A ship, a cargo hold of a ship and a method of reducing the transverse moment of grain of a hatchway

Abstract

The application provides a ship, a ship cargo hold and a method for reducing hatchway grain transverse moment, the ship cargo hold is used for loading grain and comprises: a side tank serving as a side plate of the ship cargo hold; an inner bottom plate connected with the side tank and used for bearing the pressure of the grain; a bottom edge tank connected with the side tank and arranged below the inner bottom plate; a top edge tank connected with the top of the side tank, a hatchway is formed in the top edge tank for loading and unloading the grain, hatchway coaming is arranged at both ends of the hatchway, and a hatch cover is movably connected to the hatchway coaming; and a gas bag device comprising at least one gas bag and arranged on a lower cover plate of the hatch cover and / or the hatchway coaming; and a gas supply device connected with the gas bag and used for inflating the gas bag. The application can effectively reduce the grain transverse moving space, significantly reduce the grain transverse moment of the hatchway surrounding area, improve the grain stability of the ship and increase the grain loading flexibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of marine technology, specifically relating to a ship, a ship's cargo hold, and a method for reducing the heeling moment of grain at the hatch. Background Technology

[0002] When bulk carriers load grain, the loose and porous nature of the grain creates gaps between the grain surface and the hatch cover in the area near the cargo hold openings. In recent years, the International Maritime Organization's revised Grain Code has imposed stricter requirements on grain loading conditions for bulk carriers.

[0003] Those skilled in the art typically close the hatch cover directly after the grain is loaded. When the ship rolls, the grain moves freely within the gap and deflects to one side, resulting in a large grain roll moment, which affects the ship's stability and reduces the loading rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a ship, a ship's cargo hold, and a method for reducing the heeling moment of grain at the hatch, in order to solve the problem of insufficient grain stability caused by the requirements of new grain specifications.

[0005] This invention provides a ship cargo hold for loading grain, characterized by comprising: a side compartment serving as a side plate of the ship's cargo hold; an inner floor plate connected to the side compartment for bearing the pressure of the grain; a bottom side compartment connected to the side compartment and disposed below the inner floor plate; a top side compartment connected to the top of the side compartment, the top side compartment having a hatch for loading and unloading grain, hatch coamings at both ends of the hatch, and a hatch cover movably connected to the hatch coamings; an airbag device including at least one airbag disposed on the lower cover plate of the hatch cover and / or the hatch coamings; and an air supply device connected to the airbag for inflating the airbag.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, a groove is provided on the lower cover plate, and an airbag is disposed inside the groove. When the airbag is not inflated, it is completely contained in the groove and does not extend beyond the surface of the lower cover plate.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple grooves, and at least one airbag is disposed in each groove.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the airbag includes a first airbag disposed on the lower cover plate and a second airbag disposed on the hatch coaming.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the air supply device includes a first air compressor and a second air compressor. The first air compressor is disposed inside the hatch cover and is used to supply air to the first airbag. The second air compressor is disposed at the hatch coaming and is used to supply air to the second airbag.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the ship's cargo hold further includes: a pressure sensor disposed inside the airbag for detecting the internal air pressure of the airbag and obtaining the air pressure value; and a control device connected to the pressure sensor and the air supply device, which controls the air supply device to start inflating the airbag when the air pressure value is lower than a preset air pressure threshold.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the airbag is a composite rubber material with high elasticity and high strength.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the air supply device is a bidirectional air supply device, which can also depress the airbag to restore the airbag to an uninflated state.

[0013] The present invention also provides a vessel having the following features: a hull including the aforementioned cargo hold for loading grain; and a power unit for driving the hull to move.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for reducing the heeling moment of grain at the cargo hold hatch, characterized by the following steps: opening the hatch cover and loading the grain into the ship's cargo hold; opening the air supply device to inflate the airbag until the airbag comes into contact with the grain, reducing the space for the grain to heel; and closing the hatch cover.

