A method for calculating the activation port adjustment, outage probability and outage rate of short-wave communication based on a manifold antenna system

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for adjusting the active port, calculating the interruption probability, and calculating the interruption rate of shortwave communication based on a manifold antenna system in the field of wireless communication technology. The method includes: obtaining the architectural parameters of the target manifold antenna system, which include N ports uniformly distributed along a linear dimension W, each port sharing a common radio frequency link; calculating the instantaneous channel gain of each port; and selecting the port with the maximum instantaneous channel gain as the active port for shortwave communication. By introducing a manifold antenna, this invention achieves dynamic spatial adaptability within a limited area. Unlike traditional arrays with static elements, the FAS utilizes spatial diversity through real-time reconfiguration of antenna positions, eliminating the need for multiple radio frequency links. It also utilizes ionospheric reflection to establish beyond-line-of-sight connections. The FAS dynamically adjusts its active port to optimize reception from different refraction points, mitigating the inherent fading and signal attenuation of high-frequency skywave channels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for adjusting the active port of shortwave communication based on a manifold antenna system, and a method for calculating the interruption probability and interruption rate, belonging to the field of wireless communication technology. Background Technology

[0002] Shortwave communication is a technology that utilizes the 3-30MHz frequency band for long-distance, beyond-line-of-sight communication. It achieves long-distance transmission through signal reflection from the ionosphere, making it crucial for communication in environments with limited infrastructure or special scenarios. However, the dynamic characteristics of the ionosphere present numerous challenges to shortwave communication. For example, the electron density in the ionosphere is significantly time-varying due to factors such as solar activity, day-night cycles, and seasonal changes. This directly leads to unpredictable signal strength and reliability, and frequent issues such as signal attenuation, multipath propagation, and frequency selectivity, making it difficult for traditional fixed antenna systems to meet the demands for efficient and reliable communication. Furthermore, shortwave communication systems also suffer from limited communication capacity and susceptibility to interference, further restricting their application and development in modern communication technologies.

[0003] In traditional shortwave communication systems, fixed antenna systems struggle to adapt to the rapid changes in signal strength and the spatiotemporally varying channel characteristics in the complex ionospheric environment, leading to unstable communication quality and low reliability. For example, when facing the complex and ever-changing ionospheric environment, fixed antennas cannot effectively select the optimal signal reception path, thus limiting the performance of the communication system. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an antenna system that can dynamically adapt to ionospheric changes to improve the reliability of shortwave communication. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for adjusting the active port of shortwave communication based on a manifold antenna system, and a method for calculating the interruption probability and interruption rate.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses an activation port adjustment method for shortwave communication based on a manifold antenna system, comprising:

[0007] Obtain the architecture parameters of the target manifold antenna system, which include N ports uniformly distributed along the linear dimension W, with each port sharing a common radio frequency link;

[0008] Calculate the instantaneous channel gain for each port;

[0009] Select the port with the maximum instantaneous channel gain as the active port for shortwave communication.

[0010] Further, the calculation of the instantaneous channel gain for each port includes:

[0011] The received signal model of the port is constructed as follows:

[0012] ;

[0013] Among them, y n h represents the received signal at the nth port. n It is the flat fading channel coefficient experienced by the nth port, which follows a zero mean and a variance of . A circularly symmetric complex Gaussian distribution; η n This indicates that the mean and variance at the nth port are zero. The additive white Gaussian noise, where x represents the transmitted signal;

[0014] The flat fading channel coefficient h experienced by the nth port n Channel amplitude |h n | follows a Rayleigh distribution, |h n The probability density function of | for:

[0015] ;

[0016] r represents the amplitude of the received signal, r≥0, and , This indicates calculating the mean.

[0017] Definition of the first The instantaneous channel gain of each port is .

[0018] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the port with the maximum instantaneous channel gain is as follows:

[0019] ;

[0020] In the formula, n * The port representing the maximum instantaneous channel gain, where max represents the maximum value, |h n | 2 This represents the maximum instantaneous channel gain.

[0021] Secondly, this invention also discloses a method for calculating the active port interruption probability of shortwave communication based on a manifold antenna system, comprising:

[0022] Obtain the architecture parameters of the target manifold antenna system, which include N ports uniformly distributed along the linear dimension W, with each port sharing a common radio frequency link;

[0023] Calculate the instantaneous channel gain for each port;

[0024] Select the port with the maximum instantaneous channel gain as the active port k for shortwave communication;

[0025] Determine the inter-port correlation coefficient for the activated port k;

[0026] The interruption probability is calculated based on the correlation coefficient between the ports.

