Orthopaedic arthroscopic optical cannula system

Abstract

An optical sleeve system may include a sleeve, a body, a first tube, a second tube, and a valve assembly. An outer sleeve wall may define an internal space extending along the axis of the sleeve. One or more inner sleeve walls within the outer sleeve wall may divide the internal space into a first channel and a second channel. A proximal portion of the sleeve may be received within the body. The first and second tubes may extend from the body. The valve assembly may have a first configuration in which the first tube is in fluid communication with the first channel and the second tube is in fluid communication with the second channel. The valve assembly may have a second configuration in which the first tube is in fluid communication with the second channel and the second tube is in fluid communication with the first channel.

Description

[0001] By incorporating any priority claim This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 588,130, filed October 5, 2023 (which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety). Any and all applications that identify foreign or domestic priority claims in the application data sheet filed with this application are incorporated herein by reference under 37 CFR 1.57. Background Technology Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure generally relates to apparatus, systems and methods for arthroscopic procedures.

[0004] Related technologies Arthroscopy is a procedure used to diagnose and treat joint problems. A surgeon inserts a small tube or cannula into the joint space through a small incision or inlet. A fiber optic or endoscopic camera is then passed through the inlet and used to transmit high-resolution images of the joint space to a video monitor. Arthroscopy allows surgeons to see inside your joint without making large incisions. Arthroscopy is used to visualize many joints, including the knee, hip, shoulder, ankle, spine, and wrist. Traditional arthroscopy uses a single inlet and a second inlet for the endoscope to pass instruments for manipulating tissues within the joint space. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments described herein relate to an improved orthopedic arthroscopic system that reduces the number of necessary arthroscopic inlets while improving endoscopic visualization and instrumentation capabilities within the joint space. A primary embodiment of the disclosed system replaces the conventional rod endoscope with a rotatable optical cannula through which instruments can be used to manipulate tissue and perform surgery. Reusable and disposable implementations of this system are envisioned. By increasing the cannula's rotational capability, visualization of the instrument tips can be easily adjusted by rotating about the cannula's longitudinal axis. Conventional optically enabled spinal cannulas cannot rotate independently of the handle. The disclosed system eliminates the need for unnecessary wrist rotation by the surgeon, making it easier to coordinate hand position during surgical tasks. Features and aspects of the disclosed technology allow for mechanized manipulation of instruments via an endoscope handle operated and held with the same hand. This capability frees up the other hand, allowing the cannula to be rotated via a rotating component, thus allowing the surgeon's instrument grip and wrist position to remain stationary in an ergonomically comfortable position.

[0006] In some implementations, the wire carries a camera signal from the end of the sleeve across the length of the sleeve, and the wire is engaged via an electrical coupler (e.g., an electrical commutator or service ring) that allows the sleeve to rotate at least 90 degrees (or alternatively, at least 360 degrees or unlimited sleeve rotation) without interrupting the electrical connection.

[0007] In conventional arthroscopic systems, the smaller the diameter of the endoscope tip, the fewer optical fibers are needed for image capture, but the more optical fibers are required for light transmission. Furthermore, conventional spinal arthroscopic techniques separate the LED light source and camera chip from the arthroscopic handle. Light is transmitted from the LED source, contained within an external housing, to the cannula via long fiber optic cables. In the embodiments described herein, the optical camera chip (e.g., complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), charge-coupled device (CCD), lens, or other types of image sensor) is placed at the tip of the arthroscopic cannula. Placing the optical camera chip at the distal tip improves image resolution. This embodiment includes an LED light source contained within the arthroscopic handle or located at the tip of the cannula, thus eliminating the need for a separate video support to maintain a separate light source that occupies operating room space and increases equipment costs. Other embodiments provide a multi-camera chip design in which the camera sensors are angled apart in a divergent manner. While the divergence angle and the number of CMOS chips can vary, by utilizing this design, the number of instrument axes placed through the cannula's working channel can be digitally reduced from the overall image, thereby improving visualization of the joint space without requiring the removal of instrument axes. Alternatively or additionally, integrating multiple camera chips at different angles can allow for the presentation of split-screen images of the joint space on a monitor, head-mounted display, or portable display device. In other embodiments, by using AI (artificial intelligence) technology, multiple 2D images obtained from multiple cameras located at the tip of the cannula can be used to create 3D images or virtual reality representations of the anatomical joint space.

[0008] The embodiments disclosed herein allow for at least two types of instrumentation methods through an optical cannula. The first method involves passing an instrument through the optical cannula from a proximal end to a distal end. In this case, the tool tip must remain smaller than the working channel diameter to effectively advance the instrument through the cannula. The second method allows a removable instrument shaft (with a tool tip attached to the distal end) to be advanced through the cannula from distal to proximal. In both cases, the proximal end of the tool shaft can be incorporated into an engaging mechanized handle, and in a manner that allows the surgeon to manipulate the tool tip attached to the distal end of the instrument shaft by squeezing a lever incorporated into the design of the endoscope handle. For instrument shafts that pass from the distal end to the proximal end, the tool tip can remain larger than the working channel of the cannula, allowing for a larger tool option for a particular surgical application. In some embodiments, the mechanized endoscope handle will remain in a straight orientation relative to the instrument shaft, allowing for an overhand grip by the surgeon. In other embodiments, the endoscope handle can be offset from the long axis of the optical cannula and the instrument shaft, allowing the surgeon to hold the device in a more "pistol grip" manner. In some cases, the use of conventional arthroscopic forceps may be advantageous (the handle is already attached and the tool tip is small enough to pass through the disclosed optical cannula). In these cases, the mechanized handle portion of the disclosed device would not be necessary. Although most arthroscopic systems currently on the market allow instruments to pass through, current systems lack the option of passive and active methods of instrument engagement, thus limiting their surgical applications.

[0009] Another feature of the system disclosed herein includes an apparatus by which the electrical hose, aspiration hose, and irrigation hose are positioned in an orderly and fixed manner behind the endoscope handle during surgery. Embodiments of the system utilize a disposable aspiration / irrigation bundle, which is removably or permanently assembled around the cannula in a watertight manner. Within this bundle is a circumferential fluid and / or aspiration chamber aligned with corresponding orifices or ports placed through the wall of the optical sheath. Within the cannula, these orifices communicate with aspiration and irrigation spaces or channels formed between the instrument shaft and the cannula wall. In some embodiments, the orifices are offset from each other along the circumference of the outer cannula to separate the two fluid channels as much as possible. Cannula embodiments that use an inserted instrument shaft, rather than a working channel integrated within the cannula, to form the fluid channels maximize the cannula's inner diameter to allow passage of larger, rigid or flexible instrument tips, shafts, and micro-debridements. Applying these or similar embodiments allows aspiration and irrigation capabilities to remain constant even during cannula rotation. Therefore, the vertical or angular orientation of the conventional lateral aspiration / irrigation ports seen in existing arthroscopic cannula systems is eliminated. By using this method, all tubing and endoscopic cords will remain in a stable position even when the cannula rotates. Therefore, the tubing and cords can be combined and secured in a streamlined bundle at the back of the device, thus reducing clutter in the surgical field.

[0010] In some embodiments, the endoscope handle and cannula, along with the incorporated optics and flushing / aspiration channels, can be disposable. In these embodiments, the electrical coupler connecting the cannula camera leads to the endoscope handle can be housed or included within the aspiration / flushing harness along with a slack wire (i.e., a service loop) to allow cannula rotation. In other embodiments, the endoscope handle can be reusable, but encapsulated in a manner that allows for easy cleaning and sterilization. In other embodiments, the various system components and optical interfaces can be disposable or reusable. If the optical cannula and endoscope handle are configured for reusability, the electrical connections can utilize circumferential electrical contact leads or strips (i.e., commutators) surrounding the periphery of the outer cannula. Other electrical contact methods that allow for free rotation are also contemplated. Regardless of reusability, all components of the disclosed system are assembled in an intuitive and easy-to-assemble, disassemble, and clean / sterilize manner.

[0011] In other embodiments, the optically rotatable cannula may be articulated. The direction and angle of the articulation can vary, but can be unidirectional or multidirectional, with angles ranging from 0 to 180 degrees. Activation of the articulation may involve a turntable, lever, telescopic mechanism, robotic mechanism, or other integrated equipment incorporated into or attached to the endoscope handle or optical forceps system. Such a mechanism would virtually eliminate the need to manipulate the cannula to access poorly visualized areas of the joint space. This, in turn, would help minimize tissue and instrument damage. The articulated cannula would further allow and extend the use of flexible instrument shafts and micro-debridements. This advancement can be applied to other surgical specialties, including but not limited to ENT surgery, neurosurgery, general surgery, urology, obstetrics and gynecology, orthopedic surgery, podiatry, veterinary surgery, etc. In some embodiments, one or more notches may be incorporated into the side or tip of the cannula to allow the instrument shaft to be easily articulated as it exits the distal end of the cannula.

[0012] In some embodiments, an optical sleeve system is disclosed, comprising a sleeve (e.g., curved or straight), a body, a first tube, a second tube, and a valve assembly. The sleeve includes a proximal portion, a distal end, and an axis extending between the proximal portion and the distal end. The sleeve further includes an outer sleeve wall and one or more inner sleeve walls. The outer sleeve wall defines an internal space extending along the axis. One or more inner sleeve walls are disposed within the outer sleeve wall and extend along the axis. The one or more inner sleeve walls divide the internal space into a first channel and a second channel. The body is configured to receive the proximal portion of the sleeve. The first and second tubes extend from the body. The valve assembly is connected to the body. The valve assembly has a first configuration in which the first tube is in fluid communication with the first channel and the second tube is in fluid communication with the second channel. The valve assembly has a second configuration in which the first tube is in fluid communication with the second channel and the second tube is in fluid communication with the first channel.

[0013] In some embodiments, an optical cannula system is disclosed, comprising a cannula and a body. The cannula may be straight or curved and includes an outer cannula wall having a proximal portion and a distal end, a first channel, a second channel, and one or more inner walls. The body is configured to receive the proximal portion of the cannula. The first channel is located within the outer cannula wall. The first channel is configured for aspiration in a first configuration of the optical cannula system and for flushing in a second configuration of the optical cannula system. The second channel is located within the outer cannula wall. The second channel is configured for flushing in the first configuration and for aspiration in the second configuration. One or more inner walls are located within the outer cannula wall. One or more inner walls extend at least partially along the length of the outer cannula wall between the proximal portion and the distal end. One or more inner walls at least partially define the first channel and the second channel.

[0014] In some embodiments, an optical sleeve system is disclosed, comprising a handle and a sleeve. The handle includes a body, a first port, and a second port. The first port extends at least partially through the body. The first port is configured to connect to a first flexible tube. The second port extends at least partially through the body. The second port is configured to connect to a second flexible tube. The sleeve includes an outer sleeve wall, a first channel, and a second channel. The outer sleeve wall has a proximal portion and a distal end. The proximal portion is configured to be disposed within the body of the handle. The first channel is located within the outer sleeve wall. The first channel is configured to be in fluid communication with the first port in a first configuration and with the second port in a second configuration. The second channel is located within the outer sleeve wall. The second channel is configured to be in fluid communication with the second port in a first configuration and with the first port in a second configuration.

[0015] The above overview is illustrative only and is not intended to be limiting. Other aspects, features, and advantages of the systems, apparatuses, and methods and / or other subjects described in this application will become apparent in the teachings set forth below. This overview is provided to introduce a selection of concepts within the scope of this disclosure. The overview is not intended to identify key or essential features of any subject matter described herein. Attached Figure Description

[0016] According to one or more embodiments, this disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the following drawings. These drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and depict only exemplary embodiments. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for clarity and ease of explanation, the elements in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0017] Some of the accompanying drawings illustrate various embodiments of the disclosed technology from different perspectives. Although the accompanying descriptive text may refer to views such as “top,” “bottom,” “front,” “rear,” or “side” views, unless otherwise expressly stated, these references are merely descriptive and do not imply or require the disclosed technology to be implemented or used in a particular orientation.

[0018] Figure 1 A side view of an optical sleeve system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0019] Figure 2 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 1 An exploded view of the optical sleeve system shown.

[0020] Figure 3 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 1 A front view of the optical sleeve system.

[0021] Figure 4 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 1 A perspective view of an embodiment of the dual-camera sleeve.

[0022] Figure 5 The following describes an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 An example of image removal obtained using a dual-camera sleeve.

[0023] Figure 6 An example of an electrical coupler for image data transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0024] Figure 7 A front view of an optical sleeve containing a camera chip according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, as well as its spatial relationship with the sleeve from its position.

[0025] Figure 8 The attachment to the suction / rinse harness according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 1 A perspective view of the optical sleeve.

[0026] Figure 9 The passage according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 8 The depicted sagittal view of the cannula and suction / flushing harness.

[0027] Figure 10A A perspective view of an embodiment of an endoscope with an attached cable according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0028] Figure 10B A more detailed perspective view of an endoscope handle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, illustrating a design for assembly. Figure 1 Various cuts and recesses in various other components of the optical sleeve system.

[0029] Figure 11 The instrument locking key, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, is shown before it engages with the instrument shaft and lever component of the endoscope handle.

[0030] Figure 12 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 1 A bottom view of the optical cannula system, illustrating the streamlined design of the endoscope cord and suction / rinsing hose as they exit the device.

[0031] Figure 13 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 1 A coronal section rear view of the optical sleeve system.

[0032] Figure 14 An embodiment of an optical sleeve system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0033] Figure 15 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 14 The optical cannula system includes endoscopes and tools.

[0034] Figure 16 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 14 An endoscope with an optical cannula system.

[0035] Figure 17 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 16 An exploded view of the endoscope.

[0036] Figure 18 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 16 The rear view of the endoscope.

[0037] Figure 19 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 16 A frontal view of an endoscope.

[0038] Figure 20 The following is illustrated according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 18 The sectional view taken from line 20-20 in the figure.

[0039] Figure 21 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 20 Details.

[0040] Figure 22 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 16 The distal end tip of the endoscope cannula.

[0041] Figure 23 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 16 The diagram shows a front view of the distal end of the endoscope cannula, including the axis of the tool within the working channel.

[0042] Figure 24 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 14 Tools for optical sleeve systems.

[0043] Figure 25 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 24 An exploded view of the tools.

[0044] Figure 26 It shows Figure 24 A cross-sectional view of the gripping part of the tool.

[0045] Figure 27A gripping portion of a tool in an open configuration, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, is shown, along with a shaft for assembling and disassembling the tool.

[0046] Figure 28 The illustration shows a first configuration according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 14 A cross-sectional view of the optical sleeve system.

[0047] Figure 29 The second configuration according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 14 A cross-sectional view of the optical sleeve system.

[0048] Figure 30 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 28 Details.

[0049] Figure 31 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 14 The optical cannula system was modified so that the endoscope body was removed for clarity.

[0050] Figure 32 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 14 For clarity, the optical cannula system has had the endoscope body, wiring harness, and rotating components removed.

[0051] Figure 33 An embodiment of an optical cannula system including an endoscope according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0052] Figure 34 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 33 Analytical view of the endoscope.

[0053] Figure 35A and Figure 35B Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 33 The distal tip of the endoscope cannula.

[0054] Figure 36 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 33 The proximal end of the endoscope cannula.

[0055] Figure 37A and Figure 37B Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 33 The cap portion of the endoscope cannula.

[0056] Figure 38A Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 33 Valve assembly of an endoscope.

[0057] Figure 38BEmbodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 33 A cross-sectional view of a portion of the endoscope.

[0058] Figure 39A and Figure 39B The illustration shows embodiments of the present disclosure of valves respectively in a first valve configuration and a second valve configuration. Figure 33 A cross-sectional view of an endoscope.

[0059] Figure 40 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 33 The curved distal end of the endoscope cannula.

[0060] Figures 41A-41D The embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. Figure 33 Various views of the seals used in endoscopes.

[0061] Figure 42A and Figure 42B The configurations for removable cables are shown respectively. Figure 33 Perspective views and cross-sectional views of embodiments of the endoscope. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The various features and advantages of the systems, apparatuses, and methods of the techniques described herein will become more apparent from the following description of the examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings. These examples are intended to illustrate the principles of this disclosure, and this disclosure should not be limited to the illustrated examples. Features of the illustrated embodiments may be modified, combined, removed, and / or substituted, as will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the principles disclosed herein.

[0063] Arthroscopy is a procedure used to diagnose and treat joint problems. Surgeons insert a small tube or cannula into the joint space through a small incision or inlet. A fiber optic or endoscopic camera is then passed through the inlet and used to transmit high-resolution images of the joint space to a video monitor. Arthroscopy allows surgeons to see inside a patient's joint without making large incisions. Arthroscopy is used to visualize many joints, including the knee, hip, shoulder, ankle, spine, and wrist. Traditional arthroscopy uses a single inlet and a second inlet (with or without irrigation and aspiration) to pass instruments for manipulating tissue within the joint space. A current trend in the orthopedic surgery market is the miniaturization of arthroscopy and associated surgical forceps. Newer arthroscopic systems, such as the Nanoscope system manufactured by Arthrex, use very small endoscopic cannulas in both the first and second inlets to allow miniature surgical forceps for tissue manipulation to pass through the second inlet.

[0064] Smaller incisions and fewer access points allow for improved patient comfort, lower costs, shorter procedure times, and the ability to perform arthroscopic procedures in an office setting rather than a hospital or outpatient surgical center. Until recently, few systems considered visualization and manipulation of tissue through a single access point. The Stryker SPA system uses a dual-cannula device that is inserted through a single access incision. Unfortunately, this access point is made large to accommodate two cannulas, one for the endoscope and the other for a powered micro-debridement device. Manipulating both cannulas through a single access point is technically challenging.

[0065] Arthroscopy generally requires irrigation fluid and aspiration to remove debris and expand the joint for improved visualization. Aspiration and irrigation tubing are attached to connectors on the outside of a rigid cannula through which the endoscope passes. These tubing are oriented perpendicular to the long axis of the cannula and extend laterally from it, increasing clutter in the operating room and frustration for the surgeon during the procedure. Camera head cables and fiber optic cables further increase the number of tangled cables and tubing in the operating room. Two more cables / tubings are added to the mix when a motorized aspiration micro-debridement device is used through a second inlet. Therefore, it is not uncommon to have six tubing / cords vying for space in the operating room. The tubing often becomes tangled and twisted as the surgeon must rotate and twist the endoscope during the procedure to improve visibility, making the procedure more difficult and frustrating for both the surgeon and the nurses performing the irrigation.

[0066] Routine arthroscopy uses standard rod-type fiber optic endoscopes for visualization. These endoscopes have a distal tip that allows visualization at different angles. Some examples include zero-degree, thirty-degree, and seventy-degree rigid endoscopes. When an endoscope with an oblique field of view enters the joint space, the surgeon must rotate the endoscope along its horizontal axis to visualize the entire joint space. The surgeon must also pry the endoscope rod in multiple directions to capture a larger field of view. This shaking or prying can cause greater trauma to the incision site and joint space as the endoscope passes through the incision, not to mention endoscope damage and increased surgeon fatigue.

[0067] Traditionally, only one instrument can pass through the arthroscopic inlet at a time. Some spinal arthroscopic systems have begun to utilize a single rigid fiber optic cannula through which the instrument can pass (JOIMAX® Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery). These systems use a bundle of fibers to transmit images from the joint space through the cannula to a camera head CMOS chip attached to the proximal end of the instrument cannula. This results in image quality potentially being limited by the number of fibers delivering the image to the CMOS sensor. With the miniaturization and increased resolution of CMOS chip technology, an endoscope camera / CMOS chip located at the tip of the cannula will be advantageous. Similarly, these optical spinal cannulas require rotation of the entire handle to change the angle of view or perspective around the instrument axis. This action causes hoses and cords that detach from the handle during forward rotation of the cannula to flip over on the back of the handle. These cannulas are also relatively large in diameter, and in all cases, the instrument must pass through the cannula from the proximal end to the distal end and be operated by a second hand.

[0068] In some orthopedic arthroscopic procedures, a second instrument is required to efficiently manage the surgical task. If a second instrument is needed, a third incision / entry point must be created to accommodate it. This increases surgical time, tissue damage, and patient discomfort. Clearly, any means by which surgeons can improve image resolution, limit the number of surgical incisions, reduce incision size, decrease the need for endoscopic rotation and / or prying, and minimize the number of surgical cords / tuberculi in the surgical area are beneficial and welcome advancements for the surgical market worldwide.

[0069] As previously mentioned, current implementations of orthopedic arthroscopic cannulas, arthroscopic instruments, and arthroscopic endoscopes (arthroscopy) are limited in their ability to operate and visualize through a single incision and cannula. Current systems are cumbersome, difficult to set up, require extended video and stacked accessory components for operation, and are not integrated in a user-friendly manner. Other limitations of current arthroscopic systems include limited visualization within the joint space, the need to pry the arthroscope to access different portions of the joint space, the need for a second or third incision / entry point for instrument access, management of aspiration tubing, irrigation tubing, and cables, difficulties in surgeon hand / wrist positioning, and the inability to rotate the camera orientation relative to the instrument axis and tool tip (and vice versa).

