A cylinder liner cross hatch measuring device and method based on spectral ranging

Abstract

This invention relates to a cylinder liner texture measurement device and method based on spectral ranging, comprising a spectral ranging sensor, a vertical moving mechanism, and a rotary moving mechanism. The rotary moving mechanism is fixed to the vertical moving mechanism and moves vertically linearly synchronously with it. The spectral ranging sensor is fixed to the rotary moving mechanism and rotates around an axis synchronously with it. The advantages of this invention are that by integrating the vertical moving mechanism and the rotary moving mechanism, it overcomes the limitation of traditional stylus-type measuring instruments that can only measure along a single straight line along the cylinder liner generatrix, achieving composite motion. Simultaneously, by replacing the traditional stylus-type measuring instrument with a spectral ranging sensor, measurement can be achieved without direct contact between the stylus and the cylinder liner, laying a core foundation for non-destructive multi-directional measurement and significantly expanding the measurement range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of testing technology in high-end engine manufacturing and processing, specifically relating to a cylinder liner texture measurement device and method based on spectral ranging. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of internal combustion engine manufacturing, the cylinder liner, as a core component of the engine, directly determines the engine's sealing performance, lubrication effect, wear rate, and power output stability through the microscopic geometry of its inner wall surface, thus having a crucial impact on the engine's overall efficiency and service life. To meet the design requirements of high power, low fuel consumption, and long service life, the industry commonly uses honing to precision machine the inner surface of the cylinder liner bore. This creates a cross-hatched surface with uniformly alternating deep grooves and small platforms (the typical cross-hatching angle is 45°±5°). This type of surface is a typical composite machining feature, and its morphology needs to be controlled through precise parameter indicators. Key control parameters include the maximum profile height. Core roughness depth Peak height removed Valley depth removed and support ratio , Key indicators such as...

[0003] Currently, the mainstream equipment in the industry for measuring the surface morphology parameters of cylinder liners is the stylus-type surface roughness tester. This equipment, with its high measurement accuracy and strong data quantification capabilities, has become the standard device for cylinder liner surface roughness inspection. However, this measurement method has many insurmountable technical shortcomings and can no longer meet the high-precision, multi-dimensional inspection requirements of high-end engines for cylinder liner machining quality. Specifically, these shortcomings include:

[0004] ① Measurement direction is limited: The measurement path of the stylus method can only be carried out along the generatrix of the cylinder liner inner hole. It is impossible to carry out the test in any direction on the cylinder liner surface. It is difficult to obtain morphological data in specific directions such as perpendicular to the texture direction, parallel to the texture platform direction, and parallel to the texture groove direction. It is impossible to comprehensively evaluate key performance such as the support capacity of the texture platform, the groove structure parameters, and the groove unobstructedness. ② It is easy to cause damage to the surface being measured: The stylus method is a contact measurement method. The stylus comes into direct contact with the textured surface of the cylinder liner, which is prone to causing micro-scratches on the micro-surface, damaging the surface accuracy of the workpiece, and affecting the subsequent assembly and performance of the cylinder liner. ③ Inherent measurement error exists: The stylus tip has an arc structure, which prevents it from completely adhering to and reaching the bottom of the microscopic trough, resulting in contact error. This leads to distortion of the acquired surface height data and reduces accuracy. , Measurement accuracy of roughness parameters; ④ Limited testing items: Due to limitations in measurement principles and data acquisition capabilities, the stylus method can only detect conventional roughness parameters and is difficult to effectively measure the surface waviness of cylinder liners, thus failing to achieve a comprehensive evaluation of the micro-morphology of cylinder liner surfaces.

[0005] With the continuous upgrading of engine emission regulations (such as China III and above emission standards), the industry's technical requirements for cylinder liner platform texture are becoming increasingly stringent. Standards such as GB / T18778.2 clearly stipulate the core roughness depth as the core roughness depth. It is a series of characteristic parameters centered on the target, and at the same time requires that the detection be evenly distributed along the circumference at a specific location, which greatly improves the requirements for measurement accuracy, detection dimensions and data comprehensiveness.

[0006] Patent CN114877853A discloses a cylinder bore texture parameter measuring device. This invention uses a base, graduated disc, guide rail bracket, clamping and positioning structure with copper guide cylinder and rollers, combined with an adjustable roughness measuring instrument. The device achieves self-centering positioning by utilizing the reaction force of the rollers against the cylinder bore wall. It also employs rolling friction contact and soft copper contact parts, solving the problems of inaccurate positioning and data distortion caused by the probe not being perpendicular to the cylinder bore wall in traditional cylinder bore texture measurements. This ensures measurement accuracy and avoids damage to the cylinder bore and probe. However, it still has limitations: it cannot achieve precise scanning measurement along any direction on the cylinder bore surface (such as perpendicular / parallel to the texture or groove direction), and it can only rely on conventional roughness measuring instruments to complete basic parameter detection. It cannot achieve non-contact, high-precision acquisition of microstructure, nor can it simultaneously detect key parameters such as cylinder liner surface waviness, groove unobstructedness, and platform support width.

[0007] Patent CN105466353A discloses a method for measuring rotary surfaces. By designing a dedicated clamping mechanism and combining it with a Taylor-Hobson stylus profilometer, it employs a method of "multi-contour sampling + precise center finding using a metallographic microscope." First, the measurement contour closest to the center of the first rotary surface workpiece is calibrated and the data is saved. Subsequent batches of workpieces directly reuse this data to complete center positioning measurements. This solves the problem of manually finding the surface center and excessively long inspection time required for each rotary surface inspection in mass production. This achieves rapid batch inspection of rotary surfaces, ensuring the accuracy of center positioning and significantly reducing inspection dwell time. However, the stylus contact measurement method still has limitations. It can easily damage the measured surface and can only achieve center point positioning and basic contour measurement of rotary surfaces. It cannot be applied to multi-directional measurement of the textured surface of internal combustion engine cylinder liners, nor can it complete the detection of a series of characteristic parameters such as core roughness, support ratio, and waviness of the cylinder liner platform texture.

