Mechanical parts automatic laser welding device

Abstract

This invention provides an automated laser welding device for mechanical parts, belonging to the field of laser welding. It includes: a base, a support frame fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base, a processing shell mounted on the support frame, a protective component, a purification component, and a cleaning component mounted on the processing shell, a welding device body mounted on the processing shell, and a processing table fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support frame. After processing, a cleaning broom and a first scraper automatically clean the surfaces of the support frame and processing table, quickly removing large particles such as metal shavings and welding slag, preventing them from scratching precision parts or affecting subsequent welding. This reduces the workload of workers, improves cleaning efficiency, and during processing, the use of easily installed and disassembled activated carbon plates purifies the fumes, protecting personnel health and extending equipment life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser welding technology, and in particular to an automated laser welding device for mechanical parts. Background Technology

[0002] Laser welding is a highly efficient and precise welding method that uses a high-energy-density laser beam as a heat source. Laser welding is one of the important applications of laser material processing technology, and the welding process is heat conduction type.

[0003] A laser welding apparatus and laser welding system, with application number CN202121810754.5, includes: a support frame; a sliding frame slidably connected to the support frame; a first translation mechanism connecting the support frame and the sliding frame for driving the sliding frame to move along a first direction; a rotating column rotatably connected to the sliding frame; a steering mechanism connecting the sliding frame and the rotating column for driving the rotating column to rotate around a first axis; a deflecting rod rotatably connected to the rotating column; a deflection mechanism connecting the rotating column and the deflecting rod for driving the deflecting rod to rotate around a second axis; a welding head slidably connected to the deflecting rod; and a second translation mechanism connecting the deflecting rod and the welding head for driving the welding head to move along a second direction. The laser welding system includes a feeding device and the aforementioned laser welding apparatus, with the feeding device docked with the laser welding apparatus. By adopting the above technical solution, the welding head of the laser welding apparatus has high flexibility, strong adjustability, good compatibility, can achieve complex trajectory welding, and has high welding efficiency. However, after the device is used, large particles such as metal shavings and welding slag remain on the surface of the processing table, which requires manual cleaning by the staff, resulting in a large workload. In addition, a lot of smoke is generated during the processing, which not only affects the health of the staff, but also reduces the smoke obstruction in the processing area and improves the welding accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automated laser welding device for mechanical parts.

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides an automated laser welding device for mechanical parts, comprising: A base is provided, with a support frame fixedly connected to its upper end face. A processing shell is mounted on the support frame, and a protective component, a purification component, and a cleaning component are mounted on the processing shell. A welding device body is mounted on the processing shell. A processing table is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the support frame. The cleaning component includes two sliding grooves on the inner wall of the processing shell. A reciprocating screw is fixedly mounted in one of the sliding grooves, and a movable frame is mounted on the reciprocating screw. The movable frame slides in the other sliding groove, and a cleaning broom is fixedly connected to the movable frame. A rotating cavity is provided on the processing shell, and a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating cavity. The first bevel gear and the second bevel gear mesh with each other. The first bevel gear is mounted on the reciprocating screw. A motor is fixedly connected to the side wall of the processing shell, and the rotating end of the motor is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear. A scraping component is mounted on the movable frame.

[0006] Furthermore, the scraping assembly includes a first scraper fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable frame, a movable groove is formed on the movable frame, a one-way screw is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the movable groove, a second scraper is slidably connected in the movable groove, the one-way screw is threaded through the second scraper, a rotating gear is rotatably connected to the side wall of the movable frame, the rotating gear is fixedly connected to the one-way screw, and a mounting groove is formed on the side wall of the processing shell, a rack is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove, the rack and the rotating gear are matched.