[0070] Therefore, embodiments of this disclosure relate to an improved arthroscopic system design that corrects these current deficiencies while reducing the number of necessary entry points required for certain procedures. In effect, embodiments of this disclosure allow surgeons to free one hand and at least one surgical entry point. By doing so, surgeons can manipulate limbs with one hand while visualizing and using mechanical instruments with the other. The rotating cannula design allows the image angle to be changed without having to rotate the entire wrist or endoscope handle. In this simplified and ergonomic manner, surgeon fatigue is reduced, minimizing the workload typically required for a second assistant. Furthermore, surgical operation time is reduced, patient comfort is increased, fewer parts require sterilization, optical clarity is improved, and the overall cost of the procedure is lowered. Embodiments of the disclosed system also allow surgeons to perform instrumentation using tools with a diameter larger than that on the optical cannula while maintaining optical visualization at the tool tip. Embodiments disclosed herein provide a better "mouse trap / optimal solution" and improved options for surgical instruments and visualization during arthroscopy. Importantly, the implementation of this device will make it easier to move surgery from hospitals and outpatient care centers to doctors' offices, thereby reducing facility and anesthesia costs and improving surgeon efficiency and patient satisfaction.

[0071] Figures 1-2 An embodiment of the rotatable optical sleeve system 100 according to this disclosure is shown. For example... Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the optical cannula system 100 may include a reusable or disposable cannula 120 having an external rotating disk 130. The cannula is assembled to an elongated, semi-circular recess located on the top surface of the endoscope handle 170. Figure 10A In 178), the rotating turntable 130 has a collar extension 125, which also engages with a molded recess in the inner surface of the distal endoscope handle 170. Figure 2 In (173). When attached to the endoscope handle, rotation of the rotary dial 130 causes the optical sleeve to rotate circumferentially clockwise or counterclockwise. At the proximal end of the sleeve 120, there is a suction / rinsing harness 140 permanently or removably attached to the optical sleeve 120. When secured to the endoscope handle 170, the sleeve 120 can rotate freely within the rinsing harness 140. At the proximal end of the endoscope handle 170, there is a molded recess designed to receive the rinsing harness 140 using a "click" mechanism or alternative means, such as a magnet, clip, clamp, groove, or other means not limited to the embodiments described herein. Figures 1 to 2 Not described are the electrical couplers positioned along the bottom surface of the flushing harness 140 and the separate mating electrical couplers within the molded recess 174 at the proximal end of the handle 170 (see [link to documentation]). Figure 10A Endoscope coupler 177).

[0072] In some embodiments, a removable lever 175 is attached to an endoscope handle 170. Bilateral extensions 171 are present along the proximal end of the lever. These lever extensions engage a removable locking key 150, which is designed to integrate with the rear end of an instrument shaft 110. The instrument shaft 110 includes an inner shaft 199 and an outer shaft 190. Movement of the inner instrument shaft 199 within the outer shaft 190 causes mechanized movement of a tool tip attached to the end of the instrument shaft 110 (not shown). A hinged movement of the lever against the endoscope body causes the locking key to reversibly move the inner instrument shaft in the opposite direction to the outer instrument shaft. During this process, the tool tip is actuated. In some cases, when the mechanization of the endoscope handle is not required, the instrument lever can be removed or engaged in a corresponding recess molded into the body of the endoscope handle 170. According to embodiments, securing the lever 175 to the handle recess 172 can be facilitated by a magnet or an alternative mechanism.

[0073] On the back of the locking key 150 is a rotatable instrument shaft rotating disk 160, which meshes internally with a small circular gear 117 formed within a small horizontal section of the outer instrument shaft 110. The instrument shaft rotating disk 160 rotates independently of the locking key 150. When the locking key 150 is fully engaged, a gear protrusion within the inner circumference of the rotating disk engages with a gear protrusion on the outer instrument shaft in a manner that allows the instrument shaft to rotate easily as it exits the proximal end of the optical sleeve. The rotation of the instrument shaft is thus independent of the rotation of the optical sleeve, which is performed by rotating a separate rotating disk 130 located at the opposite, more distal end of the sleeve.

[0074] A removable endoscope cable 180 is shown attached to the lower surface of the proximal end of the endoscope handle 170. Suction and flushing hoses 185, 186 are attached to the lower surface of the suction / flushing cable harness. Figure 11 Various embodiments of how the suction hoses and flushing hoses interact with the suction / flushing harness 140 are envisioned and described below. However, it is clear that a streamlined orientation of all cables and suction / flushing hoses is advantageous compared to the current system.

[0075] Figure 3 A front view of the disclosed optical sleeve system 100 is shown. Figure 3The internal features of the optical sleeve 120 are highlighted. In this embodiment, a single camera CMOS chip 200 is observed to be located precisely inside the periphery of the sleeve. It is important to note that in these embodiments, the camera chip is located at the distal end tip of the sleeve, rather than within a separate camera head attached to the proximal end of the sleeve or endoscope handle. Positioning the CMOS sensor at the tip of the sleeve eliminates any loss of image resolution seen in conventional systems that use confined fiber optics to transmit images to the distal end sensor. With advancements in imaging technology and the miniaturization and increasing resolution of CMOS chips, the disclosed system implementations will demonstrate a progressive improvement in the quality of the displayed images compared to systems using conventional fiber optic technology.

[0076] Figure 3 A flushing channel 210 and aspiration channel 220 oriented peripherally within a lumen or cannula 120 are shown. These flushing and aspiration channels are carried horizontally along the length of the cannula and ultimately terminate in an aperture in an outer cannula, communicating with a fluid chamber located within a flushing / aspiration harness 140 positioned along the rear end of the cannula. The boundaries of the optical cannula's flushing and aspiration channels are formed by the inner instrument shaft 110 and / or instrument working channel 230, the outer optical cannula wall 121, and the central CMOS chip and optical fiber. In other embodiments, an LED emitter placed next to the CMOS chip may be used instead of the optical fiber. In some embodiments, a separate inner working cannula integrated into the central lumen of the outer cannula may not be present, and in other embodiments, the instrument shaft may alone serve as the inner boundary of the cannula's flushing and aspiration channels.

[0077] Figure 4 A perspective view of a dual-camera chip optical sleeve 300, which can be an embodiment of sleeve 120, is shown. Small gaps 320, 321 laterally adjacent to CMOS chips 310, 311 can be used to accommodate fiber optic or LED emitters required for combined illumination. By using two separate CMOS chips in a divergent orientation, images from both cameras can be displayed individually or side-by-side on a split-image monitor. Each image will provide a different perspective of the anatomical scene. Alternatively, the images can be digitally combined or “stitched” together to create a larger panoramic field of view. In this embodiment, the CMOS chips of the optical sleeve embodiment 300 are oriented 30 degrees off-center. Sleeve systems with different camera chip divergence angles using two or more camera CMOS chips are envisioned. By incorporating multiple camera chips into the tip of the sleeve, multiple regions of the joint space can be simultaneously visualized and displayed on a monitor in a partitioned, 3D, or panoramic manner. Conventional arthroscopic systems have a limited field of view limited by the angle of rigid mirror lenses.

[0078] Figure 5An example schematic diagram of image cancellation using a dual-camera chip sleeve configuration is shown. In this application, computerized digital manipulation of combined CMOS camera images allows for the cancellation / removal of the display of instrument axes, which occupy the central aspect of the surgical operation view. A split-screen image 330 of two unchanged pictures created by divergent CMOS sensors is located at the top of the figure. The visualized object 360 is occluded by instrument axes 370, which are centered along the inner aspect of each top image. The lower left image 340 combines the digitally processed images into a single image in a manner that shows the transparent yet still visible outline of instrument axes 380. The lower right image 350 shows a digitally enhanced image where the instrument axes are completely removed from the scene. The photographed object remains visually intact, as if the instrument axes had never been present. One can see how image cancellation techniques can improve the visualization of the joint space during procedures involving reduced entry by digitally removing and reinserting instrument axes from the displayed images, without actually removing the instrument axes from the joint space.

[0079] Figure 6 Various embodiments of how the rotatable optical sleeve 120 interacts with fixed electrical couplers 111a, 111b, 111c embedded within an endoscope handle 170 are illustrated. Fixed electrical couplers 111a, 111b may include contacts to which wires may be attached (e.g., having a service loop connected to the sleeve 120) to provide continuous electrical contact with the shaft 110 and the camera chip 200. Fixed electrical coupler 111c may include circumferential contacts forming part of a commutator. Another part of the sleeve system (e.g., the endoscope handle 170) may include contacts aligned with each of the circumferential contacts to provide continuous electrical contact with the shaft 110 and the camera chip 200.

[0080] Figure 7 A visual schematic diagram is shown illustrating how a one-millimeter camera chip 200 can affect the dimensions of the internal working channel 230, flushing channel 210, and suction channel 220 of the optical sleeve. Comparisons are provided for a sleeve 120 with an outer diameter of 8 mm (240a), a working channel 230 with a diameter of 6.1 mm (230a), a working channel 230 with an outer diameter of 6 mm (250), a working channel 230 with a diameter of 4.1 mm (230b), a working channel 230 with an outer diameter of 4 mm (260), and a working channel 230 with a diameter of 2.1 mm (230c).

[0081] Conventional arthroscopic cannulas typically require suction and / or irrigation ports integrated into the sidewall of the cannula. These ports usually have shut-off valves / levers to regulate the flow of fluid through the cannula. Typically, these ports are oriented between 30 and 90 degrees from the longitudinal axis of the cannula. Embodiments of the disclosed system use alternative devices for guiding suction and irrigation into and out of the cannula. Figures 8 to 9Transparent and sagittal views of the suction / rinsing harness 140 interacting with the optical sleeve 120 are shown, respectively.

[0082] The disclosed cannulation system 100 utilizes the rotational characteristics of the cannulation and uses two independent fluid ports 411, 412 to discharge two independent fluid or suction channels 421, 422 located within the inner circumference of the wire harness 140, respectively, instead of using fixed ports on the side of the cannulation. A series of rubber seals 431, 432, 433 separate the two wire harness channels from each other and maintain a watertight seal to the cannulation wall. A first port 441 inside the cannulation wall aligns with one of the channels inside the suction / flushing wire harness 140 and provides a fluid or suction passage between the spaced suction channels 220 or flushing channels 210 inside the cannulation. A second port 442 can be offset longitudinally and / or circumferentially from the first port 441, and the second port 442 provides passage to the second wire harness chamber 422. By offsetting the port inside the cannulation wall and separating the wire harness channels, the suction channels and flushing channels remain separated from each other. When the optical sleeve 120 rotates, the ports 441 and 442 remain connected to the corresponding internal fluid channels 421 and 422 of the wire harness 140 during rotation.

[0083] In some embodiments, rubber seals or protrusions may be present, attached to the outer sleeve wall and aligned with one or more channels within the suction / flushing harness. These protrusions / seals can be used to seal flushing or suction ports 411, 412 when the sleeve is rotated to a specific circumferential position, preventing further fluid movement through the respective ports. Alternatively, more conventional valve mechanisms may be incorporated into or just outside the harness ports 411, 412, possibly through mechanical extension of the port openings, thereby regulating fluid inflow or outflow in a more conventional manner. Other methods of regulating fluid and suction flow rates via the harness ports are anticipated.

[0084] One aspect of the optical cannula system 100 described herein is unique compared to conventional arthroscopic systems because it combines rotating cannula optics, mechanical activation of the tool tip, suction flushing, and a fully integrated endoscope into a single handheld device. Figure 10A A simplified schematic highlighting diagram of an alternative endoscope handle 170a is shown, in which cable 180 is attached to receiver coupler 179. Endoscope handle 170a has a molded cutout 174 (e.g., rectangular) that integrates into the endoscope housing for receiving... Figures 8 to 9The flushing / aspiration harness 140 described herein. An electrical path may be provided for transmitting image data from a camera chip located at the distal end of the cannula through the length of the cannula to a slack wire within the aspiration / flushing harness (not shown). The slack wire (not shown) is connected to an electrical coupler located on the flat lower surface of the harness, which contacts an endoscope coupler 177 located at the bottom of the endoscope harness incision 174. The electrical coupler may include an image processing module that receives signals via the slack wire (or commutator). The image processing module may be disposed within (e.g., internally) the handle 170a. The electrical coupler may also be connected to the endoscope coupler 177. Thus, the handle 170a can be reusable to reduce component costs. Alternatively, the image data is then transmitted via the endoscope coupler 177 to a cable 180 receiving coupler 179, and then to the endoscope cable, which transmits signals to an image processing control panel located outside the surgical operating area.

[0085] Figure 10B A more detailed schematic diagram of an embodiment of the endoscope handle without an electrical coupler is shown. A curved cutout 181 can be seen within the base of the harness recess 174, allowing the suction and flushing tubes to pass through the bottom of the endoscope handle. Figures 11 to 12 This allows for a better understanding of the spatial relationship between the endoscope handle and the cord leading out the suction / flushing harness. The suction / flushing tubes 185 and 186 can be positioned away from the endoscope handle in an orientation that allows the tubes and cables 180 to be arranged in a parallel, streamlined manner. Figure 12 , 186) exit the device. In one embodiment, two semi-circular recesses 182 may be coupled into the side protrusion along the outer base of the harness recess 174. These recesses will receive along the lever extension ( ) along the rear end of the endoscope lever 175. Figure 2 A small, round protrusion (not shown) is positioned in the middle of the lever extension. This protrusion will be located in the middle of the lever extension, rather than at the end of the extension. The small, round protrusion will anchor the lever to the endoscope handle while allowing the lever 175 to disengage from the proximal end of the endoscope handle.

[0086] Certain implementations and embodiments of the disclosed system allow for the mechanical activation of the instrument tip. Any of the various instrument tips can be attached to an instrument shaft. For instrument tips that are too large to pass through the inner diameter of the optical sleeve's working channel, the shaft can be inserted into the optical sleeve from the distal end to the proximal end. Conversely, if the instrument tip is small enough to pass through the sleeve, the instrument shaft can pass through the sleeve from the proximal end to the distal end, or from the distal end to the proximal end. In either case, the aim is to operate the instrument tip by a lever mechanism coupled to the endoscope handle. The prior art has demonstrated that a mechanized handle can utilize two integrated, one-to-one sliding instrument shafts to operate interchangeable instrument tips and instrument shafts. The outer circular shaft has a central channel through which a smaller diameter shaft can move back and forth. The kinematic interaction between the two instrument shaft components allows the instrument tip to be opened and closed.

[0087] Figure 11 An instrument shaft protruding from the proximal end of the optical sleeve is shown. In this embodiment, the rear end of the inner shaft 191 has an enlarged rear extension that is attached to the inner instrument shaft component. Figure 13 The illustrated embodiment shows this widened shaft section, shaped into a gear-like configuration 193. Such a configuration facilitates precise rotation of the instrument shaft 110 within the cannula 120. In these and other contemplated embodiments, the gear teeth 193 located at the rear end of the instrument shaft 110 can be integrated with gear teeth 161 located within the central opening of a rotatable instrument shaft turntable 160. The ability to rotate the instrument shaft and corresponding tool tip independently of the position of the optical camera chip (which is itself rotatable) will provide surgeons with expanded visualization capabilities beyond those offered by conventional arthroscopic systems. Furthermore, the ability to load the instrument shaft with a larger tool tip or a tool tip constructed in a manner that inhibits penetration through the cannula's inner diameter expands the surgeon's available tool options. Adding articulation capabilities to the cannula will further improve surgical access and visualization, particularly when combined with other features of the disclosed system.

[0088] At the distal end of section 191 is section 192 of the instrument shaft containing a small circumferential central groove. This groove is fitted into the contour of the outer instrument shaft component 110. Figure 11A removable instrument shaft locking key 150 is highlighted. The key is shown positioned before engagement with the instrument shaft and the bilateral endoscope handle lever extensions 171. The locking key interacts with the instrument shaft, suction / flushing harness, endoscope handle, and handle lever extensions to secure all components in position at the rear end of the endoscope handle. The locking key 150 has a front section 195 and a rear section 198, which are connected by a semi-flexible bridge 194 and separated by a slot 196. This bridge 194 acts as a tension hinge to allow the front and rear components of the locking key to be separated from each other. When the locking key is fully engaged, the lever extensions 171 protrude into a gap 197 within the underside of the locking key.

[0089] When the instrument lever 175 presses against the endoscope handle 170, the uppermost aspect of the lever extension rotates counterclockwise around the pivot point, thereby moving the rear section of the locking key 150 away from the front section 195. In this embodiment, the front section 195 of the locking key 150 is fixed against the flushing / suction harness, the external instrument shaft, and the endoscope handle, while the rear section of the locking key engages only the proximal end shaft extension 191. The counterclockwise movement of the rear section of the locking key causes the internal instrument shaft to move rearward relative to the external instrument shaft, thereby activating the distal end tool tip mechanism.

[0090] Figures 14-32 The diagram illustrates an optical sleeve system 500. The optical sleeve system 500 may include, as described above... Figures 1-13 The optical cannula system 100 shown and described differs in structure and function as follows. The optical cannula system 500 may include an endoscope 600 and a surgical tool assembly 700. The endoscope 600 can provide the surgical tool assembly 700 with physical access to the surgical site, visual imaging, irrigation, aspiration, and / or other surgical functions. The surgical tool assembly 700 may be insertable and removable from the endoscope 600. Although illustrated as a pair of grippers, the tool assembly 700 may include any of a variety of different surgical tools. Alternatively, the tool assembly 700 may include cutting tools, debridement tools, gripping tools, grinding tools, cauterization tools, drilling tools, tissue sampling tools, or other types of surgical tools. For example, any and / or all embodiments and / or features of the tools and instruments described and / or exemplified in U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 210,590, filed June 15, 2023, entitled SINGLE PORTAL, SURGICAL APPARATUS, such as surgical micro-debridements, can be used with the optical cannula systems and / or endoscopes described and / or exemplified herein. The entire contents of U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 210,590 are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0091] Endoscope 600 may include a body 670, a cannula 620, a rotation mechanism or assembly 660, an inlet hub 683, a cable 680, a first tube 681, and / or a second tube 682. The body 670 may include a distal end 671 and a proximal end 672. The proximal end 672 may include an aperture providing passage through an outer wall into an interior 673. The body 670 is generally cylindrical between the distal end 671 and the proximal end 672. The distal end 671 may taper toward the cannula 620. The body 670 may include an inlet hub 683. The cable 680, the first tube 681, and / or the second tube 682 may enter the body 670 through the inlet hub 683. The cable 680, the first tube 681, and / or the second tube 682 may extend outwards in a parallel manner to prevent excessive interference or tangling during use of the endoscope 600. Cable 680 can be removably or permanently connected to inlet hub 683. In a disposable handle embodiment, cable 680 can be more easily permanently attached to endoscope 600, eliminating the need for storing a separate cable. Cable 680, configured for removable connection to inlet hub 683, is described in... Figure 42A and 42B The cable 680 in the endoscope 600' can provide advantages such as facilitating the transport and sterilization of the handle 670' when the cable 680 is separated, and allowing the endoscope 600 to be operated independently before the cable 680 is connected. Additionally, in a disposable embodiment, the removable cable 680 can be a reusable component for use with multiple different endoscopes 600, thereby minimizing waste generated by the endoscope 600.

[0092] The sleeve 620 may include a distal end 621 and a proximal end 622. The sleeve 620 may extend along an axis between the distal end 621 and the proximal end 622. The sleeve 620 may have an outer wall extending from the distal end 621 to the proximal end 622. The outer wall may have a cross-sectional shape extending from the distal end 621 to the proximal end 622. The sleeve 620 may include a first channel 623. The first (working) channel 623 may extend from the proximal end 622 to the distal end 621. The sleeve 620 may include a second channel 624. The second channel 624 may extend from the proximal end 622 to the distal end 621. An inner wall 629 may separate the first channel 623 from the second channel 624. The inner wall 629 may extend from the proximal end 622 to the distal end 621. The first channel 623 and the second channel 624 may have substantially the same cross-sectional shape from the proximal end 622 to the distal end 621 (e.g., the cross-sectional shapes of the first channel 623 and the second channel 624 may be independently consistent along the length of the channel). The second channel 624 may include a cut segment 625. The cut segment 625 may extend along a portion of the proximal end 622 (e.g., within the body 670). The cannula 620 may include a metal alloy, a medical-grade polymer, or other materials. In some examples, the cannula 620 may include polyetheretherketone (PEEK), liquid crystal polymer (LCP) materials, carbon-reinforced nylon, glass-reinforced nylon, or other composite materials. The cannula 620 may include a monolithic structure of a single material.

[0093] The sleeve 620 may include a first port 626. The first port 626 may pass through the outer wall of the sleeve 620. The first port 626 may communicate with a first channel 623. A second port 627 may be spaced apart from the first port 626. The second port 627 may extend through the outer wall of the sleeve 620. The second port 627 may communicate with the first channel 623. The first port 626 and the second port 627 may extend through both sides of the outer wall of the sleeve 620. Alternatively, the first port 626 and the second port 627 may each extend through one side of the outer wall of the sleeve 620, which may be located on opposite sides of the first channel 623 (e.g., the first port 626 may be located on a first side of the outer wall, and the second port 627 may be located on the opposite side of the outer wall). In another alternative embodiment, the first port 626 and / or the second port 627 may communicate with a second channel 624. The first port 626 and the second port 627 may each extend through one side of the outer wall of the sleeve 620, which may be on the opposite side of the second channel 624. In another alternative, the first port 626 is connected to the first channel 623, and the second port 627 is connected to the second channel 624.

[0094] The proximal end 622 of the sleeve 620 may be received within the interior 673 of the body 670 via the distal end 671. The distal end 621 of the sleeve 620 may protrude from the distal end 671 of the body 670. A cutout segment 625 may be within the body 670. The distal end 671 of the body 670 may include a hole for receiving the sleeve 620.

