of 2μL to 5μL. Step 3: The slide holding mechanism with the pusher slide (6) enters the working position, the upper end of the pusher slide (6) tilts backward, and the angle between the pusher slide (6) and the slide to be prepared (7) is 120°~150°. Step 4: Drive the screw slide mechanism by the drive motor (4), and use the movement of the slide to move the slide clamping mechanism (502) forward to carry out the blood spreading and forming stage movement, so that the blood sample forms a linear liquid band at the front edge of the push slide (6). Step 5: Using the movement of the slide table to drive the slide clamping mechanism (502) forward, the forward film-forming stage movement is carried out, so that the blood sample is spread along the surface of the slide (7) to form a blood smear. Step 6: Control the heating component (9) to perform initial heating and drying on the blood smear; Step 7: After the initial drying is completed, rotate the rotating bracket (1301) to the working position by rotating the servo motor (20), so that the drip head (1302) is moved above the glass slide (7) to be prepared, and start the liquid supply pump (21) to add the staining solution to the glass slide to be prepared in a quantitative manner. Step 8: Control the heating component to reheat and dry the glass slide after the staining solution has been added; Step 9: Move the slide clamping mechanism to the cleaning area (8) through the screw slide mechanism, and make the slide clamping mechanism reciprocate back and forth in the cleaning area, and use the cleaning medium in the cleaning area to wipe and clean the slide in place. Step 10: After the slide is completely dry, remove it from the slide positioning structure and observe it under a microscope.

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