Lightweight high-precision punch slider guide system

Abstract

This application relates to a lightweight, high-precision punch press slide guide system in the field of mechanical engineering. It includes an integrally molded silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite slide, a guide structure (including guide posts, guide sleeves, and rolling components) located between the frame and the slide, and an oil cooling channel inside the slide (with an oil cooling channel below the main rib of the slide, and oil inlet and outlet ports at both ends). This solution can reduce weight, decrease inertia, optimize cooling and deformation control, and improve precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mechanical engineering technology, and more specifically, to a lightweight, high-precision punch press slide guide system. Background Technology

[0002] As a core moving component in stamping equipment, the dynamic performance of the press slide directly affects the accuracy and production efficiency of the stamping operation. Under high-speed stamping conditions, the slide must frequently endure high-frequency reciprocating motion. The inertial force generated by its own mass can cause significant vibration and displacement deviations, severely interfering with motion stability and guiding accuracy. Traditional press slides are generally made of cast iron or ordinary steel. These materials have high density and heavy weight, resulting in prominent inertial effects. This not only limits the potential for increasing stamping speed but also increases equipment energy consumption. Simultaneously, during continuous high-speed stamping, the heat generated by friction between the die and the workpiece is continuously transferred to the slide body through the mounting surface, causing thermal expansion and structural deformation of the slide material. This thermal deformation alters the fit clearance between the slide and the guide post, leading to a gradual deterioration in guiding accuracy, which in turn affects the quality consistency of the stamped parts and the lifespan of the equipment. Therefore, how to effectively achieve lightweight design of the slide and accurately control thermal deformation has become a long-standing technical challenge in this field.

[0003] Existing technologies have attempted to address these challenges through improvements to cooling systems and guiding structures. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN205929550U proposes setting a cooling cavity inside the slider to reduce temperature using circulating coolant. However, this solution uses a simple integral cavity structure, and the coolant flow path lacks targeted design, easily leading to flow stagnation in local areas and uneven cooling; in particular, it fails to optimize the arrangement of areas with concentrated heat inside the slider, resulting in low heat dissipation efficiency in key parts. Furthermore, this patent does not involve lightweight innovation of the slider material, nor does it make substantial improvements to the guiding mechanism. Another Chinese utility model patent CN218693354U introduces a ball-bearing cage structure between the guide post and the guide sleeve to reduce sliding resistance through rolling friction. However, this solution relies on point contact guidance of the balls, resulting in concentrated contact stress, limited load-bearing capacity, and guidance accuracy easily affected by ball dimensional tolerances and wear; more importantly, the ball cage needs to move synchronously with the guide post, and its stroke is completely limited by the physical length of the guide sleeve, making it unable to adapt to the flexible needs of different stamping strokes, significantly restricting its application range.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a lightweight, high-precision punch press slide guide system, which has the advantages of reducing slide weight, reducing inertial effects, optimizing cooling path to control thermal deformation, and improving guiding accuracy.

[0006] This application provides a lightweight, high-precision punch press slide guide system, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0007] include:

[0008] - A one-piece molded slider made of silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material;

[0009] - A guide structure, located between the punch press frame and the slide block, is used to guide the slide block. The guide structure includes a guide post, a guide sleeve, and a rolling assembly located inside the guide sleeve. The rolling assembly makes rolling contact with the guide post.

[0010] - An oil cooling channel is located inside the slider and is opened directly below the main rib of the slider. The two ends of the oil cooling channel extend to the sides of the slider and form an oil inlet and an oil outlet, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the slider is a four-guide-post slider, which includes an integrally formed upper plate, a lower plate, and multiple slider main ribs connected between the upper plate and the lower plate. The lower plate is used to install the stamping die, and the outer edge of the lower plate extends beyond the outer edge of the upper plate. Mounting seats for installing guide posts are provided at the four corners of the extended portion of the lower plate. The two ends of the slider main ribs extend to connect with the mounting seats.

[0012] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the oil cooling channel is located above the lower plate and directly below each main rib of the slider, and the oil cooling channel is arranged along the length direction of the main rib of the slider.

[0013] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the oil cooling channel is a unidirectional oil path, with its oil inlet and oil outlet located at both ends of the main rib of the slider; or, the oil cooling channel is a circuitous oil path, with its oil inlet and oil outlet located on the same side or different sides of the slider, and the oil path channel folds back and forth directly below the main rib of the slider.

[0014] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the outer wall of the guide post is provided with multiple axially extending cross-sections, and the rolling assembly includes multiple rollers, each roller corresponding to and rolling in contact with one cross-section of the guide post to achieve high-precision rolling guidance.

[0015] Furthermore, this application proposes that the guide structure is a high-precision guide structure, and the rolling assembly also includes a cage, which is axially movable within the guide sleeve, and multiple rollers are mounted on the cage; the cage is provided with multiple pockets, and multiple rollers are respectively mounted in the pockets; the cage is an annular sleeve structure, and the cross-sectional shape of its inner cavity is adapted to the outer periphery of the section of the guide post with a cross section; the rollers are cylindrical, and their axial direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide post.

[0016] Furthermore, this application proposes that the guide structure is an adjustable stroke guide structure, and the rolling assembly also includes a base, which is fixedly disposed within the guide sleeve. The base is provided with a circulating raceway, and multiple rollers are installed in the circulating raceway and can circulate along the circulating raceway. The base is elongated and has multiple mounting slots arranged at intervals along the axial direction. Each mounting slot is provided with a circulating raceway body, and the circulating raceway body is provided with a circulating raceway inside. Each circulating raceway body and the rollers inside it form a rolling support unit. Multiple rolling support units are distributed at intervals along the axial direction and make rolling contact with the corresponding tangential surface. The rollers are cylindrical, and their axial direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide post. The rollers rotate in the circulating raceway and circulate along the circulating raceway.

[0017] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the cross-section is a plane, and is evenly or unevenly distributed along the circumference of the guide post; the guide post has an upper column with a larger diameter and a lower column with a smaller diameter, and an annular step surface is formed between the upper column and the lower column; the cross-section is set on the outer peripheral wall of the lower column; and the guide sleeve is fitted on the outside of the lower column.

[0018] Furthermore, this application also proposes that a guide seat is fixedly provided at the end of the guide sleeve, the guide seat having an inner cavity for accommodating the upper section of the guide post and allowing the guide post to move axially up and down in the inner cavity; a limiting structure is provided on the guide seat, the limiting structure cooperating with the annular step surface to limit the maximum stroke of the guide post moving downward; the limiting structure is an annular retaining ring, the retaining wall being fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular opening at the lower end of the guide seat.

[0019] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the guide structure is a combined guide structure, which further includes a copper sleeve fixedly disposed within the guide sleeve, the copper sleeve slidingly engaging with the guide post; the rolling assembly includes a guide sleeve body, a cage and multiple balls, the guide sleeve body is fixed within the guide sleeve and located below the copper sleeve, an annular gap is formed between the guide sleeve body and the guide post, the cage is slidably disposed within the annular gap along the axial direction, and multiple balls are mounted on the cage, with the outer circumferential surface of each ball making rolling contact with the inner wall of the guide sleeve body and the outer wall of the guide post respectively.

[0020] Furthermore, this application proposes that the upper end of the copper sleeve has a flange extending radially outward, the flange being mounted on the cavity end face of the guide sleeve; a cap is fixedly provided at the end of the guide sleeve, the cap pressing against the upper surface of the flange to restrict the axial displacement of the copper sleeve and the rolling assembly; sealing rings are provided between the upper end of the copper sleeve and the inner wall of the cavity of the guide sleeve, and between the upper end of the copper sleeve and the guide post, the cap pressing the sealing rings into the sealing cavity opened at the upper end of the copper sleeve; a baffle is provided at the lower end of the mounting cavity of the guide sleeve, the lower end of the guide sleeve abuts against the baffle, and the retainer and its balls are located between the baffle and the lower end face of the copper sleeve and can slide axially.

[0021] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the copper sleeve has an oil hole connecting its inner and outer walls, and the guide sleeve has an oil inlet hole and an oil return hole, which are respectively connected to the oil hole of the copper sleeve. The oil inlet hole and the oil return hole are located at different positions in the axial direction of the copper sleeve to form a lubricating oil circulation path.