[0027] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the interruption probability is:

[0028] ;

[0029] In the formula, This indicates that the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio is below the threshold. The probability, This represents the correlation coefficient between the first port and the kth port. Let represent the average received signal-to-noise ratio with a single fixed antenna, exp(·) denotes exponential operation to the base e, and t represent the integrand. Let represent the m-th order generalized Marcum Q function, where a and b represent two parameters in the Marcum Q function.

[0030] Furthermore, ;

[0031] In the formula, This represents the first kind of m-1 order modified Bessel function.

[0032] Thirdly, this invention also discloses a method for calculating the active port interruption rate of shortwave communication based on a manifold antenna system, including:

[0033] Obtain the architecture parameters of the target manifold antenna system, which include N ports uniformly distributed along the linear dimension W, with each port sharing a common radio frequency link;

[0034] Calculate the instantaneous channel gain for each port;

[0035] Select the port with the maximum instantaneous channel gain as the active port k for shortwave communication;

[0036] Determine the inter-port correlation coefficient for the activated port k;

[0037] The probability of interruption is calculated based on the correlation coefficient between the ports.

[0038] The interruption rate is calculated based on the interruption probability.

[0039] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the interruption rate is as follows:

[0040] ;

[0041] In the formula, R out Indicates the interrupt rate. This indicates that the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio is below the threshold. The probability of.

[0042] Fourthly, the present invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs, said one or more programs including instructions that, when executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to perform the methods of the first, second, or third aspects.

[0043] Fifthly, the present invention also discloses a computer device, comprising,

[0044] One or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include instructions for performing the methods of the first aspect, the second aspect, or the third aspect.

[0045] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows:

[0046] Firstly, this invention achieves a paradigm shift from traditional fixed-position antennas by introducing manifold antennas, enabling dynamic spatial adaptability within a limited area. Unlike traditional arrays with static elements, FAS utilizes spatial diversity through real-time reconfiguration of antenna positions, eliminating the need for multiple RF links. By calculating the instantaneous channel gain of each port and selecting the port with the highest gain as the active port for shortwave communication, this invention can accurately select the port with optimal signal reception performance. Compared to traditional fixed antenna systems that cannot dynamically select receiving ports and are susceptible to poor signal reception due to the time-varying characteristics of the ionosphere, this invention achieves precise optimization of received signals at different refraction points in the ionosphere. Combined with beyond-line-of-sight connections established by ionospheric reflections (single-hop and multi-hop paths), it can specifically alleviate the inherent fading and signal attenuation problems of shortwave skywave channels, significantly improving the stability and reliability of shortwave communication signal reception.

[0047] In the second and third aspects, the present invention can improve the coverage of shortwave signals, reduce the probability of user interruption, and improve the user interruption rate. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the FAS model;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a FAS architecture;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the changes in the outage probability of FAS and fixed antenna systems under different distance and frequency scenarios;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the changes in the outage probability of FAS and fixed antenna systems at different times and frequencies throughout the day;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the change in interruption probability with the number of ports under different available space dimensions;

[0053] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the change of interrupt rate with signal-to-noise ratio threshold under different port numbers. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] Example 1: This example introduces a method for adjusting the active port of shortwave communication based on a manifold antenna system, including:

[0056] Step 1: Establish a structural model for manifold antenna-assisted shortwave communication reception;

[0057] Manifold antenna systems (FAS) represent a paradigm shift from traditional fixed-location antennas by achieving dynamic spatial adaptability within a limited area. Unlike traditional arrays with static elements, FAS utilizes spatial diversity through real-time reconfiguration of antenna positions, eliminating the need for multiple radio frequency links.

[0058] Consider a fixed station equipped with a manifold antenna at the receiving end. For example... Figure 1 As shown, this system utilizes ionospheric reflection (single-hop and multi-hop paths) to establish beyond-line-of-sight connections. The FAS dynamically adjusts its active port to optimize reception from different refraction points, mitigating the inherent fading and signal attenuation of the high-frequency skywave channel.

[0059] like Figure 2 The FAS architecture shown has along the linear dimension Uniformly distributed There are several preset locations (ports). Each port shares a common radio frequency link, enabling instantaneous switching with no measurable delay. The displacement of each port relative to the first port is defined as:

[0060] (1);

[0061] in It is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency. The spacing ensures systematic coverage of the spatial domain. Optimization is based on the channel coherence distance—a parameter related to the angular spread of the incident signal.

[0062] Step 2: Establish a shortwave communication signal model based on a manifold antenna;

[0063] No. The received signal of each port is modeled as follows:

[0064] (2);

[0065] For the sake of brevity, the time index has been omitted. It is the first The flat fading channel coefficients experienced by each port are assumed to have zero mean and variance. The circularly symmetric complex Gaussian distribution, Indicates the first The mean and variance at each port are zero. Additive white Gaussian noise, This represents the transmitted data symbol. Under this model, the channel amplitude... It follows a Rayleigh distribution, and its probability density function is:

[0066] (3).