[0007] Furthermore, the purification component includes two air chambers on the processing shell, one of which is connected to an air inlet pipe. Multiple air holes are formed on the inner wall of both air chambers near the welding device body. An air supply pipe is connected to the other air chamber. A variable frequency fan is fixedly installed on the side wall of the processing shell and mounted on the air supply pipe. A purification box is installed on the base, and the air supply pipe connects to the purification box. Multiple mounting brackets slide through the purification box, and activated carbon plates are fixedly installed on each of the mounting brackets. Multiple limiting components are installed on the side wall of the purification box, each corresponding to one of the mounting brackets. An exhaust pipe is connected to the purification box.

[0008] Furthermore, the limiting component includes a fixed shell fixedly connected to the side wall of the purification box, a connecting plate slidably connected inside the fixed shell, multiple springs fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed shell, the connecting plate fixedly connected to the multiple springs, a locking block fixedly connected to the connecting plate, the locking block being wedge-shaped, a slot being opened on the side wall of the mounting bracket, the locking block slidingly penetrating the fixed shell and matching the slot, a pull rod slidingly penetrating the fixed shell, and the pull rod being fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the protective assembly includes a cylinder fixedly installed on the upper end face of the processing shell, a lifting frame fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the cylinder, a first protective plate and a second protective plate fixedly connected to the lifting frame, and an observation window provided on the first protective plate.

[0010] Furthermore, a pull ring is fixedly connected to the pull rod, and a handle is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket.

[0011] Furthermore, a connecting frame slides through the air intake pipe, and a dust filter is fixedly connected to the connecting frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower end face of the base is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. After processing is completed, the operator removes the workpiece, and then the motor starts working, causing the cleaning broom to sweep the support frame and the surface of the processing table. This can quickly clean up large particles such as metal shavings and welding slag on the table surface, preventing them from scratching precision parts or affecting subsequent welding.

[0014] 2. During the cleaning process, the first scraper removes the hot melt adhesive from the surface of the processing table. At the same time, with the cooperation of the rotating gear, rack and pinion and the one-way screw, the second scraper scrapes the hot melt adhesive on the first scraper to one side of the first scraper, making it easier for the operator to clean the hot melt adhesive on the first scraper, reducing the workload of the staff and improving the cleaning efficiency.

[0015] 3. During processing, the cylinder drives the lifting frame to descend, which, together with the first and second protective plates, protects the processing inside the processing shell, blocking high-energy laser reflection, metal splashes, and smoke diffusion, thus improving processing safety.

[0016] 4. During processing, the variable frequency fan draws the gas from the processing shell into the purification chamber through the air cavity. The gas in the purification chamber is then discharged after being purified by the activated carbon plate, purifying the harmful substances in the fume gas, protecting personnel health, reducing fume obstruction in the processing shell, improving welding precision, preventing metal dust from corroding the laser lens and guide rail, and extending equipment life. Furthermore, the mounting bracket uses clips and slots for fixation, making it easy for operators to install and remove the mounting bracket to replace and maintain the activated carbon plate, ensuring purification efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an automated laser welding device for mechanical parts as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional side view of the structure of an automated laser welding device for mechanical parts as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of an automated laser welding device for mechanical parts as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the purification chamber of an automated laser welding device for mechanical parts as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the air inlet pipe of an automated laser welding device for mechanical parts as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the A-structure.