[0095] At least as Figure 20 As shown, endoscope 600 may include a forward seal 628. The forward seal 628 may be formed of an elastic material. The forward seal 628 may include a central bore. The central bore of the forward seal 628 may be sized to receive the sleeve 620 and seal against its outer wall. The forward seal 628 may include a portion received at least partially within the distal end 671 of the body 670. The forward seal 628 may provide a liquid-tight seal between the sleeve 620 and the inner wall of the central bore of the forward seal 628, and between the portion of the body 670 and the distal end 671.

[0096] Return to reference Figure 16 and Figure 17 The rotating assembly 660 may include a rotating handle 662, an insertion portion 661, and / or a hole 663. In the example, the rotating handle 662 is configured as a turntable portion 662 having a circumferential outer periphery. The turntable portion 662 may have a diameter similar to or larger than the diameter of the body 670 at its proximal end portion 672. The insertion portion 661 may be cylindrical in shape. The insertion portion 661 may extend in a direction away from the turntable portion 662. The distal end portion of the insertion portion 661 may have a diameter that is reduced relative to the proximal portion of the insertion portion 661. The hole 663 may extend through the turntable portion 662 and the insertion portion 661. Therefore, the hole 663 may refer herein to "channel 663". The hole 663 may include an inner wall sized to receive the proximal end portion 622 of the sleeve 620. The insertion portion 661 may include a first hole 664 and a second hole 665 spaced apart from the first hole 664. The first hole 664 and the second hole 665 may extend through the outer wall of the insertion portion 661 to provide communication within the hole 663.

[0097] Rotating assembly 660 can be assembled with body 670. Rotating assembly 660 can be assembled with proximal portion 672 of body 670. Insertion portion 661 can be inserted into internal space 673. Turntable 662 can abut proximal end 672. Rotating assembly 660 can rotate relative to body 670, similar to turntable 160 of system 100. Proximal end 622 of sleeve 620 can be received within insertion portion 661. Proximal end 622 of sleeve 620 can be rotatably fixed to insertion portion 661 such that rotation of turntable 662 causes sleeve 620 to rotate. Holes 664, 665 can be aligned with and / or communicate with ports 626, 627 of sleeve 620, respectively. As explained herein, this arrangement provides the benefit of allowing sleeve 620 to be rotated and to remain in fluid communication with tubes 681, 682 in various rotational positions.

[0098] Now for reference Figure 21 The endoscope 600 may include a wiring harness assembly 650. The wiring harness assembly 650 may provide communication between tubes 681, 682 and sleeve 620, including during rotation. The wiring harness assembly 650 may include a plurality of spacers and seals configured to create one or more circumferential paths to provide flushing and / or suction to sleeve 620 (e.g., through corresponding first ports 626 and second ports 627, as will be further discussed below). The wiring harness assembly 650 may include a first seal 651, a second seal 652, and / or a third seal 653. Seals 651-653 may be in the form of O-rings. The wiring harness assembly 650 may include a first spacer 654, a second spacer 655, a third spacer 656, and / or a fourth spacer 657. The first spacer 654 and the fourth spacer 657 may be cylindrical in shape. The second spacer 655 and the third spacer 656 may include a double ring spaced apart by extension members 655a and 656a. Figure 32 ). Circumferential fluid paths 658, 659 ( Figure 21 It can be located between the two rings formed by the extension rod. A central hole or channel can extend through the wire harness assembly. The central channel can extend through the first seal 651, the second seal 652 and the third seal 653, as well as the first spacer 654, the second spacer 655, the third spacer 656 and the fourth spacer 657.

[0099] Endoscope 600 may include at least Figure 17The wire harness block 640 is shown in the exploded view. The wire harness block 640 can be assembled around the wire harness assembly 650 to form circumferential paths 658, 659. The wire harness block 640 may include a central hole or channel 642. The central channel 642 may have an inner diameter and an inner surface. The wire harness assembly 650 may be assembled within the central channel 642. Seals 651, 652, 653 may engage with the inner surface of the central channel 642. The wire harness block 640 may include a tab portion 641. The tab portion 641 may be located on one side of the wire harness block 640 to provide it with a non-cylindrical cross-sectional shape (i.e., to prevent rotation within the body 670). A first hole (also referred to herein as a “first wire harness port”) 644 may extend through the outer wall of the wire harness block 640 and provide fluid communication with the central channel 642. The second hole (also referred to herein as the “second harness port”) 645 may be spaced apart from the first hole 644 and extend through the outer wall and provide fluid communication with the central channel 642.

[0100] Continue to refer to Figure 17 The endoscope 600 may include a tool seal 630. The tool seal 630 may be configured to engage with and seal against the shaft of the tool. Therefore, the tool seal 630 may also be referred to herein as a "shaft seal 630". The tool seal 630 may include a first seal 631. The first seal 631 may include a seal that allows the shaft of the tool (e.g., Figures 24-27 The tool assembly 700 has a shaft 710 passing through a blade or slit therein. The tool seal may include a seal body 633. The seal body 633 may be a cylindrical member (e.g., sized to receive the tool shaft 710) with a hole passing through it. The seal body 633 may include a circumferential recess 633a. The recess 633a may be sized to fit an O-ring 632. The O-ring 632 may be assembled within the recess 633a. The proximal end of the seal body 633 may include a tapered recess opening. In some embodiments, the tool seal 630 may be configured to be reversible.

[0101] At least as Figure 22As shown, endoscope 600 may include camera assembly 690. Camera assembly 690 may include a camera chip similar to camera chip 200 and / or additional camera chips. Camera assembly 690 may include a light source (e.g., an LED or fiber optic filament). Camera assembly 690 may be assembled within the distal end 621 of sleeve 620, such as within second channel 624. Signal lines (not shown) may extend along second channel 624 between the distal end 621 and the cut-out segment 625. The lines may be attached to (or otherwise connected to) an electronic controller (PCB board) 675 within body 670. Controller 675 may include image processing capabilities and / or other functions. The connection between the signal lines and electronic controller board 675 may be via a service loop, electrical commutator, or other means.

[0102] Figures 21-22 The internal components of the endoscope 600 are shown. A wire harness block 640 can be assembled within an internal space 673. A tab 641 can engage the inner surface of the body 670 to prevent the wire harness block from rotating within the body 670. A wire harness assembly 650 can be assembled within the internal space or hole 642 of the wire harness block 640. The internal space 673 can be shaped such that the wire harness block 640 is in a fixed position (i.e., rotatably) within the internal space 673, thus securing the wire harness block 640 to the body 670. A first hole 644 can be aligned with and in fluid communication with a first tube 681 through the outer wall of the body 670. A second hole 645 can be aligned with and in fluid communication with a second tube 682 through the outer wall of the body 670.

[0103] A wire harness assembly 650 is assembled within a central channel 642 of a wire harness block 640. A first seal 651 may be located between a first spacer 654 and a second spacer 655. A second seal 652 may be located between the second spacer 655 and a third spacer 656. A third seal may be located between the third spacer 656 and a fourth spacer 657. The first spacer 654 may be located at the distal end of the wire harness assembly 650. The fourth spacer 657 may be located at the proximal end of the wire harness assembly 650. The second spacer 655 may form a circumferential fluid path 658. The third spacer 656 may form a circumferential fluid path 659. Seals 651, 652, and 653 may contact the inner surface of the wire harness block 640 to isolate paths 658 and 659 from each other. Circumferential paths 658 and 659 may be aligned with and / or in fluid communication with corresponding holes 644 and 645 of the wire harness block 640. Thus, circumferential paths 658 and 659 can be aligned with and / or in fluid communication with the corresponding pipes 681 and 682.

[0104] The rotating assembly 660 can be assembled with the body 670. The insertion portion 661 of the rotating assembly 660 can be inserted into the central channel of the wiring harness assembly 650 via the proximal end 672. Seals 651, 652, and 653 can contact the outer surface of the insertion portion 661 to isolate paths 658 and 659 from each other. The first hole 664 and the second hole (port) 665 can be aligned and in fluid communication with the corresponding circumferential paths 658 and 659.

[0105] The proximal end 622 and the sleeve 620 can be received within the internal space 673, for example, through the distal end 671 of the body 670. The proximal end 622 can be received within the insertion portion 661 of the rotating assembly 660. The orifice 664 of the rotating assembly 660 can be aligned with and / or in fluid communication with the first port 626 of the sleeve 620. Therefore, the first tube 681, the orifice 644, the circumferential path 658, the orifice 664, and the port 626 can be in fluid communication. The orifice 665 of the rotating assembly 660 can be aligned with and / or in fluid communication with the second port 627 of the sleeve 620. Therefore, the second tube 682, the orifice 645, the circumferential path 659, the orifice 665, and the port 627 can be in fluid communication.

[0106] The insertion portion 661 of the rotating assembly 660 can rotate along its longitudinal axis (e.g., via a rotary disc 662). The sleeve 620 can be locked to rotate together with the rotating assembly 660. The rotating assembly 660 can rotate relative to the harness assembly 650, the harness block 640, and / or the body 670. Rotation of the insertion portion 661 within the harness assembly 650 can maintain alignment and / or fluid communication between the ports 626, 627 of the sleeve 620 and the tubes 681, 682 via circumferential paths 658, 659. The rotation of the insertion portion 661 within the harness assembly 650 can be at least 90° or 360° and optionally unlimited (e.g., for a commutator).

[0107] A tool seal 630 can be inserted into an insertion portion 661 through a hole 663. The tool seal 630 can be a one-way seal. The tool seal 630 can be inserted into the hole 663 through the proximal end of a rotating assembly 660. The tool seal 630 and the hole 663 can be aligned with a first channel 623. The tool seal 630 (e.g., an O-ring 632) can seal the inner surface of the hole 663. The tapered portion of the insertion portion 661 can provide a seat for the tool seal 630. The tool seal 630 can be inserted into the proximal portion of the insertion portion 661. The first seal 631 can include a first sealing member 631a and a second sealing member 631b. The first sealing member 631a can include a dome shape. The second sealing member 631b can be attached to the first sealing member 631a. The first and / or second sealing members 631a, 631b can include a central hole or slit through which they pass. Optionally, the tool seal 630 can be, for example, Figure 21 The reverse orientation is shown for insertion (e.g., to accommodate distal-to-proximal loading on the intracannulated instrument axis). In alternative embodiments, a rotatable or switchable lever coupled to the tool seal 630 may be included. The lever may be switchable between unidirectional seals (e.g., to accommodate distal-to-proximal loading on the intracannulated instrument axis or seals of different sizes) and / or provide a completely unsealed option, depending on the instrument inserted into the handle.

[0108] Figures 22-23 The distal end 621 of the sleeve 620 is shown, including a first channel 623 and a second channel 624 within an internal space defined by the outer wall of the sleeve 620. The outer wall of the sleeve 620 may include a curved or rounded lower portion 621a. The outer wall of the sleeve 620 may include a flat portion or an upper portion 621b. The curved portion 621a may be attached to the flat portion 621b on either side by a curved or planar side portion. The first channel 623 may be located within the curved lower portion 621a. Furthermore, the first channel 623 may include a first side portion 623a and a second side portion 623b. Optionally, the first side portion 623a and the second side portion 623b may be at least partially separated during use. The first channel 623 may be sized to receive a shaft 710 of the tool assembly 700. The shaft 710 may include an outer shaft 780 and an inner shaft 790. Figure 23As shown, the outer shaft 780 and inner shaft 790 of the tool assembly 700 can be positioned within a first channel 623 of the sleeve 620. The first channel 623 can be sized such that the shaft 710 substantially fills the channel 623. Suction and flushing can occur along the first side portion 623a and the second side portion 623b, or otherwise around the shaft 710. Optionally, the channel 623 and the shaft 710 can be sized such that the shaft 710 separates the first side portion 623a from the second side portion 623b, the second side portion being located diagonally above the first channel 623. In an alternative, the first side portion 623a can be aligned with a first port 626, and the second side portion 623b can be aligned with a second port 627, such that flushing can occur along the first side portion 623a, and suction can occur independently along the second side portion 623b.

[0109] The inner wall 629 separates the first working channel 623 from the second channel 624. The inner wall 629 can extend from the proximal end 622 to the distal end 621. Alternatively, an additional inner wall may be included to further divide the internal space of the sleeve 620. In some embodiments, the second channel 624 may have a rectangular or trapezoidal cross-sectional shape. The shape of the second channel 624 may be sized such that the camera assembly 690 is assembled within the distal end of the second channel 622. Alternatively, an additional camera chip, lamp, or other instrument may be assembled within the second channel 624. The camera assembly 690 may include at least one camera chip 691 and at least one light source 692. In some embodiments, the arched cross-sectional shape of the first channel 623 has a circular portion and a flat portion. The outer wall of the sleeve 620 may have a thickness T1 between the flat portion 621b and the second channel 624. The outer wall of the sleeve 620 may have a first upper circular edge R1 and a second upper circular edge R2. A third curvature R3 may extend below the first channel 623. The inner portion of the outer wall within the first channel 623 may have a curvature R4. The second channel has a height H1 and / or a width W1. The inner wall 629 may have a thickness T2. The outer wall between the third curvature R3 and the fourth curvature R4 may have a thickness T3. The second channel 624 may be spaced apart from the first channel 623 by a height H2. The outer wall of the sleeve 620 may have a height H3 (e.g., centerline to centerline). The first channel 623 may have a height H4. The following figures provide some expected values ​​and ranges for the dimensions of the sleeve 620. Alternatively, other sleeve and channel dimensions are also within the scope of this disclosure. Figures 24-27Tool assembly 700 is shown in more detail. Tool assembly 700 may include a shaft 710 having a tool 720 at a distal end 711 of the shaft 710. Proximal end 712 of the shaft 710 may be attached to a gripping assembly 730. Gripping assembly 730 may include a gripping body 740, a lever 750, and / or an assembly sleeve 760.

[0110] Shaft 710 may include an outer shaft 780. The outer shaft 780 may include a distal end 781 and a proximal end 782. The distal end 781 may be attached to tool 720. The proximal end 782 may include a proximal portion that includes a shoulder that facilitates assembly with gripping portion 730.

[0111] Shaft 710 may include an inner shaft 790. The inner shaft 790 may be a control mechanism for tool 720. The inner shaft 790 may include a distal end 791. The distal end 791 may be connected to tool 720, for example, for actuating a pair of grippers. The proximal end 792 of the inner shaft 790 may be attached to a gripping assembly 730 (e.g., lever 750) for actuation purposes.

[0112] The gripping body 740 includes a distal portion 741 and a proximal portion 742. The distal portion 741 may include a generally cylindrical shape having a slot 743 extending proximally toward the proximal portion 742 from the distal end. The slot 743 provides passageway for assembling the shaft 710 with the gripping portion 730. The distal portion 741 may include a distal flange 745. The slot 743 may extend through the distal flange 745. A proximal flange 746 may be located proximal to the distal flange 745. The gripping body 740 may include a slot 744 for receiving one end of the gripping level 750. The distal portion 741 may include a shoulder or recess 747. The shoulder or recess 747 may engage with a shoulder of the proximal end 782 of the outer shaft 780. The shoulder or recess 747 may be aligned with or accessible through the slot 743.

[0113] The gripping assembly 730 may also include a snap-fit ​​member 770. The snap-fit ​​member 770 may include a distal end having a snap 771. The snap 771 may be configured to engage a proximal end 792 of the inner shaft 790. The snap 771 may be aligned with or accessible through a slot 743. The snap-fit ​​member 770 may include a proximal end 772. The proximal end 772 may include a slot 773. The snap-fit ​​member 770 may be assembled within the gripping body 740 and held in place by an assembly sleeve 760. The snap-fit ​​member 770 may be attached to or connected to a lever 750 for providing actuation of the inner shaft 790. The proximal end of the inner shaft 790 may include a shoulder for engaging the snap 771.

[0114] Lever 750 may include a gripping portion 751, which may include one or more finger-like openings. Lever 750 may include a shaft portion 753, which includes a pivot shaft 752. The pivot shaft 752 may attach lever 750 within a slot 744. Lever 750 may be pivotally connected at pivot shaft 752. Alternatively, lever 750 may be integrally formed with gripping body 740 (e.g., a movable hinge). Lever 750 may include a pin 754. Pin 754 may engage within a slot 773 on the proximal end 772 of latching member 770. Movement of lever 750 may cause latching member 770 to move axially aligned with shaft 710.

[0115] The assembly sleeve 760 can be assembled between the distal flange 745 and the proximal flange 746. The assembly sleeve 760 can rotate about the distal portion 741 of the gripper body 740. The assembly sleeve 760 can be rotatably inserted into and removed from the assembly configuration, in which the slot 763 of the assembly sleeve 760 is aligned with a slot 743 on the gripper body 740. When the slot 763 is in the assembly configuration ( Figure 27 When the shafts 780 and 790 are inserted into the slot 743, they can be assembled through the slot 743. This arrangement also provides a quick assembly and disassembly configuration for the tool assembly 700. After the shafts 780 and 790 have been inserted into the slot 743, the assembly sleeve 760 can be rotated to move the assembly slot 763 and cover the slot 743. This rotation can lock the proximal ends 782 and 792 in place within the gripping assembly 730.

[0116] Figures 28-32 The illustration shows the assembly of the optical sleeve system 500 and the tool assembly 700 received within the endoscope 600. Figure 28 The tool 720 is shown in a first configuration with grippers and a (closed) first configuration. Figure 29 The tool 720 is shown in a second configuration, with its grippers open. A lever 750 has been actuated to advance the snap-fit ​​member 770 and actuate the grippers via a shaft 790.

[0117] Shaft 710 is received within sleeve 620. When loaded from proximal to distal, the shaft is inserted through rotating assembly 660 (e.g., bore 663) and into first channel 623 of sleeve 620. Shaft 710 may be inserted through tool seal 630. Sealing member 631 of tool seal 630 may seal the passage for fluid return through bore 663. First seal 631 may seal around shaft 710. First seal 631 may be positioned distally relative to body 633.

[0118] When loaded from distal to proximal, the tool assembly 700 can be at least partially disassembled. A shaft 710 is inserted within the proximal end 712, entering the distal end 621 of the sleeve 620. The tool seal 630 can be removed and replaced from the bore 663 in a reverse orientation. The proximal end 712 can be loaded from the first channel 623 of the sleeve 620 into the rotating assembly 660 (e.g., bore 663). The shaft 710 can be inserted through the tool seal 630. The sealing member 631 of the tool seal 630 can seal the passage for fluid return through the bore 663. The first seal 631 can seal around the shaft 710. The first seal 631 can be positioned proximally relative to the body 633. The shaft 710 can then be reassembled with the gripping assembly 730. Alternatively, to reverse the orientation of the tool seal 630, a second seal in a reverse orientation can be installed within the bore 663.

[0119] The distal portion 741 of the tool assembly 700 can be at least partially received within the orifice 663. The orifice 663 can include a length such that the distal portion 741 can be inserted into the orifice 663 to varying depths while still engaging with the rotating assembly 660. In this way, the tool portion 720 can move relative to the cannula 620 (e.g., the tool portion 720 can extend and retract relative to the distal end 621). Optionally, the distal portion 741 can be sized such that the tool assembly 700 can be placed within the rotating assembly 660. In this configuration, the tool assembly 700 can rotate together with the rotating assembly 660. In this configuration, the surgeon can free one hand to perform other tasks while the endoscope 600 and the tool assembly 700 are held in the other hand. Alternatively, the tool assembly 700 can rotate or otherwise move independently of the cannula 620.

[0120] Figures 33-42B Example optical sleeve system 500' and its components. Optical sleeve system 500' may include, for example, Figures 14-32 The optical cannula system 500 shown and described has the same structure and function, with the following differences. Therefore, the reference numerals used to indicate various features or components of the optical cannula system 500 are the same as those used to identify corresponding features of components of the optical cannula system 500', except that the reference numerals for the optical cannula system 500' include an apostrophe. The optical cannula system 500' may include an endoscope 600' and a tool assembly 700. The endoscope 600' can provide physical access to the surgical site for surgical instruments, visual imaging, irrigation, aspiration, and / or other surgical functions. The tool assembly 700 can be configured with reference to... Figures 14-32 The endoscope 600' is inserted and removed in a similar or identical manner as described in the endoscope 600.

[0121] Figure 33A stereoscopic image of an endoscope 600' is shown, and Figure 34 An exploded view of an endoscope 600' is shown. (With at least...) Figure 16 Like the endoscope 600, the endoscope 600' may include a handle or body 670', a cannula 620', a rotating assembly 660', a cable 680', a first tube 681', and / or a second tube 682'. Figure 33 In this illustration, for illustrative purposes, body 670' is shown as transparent. The optical sheath system 500' differs from the optical sheath system 620' in that the optical sheath system 500' includes alternative and / or additional channels (e.g., a third channel 601') in the sheath 620', and the endoscope 600' includes a valve assembly 800'. Therefore, various components of the optical sheath system 500' are modified to accommodate the valve assembly 800'. As explained herein, both the first channel 623' and the third channel 601' of the sheath 620' can be configured for flushing and aspiration. The valve assembly 800' can be used to selectively alternate the functions of both the first channel 623' and the third channel 601' between aspiration and flushing. For example, when the valve assembly 800' is in a first configuration, the third channel 601' can be configured for aspiration, while the first channel 623' can be configured for simultaneous flushing. When valve assembly 800' is in the second configuration, the first channel 623' can be configured for suction, while the third channel 601' can be configured for simultaneous flushing. As explained herein, when using optical sleeve system 500', the operator can selectively switch between the first and second configurations.