[0008] In summary, existing cylinder liner texture roughness measuring devices based on stylus-type roughness measuring instruments have technical problems such as limited measurement direction, easy scratching of texture during detection, and limited detection items. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention aims to solve the problem of limited measurement direction of cylinder liner texture roughness.

[0010] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means: A cylinder liner texture measurement device and method based on spectral ranging includes a spectral ranging sensor, a vertical moving mechanism, and a rotary moving mechanism. The rotary moving mechanism is fixed to the vertical moving mechanism and moves vertically in a straight line synchronously with the vertical moving mechanism. The spectral ranging sensor is fixed to the rotary moving mechanism and rotates around an axis synchronously with the rotary moving mechanism.

[0011] By integrating the vertical movement mechanism and the rotary movement mechanism, the limitation of the traditional stylus measuring instrument, which can only measure along a single straight line along the cylinder liner generatrix, is overcome, and compound motion is achieved. At the same time, the traditional stylus measuring instrument is replaced with a spectral ranging sensor, which can achieve measurement without the stylus directly contacting the cylinder liner, laying the core foundation for non-destructive multi-directional measurement and greatly expanding the measurement range.

[0012] Preferably, the vertical movement mechanism includes an instrument base, a linear motion slide guide seat, a ball screw, a ball screw slider, and a first servo motor. The linear motion slide guide seat is "U"-shaped with its opening facing the object to be measured and is fixed to the upper end face of the instrument base. The ball screw is fixed inside the opening side of the linear motion slide guide seat, and the ball screw slider is sleeved on the ball screw and slides in cooperation with the linear motion slide guide seat. The first servo motor is fixed to the end of the linear motion slide guide seat, and its output shaft is connected to the ball screw drive.

[0013] The direct drive between the first servo motor and the ball screw improves the accuracy and stability of vertical movement, ensuring the accuracy of the vertical positioning of the spectral ranging sensor.

[0014] Preferably, the vertical movement mechanism further includes angle iron, bolts, and a bracket. The linear motion slide guide is detachably fixed to the instrument base by angle iron and bolts. A bracket is fixed on the ball screw slider, and the rotary movement mechanism is mounted on the bracket. The first servo motor drives the ball screw to rotate and drives the ball screw slider and the rotary movement mechanism to make vertical linear movements along the linear motion slide guide.

[0015] The detachable connection of the angle iron makes it easier to disassemble and adjust the guide rail base. The bracket setting ensures a stable connection between the rotary moving mechanism and the slider, ensuring efficient power transmission and driving the rotary moving mechanism to move synchronously and vertically, avoiding motion deviation from affecting the measurement.

[0016] Preferably, the rotary movement mechanism includes a second servo motor, a synchronous belt drive assembly, a probe, a probe support, and a mounting bracket. The probe support is fixed to the side of the bracket away from the ball screw slider. The probe passes vertically through the central through hole of the probe support. The second servo motor is fixed to the end face of the bracket away from the ball screw slider and located on the side of the probe support. The synchronous belt drive assembly is connected between the output shaft of the second servo motor and the upper end of the probe. The second servo motor drives the probe to rotate around its own vertical centerline through the synchronous belt drive assembly. The mounting bracket is detachably fixed to the lower end of the probe.

[0017] The design of vertically inserting the measuring rod support base and arranging the second servo motor on the side makes the rotary drive structure more reasonable. The synchronous belt drive assembly connects the motor and the upper end of the measuring rod, enabling the measuring rod to rotate smoothly around the axis.

[0018] Preferably, the synchronous belt drive assembly includes a driving synchronous pulley, a driven synchronous pulley, and a synchronous belt; the driving synchronous pulley is coaxially fixed to the end of the extended output shaft of the second servo motor, and the driven synchronous pulley is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the measuring rod; the driving synchronous pulley and the driven synchronous pulley are at the same horizontal height, and the synchronous belt is wrapped around the outer periphery of the driving synchronous pulley and the driven synchronous pulley to form a transmission engagement; the vertical rotation centerline of the measuring rod coincides with the central axis of the inner hole of the cylinder liner being measured, and is parallel to the vertical movement direction of the ball screw slider.

[0019] The design of the main and driven pulleys being coaxially fixed and at the same horizontal height ensures that the synchronous belt drive is free from off-center loads, has higher transmission efficiency, avoids rotational jamming, and precisely matches the positional relationship between the rotation center line of the shaft, the inner hole center line of the cylinder liner, and the direction of slider movement. This structurally eliminates the eccentricity error of the rotational motion and improves the trajectory accuracy of the composite motion.

[0020] Preferably, the spectral ranging sensor includes an elastic clamp and a clamping screw. The elastic clamp and the clamping screw cooperate to achieve multi-directional displacement and control the distance between the spectral ranging sensor and the measured surface of the cylinder liner.

[0021] The flexible clamp allows for micro-position adjustment of the spectral ranging sensor, accurately calibrating the distance from the spectral ranging sensor to the rotation center line of the measuring rod. The detachable fixing method makes the disassembly and calibration of the detector more convenient, while ensuring the stability of the installation and effectively avoiding measurement errors caused by the displacement of the detector during the measurement process.