[0022] Preferably, the silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material uses ZAlSi12 cast aluminum alloy as the matrix and adds silicon carbide particles with a volume fraction of 20%.

[0023] As can be seen from the above, the lightweight high-precision punch press slide guide system provided in this application includes an integrally formed slide made of silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material, a guide structure including guide posts, guide sleeves and rolling components, and an oil cooling channel directly below the main rib of the slide. By reducing weight through lightweight materials, reducing friction through rolling guidance, and suppressing thermal deformation through optimized cooling paths, it effectively solves the problem of high slide inertia and thermal deformation leading to decreased precision in high-speed punching. It has the advantages of reducing weight, reducing inertia, improving cooling efficiency, and improving guiding accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a lightweight, high-precision punch press slide guide system provided in this application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal sectional view of a lightweight, high-precision punch press slide guide system provided in this application.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the slider provided in this application.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a high-precision guide structure.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the guide post and cage in a high-precision guide structure.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an adjustable travel guide structure.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the guide sleeve and rolling assembly for an adjustable stroke guide structure.

[0031] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a rolling assembly for an adjustable stroke guide structure.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the combined guide structure. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this application, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] Traditional punch press slides are often made of heavy materials, resulting in large mass and high inertia, which limits the increase in stamping speed. Furthermore, during high-speed continuous stamping, the heat transferred from the die can easily cause thermal deformation of the slide, thus affecting stamping accuracy. Existing cooling solutions often suffer from insufficient cooling efficiency, dead zones in coolant flow, and fail to effectively address the need for lightweight slides. The guide structure also has limitations in load-bearing capacity or precision.

[0036] like Figure 1-9 As shown, this application proposes a lightweight, high-precision punch press slide guide system. The system includes an integrally molded slide 1 made of silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material; a guide structure 2 disposed between the punch press frame 3 and the slide 1 for guiding the slide 1; the guide structure 2 includes a guide post 4, a guide sleeve 5, and a rolling assembly 6 disposed within the guide sleeve 5, the rolling assembly 6 making rolling contact with the guide post 4; and an oil cooling channel 7 disposed inside the slide 1 and opened directly below the main slide rib 8 of the slide 1, with both ends of the oil cooling channel 7 extending to the sides of the slide 1 and forming an oil inlet and an oil outlet, respectively.

[0037] For ease of understanding, the following explains some key terms in this embodiment:

[0038] Slider 1: Refers to the core component in a punch press that drives the stamping die in reciprocating motion. In this application, the slider 1 is designed as a one-piece molded structure and manufactured using silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material to achieve lightweighting. One-piece molding means that the overall structure of slider 1 is formed through processes such as one-time casting, forging, or additive manufacturing, avoiding the precision loss and structural weaknesses that may result from assembling multiple parts. Silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is chosen to reduce the overall weight of slider 1 due to its low density, high specific strength, and good thermal conductivity, thereby reducing the inertial force during high-speed motion.

[0039] Guide structure 2: This refers to the mechanism located between the punch press frame 3 and the slide block 1, used to constrain the movement trajectory of the slide block 1 and ensure its precise reciprocating movement in a predetermined direction. This guide structure 2 typically consists of a guide post 4, a guide sleeve 5, and a rolling assembly 6. The guide post 4 is usually fixed to the punch press frame 3 or the slide block 1, serving as a guiding reference; the guide sleeve 5 is fitted over the guide post 4 and connected to the slide block 1 or the frame; the rolling assembly 6 is located inside the guide sleeve 5 and rolls in contact with the surface of the guide post 4, replacing sliding friction with rolling friction to reduce motion resistance and improve guiding accuracy.

[0040] Oil cooling channel 7: This refers to the cooling system located inside the slider 1, used to remove the heat generated by the slider 1 during operation by circulating cooling oil. This oil cooling channel 7 is strategically located directly below the main rib 8 of the slider 1. The main rib 8 is a part of the slider 1 structure used to enhance rigidity and load-bearing capacity, and is also the main support part of the slider 1. Thermal expansion of the main rib 8 causes thermal expansion of the slider 1 body. The design of the oil cooling channel 7 allows the cooling oil to form a longer flow path in the heat concentration area, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. Both ends of the oil cooling channel 7 extend to the sides of the slider 1, forming an oil inlet and an oil outlet to facilitate the introduction and discharge of cooling oil, forming a closed or open circulating cooling system.

[0041] Specifically, slider 1 can be designed as a one-piece structure, where molten silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is injected into a mold cavity using a high-pressure die-casting process to form the complex geometry of slider 1 in one step. Another method is to use sand casting or investment casting to pour the molten silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material into shape. Alternatively, a single silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material blank can be milled using large CNC machining equipment to obtain a one-piece slider 1 structure. All these methods ensure the integrity and material uniformity of slider 1.

[0042] The guide structure 2 can be implemented in several ways. See the three implementation schemes described below for details.

[0043] The oil cooling channel 7 is designed to effectively control the heat of the slider 1. This circuit can be designed by creating one or more oil cooling channels 7 in a specific area inside the slider 1, such as the area at the bottom of the slider 1 where the mold is supported. Multiple oil cooling channels 7 below the main ribs can be connected via internal channels or external bends to increase the residence time of the cooling oil within the channels, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. The starting and ending ends of the oil cooling channel 7 are led out to the outer side of the slider 1, forming an oil inlet and an oil outlet, respectively. Cooling oil is pumped into the channel through the inlet, absorbs heat, and is discharged from the outlet, forming a simple cooling cycle. For example, the channel can be directly cast inside the slider 1 or formed through machining methods such as drilling or milling.

[0044] The lightweight, high-precision punch press slide guide system of this application utilizes a one-piece molded slide 1 made of silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. Because the density of silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is low, only one-third that of current alloy materials, the mass of the slide 1 is effectively reduced, thereby decreasing the inertial force during high-speed reciprocating motion and improving stamping speed. Simultaneously, the rolling assembly 6 in the guide structure 2 achieves precise guidance of the slide 1, improving motion stability. Furthermore, the oil cooling channel 7 located directly below the main slide rib 8 inside the slide 1 efficiently cools the heat-concentrated area, effectively suppressing thermal deformation of the slide 1 and thus ensuring the accuracy of the stamping process.

[0045] exist Figure 1-3 In the illustrated scheme, the slider 1 is a four-guide-post slider, which includes an integrally formed upper plate 11, a lower plate 12, and multiple slider main ribs 8 connecting the upper plate 11 and the lower plate 12. The lower plate 12 is used to install the stamping die, and the outer edge of the lower plate 12 extends beyond the outer edge of the upper plate 11. Mounting seats 13 for installing the guide posts 4 are provided at the four corners of the extended portion of the lower plate 12. The two ends of the slider main ribs 8 extend to connect with the mounting seats 13.

[0046] Specifically, the slider 1 is designed as a four-guide-post slider, meaning that the slider 1 is guided by four guide posts 4. This configuration provides balanced support and guiding force, effectively resisting the eccentric load and overturning moment that may occur during the stamping process, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the slider 1's movement. The internal structure of the slider 1 includes an integrally formed upper plate 11, a lower plate 12, and multiple slider main ribs 8 connecting the two. The integral molding process ensures the integrity and high strength of the slider 1 structure, reducing potential weaknesses caused by connecting parts. The upper plate 11 and the lower plate 12 constitute the main load-bearing surface of the slider 1, while the slider main ribs 8 serve as the internal skeleton, significantly improving the bending and torsional stiffness of the slider 1 and effectively suppressing deformation under high-speed, high-load stamping operations. These slider main ribs 8 can be designed as solid ribs, hollow cavities, or grid structures to optimize the lightweight effect while meeting stiffness requirements. The lower plate 12 is specifically designed for mounting stamping dies, therefore its surface needs sufficient flatness and strength, and it typically has pre-drilled standard die mounting holes or T-slots to ensure that the die can be installed securely and accurately. The outer edge of the lower plate 12 extends beyond the outer edge of the upper plate 11, and this geometric design provides a wider mounting base for the guide system of the slider 1. At the four corners of the extended portion of the lower plate 12, mounting seats 13 for mounting guide pillars 4 are provided. These mounting seats 13 are typically precision-machined holes or sleeves used to precisely fix the guide pillars 4, ensuring accurate alignment between the guide pillars 4 and the slider 1. Placing the mounting seats 13 at the four corners of the lower plate 12 maximizes the span between the guide pillars 4, further enhancing the stability of the guide system. In addition, the two ends of the multiple slider main ribs 8 extend to and connect with the mounting base 13. This structural connection method ensures that the load borne by the guide system can be efficiently and directly transmitted to the internal slider main rib structure 8 of the slider 1, thereby dispersing the stress evenly, avoiding local stress concentration, and further improving the overall structural rigidity and durability of the slider 1.