[0015] The role and effect of invention According to the present invention, a ship, a ship's cargo hold, and a method for reducing the heeling moment of grain at the hatch opening are disclosed. By installing airbags on the hatch cover or hatch coaming, the space for heeling movement of grain can be effectively reduced, the heeling moment of grain in the hatch coaming area can be significantly reduced, the stability of grain on the ship can be improved, and the flexibility of grain loading can be increased. Moreover, the airbags can be completely retracted when not inflated and do not occupy cargo hold volume, providing an efficient and reliable technical guarantee for bulk carriers to meet the requirements of international grain regulations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the hatch cover of a ship's cargo hold in the closed state in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the open state of the hatch cover of a ship's cargo hold in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the airbag inflation state in a ship's cargo hold, as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air supply device for a ship's cargo hold in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 100-Cargo hold, 101-Side compartment, 102-Inner bottom plate, 103-Bottom side compartment, 104-Top side compartment, 105-Airbag device, 106-Air supply device, 107-Hatch, 108-Hatch coaming, 109-Hatch cover, 110-Groove, 111-Grain resting surface, 112-Grain gap, 113-Lower cover plate, 114-First airbag, 115-Second airbag. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions disclosed in this invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0025] In this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive and distinguishing purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, specifically illustrate the ship, ship cargo hold and method for reducing the heeling moment of grain at the hatch.

[0027] The vessel includes a hull and a propulsion system. The propulsion system drives the hull to move. The hull includes a cargo hold 100 for loading grain, such as... Figures 1-4 As shown, after grain is loaded into the ship's cargo hold 100, a grain resting surface 111 is formed. A grain gap 112 is formed between the grain resting surface 111 and the area below the hatch cover 109 and at the corner of the hatch coaming 108. This invention provides a ship's cargo hold 100 for loading grain. By setting an airbag device 105, the grain gap 112 is effectively filled, thereby significantly reducing the heeling moment generated by the grain when the ship heels, improving the ship's grain stability and navigation safety. Specifically, the ship types and scenarios to which this invention is applied include, but are not limited to, bulk carriers, multi-purpose ships, self-unloading bulk carriers, dual-purpose ships, and existing ship retrofitting and upgrading projects. It is mainly used for loading various bulk grains such as soybeans, corn, wheat, barley, oats, and sorghum, and can also be used for loading other goods such as steel and timber. When loading grain goods, it flexibly adapts to the loading needs of different goods, improving the flexibility and stability of grain loading without reducing the volume of the ship's cargo hold 100.

[0028] like Figures 1-4 As shown, in this invention, the ship's cargo hold 100 mainly includes a side compartment 101, an inner floor plate 102, a bottom side compartment 103, a top side compartment 104, an airbag device 105, and an air supply device 106. The side compartment 101, as the side plate of the ship's cargo hold 100, constitutes the main body of the cargo hold 100 and is used to withstand lateral pressure from the internal grain and water pressure from the outside. The inner floor plate 102 is connected to the side compartment 101 and is the bottom platform of the ship's cargo hold 100, used to directly bear the weight pressure of the loaded grain. Its inclined floor plate also facilitates the movement and unloading of the grain and transfers the load to the hull structure below. The bottom side compartment 103 is connected to the side compartment 101 and is located below the inner floor plate 102. It is typically used to withstand water pressure from the outside and to regulate the ship's buoyancy and stability. The top side hold 104 is connected to the top of the side hold 101. The top side hold 104 has a hatch 107 for loading and unloading grain, serving as a passage for grain to enter and exit the ship's cargo hold 100. Hatch coamings 108 are provided at both ends of the hatch 107. The hatch coamings 108 are wall structures around the edges of the hatch 107, used to prevent seawater and other pollutants from entering the ship's cargo hold 100, and to provide support and a sealing base for the hatch cover 109. The hatch cover 109 is movably connected to the hatch coamings 108, and is used to close the hatch 107 after loading is completed, protecting the cargo from external environmental influences.

[0029] In one embodiment of the invention, the cargo hold 100 further includes an airbag device 105 and an air supply device 106. The airbag device 105 includes at least one airbag disposed on the lower cover plate 113 of the hatch cover 109 and / or the hatch coaming 108. The air supply device 106 is connected to the airbag and is used to inflate it. After the grain is loaded, the airbag is inflated by the air supply device 106, causing it to expand and fill the gap between the grain and the lower cover plate 113 of the hatch cover 109 and the hatch coaming 108, thereby restricting the free movement of the grain when the ship heels, thus reducing the heeling moment of the grain. It is worth noting that the structural design of the ship's cargo hold 100 is highly flexible and adaptable. This application does not limit the specific number and geometry of the side compartments 101, inner floor plate 102, bottom side compartments 103, and top side compartments 104. The number can be one or more, and the shape can be adjusted according to the ship type design and structural strength requirements, specifically to achieve the basic loading function and structural safety of the ship's cargo hold 100. As one example, the inner floor plate 102 can be a horizontally arranged flat plate or a plate structure with a certain curvature to adapt to different ship line morphologies. The dimensions and inclination angles of the bottom side compartments 103 and top side compartments 104 can be optimized according to the ship's stability calculations and ballast water capacity requirements.

