A communication method, apparatus and system

Abstract

This application provides a communication system including a first device and a second device. A first transmitting component of the first device is interconnected with a first receiving component of the second device via a first channel, and a second transmitting component of the first device is interconnected with a second receiving component of the second device via a second channel. The first channel is in an active state, and the second channel is in an inactive state. The first device is used to send a first indication message to the second device via the first channel, instructing the second device to activate the second receiving component. The first device is also used to send first data to the second device via the second channel after sending the first indication message. The first data is used to train the second transmitting component and the second receiving component. The second device receives the first data sent by the first device and verifies the first data. Successful verification of the first data indicates that the second transmitting component and the second receiving component have been successfully trained. This solution can improve energy efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a communication method, apparatus and system. Background Technology

[0002] In digital communication networks, especially campus networks, traffic exhibits typical tidal characteristics; for example, traffic during late-night hours is generally much lower than the network's bandwidth. Currently, even when there is no traffic on the network, Ethernet interface devices need to remain operational. For instance, the physical layer (PHY), serializer / deserializer (SerDes), and optical modules of Ethernet interface devices remain active, resulting in significant power consumption waste.

[0003] Currently, to reduce the power consumption of Ethernet interface devices, some channels of the Ethernet interface device can be shut down during low traffic periods, and then the shut-down channels can be activated when traffic increases, thereby achieving energy saving. However, even so, the energy saving effect is still limited.

[0004] Therefore, a solution is urgently needed to address the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method, device, and system that can improve the energy efficiency of Ethernet interface devices.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a communication system comprising a first device and a second device. The first device includes a first transmitting component and a second transmitting component, and the second device includes a first receiving component and a second receiving component. The first transmitting component is interconnected with the first receiving component via a first channel, and the second transmitting component is interconnected with the second receiving component via a second channel. The first channel is in an active state, and the second channel is in an inactive state. The first device is configured to send the first indication information to the second device via the first channel, the first indication information instructing the second device to activate the second receiving component. Correspondingly, the second device is configured to receive the first indication information sent by the first device. The first device is further configured to, after sending the first indication information to the second device, send the first data to the second device via the second channel, the first data being used to train the second transmitting component and the second receiving component. Correspondingly, the second device is configured to receive the first data sent by the first device and verify the first data, wherein if the first data passes the verification, it indicates that the second transmitting component and the second receiving component have been successfully trained. Using the communication system provided in this application, the first device can train the second transmitting component and the second receiving component by sending the first instruction information and the first data to the second device when the second channel is in a non-working state (i.e., energy-saving mode). This enables the second transmitting component and the second receiving component to be quickly woken up when the second channel needs to switch to a working mode, thereby improving the energy-saving effect.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the first device is further configured to control the second transmitting component to switch from a closed state to an open state, so that the first device can use the second transmitting component to send first data to the second device. Correspondingly, the second device is further configured to: in response to receiving the first indication information, control the second receiving component to switch from a closed state to an open state, so that the second device can use the second receiving component to receive the first data sent by the first device. Wherein, the first device using the second transmitting component to send the first data to the second device means the first device sends the first data to the second device through the second channel; the second device using the second receiving component to receive the first data sent by the first device means the second device receives the first data through the second channel. Since the first device controls the second transmitting component to be open and the second device controls the second receiving component to be open, the first device and the second device can transmit the first data through the second channel, thereby achieving the purpose of training the second transmitting component and the second receiving component. Correspondingly, this allows the second transmitting component and the second receiving component to be quickly woken up when the second channel needs to switch to a working mode, thereby improving energy efficiency.