[0047] Through the above technical solution, the slider 1 is designed as a four-guide-pillar slider, and adopts an integrally formed upper plate 11, lower plate 12, and multiple slider main ribs 8, which significantly improves the overall rigidity and deformation resistance of the slider 1. The design of the outer edge of the lower plate 12 extending beyond the outer edge of the upper plate 11 provides a wide mounting base for the guide pillar mounting seat 13, allowing the guide pillars 4 to be arranged at wider intervals, thereby effectively resisting the overturning moment generated during the stamping process and ensuring the smoothness and high precision of the slider 1's movement. The slider main ribs 8 extend directly to the guide pillar mounting seat 13, ensuring that the guiding load can be efficiently transferred to the main structure of the slider 1, further strengthening the local and overall rigidity of the slider 1, and avoiding stress concentration and deformation at the guiding points. This structural optimization, while maintaining the lightweight advantages of silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite materials, greatly enhances the load-bearing capacity and guiding accuracy of the slider 1, providing a solid foundation for the stable operation of the stamping die.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, the silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material used in the slider 1 of this application specifically uses ZAlSi12 cast aluminum alloy as the matrix, and uniformly disperses silicon carbide particles with a volume fraction of 20% as the reinforcing phase in the matrix. ZAlSi12 is a typical eutectic aluminum-silicon casting alloy with good fluidity, casting performance, and thermal conductivity. Silicon carbide particles have high hardness, high elastic modulus, and low coefficient of thermal expansion. When uniformly distributed in the aluminum alloy matrix, they can significantly improve the overall stiffness, wear resistance, and dimensional stability of the composite material, while suppressing the plastic deformation of the matrix under thermal load.

[0049] Tests have verified that the density of this composite material is only 2.77 g / cm³, approximately one-third that of traditional cast iron, significantly reducing the weight of the slider 1 and thus decreasing the inertial forces and impact vibrations generated during high-speed reciprocating motion. Simultaneously, the reinforcing effect of the silicon carbide particles makes the tensile strength and yield strength of the composite material comparable to cast iron HT350, while its elastic modulus is significantly higher than that of unreinforced cast aluminum alloy, effectively improving the slider 1's resistance to bending deformation under stamping loads. Combined with the oil cooling channel 7 located directly below the main rib 8 of the slider, the high thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy matrix rapidly conducts heat transferred from the mold to the cooling medium, while the low thermal expansion characteristics of the silicon carbide particles suppress dimensional changes in the slider 1 caused by temperature rise, thus synergistically ensuring the high-precision operation of the guiding system under thermo-mechanical coupling conditions.

[0050] It should be noted that the above-mentioned specific material composition with ZAlSi12 as the matrix and 20 vol% silicon carbide particles is only a preferred example of silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. Within the scope of the technical concept of this application, the matrix alloy grade, the type or volume fraction of the reinforcing phase can also be adjusted according to the actual working conditions. For example, other cast aluminum alloys or wrought aluminum alloys can be used as the matrix, alumina or silicon nitride particles can be selected as the reinforcing phase, and the volume fraction of the reinforcing phase can be adjusted within the range of 10% to 30%. As long as the technical effect of achieving both lightweight and high rigidity can be achieved, it falls within the protection scope of this application.

[0051] like Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the oil cooling channel 7 is located above the lower plate 12 and directly below each slider main rib 8, and the oil cooling channel 7 is arranged along the length direction of the slider main rib 8. Specifically, placing the oil cooling channel 7 above the lower plate 12 and directly below each slider main rib 8 clarifies the precise spatial position of the oil cooling channel 7 inside the slider 1. The lower plate 12 is a component used to install the stamping die, which will bear huge impact loads and generate a large amount of heat during the stamping process. The slider main rib 8 connects the upper plate 11 and the lower plate 12 and is the main force transmission structure, while also conducting heat. Arranging the cooling channel close to the main heat source and heat transfer path can more directly and efficiently absorb and remove heat. In specific implementation, these channels can be reserved or formed above the lower plate 12 and below the slider main rib 8 through casting, additive manufacturing, or other processes when the slider 1 is integrally formed. Alternatively, after the slider 1 is processed, these channels can be opened at designated locations through precision drilling, milling, or other methods. The cross-sectional shape of these channels can be optimized for fluid flow by designing circular, rectangular, or other shapes that are conducive to fluid flow.

[0052] Meanwhile, the oil cooling channel 7 is arranged along the length direction of the main slider rib 8, defining the direction of the oil cooling channel 7. The main slider rib 8 typically extends along the long side of the slider 1, bearing and distributing the impact force. Arranging the oil cooling channel 7 along its length ensures that the coolant flows through the entire area of ​​the main slider rib 8, achieving comprehensive cooling of the main slider rib 8 and its surrounding area. This helps maintain the structural stability of the main slider rib 8 and prevents deformation due to localized overheating. In specific implementations, the oil cooling channel 7 can be one or more channels parallel or approximately parallel to the main slider rib 8. These channels can be designed as straight lines and connected via internal channels or external bends to create a loop, increasing the contact area and time between the coolant and the slider material, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. During integral molding or processing, it is necessary to ensure that the direction of the channel is consistent with the length direction of the main slider rib 8.

[0053] Through the above technical solution, the oil cooling channel 7 is precisely positioned above the lower plate 12 and directly below each main slide rib 8, extending along the length of the main slide rib 8. This allows the coolant to act more directly and evenly on the main stress areas and heat source areas of the slide 1. This enables the heat generated by the stamping die during operation to be quickly and effectively absorbed and carried away, avoiding localized heat accumulation in the lower plate 12 and the main slide rib 8 areas. Because heat is effectively controlled, the overall temperature distribution of the slide 1 is more uniform, reducing the decrease in accuracy caused by thermal deformation, thus ensuring the high-precision operation of the press slide guide system. Furthermore, effective cooling of the main slide rib 8 also helps maintain its structural rigidity and extends the service life of the slide 1.

[0054] In the specific design, the oil cooling channel 7 is a unidirectional oil path, with its inlet and outlet located at opposite ends of the main slider rib 8. When the oil cooling channel 7 is designed as a unidirectional oil path, its inlet and outlet are respectively located at opposite ends of the main slider rib 8. This design allows the coolant to flow along the entire length of the main slider rib 8 in one continuous flow, forming a direct and continuous cooling path. The coolant enters from one end, absorbs heat, and exits from the other end, ensuring effective heat removal along the length of the main slider rib 8. This unidirectional flow path is relatively simple, easy to manufacture and maintain, and suitable for scenarios requiring moderate cooling uniformity and rapid heat removal.

[0055] In another embodiment, the oil cooling channel 7 is a meandering oil path, with its inlet and outlet located on the same or different sides of the slider 1. The oil path 16 meanders back and forth directly below the main rib 8 of the slider. When the oil cooling channel 7 is designed as a meandering oil path, its oil path 16 presents a "back and forth" path directly below the main rib 8 of the slider. This meandering design significantly increases the residence time of the coolant inside the slider 1 and the heat exchange area. The coolant flows back and forth multiple times within the same area, enabling more efficient absorption of heat in that area. The inlet and outlet of the meandering oil path can be located on the same or different sides of the slider 1 according to the actual structural layout and cooling requirements, which provides greater flexibility for system integration. For example, setting the inlet and outlet on the same side simplifies external piping connections, while setting them on different sides may optimize the internal fluid distribution.

[0056] Through the above technical solutions, whether using a unidirectional or circuitous oil path, precise control of the coolant flow path within the oil-cooling channel 7 can be achieved. The unidirectional oil path, with its direct and efficient characteristics, ensures rapid heat dissipation along the main rib 8 of the slide block. The circuitous oil path, by extending the effective contact distance and time of the coolant, significantly improves heat exchange efficiency and cooling uniformity, effectively preventing localized overheating of the slide block 1 during prolonged or high-intensity stamping operations. This precise cooling path design effectively controls the temperature of the slide block 1, reduces thermal deformation, thereby ensuring high precision and stability of the press slide block guiding system during operation, extending the service life of the equipment, and ensuring consistent quality of stamped products.