[0122] As further described herein, the ability of the suction and flushing functions of the channels 601', 623' of the alternating sleeve 620' can provide certain advantages. For example, alternation between suction and flushing functions within the first working channel 623' allows the operator to quickly and efficiently clear or unclog the first working channel 623' during a procedure. Additionally, selectively utilizing one channel (e.g., the first channel 623') for flushing and another channel (e.g., the third channel 601') for suction, or vice versa, allows the operator to control and guide the flushing and suction of the optical sleeve system 500' with greater precision, which is desirable. In another example, the channels 601', 623' can have different dimensions (e.g., different total cross-sectional areas), which can allow for different fluid pressures between the channels 601', 623'.

[0123] Figure 35A and Figure 35BThe distal end 621' of the example sleeve 620'. The sleeve 620' may include a first channel 623', a second channel 624', and / or a third channel 601'. The first, second, and / or third channels 623', 624', 601' may be defined within an internal space defined by the outer wall of the sleeve 620'. In some embodiments (including the example), the outer wall of the sleeve 620' may be curved or circular. In other embodiments, other external geometries of the outer wall of the sleeve 620' are possible. In some non-limiting examples, the outer wall of the sleeve 620' may be octagonal, trapezoidal, oval, crescent-shaped, or combinations thereof. The shape of the outer wall of the sleeve 620' may depend on the desired application and / or internal channel configuration of the sleeve 620'. The sleeve 620' may include one or more inner walls or inner walls within the outer sleeve wall that divide the internal space into the first, second, and / or third channels 623', 624', 601'. For example, the inner wall 629' can separate the first channel 623' from the second channel 624' and the third channel 601'. For example, the first channel 623' can be substantially isolated from the other channels 624' and 601' along the entire or most of the length of the sleeve 620'.

[0124] The first, second, and third channels 623', 624', and 601' may have a substantially uniform cross-sectional shape from the proximal end 622' to the distal end 621' of the sleeve 620'. The first channel 623' may be located within the lower bend of the sleeve 620'. In some embodiments, the first channel 623' may include a main channel portion and one or more side channel portions extending from the main channel portion. One or more inner walls may at least partially define the main channel portion and the one or more side channel portions. For example, as... Figure 35B As shown, the first channel 623' may include a first side portion 605'. The main portion of the first channel 623' may be circular and configured to receive a shaft of a tool or instrument, such as shaft 710 of tool assembly 700. The shape of the main portion of the first channel 623' may be at least partially defined by an inner wall 629'. The first side portion 605' may extend radially outward from the main portion. In the example, the shape of the first side portion 605' may be at least partially defined by inner walls 629', 603b'. The first side portion 605' may be configured for suction / rinsing and may provide an enlarged portion of the first channel 623' (e.g., a gap channel) for these functions. For example, shaft 710 may typically fill the main portion of the first channel 623' (see example). Figure 23Therefore, suction and flushing can occur in the first side portion 605' or otherwise around the shaft 710. For example, the first side portion 605' can facilitate (e.g., allow or guide) fluid communication around the main portion of the first channel 623' and the shaft of the tool (e.g., the shaft 710 of the tool assembly 700).

[0125] Including a side portion 605' in the first channel 623' provides the advantage of defining a dedicated portion of the first channel 623' for suction and / or flushing, rather than suction and flushing occurring only around the shaft 710 of the tool assembly 700 when received in the first channel 623'. In the example arrangement, it is desirable that suction and flushing in the first channel 623' can occur either around the shaft 710 of the tool assembly 700 or in the dedicated side portion 605'. Defining a side portion 605' in the first channel 623' can be particularly advantageous when the shaft 710 of the tool assembly 700 substantially occupies most of the main portion of the first channel 623'. For example, when the shaft 710 of the tool assembly 700 is in contact with the inner wall 629' of the sleeve 620'.

[0126] like Figure 35B As shown, the sleeve 620' may include multiple inner walls that separate the various channels along the length of the sleeve 620'. For example, a first inner wall 629' separates the first channel 623' from the second channel 624' and the third channel 601'. A second inner wall 603a' separates the third channel 601' from the second channel 624'. A third inner wall 603b' may extend from the first inner wall 629' to complete the separation of the first channel 623' from the second channel 624' and partially define the shape of the first side portion 605'. The inner walls 629', 603a', and 603b' may extend at least a majority of the length of the sleeve 620' from the proximal end 622' to the distal end 621'. In some embodiments, additional inner walls may be included to further divide the internal space of the sleeve 620'. In some embodiments, the second channel 624' may have a rectangular or trapezoidal cross-sectional shape. In some embodiments, the second channel 624' may be configured to receive at least a portion of the camera assembly 690' and / or associated components. The third channel 601' may be radially outside the first channel 623'. The third channel 601' may be configured for suction, flushing, or both. In an example, the third channel 601' is configured to alternate between suction and flushing depending on the configuration of the valve assembly 800'.

[0127] like Figure 35AAs shown, the cannula 620' may include a first channel port 602a' that extends through the outer wall of the cannula 620' and into a third channel 601' near the distal end 621'. The first channel port 602a' may be configured to allow fluid communication between the environment outside the cannula 620' and the third channel 601'. The first channel port 602a' may be located on a side of the cannula 620' substantially opposite to a first side portion 605' of the first channel 623'. Positioning the first channel port 602a' opposite and away from the distal opening of the first side portion 605' can provide the benefit of minimizing circulating flow of suction and flushing at the tip of the cannula 620' (or the cannula cap portion 695') when inserted into the anatomical space. For example, as Figure 37A As shown, the first channel port 602a' (and when the second channel port 602b' is included) can be close to the distal opening of the first channel 623'. Therefore, the flow through ports 602a' and / or 602b' can have different directions and positions than the flow through the first channel 623', which can occur primarily through the distal end of the first side portion 605'.

[0128] In some embodiments, the sleeve 620' may be manufactured using extrusion (e.g., polymer extrusion). Extrusion manufacturing allows for various configurations of the internal channels of the sleeve 620' (e.g., first channel 623', second channel 624', third channel 601', etc.). In some cases, various inner walls 629', 603a', 603b' may be formed during the manufacture of the sleeve 620'. In some cases, the inner walls 629', 603a', 603b' may be connected to the interior of the sleeve 620'. In other embodiments, the inner walls 629', 603a', 603b' may be protrusions or grooves that are coupled into the shaft of a tool (such as tool assembly 700) inserted into the sleeve 620'.

[0129] In this implementation, the sleeve 620' may include only one main channel, such as the first channel 623', and the third channel 601' and / or the first side portion 605' may be defined by a protrusion or groove on the tool shaft (e.g., shaft 710). Typically, even in this arrangement, the second channel 624' is isolated from the sleeve 620' to protect the camera assembly 690' and associated components. However, when the second channel 624' is configured for suction and / or rinsing, the second channel 624' may also be defined by a protrusion or groove on the tool shaft.

[0130] Continue to refer to Figure 35A and Figure 35BThe total cross-sectional area of ​​the third channel 601' can be smaller than that of the first channel 623'. Compared to the first channel 623', this arrangement can provide the benefit of increasing the fluid pressure flowing through the third channel 601'. For example, when connected to the same flushing hose (e.g., through one of the harness ports 644', 645'), the velocity of fluid leaving the third channel 601' (e.g., through channel ports 602a', 602b') can be greater than the velocity of fluid leaving the first channel 623' due to the smaller cross-sectional area of ​​the third channel 601'. Configuring the third channel 601' to have a smaller size than the first channel 623' allows for more pressurized fluid discharge from the tip and / or cap portion 695' of the sleeve 620', which is beneficial when removing debris from inside or outside the sleeve 620'. In some applications, higher fluid pressure can be used to displace, alter, or otherwise manipulate tissue.

[0131] In some embodiments, the total cross-sectional area of ​​the third channel 601' may be smaller than the total cross-sectional area of ​​the first side portion 605'. For example, even when the shaft 710 of the tool assembly 700 is received within the main portion of the first channel 623', the total cross-sectional area of ​​the third channel 601' may be smaller than the remaining unoccupied total cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel 623', which may be primarily or entirely defined by the first side portion 605'. In some embodiments, the total cross-sectional area of ​​the third channel 601' may be between 50% and 100% smaller than the total cross-sectional area of ​​the first side portion 605'. In other embodiments, the total cross-sectional area of ​​the third channel 601' may be more than 50% smaller than the total cross-sectional area of ​​the first side portion 605'.

[0132] Figure 36 A side isolation view of the proximal end 622' of the sleeve 620' is shown. The sleeve 620' is with at least Figure 21The sleeve 620 differs in that it may include a third port for communication with a third channel 601'. For example, sleeve 620' may include a first port 626', a second port 627', and a third port 606'. Ports 626', 627', and 606' may extend through at least one side of the outer wall of sleeve 620'. The first port 626' may communicate with a first channel 623'. The second port 627' may communicate with the first channel 623'. The third port 606' may communicate with the third channel 601'. The second port 627' may be spaced apart from the first port 626', with the third port 606' between them. The first port 626' and the second port 627' may be radially aligned about the central axis of sleeve 620', and the third port 606' may be radially offset from the first port 626' and the second port 627'. Arranging ports 626', 627', and 606' in this manner facilitates the ability of endoscope 600 to alternate between aspiration and flushing in the first channel 623' and the third channel 601', as at least as referenced. Figures 38A-39B Further described. For example, valve assembly 800' can be used to selectively direct the first pipe 681' to either the first port 626' or the third port 606'. Similarly, valve assembly 800' can be used to selectively direct the second pipe 682' to either the third port 606' or the second port 627'. Thus, one pipe 681', 682' can be in fluid communication with one fluid passage 623', 601', while another pipe 681', 682' can be in fluid communication with another fluid passage 623', 601'.

[0133] At least as Figure 38B As shown, the proximal end 622' of the sleeve 620' can be accessed through the distal end 671' of the body 670' (see, for example, see...). Figure 34 It is received within the interior 673' of the body 670'. For example... Figure 33 As shown, the distal end 621' of the cannula 620' can protrude from the distal end 671' of the body 670'. The distal end 671' of the body 670' may include a hole for receiving the cannula 620'. During use, the body 670' can be held or held by the operator. Therefore, the body 670' may also be referred to herein as the "handle 670'" of the endoscope 600'.

[0134] In some implementations, the cannula 620' can be removed from the body 670' of the endoscope 600'. For example, a first cannula 620' having a certain length and geometry can be removed and replaced in the endoscope 600' by a second cannula 620' with a different length and / or geometry. In some applications, it may be desirable to have different and interchangeable cannulas 620'. Configuring the cannula 620' to be removable from the body 670' can provide certain advantages. For example, during a particular surgical procedure, it may be desirable to use multiple different cannulas 620' during the procedure. For example, at certain points during the procedure, it may be necessary or desirable to have cannulas 620' of different lengths. Similarly, during the procedure, when the body 670' is configured to be removably connected to the cannula 620', different outer diameters, different channel configurations, different shapes / curvatures (see, for example) can be used. Figure 40 620' of the sleeve (sleeve 620') etc.

[0135] At least as Figure 34 As shown, endoscope 600' may include a forward seal 628'. The forward seal 628' may be formed of an elastic material. The forward seal 628' may include a central bore. The central bore of the forward seal 628' may be sized to receive the sleeve 620' and seal against its outer wall. The forward seal 628' may include a portion at least partially received within the distal end 671' of the body 670'. The forward seal 628' may provide a liquid-tight seal between the sleeve 620' and the inner wall of the central bore of the forward seal 628'.

[0136] Figure 37A and Figure 37B Perspective and front views of the distal end 621' of the sleeve 620' and the sleeve cap portion 695' (also referred to herein as "optical cap portion 695'") are illustrated, respectively. The sleeve cap portion 695' may extend from or be connected to the distal end 621' of the sleeve 620'. In the example provided, the sleeve cap portion 695' may be removably connected to the distal end 621' of the sleeve 620'. In some embodiments, the sleeve cap portion 695' may be permanently or removably connected to the distal end 621' of the sleeve 620'. The sleeve cap portion 695' may accommodate at least a portion of the camera assembly 690' (e.g., a first camera chip, a second camera chip, etc.). The camera assembly 690' may include one or more camera chips, such as camera chip 200 and / or additional / optional camera chips. The camera assembly 690' may be similar to or identical to the camera assembly 690 of the optical sleeve system 500.

[0137] The outer contour of the optical cap 695' may taper distally. For example, the outer surface of the optical cap 695' may include one or more tapered portions 697' extending toward the distal end. Compared to a sleeve with a uniform cylindrical outer surface, the tapered portions 697' allow the sleeve 620' to have a narrower tip, which facilitates improved passage through tissue during operation. For example, one or more tapered portions 697' may at least partially define the distally narrowing outer surface of the optical cap 695'.

[0138] In some implementations, a removable tip occluder (not shown) may be used with the endoscope 600'. For example, the occluder may be inserted distally into the working channel 623' or onto the distal end 621' of the cannula 620' to facilitate tissue insertion and cannula passage. In this example, the cannula 620' can then be removed from the tissue, the occluder removed, and the cannula 620' reinserted through the opened tissue incision / space.

[0139] The cap portion 695' may include a central cut or opening 693', which may be at least partially aligned with the first channel 623' and the first side portion 605'. The opening 693' may allow the first channel 623' (and the first side portion 605') to communicate with the external environment through the cap portion 695'.

[0140] The cap portion 695' may include an opening / hole to receive components of the camera assembly 690'. For example, the cap portion 695' may accommodate one or more camera chips 691' and / or one or more light sources (e.g., a first light source 692a' and / or a second light source 692b'). When the cap portion 695' accommodates multiple camera chips 691' (e.g., two or more camera chips 691'), the camera chips 691' may be placed side-by-side with each other (e.g., within the same opening or adjacent openings of the cap portion 695'). In some cases, the positions or orientations of two camera chips 691' may differ to provide different viewing angles. For example, multiple camera chips 691' may be aligned or divergent from each other, thereby overlapping and improving resolution or expanding the field of view. In some embodiments, two camera chips 691' may diverge between 0 degrees and 90 degrees. For example, the angle between the optical axes of the first camera chip 691' can be offset from the optical axis of the second camera chip 691' by between 0 and 90 degrees (e.g., between 0 and 90 degrees, between 15 and 75 degrees, between 30 and 60 degrees, between 40 and 50 degrees, and values ​​between the above). As explained herein, images from the two camera chips 691' can be digitally combined to produce a panoramic field of view. In some cases, images of the cannula cap portion 695', the distal end 621' of the cannula 620', portions of the tool assembly 700, etc., can be digitally removed or reduced from the combined panoramic field of view. For example, computer processing of various images from multiple camera chips 691' can be digitally enhanced or manipulated because once the instrument leaves the relevant distal cannula lumen of the cannula 620' (e.g., the first channel 623'), it may be necessary to digitally "erase" portions of the instrument axis (e.g., the outer axis 710 and / or inner axis 790 of the tool assembly 700) or the tool tip (e.g., the tool 720 of the tool assembly 700) from the image.

[0141] As described above, camera assembly 690' may be similar to or identical to camera assembly 690 of optical sleeve system 500. For example, a camera signal line (not shown) may be located within second channel 624' and may be electrically connected to camera assembly 690' (e.g., one or more camera chips 691', light source 692', etc.). The camera signal line may be electrically connected to an electrical coupler (not shown). The electrical coupler may be received within body 670' of endoscope 600'. As explained herein, in some cases, external cables, including external couplers, may be configured to be electrically connected to the electrical couplers. In some embodiments, camera assembly 690' (including one or more camera chips 691'), external cables, and / or external couplers may be removed from endoscope 600' (e.g., from body 670'). This arrangement may allow body 670' to be reused in some cases.

[0142] The sleeve cap portion 695' may include a second channel port 602b'. The sleeve cap portion 695' may include a recessed portion 696'. In some embodiments, the second channel port 602b' may extend at least partially through the recessed portion 696'. Figure 37B As shown in the front view, a recessed portion 696' may be formed in one of the tapered portions 697' and may allow improved access to the second channel port 602b'. For example, the recessed portion 696' may increase the accessibility of the second channel port 602b' from the distal end of the optical sleeve system 500'. The second channel port 602b' may be formed in the side of the sleeve cap portion 695' and may be referred to herein as the "side port 602b'" of the sleeve cap portion 695'. The second channel port 602b' may extend through the outer wall of the sleeve 620' into the third channel 601'. Thus, the second channel port 602b' may allow fluid communication between the third channel 601' and the external environment through the sleeve cap portion 695'. The second channel port 602b' may be distal to the first channel port 602a'.

[0143] The communication (e.g., fluid communication) between the third channel 601' and the external environment can occur through one or both of the first channel port 602a' and the second channel port 602b'. For example, the suction function of the third channel 601' can occur at ports 602a' and 602b', and the flushing function of the third channel 601' can occur at ports 602a' and 602b'. Including a plurality of spaced-apart ports 602a' and 602b' communicating with the third channel 601' can provide the benefit of allowing continuous operation of at least one of ports 602a' and 602b' (in the event that another of ports 602a' and 602b' is blocked). For example, if one port 602a' and 602b' is blocked, the other port 602a' and 602b' can remain functional (e.g., providing suction or flushing) until the port is cleared (e.g., by alternating suction and flushing in the third channel 601'). In some embodiments, the sleeve 620' may include an additional channel port along the length of the sleeve 620', the channel port being in fluid communication with a third channel 601' or a first channel 623' and / or a first side portion 605'.

[0144] In some embodiments, the cap portion 695' can be configured for use with multiple different sleeves having various features. The cap portion 695' can provide the benefit of receiving the camera assembly 690' within a small component. Furthermore, because the camera assembly 690' is received within the cap portion 695', the fluid channels within the sleeve 620' (e.g., the first channel 623', the third channel 601', etc.) can have narrower tolerances and thinner channel walls while maintaining sufficient structural integrity. For example, having thinner channel walls in the sleeve 620' (e.g., inner wall 629', inner wall 603a', inner wall 603b', etc.) can provide the benefit of maximizing the portion of the sleeve 620' available for suction and fluid transport. For example, reducing the dimensions (e.g., thickness) of the channel walls of the sleeve 620' can allow for an increase in the cross-sectional area of ​​the channels used for fluid communication (e.g., channels 623', 601') without increasing the overall diameter of the sleeve 620', which may be desirable.

[0145] Conversely, separating the camera assembly 690' within the sleeve cap portion 695' allows the sleeve 620' to be mass-produced in a cost-effective manner. For example, removing the camera assembly 690' facilitates easier mass production of the sleeve 620' using conventional manufacturing techniques such as extrusion.

[0146] Having the camera assembly 690' within the removable cannula cap portion 695' also provides the benefit of allowing for easier modification of the cannula cap portion 695'. For example, some camera and light (e.g., LED) configurations may be larger than others, especially when multiple camera chips 691' and lights 692' are desired or required. Therefore, configuring the cannula cap portion 695' separately from the cannula 620' allows for easier modification of the endoscope 600' for different applications by switching out the cannula cap portion 695' for the same cannula 620'.

[0147] Various embodiments of the cannula cap portion 695' with different configurations can be used in the endoscope 600'. For example, the embodiment of the cannula cap portion 695' can differ from the example provided, with variations in how the tip tapers, where the fluid and aspiration ports (e.g., first channel port 602a', second channel port 602b', etc.) exit the cannula 620' wall and the cannula cap portion 695', and how the camera chip 691' and LED lights 692a', 692b' are positioned within the cannula cap portion 695', etc. In some embodiments, the camera chip 691' and the light sources 692a', 692b' can be housed side-by-side in a single opening within the cannula cap portion 695'.

[0148] In some embodiments, the cap portion 695' may include a channel port extending through a sidewall and through the sleeve 620' into a first channel 623' (e.g., similar to a second channel port 602b'). This channel port may, for example, allow fluid communication between the first channel 623' and the external environment via the sidewall of the cap portion 695'. In this embodiment, the channel port of the first channel 623' may be located on the side of the cap portion 695' substantially opposite to the second channel port 602b' of the third channel 601'. In this embodiment, the opening 693' of the cap portion 695' may be substantially circular and may not include a portion configured to align with a first side portion 605' of the first channel 623'. For example, fluid communication through the first channel 623' may occur primarily through an additional channel port, and when positioned within the cap portion 695', the shaft 710 of the tool assembly 700 may occupy all or most of the opening 693'.

[0149] In some embodiments, the first channel 623' may include a second side portion similar to the first side portion 605'. The second side portion may be located on the side opposite to the first side portion 605'. In this embodiment, the shape of the opening 693' of the sleeve cap portion 695' may be adapted to allow flow from both the first side portion 605' and the second side portion through the sleeve cap portion 695'.

[0150] Return to reference Figure 34 The rotating assembly 660' of the endoscope 600' may include a rotating handle 662', an insertion portion 661', and / or a channel 663'. The rotating assembly 660' may be configured to control the rotation of the sleeve 620' relative to the body 670'. The rotating handle 662' may be configured to be accessible from the outside of the body 670', such as at least... Figure 38B As shown. The insertion part 661' can be connected to the rotating handle 662'. The rotating assembly 660' and Figure 17 The difference in the rotating component 660 may lie in the total length of the insertion portion 661'. For example, in some embodiments, the insertion portion 661' may extend further into the body 670' than the insertion portion 661 of the rotating component 660 extends into the body 670. Figure 38B As shown, the insertion portion 661' can be received within the interior 673' of the body 670'. In the example, the insertion portion 661' may extend through the entire length of the body 670' and protrude from the proximal end 672' of the body 670'. In some cases, the forward seal 628' may be provided at least partially around the insertion portion 661'.