[0008] In one possible implementation, considering that the training of the second transmitting component and the second receiving component requires a certain amount of time, the first device can continuously transmit first data to the second device through the second channel during a first time period. Correspondingly, the second device can continuously receive the first data transmitted by the first device through the second channel during the first time period, so that the second transmitting component and the second receiving component can train themselves based on the first data within the first time period. The duration of the first time period can be, for example, a duration sufficient to ensure that both the second transmitting component and the second receiving component can be successfully trained.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the first device may send the first indication information to the second device through the first channel to wake up the second receiving component when the second transmitting component has been in the off state for a first duration. Correspondingly, the first device itself may also wake up the second transmitting component so that the second channel can be used to transmit the first data to train the second transmitting component and the second receiving component.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the first device maintains a first state machine, and the operation of the first device sending first data to the second device through the second channel can be controlled by the first state machine. As a specific example, the first state machine includes a first state and a second state. When the second transmitting component is in the off state, the first state machine is in the second state. When the second transmitting component switches from the off state to the on state, the first state machine transitions from the second state to the first state. The first state is used to trigger the first device to send the first data to the second device through the second channel. That is, after the first state machine transitions to the first state, the first device can respond to the first state machine being in the first state by sending the first data to the second device through the second channel.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the second device maintains a second state machine. The operation of the second device receiving and verifying the first data can be controlled by the second state machine. As a specific example, the second state machine includes a third state and a fourth state. When the second receiving component is in the off state, the second state machine is in the fourth state. When the second receiving component switches from the off state to the on state, the second state machine transitions from the fourth state to the third state. The third state is used to trigger the second device to receive and verify the first data sent by the first device through the second channel. That is, after the second state machine transitions to the third state, the second device can, in response to the second state machine being in the third state, receive and verify the first data sent by the first device through the second channel.

[0012] In one possible implementation, after training the second transmitting component and the second receiving component based on the first data, the first device can further send second indication information to the second device through the first channel. This second indication information instructs the second device to shut down the receiving component of the second channel. Correspondingly, the second device can also receive the second indication information sent by the first device through the first channel. In this scenario, after training the second transmitting component and the second receiving component, the second indication information can further trigger the second device to shut down the second receiving component, thereby saving power consumption and achieving further energy savings.

[0013] In one possible implementation, in addition to sending the second indication information to the second device, the first device can also control the second transmitting component to switch from an on state to an off state. When the second transmitting component is in the off state, the first device stops sending the first data to the second device. Correspondingly, the second device can also, in response to receiving the second indication information, control the second receiving component to switch from an on state to an off state. When the second receiving component is in the off state, the second device stops receiving the first data and stops verifying the first data. In this scenario, after training the second transmitting component and the second receiving component, the second transmitting component and the second receiving component can be further turned off, thereby saving power consumption of the second transmitting component and the second receiving component, thus further saving energy.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first device can control the second transmitting component to switch from an on state to an off state when the duration of transmitting the first data to the second device through the second channel reaches a second duration. The second duration mentioned here can be the duration of the aforementioned first time period. Using this method, the second transmitting component can be turned off to save energy when both the second transmitting and receiving components have been successfully trained. Furthermore, it allows the second transmitting and receiving components to be quickly woken up when the second channel needs to switch to an operating state.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the operation of the first device sending the second instruction information to the second device can be controlled by the aforementioned first state machine. Specifically, the first device can control the first state machine to jump from the first state to the second state in response to the second transmitting component switching from an on state to an off state. Furthermore, in response to the first state machine being in the second state, the second instruction information is sent to the second device through the first channel. Additionally, in response to the first state machine being in the second state, the transmission of first data to the second device through the first channel is stopped.

[0016] In one possible implementation, after the second device switches the second receiving component from the on state to the off state, it can also control the second state machine to jump from the third state to the fourth state in response to the second receiving component switching from the on state to the off state.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the first data can be any balanced bitstream of 0s and 1s. As a concrete example, considering that the 0s and 1s in a pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS) are balanced and that PRBS has a certain regularity, the first data can be a PRBS.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the first indication information is carried by a Media Access Control (MAC) message; or, the first indication information is carried by a specific code block; or, the first indication information is carried by a specific field segment in the Alignment Flag (AM), allowing for flexible implementation.

[0019] In one possible implementation, both the second transmitting component and the second receiving component are SerDes. That is, using this scheme, when the second channel is in a non-working state, first data can be transmitted through the second channel to train the transmitting SerDes (i.e., the second transmitting component) and receiving SerDes (i.e., the second receiving component) of the second channel. This allows the transmitting and receiving SerDes of the second channel to be quickly woken up when the second channel needs to be switched to a working state, thereby improving energy efficiency.