[0057] In the high-precision, high-load operating environment of a punch press, traditional rolling contact guide structures may suffer from insufficient contact area, stress concentration, or difficulty in further improving guide accuracy, thereby affecting the smoothness of the movement of the slider 1 and the processing quality of the stamped parts.

[0058] like Figure 4-6 In the first and second embodiments shown, the outer wall of the guide post 4 is provided with multiple axially extending cross-sections 17, and the rolling assembly 6 includes multiple rollers 18. Each roller 18 corresponds to and rolls in contact with one cross-section 17 of the guide post 4 to achieve high-precision rolling guidance. Specifically, the outer wall of the guide post 4 is provided with multiple axially extending cross-sections 17. These cross-sections 17 are not simple planes, but planar regions with specific geometric shapes formed by precision machining, extending along the axial direction of the guide post 4. These cross-sections 17 can be formed on the cylindrical base of the guide post 4 by high-precision milling, grinding, or wire cutting processes. Their number, width, depth, and circumferential distribution can be optimized according to actual load-bearing requirements and guiding accuracy requirements. For example, the cross-sections 17 can be evenly distributed to provide balanced support, or they can be non-uniformly distributed according to the force characteristics of the slider 1 during the stamping process to cope with specific off-center load conditions. The introduction of the cross-sections 17 fundamentally changes the contact geometry between the guide post 4 and the rolling assembly 6, laying the foundation for achieving more stable line contact or surface contact.

[0059] Meanwhile, the rolling assembly 6 includes multiple rollers 18. These rollers 18 are typically made of high-hardness, high-wear-resistant bearing steel, and their surfaces are ultra-precision ground to ensure that their geometric accuracy and surface roughness meet the requirements of high-precision guidance. The dimensions (diameter and length) of the rollers 18 are precisely selected based on the load-bearing capacity of the guiding system, space constraints, and the fit requirements with the guide post cross-section 17. Each roller 18 corresponds to and rolls in contact with one cross-section 17 of the guide post 4. Specifically, the cylindrical outer surface of the roller 18 forms a line contact with the planar cross-section 17 of the guide post 4. To achieve this stable line contact, the axial direction of the roller 18 is typically designed to be perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide post 4. This contact method requires precise fit and assembly of the guide post cross-section 17, the rollers 18, and the internal structure of the guide sleeve 5 (such as the cage 19 or the circulating raceway 22) to ensure that the rollers 18 can roll stably and smoothly on the cross-section 17 and maintain their correct posture and spacing.

[0060] By providing multiple axially extending cut surfaces 17 on the outer wall of the guide post 4, and having multiple rollers 18 in the rolling assembly 6 correspond to and roll in contact with these cut surfaces 17, this application effectively transforms traditional point or line contact into a more stable and load-bearing line contact. This design significantly increases the effective contact area between the guide post 4 and the rolling assembly 6, thereby dispersing the stress acting on the guide structure 2, reducing local stress concentration, and effectively avoiding early fatigue failure that may occur in traditional rolling guide structures under local high stress. Simultaneously, the precise fit between the rollers 18 and the cut surfaces 17 greatly reduces the guide clearance and improves the overall rigidity of the guide system 2. This enables the slider 1 to maintain an extremely precise vertical motion trajectory during high-speed, high-load stamping processes, effectively suppressing radial wobble and tilting of the slider 1, thereby significantly improving the processing accuracy of the stamped parts and the service life of the mold, and overcoming the limitations of traditional rolling guide structures in terms of accuracy and load-bearing capacity.

[0061] like Figure 4 and 5 In the first embodiment shown, this application further proposes that the guide structure 2 is a high-precision guide structure, and the rolling assembly 6 also includes a retainer 19, which is axially movable within the guide sleeve 5, and a plurality of rollers 18 are mounted on the retainer 19; the retainer 19 is provided with a plurality of pockets 20, and the plurality of rollers 18 are respectively mounted in the pockets 20; the retainer 19 is an annular sleeve structure, and the cross-sectional shape of its inner cavity is adapted to the outer periphery of the section of the guide post 4 with the cross-section 17; the rollers 18 are cylindrical, and their axial direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide post 4.

[0062] Specifically, the guide structure 2 is designed as a high-precision guide structure, aiming to achieve extremely high motion accuracy and positioning precision. A cage 19 is introduced into the rolling assembly 6, whose main function is to space and fix multiple rollers 18, preventing them from contacting and rubbing against each other, and ensuring that the rollers 18 maintain the correct spacing and arrangement during operation. The cage 19 is axially movable within the guide sleeve 5, meaning that the cage 19 can move freely within the inner cavity of the guide sleeve 5 along the axis of the guide post 4, thereby ensuring that the rollers 18 always maintain effective rolling contact with the tangential surface 17 of the guide post 4. Multiple rollers 18 are precisely mounted on the cage 19, which has multiple pockets 20, each pocket 20 for accommodating one roller 18, ensuring that the rollers 18 are effectively constrained in a predetermined position, preventing them from scattering or falling off. The cage 19 has an overall annular sleeve structure, which can be completely fitted around the guide post 4. The cross-sectional shape of its inner cavity is adapted to the outer periphery of the section of the guide post 4 with the cross-section 17. This tight fit ensures that the cage 19 can accurately position the relative position between the roller 18 and the cross-section 17 of the guide post. In addition, the roller 18 is cylindrical, and its axial direction is precisely controlled to be perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide post 4, so that the roller 18 can make rolling contact with the cross-section 17 of the guide post 4 with its circumferential surface, converting sliding friction into rolling friction.

[0063] Through the above technical solution, a cage 19 is introduced and designed as a ring-shaped sleeve structure. The cross-sectional shape of its inner cavity is adapted to the outer periphery of the section of the guide post 4 with the cross-section 17. This design allows multiple cylindrical rollers 18 to be precisely installed in the pockets 20 of the cage 19, ensuring that the axial direction of the rollers 18 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide post 4. The cage 19 effectively solves the problems of roller 18 scattering, displacement, or uneven force distribution within the guide sleeve 5, ensuring that the rollers 18 and the cross-section 17 of the guide post always maintain stable, uniform, and high-precision rolling contact. The precise arrangement and stable support of the rollers 18 significantly reduce frictional resistance during the guiding process, reduce wear, and improve the smoothness of the slider 1's movement and positioning accuracy, thereby achieving more reliable and durable high-precision guidance and effectively improving the working efficiency and processing quality of the punch press.

[0064] like Figure 6-8In the second embodiment shown, the guide structure 2 is an adjustable stroke guide structure. This guide structure aims to provide flexible stroke adjustment capability, enabling the punch press slide 1 to maintain stable guiding accuracy at different working heights and stroke lengths. Its implementation typically involves the continuous or expandable design of the guide element to accommodate the guiding needs of the slide 1 throughout its entire range of motion. Simultaneously, the rolling assembly 6 also includes a base 21, which is fixedly disposed within the guide sleeve 5. The base 21, as a support structure for the rolling assembly 6, is fixed within the guide sleeve 5, providing a stable mounting platform for the cyclic movement of the rollers 18. The base 21 is typically made of high-strength material to withstand the impacts and vibrations generated during the stamping process, ensuring the overall rigidity and stability of the rolling assembly 6. A circulating raceway 22 is provided on the base 21, and the plurality of rollers 18 are mounted within the circulating raceway 22 and can circulate along the circulating raceway 22. The circulating raceway 22 is a key structure for achieving continuous rolling and circulation of the rollers 18. The rollers 18 not only rotate on their own axis within the circulating raceway 22, but also revolve along the raceway, ensuring that new rollers 18 constantly enter the force-bearing area during the movement of the slider 1, maintaining continuous rolling contact. The shape and size of the circulating raceway 22 must precisely match the rollers 18 to ensure the smoothness of the rollers 18's movement and guiding accuracy. The base 21 is elongated, with multiple mounting slots 23 spaced axially on it. Each mounting slot 23 contains a circulating raceway body 24, and the circulating raceway 22 is located inside the circulating raceway body 24. Each circulating raceway body 24 and the rollers 18 within it form a rolling support unit 25. Multiple rolling support units 25 are spaced axially and collectively roll in contact with the corresponding cut surface 17. This design modularizes the entire rolling guide system. The elongated base 21 extends axially along the guide post 4, and the mounting slots 23 on it provide precise positioning for the independent circulating raceway bodies 24. Each circulating raceway 24 serves as an independent rolling support unit 25, containing a circulating raceway 22 and rollers 18, capable of independently rolling contact with the cross-section 17 of the guide post 4. This modular and distributed layout helps to distribute loads, improve the system's load-bearing capacity and resistance to eccentric loads, while simplifying manufacturing and maintenance. The rollers 18 are cylindrical, with their axial direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide post 4. The rollers 18 rotate within the circulating raceway 22 while simultaneously circulating along it. Cylindrical rollers 18, due to their large contact area and load-bearing capacity, are commonly used for high-precision, heavy-duty guidance. Their axis perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide post 4 ensures line contact between the rollers 18 and the cross-section 17 of the guide post, thus providing high rigidity and high-precision guidance. The rotation and circulating movement of the rollers 18 within the circulating raceway 22 together ensure the continuity and uniformity of the rolling contact, effectively preventing the rollers 18 from disengaging at the end of their stroke or experiencing localized wear.