[0151] Continue to refer to Figure 38BThe channel 663' of the rotating assembly 660' may include an inner wall sized to receive the proximal end 622' of the sleeve 620'. The insertion portion 661' may include a first hole 664', a second hole 665', and a third hole 666'. Each of the holes 664', 665', and 666' may be spaced apart from each other along the length of the insertion portion 661'. The third hole 666' may be located between the first hole 664' and the second hole 665'. The holes 664', 665', and 666' may extend through the outer wall of the insertion portion 661' to provide communication (e.g., fluid communication) within the channel 663'.

[0152] The rotating assembly 660' can be assembled with the body 670'. The rotating assembly 660' can be assembled with the proximal portion 672' of the body 670'. The insertion portion 661' can be inserted into the internal space 673'. The rotating handle 662' can abut against the proximal end 672' of the body 670'. Similar to the rotating assembly 660 of system 500, the rotating assembly 660' can rotate relative to the body 670'. The proximal end 622' of the sleeve 620' can be received within the insertion portion 661'. For example, the proximal end 622' of the sleeve 620' can be received within the channel 663'. The proximal end 622' of the sleeve 620' can be rotatably fixed to the insertion portion 661' such that rotation of the rotating handle 662' causes a corresponding rotation of the sleeve 620'.

[0153] The holes 664', 665', and 666' of the rotating assembly 660' can be aligned with and / or communicate with the ports 626', 627', and 606' of the sleeve 620', respectively. For example, the first hole 664' can be aligned with the first port 626', the second hole 665' can be aligned with the second port 627', and the third hole 666' can be aligned with the third port 606'. Therefore, the first and second holes 664' and 665' can be configured to facilitate fluid communication through the rotating assembly 660' with the first channel 623', and the third hole 666' can be configured to facilitate fluid communication through the rotating assembly 660' with the third channel 601'.

[0154] like Figure 38A As shown, the rotating component 660' and Figure 17The rotating assembly 660 may also differ in that the outer surface of the insertion portion 661' may include a plurality of spacer portions 655' along its length. The spacer portions 655' may be cylindrical portions of the insertion portion 661' having a diameter that increases relative to the outer diameter of the channel 663'. The gaps between the spacer portions 655' may define a plurality of recesses. For example, the spacer portions 655' may define a first recess 610', a second recess 611', and / or a third recess 612'. The third recess 612' may be located between the first recess 610' and the second recess 611'. Holes 664', 665', and 666' may be formed in the recesses 610', 611', and 612', respectively. Other recesses defined by the spacer portions 655' may be configured to receive seals, as further explained herein. The spacer portions 655' may function as a conduit for at least... Figure 21 The spacers 654, 655, 656, and 657 of the endoscope 600 shown in the diagram function similarly. In some embodiments, the spacer portion 655' may be integral with the insertion portion 661' (e.g., formed as a single unit). In other embodiments, the spacer portion 655' may be separate from the insertion portion 661' and may be configured to be disposed on the outer surface of the insertion portion 661'. In this embodiment, the spacer portion 655' may be considered as part of the wiring harness assembly 650' of the endoscope 600'.

[0155] At least as Figure 34 and Figure 38B As shown, endoscope 600' may include a wiring harness assembly 650'. The wiring harness assembly 650' provides communication between tubes 681', 682' and sleeve 620', including when sleeve 620' is rotated. The wiring harness assembly 650' may include a wiring harness block 640' and multiple seals. For example, the multiple seals may include a first seal 651', a second seal 652', a third seal 653', and / or a fourth seal 653a' (collectively, "seals 651'-653a'"). In one example, seals 651'-653a' may be in the form of O-rings. The wiring harness block 640' and seals 651'-653a' may create one or more fluid paths for providing flushing and / or aspiration to sleeve 620' (e.g., through ports 626', 627', 606', as discussed further below).

[0156] Wire harness block 640' and Figure 17The wiring harness 640 of the endoscope 600 differs in that the wiring harness 640' can be configured to receive at least a portion of the valve assembly 800'. For example, the wiring harness 640' may include a central channel 642' and a second channel 646'. The second channel 646' can be configured to receive at least a portion of the spool valve 806' of the valve assembly 800', as further explained herein. For example, the valve shaft 808' of the spool valve 806' may be at least partially disposed within the second channel 646'. An inner wall 648' can separate the central channel 642' from the second channel 646'. The inner wall 648' can also at least partially define the walls of the central channel 642' and / or the second channel 646'. The central channel 642' may have an inner diameter and an inner surface. The central channel 642' can be configured to receive the insertion portion 661' of the rotary assembly 660'. Therefore, when connected to the insertion portion 661', the proximal end 622' of the sleeve 620' can also be received within the central channel 642'. For example, the inner surface of the central channel 642' can be disposed around the proximal portion 622' of the sleeve 620'.

[0157] The harness block 640' can be configured to be rotatably fixed within the body 670'. For example, the insertion portion 661' can be configured to rotate within the central channel 642' without causing a corresponding rotation of the harness block 640'.

[0158] The seals 651'-653a' of the wire harness assembly 650' can be assembled within the central channel 642' of the wire harness block 640'. The seals 651'-653a' can engage with and / or abut against the inner surface of the central channel 642' for sealing. Therefore, when the proximal portion 622' of the sleeve 620' is received within the central channel 642', the seals 651'-653a' can be positioned between the outer sleeve wall and the inner surface of the central channel 642'.

[0159] like Figure 38BAs shown, when the proximal portion 622' of the sleeve 620' is received within the insertion portion 661' of the rotating assembly 660', the insertion portion 661' can be positioned between the outer wall of the sleeve 620' and the seals 651'-653a'. For example, the seals 651'-653a' can be disposed within a plurality of recesses defined by the spacer portion 655'. The seals 651'-653a' can be circumferential seals. In the example, a pair of seals is provided on each side of the recesses 610', 611', 612'. For example, the first seal 651' and the second seal 652' can be disposed on either side of the first recess 610', the second seal 652' and the third seal 653' can be disposed on either side of the third recess 612', and the third seal 653' and the fourth seal 653a' can be disposed on either side of the second recess 611'. When arranged in this manner, seals 651'-653a' prevent fluid communication between recesses 610', 611', 612' and their associated holes 664', 665', 666'. For example, each hole 664', 665', 666' of the insertion portion 661' can be fluidly isolated from each other. This arrangement also allows the ports 626', 627', 606' of the sleeve 620' to be fluidly isolated from each other, because ports 626', 627', 606' can be aligned with the holes 664', 665', 666' of the insertion portion 661'. This arrangement also allows seals 651'-653a' to define a fluid passage between the outer sleeve wall and the inner surface of the central channel 642'.

[0160] Continue to refer to Figure 38B The harness block 640' may include a first harness port 644' and / or a second harness port 645'. Harness ports 644' and 645' may be openings or holes extending through the outer wall of the harness block 640'. Harness ports 644' and 645' may partially extend through the body 670'. Harness ports 644' and 645' may provide or allow fluid communication with the second channel 646'. For example, harness ports 644' and 645' may define a fluid passage into the second channel 646'. The first harness port 644' may be configured to receive a first tube 681'. The second harness port 645' may be configured to receive a second tube 682'. Therefore, the second channel 646' may be in fluid communication with the first tube 681' via the first harness port 644' and with the second tube 682' via the second harness port 645'. When connected, the first tube 681' can be aligned with the first harness port 644', and the second tube 682' can be aligned with the second harness port 645'.

[0161] To provide fluid communication between the second channel 646' and the central channel 642' of the harness block 640', the inner wall 648' may include one or more inner holes. For example, the harness block 640' may include a first inner hole 658', a second inner hole 659a', and / or a third inner hole 659' extending through the inner wall 648'. The third inner hole 659' may be positioned between the first inner hole 658' and the second inner hole 659a'. Thus, a fluid channel may be defined within the harness block for communication with the first harness port 644' and the second harness port 645'.

[0162] like Figure 38B As shown, the first inner bore 658' can be aligned with the first groove 610' and the first hole 664' of the insertion portion 661'. The first inner bore 658' can be aligned with the first port 626' of the sleeve 620'. This arrangement provides a fluid path between the first channel 623' of the sleeve 620' and the second channel 646' of the wire harness block 640', which can be in fluid communication with the tubes 681' and 682'. Similarly, the second inner bore 659a' can be aligned with the second groove 611' and the second hole 665' of the insertion portion 661'. The second inner bore 659a' can be aligned with the second port 627' of the sleeve 620'. This arrangement provides a fluid path between the first channel 623' of the sleeve 620' and the second channel 646' of the wire harness block 640', which can be in fluid communication with the tubes 681' and 682'. Similarly, the third inner bore 659' can be aligned with the third groove 612' and the third hole 666' of the insertion portion 661'. The third inner bore 659' can be aligned with the third port 606' of the sleeve 620'. This arrangement can provide a fluid path between the third channel 601' of the sleeve 620' and the second channel 646' of the harness block 640', which can be in fluid communication with the tubes 681' and 682'. As explained herein, the valve assembly 800' can be used to selectively provide fluid communication between one of the tubes 681' and 682' and the first channel 623', and between the other of the tubes 681' and 682' and the third channel 601'.

[0163] Figure 38A A side view of selected components of the endoscope 600', including the valve assembly 800', is shown. Figure 38A and Figure 38B As shown, valve assembly 800' may include valve handle 802', valve hinge 804', and spool valve 806'. Figure 33As shown, valve handle 802' can be connected to valve hinge 804' at a first end. Valve handle 802' is movable relative to body 670'. Similarly, spool valve 806' can be connected to valve hinge 804' at a second end. Valve hinge 804' is pivotally connected to harness block 640' between its first and second ends. Therefore, movement of valve handle 802' along body 670' in a proximal or distal direction can cause movement of spool valve 806' in the opposite direction.

[0164] A slide valve 806' may extend through a second channel 646' in a wiring harness block 640'. The slide valve 806' may include a valve shaft 808', a plurality of seals 810', a first recessed portion 812', and / or a second recessed portion 814'. The plurality of seals 810' may be disposed on the valve shaft 808'. The plurality of seals 810' may be configured to seal against the valve shaft 808' and / or against the inner wall of the second channel 646' during axial movement. The plurality of seals 810' may include a first seal 810a', a second seal 810b', a third seal 810c', a fourth seal 810d', and / or a fifth seal 810e'. The seals 810' may be arranged along the valve shaft 808' to create the first and second recessed portions 812', 814'. For example, the first and second seals 810a' and 810b' may be located distal to the third seal 810c' to form a first recessed portion 812'. Similarly, the fourth and fifth seals 810d' and 810e' may be located proximal to the third seal 810c' to form a second recessed portion 814'. The first tube 681' may be aligned with the first recessed portion 812', and the second tube 682' may be aligned with the second recessed portion 814'.

[0165] like Figure 39A and Figure 39B As shown, when the valve assembly 800' is switched between configurations, pipes 681' and 682' can remain aligned with the corresponding recesses 812' and 814'. Therefore, fluid passing through pipes 681' and 682' can flow freely through the corresponding recesses (e.g., around the valve shaft 808') and into and out of ports 626', 627', and 606' in the sleeve 620'.

[0166] The optical sleeve system 500' can move between configurations to selectively utilize the first channel 623' and the third channel 601' for suction and flushing. For example, the valve assembly 800' can move or switch between a first valve configuration and a second valve configuration. The valve handle 802' can be configured to move the valve assembly 800' between the first and second configurations. Moving the valve handle 802' causes a change in the position of the valve shaft 808' within the second channel 646' of the harness block 640'. The position of the valve shaft 808' within the second channel 646' defines which of the first harness port 644' and the second harness port 645' are in fluid communication with the plurality of bores 658', 659', 659a'.

[0167] Figure 39A and Figure 39B Cross-sectional views of an endoscope 600' in a first valve configuration and a second valve configuration are shown respectively. In the first valve configuration (at least...) Figure 38A , Figure 38B and Figure 39A In the first valve configuration, the first tube 681' is in fluid communication with the first port 626' and the first channel 623'. In this arrangement, the third seal 810c' prevents the first tube 681' from being in fluid communication with the third port 606'. For example, the third seal 810c' can ensure that the first tube 681' is in fluid communication only with the first inner hole 658' of the wire harness block 640'. In the first valve configuration, the second tube 682' is in fluid communication with the third port 606' and the third channel 601'. In this arrangement, the fourth seal 810d' prevents the second tube 682' from being in fluid communication with the second port 627'. In this arrangement, the third seal 810c' prevents the second tube 682' from being in fluid communication with the first port 626'. For example, the third seal 810c' and the fourth seal 810d' can ensure that the second tube 682' is in fluid communication only with the third inner hole 659' of the wire harness block 640'. Therefore, when one of the tubes 681' and 682' is configured for suction and the other for flushing, one of the channels 623' and 601' is configured for suction and the other for flushing. For example, Figure 39A The fluid path through pipes 681' and 682' is shown.

[0168] As explained herein, in some embodiments, the first tube 681' is configured for flushing, while the second tube 682' is configured for aspiration. For example, the first tube 681' may form the distal end of the flushing hose, while the second tube 682' may form the distal end of the aspiration hose. In other embodiments, the first tube 681' is configured for aspiration, while the second tube 682' is configured for flushing. For example, the first tube 681' may form the distal end of the aspiration hose, while the second tube 682' may form the distal end of the flushing hose. In any embodiment, the flushing hose and the aspiration hose may be configured to be removably connected to the body 670' of the endoscope 600'. In some embodiments, the first tube 681' and the second tube 682' may extend from the body in a parallel configuration.

[0169] As indicated by arrow P1, in the first configuration, the first tube 681' can be used to provide flushing through the first channel 623' via the first port 626' of the sleeve 620'. For example, a first fluid path may extend from the first tube 681' through the first harness port 644', around the first recessed portion 812' of the valve shaft 808', through the first inner hole 658' of the harness block 640', into the first recess 610' and through the first hole 664' of the insertion portion 661', through the first port 626' of the sleeve 620' and into the first channel 623' of the sleeve 620'.

[0170] As indicated by arrow P2, in the first configuration, the second tube 682' can be used to provide suction through the third channel 601' via the third port 606' of the sleeve 620'. For example, a second fluid path may extend from the third channel 601' of the sleeve 620', through the third port 606' of the sleeve 620', through the third hole 666' and into the third recess 612' of the insertion portion 661', through the third inner hole 659' of the harness block 640', around the second recess 814' of the valve shaft 808', through the second harness port 645' and into the second tube 682'.

[0171] Although Figure 39A The diagram shows a configuration in which two channels 623' and 601' operate simultaneously for flushing and suction, respectively. However, it will be understood that valve assembly 800' can be in a first configuration where only one of the first channel 623' or the third channel 601' is operational. For example, in the first configuration, the first channel 623' may provide flushing, while the third channel 601' may not provide suction (e.g., by controlling the second tube 682'). In another example, the third channel 601' may provide suction, while the first channel 623' may not be used for flushing (e.g., by controlling the first tube 681').

[0172] like Figure 39BAs shown, valve assembly 800' can be configured from the first configuration (e.g. Figure 39A (As shown) to transition to the second configuration. To move valve assembly 800' to the second configuration, valve handle 802' can be moved relative to body 670' (e.g., valve handle 802' can slide distally). Distal movement of valve handle 802' causes spool valve 806' to move proximally, thereby changing the position of multiple seals 810' relative to sleeve ports 626', 627', 606'. Figure 39B In the second configuration, the position of the third seal 810c' has been changed relative to the first configuration, such that the first tube 681' is in fluid communication with the third port 606' and the third channel 601'. In this arrangement, the second seal 810b' prevents the first tube 681' from being in fluid communication with the first port 626'. In this arrangement, the third seal 810c' prevents the first tube 681' from being in fluid communication with the second port 627'. For example, the fourth seal 810d' and the third seal 810c' can ensure that the first tube 681' is in fluid communication only with the third inner hole 659' of the wire harness block 640'. In the second valve configuration, the position of the fourth seal 810d' has been changed, such that the second tube 682' is in fluid communication with the second port 627' and the first channel 623'. In this arrangement, the third seal 810c' prevents the second tube 682' from being in fluid communication with the third port 606'. For example, the third seal 810c' can ensure that the second tube 682' is in fluid communication only with the second inner hole 659a' of the wire harness block 640'. For example, Figure 39B The fluid path through pipes 681' and 682' is shown.

[0173] As indicated by arrow P3, the first tube 681' can be used to provide flushing through the third channel 601' via the third port 606' of the sleeve 620'. For example, the third fluid path may extend from the first tube 681' through the first harness port 644', around the first recessed portion 812' of the valve shaft 808', through the third inner hole 659' of the harness block 640', around the third recess 612' and through the third hole 666' of the insertion portion 661', through the third port 606' of the sleeve 620' and into the third channel 601' of the sleeve 620'.

[0174] As indicated by arrow P4, the second tube 682' can be used to provide suction through the first channel 623' via the second port 627' of the sleeve 620'. For example, a fourth fluid path may extend from the first channel 623' of the sleeve 620', through the second port 627' of the sleeve 620', through the second hole 665' and into the second groove 611' of the insertion portion 661', through the second inner hole 659a' of the harness block 640', around the second recessed portion 814' of the valve shaft 808', through the second harness port 645' and into the second tube 682'.

[0175] Although Figure 39B The diagram shows a configuration in which two channels 623' and 601' operate simultaneously for suction and flushing, respectively. However, it will be understood that valve assembly 800' can be in a second configuration where only one of the first channel 623' or the third channel 601' is operational. For example, in the second configuration, the first channel 623' can provide suction, while the third channel 601' is not operational (e.g., by controlling the second tube 682'). In another example, the third channel 601' can provide flushing, while the first channel 623' is not used for suction (e.g., by controlling the first tube 681').

[0176] In some embodiments, tubes 681' and 682' can be used for suction and flushing. In other embodiments, tubes 681' and 682' can be used to allow air / CO2 blowing or alternative fluid material to flow through the sleeve 620. In some embodiments, the endoscope 600 may include one or more additional tubes similar to tubes 681' and 682'. For example, the endoscope 600 may include three or more tubes. In this embodiment, the sleeve 620 may include one or more additional channels and / or sleeve ports for fluid communication with three or more tubes. In this embodiment, the valve assembly 800' may be configured to have three or more configurations. For example, the valve assembly 800' may be configured such that each channel in the sleeve 620' can be configured for suction, flushing, and air / CO2 / fluid blowing. In some embodiments, each channel in the sleeve 620' may simultaneously be in a configuration for suction, flushing, and air / CO2 / fluid blowing.

[0177] Including the valve assembly 800' in the optical cannula system 500' can provide the benefit of allowing the system operator to selectively alternate the functions of the first working channel 623' and the third channel 601' simultaneously (e.g., suction or flushing). Advantageously, in some cases, the operator can change the configuration with one hand. For example, the valve handle 802' can be moved proximally and distally relative to the body 670' by the operator with one hand, while the operator's other hand supports the optical cannula system 500', for example, via the body 670'. This arrangement advantageously allows the operator to perform procedures without relying on support to change the configuration of the optical cannula system 500'. In one example, alternating the functions of channels 623', 601' can allow the operator to selectively clear blocked channels 623', 601' or channel ports (e.g., channel ports 602a', 602b'), which may result from blockages associated with tissue debris. Additionally, since the first channel 623' or the third channel 601' can be selectively used for suction and rinsing, the operator can more precisely control and guide the rinsing and suction of the optical sleeve system 500'.

[0178] In some embodiments, the sleeve 620' can be removed from the body 670'. Therefore, the operator can select different sleeves 620' for the optical sleeve system 500' based on the desired characteristics of the sleeve 620'. For example, different sleeves 620' can have different lengths, geometries, dimensions, optical properties, tool compatibility, etc. Figure 40 An embodiment of a sleeve 620' including a curved distal end 621' is shown. (As...) Figure 40 As shown, the sleeve 620' may include a transition or bend region 699' positioned along the length of the sleeve 620' between the distal end 621' and the proximal end 622'. For illustrative purposes, the bend region 699' is shown through a line between the other portions of the sleeve 620'. In some embodiments, the sleeve 620' may be manufactured to include a single component comprising the bend region 699'. The bend region 699' may allow the distal end 621' to be axially offset from the rest of the sleeve 620'. For example, the central axis of the distal end 621' may be at a non-zero angle relative to the central axis of the proximal end 622', between 0 degrees and 90 degrees (e.g., between 5 degrees and 80 degrees, between 10 degrees and 70 degrees, between 15 degrees and 60 degrees, between 20 degrees and 50 degrees, between 25 degrees and 40 degrees, etc.). In the example, the distal end 621' forms an angle of approximately 30 degrees relative to the proximal end 622'. In some cases, an angle between 15 and 45 degrees between the central axes of the distal end 621' and the proximal end 622' may be desirable.

[0179] According to the implementation, using a sleeve 620' with a curved distal end 621' in the optical sleeve system 500' can provide certain benefits. For example, the curved design can allow the operator to access areas that are difficult to access with a straight sleeve. In one example, the curved design can allow for improved visibility of the posterior knee compartment, intercondylar incision, etc. For example, a sleeve with a 30-degree bend, such as... Figure 40 The cannula 620' shown will more closely simulate the angled view from a straight 30-degree arthoscope, and is therefore more familiar to the operator. In another example, a curved cannula would allow for safer passage and maneuvering around tissue because it can better follow the contours of bone, cartilage, tendons, or ligaments, allowing observation and work around or behind the bend without requiring excessive tissue retraction (which is typically required with a straight, angled endoscope). A physician working with a curved cannula can then operate directly on tissue in other hard-to-access areas without needing to create a separate surgical entry point for visualization. Thus, the curved design helps avoid unnecessary contact with surrounding tissue and provides improved observation during use.