[0067] for ,and .

[0068] The optimal port selection strategy for a manifold antenna system is to select the port with the maximum instantaneous channel gain:

[0069] (4);

[0070] This selection criterion maximizes the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio, thereby minimizing the probability of system outage.

[0071] The spatial correlation between channel coefficients at different ports is crucial for accurately modeling the performance of manifold antenna systems. We use a Bessel function of the first kind... The correlation model, which fundamentally characterizes signal correlation and has been widely adopted, specifically defines the port correlation coefficient as:

[0072] (5);

[0073] in It is the first port and the... The correlation coefficient between ports.

[0074] Channel vector Parameterized as a complex Gaussian distribution:

[0075] (6);

[0076] in It is an independent standard complex Gaussian random variable. It is the channel power scaling factor.

[0077] Example 2, based on the same inventive concept as Example 1, introduces a method for calculating the activation port interruption probability of shortwave communication based on a manifold antenna system, characterized by including:

[0078] Obtain the architecture parameters of the target manifold antenna system, which include N ports uniformly distributed along the linear dimension W, with each port sharing a common radio frequency link;

[0079] Calculate the instantaneous channel gain for each port;

[0080] Select the port with the maximum instantaneous channel gain as the active port k for shortwave communication;

[0081] Determine the inter-port correlation coefficient for the activated port k;

[0082] The interruption probability is calculated based on the correlation coefficient between the ports.

[0083] The formula for calculating the interruption probability is:

[0084] ;

[0085] In the formula, This indicates that the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio is below the threshold. The probability, This represents the correlation coefficient between the first port and the kth port. Let represent the average received signal-to-noise ratio with a single fixed antenna, exp(·) denotes exponential operation to the base e, and t represent the integrand. Let represent the m-th order generalized Marcum Q function, where a and b represent two parameters in the Marcum Q function.

[0086] ;

[0087] in, Indicates the first type The modified Bessel function of order 1.

[0088] Example 3, based on the same inventive concept as other examples, introduces a method for calculating the active port interruption rate of shortwave communication based on a manifold antenna system, including:

[0089] Obtain the architecture parameters of the target manifold antenna system, which include N ports uniformly distributed along the linear dimension W, with each port sharing a common radio frequency link;

[0090] Calculate the instantaneous channel gain for each port;

[0091] Select the port with the maximum instantaneous channel gain as the active port k for shortwave communication;

[0092] Determine the inter-port correlation coefficient for the activated port k;

[0093] The probability of interruption is calculated based on the correlation coefficient between the ports.

[0094] The interruption rate is calculated based on the interruption probability.

[0095] The formula for calculating the interruption rate is:

[0096] ;

[0097] In the formula, R out Indicates the interrupt rate. This indicates that the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio is below the threshold. The probability of.

[0098] Figure 3 This paper compares the outage probability (OP) of a FAS (Frequency Assigned Switch) with a fixed antenna configuration at different communication distances in shortwave communication. The results show that the FAS significantly reduces the dead zone, which is a significant factor in the high outage probability caused by signal attenuation and limited ionospheric reflection. The FAS maintains a low outage probability across various scenarios, including different frequencies and distances, particularly at medium to long distances, where the dead zone is common. This performance improvement is attributed to the FAS's dynamic port selection capability, which enhances the reliability of signal reception and effectively extends the frequency coverage of reliable communication. The results demonstrate that the FAS can improve the robustness of high-frequency communication systems, making it particularly suitable for scenarios requiring beyond-line-of-sight transmission.

[0099] Figure 4 The time-frequency plots of outage probabilities for a fixed single antenna and a FAS (Fuel Arrangement System) over a 24-hour period are presented. The upper part shows the outage probability of the fixed antenna, with color gradients representing different levels of outage probability: red for high probability and blue for low probability. The lower part shows the outage probability of the manifold antenna system, exhibiting more uniform performance across the time and frequency dimensions. These results demonstrate that the manifold antenna system exhibits higher reliability over a specific time period compared to the fixed antenna.

[0100] Figure 5 Showing different distances The impact of port count on outage probability at distances of 50 m, 100 m, and 200 m. The results show that the outage probability gradually decreases at all distances as the number of ports increases, indicating that more ports can improve system performance. The blue curve corresponds to... m, corresponding to the red curve m, corresponding to the black curve m. It is worth noting that, The curve for m indicates the lowest probability of interruption across the entire port range, suggesting higher communication reliability over shorter distances.