[0065] Through the above technical solution, the guide structure 2 is designed as an adjustable stroke guide structure, which can adapt to the working requirements of the punch press slide 1 under different stroke lengths. The base 21 is fixedly set inside the guide sleeve 5, providing solid support for the rolling assembly 6. More importantly, the circulating raceway 22 set on the base 21 allows multiple rollers 18 to circulate and roll within it, ensuring that the rollers 18 always maintain stable rolling contact with the guide post tangent 17 throughout the entire stroke of the slide 1, effectively avoiding the problems of rollers 18 disengaging from contact or local wear that may occur in traditional rolling guides. Multiple mounting slots 23 arranged axially at intervals on the elongated base 21, and the rolling support unit 25 formed by the circulating raceway body 24 and the rollers 18 set in each mounting slot 23, realize the modularization and distributed load bearing of the guide system. Multiple rolling support units 25 are distributed axially at intervals and jointly roll contact with the corresponding tangent 17, which not only improves the overall load bearing capacity and anti-eccentric load capacity of the system, but also makes the load evenly distributed, thereby significantly improving the guiding accuracy and system life. The axis of the cylindrical roller 18 is perpendicular to the axis of the guide post 4, ensuring high rigidity line contact. Combined with the rotation and cyclic movement of the roller 18 in the circulating raceway 22, it further ensures the continuity and uniformity of rolling contact, so that the punch press slide 1 always maintains high precision and high stability guiding performance within the adjustable stroke range.

[0066] In both of the above schemes, the cut surface 17 is designed as a plane, which can be evenly or unevenly distributed along the circumference of the guide post 4. Designing the cut surface 17 as a plane ensures a stable and high-precision line or surface contact between the rolling assembly 6 and the guide post 4, thereby effectively transferring loads and reducing local stress concentration. The evenly distributed cut surfaces 17 help achieve balanced load distribution and symmetrical guidance, while the uneven distribution can be optimized according to specific load or space requirements. Simultaneously, the guide post 4 has a larger diameter upper column 26 and a smaller diameter lower column 27, wherein an annular stepped surface 28 is formed between the upper column 26 and the lower column 27. This stepped design allows the guide post 4 to have different functions and strengths in different areas. The larger diameter upper column 26 can provide stronger structural support or serve as an installation reference for other components, while the smaller diameter lower column 27 focuses on high-precision guiding functions. The annular stepped surface 28 provides a precise axial positioning reference for the assembly of the guiding system. Specifically, the cut surface 17 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the lower column 27, and the guide sleeve 5 is sleeved on the outside of the lower column 27. This configuration ensures that the guide sleeve 5 and the lower column 27 of the guide post 4 fit tightly together, enabling the rolling assembly 6 to achieve precise rolling guidance in this area, concentrating the high-precision guiding function in the structurally optimized area.

[0067] Through the above technical solution, the cut surface 17 is designed as a plane and set on the outer peripheral wall of the lower column 27 with a smaller diameter, and the guide sleeve 5 is fitted onto the outside of the lower column 27. This application can ensure a stable and high-precision rolling contact between the rolling assembly 6 and the guide post 4. The stepped design of the guide post 4, that is, having an upper column 26 with a larger diameter and a lower column 27 with a smaller diameter, and an annular step surface 28 formed between them, not only enhances the overall structural rigidity of the guide post 4, but also provides a clear benchmark for the assembly and axial positioning of the guiding system. This structure concentrates the high-precision guiding function in the lower column 27, optimizes the load distribution, effectively reduces local stress, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and stability of the slider 1 guidance and extending the service life of the guiding system.

[0068] Furthermore, in both of the above schemes, the end of the guide sleeve 5 is fixedly provided with a guide seat 29. The guide seat 29 has an inner cavity for accommodating the upper section 26 of the guide post 4 and allowing the guide post 4 to move up and down axially within the inner cavity. A limiting structure 30 is provided on the guide seat 29. The limiting structure 30 cooperates with the annular step surface 28 to limit the maximum downward stroke of the guide post 4. The limiting structure 30 is an annular retaining ring, and the retaining ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular opening at the lower end of the guide seat 29.

[0069] Specifically, the guide seat 29 is a component fixed to the end of the guide sleeve 5, and its internal cavity is designed. The size and shape of this cavity match the upper section 26 of the guide post 4, allowing the upper section 26 to be accommodated and enabling the guide post 4 to perform smooth axial reciprocating motion within the cavity. The function of the guide seat 29 is to provide additional support and guidance for the guide post 4, especially at the end of the guide post 4's stroke, helping to maintain the stability of the guide post 4 and providing a mounting base for the subsequent limiting structure 30. The guide seat 29 can be made of various materials, such as high-strength steel, cast iron, or engineering plastics, depending on the working environment and precision requirements of the punch press. It can be fixed to the end of the guide sleeve 5 by bolting, interference fit, or welding. The limiting structure 30 is a key component set on the guide seat 29, and its main function is to interact with the annular stepped surface 28 on the guide post 4, thereby precisely controlling and limiting the maximum downward movement distance of the guide post 4. When the guide post 4 moves downward to the preset position, the annular stepped surface 28 contacts the limiting structure 30, preventing the guide post 4 from continuing to descend. This engagement ensures that the press slide 1 does not exceed the safe or design-permitted stroke range during operation, thus protecting the mold and press mechanism from overload or collision damage. The design of the limiting structure 30 needs to consider its strength, wear resistance, and contact method with the annular stepped surface 28 to ensure long-term reliability. The annular retaining ring is a specific implementation of the limiting structure 30. It is designed in a ring shape and precisely fixed on the inner wall of the annular opening at the lower end of the guide seat 29. When the guide post 4 moves downward, its annular stepped surface 28 contacts the upper surface of the annular retaining ring, thereby effectively limiting the downward stroke of the guide post 4. The annular retaining ring can be installed by threaded connection, snap ring fixing, interference fit, or welding, ensuring that it remains stable under impact loads. The material of the retaining wall is usually a high-strength, wear-resistant metal, such as alloy steel, to resist wear and deformation during long-term operation. This structure is simple, reliable, easy to manufacture and maintain, and can provide precise stroke control.

[0070] Through the above technical solution, a guide seat 29 is fixedly installed at the end of the guide sleeve 5, and the inner cavity of the guide seat 29 accommodates the upper section 26 of the guide post 4, providing additional stable support for the axial movement of the guide post 4. More importantly, by setting a limiting structure 30 on the guide seat 29 and precisely matching it with the annular stepped surface 28 of the guide post 4, the maximum downward stroke of the guide post 4 can be effectively limited. Specifically, an annular retaining ring is used as the limiting structure 30 and fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular opening at the lower end of the guide seat 29, so that when the guide post 4 moves downward, its annular stepped surface 28 can reliably abut against the retaining wall, thereby precisely controlling the bottom dead center position of the slide block 1. This not only avoids mechanical interference or mold damage that may be caused by the guide post 4 descending excessively, but also significantly improves the operational stability and safety of the punch press slide guide system, simplifies the stroke adjustment and maintenance process, and ensures the consistency and precision of the stamped products.