[0180] Figures 41A-41D Various views of an example embodiment of the seal 810' in a slide valve 806' that can be used in an optical sleeve system 500' are shown. Figure 41C A cross-sectional view of a seal 810' having an inner surface 822a' (having a first shape) is shown, and Figure 41D A cross-sectional view of a seal 810' having an inner surface 822b' (having a second shape) (collectively referred to as "inner surface 822'") is shown. The seal 810' may include an outer surface 820' and an inner surface 822'. The outer surface 820' may include a circumferential ridge 824'. The circumferential ridge 824' may extend outward from the central axis of 810'. The circumferential ridge 824' may be tapered. The inner surface 822' may define a central opening 826' extending axially through the seal 810'. The central opening 826' may be configured to receive and seal against a shaft, such as the valve shaft 808' of a slide valve 806'. The inner surface 822' may taper or bend inward toward the central opening 826'. Figure 41C As shown in the cross-sectional view, in the first embodiment, the inner surface 822a' can have a rocker shape. Figure 41D As shown in the cross-sectional view, in the second embodiment, the inner surface 822b' may be arched around the central opening 826'. In this configuration, the inner surface 822b' may not taper toward the central opening 826'.

[0181] The circumferential ridge 824' can be configured to have a channel in which the seal 810' (and the associated shaft) is received (e.g., Figure 38B The inner diameter of the second channel 646' of the harness block 640' is larger than the outer diameter. Therefore, the circumferential ridge 824' can be at least partially compressed inward during operation. The seal 810' can be configured to maintain a consistent fluid seal against the shaft and the channel during axial movement (e.g., along the axis of the channel). When the shaft moves relative to the channel (or vice versa), the circumferential ridge 824' can be configured to reciprocate axially relative to the outer surface 820' while maintaining the seal. For example, during axial movement relative to the outer surface 820', the circumferential ridge 824' can move against the inner surface of the channel like a windshield wiper. The shape of the inner surface 822' (e.g., rocker arm bottom or arch) can facilitate the movement of the circumferential ridge 824'. Therefore, the seal 810' can function as a "self-lubricating" seal because the circumferential ridge 824' allows axial movement against the inner surface of the channel, even without lubrication. Therefore, the seal 810' is ideal for applications requiring axial movement and where lubrication is undesirable.

[0182] The shape of the inner surface 822' of the seal 810' can be selected for specific applications, wherein Figure 41C and 41D Each of the seals 810' offers unique benefits. In some embodiments, the arched inner surface 822b' can provide or allow for tighter tolerances. For example, when... Figure 41D In the configuration shown, the arched shape of seal 810' allows for easier compressibility during axial movement. This easier compressibility provides the benefit of reduced surface tension or friction during axial movement. Therefore, when used in valve assembly 800'... Figure 41D When the seal 810' is in place, the reciprocating motion of the valve handle 802' is smoother due to the reduced friction between the seal 810' and the inner wall of the second channel 646' of the wiring harness block 640'. In some embodiments, compared to the arched inner surface 822b', Figure 41C The rocker arm-shaped inner surface 822a' of the seal 810' can provide an improved seal under increased fluid pressure. Therefore, when high fluid pressure is required, Figure 41C The seal 810' can provide benefits.

[0183] Figure 42A and 42B A perspective view and a perspective cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an endoscope 600' configured for use with a removable cable are shown, respectively. Figure 42A and 42BThe endoscope 600' may include an electrical coupler 687'. The body 670' may include an electrical inlet hub 685' configured to receive the electrical coupler 687'. The electrical coupler 687' may be configured to be electrically connected to an external cable (not shown) and, in some cases, magnetically connected to an external cable (not shown). For example, an external coupler of the external cable may be electrically and mechanically connected to the electrical coupler 687'. The electrical coupler 687' may be disposed within the electrical inlet hub 685' and may extend at least partially into the body 670'. The electrical coupler 687' may be electrically connected to a camera signal line (not shown). The camera signal line may be electrically connected to a camera assembly 690', such as one or more camera chips 691', a light source 692', etc., and may be located within a third channel 624'.

[0184] Having an external cable configured to be removably connected to the endoscope 600' (e.g., via an electrical coupler 687' in the electrical inlet hub 685') can provide advantages such as facilitating the transport and sterilization of the handle 670' when the external cable is removed. In another example, this configuration can allow the endoscope 600' to be independently operable prior to the connection of the external cable.

[0185] The specific embodiments disclosed above are merely illustrative, as the application can be modified and practiced in different but equivalent ways, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art who benefit from the teachings herein. Therefore, it is apparent that the specific embodiments disclosed above can be altered or modified, and all such changes are considered to be within the scope and spirit of this application. Therefore, the protection sought herein is as described in the specification. It is apparent that applications with significant advantages have been described and exemplified. While this application is shown in a limited number of forms, it is not limited to these forms, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from its spirit.

[0186] Other embodiments Clause 1. An optical sleeve system comprising: a sleeve including: a proximal portion; a distal end; an axis extending between the proximal portion and the distal end; an outer sleeve wall defining an internal space extending along the axis; an inner sleeve wall extending along the axis within the outer sleeve wall, the inner sleeve wall dividing the internal space into a first channel and a second channel; a body configured to receive the proximal portion of the sleeve; a first camera chip positioned at the distal end within the first channel; wherein the sleeve is rotatable within the body.

[0187] Clause 2. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 1 further includes: a wire harness including: an inner surface disposed around a proximal portion of the sleeve; a first circumferential seal disposed between the outer sleeve wall and the inner surface of the wire harness; a second circumferential seal disposed between the outer sleeve wall and the inner surface of the wire harness, the second circumferential seal being spaced apart from the first circumferential seal to define a first fluid channel between the outer sleeve wall and the inner surface; and a first wire harness port in fluid communication with the first fluid channel; and a first sleeve port disposed through the outer sleeve wall into the interior space; wherein the first fluid channel is in fluid communication with the interior space through the first sleeve port.

[0188] Clause 3. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 2, the wire harness further includes: a third circumferential seal disposed between the outer sleeve wall and the inner surface of the wire harness, the third circumferential seal being spaced apart from the second circumferential seal to define a second fluid channel between the outer sleeve wall and the inner surface; a second wire harness port in fluid communication with the second fluid channel; and a second sleeve port disposed through the outer sleeve wall into the interior space; wherein the second fluid channel is in fluid communication with the interior space through the second sleeve port.

[0189] Clause 4. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 3, wherein the first fluid channel and the second fluid channel are in fluid communication with the respective first sleeve port and second sleeve port during rotation of the sleeve relative to the wire harness.

[0190] Clause 5. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 4, wherein: the wire harness is rotatably fixed within the body; and the first sleeve port and the second sleeve port are in fluid communication with corresponding first hoses and second hoses via the first fluid channel and the second fluid channel, and the first wire harness port and the second wire harness port.

[0191] Clause 6. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 5, wherein: the wire harness includes a wire harness block, the wire harness block including: a central hole defined by the inner wall; and a first wire harness port and a second wire harness port; wherein the wire harness block is rotatably fixed within the body.

[0192] Clause 7. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 6 further includes: an insertion portion attached with a rotation mechanism, the insertion portion being positioned between the outer sleeve wall and the first circumferential seal, the second circumferential seal, and the third circumferential seal of the wire harness, such that the first fluid passage and the second fluid passage are positioned between the outer wall of the insertion portion and the inner wall of the wire harness block; wherein the insertion portion includes a first insertion portion port and a second insertion portion port aligned with the corresponding first fluid passage and second fluid passage, and the first sleeve port and the second sleeve port are in fluid communication with the first hose and the second hose during the rotation of the sleeve relative to the wire harness through the first fluid passage and the second fluid passage, the first wire harness port and the second wire harness port, and the first insertion portion port and the second insertion portion port.

[0193] Clause 8. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 7, wherein the insertion portion is attached to the turntable of the rotating mechanism and configured to rotate the sleeve relative to the body.

[0194] Clause 9. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 5, wherein the first hose and the second hose are configured to exit the body in parallel.

[0195] Clause 10. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 5, wherein the first hose is a flushing hose and the second hose is a suction hose.

[0196] Clause 11. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 10, wherein the first sleeve port and the second sleeve port are in fluid communication with the second channel of the sleeve.

[0197] Clause 12. The optical cannula system according to Clause 11, wherein the instrument axis is disposed within the second channel and separates a first side of the second channel from a second side of the second channel, the first cannula port communicating with the first side of the second channel and the second cannula port communicating with the second side of the second channel.

[0198] Clause 13. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 10, wherein the first sleeve port and the second sleeve port are in fluid communication with the first channel of the sleeve.

[0199] Clause 14. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 10, wherein the first sleeve port is in communication with the first channel of the sleeve, and the second sleeve port is in communication with the second channel of the sleeve.

[0200] Clause 15. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 2 further includes: a camera signal line, the camera signal line being located within the first channel and connected to the first camera chip, the camera signal line being electrically connected to an electrical coupler via a service loop or an electrical commutator; an external cable, the external cable including an external coupler configured to be electrically connected to the electrical coupler; wherein the sleeve, the first camera chip, the wiring harness and any attached tube, the external cable and the external coupler are removable from the body, such that the body is reusable.

[0201] Clause 16. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 1 further includes: a camera signal line, the camera signal line being in the first channel, the camera signal line being electrically connected to an electronic control board within the body via a service loop or an electrical commutator, the electronic control board being coupled to an external cable.

[0202] Clause 17. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 1 further includes: a rotating disk that engages with the outer sleeve wall and is configured to transmit torque to the sleeve.

[0203] Clause 18. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 1 further includes: a tool comprising: an instrument shaft configured to be inserted into the outer sleeve; and a surgical tool located at the distal end of the instrument shaft.

[0204] Clause 19. The optical cannula system of Clause 18, wherein the instrument axis comprises an inner axis and an outer axis, the distal end of the inner axis is coupled to the surgical instrument, the proximal end of the inner axis is coupled to a lever, and squeezing the lever actuates the surgical instrument.

[0205] Clause 20. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 19, wherein the lever is on the body.

[0206] Clause 21. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 19, wherein the tool further includes a gripping portion attached to the proximal end of the instrument axis, and the lever is attached to the gripping portion.

[0207] Clause 22. The optical cannula system according to Clause 21, wherein the tool further comprises: a latch coupled to the lever, wherein the outer shaft is coupled to the gripping portion, and the proximal end of the inner shaft is coupled to the latch, such that squeezing the lever actuates the surgical tool.

[0208] Clause 23. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 22 further includes: an assembly sleeve including a first slot; a gripping portion including a second slot; wherein alignment of the first slot and the second slot allows assembly or disassembly of the outer shaft to the gripping portion and the inner shaft to the latch, and misalignment of the first slot and the second slot locks the outer shaft within the gripping portion and the inner shaft within the latch.

[0209] Clause 24. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 23, wherein the instrument shaft includes a collar, and the gripping portion includes a rotating disk, the collar being insertable into a hole in the rotating disk such that the instrument shaft rotates together with the sleeve.

[0210] Clause 25. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 23 further includes: an instrument seal disposed within the gripping portion; wherein the instrument seal includes a central hole aligned with the second channel of the sleeve and configured to receive the instrument shaft.

[0211] Clause 26. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 25, wherein the instrument seal is removable and reversible to accommodate loading of the instrument shaft from distal to proximal or from proximal to distal.

[0212] Clause 27. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 23, wherein the rotation of the instrument axis is independent of the rotation of the sleeve.

[0213] Clause 28. The optical cannula system according to Clause 27, wherein the instrument axis is coupled to a first rotary disk for rotating the surgical instrument.

[0214] Clause 29. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 1 further includes: a second camera chip positioned at the distal end within the first channel, the first camera chip positioned on a first side of the first channel, and the second camera chip positioned on a second side of the first channel.

[0215] Clause 30. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 29, wherein the first camera chip and the second camera chip are divergently oriented to provide different perspectives.

[0216] Clause 31. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 29, wherein images from the first camera chip and the second camera chip are digitally combined to create a panoramic field of view, and the image at the distal end of the sleeve is digitally removed or reduced from the combined panoramic field of view.

[0217] Clause 32. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 1 further includes: a light source at the distal end of the first channel.

[0218] Clause 33. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 1, wherein the outer sleeve wall of the sleeve has a circular cross-sectional shape, the first channel has a crescent-shaped cross-sectional shape, and the second channel has a circular cross-sectional shape.

[0219] Clause 34. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 1, wherein the first channel has a rectangular or trapezoidal cross-sectional shape.

[0220] Clause 35. An optical cannula system comprising: a reusable or disposable cannula; an external rotating disc; an endoscope handle; a flushing / aspiration harness; an electrical coupler; and a camera chip within a distal end portion of the cannula; wherein a proximal end portion of the cannula is received within the endoscope handle, the flushing / aspiration harness is attached to the proximal end portion of the cannula, and the flushing / aspiration harness is secured to the endoscope handle; wherein the external rotating disc is coupled to the cannula such that rotation of the external rotating disc causes the cannula to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise within the flushing harness; Clause 36. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 35 further includes: a first port within the outer sleeve wall, the first port being aligned with a first fluid channel within the inner circumference of the suction / rinse harness; a second port within the outer sleeve wall, the second port being aligned with a second fluid channel within the inner circumference of the suction / rinse harness; wherein the first fluid channel and the second fluid channel are separated by a seal that maintains a watertight seal with the outer sleeve wall, and the first port and the second port maintain communication with the respective first fluid channel and second fluid channel during rotation of the sleeve relative to the rinse / suction harness.

[0221] Clause 37. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 36, wherein the first port discharges a first fluid channel within the sleeve, and the second port discharges a second fluid channel within the sleeve.

[0222] Clause 38. An optical sleeve system according to Clause 36 or 37, wherein the first port is offset longitudinally and circumferentially from the second port along the outer sleeve wall.

[0223] Clause 39. The optical cannula system according to Clause 36 or 37, the optical cannula system further comprising a suction tube and a flushing tube, and a cable, disposed of from the endoscope handle in a parallel, streamlined orientation.

[0224] Clause 40. The optical cannula system according to Clause 39, wherein the aspiration tube and the flushing tube pass through a cut in the endoscope handle to be coupled to the flushing / aspiration harness.

[0225] Clause 41. The optical cannula system according to Clause 36 or 37 further comprises: a lever attached to the endoscope handle; an instrument shaft including an inner instrument shaft within an outer instrument; and a tool tip attached to an end of the instrument shaft; wherein the lever is coupled to the endoscope handle and the inner shaft such that movement of the lever against the endoscope handle causes movement of the inner instrument shaft in a direction opposite to that of the outer instrument shaft and causes mechanized movement of the tool tip.

[0226] Clause 42. The optical cannula system according to Clause 41 further includes: a removable locking key integrated with the proximal end of the instrument shaft and coupling the internal instrument shaft to at least one endoscope handle rod extension.

[0227] Clause 43. The optical cannula system according to Clause 41 further includes: an axis rotation turntable coupled to the endoscope handle, the axis rotation turntable being configured to rotate the instrument axis independently relative to the cannula.

[0228] Clause 44. An optical cannula system according to Clause 36 or 37, wherein the endoscope handle includes an elongated semi-circular recess on its top surface for receiving the cannula.

[0229] Clause 45. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 36 or 37, wherein the outer rotating disk includes a collar extension that engages within a molded recess in the endoscope handle.

[0230] Clause 46. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 36 or 37 further includes: an optical fiber; wherein the boundary between the first fluid channel exiting at the first port and the second fluid channel exiting at the second port is formed by an inner instrument working channel, an outer outer sleeve wall, and a central camera chip and the optical fiber.

[0231] Clause 47. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 36 or 37 further includes: a wire that carries a camera signal from the camera chip in the distal tip of the sleeve along the length of the sleeve to engage with the electrical coupler.

[0232] Clause 48. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 47 further includes a circumferential contact lead or strip around the outer sleeve wall to allow free rotation of the sleeve while carrying the camera signal for engagement with the electrical coupler.

[0233] Clause 49. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 47 further includes a slack wire for connecting the electrical coupler to the wire.

[0234] Clause 50. An optical cannula system according to Clause 36 or 37, wherein the cannula and any instrument shaft, the camera chip, the flushing / suction harness and any attached tubes, and the electrical coupler and any attached cables are removable from the endoscope handle, such that the endoscope handle is reusable.

[0235] Clause 51. An optical sleeve system comprising: a sleeve including: a proximal portion; a distal end; an axis extending between the proximal portion and the distal end; an outer sleeve wall defining an internal space extending along the axis; one or more inner sleeve walls extending along the axis within the outer sleeve wall, the one or more inner sleeve walls dividing the internal space into a first channel, a second channel, and a third channel; and a body configured to receive the proximal portion of the sleeve; wherein the sleeve is rotatable within the body.

[0236] Clause 52. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 51 further includes an optical cap, the optical cap including a camera chip, the optical cap being configured to be coupled to the distal end of the sleeve.

[0237] Clause 53. An optical sleeve system according to Clause 51 or Clause 52, wherein the sleeve further comprises: a first sleeve port disposed through the outer sleeve wall into the second channel; a second sleeve port disposed through the outer sleeve wall into the second channel; and a third sleeve port disposed through the outer sleeve wall into the third channel.

[0238] Clause 54. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 53 further includes: a wire harness including: a first wire harness port; and a second wire harness port; and a valve assembly including: a handle; and a valve shaft, the valve assembly having a first configuration and a second configuration, the handle being configured to move the valve shaft between the first configuration and the second configuration; wherein in the first configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with the first sleeve port, and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with the third sleeve port, and wherein in the second configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with the third sleeve port, and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with the second sleeve port.

[0239] Clause 55. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 54, wherein the second channel and the third channel are in fluid communication with the respective first and second wire harness ports during rotation of the sleeve relative to the wire harness.

[0240] Clause 56. An optical sleeve system according to Clause 54 or Clause 55, wherein the first harness port is configured for flushing and the second harness port is configured for suction.

[0241] Clause 57. An optical sleeve system according to Clause 54 or Clause 55, wherein the first harness port is configured for suction and the second harness port is configured for flushing.

[0242] Clause 58. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 51 to 57, wherein the second channel comprises a first portion configured to receive a shaft of a tool and a second portion configured to facilitate fluid communication around the first portion and the shaft of the tool.

[0243] Clause 59. The optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 54 to 58 further comprises: a camera signal line connected to the camera chip within the first channel, the camera signal line being electrically connected to an electrical coupler via a service loop or an electrical commutator; and an external cable including an external coupler configured to be electrically connected to the electrical coupler.

[0244] Clause 60. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 59, wherein the sleeve, the camera chip, the wiring harness and any attached tubes, the external cable and the external coupler are removable from the body, such that the body is reusable.

[0245] Clause 61. An optical sleeve system comprising: a sleeve including: a proximal portion; a distal end; an axis extending between the proximal portion and the distal end; an outer sleeve wall defining an internal space extending along the axis; and one or more inner sleeve walls extending along the axis within the outer sleeve wall, the one or more inner sleeve walls dividing the internal space into a first channel and a second channel; a body configured to receive the proximal portion of the sleeve; a first tube extending from the body; a second tube extending from the body; and a valve assembly connected to the body, the valve assembly having a first configuration wherein the first tube is in fluid communication with the first channel and the second tube is in fluid communication with the second channel, and a second configuration wherein the first tube is in fluid communication with the second channel and the second tube is in fluid communication with the first channel.

[0246] Clause 62. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 61, wherein in the first configuration, the first tube is not in fluid communication with the second channel, and wherein in the second configuration, the first tube is not in fluid communication with the first channel.

[0247] Clause 63. An optical sleeve system according to Clause 61 or Clause 62, wherein in the first configuration, the second tube is not in fluid communication with the first channel, and wherein in the second configuration, the second tube is not in fluid communication with the second channel.

[0248] Clause 64. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 61 to 63, wherein the sleeve is rotatable within the body.

[0249] Clause 65. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 61 to 64, wherein the valve assembly comprises: a handle movable relative to the body, the handle being configured to move the valve assembly between a first configuration and a second configuration; and a valve shaft connected to the handle, wherein in the first configuration, the valve shaft is configured to allow fluid communication between the first tube and the first channel and between the second tube and the second channel, and in the second configuration, the valve shaft is configured to allow fluid communication between the first tube and the second channel and between the second tube and the first channel.

[0250] Clause 66. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 65, wherein the valve assembly further includes a plurality of valve seals disposed on the valve shaft, the plurality of valve seals being configured to seal against the valve shaft during axial movement.

[0251] Clause 67. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 65, wherein the handle is configured to be moved relative to the body using one hand.

[0252] Clause 68. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 61 to 67, wherein: the first tube is configured for rinsing and the second tube is configured for aspiration; or the first tube is configured for aspiration and the second tube is configured for rinsing.

[0253] Clause 69. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 61 to 68, wherein the first tube forms the distal end of a flushing hose and the second tube forms the distal end of a suction hose, the flushing hose and the suction hose being configured to be removably connected to the body.

[0254] Clause 70. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 61 to 69, wherein the first total cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel is greater than the second total cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel.