[0020] Secondly, this application provides a communication method applied to a first device, the first device including a first transmitting component and a second transmitting component. The first transmitting component is interconnected with the second device via a first channel, and the second transmitting component is interconnected with the second device via a second channel. The first channel is in an active state, and the second channel is in a non-active state. The first device can send a first indication message to the second device via the first channel, the first indication message being used to instruct the second device to activate a second receiving component. Furthermore, the first device can also send first data to the second device via the second channel, the first data being used to train the second transmitting component and the second receiving component. In this application, when the second channel is in a non-active state (i.e., power-saving mode), the first device can train the second transmitting component and the second receiving component by sending the first indication message and the first data to the second device, thereby enabling the second transmitting component and the second receiving component to be quickly activated when the second channel needs to switch to an active mode, thus improving energy efficiency.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: controlling the second transmitting component to switch from a closed state to an open state.

[0022] In one possible implementation, sending the first data to the second device through the second channel includes: continuously sending the first data to the second device through the second channel within a first time period.

[0023] In one possible implementation, sending the first indication information to the second device through the first channel includes: in response to the second transmitting component being in a closed state for a first duration, sending the first indication information to the second device through the first channel.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the first device maintains a first state machine, which includes a first state and a second state. The first state is used to trigger the first device to send the first data to the second device through the second channel. When the second transmitting component is in a closed state, the first state machine is in the second state. The method further includes: in response to the second transmitting component switching from a closed state to an open state, controlling the first state machine to switch from the second state to the first state. Sending the first data to the second device through the second channel includes: in response to the first state machine being in the first state, sending the first data to the second device through the second channel.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: sending a second indication message to the second device via the first channel, the second indication message instructing the second device to shut down the receiving component of the second channel.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: controlling the second transmitting component to switch from an on state to a off state, wherein when the second transmitting component is in the off state, the first device stops transmitting the first data to the second device.

[0027] In one possible implementation, controlling the second transmitting component to switch from an on state to a off state includes: in response to the duration of transmitting the first data to the second device through the second channel reaching a second duration, controlling the second transmitting component to switch from an on state to a off state.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the first device maintains a first state machine, which includes a first state and a second state. The first state is used to trigger the first device to send the first data to the second device through the first channel. When the second sending component is in a closed state, the first state machine is in the second state. The method further includes: in response to the second sending component switching from an open state to a closed state, controlling the first state machine to jump from the first state to the second state. Sending the second indication information to the second device through the first channel includes: in response to the first state machine being in the second state, sending the second indication information to the second device through the first channel.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the first data includes: a pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS).

[0030] In one possible implementation, the first indication information is carried by a Media Access Control (MAC) message; or, the first indication information is carried by a specific code block; or, the first indication information is carried by a specific field segment in the Alignment Flag (AM).

[0031] In one possible implementation, both the second transmitting component and the receiving component of the second channel are serializer deserializers (SerDes).

[0032] Thirdly, this application provides a communication method applied to a second device. The second device includes a first receiving component and a second receiving component. The first receiving component is interconnected with the first device via a first channel, and the second receiving component is interconnected with the first device via a second channel. The first channel is in an active state, and the second channel is in a non-active state. The second device can receive a first indication message sent by the first device via the first channel. The first indication message instructs the second device to activate the receiving component of the second channel, which is the second receiving component. Furthermore, the second device can also receive and verify first data sent by the first device via the second channel. The first data is used to train the second sending component and the second receiving component. If the first data passes the verification, it indicates that the second sending component and the second receiving component have been successfully trained. In this application, the second device can train the second sending component and the second receiving component by receiving the first indication message and the first data sent by the first device when the second channel is in a non-active state (i.e., power-saving mode). This allows the second sending component and the second receiving component to be quickly activated when the second channel needs to switch to an active mode, thereby improving energy efficiency.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: in response to receiving the first indication information, controlling the second receiving component to switch from a closed state to an open state.

[0034] In one possible implementation, receiving the first data sent by the first device through the second channel includes: continuously receiving the first data sent by the first device through the second channel within a first time period.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the second device maintains a second state machine, which includes a third state and a fourth state. The third state is used to trigger the reception of the first data sent by the first device through the second channel and to verify the received first data. When the second receiving component is in a closed state, the second state machine is in the fourth state. The method further includes: in response to the second receiving component switching from a closed state to an open state, controlling the second state machine to switch from the fourth state to the third state. The step of receiving the first data sent by the first device through the second channel and verifying the first data includes: in response to the second state machine being in the third state, receiving the first data sent by the first device through the second channel and verifying the first data.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving second indication information sent by the first device through the first channel, the second indication information instructing the second device to turn off the second receiving component.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: in response to receiving the second indication information, controlling the second receiving component to switch from an on state to a off state, wherein when the second receiving component is in the off state, the second device stops receiving the first data and stops verifying the first data.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the second device maintains a second state machine, which includes a third state and a fourth state. The third state is used to trigger the reception of the first data sent by the first device through the second channel and to verify the received first data. When the second receiving component is in a closed state, the second state machine is in the fourth state. The method further includes: in response to the second receiving component switching from an open state to a closed state, controlling the second state machine to jump from the third state to the fourth state.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the first data includes: a pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS).