[0022] Preferably, it also includes a cylinder liner texture measurement method based on spectral ranging, comprising the following steps: S1. Position the cylinder liner under test. Adjust the rotating mechanism so that the rotation center line of the rotating shaft coincides with the center line of the inner hole of the cylinder liner under test. Fine-tune the installation position of the spectral ranging sensor using the elastic clamp so that the axis of the spectral ranging sensor is parallel to the axis of the measuring rod. Fine-tune the position of the spectral ranging sensor so that the light output hole of the spectral ranging sensor is directly facing the surface of the cylinder liner under test and maintaining a suitable distance. The suitable distance varies with the model of the cylinder liner under test and the model of the selected spectral ranging sensor, and is based on the stable acquisition of reflected light from the rough metal surface, without signal fluctuation or data distortion. S2. Set the linear displacement speed along the axis driven by the first servo motor and the rotational speed around the cylinder liner axis driven by the second servo motor. Start the second servo motor and drive the measuring light of the spectral ranging sensor to move linearly along the cylinder liner generatrix. Under the combined action of vertical linear motion and rotational motion around the axis, the spectral ranging sensor forms a spiral motion trajectory in a preset direction on the surface of the cylinder liner being measured, thereby realizing the measurement of the micro-morphology of the textured surface of the cylinder liner; wherein, the helix angle θ of the sensor motion trajectory satisfies the formula In the formula R Let be the radius of the cylindrical surface of the cylinder liner being tested. The linear displacement velocity along the axis of the spectral ranging sensor. The rotational speed of the spectral ranging sensor around the cylinder liner axis; S3. Based on the required testing parameters, the raw data of the cylinder liner surface contour collected is processed in a targeted manner. The microscopic morphology characteristics of the cylinder liner surface obtained after processing and analysis are quantified and output to form a test report. After the test is completed, the servo motor is turned off, the sensor is reset, the cylinder liner under test is removed, and the entire measurement process is completed.

[0023] Based on the device's composite motion structure, a standardized multi-directional measurement process was developed. Through three steps—position calibration, target positioning, and parameter setting—precise control of the sensor's helical motion trajectory was achieved. The formula for calculating the helical angle was clarified, providing a quantifiable and reproducible method for measuring the texture morphology in any direction, significantly improving the standardization and accuracy of the measurement.

[0024] Preferably, when it is necessary to measure the surface morphology parameters of the grooved surface along a direction perpendicular to the grooved direction of the cylinder liner, the helix angle is set. In the formula The helix angle of the cylinder liner surface texture is positive for right-handed rotation and negative for left-handed rotation. This represents the linear displacement velocity along the axis of the spectral ranging sensor. Rotational speed of the spectral ranging sensor around the cylinder liner axis Satisfy the matching relationship: .

[0025] Preferably, when it is necessary to measure the microscopic morphology parameters of the bottom of the cylinder liner groove, the helix angle is set. At this time, the linear displacement velocity along the axis of the spectral ranging sensor Rotational speed of the spectral ranging sensor around the cylinder liner axis Satisfy the matching relationship: .

[0026] Preferably, when the spectral ranging sensor measures the light source aligned with the bottom of the groove on the cylinder liner surface and moves along the groove direction, it detects the roughness of the bottom surface of the groove, the smoothness of the groove, and simultaneously acquires the contour.

[0027] The advantages of this invention are: (1) Multi-directional detection: The present invention realizes the movement of the spectral ranging sensor along any preset trajectory on the cylinder liner surface through the coordinated control of the servo motor. It can scan along specific directions such as perpendicular to or parallel to the mesh pattern and groove direction, breaking through the limitation of traditional measurement that can only detect along the generatrix direction of the cylinder liner inner hole. It can accurately obtain multi-dimensional morphological data such as platform support width, groove depth, width, slope, and groove unobstructedness, meeting the all-round detection needs of the cylinder liner mesh surface; (2) Non-destructive measurement with guaranteed accuracy: The spectral ranging method is used to achieve non-contact detection, avoiding microscopic scratches caused by direct contact between the probe and the surface being measured in the stylus method. At the same time, it eliminates the contact error caused by the stylus tip arc not being able to reach the bottom of the microscopic trough, accurately collecting surface microscopic height data and significantly improving the maximum profile height. Core roughness depth Peak height removed Measurement accuracy of core roughness parameters; (3) Wider range of testing items: It can not only test the core characteristic parameters of the platform texture such as the maximum height of the contour, the depth of the core roughness, and the support rate specified by the national standard, but also measure the surface waviness of the cylinder liner by processing the contour data. At the same time, it can detect the bottom roughness of the groove, whether there are foreign objects in the groove, processing defects and other unobstructed conditions, and obtain the contour at the same time. Compared with traditional measurement, it has achieved a comprehensive expansion of testing items. (4) Enhanced adaptability: By establishing the matching relationship between the linear displacement velocity of the spectral ranging sensor and the rotation speed of the measuring rod through the helix angle calculation formula, the desired scanning trajectory helix angle can be obtained by adjusting the parameters, accurately adapting to the detection of cylinder liners with different cylinder radii and different helix angle specifications. Furthermore, the distance between the sensor and the measured surface can be kept constant during the measurement process, further ensuring the stability and accuracy of the measurement data under different working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1This is a cross-sectional view of a cylinder liner texture measuring device based on spectral ranging according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of the spectral ranging sensor I of a cylinder liner texture measuring device based on spectral ranging according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a cylinder liner texture measurement method based on spectral ranging, according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the picture: 1. Vertical moving mechanism; 11. Instrument base; 12. Bolt; 13. Angle iron; 14. Linear motion slide guide seat; 15. Ball screw slider; 16. Ball screw; 17. First servo motor; 18. Bracket; 2. Rotary moving mechanism; 21. Measuring rod support; 22. Second servo motor; 23. Main synchronous pulley; 24. Synchronous belt; 25. Measuring rod; 26. Driven synchronous pulley; 27. Mounting bracket; 3. Spectral ranging sensor; 31. Elastic clamp; 32. Fastening screw; 33. Clamping screw; 4. Cylinder liner to be tested. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1: This embodiment provides a cylinder liner texture measurement device and method based on spectral ranging, see reference. Figure 1 The system includes a vertical moving mechanism 1, a rotary moving mechanism 2, and a spectral ranging sensor 3. The rotary moving mechanism 2 is rigidly mounted on the side end face of the bracket 18 of the vertical moving mechanism 1 facing the cylinder liner 4 to be measured, forming a rigid connection between the two. The spectral ranging sensor 3 is vertically mounted on the side end face of the mounting bracket 27 of the rotary moving mechanism 2 away from the measuring rod 25. The vertical moving mechanism 1 is the basic support component, the rotary moving mechanism 2 is the intermediate transmission component, and the spectral ranging sensor 3 is the end effector component.