[0255] Clause 71. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 61 to 70, wherein the first channel includes a main channel portion and a side channel portion extending from the main channel portion, the one or more inner sleeve walls at least partially defining the main channel portion and the side channel portions, the main channel portion being configured to receive an axis of a tool, and the side channel portions being configured to allow fluid communication around the main channel portion and the axis of the tool.

[0256] Clause 72. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 71, wherein the third total cross-sectional area of ​​the side channel portion is greater than the second total cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel.

[0257] Clause 73. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 61 to 72, wherein the sleeve further includes a second channel port extending near the distal end through the outer sleeve wall and into the second channel, the second channel port being configured to allow fluid communication between the environment outside the sleeve and the second channel.

[0258] Clause 74. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 73, wherein the second channel port is located on the side of the sleeve opposite to the side channel portion.

[0259] Clause 75. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 61 to 74, wherein one or more inner sleeve walls further divide the interior space of the outer sleeve wall into a third channel.

[0260] Clause 76. The optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 61 to 75 further includes an optical cap for receiving a camera chip, the optical cap being configured to be connected to the distal end of the sleeve.

[0261] Clause 77. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 76, wherein the optical cap further includes a central opening configured to be at least partially aligned with the first channel, the central opening allowing fluid communication between the first channel and the external environment through the optical cap.

[0262] Clause 78. An optical sleeve system according to Clause 76 or Clause 77, wherein the optical cap further includes a side port extending through its sidewall, the side port being configured to allow fluid communication between the second channel and the external environment through the optical cap.

[0263] Clause 79. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 78, wherein the side port extends through the recessed portion of the optical cap.

[0264] Clause 80. An optical cap system according to any one of Clauses 76 to 79, wherein the optical cap further includes one or more tapered portions that at least partially define a distally narrowed outer surface of the optical cap.

[0265] Clause 81. The optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 76 to 80 further includes a second side port extending through its sidewall, the second side port being configured to allow fluid communication between the first channel and the external environment through the optical cap.

[0266] Clause 82. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 81, wherein the side port and the second side port are located on substantially opposite sides of the optical cap.

[0267] Clause 83. The optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 76 to 82 further comprises: a camera signal line positioned within the third channel, the camera signal line being electrically connected to the camera chip and electrically connected to an electrical coupler; and an external cable including an external coupler configured to be electrically connected to the electrical coupler.

[0268] Clause 84. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 83, wherein the sleeve, the camera chip, the first tube, the second tube, the external cable, and the external coupler are removable from the body, such that the body is reusable.

[0269] Clause 85. The optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 76 to 84 further includes a second camera chip housed within the optical cap, the camera chip being positioned adjacent to the second camera chip.

[0270] Clause 86. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 85, wherein the camera chip and the second camera chip are in different positions to provide different perspectives.

[0271] Clause 87. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 85, wherein images from the camera chip and the second camera chip are digitally combined to create a panoramic field of view, and images from the optical cap and / or the distal end of the sleeve are digitally removed or reduced from the panoramic field of view.

[0272] Clause 88. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 76 to 87, wherein the optical cap houses one or more light sources electrically connected to the camera signal line or one or more wires.

[0273] Clause 89. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 61 to 88, wherein the sleeve further comprises: a first sleeve port disposed through the outer sleeve wall into the first channel; a second sleeve port disposed through the outer sleeve wall into the first channel; and a third sleeve port disposed through the outer sleeve wall into the second channel.

[0274] Clause 90. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 89 further includes a wire harness assembly comprising a first wire harness port and a second wire harness port, the first wire harness port being aligned with the first tube and the second wire harness port being aligned with the second tube, wherein in the first configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with the first sleeve port and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with the third sleeve port, wherein in the second configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with the third sleeve port and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with the second sleeve port.

[0275] Clause 91. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 90, wherein during rotation of the sleeve relative to the harness assembly, the first channel and the second channel are in fluid communication with the respective first harness port and second harness port.

[0276] Clause 92. An optical sleeving system according to Clause 90 or Clause 91, wherein the wire harness assembly further includes: an inner surface disposed around a proximal portion of the sleeving; and a plurality of circumferential seals disposed between the outer sleeve wall and the inner surface to define a fluid passage between the outer sleeve wall and the inner surface.

[0277] Clause 93. The optical sleeve system of Clause 92, wherein the wire harness assembly further comprises: a wire harness block; a central channel extending through the wire harness block and defined by the inner surface; a first wire harness port; and a second wire harness port, the first wire harness port and the second wire harness port extending at least partially through the wire harness block to define a fluid passage through the wire harness block to the central channel, wherein the wire harness block is rotatably fixed within the body.

[0278] Clause 94. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 93, wherein the wire harness assembly further includes a second channel extending through the wire harness block, the inner wall of the wire harness block at least partially separating the second channel from the central channel, wherein the valve shaft is at least partially disposed within the second channel.

[0279] Clause 95. The optical sleeve system of Clause 94, wherein the inner wall of the wire harness block includes a plurality of inner holes configured to allow fluid communication between the second channel and the central channel.

[0280] Clause 96. An optical sleeve system pursuant to Clause 94 or Clause 95, wherein the first harness port and the second harness port define a fluid passage into the second channel.

[0281] Clause 97. An optical sleeve system pursuant to Clause 95 or Clause 96, wherein the position of the valve shaft within the second channel defines which of the plurality of bores the first and second harness ports are in fluid communication with.

[0282] Clause 98. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 95 to 97, wherein in the first configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with a first hole among the plurality of inner holes, and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with a third hole among the plurality of inner holes, wherein in the second configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with the third hole among the plurality of inner holes, and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with a second hole among the plurality of inner holes.

[0283] Clause 99. The optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 92 to 98 further includes a rotating assembly configured to control rotation of the sleeve relative to the body, the rotating assembly including: a rotating handle configured to be accessible from outside the body; and an insertion portion connected to the rotating handle, the insertion portion extending at least partially into the body, wherein the insertion portion is positioned between the outer sleeve wall and the plurality of circumferential seals.

[0284] Clause 100. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 61 to 99, wherein the first tube and the second tube extend from the body in a parallel configuration.

[0285] Clause 101. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 61 to 100, wherein the sleeve further includes a curved region between the distal end and the proximal portion, such that the central axis of the distal end forms a non-zero angle with respect to the central axis of the proximal portion.

[0286] Clause 102. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 101, wherein the non-zero angle is between 15 degrees and 45 degrees.

[0287] Clause 103. An optical cannula system comprising: a cannula including: an outer cannula wall having a proximal portion and a distal end; a first channel within the outer cannula wall configured for aspiration in a first configuration of the optical cannula system and for rinsing in a second configuration of the optical cannula system; a second channel within the outer cannula wall configured for rinsing in the first configuration and for aspiration in the second configuration; and one or more inner walls within the outer cannula wall extending at least partially along the length of the outer cannula wall between the proximal portion and the distal end, the one or more inner walls at least partially defining the first channel and the second channel; and a body configured to receive the proximal portion of the cannula.

[0288] Clause 104. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 103 further includes: a first tube extending from the body; a second tube extending from the body; and a valve assembly connected to the body, the valve assembly being configured to switch the optical sleeve system between the first configuration and the second configuration.

[0289] Clause 105. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 104, wherein in the first configuration, the first tube is not in fluid communication with the second channel, and wherein in the second configuration, the first tube is not in fluid communication with the first channel.

[0290] Clause 106. An optical sleeve system according to Clause 104 or Clause 105, wherein in the first configuration, the second tube is not in fluid communication with the first channel, and wherein in the second configuration, the second tube is not in fluid communication with the second channel.

[0291] Clause 107. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 103 to 106, wherein the sleeve is rotatable within the body.

[0292] Clause 108. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 104 to 107, wherein the valve assembly comprises: a handle movable relative to the body, the handle being configured to move the optical sleeve system between a first configuration and a second configuration; and a valve shaft connected to the handle, wherein in the first configuration, the valve shaft is configured to allow fluid communication between the first tube and the first channel and between the second tube and the second channel, and in the second configuration, the valve shaft is configured to allow fluid communication between the first tube and the second channel and between the second tube and the first channel.

[0293] Clause 109. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 108, wherein the valve assembly further includes a plurality of valve seals disposed on the valve shaft, the plurality of valve seals being configured to seal against the valve shaft during axial movement.

[0294] Clause 110. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 109, wherein the plurality of valve seals are compressible.

[0295] Clause 111. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 109 or Clause 110, wherein each of the plurality of valve seals has an inner surface having a rocker arm bottom shape.

[0296] Clause 112. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 109 or Clause 110, wherein each of the plurality of valve seals has an inner surface that is arched.

[0297] Clause 113. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 108 to 112, wherein the handle is configured to be moved relative to the body using one hand.

[0298] Clause 114. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 104 to 113, wherein the first tube forms the distal end of a flushing hose and the second tube forms the distal end of a suction hose, the flushing hose and the suction hose being configured to be removably connected to the body.

[0299] Clause 115. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 103 to 114, wherein the first total cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel is greater than the second total cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel.

[0300] Clause 116. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 103 to 115, wherein the first channel includes a main channel portion and a side channel portion extending from the main channel portion, the one or more inner walls at least partially defining the main channel portion and the side channel portions, the main channel portion being configured to receive an axis of a tool, and the side channel portions being configured to allow fluid communication around the main channel portion and the axis of the tool.

[0301] Clause 117. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 116, wherein the third total cross-sectional area of ​​the side channel portion is greater than the second total cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel.

[0302] Clause 118. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 103 to 117, wherein the sleeve further includes a second channel port extending near the distal end through the outer sleeve wall and into the second channel, the second channel port being configured to allow fluid communication between the environment outside the sleeve and the second channel.

[0303] Clause 119. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 118, wherein the second channel port is located on the side of the sleeve opposite to the side channel portion.

[0304] Clause 120. The optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 103 to 119 further includes a third channel, wherein the one or more inner walls at least partially define the third channel.

[0305] Clause 121. The optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 103 to 120 further includes an optical cap for receiving a camera chip, the optical cap being configured to be connected to the distal end of the sleeve.

[0306] Clause 122. The optical sleeve system of Clause 121, wherein the optical cap further includes a central opening configured to be at least partially aligned with the first channel, the central opening allowing fluid communication between the first channel and the external environment through the optical cap.

[0307] Clause 123. An optical sleeve system according to Clause 121 or Clause 122, wherein the optical cap further includes a side port extending through its sidewall, the side port being configured to allow fluid communication between the second channel and the external environment through the optical cap.

[0308] Clause 124. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 123, wherein the side port extends through the recessed portion of the optical cap.

[0309] Clause 125. An optical cap system according to any one of Clauses 121 to 124, wherein the optical cap further includes one or more tapered portions that at least partially define a distally narrowed outer surface of the optical cap.

[0310] Clause 126. The optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 121 to 125 further includes a second side port extending through its sidewall, the second side port being configured to allow fluid communication between the first channel and the external environment through the optical cap.

[0311] Clause 127. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 126, wherein the side port and the second side port are located on substantially opposite sides of the optical cap.

[0312] Clause 128. The optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 121 to 127 further includes: a camera signal line positioned within the third channel, the camera signal line being electrically connected to the camera chip and electrically connected to an electrical coupler; and an external cable including an external coupler configured to be electrically connected to the electrical coupler.

[0313] Clause 129. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 128, wherein the sleeve, the camera chip, the first tube, the second tube, the external cable and / or the external coupler are removable from the body, such that the body is reusable.

[0314] Clause 130. The optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 121 to 129 further includes a second camera chip housed within the optical cap, the camera chip being positioned adjacent to the second camera chip.

[0315] Clause 131. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 130, wherein the camera chip and the second camera chip are in different positions to provide different perspectives.

[0316] Clause 132. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 130, wherein images from the camera chip and the second camera chip are digitally combined to produce a panoramic field of view, and images from the combined panoramic field of view are digitally removed or reduced from the distal end of the optical cap and / or the sleeve.

[0317] Clause 133. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 121 to 132, wherein the optical cap accommodates one or more light sources.

[0318] Clause 134. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 103 to 133, wherein the sleeve further comprises: a first sleeve port disposed through the outer sleeve wall into the first channel; a second sleeve port disposed through the outer sleeve wall into the first channel; and a third sleeve port disposed through the outer sleeve wall into the second channel.

[0319] Clause 135. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 134 further includes a wire harness assembly including a first wire harness port and a second wire harness port, the first wire harness port being aligned with the first tube and the second wire harness port being aligned with the second tube, wherein in the first configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with the first sleeve port and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with the third sleeve port, wherein in the second configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with the third sleeve port and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with the second sleeve port.

[0320] Clause 136. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 135, wherein the first channel and the second channel are in fluid communication with the respective first and second wire harness ports during rotation of the sleeve relative to the wire harness assembly.

[0321] Clause 137. An optical sleeving system according to Clause 135 or Clause 136, wherein the wire harness assembly includes: an inner surface disposed around a proximal portion of the sleeving; and a plurality of circumferential seals disposed between the outer sleeve wall and the inner surface to define a fluid passage between the outer sleeve wall and the inner surface.

[0322] Clause 138. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 137, wherein the wire harness assembly further includes a wire harness block comprising: a central channel defined by the inner surface; a first wire harness port; and a second wire harness port, wherein the wire harness block is rotatably fixed within the body.

[0323] Clause 139. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 138, wherein the wire harness block further includes a second channel, the inner wall of the wire harness block at least partially separating the second channel from the central channel, wherein the valve shaft is at least partially disposed within the second channel.

[0324] Clause 140. The optical sleeve system of Clause 139, wherein the inner wall of the wire harness block includes a plurality of inner holes configured to allow fluid communication between the second channel and the central channel.

[0325] Clause 141. An optical sleeve system according to Clause 139 or Clause 140, wherein the first harness port and the second harness port define a fluid passage into the second channel.

[0326] Clause 142. An optical sleeve system according to Clause 140 or Clause 141, wherein the position of the valve shaft within the second channel defines which of the plurality of bores the first harness port and the second harness port are in fluid communication with.

[0327] Clause 143. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 140-142, wherein in the first configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with a first hole among the plurality of inner holes, and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with a third hole among the plurality of inner holes, wherein in the second configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with the third hole among the plurality of inner holes, and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with a second hole among the plurality of inner holes.

[0328] Clause 144. The optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 137 to 143 further includes a rotation mechanism configured to control rotation of the sleeve relative to the body, the rotation mechanism comprising: a rotation handle configured to be accessible from outside the body; and an insertion portion connected to the rotation handle, the insertion portion extending at least partially into the body, wherein the insertion portion is positioned between the outer sleeve wall and the plurality of circumferential seals.

[0329] Clause 145. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 104 to 144, wherein the first tube and the second tube extend from the body in a parallel configuration.

[0330] Clause 146. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 103 to 145, wherein the sleeve further includes a curved region between the distal end and the proximal portion, such that the central axis of the distal end forms a non-zero angle with respect to the central axis of the proximal portion.

[0331] Clause 147. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 146, wherein the non-zero angle is between 15 degrees and 45 degrees.

[0332] Clause 148. The optical cannula system according to any one of Clauses 61 to 102 or Clauses 103 to 147 further comprises: a tool comprising: an instrument shaft configured to be inserted into the first channel; and a surgical tool located at the distal end of the instrument shaft.

[0333] Clause 149. The optical cannula system according to Clause 148, wherein the instrument axis comprises an inner axis and an outer axis, the distal end of the inner axis is connected to the surgical instrument, and the proximal end of the inner axis is connected to a lever, wherein squeezing the lever actuates the surgical instrument.

[0334] Clause 150. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 149, wherein the lever is located on the body.

[0335] Clause 151. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 149, wherein the tool further includes a gripping portion attached to the proximal end of the instrument shaft, the lever being attached to the gripping portion.

[0336] Clause 152. The optical cannula system according to Clause 151, wherein the tool further comprises: a snap fastener connected to the lever, wherein the outer shaft is connected to the gripping portion, and the proximal end of the inner shaft is connected to the snap fastener, such that squeezing the lever actuates the surgical tool.

[0337] Clause 153. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 152 further includes: an assembly sleeve including a first groove; and the gripping portion including a second groove, wherein alignment of the first groove and the second groove allows assembly or disassembly of the outer shaft to the gripping portion and assembly or disassembly of the inner shaft to the snap fastener, and wherein misalignment of the first groove and the second groove locks the outer shaft within the gripping portion and the inner shaft within the snap fastener.

[0338] Clause 154. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 153, wherein the instrument shaft includes a collar and the gripping portion includes a rotating disk, the collar being insertable into a hole in the rotating disk such that the instrument shaft rotates together with the sleeve.

[0339] Clause 155. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 153 further includes: an instrument seal disposed within the gripping portion; wherein the instrument seal includes a central hole aligned with the second channel of the sleeve and configured to receive the instrument shaft.

[0340] Clause 156. The optical sleeve system according to Clause 155, wherein the instrument seal is removable and reversible to accommodate distal-to-proximal or proximal-to-distal loading of the instrument axis.

[0341] Clause 157. An optical sleeve system according to any one of Clauses 148 to 156, wherein the rotation of the instrument axis is independent of the rotation of the sleeve.

[0342] Clause 158. The optical cannula system according to Clause 157, wherein the instrument axis is connected to a first rotating disk for rotating the surgical instrument.

[0343] Clause 159. An optical sleeve system comprising: a handle including: a body; a first port extending at least partially through the body, the first port configured to connect to a first flexible tube; and a second port extending at least partially through the body, the second port configured to connect to a second flexible tube; and a sleeve including: an outer sleeve wall having a proximal portion and a distal end, the proximal portion configured to be disposed within the body; a first channel within the outer sleeve wall, the first channel being configured to be in fluid communication with the first port in a first configuration and to be in fluid communication with the second port in a second configuration; and a second channel within the outer sleeve wall, the second channel being configured to be in fluid communication with the second port in the first configuration and to be in fluid communication with the first port in the second configuration.

[0344] Clause 160. The optical sleeve system described in Clause 159 further includes any feature described in any one of Clauses 1-158.

[0345] certain terms Orientation terms used herein, such as “top,” “bottom,” “proximal,” “distal,” “longitudinal,” “lateral,” and “end,” are used in the context of the examples shown. However, this disclosure should not be limited to the orientations shown. In fact, other orientations are possible and within the scope of this disclosure. Terms relating to circular shapes, such as diameter or radius, as used herein should be understood not to require a perfectly circular structure, but rather to apply to any suitable structure having a cross-sectional area that can be measured from one side to the other. Generally, shape-related terms, such as “circular,” “cylindrical,” “semi-circular,” or “semi-cylindrical,” or any related or similar terms, need not strictly adhere to the mathematical definitions of a circle, cylinder, or other structure, but may cover structures that are reasonably approximated.

[0346] Conditional languages ​​such as “may,” “can,” “may,” or “can” are generally intended to convey whether certain examples include or exclude certain features, elements, and / or steps, unless otherwise specified or otherwise understood in the context in which they are used. Therefore, such conditional languages ​​do not generally imply that one or more examples require features, elements, and / or steps in any way.

[0347] Conjunctive language, such as the phrase "at least one of X, Y, and Z," should be understood in context unless explicitly stated otherwise, and is generally used to indicate that an item, term, etc., could be any one of X, Y, or Z. Therefore, this connective language is not typically intended to imply that some example requires the presence of at least one of X, at least one of Y, and at least one of Z.

[0348] The terms “approximately,” “about,” and “substantially” as used herein mean a quantity that is close to the stated quantity and still performs the desired function or achieves the desired result. For example, in some examples, as the context dictates, the terms “about,” “approximately,” and “substantially” may refer to a quantity less than or equal to 10% of the stated quantity. The term “generally” as used herein means a value, quantity, or characteristic that primarily comprises or tends to include a particular value, quantity, or characteristic. For example, in some examples, depending on the context, the term “substantially parallel” may refer to a situation where the difference from perfect parallelism is less than or equal to 20 degrees. All ranges include endpoints.

[0349] Summarize Several exemplary examples of optical sleeve systems have been disclosed. Although this disclosure has been described with reference to certain illustrative examples and uses, other examples and uses, including those that do not provide all the features and advantages set forth herein, are also within the scope of this disclosure. Components, elements, features, actions, or steps can be arranged or performed differently from those described, and components, elements, features, actions, or steps can be combined, incorporated, added, or omitted in various examples. All possible combinations and sub-combinations of the elements and components described herein are intended to be included in this disclosure. No single feature or set of features is necessary or indispensable.

[0350] Some features described in this disclosure in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple embodiments. Furthermore, although features may be described above as functioning in certain combinations, in some cases, one or more features from a claimed combination may be removed from that combination, and that combination may be claimed as a sub-combination or a variation of a sub-combination.

[0351] Any step, process, structure, and / or apparatus disclosed or illustrated in one example of this disclosure may be combined or used with (or in place of) any other part of any step disclosed or illustrated in different examples or flowcharts. The examples described herein are not intended to be separate from or independent of each other; combinations, variations, and some implementations of the disclosed features are within the scope of this disclosure.

[0352] While operations may be depicted in the accompanying drawings or described in the specification in a specific order, such operations need not be performed in the specific order or sequence shown, or all operations need to be performed to obtain the desired result. Other operations not depicted or described can be incorporated into these exemplary methods and processes. For example, one or more additional operations can be performed before, after, simultaneously with, or between any described operations. Furthermore, these operations can be rearranged or reordered in some embodiments. Moreover, the separation of various components in the above embodiments should not be construed as requiring such separation in all embodiments, and it should be understood that the described components and systems can generally be integrated into a single product or packaged into multiple products. Furthermore, some embodiments are within the scope of this disclosure.