[0040] In one possible implementation, the first indication information is carried by a Media Access Control (MAC) message; or, the first indication information is carried by a specific code block; or, the first indication information is carried by a specific field segment in the Alignment Flag (AM).

[0041] In one possible implementation, both the second transmitting component and the second receiving component are serializer deserializers (SerDes).

[0042] Fourthly, this application provides a communication device applied to a first device. The first device includes a first transmitting component and a second transmitting component. The first transmitting component is interconnected with a second device via a first channel, and the second transmitting component is interconnected with the second device via a second channel. The first channel is in an active state, and the second channel is in an inactive state. The device includes a transmitting unit configured to: transmit first indication information to the second device via the first channel, the first indication information instructing the second device to activate the receiving component of the second channel; and transmit first data to the second device via the second channel, the first data being used to train the second transmitting component and the receiving component of the second device.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the device further includes a processing unit for controlling the second transmitting component to switch from a closed state to an open state.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the sending unit is specifically used to: continuously send the first data to the second device through the second channel during a first time period.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the sending unit is specifically configured to: in response to the second sending component being in a closed state for a first duration, send the first indication information to the second device through the first channel.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the first device maintains a first state machine, which includes a first state and a second state. The first state is used to trigger the first device to send the first data to the second device through the second channel. When the second sending component is in a closed state, the first state machine is in the second state. The processing unit included in the device is further used to control the first state machine to switch from the second state to the first state in response to the second sending component switching from a closed state to an open state. The sending unit is specifically used to send the first data to the second device through the second channel in response to the first state machine being in the first state.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the transmitting unit is further configured to: transmit second indication information to the second device through the first channel, the second indication information instructing the second device to shut down the receiving component of the second channel.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the processing unit of the device is further configured to: control the second transmitting component to switch from an on state to a off state, wherein when the second transmitting component is in the off state, the first device stops transmitting the first data to the second device.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the processing unit is specifically configured to: control the second transmitting component to switch from an on state to an off state in response to the duration for which the first data is transmitted to the second device through the second channel reaching a second duration.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the first device maintains a first state machine, which includes a first state and a second state. The first state is used to trigger the first device to send the first data to the second device through the first channel. When the second sending component is in the off state, the first state machine is in the second state. The processing unit is further used to control the first state machine to jump from the first state to the second state in response to the second sending component switching from the on state to the off state. The sending unit is specifically used to send second indication information to the second device through the first channel in response to the first state machine being in the second state.

[0051] In one possible implementation, the first data includes: a pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS).

[0052] In one possible implementation, the first indication information is carried by a Media Access Control (MAC) message; or, the first indication information is carried by a specific code block; or, the first indication information is carried by a specific field segment in the Alignment Flag (AM).

[0053] In one possible implementation, both the second transmitting component and the receiving component of the second channel are serializer deserializers (SerDes).

[0054] Fifthly, this application provides a communication device applied to a second device. The second device includes a first receiving component and a second receiving component. The first receiving component is interconnected with the first device via a first channel, and the second receiving component is interconnected with the first device via a second channel. The first channel is in an active state, and the second channel is in an inactive state. The device includes a receiving unit and a processing unit. The receiving unit is configured to receive first indication information sent by the first device via the first channel, wherein the first indication information instructs the second device to activate the receiving component of the second channel, and the receiving component of the second channel is the second receiving component. The receiving unit is also configured to receive first data sent by the first device via the second channel. The processing unit is configured to verify the first data, wherein the first data is used to train the second sending component and the second receiving component. If the first data passes the verification, it indicates that the second sending component and the second receiving component have been successfully trained.