[0032] See Figure 1The vertical movement mechanism 1 is the core vertical positioning module of the device in this application. It can be detachably installed on the upper surface of the instrument base 11 of the device. It is the key structure for achieving precise vertical position adjustment of the spectral ranging sensor 3. The whole adopts a modular design with servo drive and guide rail sliding, which can adapt to the measurement position requirements of cylinder liners of different height specifications. The specific structure includes the instrument base 11, bolts 12, angle iron 13, linear motion slide guide rail seat 14, ball screw slider 15, ball screw 16, first servo motor 17 and bracket 18.

[0033] For details, please refer to Figure 1 The instrument base 11 is a flat, rigid structure, serving as the fundamental support component of the entire measuring device and providing a stable mounting base for the vertical movement mechanism 1, the rotary movement mechanism 2, and the spectral ranging sensor 3. The angle iron 13 is an L-shaped rigid metal structure, acting as a connecting transition component between the instrument base 11 and the linear motion slide guide 14. One end face of the angle iron 13 is fixed to the upper end face of the instrument base 11, and the other end face is fixed to the outer wall of the linear motion slide guide 14. Bolts 12 are used to sequentially pass through the angle iron 13, the linear motion slide guide 14, and the instrument base 11, enabling the linear motion slide guide 14 to be detachably and securely fastened to the instrument base 11. The purpose is to utilize the supporting characteristics of its L-shaped structure to ensure the verticality and structural stability of the linear motion slide guide 14, providing a precise guiding foundation for the vertical linear motion of the ball screw slider 15, while also facilitating the disassembly, assembly, position adjustment, and subsequent maintenance of the linear motion slide guide 14.

[0034] The linear motion slide guide 14 is a long, rigid, "U"-shaped structure and is the core motion guiding component of the vertical movement mechanism 1. Its opening faces the cylinder liner 4 to be tested, and its outer wall is fixed to the vertical end face of the angle iron 13. It is detachably mounted to the upper surface of the instrument base 11 via the angle iron 13 and bolts 12, and is arranged vertically to ensure its extension direction is consistent with the vertical movement direction. The inner wall of this component is precision-machined to match the ball screw slider 15, providing precise and smooth guidance for the vertical linear motion of the ball screw slider 15. The internal cavity of the linear motion slide guide 14 can accommodate the entire assembly of the ball screw 16, while the end provides a stable mounting base for the first servo motor 17. The overall structure is compact and rigid, effectively bearing radial loads during movement and preventing deformation or offset from affecting the motion accuracy of the ball screw slider 15, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the vertical positioning of the spectral ranging sensor 3.

[0035] The ball screw 16 is a slender rod-shaped precision transmission component, assembled in the internal cavity of the linear motion slide guide 14 along its vertical extension direction. One end is connected to the output shaft of the first servo motor 17, and the other end is rotatably adapted to the end of the linear motion slide guide 14. The ball screw 16 has a precision helical raceway machined on its body, serving as the power transmission component of the vertical movement mechanism 1. The ball screw slider 15 is a block-shaped rigid transmission component, with its inner side forming a helical transmission engagement through the meshing of balls with the helical raceway of the ball screw 16. During operation, the ball screw 16 can precisely convert the rotational power output by the first servo motor 17 into the vertical linear motion of the ball screw slider 15 along the linear motion slide guide 14. It features high transmission efficiency, small backlash, high positioning accuracy, and good self-locking properties, enabling the ball screw slider 15 to stably stop at any vertical position. The end face of the ball screw slider 15 facing the cylinder liner 4 to be tested is a flat mounting surface, which is used to fix the connecting bracket 18. It can synchronously drive the bracket 18 and the rotating moving mechanism 2 and the spectral ranging sensor 3 mounted on it to make vertical linear motion, so as to realize the precise adjustment of the vertical measurement position of the spectral ranging sensor 3.

[0036] The first servo motor 17 is the vertical power output component of the vertical movement mechanism 1. It is fixedly mounted on the end of the linear motion slide guide 14. Its output shaft is connected to the end of the ball screw 16, providing a precise and controllable power source for the rotation of the ball screw 16. The first servo motor 17 has high-precision speed and displacement adjustment characteristics, realizing accurate positioning of the vertical measurement position of the spectral ranging sensor 3 and matching adjustment of the movement speed; at the same time, it has strong operational stability and can effectively avoid the movement jamming and deviation of the ball screw slider 15 caused by power output fluctuations.

[0037] The bracket 18 is a block structure. One end face of the bracket is fixed to the end face of the ball screw slider 15 facing the cylinder liner 4 to be tested. The other end face serves as the assembly base for the rotary moving mechanism 2, used to fix the measuring rod support 21 and the second servo motor 22, ensuring the verticality and coaxiality accuracy of the measuring rod support 21 and the second servo motor 22. The bracket 18 can effectively bear the overall weight of the rotary moving mechanism 2 and the spectral ranging sensor 3, offsetting the radial and axial loads generated during the movement of the equipment, preventing the rotation center line of the rotary moving mechanism 2 from shifting due to structural deformation, and ensuring the accuracy and synchronization of the composite motion of the entire device.

[0038] See Figure 1The rotary moving mechanism 2 is the core rotary drive module of the device in this application. It is detachably installed on the end face of the bracket 18 of the vertical moving mechanism 1 away from the ball screw slider 15. It is the key structure for realizing the rotational motion of the spectral ranging sensor 3 around the cylinder. The whole adopts a synchronous belt drive and vertical rotation design to adapt to the measurement trajectory requirements of different directions of the cylinder liner texture. It can form a spiral measurement trajectory in any direction with the compound motion of the vertical moving mechanism 1. The specific structure includes a measuring rod support 21, a second servo motor 22, a main synchronous pulley 23, a synchronous belt 24, a measuring rod 25, a driven synchronous pulley 26, and a mounting bracket 27.