[0101] Figure 6 This directly verifies Proposition 2, namely, that as the number of ports increases, the optimal signal-to-noise ratio threshold for achieving the maximum interruption rate also increases. Each curve shows a clear maximum value, corresponding to... At these values, the optimal thresholds are approximately 7.6 dB, 8.8 dB, and 9.8 dB. This rightward shift further indicates that systems with more manifold antenna ports can employ more aggressive threshold settings, enabling them to achieve higher-order modulation schemes while maintaining reliability. The results demonstrate that FAS allows for a complete rethinking of modulation and coding strategies in high-frequency communication, whereas traditional systems, due to large channel variations, often have to adopt more conservative methods.

[0102] Example 4, based on the same inventive concept as other examples, describes a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs including instructions that, when executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to perform the method described in Example 1.

[0103] Example 5, based on the same inventive concept as other examples, describes a computer device, including,

[0104] One or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include instructions for performing any of the methods described in Embodiment 2 or Embodiment 3.

[0105] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0106] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0107] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0108] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0109] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the activation port of shortwave communication based on a manifold antenna system, characterized in that, include: Obtain the architecture parameters of the target manifold antenna system, which include N ports uniformly distributed along the linear dimension W, with each port sharing a common radio frequency link; Calculate the instantaneous channel gain for each port; Select the port with the maximum instantaneous channel gain as the active port for shortwave communication.

2. The method for adjusting the activation port of shortwave communication based on a manifold antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the instantaneous channel gain for each port includes: The received signal model of the port is constructed as follows: ； Among them, y n h represents the received signal at the nth port. n It is the flat fading channel coefficient experienced by the nth port, which follows a zero mean and a variance of . A circularly symmetric complex Gaussian distribution; η n This indicates that the mean and variance at the nth port are zero. The additive white Gaussian noise, where x represents the transmitted signal; The flat fading channel coefficient h experienced by the nth port n Channel amplitude |h n | follows a Rayleigh distribution, |h n The probability density function of | for: ； Where r represents the amplitude of the received signal, r≥0, and , This indicates calculating the mean. Definition of the first The instantaneous channel gain of each port is .

3. The method for adjusting the activation port of shortwave communication based on a manifold antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the port with the maximum instantaneous channel gain is as follows: ； In the formula, n * The port representing the maximum instantaneous channel gain, where max represents the maximum value, |h n | 2 This represents the maximum instantaneous channel gain.

4. A method for calculating the interruption probability of the active port in shortwave communication based on a manifold antenna system, characterized in that, include: Obtain the architecture parameters of the target manifold antenna system, which include N ports uniformly distributed along the linear dimension W, with each port sharing a common radio frequency link; Calculate the instantaneous channel gain for each port; Select the port with the maximum instantaneous channel gain as the active port k for shortwave communication; Determine the inter-port correlation coefficient for the activated port k; The interruption probability is calculated based on the correlation coefficient between the ports.

5. The method for calculating the activation port interruption probability of shortwave communication based on a manifold antenna system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the interruption probability is: ； In the formula, This indicates that the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio is below the threshold. The probability, This represents the correlation coefficient between the first port and the kth port. Let represent the average received signal-to-noise ratio with a single fixed antenna, exp(·) denotes exponential operation to the base e, and t represent the integrand. Let represent the m-th order generalized Marcum Q function, where a and b represent two parameters in the Marcum Q function.

6. The method for calculating the activation port interruption probability of shortwave communication based on a manifold antenna system according to claim 5, characterized in that, ； In the formula, This represents the first kind of m-1 order modified Bessel function.

7. A method for calculating the active port interruption rate of shortwave communication based on a manifold antenna system, characterized in that, include: Obtain the architecture parameters of the target manifold antenna system, which include N ports uniformly distributed along the linear dimension W, with each port sharing a common radio frequency link; Calculate the instantaneous channel gain for each port; Select the port with the maximum instantaneous channel gain as the active port k for shortwave communication; Determine the inter-port correlation coefficient for the activated port k; The probability of interruption is calculated based on the correlation coefficient between the ports. The interruption rate is calculated based on the interruption probability.

8. The method for calculating the active port interruption rate of shortwave communication based on a manifold antenna system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the interruption rate is: ； In the formula, R out Indicates the interrupt rate. This indicates that the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio is below the threshold. The probability of.

9. A computer-readable storage medium for storing one or more programs, characterized in that, The one or more programs include instructions that, when executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 3, 4 to 6, or 7 to 8.

10. A computer device, characterized in that, include, One or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for performing the method of any of claims 1 to 3, 4 to 6, or 7 to 8.

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