[0030] As one implementation method, to better achieve the storage and arrangement of the airbags and avoid affecting the normal opening and closing of the hatch cover 109 and grain loading when not in use, the present invention further optimizes the specific arrangement of the airbags. In the present invention, the lower cover plate 113 may be provided with a groove 110, and the airbag is set inside the groove 110, so that the airbag can be completely stored in the groove 110 when not inflated, and the outer surface of the airbag does not exceed the surface of the lower cover plate 113. Thus, during the grain loading process, the lower cover plate 113 of the hatch cover 109 remains flat, avoiding obstruction to the free flow and loading of grain. At the same time, the groove 110 structure can also provide physical protection for the airbag, preventing the airbag from being damaged by sharp grain particles or loading tools during loading. After the grain is loaded and the gaps need to be filled, the airbag is inflated, and the airbag expands out of the groove 110 until it tightly abuts against the grain surface and fills the gaps.

[0031] As one implementation method, to further improve the filling effect and coverage of the grain gap 112, the present invention does not limit the number and density of airbags. There can be multiple grooves 110, and each groove 110 contains at least one airbag. The multiple grooves 110 can be arranged along the length or width direction of the lower cover plate 113 of the hatch cover 109, and the arrangement can be uniform or non-uniform. As an example, multiple rows of grooves 110 are arranged on the lower cover plate 113 along the length direction of the ship's cargo hold 100, and one or more airbags are arranged in each row of grooves 110. Through the multi-point, distributed airbag arrangement, the gap formed between the grain resting surface 111 and the lower cover plate 113 of the hatch cover 109 is filled more comprehensively and evenly, thereby more effectively reducing the movement space of the grain when the ship is listing. Multiple grooves 110 can be arranged in a matrix to form a grid-like airbag array. After inflation, the airbags collectively form a continuous, wavy filling surface, which better adapts to the irregular shape of the grain resting surface 111 and achieves a tighter fit. The spacing between adjacent grooves 110 can also be optimized according to the size of the hatch 107 area of ​​the ship's cargo hold 100 and the characteristics of the grain resting angle. For example, in actual loading, the grain will naturally form a resting angle near the hatch coaming 108, resulting in a gap area between the grain surface and the hatch coaming 108. When the ship lists, the grain will accumulate in one corner. This gap in the corner area may aggravate the lateral movement of the grain and generate a large listing moment. Therefore, a denser array of grooves 110 can be set near the corner of the hatch coaming 108 to enhance the filling effect in key areas.

[0032] In one preferred embodiment, the airbag device 105 may include a first airbag 114 disposed on the lower cover plate 113 and a second airbag 115 disposed on the hatch coaming 108. The first airbag 114 mainly fills the vertical space directly below the hatch cover 109, while the second airbag 115 mainly fills the lateral space between the inner wall of the hatch coaming 108 and the grain. Through the synergistic effect of the first airbag 114 and the second airbag 115, the space around the hatch 107 can be filled in all directions, minimizing gaps for free movement of the grain. As an example, the second airbag 115 may be arranged along the inner wall of the hatch coaming 108, expanding into the cargo hold 100 after inflation, directly abutting the side of the grain, thereby effectively blocking channels that may flow to corners when the grain is tilted. In another example, the second airbag 115 may also be continuously arranged along the entire inner circumferential wall of the hatch coaming 108, forming a ring-shaped airbag array. This ring-shaped array of airbags, once inflated, expands simultaneously from all sides towards the center of the cargo hold 100, creating a comprehensive, enveloping filling of the grain and significantly restricting its movement in all directions. In another example, the second airbag 115 can also be arranged in segments, with independent airbags positioned at the corners of the hatch coaming 108. This segmented arrangement offers greater flexibility, allowing for differentiated control based on the magnitude of the grain's heeling moment in different directions. When the ship primarily faces heeling, the inflation pressure of the airbags on the hatch coaming 108 in the lateral direction can be prioritized.