[0039] Specifically, referring to 1, the probe support 21 is the core positioning and support component of the probe 25 in the rotary moving mechanism 2. The probe support 21 is a block structure, fixed to the middle of the end face of the bracket 18 away from the ball screw slider 15. Its central axis coincides with the center line of the inner hole of the cylinder liner 4 to be tested and is parallel to the vertical direction of movement. The probe support 21 forms an all-round positioning support for the probe 25. The overall structure has high assembly precision and strong support stability. It can effectively bear the overall weight of the probe 25, the mounting bracket 27 and the spectral ranging sensor 3, and offset the impact force generated by the rotational movement. This ensures that the probe 25 rotates smoothly around its own vertical center line without swaying or lateral movement, laying a key structural foundation for the accuracy of the composite motion trajectory of the spectral ranging sensor 3.

[0040] The second servo motor 22, the main synchronous pulley 23, the synchronous belt 24, and the driven synchronous pulley 26 together constitute the synchronous transmission system of the rotary movement mechanism 2, achieving error-free and smooth power transmission. The second servo motor 22 is fixed in the middle of the bracket 18, with fast start and stop response and wide speed range; the main synchronous pulley 23 is rigidly fixed to the end of the output shaft of the second servo motor 22 on the same axis; the driven synchronous pulley 26 is rigidly fixed to the upper end of the measuring rod 25 on the same axis, and is installed at the same height and coaxially aligned with the main synchronous pulley 23; the synchronous belt 24 is closedly wrapped around the outer periphery of the main synchronous pulley 23 and the driven synchronous pulley 26, and achieves low-backlash and high-rigidity synchronous transmission by means of tooth meshing. During operation, the second servo motor 22 drives the main synchronous pulley 23 to rotate, which in turn drives the synchronous pulley 26 and the measuring rod 25 to rotate at a constant speed via the synchronous belt 24. This effectively suppresses transmission vibration and lateral sway, ensuring that the measuring rod 25 and the spectral ranging sensor 3 rotate smoothly, continuously, and accurately around the center line of the cylinder liner 4 under test, providing stable and controllable rotational power for any helix angle composite measurement trajectory.

[0041] The measuring rod 25 is a slender rod-shaped component and serves as the main rotation shaft of the rotary moving mechanism 2. It passes vertically through the central through hole of the measuring rod support 21, eliminating axial movement and radial wobble. Its vertical rotation centerline precisely coincides with the centerline of the inner hole of the cylinder liner 4 under test and remains parallel to the vertical movement direction of the ball screw slider 15, providing a reference for the accuracy of the rotational movement. The upper end of the measuring rod 25 is coaxially fixed with a synchronous pulley 26, which forms a transmission connection with the main synchronous pulley 23 of the second servo motor 22 via a synchronous belt 24. The lower end has bolt holes, providing a stable connection base for the horizontally fixed mounting bracket 27, enabling effective transmission of rotational power to the mounting bracket 27 and the spectral ranging sensor 3. The measuring rod 25 can smoothly drive the mounting bracket 27 and the spectral ranging sensor 3 to rotate synchronously around the center line of the inner hole of the cylinder liner 4 to be measured. During the rotation, the operation is smooth and the accuracy is stable, without jamming or deviation. It provides the core rotational motion support for the spectral ranging sensor 3 and the vertical motion to form a preset spiral measurement trajectory, ensuring the accuracy of the trajectory for multi-directional measurement.

[0042] Mounting bracket 27 is a horizontally arranged rigid connecting bearing component. One side is detachably fixed to the lower end face of measuring rod 25 by fastening screw 32, and rotates coaxially with measuring rod 25 around the vertical rotation center. The side away from measuring rod 25 is detachably connected to elastic clamp 31 by clamping screw 33, and is used for vertical assembly of spectral ranging sensor 3. Mounting bracket 27 has high rigidity and small deformation, which can stably support the weight of the entire detector and suppress rotational vibration.

[0043] See Figure 1 and Figure 2The spectral ranging sensor 3 is a precision end-effector for measuring the shape of the object. Through the mounting bracket 27 and the elastic clamp 31, it achieves a rigid, detachable connection and precise position adjustment with the rotating and moving mechanism 2. The spectral ranging sensor 3 continuously emits measurement light and receives reflected spectra. It has an internal filtering module and an inversion calculation module to remove noise from the raw data and invert the initial data into contour data. The elastic clamp 31 is a dedicated mounting and fixing component for the spectral ranging sensor 3, adapting to the mounting structure of the measuring rod 25 and the assembly requirements of the spectral ranging sensor 3. It is the core connecting component for flexible adjustment and precise positioning of the sensor. The elastic clamp 31 is fixed to one end of the measuring rod 25 by fastening screws 32 and the mounting bracket 27. After loosening the fastening screws 32, the elastic clamp 31 can move axially within the mounting hole of the measuring rod 25, achieving position adjustment along the axis of the measuring rod 25. Furthermore, the clamping screw 33 secures the sensor to the elastic clamp 31, ensuring the sensor's stability during measurement. After loosening the clamping screw 33, the spectral ranging sensor 3 can move vertically and rotate circumferentially within the mounting position of the elastic clamp 31, allowing for fine-tuning of the sensor's spatial position and light emission angle. Through the locking and unlocking action of the fastening screw 32 and the clamping screw 33, the elastic clamp 31 enables flexible adjustment of the spectral ranging sensor 3's three-dimensional position. On one hand, it precisely adjusts the vertical distance between the sensor and the measured surface of the cylinder liner 4, ensuring the spectral ranging detection range and measurement accuracy. On the other hand, it fine-tunes the parallelism between the sensor axis and the measuring rod axis, as well as the alignment angle between the light emission hole and the cylinder liner surface, ensuring that the measuring light is perpendicularly incident on the measured surface, eliminating measurement errors caused by angular deviations.