[0353] Furthermore, while illustrative examples have been described, any examples with equivalent elements, modifications, omissions, and / or combinations are also within the scope of this disclosure. Moreover, although certain aspects, advantages, and novel features are described herein, not all of these advantages can be achieved based on any particular example. For example, some examples within the scope of this disclosure achieve one or a set of advantages as taught herein, without necessarily achieving other advantages taught or suggested herein. Furthermore, some examples may achieve advantages different from those taught or suggested herein.

[0354] Several examples have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings are drawn to scale and / or shown, but this scale should not be limiting, as dimensions and ratios other than those shown are also considered and are within the scope of the disclosed invention. Distances, angles, etc., are illustrative only and do not necessarily have a precise relationship to the actual dimensions and layout of the illustrated apparatus. Components can be added, removed, and / or rearranged. Furthermore, the disclosure herein of any particular feature, aspect, method, property, characteristic, quality, attribute, element, etc., in conjunction with various examples, can be applied to all other examples set forth herein. Moreover, any method described herein can be practiced using any apparatus suitable for performing the stated steps.

[0355] For the purposes of this disclosure, certain aspects, advantages, and features of the invention have been described herein. Not all or any of these advantages must be realized according to any particular example of the invention disclosed herein. No aspect of this disclosure is essential or indispensable. In many examples, apparatus, systems, and methods may differ from those shown in the accompanying drawings or description. For example, the various functions provided by the illustrated modules can be combined, rearranged, added, or removed. In some embodiments, additional or different processors or modules may perform some or all of the functions described in the examples described and illustrated with reference to the drawings. Many variations of the embodiments are possible. Any feature, structure, step, or process disclosed in this specification can be included in any example.

[0356] In summary, various examples of optical sleeve systems and related methods have been disclosed. This disclosure goes beyond the specific examples disclosed and extends to other alternative examples and / or other uses of the examples, as well as certain modifications and equivalents thereof. Furthermore, this disclosure expressly contemplates that various features and aspects of the disclosed examples can be combined or substituted with each other. Therefore, the scope of this disclosure should not be limited to the specific examples disclosed above, but should be determined only by a fair reading of the claims.

Claims

1. An optical sleeve system, comprising: A sleeve, the sleeve comprising: Proximal portion; distal end; An axis extending between the proximal portion and the distal end; An outer tube wall, the outer tube wall defining an internal space extending along the axis; and One or more inner sleeve walls extend along the axis within the outer sleeve wall, the one or more inner sleeve walls dividing the internal space into a first channel and a second channel; A body configured to receive the proximal portion of the sleeve; The first tube extending from the main body; A second tube extending from the body; and A valve assembly connected to the body, the valve assembly having a first configuration in which the first pipe is in fluid communication with the first channel and the second pipe is in fluid communication with the second channel, and a second configuration in which the first pipe is in fluid communication with the second channel and the second pipe is in fluid communication with the first channel.

2. The optical sleeve system of claim 1, wherein in the first configuration, the first tube is not in fluid communication with the second channel, and wherein in the second configuration, the first tube is not in fluid communication with the first channel.

3. The optical sleeve system according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein in the first configuration, the second tube is not in fluid communication with the first channel, and wherein in the second configuration, the second tube is not in fluid communication with the second channel.

4. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sleeve is rotatable within the body.

5. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the valve assembly comprises: A handle, movable relative to the body, configured to move the valve assembly between a first configuration and a second configuration; as well as A valve shaft connected to the handle, in the first configuration, is configured to allow fluid communication between the first tube and the first channel and between the second tube and the second channel, and in the second configuration, the valve shaft is configured to allow fluid communication between the first tube and the second channel and between the second tube and the first channel.

6. The optical sleeve system of claim 5, wherein the valve assembly further includes a plurality of valve seals disposed on the valve shaft, the plurality of valve seals being configured to seal against the valve shaft during axial movement.

7. The optical sleeve system of claim 5, wherein the handle is configured to be moved relative to the body using one hand.

8. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The first tube is configured for flushing, and the second tube is configured for suction; or The first tube is configured for suction and the second tube is configured for rinsing.

9. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first tube forms the distal end of the flushing hose and the second tube forms the distal end of the suction hose, the flushing hose and the suction hose being configured to be removably connected to the body.

10. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first total cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel is greater than the second total cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel.

11. The optical sleeve system of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first channel includes a main channel portion and a side channel portion extending from the main channel portion, the one or more inner sleeve walls at least partially defining the main channel portion and the side channel portions, the main channel portion being configured to receive an axis of a tool, and the side channel portions being configured to allow fluid communication around the main channel portion and the axis of the tool.

12. The optical sleeve system of claim 11, wherein the third total cross-sectional area of ​​the side channel portion is greater than the second total cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel.

13. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the sleeve further includes a second channel port extending through the outer sleeve wall and into the second channel near the distal end, the second channel port being configured to allow fluid communication between the environment outside the sleeve and the second channel.

14. The optical sleeve system of claim 13, wherein the second channel port is located on the side of the sleeve opposite to the side channel portion.

15. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein one or more inner sleeve walls further divide the interior space of the outer sleeve wall into a third channel.

16. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 1 to 15, further comprising an optical cap for receiving a camera chip, the optical cap being configured to be connected to the distal end of the sleeve.

17. The optical sleeve system of claim 16, wherein the optical cap further includes a central opening configured to be at least partially aligned with the first channel, the central opening allowing fluid communication between the first channel and the external environment through the optical cap.

18. The optical sleeve system of claim 16 or claim 17, wherein the optical cap further includes a side port extending through its sidewall, the side port being configured to allow fluid communication between the second channel and the external environment through the optical cap.

19. The optical sleeve system of claim 18, wherein the side port extends through the recessed portion of the optical cap.

20. The optical cap system according to any one of claims 16 to 19, wherein the optical cap further includes one or more tapered portions, the one or more tapered portions at least partially defining a distally narrowed outer surface of the optical cap.

21. The optical sleeve system of any one of claims 16 to 20, further comprising a second side port extending through its sidewall, the second side port being configured to allow fluid communication between the first channel and the external environment via the optical cap.

22. The optical sleeve system of claim 21, wherein the side port and the second side port are located on substantially opposite sides of the optical cap.

23. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 16 to 22, further comprising: A camera signal line is positioned within the third channel, the camera signal line is electrically connected to the camera chip, and the camera signal line is electrically connected to an electrical coupler; as well as An external cable, the external cable including an external coupler configured to be electrically connected to the electrical coupler.

24. The optical sleeve system of claim 23, wherein the sleeve, the camera chip, the first tube, the second tube, the external cable, and the external coupler are removable from the body, such that the body is reusable.

25. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 16 to 24, further comprising a second camera chip housed within the optical cap, the camera chip being positioned adjacent to the second camera chip.

26. The optical sleeve system of claim 25, wherein the camera chip and the second camera chip are located in different positions to provide different viewing angles.

27. The optical sleeve system of claim 25, wherein images from the camera chip and the second camera chip are digitally combined to create a panoramic field of view, and images of the optical cap and / or the distal end of the sleeve are digitally removed or reduced from the panoramic field of view.

28. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 16 to 27, wherein the optical cap houses one or more light sources, the one or more light sources being electrically connected to the camera signal line or one or more wires.

29. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 1 to 28, wherein the sleeve further comprises: The first sleeve port is disposed in the first channel through the outer sleeve wall; The second sleeve port is disposed in the first channel through the outer sleeve wall; as well as The third sleeve port is disposed in the second channel through the outer sleeve wall.

30. The optical sleeve system of claim 29, further comprising a wire harness assembly including a first wire harness port and a second wire harness port, the first wire harness port being aligned with the first tube and the second wire harness port being aligned with the second tube, wherein in the first configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with the first sleeve port and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with the third sleeve port, wherein in the second configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with the third sleeve port and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with the second sleeve port.

31. The optical sleeve system of claim 30, wherein during rotation of the sleeve relative to the harness assembly, the first channel and the second channel are in fluid communication with the respective first harness port and second harness port.

32. The optical sleeve system of claim 30 or claim 31, wherein the wire harness assembly further comprises: The inner surface of the proximal portion surrounds the sleeve; as well as A plurality of circumferential seals are disposed between the outer tube wall and the inner surface to define a fluid passage between the outer tube wall and the inner surface.

33. The optical sleeve system of claim 32, wherein the wire harness assembly further comprises: Wire harness block; A central channel that extends through the wire harness block and is defined by the inner surface; The first wiring harness port; as well as The second harness port, the first harness port and the second harness port extend at least partially through the harness block to define a fluid passage through the harness block to the central channel. The wire harness block is rotatably fixed within the body.

34. The optical sleeve system of claim 33, wherein the wire harness assembly further includes a second channel extending through the wire harness block, the inner wall of the wire harness block at least partially separating the second channel from the central channel, wherein the valve shaft is at least partially disposed within the second channel.

35. The optical sleeve system of claim 34, wherein the inner wall of the wire harness block includes a plurality of inner holes configured to allow fluid communication between the second channel and the central channel.

36. The optical sleeve system of claim 34 or claim 35, wherein the first harness port and the second harness port define a fluid passage into the second channel.

37. The optical sleeve system of claim 35 or claim 36, wherein the position of the valve shaft within the second channel defines which of the first and second harness ports are in fluid communication with the plurality of bores.

38. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 35 to 37, wherein in the first configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with a first hole in the plurality of inner holes, and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with a third hole in the plurality of inner holes, wherein in the second configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with the third hole in the plurality of inner holes, and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with a second hole in the plurality of inner holes.

39. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 32 to 38, further comprising a rotation assembly configured to control rotation of the sleeve relative to the body, the rotation assembly comprising: A rotary handle is configured to be accessible from the outside of the body; as well as An insertion portion connected to the rotary handle, the insertion portion extending at least partially into the body, wherein the insertion portion is positioned between the outer sleeve wall and the plurality of circumferential seals.

40. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 1 to 39, wherein the first tube and the second tube extend from the body in a parallel configuration.

41. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 1 to 40, wherein the sleeve further includes a curved region between the distal end and the proximal portion, such that the central axis of the distal end forms a non-zero angle with respect to the central axis of the proximal portion.

42. The optical sleeve system of claim 41, wherein the non-zero angle is between 15 degrees and 45 degrees.

43. An optical sleeve system comprising: A sleeve, the sleeve comprising: The outer tube wall has a proximal portion and a distal end; A first channel within the outer sleeve wall, the first channel being configured for suction in a first configuration of the optical sleeve system and configured for flushing in a second configuration of the optical sleeve system; A second channel within the outer tube wall, the second channel being configured for flushing in the first configuration and for suction in the second configuration; and One or more inner walls within the outer sleeve wall, the one or more inner walls extending at least partially along a length of the outer sleeve wall between the proximal and distal ends, the one or more inner walls at least partially defining the first channel and the second channel; and A body configured to receive the proximal portion of the sleeve.

44. The optical sleeve system of claim 43, further comprising: A first tube extending from the body; A second tube extending from the body; as well as A valve assembly connected to the body, the valve assembly being configured to switch the optical sleeve system between a first configuration and a second configuration.

45. The optical sleeve system of claim 44, wherein in the first configuration, the first tube is not in fluid communication with the second channel, and wherein in the second configuration, the first tube is not in fluid communication with the first channel.

46. ​​The optical sleeve system of claim 44 or claim 45, wherein in the first configuration, the second tube is not in fluid communication with the first channel, and wherein in the second configuration, the second tube is not in fluid communication with the second channel.

47. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 43 to 46, wherein the sleeve is rotatable within the body.

48. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 44 to 47, wherein the valve assembly comprises: A handle, movable relative to the body, configured to move the optical sleeve system between a first configuration and a second configuration; as well as A valve shaft connected to the handle, in the first configuration, is configured to allow fluid communication between the first tube and the first channel and between the second tube and the second channel, and in the second configuration, the valve shaft is configured to allow fluid communication between the first tube and the second channel and between the second tube and the first channel.

49. The optical sleeve system of claim 48, wherein the valve assembly further includes a plurality of valve seals disposed on the valve shaft, the plurality of valve seals being configured to seal against the valve shaft during axial movement.

50. The optical sleeve system of claim 49, wherein the plurality of valve seals are compressible.

51. The optical sleeve system of claim 49 or claim 5050, wherein each of the plurality of valve seals has an inner surface having a rocker arm bottom shape.

52. The optical sleeve system of claim 49 or claim 50, wherein each of the plurality of valve seals has an inner surface that is arched.

53. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 48 to 52, wherein the handle is configured to be moved relative to the body using one hand.

54. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 44 to 53, wherein the first tube forms the distal end of a flushing hose and the second tube forms the distal end of a suction hose, the flushing hose and the suction hose being configured to be removably connected to the body.

55. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 43 to 54, wherein the first total cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel is greater than the second total cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel.

56. The optical sleeve system of any one of claims 43 to 55, wherein the first channel includes a main channel portion and a side channel portion extending from the main channel portion, the one or more inner walls at least partially defining the main channel portion and the side channel portions, the main channel portion being configured to receive the axis of a tool, and the side channel portions being configured to allow fluid communication around the main channel portion and the axis of the tool.

57. The optical sleeve system of claim 56, wherein the third total cross-sectional area of ​​the side channel portion is greater than the second total cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel.

58. The optical sleeve system of any one of claims 43 to 57, wherein the sleeve further includes a second channel port extending near the distal end through the outer sleeve wall and into the second channel, the second channel port being configured to allow fluid communication between the environment outside the sleeve and the second channel.

59. The optical sleeve system of claim 58, wherein the second channel port is located on the side of the sleeve opposite to the side channel portion.

60. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 43 to 59, further comprising a third channel, wherein the one or more inner walls at least partially define the third channel.

61. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 43 to 60, further comprising an optical cap for receiving a camera chip, the optical cap being configured to be connected to the distal end of the sleeve.

62. The optical sleeve system of claim 61, wherein the optical cap further includes a central opening configured to be at least partially aligned with the first channel, the central opening allowing fluid communication between the first channel and the external environment through the optical cap.

63. The optical sleeve system of claim 61 or claim 62, wherein the optical cap further includes a side port extending through its sidewall, the side port being configured to allow fluid communication between the second channel and the external environment through the optical cap.

64. The optical sleeve system of claim 63, wherein the side port extends through the recessed portion of the optical cap.

65. The optical cap system according to any one of claims 61 to 6464, wherein the optical cap further includes one or more tapered portions, the one or more tapered portions at least partially defining a distally narrowed outer surface of the optical cap.

66. The optical sleeve system of any one of claims 61 to 65, further comprising a second side port extending through its sidewall, the second side port being configured to allow fluid communication between the first channel and the external environment via the optical cap.

67. The optical sleeve system of claim 66, wherein the side port and the second side port are located on substantially opposite sides of the optical cap.

68. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 61 to 67, further comprising: A camera signal line is positioned within the third channel, the camera signal line is electrically connected to the camera chip, and the camera signal line is electrically connected to an electrical coupler; as well as An external cable, the external cable including an external coupler configured to be electrically connected to the electrical coupler.

69. The optical sleeve system of claim 68, wherein the sleeve, the camera chip, the first tube, the second tube, the external cable and / or the external coupler are removable from the body, such that the body is reusable.

70. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 61 to 69, further comprising a second camera chip housed within the optical cap, the camera chip being positioned adjacent to the second camera chip.

71. The optical sleeve system of claim 70, wherein the camera chip and the second camera chip are located in different positions to provide different viewing angles.

72. The optical sleeve system of claim 70, wherein images from the camera chip and the second camera chip are digitally combined to generate a panoramic field of view, and images of the optical cap and / or the distal end of the sleeve are digitally removed or reduced from the combined panoramic field of view.

73. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 61 to 72, wherein the optical cap accommodates one or more light sources.

74. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 43 to 73, wherein the sleeve further comprises: The first sleeve port is disposed in the first channel through the outer sleeve wall; The second sleeve port is disposed in the first channel through the outer sleeve wall; as well as The third sleeve port is disposed in the second channel through the outer sleeve wall.

75. The optical sleeve system of claim 74, further comprising a wire harness assembly including a first wire harness port and a second wire harness port, the first wire harness port being aligned with the first tube and the second wire harness port being aligned with the second tube, wherein in the first configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with the first sleeve port and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with the third sleeve port, wherein in the second configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with the third sleeve port and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with the second sleeve port.

76. The optical sleeve system of claim 75, wherein the first channel and the second channel are in fluid communication with the respective first and second wire harness ports during rotation of the sleeve relative to the wire harness assembly.

77. The optical sleeve system of claim 75 or claim 76, wherein the wire harness assembly comprises: An inner surface surrounding the proximal portion of the sleeve; as well as A plurality of circumferential seals are disposed between the outer tube wall and the inner surface to define a fluid passage between the outer tube wall and the inner surface.

78. The optical sleeve system of claim 77, wherein the wire harness assembly further comprises a wire harness block, the wire harness block comprising: The central channel defined by the inner surface; The first wiring harness port; as well as The second wiring harness port, The wire harness block is rotatably fixed within the body.

79. The optical sleeve system of claim 78, wherein the wire harness block further includes a second channel, the inner wall of the wire harness block at least partially separating the second channel from the central channel, wherein the valve shaft is at least partially disposed within the second channel.

80. The optical sleeve system of claim 79, wherein the inner wall of the wire harness block includes a plurality of inner holes configured to allow fluid communication between the second channel and the central channel.

81. The optical sleeve system of claim 79 or claim 80, wherein the first harness port and the second harness port define a fluid passage into the second channel.

82. The optical sleeve system of claim 80 or claim 81, wherein the position of the valve shaft within the second channel defines which of the first and second harness ports are in fluid communication with the plurality of bores.

83. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 80 to 82, wherein in the first configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with a first hole among the plurality of inner holes, and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with a third hole among the plurality of inner holes, wherein in the second configuration, the first wire harness port is in fluid communication with the third hole among the plurality of inner holes, and the second wire harness port is in fluid communication with a second hole among the plurality of inner holes.

84. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 77 to 83, further comprising a rotation mechanism configured to control rotation of the sleeve relative to the body, the rotation mechanism comprising: A rotary handle is configured to be accessible from the outside of the body; as well as An insertion portion connected to the rotary handle, the insertion portion extending at least partially into the body, wherein the insertion portion is positioned between the outer sleeve wall and the plurality of circumferential seals.

85. An optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 44 to 84, wherein the first tube and the second tube extend from the body in a parallel configuration.

86. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 43 to 85, wherein the sleeve further includes a curved region between the distal end and the proximal portion, such that the central axis of the distal end forms a non-zero angle with respect to the central axis of the proximal portion.

87. The optical sleeve system of claim 86, wherein the non-zero angle is between 15 degrees and 45 degrees.

88. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 1 to 42 or claims 43 to 87, further comprising: Tools, the tools include: Configured to insert an instrument axis into the first channel; and A surgical instrument located at the distal end of the instrument axis.

89. The optical cannula system of claim 88, wherein the instrument axis comprises an inner axis and an outer axis, the distal end of the inner axis is connected to the surgical tool, and the proximal end of the inner axis is connected to a lever, wherein squeezing the lever actuates the surgical tool.

90. The optical sleeve system of claim 89, wherein the lever is located on the body.

91. The optical sleeve system of claim 89, wherein the tool further includes a gripping portion attached to the proximal end of the instrument shaft, the lever being attached to the gripping portion.

92. The optical sleeve system of claim 91, wherein the tool further comprises: A latch connected to the lever, wherein the outer shaft is connected to the gripping portion and the proximal end of the inner shaft is connected to the latch, such that squeezing the lever actuates the surgical tool.

93. The optical sleeve system according to claim 92, further comprising: Including the assembly sleeve of the first slot; and Including the gripping portion of the second groove, The alignment of the first groove and the second groove allows for the assembly or disassembly of the outer shaft and the gripping portion, as well as the assembly or disassembly of the inner shaft and the buckle, and the misalignment of the first groove and the second groove locks the outer shaft within the gripping portion and the inner shaft within the buckle.

94. The optical sleeve system of claim 93, wherein the instrument shaft includes a collar, and the gripping portion includes a rotating disk, the collar being insertable into a hole in the rotating disk such that the instrument shaft rotates together with the sleeve.

95. The optical sleeve system according to claim 93, further comprising: Instrument seals are disposed within the gripping portion; The instrument seal includes a central hole aligned with the second channel of the sleeve and configured to receive the instrument shaft.

96. The optical sleeve system of claim 95, wherein the instrument seal is removable and reversible to accommodate distal-to-proximal or proximal-to-distal loading of the instrument axis.

97. The optical sleeve system according to any one of claims 88 to 96, wherein the rotation of the instrument axis is independent of the rotation of the sleeve.

98. The optical cannula system of claim 97, wherein the instrument axis is connected to a first rotating disk for rotating the surgical instrument.

99. An optical sleeve system comprising: Handle, the handle comprising: ontology; A first port extending at least partially through the body, the first port being configured to connect to a first flexible tube; and A second port, extending at least partially through the body, is configured to connect to a second flexible tube; and A sleeve, the sleeve comprising: A sheath wall having a proximal portion and a distal end, the proximal portion being configured to be disposed within the body; A first channel within the outer sleeve wall, the first channel being configured to be in fluid communication with the first port in a first configuration and with the second port in a second configuration; and The second channel within the outer casing wall is configured to be in fluid communication with the second port in the first configuration and in fluid communication with the first port in the second configuration.

100. The optical sleeve system of claim 99, further comprising any of the features of any one of claims 1 to 98.

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