[0033] In one embodiment, to ensure a stable and reliable air source for the airbags, the present invention simplifies the piping layout of the air supply device 106, which includes a first air compressor and a second air compressor. The first air compressor is located inside the hatch cover 109 and supplies air to the first airbag 114. Integrating the first air compressor inside the hatch cover 109 results in a very short air supply pipeline between it and the first airbag 114, reducing the risk of pipeline leakage and not occupying space in the ship's cargo hold 100 or other compartments. The second air compressor is located at the hatch coaming 108, for example, it can be installed on a dedicated bracket on the outer or inner side of the hatch coaming 108, and supplies air to the second airbag 115. The arrangement of the first and second air compressors achieves a distributed air supply scheme, ensuring that each air compressor supplying air is adjacent to the airbag it serves. This results in fast response, independent control, and improved reliability. Even if one air compressor fails, it will only affect the corresponding airbag, ensuring the normal operation of the other airbags.

[0034] In one implementation, the air supply device 106 may include an air tank for storing compressed air. The air tank is located inside the hatch cover 109 or at the hatch coaming 108, acting as a buffer to ensure sufficient air volume is provided when rapid inflation is required. The air supply device 106 may also include a central air source and multiple branch pipelines. The central air source may be located in the ship's engine room or a dedicated air compressor room. The central air source delivers compressed air to the ship's cargo hold 100 via a main pipeline, and then connects to each airbag via branch pipelines. Centralized air supply schemes are beneficial for unified management and maintenance, but require more complex pipeline layouts. As an example, control devices may be installed on the central air source and branch pipelines to achieve independent control of the inflation of each airbag, so as to meet the differentiated inflation needs of different airbags. The control device may be an electric control valve.

[0035] As one implementation method, to achieve precise control and automatic maintenance of the airbag inflation status, the ship's cargo hold 100 may also include a pressure sensor and a control device. The pressure sensor is located inside the airbag to detect the internal air pressure in real time, thereby obtaining an accurate air pressure value. The control device is connected to the pressure sensor and the air supply device 106. The working principle of the control device is as follows: when the air pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is lower than a preset air pressure threshold, the control device determines that the airbag is under-inflated, possibly due to gas leakage or temperature changes. The control device then activates the air supply device 106 to replenish the airbag until the air pressure returns to the preset normal range. This ensures that the airbag maintains optimal inflation during long-term voyages, eliminating the need for frequent manual checks or operations by the crew, greatly improving practicality and reliability. When the air pressure value is higher than the preset air pressure threshold, the control device can also control the air supply device 106 to stop inflation. Preferably, the air supply device 106 can also be a bidirectional air supply device. When the air pressure exceeds a preset threshold, the control device can also control the bidirectional air supply equipment to actively evacuate the airbag, preventing damage due to excessive pressure. It's worth noting that the air pressure threshold can be variable, adapting to different loading conditions and grain types. For free-flowing grains, a higher threshold can be set to ensure closer contact between the airbag and the grain; for easily broken grains, a relatively lower threshold can be set to avoid crushing damage due to excessive airbag pressure. The bidirectional air supply equipment can integrate a vacuum pump and an air compressor to switch between inflation and deflation functions; alternatively, it can use a reversible air pump, switching between inflation and deflation modes by changing the motor's rotation direction. Furthermore, during unloading operations, opening the hatch cover 109 can activate the deflation function of the bidirectional air supply equipment to extract the gas from the airbag, quickly restoring it to its uninflated, retracted state for easier unloading. The airbag located in the groove 110 of the lower cover plate 113 retracts completely into the groove 110 after being deflated, thus avoiding obstruction to the opening of the hatch cover 109 and unloading operations.

[0036] As one implementation method, the pressure sensor can be a wireless pressure sensor, which transmits the air pressure value to the control device via wireless signal, eliminating the need for connecting pipelines between the sensor and the control device, simplifying installation and maintenance. The control device can also be integrated into the ship's existing central monitoring system, allowing crew members to view the air pressure status of each airbag in real time from the bridge or cargo control console and perform manual or automatic control.