[0044] Example 2: Based on Example 1, see Figure 3 This embodiment provides a method for measuring cylinder liner texture based on Embodiment 1, using precise roughness measurement perpendicular to the texture direction as an example to achieve the maximum profile height. Core roughness depth Peak height removed Valley depth removed Support ratio , Accurate collection and quantitative analysis of core indicators.

[0045] S1. Position the cylinder liner to be tested. Adjust the device so that the rotation center line of the rotating moving mechanism coincides with the center line of the inner hole of the cylinder liner to be tested. Fine-tune the installation position of the spectral ranging sensor through the elastic clamp so that the axis of the spectral ranging sensor is parallel to the axis of the measuring rod. Fine-tune the position of the spectral ranging sensor so that the light output hole of the spectral ranging sensor is facing the surface of the cylinder liner to be tested and maintaining a suitable distance.

[0046] Step S1 includes the following steps: First, vertically fix the cylinder liner 4 to be tested at the measurement station, ensuring that its inner bore center axis is completely aligned with the rotation center line of the measuring rod 25 of the rotating moving mechanism 2. Then, loosen the fastening screw 32 and move the elastic clamp 31 axially along the mounting hole of the measuring rod 25 to coarsely adjust the distance between the spectral ranging sensor 3 and the measured surface of the cylinder liner 4 to the sensor reference distance (the optimal measurement distance, based on stable light collection from the rough metal surface, with no signal fluctuations or data distortion). Next, loosen the clamping screw 33 and finely adjust the vertical position and circumferential angle of the spectral ranging sensor 3 so that the sensor's light output hole faces the measured surface of the cylinder liner, ensuring that the measuring light is perpendicular to the measured surface. Finally, tighten the fastening screw 32 and clamping screw 33 respectively to fix the spatial position of the spectral ranging sensor 3, preventing displacement or angular deviation during measurement.

[0047] S2. Set the linear displacement speed along the axis driven by the first servo motor and the rotational speed around the cylinder liner axis driven by the second servo motor. Start the second servo motor and drive the measuring light beam of the spectral ranging sensor to move linearly along the cylinder liner generatrix. Under the combined action of vertical linear motion and rotational motion around the axis, the spectral ranging sensor forms a spiral motion trajectory in a preset direction on the surface of the cylinder liner being measured, thereby realizing the measurement of the micro-morphology of the textured surface of the cylinder liner; wherein, the helix angle θ of the motion trajectory of the spectral ranging sensor satisfies the formula In the formula R Let be the radius of the cylindrical surface of the cylinder liner being tested. The linear displacement velocity along the axis of the spectral ranging sensor. This refers to the rotational speed of the spectral ranging sensor around the cylinder liner axis.

[0048] Specifically, based on the detection direction requirements (taking the direction perpendicular to the mesh pattern as an example in this embodiment), combined with the cylindrical surface radius of the cylinder liner 4 to be tested... , reticulated spiral angle , The formula for calculating the helix angle. Determine the linear displacement velocity of the spectral ranging sensor 3. and measuring rod 25 rotation speed Matching relationship: that is =200, selected in this embodiment , That is, the helical lead is 200mm / r. Based on the calculated parameters, the first servo motor 17 and the second servo motor 22 are set to achieve uniform scanning of the sensor 20 along a preset trajectory on the surface of the cylinder liner 22. During the scanning process, the spectral ranging sensor 3 continuously emits measuring light, receives the reflected spectrum from the cylinder liner surface and inverts it into microscopic height data, and collects and stores the original contour data of the entire trajectory in real time for subsequent... , , , , , The calculation of these indicators provides a precise data foundation for height measurement, and the device always maintains a constant distance between the sensor's light-emitting aperture and the measured surface, eliminating distance deviation errors in non-contact measurement.

[0049] S3. Based on the required testing parameters, the raw data of the cylinder liner surface contour collected is processed in a targeted manner. The microscopic morphology characteristics of the cylinder liner surface obtained after processing and analysis are quantified and output to form a test report. After the test is completed, the servo motor is turned off, the sensor is reset, the cylinder liner under test is removed, and the entire measurement process is completed.

[0050] Step S3 specifically includes: filtering the original data using a filter to remove measurement noise and restore the true surface contour morphology; based on the filtered contour data, accurately calculating and quantifying the maximum contour height according to the calculation methods specified in GB / T18778.2 and GB / T10610 standards. Core roughness depth Peak height removed Valley depth removed The morphological characteristics and bearing ratio of the textured surface are analyzed by fitting the bearing ratio curve of the contour data. , Indicators; compare all core indicator data with national standard thresholds ( 3-8μm 0.2-1.6μm ≤0.35μm 0.5-3.0μm ≤14%, Comparative analysis was conducted on samples with a ≥70% yield, resulting in a complete test report containing index data, threshold comparisons, and morphological evaluations. After the test was completed, the servo motor was turned off, the sensor was reset, and the cylinder liner 4 to be tested was removed, thus completing the entire measurement process.

[0051] In this embodiment, the spectral ranging sensor scans along a spiral trajectory perpendicular to the mesh direction, perfectly matching the technical advantages of non-contact measurement and eliminating the contact error of the stylus tip arc in the stylus method. , , , , , The data on these indicators closely match the actual surface morphology of the cylinder liner, accurately reflecting the core structural characteristics such as the support width, groove depth, width, and slope of the textured platform. It is suitable for high-precision indicator detection scenarios at single points and fixed points, providing accurate data support for the control of core indicators of the cylinder liner textured morphology.

[0052] Example 3: This embodiment, based on Embodiments 1 and 2, uses full-area continuous scanning measurement along a direction parallel to the mesh pattern as an example to further demonstrate the universality of the method of this application, achieving full-area mesh pattern measurement of the cylinder liner inner bore. , , , , , The system can collect and analyze the uniformity of indicators across the entire area, and simultaneously detect the core roughness index at the bottom of the trench and the unobstructedness of the trench.

[0053] This embodiment is completely identical to steps S1 and S3 of embodiment two, with the main difference being step S2.