[0071] like Figure 9 In the third embodiment shown, the guide structure 2 is a combined guide structure, specifically including a copper sleeve 32 fixedly disposed within the guide sleeve 5, the copper sleeve 32 being slidably engaged with the guide post 4. Furthermore, the rolling assembly 6 includes a guide sleeve body 33, a retainer 19, and a plurality of balls 34. The guide sleeve body 33 is fixed within the guide sleeve 5 and located below the copper sleeve 32. An annular gap 35 is formed between the guide sleeve body 33 and the guide post 4. The retainer 19 is slidably disposed within the annular gap 35 along the axial direction. The plurality of balls 34 are mounted on the retainer 19, and the outer peripheral surface of each ball 34 makes rolling contact with the inner wall of the guide sleeve body 33 and the outer wall of the guide post 4, respectively.

[0072] Specifically, the combined guide structure aims to combine two or more different guiding methods to leverage their respective advantages, compensate for the shortcomings of a single guiding method, and thus optimize the overall performance of the system. The copper sleeve 32, typically made of copper alloy, possesses excellent wear resistance, friction reduction, and thermal conductivity. It is fixedly installed within the guide sleeve 5 and primarily provides sliding support. The inner surface of the copper sleeve 32 and the outer surface of the guide post 4 achieve guidance through direct contact and relative sliding. This sliding fit provides a certain damping effect, effectively absorbing impact energy and suppressing vibration, ensuring smooth operation.

[0073] Meanwhile, the rolling assembly 6 is the core component for achieving rolling guidance. The guide sleeve 33, as the external support structure of the rolling assembly 6, is typically fixed inside the main guide sleeve 5, and its inner wall provides raceways for the balls 34. The retainer 19 is used to space and fix the multiple balls 34, preventing them from contacting and rubbing against each other, and ensuring that the balls 34 maintain the correct spacing and arrangement during movement. The multiple balls 34 are typically made of high-hardness steel, achieving low-friction movement through rolling friction, thereby providing high-precision guidance. The guide sleeve 33 is fixed inside the guide sleeve 5 and located below the copper sleeve 32. This layered design allows the guide post 4 to first slide against the copper sleeve 32 when entering the guide sleeve 5, and then roll against the rolling assembly 6 below, thus optimizing the functional allocation of different guiding methods. An annular gap 35 is formed between the guide sleeve 33 and the guide post 4, providing movement space for the balls 34, ensuring that the balls 34 can roll freely inside and maintain proper contact with the surfaces of the guide sleeve 33 and the guide post 4. The retainer 19 moves along the axial direction of the guide post 4 within the annular gap 35, causing the balls 34 to move together. This axial sliding capability ensures that the rolling assembly 6 can adapt to the entire stroke of the guide post 4 and maintain the correct position of the balls 34. The plurality of balls 34 are precisely installed in the pockets or grooves of the retainer 19 to ensure that they do not fall off or become misaligned during movement and remain evenly distributed. Each ball 34 makes rolling contact with the inner wall of the guide sleeve 33 and the outer wall of the guide post 4 through its outer peripheral surface, converting sliding friction into rolling friction, thereby significantly reducing frictional resistance and achieving smooth and high-precision axial movement.

[0074] Through the above technical solution, the combined guide structure of this application can effectively balance the requirements of the punch press slide guide system for high precision, low friction, impact resistance, and damping performance. Specifically, the sliding fit between the copper sleeve 32, which is fixedly set inside the guide sleeve 5, and the guide post 4 provides good damping effect and impact resistance, effectively absorbing the impact load and lateral force generated during the stamping process, reducing vibration, thereby protecting precision components and extending system life. At the same time, the rolling assembly 6 located below the copper sleeve 32 has multiple balls 34 mounted on the cage 19, which roll in contact within the annular gap 35 formed between the guide sleeve body 33 and the guide post 4, ensuring that the slide 1 has extremely low frictional resistance when moving axially and maintaining high-precision guiding performance. This hybrid guiding method enables the slide 1 to maintain a smooth and precise motion trajectory during high-speed, high-load stamping operations, while effectively suppressing vibration and impact, significantly improving the overall working stability and machining accuracy of the punch press.

[0075] In a further embodiment, the upper end of the copper sleeve 32 has a flange 36 extending radially outward, which is mounted on the cavity end face of the guide sleeve 5; a cap 37 is fixedly provided at the end of the guide sleeve 5, which is pressed against the upper surface of the flange 36 to restrict the axial displacement of the copper sleeve 32 and the rolling assembly 6; a sealing ring 38 is provided between the upper end of the copper sleeve 32 and the inner wall of the cavity of the guide sleeve 5, and between the upper end of the copper sleeve 32 and the guide post 4, and the cap 37 presses the sealing ring 38 into the sealing cavity opened at the upper end of the copper sleeve 32; a baffle 40 is provided at the lower end of the mounting cavity of the guide sleeve 5, and the lower end of the guide sleeve body 33 abuts against the baffle 40; the retainer 19 and the ball bearings 34 thereon are located between the baffle 40 and the lower end face of the copper sleeve 32, and can slide axially. Specifically, the upper end of the copper sleeve 32 can be integrally formed or connected in other ways to form a radially outwardly extending flange 36. The function of this flange 36 is to provide an axial support surface for the copper sleeve 32, allowing it to be stably mounted on the cavity end face of the guide sleeve 5. This design enables the copper sleeve 32 to achieve initial axial positioning within the guide sleeve 5 and to withstand axial loads from above, ensuring its accurate and reliable initial installation position within the guide sleeve 5.

[0076] Based on this, a cover 37 is fixedly provided at the end of the guide sleeve 5. This cover 37 is typically fixed to the end of the guide sleeve 5 by bolts, threaded connections, or other fastening methods. When the cover 37 is fixed, its lower surface is tightly pressed against the upper surface of the flange 36 of the copper sleeve 32. This pressing action not only further fixes the axial position of the copper sleeve 32, but also, through the transmission of the copper sleeve 32, indirectly or directly restricts the overall axial displacement of the rolling assembly 6 located below it. The cover 37 ensures the axial tightness and stability of the entire guide assembly, preventing loosening or displacement of components due to vibration or impact during press operation.

[0077] Meanwhile, to achieve effective sealing, sealing rings 38 are provided between the upper end of the copper sleeve 32 and the inner wall of the cavity of the guide sleeve 5, and between the upper end of the copper sleeve 32 and the guide post 4. These sealing rings 38 are typically O-rings, oil seals, or other elastic seals. The sealing cavity at the upper end of the copper sleeve 32 provides space for these sealing rings 38. When the cover 37 is pressed onto the flange 36, it simultaneously presses these sealing rings 38 into the sealing cavity, making them fit tightly and forming an effective sealing barrier. This double sealing design can effectively prevent lubricating oil from leaking from the upper end of the guide structure 2, while preventing external dust, chips, and other contaminants from entering the interior of the guide structure 2, thereby protecting the guide components and extending their service life.

[0078] Furthermore, a baffle 40 is provided at the lower end of the mounting cavity of the guide sleeve 5. This baffle 40 is typically an annular structure and is installed at the lower end of the mounting cavity of the guide sleeve 5 by means of a snap ring, threads, or other fixing methods. The lower end face of the guide sleeve body 33 abuts against this baffle 40, thereby positioning and supporting the guide sleeve body 33 axially. In this way, the retainer 19 and its balls 34 are confined within the axial space formed by the baffle 40 and the lower end face of the copper sleeve 32. This structure ensures the correct axial position of the rolling assembly 6 within the guide sleeve 5, while allowing the retainer 19 and its balls 34 to slide axially within a defined range to achieve the rolling guidance function.

[0079] Through the above technical solution, the axial positioning and sealing problems of the copper sleeve 32 and the rolling assembly 6 in the guide structure 2 are effectively solved. Specifically, the radially extending flange 36 at the upper end of the copper sleeve 32 mates with the end face of the cavity of the guide sleeve 5 and is pressed by the cap 37, achieving reliable axial fixation of the copper sleeve 32. At the same time, the cap 37 forms a double seal between the copper sleeve 32 and the inner wall of the guide sleeve 5, and between the copper sleeve 32 and the guide post 4, by pressing the sealing ring 38 into the sealing cavity at the upper end of the copper sleeve 32, effectively preventing lubricant leakage and isolating external contaminants. In addition, the baffle 40 at the lower end of the mounting cavity of the guide sleeve 5 provides axial support for the guide sleeve body 33, precisely confining the cage 19 and its balls 34 within the working area, ensuring stable operation of the rolling assembly 6 within the allowable axial sliding range. This precise axial fixing and multi-seal design significantly improves the overall stability, guiding accuracy and service life of the combined guide structure, effectively avoiding the decrease in accuracy and premature wear caused by axial movement of components or poor lubrication, thus ensuring the reliability of the punch press slide guide system under high load and high frequency working conditions.