[0023] In the above-mentioned attached figures: 1. Base, 2. Support frame, 3. Processing shell, 4. Welding device body, 5. Processing table, 6. Sliding groove, 7. Reciprocating screw, 8. Moving frame, 9. Cleaning broom, 10. Rotating cavity, 11. First bevel gear, 12. Second bevel gear, 13. Motor, 14. First scraper, 15. One-way screw, 16. Second scraper, 17. Rotating gear, 18. Mounting groove, 19. Rack, 20. Air chamber, 21. Air inlet pipe, 22. Air delivery pipe, 23. Variable frequency fan, 24. Purification box, 25. Mounting frame, 26. Activated carbon plate, 27. Fixed shell, 28. Spring, 29. Locking block, 30. Cylinder, 31. Lifting frame, 32. First protective plate, 33. Second protective plate, 34. Pull ring, 35. Dust filter. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] like Figures 1-6 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention proposes an automated laser welding device for mechanical parts, comprising: The base 1 has anti-slip textures on its lower end face to improve the stability of the device. A support frame 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the base 1. A processing shell 3 is installed on the support frame 2. A protective component, a purification component, and a cleaning component are installed on the processing shell 3. The welding device body 4 is installed on the processing shell 3. The welding device 4 is a prior art device, consisting of a welding torch, a power system, a wire feeding mechanism, a cooling device, and a control device. Its working principle is to melt the welding material by driving an electric arc or laser heat source through the control device, and then fill the molten pool synchronously with the wire feeding mechanism to complete the welding. Its XYZ three-axis movement function relies on the drive mechanical structure. The X and Y axes often use ball screws or linear modules to achieve horizontal movement. The Z axis adjusts the height of the welding torch through a vertical guide rail. The three axes are controlled collaboratively by a CNC system. The encoder feedback position forms a closed loop, enabling the welding torch to move accurately along a preset path and complete the automated welding of complex three-dimensional trajectories. This will not be elaborated further here. A processing table 5 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the support frame 2. The cleaning assembly includes two sliding grooves 6 opened in the inner wall of the processing shell 3. A reciprocating screw 7 is fixedly installed in one of the sliding grooves 6, and a movable frame 8 is installed on the reciprocating screw 7. The movable frame 8 slides in the other sliding groove 6, and a cleaning broom 9 is fixedly connected to the movable frame 8. A rotating cavity 10 is opened in the processing shell 3. A first bevel gear 11 and a second bevel gear 12 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating cavity 10. The first bevel gear 11 and the second bevel gear 12 mesh with each other. The first bevel gear 11 is installed on the reciprocating screw 7, which is a prior art. The technique is a mechanical transmission device that converts rotary motion into linear reciprocating motion. Its core structure consists of a lead screw with a bidirectional helical groove and a matching nut. When the lead screw rotates, the nut moves linearly along the axis of the lead screw through the threaded engagement with the helical groove. Because the lead screw is designed with symmetrical or alternating threaded grooves, when the lead screw rotates continuously in one direction, the nut will automatically move in the opposite direction at a specific position due to the change in thread direction, thereby realizing continuous reciprocating linear motion. That is, the rotating end of the motor 13 is fixedly connected to the lead screw, and the moving frame 8 is fixedly connected to the nut, which will not be described in detail here. A motor 13 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the processing shell 3. The rotating end of the motor 13 is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear 12. A scraping assembly is installed on the moving frame 8. The scraping assembly includes a first scraper 14 fixedly connected to the side wall of the moving frame 8. A moving groove is opened on the moving frame 8. A one-way screw 15 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the moving groove. A second scraper 16 is slidably connected in the moving groove. The one-way screw 15 is threaded through the second scraper 16. A rotating gear 17 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the moving frame 8. The rotating gear 17 is fixedly connected to the one-way screw 15. An installation groove 18 is opened on the side wall of the processing shell 3. A rack 19 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the installation groove 18. The rack 19 and the rotating gear 17 are matched. The purification assembly includes two air chambers 20 on the processing shell 3. One air chamber 20 is connected to an air inlet pipe 21. Both air chambers 20 have multiple air holes on their inner walls near the welding device body 4. The other air chamber 20 is connected to an air delivery pipe 22. A variable frequency fan 23 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the processing shell 3. The variable frequency fan 23 is existing technology. Its working principle is based on the variable frequency drive dynamically adjusting the speed of the drive device, thereby controlling the impeller rotation speed to achieve gas delivery. When the drive device adjusts the input frequency and voltage under the action of the variable frequency drive, the impeller speed changes accordingly. The gas is propelled from the intake port by centrifugal force. The spiral suction side groove forms a continuous airflow during the repeated acceleration and compression process between the impeller and the side groove, which can draw the gas in the processing shell 3 into the purification box 24. This will not be described in detail here. The variable frequency fan 23 is installed on the air supply pipe 22, and the purification box 24 is installed on the base 1. The air supply pipe 22 is connected to the purification box 24. Multiple mounting brackets 25 slide through the purification box 24. Activated carbon plates 26 are fixedly installed on each of the multiple mounting brackets 25. Multiple limiting components are installed on the side wall of the purification box 24. Each of the multiple limiting components corresponds to one of the multiple mounting brackets 25. An exhaust pipe is connected to the purification box 24. The limiting component includes a fixed shell 27 fixedly connected to the side wall of the purification box 24, a connecting plate slidably connected inside the fixed shell 27, multiple springs 28 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed shell 27, the connecting plate fixedly connected to the multiple springs 28, a locking block 29 fixedly connected to the connecting plate, the locking block 29 being wedge-shaped, a slot opening on the side wall of the mounting bracket 25, the locking block 29 slidingly passing through the fixed shell 27 and matching the slot, a pull rod slidingly passing through the fixed shell 27, the pull rod being fixedly connected to the connecting plate, a pull ring 34 fixedly connected to the pull rod, the pull ring 34 facilitating the operator to pull the pull rod, improving the portability of the device, and a handle fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 25, the handle facilitating the operator to pull the mounting bracket 25, improving the portability of the device; The protective assembly includes a cylinder 30 fixedly installed on the upper surface of the processing housing 3. A lifting frame 31 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the cylinder 30. A first protective plate 32 and a second protective plate 33 are fixedly connected to the lifting frame 31. An observation window is provided on the first protective plate 32, which allows the operator to observe the processing situation inside the processing housing 3. A connecting frame slides through the air inlet pipe 21, and a dust filter 35 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame. The dust filter 35 can filter the gas entering the processing housing 3, preventing dust in the external gas from entering the processing housing 3 and affecting the normal operation of the device.