[0054] This embodiment focuses on the continuous and uniform detection of the full-area texture pattern of the cylinder liner inner bore. A composite motion scan is achieved along the direction parallel to the texture pattern. The vertical moving mechanism 1 and the rotary moving mechanism 2 are linked to form a spiral motion trajectory parallel to the texture pattern direction. The spectral ranging sensor 3 moves at a constant speed along the texture pattern direction, completing the full-area roughness and texture uniformity detection of the entire inner wall texture of the cylinder liner 4 under test, as well as the full circumference... , , , , , The distribution and collection of indicators. Specifically: (1) Initial positioning: Start the first servo motor 17, move the ball screw slider 15, the rotary moving mechanism 2 and the spectral ranging sensor 3 to the starting measurement end of the mesh pattern on the inner wall of the cylinder liner 4 to be measured, and align the initial position with the starting end of the mesh pattern.

[0055] (2) Parameter input: This embodiment assumes the radius The diameter is 50mm, and the surface texture helix angle of the cylinder liner is 22mm. Because it is necessary to ensure the helix angle of the motion trajectory of the spectral ranging sensor 3 Always with the helix angle of the reticulation Vertical, therefore Based on the actual lead of the 4-groove cylinder liner under test. =272mm / r, using the lead formula above, set the speed of the first servo motor 17 (corresponding to the vertical speed) to 272mm / r. ), second servo motor 22 speed , making In this embodiment, we select , This ensures that the generated spiral trajectory is completely parallel to the direction of the mesh texture.

[0056] (3) Linked scanning: The first servo motor 17 and the second servo motor 22 are started synchronously, and the two follow the same procedure. and The settings are configured so that the first servo motor 17 drives the ball screw 16 to rotate, which in turn drives the ball screw slider 15 to move vertically at a constant speed along the linear motion slide guide seat 14; the second servo motor 22 drives the main synchronous pulley 23 to rotate, which in turn drives the measuring rod 25, the mounting bracket 27 and the spectral ranging sensor 3 to rotate at a constant speed via the synchronous belt 24 and the synchronous pulley 26.

[0057] (4) Measurement along the mesh: The two mechanisms work together to form a spiral trajectory parallel to the mesh. The spectral ranging sensor 3 moves continuously along this trajectory and in a direction parallel to the mesh or groove, and collects the original contour data of the entire mesh / groove bottom in real time. The maximum contour height of each detection point is continuously calculated at equally spaced points on the mesh surface. Core roughness depth Peak height removed Valley depth removed and support ratio , The indicators record the distribution data and fluctuation range of indicators across the entire area, reflecting the circumferential uniformity of the network morphology; for the bottom of the trenches, precise data is collected. , , , The indicators reflect the micro-processing quality of the bottom of the groove. Combined with the abrupt change characteristics of the contour data, they determine whether there are defects such as foreign objects, processing burrs, or groove blockage in the groove.

[0058] This embodiment precisely controls motion parameters through a linkage formula, enabling the spectral ranging sensor 3 to move continuously and smoothly along the parallel mesh direction. It can complete the full-area mesh scanning detection of the cylinder liner 4's inner bore, as specified by national standards, in a single operation, acquiring data at each point. , , , , , The core indicator data can be used to evaluate the overall uniformity and continuity of the mesh pattern through the distribution analysis of the indicators across the entire domain. At the same time, it can realize the integration of indicator detection and defect judgment at the bottom of the groove. It is suitable for efficient detection scenarios of batch and full domain. The two motion trajectories are non-interfering, the measurement stability is strong, and the non-contact measurement method does not cause damage to the workpiece surface throughout the process, which greatly improves the yield and detection efficiency of cylinder liner inspection.

[0059] In summary, the device of this application has the following advantages: (1) Multi-directional detection: The present invention realizes the movement of the spectral ranging sensor along any preset trajectory on the cylinder liner surface through the coordinated control of the servo motor. It can scan along specific directions such as perpendicular to or parallel to the mesh pattern and groove direction, breaking through the limitation of traditional measurement that can only detect along the generatrix direction of the cylinder liner inner hole. It can accurately obtain multi-dimensional morphological data such as platform support width, groove depth, width, slope, and groove unobstructedness, meeting the all-round detection needs of the cylinder liner mesh surface; (2) Non-destructive measurement with guaranteed accuracy: The spectral ranging method is used to achieve non-contact detection, avoiding microscopic scratches caused by direct contact between the probe and the surface being measured in the stylus method. At the same time, it eliminates the contact error caused by the stylus tip arc not being able to reach the bottom of the microscopic trough, accurately collecting surface microscopic height data and significantly improving the maximum profile height. Core roughness depth Peak height removed Measurement accuracy of core roughness parameters; (3) Wider range of testing items: It can not only test the core characteristic parameters of the platform texture such as the maximum height of the contour, the depth of the core roughness, and the support rate specified by the national standard, but also measure the surface waviness of the cylinder liner by processing the contour data. At the same time, it can detect the bottom roughness of the groove, whether there are foreign objects in the groove, processing defects and other unobstructed conditions, and obtain the contour at the same time. Compared with traditional measurement, it has achieved a comprehensive expansion of testing items. (4) Enhanced adaptability: By establishing the matching relationship between the linear displacement velocity of the spectral ranging sensor and the rotation speed of the measuring rod through the helix angle calculation formula, the desired scanning trajectory helix angle can be obtained by adjusting the parameters, accurately adapting to the detection of cylinder liners with different cylinder radii and different helix angle specifications. Furthermore, the distance between the sensor and the measured surface can be kept constant during the measurement process, further ensuring the stability and accuracy of the measurement data under different working conditions.

[0060] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" used in the invention are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0061] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cylinder liner texture measurement device based on spectral ranging, characterized in that, It also includes a spectral ranging sensor, a vertical moving mechanism, and a rotary moving mechanism. The rotary moving mechanism is fixed to the vertical moving mechanism and moves vertically in a straight line synchronously with the vertical moving mechanism. The spectral ranging sensor is fixed to the rotary moving mechanism and rotates around an axis synchronously with the rotary moving mechanism.