[0080] In a further embodiment, the copper sleeve 32 is provided with an oil hole that connects its inner and outer walls, and the guide sleeve 5 is provided with an oil inlet hole 42 and an oil return hole 43. The oil inlet hole 42 and the oil return hole 43 are respectively connected to the oil hole of the copper sleeve 32, and the oil inlet hole 42 and the oil return hole 43 are located at different positions in the axial direction of the copper sleeve 32 to form a lubricating oil circulation path.

[0081] Specifically, the oil holes on the copper sleeve 32 are used to introduce lubricating oil from the outside of the copper sleeve 32 into the sliding contact area between its inner wall and the guide post 4, or to lead the lubricating oil out of the sliding contact area. These oil holes can be designed as radial holes, oblique holes, or a combination of annular grooves and radial holes to ensure that the lubricating oil can effectively reach the sliding contact surface. The number and distribution of oil holes can be optimized according to the length of the copper sleeve 32, the diameter of the guide post 4, and lubrication requirements. For example, multiple oil holes can be evenly distributed along the axial direction of the copper sleeve 32, or densely distributed in areas with high stress. At the same time, the oil inlet hole 42 and the oil return hole 43 provided on the guide sleeve 5 are used to connect the external lubricating oil supply system with the oil holes on the copper sleeve 32 to form a complete lubricating oil circulation path. The oil inlet hole 42 is usually connected to an external oil pump, which is responsible for pumping fresh lubricating oil into the guide structure 2; the oil return hole 43 is responsible for collecting used or excess lubricating oil and returning it to the oil tank or cooling filter system. The size and position of these holes need to be precisely aligned with the oil holes on the copper sleeve 32 to ensure smooth oil flow.

[0082] Based on this, the oil inlet hole 42 and the oil return hole 43 are respectively connected to the oil holes of the copper sleeve 32. This means that during assembly, the oil inlet hole 42 and the oil return hole 43 on the guide sleeve 5 can be aligned with the corresponding oil holes on the copper sleeve 32, thereby establishing a flow path for lubricating oil. This connection can be achieved through direct alignment, through an internal flow channel, or through a sealing connector, to ensure that lubricating oil can enter the interior of the copper sleeve 32 from the guide sleeve 5, and flow out from the copper sleeve 32 after lubrication, eventually returning to the oil return hole 43 of the guide sleeve 5. Furthermore, the oil inlet hole 42 and the oil return hole 43 are located at different axial positions of the copper sleeve 32. For example, the oil inlet hole 42 can be located at the upper part of the copper sleeve 32, and the oil return hole 43 can be located at the lower part of the copper sleeve 32, or vice versa. This axial misalignment design is to form an effective lubricating oil circulation path in the sliding fit area between the copper sleeve 32 and the guide post 4. Lubricating oil enters through the oil inlet hole 42, flows through the sliding surface, carries away frictional heat and wear debris, and then flows out through the oil return hole 43.

[0083] Through the above technical solution, lubricating oil can be continuously pumped into the sliding contact area, forming a stable oil film, significantly reducing the coefficient of friction between the copper sleeve 32 and the guide post 4, thereby reducing the generation of frictional heat. Simultaneously, the circulating lubricating oil effectively carries away the heat generated on the sliding surface, achieving cooling of the guide structure 2 and preventing localized overheating. Furthermore, the continuous flushing action of the oil helps remove tiny wear debris from the sliding surface, preventing debris accumulation and accelerated wear. This active lubrication and cooling mechanism effectively solves the problems of insufficient lubrication and poor heat dissipation in traditional sliding guides, significantly improving the long-term operational stability, accuracy retention, and service life of the guide system.

[0084] The following example will provide a more detailed explanation of the above technical solution:

[0085] Suppose the user is a company specializing in the stamping of precision electronic components. Their main challenge is to ensure micron-level precision in the stamped parts while achieving extremely high stamping speeds. Traditional press slides (1) are heavy, and their high-speed reciprocating motion generates enormous inertial forces, leading to increased machine tool vibration and making it difficult to guarantee stamping accuracy. Simultaneously, the heat generated by the die during high-speed stamping is rapidly transferred to slide 1, causing thermal deformation and further deteriorating guiding accuracy and product quality. To address these issues, the user has introduced a novel press slide guiding system.

[0086] The system first employs a one-piece molded slider 1, made of silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. Compared to traditional cast iron or steel sliders, the density of silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is significantly reduced, resulting in a substantial reduction in the overall weight of slider 1. For example, a silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite slider 1 with dimensions comparable to a traditional cast iron slider weighs only one-third of the weight of a traditional slider. This lightweight design directly reduces the inertial force generated during the high-speed reciprocating motion of slider 1, thereby effectively suppressing machine tool vibration and laying the foundation for achieving higher stamping speeds. The slider 1 is designed as a four-guide-post slider, including a one-piece molded upper plate 11, a lower plate 12, and multiple slider main ribs 8 connecting the upper plate 11 and the lower plate 12. The lower plate 12 is used to mount the stamping die, and its outer edge extends beyond the outer edge of the upper plate 11. Mounting seats 13 for mounting guide posts 4 are provided at the four corners of the extended portion. The two ends of the slider main ribs 8 extend to connect with the mounting seats 13. This structure further enhances the overall rigidity of slider 1, ensuring that strength is not sacrificed while achieving lightweight design.

[0087] To address the thermal deformation issue caused by high-speed stamping, the system incorporates an oil cooling channel 7 within the slider 1. This oil cooling channel 7 is not a simple cavity cooling system but rather an optimized design. Specifically, the oil cooling channel 7 is positioned above the lower plate 12 and directly below each slider main rib 8, extending along the length of the main rib 8. Since the slider main rib 8 is the area in the slider 1 structure that bears stress and directly transfers heat to the mold, precisely positioning the oil cooling channel 7 directly below it allows for efficient and accurate absorption of the heat transferred from the mold to the slider 1. The oil cooling channel 7 can be designed as a meandering oil path, with its inlet and outlet located on the same or different sides of the slider 1, and the oil path 16 meandering back and forth directly below the slider main rib 8. Cooling oil enters the oil cooling channel 7 through the inlet, fully absorbs heat within the channel, and then exits through the outlet. This meandering design extends the residence time of the coolant in the heat source area, improves heat exchange efficiency, effectively controls the thermal deformation of the slider 1, and ensures guiding accuracy during prolonged high-speed operation. Compared to existing technologies that use an integral cavity for cooling and have a simple coolant flow path, the oil cooling channel 7 design in this solution avoids flow dead zones and optimizes the layout for areas with concentrated heat, significantly improving cooling efficiency.

[0088] Regarding the guide structure 2, the system employs a high-precision rolling guide structure, positioned between the punch press frame 3 and the slide block 1. The guide structure 2 includes a guide post 4, a guide sleeve 5, and a rolling assembly 6 disposed within the guide sleeve 5. The outer wall of the guide post 4 has multiple axially extending cross-sections 17, which are planar and evenly distributed circumferentially along the guide post 4. The guide post 4 has an upper section 26 with a larger diameter and a lower section 27 with a smaller diameter, forming an annular stepped surface 28 between the upper and lower sections 26. The cross-sections 17 are located on the outer peripheral wall of the lower section 27. The guide sleeve 5 is fitted over the lower section 27. The rolling assembly 6 includes multiple rollers 18 and a retainer 19. The retainer 19 is axially movable within the guide sleeve 5, and the multiple rollers 18 are mounted on the retainer 19. Each roller 18 corresponds to and rolls in contact with one cross-section 17 of the guide post 4. The roller 18 is cylindrical, with its axis perpendicular to the axis of the guide post 4. This line contact guidance method between the roller 18 and the tangential surface 17 significantly improves the load-bearing capacity and provides higher guiding accuracy and rigidity compared to the point contact guidance of ball bearings in the prior art. A guide seat 29 is fixedly provided at the end of the guide sleeve 5. The guide seat 29 has an inner cavity for accommodating the upper section 26 of the guide post 4 and allowing the guide post 4 to move axially up and down in the inner cavity. A limiting structure 30 is provided on the guide seat 29. This limiting structure 30 is an annular retaining ring, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular opening at the lower end of the guide seat 29. It cooperates with the annular stepped surface 28 of the guide post 4 to limit the maximum downward stroke of the guide post 4 and ensure the reliability of the movement.