[0055] In one possible implementation, the processing unit is further configured to: control the second receiving component to switch from a closed state to an open state in response to receiving the first indication information.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the receiving unit is specifically configured to: continuously receive the first data sent by the first device through the two channels during a first time period.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the second device maintains a second state machine, which includes a third state and a fourth state. The third state is used to trigger the reception of the first data sent by the first device through the second channel and to verify the received first data. When the second receiving component is in a closed state, the second state machine is in the fourth state. The processing unit is further configured to control the second state machine to switch from the fourth state to the third state in response to the second receiving component switching from a closed state to an open state. The receiving unit is specifically configured to: receive the first data sent by the first device through the second channel in response to the second state machine being in the third state. The verification of the first data by the processing unit is specifically implemented as follows: the processing unit verifies the first data when the second state machine is in the third state.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the receiving unit is further configured to: receive second indication information sent by the first device through the first channel, wherein the second indication information instructs the second device to turn off the second receiving component.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the processing unit is further configured to: in response to receiving the second indication information, control the second receiving component to switch from an on state to a off state, wherein when the second receiving component is in the off state, the second device stops receiving the first data and stops verifying the first data.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the second device maintains a second state machine, which includes a third state and a fourth state. The third state is used to trigger the reception of the first data sent by the first device through the second channel and to verify the received first data. When the second receiving component is in a closed state, the second state machine is in the fourth state. The processing unit is further configured to: control the second state machine to jump from the third state to the fourth state in response to the second receiving component switching from an open state to a closed state.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the first data includes: a pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS).

[0062] In one possible implementation, the first indication information is carried by a Media Access Control (MAC) message; or, the first indication information is carried by a specific code block; or, the first indication information is carried by a specific field segment in the Alignment Flag (AM).

[0063] In one possible implementation, both the second transmitting component and the second receiving component are serializer deserializers (SerDes).

[0064] In a sixth aspect, this application provides an apparatus comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is configured to perform data processing operations as described in the second aspect and any one of the methods described in the second aspect above, and the communication interface is configured to perform data transmission and reception operations as described in the second aspect and any one of the methods described in the second aspect above; or, the processor is configured to perform data processing operations as described in the third aspect and any one of the methods described in the third aspect above, and the communication interface is configured to perform data transmission and reception operations as described in the third aspect and any one of the methods described in the third aspect above.

[0065] In one possible implementation, the device further includes a memory for storing instructions or computer programs, and the processor is configured to execute the instructions or computer programs in the memory to perform the method described in the second aspect and any one of the second aspects above. Alternatively, the processor is configured to execute the instructions or computer programs in the memory to perform the method described in the third aspect and any one of the third aspects above.

[0066] In a seventh aspect, this application provides an apparatus comprising a processing circuit and an interface circuit. The processing circuit is configured to perform data processing operations as described in the second aspect and any one of the methods described in the second aspect above, and the interface circuit is configured to perform data transmission and reception operations as described in the second aspect and any one of the methods described in the second aspect above. Alternatively, the processing circuit is configured to perform data processing operations as described in the third aspect and any one of the methods described in the third aspect above, and the interface circuit is configured to perform data transmission and reception operations as described in the third aspect and any one of the methods described in the third aspect above.

[0067] Eighthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium including instructions or a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the second aspect above and any one of the second aspects above, or, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the third aspect above and any one of the third aspects above.

[0068] Ninthly, this application provides a computer program product comprising instructions or a computer program, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the second aspect above and any one of the second aspects above, or causes the computer to perform the methods described in the third aspect above and any one of the third aspects above. Attached Figure Description

[0069] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0070] Figure 1a A schematic diagram of a transmitting end device and a receiving end device is shown;

[0071] Figure 1b A schematic diagram of a scenario for an energy-saving technology is shown;

[0072] Figure 2 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0073] Figure 3 A signaling interaction diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 4a A schematic diagram illustrating the working status of each module corresponding to the data sending end and the data receiving end, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0075] Figure 4b A schematic diagram of a state machine provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0076] Figure 4c A schematic diagram showing the working states of a first device and a second device respectively, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0077] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the execution method of the solution provided in the embodiments of this application is shown;

[0078] Figure 6a A schematic diagram illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0079] Figure 6b A schematic diagram illustrating yet another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0080] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0081] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0082] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0083] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0084] This application provides a communication method and apparatus that can improve the energy efficiency of Ethernet interface devices.