[0037] To ensure the airbag possesses sufficient strength and durability for long-term use to withstand the pressure, friction, and corrosion of the marine environment, the airbag in this invention is made of a highly elastic, high-strength composite rubber material. This material can be, for example, but not limited to, a composite material formed by embedding reinforcing layers such as polyester fibers or aramid fibers within a natural or synthetic rubber matrix. This allows the airbag to have sufficient tensile strength to resist the pressure of the grain when inflated, while maintaining excellent elasticity and flexibility to closely conform to the irregular surface of the grain. Furthermore, this material also exhibits good anti-aging, anti-ozone, and anti-seawater corrosion properties, meeting the stringent requirements of the marine operating environment. Preferably, the outer surface of the airbag can also be coated with a wear-resistant coating. For example, the wear-resistant coating can be a polytetrafluoroethylene coating or a polyurethane coating, thereby improving the airbag's wear resistance and corrosion resistance, further extending its service life. As one implementation method, the airbag can adopt a multi-layer structure design. The airbag can include an inner sealing layer, a middle reinforcing layer and an outer protective layer. The inner layer is made of butyl rubber with good airtightness to ensure that the gas is not easily leaked; the middle layer is made of high-strength polyester fiber woven mesh to provide the main load-bearing function; and the outer layer is made of neoprene rubber with good weather resistance to resist corrosion and aging in the marine environment.

[0038] In this invention, the hatch coaming 108 and the hatch cover 109 are detachably connected, which can be achieved, for example but not limited to, using bolts, quick-locking mechanisms, or hydraulic hinges. This detachable connection makes maintenance and replacement of the hatch cover 109 more convenient, and also provides the possibility of quickly opening the hatch 107 in an emergency. When it is necessary to repair the airbag or air supply device 106 on the lower cover plate 113 of the hatch cover 109, the hatch cover 109 can be easily lifted off as a whole, providing ample operating space. A sealing device, such as a rubber sealing strip, is also provided between the hatch cover 109 and the hatch coaming 108 to ensure the watertightness of the hatch 107 when closed. After the airbag is inflated, its expansion force can further compress the sealing device, improving the sealing effect of the hatch 107.

[0039] Using the aforementioned ship cargo hold 100 for loading grain, the present invention also provides a method for reducing the heeling moment of grain at the hatch of the ship cargo hold 100, specifically including the following steps: S1. Open hatch cover 109 and load grain into cargo hold 100. During loading, grain is poured into cargo hold 100 through hatch 107. Due to the natural angle of repose of grain, a slope will form on the surface of the grain after loading. A certain gap will inevitably exist between this slope and the lower cover plate 113 of hatch cover 109 and hatch coaming 108. This gap has a more significant impact on the stability of the grain on the ship.

[0040] S2, the air supply device 106 is opened to inflate the airbags until the airbags are against the grain, reducing the space for the grain to tilt laterally. The air supply device 106 is activated when the grain loading is complete and the hatch cover 109 is not yet closed or has just been closed. When the airbags include a first airbag 114 and a second airbag 115, for the first airbag 114 located in the groove 110 of the lower cover plate 113, the air supply device 106 inflates it through built-in pipes, causing the airbag to gradually expand and extend from the groove 110, extending downwards until its bottom surface is tightly against the upper surface of the grain; for the second airbag 115 located at the hatch coaming 108, the air supply device 106 inflates it, causing the airbag to expand laterally into the cargo hold 100 until its side is tightly against the side of the grain. Thus, the airbags, through physical filling, greatly compress the volume of grain that can move freely in the area around the hatch 107. When a ship encounters wind and waves and begins to list, the grain inside the cargo hold 100 tends to move to one side. However, due to the obstruction of the airbags, its movement space is strictly limited, preventing it from forming a large-scale dynamic movement, thus significantly reducing the resulting heeling moment.

[0041] In one implementation method, the step of inflating the airbag by opening the air supply device 106 can be carried out in stages, gradually increasing the pressure. The airbag is inflated to a lower pressure to allow it to initially contact the surface of the grain. After the grain has settled and stabilized for a period of time, the air supply device 106 is restarted to inflate the airbag to the target pressure. The staged inflation method can better adapt to the grain settling process, avoid damage to the grain due to excessive inflation pressure at one time, and also more effectively fill the new voids created after the grain settles.