[0026] The detailed working process of this invention is as follows: First, the device is placed in the designated position. Then, the workpiece to be processed is fixed to the processing table 5 using hot melt adhesive. Next, cylinder 30 starts working, driving the lifting frame 31 to descend. This causes the first protective plate 32 and the second protective plate 33 to shield and protect the processing shell 3, thus protecting the processing inside the shell 3 and blocking high-energy laser reflection, metal spatter, and smoke diffusion, improving processing safety. During processing, the variable frequency fan 23 draws the gas inside the processing shell 3 through the air chamber 20 and the air supply pipe 22 to the purification box 24. The gas in the purification box 24 then passes through the activated carbon plate 26. After purification, the exhaust not only removes harmful substances from the fume, protecting personnel health, but also reduces fume obstruction within the processing housing 3, improving welding precision, preventing metal dust from corroding laser lenses and guide rails, and extending equipment lifespan. After prolonged use, the operator can pull the pull ring 34 to remove the locking block 29 from the slot, allowing the mounting bracket 25 to be pulled out for maintenance and replacement of the activated carbon plate 26. When the mounting bracket 25 needs to be installed, the operator inserts it into the purification chamber 24, the locking block 29 is pushed, the spring 28 contracts, and the locking block 29 temporarily... When the spring 28 returns to its original position, the locking block 29 automatically moves into the slot, thus fixing the mounting bracket 25. The mounting bracket 25 is secured using the locking block 29 and the slot, facilitating easy installation and removal by operators to replace and maintain the activated carbon plate 26, ensuring purification efficiency. After processing, the operator removes the workpiece, and the motor 13 starts working. Driven by the first bevel gear 11 and the second bevel gear 12, the reciprocating screw 7 operates, causing the moving frame 8 to slide within the sliding groove 6, thus moving the cleaning broom. The 9-piece cleaning system cleans the surfaces of the support frame 2 and the processing table 5, quickly removing large particles such as metal shavings and welding slag from the table surface, preventing them from scratching precision parts or affecting subsequent welding. During the cleaning process, the first scraper 14 scrapes off the hot melt adhesive on the surface of the processing table 5. At the same time, with the cooperation of the rotating gear 17, rack 19 and one-way screw 15, the second scraper 16 slides in the moving groove, which can scrape the hot melt adhesive on the first scraper 14 to one side of the first scraper 14, making it easier for operators to clean the hot melt adhesive on the first scraper 14, reducing the workload of the staff and improving cleaning efficiency.