[0089] Through the organic combination of the lightweight slider 1, the high-efficiency oil cooling channel 7, and the high-precision rolling guide structure 2, the user's punch press system exhibits superior performance in high-speed stamping operations. The lightweight slider 1 reduces inertial forces, allowing for a significant increase in stamping speed; the precise oil cooling channel 7 effectively suppresses thermal deformation, ensuring accuracy stability during long-term operation; and the guide structure 2, with the rollers 18 in line contact with the tangential surface 17, provides high load-bearing capacity and high guiding accuracy. These technical features work together to solve the problems of weight, thermal deformation, and insufficient guiding accuracy faced by traditional punch press sliders in high-speed, high-precision stamping, enabling users to stably produce high-quality precision electronic components.

[0090] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A lightweight high-precision punch slide guide system, characterized by, include: - A one-piece molded slider (1) made of silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material; - A guide structure (2) is disposed between the punch press frame (3) and the slider (1) for guiding the slider (1). The guide structure (2) includes a guide post (4), a guide sleeve (5) and a rolling assembly (6) disposed in the guide sleeve (5). The rolling assembly (6) is in rolling contact with the guide post (4). - An oil cooling channel (7) is provided inside the slider (1) and is opened directly below the main rib (8) of the slider (1). The two ends of the oil cooling channel (7) extend to the side of the slider (1) and form an oil inlet and an oil outlet respectively.

2. The lightweight high-precision punch slider guide system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slider (1) is a four-guide-post slider, which includes an integrally formed upper plate (11), a lower plate (12), and multiple slider main ribs (8) connected between the upper plate (11) and the lower plate (12). The lower plate (12) is used to install the stamping die. The outer edge of the lower plate (12) extends beyond the outer edge of the upper plate (11). The four corners of the extended portion of the lower plate (12) are provided with mounting seats (13) for installing guide posts (4). The two ends of the slider main ribs (8) extend to connect with the mounting seats (13).

3. The lightweight high-precision punch slider guide system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil cooling channel (7) is located above the lower plate (12) and directly below each slider main rib (8), and the oil cooling channel (7) is arranged along the length direction of the slider main rib (8).

4. The lightweight high-precision punch slider guide system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The oil cooling channel (7) is a unidirectional oil path, with its inlet and outlet located at both ends of the main rib of the slider (8); or, the oil cooling channel (7) is a meandering oil path, with its inlet and outlet located on the same side or different sides of the slider (1), and the oil path (16) folds back and forth directly below the main rib of the slider (8).

5. The lightweight high-precision punch slider guide system of claim 1, wherein: The outer wall of the guide post (4) is provided with a plurality of axially extending cross-sections (17), and the rolling assembly (6) includes a plurality of rollers (18), each roller (18) corresponding to and rolling in contact with a cross-section (17) of the guide post (4) to achieve high-precision rolling guidance.

6. The lightweight high-precision punch slider guide system of claim 5, wherein: The guide structure (2) is a high-precision guide structure. The rolling assembly (6) also includes a retainer (19). The retainer (19) is axially movable and disposed in the guide sleeve (5). The plurality of rollers (18) are mounted on the retainer (19). The retainer (19) is provided with a plurality of pockets (20). The plurality of rollers (18) are respectively installed in the pockets (20). The retainer (19) is an annular sleeve structure. The cross-sectional shape of its inner cavity is adapted to the outer periphery of the section of the guide post (4) with the cross-section (17). The rollers (18) are cylindrical and their axial direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide post (4).

7. The lightweight high-precision punch slider guide system of claim 5, wherein: The guide structure (2) is an adjustable stroke guide structure. The rolling assembly (6) also includes a base (21). The base (21) is fixedly installed inside the guide sleeve (5). A circulating raceway (22) is provided on the base (21). The plurality of rollers (18) are installed in the circulating raceway (22) and can circulate along the circulating raceway (22). The base (21) is elongated and has a plurality of mounting grooves (23) spaced apart along the axial direction. Each mounting groove (23) is provided with a circulating raceway body. 24), the circulating raceway (22) is provided inside the circulating raceway body (24), and each circulating raceway body (24) and the roller (18) inside it form a rolling support unit (25). Multiple rolling support units (25) are distributed at intervals along the axial direction and roll in contact with the corresponding tangent (17). The roller (18) is cylindrical and its axial direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide post (4). The roller (18) rotates in the circulating raceway (22) and moves cyclically along the circulating raceway (22).

8. The lightweight high-precision punch slider guide system of claim 5, wherein: The cut surface (17) is a plane and is evenly or unevenly arranged along the circumference of the guide post (4); the guide post (4) has an upper column (26) with a larger diameter and a lower column (27) with a smaller diameter, and an annular step surface (28) is formed between the upper column (26) and the lower column (27); the cut surface (17) is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the lower column (27); the guide sleeve (5) is sleeved on the outside of the lower column (27).

9. The lightweight high-precision punch slide guide system of claim 8, wherein: The guide sleeve (5) is fixedly provided with a guide seat (29) at its end. The guide seat (29) has an inner cavity for accommodating the upper column (26) of the guide post (4) and allowing the guide post (4) to move up and down axially in the inner cavity. A limiting structure (30) is provided on the guide seat (29). The limiting structure (30) cooperates with the annular step surface (28) to limit the maximum downward stroke of the guide post (4). The limiting structure (30) is an annular retaining ring, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular opening at the lower end of the guide seat (29).

10. The lightweight high-precision punch slide guide system of claim 1, wherein: The guide structure (2) is a combined guide structure. The guide structure (2) also includes a copper sleeve (32) fixedly disposed in the guide sleeve (5). The copper sleeve (32) is slidably engaged with the guide post (4). The rolling assembly (6) includes a guide sleeve body (33), a retainer (19) and a plurality of balls (34). The guide sleeve body (33) is fixed in the guide sleeve (5) and located below the copper sleeve (32). An annular gap (35) is formed between the guide sleeve body (33) and the guide post (4). The retainer (19) is slidably disposed in the annular gap (35) along the axial direction. The plurality of balls (34) are mounted on the retainer (19). The outer peripheral surface of each ball (34) makes rolling contact with the inner wall of the guide sleeve body (33) and the outer wall of the guide post (4).

11. The lightweight high-precision punch slide guide system of claim 10, wherein: The upper end of the copper sleeve (32) has a flange (36) extending radially outward, the flange (36) being mounted on the cavity end face of the guide sleeve (5); a cap (37) is fixedly provided at the end of the guide sleeve (5), the cap (37) being pressed against the upper surface of the flange (36) to restrict the axial displacement of the copper sleeve (32) and the rolling assembly (6); the upper end of the copper sleeve (32) and the inner wall of the cavity of the guide sleeve (5), and the copper sleeve (32) A sealing ring (38) is provided between the upper end of the sleeve and the guide post (4). The cover (37) presses the sealing ring (38) into the sealing cavity opened at the upper end of the copper sleeve (32). A baffle (40) is provided at the lower end of the mounting cavity of the guide sleeve (5). The lower end of the guide sleeve body (33) abuts against the baffle (40). The retainer (19) and its ball bearings (34) are located between the baffle (40) and the lower end face of the copper sleeve (32) and can slide along the axial direction.

12. The lightweight high-precision punch slide guide system of claim 10, wherein: The copper sleeve (32) has an oil hole that connects its inner and outer walls. The guide sleeve (5) is provided with an oil inlet hole (42) and an oil return hole (43). The oil inlet hole (42) and the oil return hole (43) are respectively connected to the oil hole of the copper sleeve (32), and the oil inlet hole (42) and the oil return hole (43) are located at different positions in the axial direction of the copper sleeve (32) to form a lubricating oil circulation path.

13. The lightweight high-precision punch slide guide system of claim 1, wherein, The silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material uses ZAlSi12 cast aluminum alloy as the matrix and adds silicon carbide particles with a volume fraction of 20%.

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