[0042] S3, Close hatch cover 109. After the airbag is fully inflated, close hatch cover 109. Throughout the voyage, the pressure sensor continuously monitors the air pressure inside the airbag. If the airbag pressure falls below the preset pressure threshold due to temperature changes, gas leakage, or grain settling, the control device can automatically activate the air supply device 106 to replenish the air, ensuring that the airbag is always in an effective working state. When the ship arrives at the destination port to unload cargo, the air extraction function of the two-way air supply device can be activated through the control device to extract the gas from the airbag, and then the hatch cover 109 can be opened for unloading operations.

[0043] It is worth noting that this application does not limit the absolute order of steps. In actual operation, the airbag can be inflated when the grain is loaded but the hatch cover 109 is not completely closed, or it can be inflated through a remote control system after the hatch cover 109 is closed. As long as the purpose of filling the gap between the grain and the hatch 107 structure with the airbag can be achieved, thereby reducing the space for the grain to tilt laterally, all variations in the order of operation should be considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0044] In summary, the ship cargo hold 100 and the method for reducing the heeling moment of grain at the hatch provided by the present invention solve the problem of insufficient stability of ship grain caused by the new grain specifications by setting inflatable and deflated airbag devices 105 at key locations such as the lower cover plate 113 of the hatch cover 109 and the hatch coaming 108, and combining them with pressure sensors and control devices.

[0045] Compared to existing technologies that rely solely on closing the hatch cover 109 and cannot actively reduce the heeling moment of grain, this invention effectively reduces the heeling moment of grain during navigation by actively filling the gap with an airbag. This ensures that the ship has sufficient stability margin under various operating conditions, greatly improving navigation safety and increasing the flexibility of loading capacity when loading grain cargo, eliminating excessive restrictions on loading capacity due to insufficient stability. The inflatable airbag device 105 used in this invention is completely stored in the groove 110 or close to the bulkhead when not in use, without causing permanent loss of the effective volume of the ship's cargo hold 100 or affecting the normal use of the ship's cargo hold 100. By integrating pressure sensors and control devices, this invention can also achieve automatic monitoring and maintenance of the airbag status, reducing the operational burden on the crew.

[0046] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0047] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A ship cargo hold for loading grain, characterized in that, include: Side compartments, serving as side panels of a ship's cargo holds; The inner bottom plate, connected to the side compartment, is used to withstand the pressure of the grain; The bottom side compartment, connected to the side compartment, is located below the inner floor plate; The top side compartment is connected to the top of the side compartment. The top side compartment has a hatch for loading and unloading the grain. The hatch is provided with hatch coamings at both ends, and hatch covers are movably connected to the hatch coamings. An airbag device, comprising at least one airbag, disposed on the lower cover plate of the hatch cover and / or the hatch coaming; An air supply device, connected to the airbag, is used to inflate the airbag.

2. The ship cargo hold for loading grain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower cover plate has a groove, and the airbag is disposed inside the groove. When the airbag is not inflated, it is completely contained within the groove and does not extend beyond the surface of the lower cover plate.

3. The ship cargo hold for loading grain according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are multiple grooves, and each groove contains at least one airbag.

4. The ship cargo hold for loading grain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airbag includes a first airbag disposed on the lower cover plate and a second airbag disposed on the hatch coaming.

5. The ship cargo hold for loading grain according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air supply device includes a first air compressor and a second air compressor. The first air compressor is located inside the hatch cover and is used to supply air to the first airbag. The second air compressor is located at the hatch coaming and is used to supply air to the second airbag.

6. The ship cargo hold for loading grain according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A pressure sensor is installed inside the airbag to detect the internal air pressure of the airbag and obtain the air pressure value; A control device, connected to the pressure sensor and the air supply device, controls the air supply device to inflate the airbag when the air pressure value is lower than a preset air pressure threshold.

7. The ship cargo hold for loading grain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airbag is made of a highly elastic and high-strength composite rubber material.

8. The ship cargo hold for loading grain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply device is a bidirectional air supply device, and it can also depress the airbag to restore the airbag to an uninflated state.

9. A ship, characterized in that, include: The hull includes the cargo hold for loading grain as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; A power unit for driving the hull to move.

10. A method for reducing the heeling moment of grain at the cargo hold hatch, characterized in that, Using a cargo hold as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 includes the following steps: Open the hatch cover and load the grain into the ship's cargo hold; The air supply device is turned on to inflate the airbag until the airbag comes into contact with the grain, thereby reducing the space for the grain to tilt and move laterally. Close the hatch cover.

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