2. The cylinder liner texture measuring device based on spectral ranging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical movement mechanism includes an instrument base, a linear motion slide guide seat, a ball screw, a ball screw slider, and a first servo motor. The linear motion slide guide seat is "U"-shaped with its opening facing the object to be measured and is fixed to the upper end face of the instrument base. The ball screw is fixed inside the opening side of the linear motion slide guide seat, and the ball screw slider is sleeved on the ball screw and slides in cooperation with the linear motion slide guide seat. The first servo motor is fixed to the end of the linear motion slide guide seat, and its output shaft is connected to the ball screw drive.

3. The cylinder liner texture measuring device based on spectral ranging according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vertical movement mechanism also includes angle iron, bolts and brackets. The linear motion slide guide seat is detachably fixed to the instrument base by angle iron and bolts. A bracket is fixed on the ball screw slider. The rotary movement mechanism is assembled on the bracket. The first servo motor drives the ball screw to rotate and drives the ball screw slider and the rotary movement mechanism to make vertical linear motion along the linear motion slide guide seat.

4. The cylinder liner texture measuring device based on spectral ranging according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotary movement mechanism includes a second servo motor, a synchronous belt drive assembly, a probe, a probe support, and a mounting bracket. The probe support is fixed to the side of the bracket away from the ball screw slider. The probe passes vertically through the central through hole of the probe support. The second servo motor is fixed to the end face of the bracket away from the ball screw slider and located on the side of the probe support. The synchronous belt drive assembly is connected between the output shaft of the second servo motor and the upper end of the probe. The second servo motor drives the probe to rotate around its own vertical centerline through the synchronous belt drive assembly. The mounting bracket is detachably fixed to the lower end of the probe.

5. The cylinder liner texture measuring device based on spectral ranging according to claim 4, characterized in that, The synchronous belt drive assembly includes a driving synchronous pulley, a driven synchronous pulley, and a synchronous belt; the driving synchronous pulley is coaxially fixed to the end of the extended output shaft of the second servo motor, and the driven synchronous pulley is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the measuring rod; the driving synchronous pulley and the driven synchronous pulley are at the same horizontal height, and the synchronous belt is wrapped around the outer circumference of the driving synchronous pulley and the driven synchronous pulley to form a transmission engagement; the vertical rotation centerline of the measuring rod coincides with the central axis of the inner hole of the cylinder liner being measured, and is parallel to the vertical movement direction of the ball screw slider.

6. The cylinder liner texture measuring device based on spectral ranging according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spectral ranging sensor includes an elastic clamp and a clamping screw. The elastic clamp and the clamping screw cooperate to achieve multi-directional displacement and control the distance between the spectral ranging sensor and the measured surface of the cylinder liner.

7. A method for measuring cylinder liner texture based on the cylinder liner texture measuring device based on spectral ranging as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Position the cylinder liner under test. Adjust the rotating mechanism so that the rotation center line of the rotating shaft coincides with the center line of the inner hole of the cylinder liner under test. Fine-tune the installation position of the spectral ranging sensor using the elastic clamp so that the axis of the spectral ranging sensor is parallel to the axis of the measuring rod. Fine-tune the position of the spectral ranging sensor so that the light output hole of the spectral ranging sensor is directly facing the surface of the cylinder liner under test and maintaining a suitable distance. The suitable distance varies with the model of the cylinder liner under test and the model of the selected spectral ranging sensor, and is based on the stable acquisition of reflected light from the rough metal surface, without signal fluctuation or data distortion. S2. Set the linear displacement speed along the axis driven by the first servo motor and the rotational speed around the cylinder liner axis driven by the second servo motor. Start the second servo motor and drive the measuring light beam of the spectral ranging sensor to move linearly along the cylinder liner generatrix. Under the combined action of vertical linear motion and rotational motion around the axis, the spectral ranging sensor forms a spiral motion trajectory in a preset direction on the surface of the cylinder liner being measured, thereby realizing the measurement of the micro-morphology of the textured surface of the cylinder liner; wherein, the helix angle θ of the motion trajectory of the spectral ranging sensor satisfies the formula In the formula R Let be the radius of the cylindrical surface of the cylinder liner being tested. The linear displacement velocity along the axis of the spectral ranging sensor. The rotational speed of the spectral ranging sensor around the cylinder liner axis; S3. Based on the required testing parameters, the raw data of the cylinder liner surface contour collected is processed in a targeted manner. The microscopic morphology characteristics of the cylinder liner surface obtained after processing and analysis are quantified and output to form a test report. After the test is completed, the servo motor is turned off, the sensor is reset, the cylinder liner under test is removed, and the entire measurement process is completed.

8. The method for measuring cylinder liner texture based on spectral ranging according to claim 7, characterized in that, When it is necessary to measure the surface morphology parameters of the grooved surface along a direction perpendicular to the cylinder liner groove, the helix angle is set. In the formula The helix angle of the cylinder liner surface texture is positive for right-handed rotation and negative for left-handed rotation. This represents the linear displacement velocity along the axis of the spectral ranging sensor. Rotational speed of the spectral ranging sensor about the cylinder liner axis Satisfy the matching relationship: .

9. The method for measuring cylinder liner texture based on spectral ranging according to claim 7, characterized in that, When it is necessary to measure the microscopic morphology parameters of the bottom of the cylinder liner groove, the helix angle is set. At this time, the linear displacement velocity along the axis of the spectral ranging sensor Rotational speed of the spectral ranging sensor about the cylinder liner axis Satisfy the matching relationship: .

10. The method for measuring cylinder liner texture based on spectral ranging according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the spectral ranging sensor aligns the measuring light with the bottom of the groove on the cylinder liner surface and moves along the groove direction, it detects the roughness of the bottom surface of the groove, the smoothness of the groove, and simultaneously acquires the contour.

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