[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for automated laser welding of mechanical parts, characterized in that, include: A base (1) is fixedly connected to a support frame (2) on its upper end face. A processing shell (3) is installed on the support frame (2). A protective component, a purification component, and a cleaning component are installed on the processing shell (3). A welding device body (4) is installed on the processing shell (3). A processing table (5) is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the support frame (2). The cleaning component includes two sliding grooves (6) opened on the inner wall of the processing shell (3). A reciprocating screw (7) is fixedly installed in one of the sliding grooves (6). A moving frame (8) is installed on the reciprocating screw (7). The moving frame (8) slides on the... In another sliding groove (6), a cleaning broom (9) is fixedly connected to the moving frame (8). A rotating cavity (10) is opened on the processing shell (3). A first bevel gear (11) and a second bevel gear (12) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating cavity (10). The first bevel gear (11) and the second bevel gear (12) mesh with each other. The first bevel gear (11) is mounted on the reciprocating screw (7). A motor (13) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the processing shell (3). The rotating end of the motor (13) is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear (12). A scraping component is installed on the moving frame (8).

2. The automated laser welding device for mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraping assembly includes a first scraper (14) fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable frame (8), a movable groove is opened on the movable frame (8), a one-way screw (15) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the movable groove, a second scraper (16) is slidably connected in the movable groove, the one-way screw (15) is threaded through the second scraper (16), a rotating gear (17) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the movable frame (8), the rotating gear (17) is fixedly connected to the one-way screw (15), the processing shell (3) has an installation groove (18) on its side wall, a rack (19) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the installation groove (18), and the rack (19) and the rotating gear (17) are matched.

3. The automated laser welding device for mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The purification assembly includes two air chambers (20) on the processing shell (3). One of the air chambers (20) is connected to an air inlet pipe (21). Both air chambers (20) have multiple air holes on the inner wall of the side near the welding device body (4). The other air chamber (20) is connected to an air supply pipe (22). A variable frequency fan (23) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the processing shell (3). The variable frequency fan (23) is installed on the air supply pipe (22). A purification box (24) is installed on the base (1). The air supply pipe (22) is connected to the purification box (24). Multiple mounting brackets (25) slide through the purification box (24). Activated carbon plates (26) are fixedly installed on each of the mounting brackets (25). Multiple limiting components are installed on the side wall of the purification box (24). Each of the multiple limiting components corresponds to one of the multiple mounting brackets (25). An exhaust pipe is connected to the purification box (24).

4. The automated laser welding device for mechanical parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting component includes a fixed shell (27) fixedly connected to the side wall of the purification box (24), a connecting plate slidably connected inside the fixed shell (27), a plurality of springs (28) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed shell (27), the connecting plate fixedly connected to the plurality of springs (28), a locking block (29) fixedly connected to the connecting plate, the locking block (29) being wedge-shaped, a slot being opened on the side wall of the mounting bracket (25), the locking block (29) slidingly penetrating the fixed shell (27) and matching the slot, a pull rod slidingly penetrating the fixed shell (27), and the pull rod being fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

5. The automated laser welding device for mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective assembly includes a cylinder (30) fixedly installed on the upper end face of the processing shell (3). The telescopic end of the cylinder (30) is fixedly connected to a lifting frame (31). A first protective plate (32) and a second protective plate (33) are fixedly connected to the lifting frame (31). An observation window is provided on the first protective plate (32).

6. The automated laser welding device for mechanical parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pull ring (34) is fixedly connected to the pull rod, and a handle is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (25).

7. The automated laser welding device for mechanical parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: A connecting frame slides through the air intake pipe (21), and a dust filter (35) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame.

8. The automated laser welding device for mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end face of the base (1) is provided with anti-slip texture.

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