[0085] The apparatus mentioned in the embodiments of this application (e.g., the first apparatus and the second apparatus) may be an apparatus including an Ethernet interface, such as a network device including an Ethernet interface, or a component (e.g., a chip or board) on a network device including an Ethernet interface. The embodiments of this application do not specifically limit the scope. A network device including an Ethernet interface may also be referred to as an Ethernet interface device.

[0086] The Ethernet interface mentioned in this application includes an Ethernet media access control (MAC) layer device and a physical layer (PHY) device that support data transmission at a certain rate.

[0087] For reference Figure 1a To understand, Figure 1a A schematic diagram of a transmitting and receiving device is shown. Both the transmitting and receiving devices include Ethernet interfaces. The transmitting device refers to the communication device acting as a data sender, and the receiving device refers to the communication device acting as a data receiver. Considering that data traffic is bidirectional, therefore, in some other scenarios... Figure 1a The roles of the transmitting and receiving devices shown can be interchanged.

[0088] like Figure 1a As shown, both the transmitting and receiving devices include: a MAC layer device ( Figure 1a In short, MAC and physical layer devices ( Figure 1a (Simplified as PHY). Additionally, the transmitting device may include a transmitting component connected to its own physical layer device, and the receiving device may include a receiving component connected to its own physical layer device. In one example, both the transmitting and receiving components can be SerDes. Wherein:

[0089] The physical layer device includes: a physical coding sublayer (PCS), a forward error correction (FEC) module, and a physical medium attachment (PMA) sublayer. Additionally, although... Figure 1a Although not shown in the diagram, a reconciliation sublayer (RS) may be included between the MAC layer and the physical layer. The RS and PCS can communicate via a medium-independent interface (MII) channel. The MII channel can be a virtual channel or a logical channel.

[0090] In one example, the aforementioned MAC layer device can be a MAC chip, and the physical layer device can be a PHY chip.

[0091] In another example, the aforementioned MAC layer device and physical layer device can be different functional circuits on the same chip.

[0092] In some scenarios, "MAC layer device" can also be referred to as "MAC module," and in this application, the two terms can be used interchangeably. Similarly, "PCS" can be referred to as "PCS module," and in this application, the two terms can be used interchangeably. Likewise, "PMA" can be referred to as "PMA module," and in this application, the two terms can be used interchangeably.

[0093] When transmitting data, the transmitting and receiving devices can process the data according to the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) seven-layer model. The first layer of the OSI seven-layer model is the physical layer, and the second layer is the data link layer, which includes the MAC layer. The physical layer can include the aforementioned PCS, FEC module, and PMA.

[0094] The MAC layer of the transmitting device can generate MAC frames. The MAC layer of the transmitting device sends the MAC frames to the physical layer of the transmitting device. In scenarios where an RS is included between the MAC layer and the physical layer, the RS can convert the serial MAC frames into a parallel data stream and pass the data stream to the PCS through the MII channel.

[0095] The PCS can process the data stream received through the MII channel. In a specific example, the PCS can first encode (e.g., 64B / 66B encoding) and rate match the data stream, and then transcode (e.g., 256B / 257B transcoding) the encoded and rate-matched data stream. Further, scrambling is performed on the transcoded data stream. After scrambling, an alignment marker (AM) is inserted into the scrambled data stream, adding AM. Following AM insertion, the FEC module performs forward error correction (FEC) encoding on the AM-encoded data stream, and then performs interleaving and distribution on the FEC-encoded data to distribute the interleaved data to m PCS lanes connected to the PMA. These "PCS lanes" can be abbreviated as "PCSL".

[0096] PMA can perform m:n bit multiplexing on data from PCS (i.e., data from m PCSLs), mapping the data transmitted in the m PCSLs to n physical channels, so that the data carried by the n physical channels can be subsequently sent to the receiving device. The n physical channels can be channels between the aforementioned transmitting and receiving components.

[0097] The physical layer of the receiving device also includes the PMA, FEC module, and PCS. The operations performed by the physical layer of the receiving device are the inverse operations performed by the physical layer of the data sending device, which will not be described in detail here.

[0098] Currently, when traffic is low, some channels of Ethernet interface devices can be shut down, and when traffic increases, the shut-down channels can be reactivated, thereby achieving energy saving.

[0099] For reference Figure 1b , Figure 1b A schematic diagram of a scenario for an energy-saving technology is shown.

[0100] like Figure 1bAs shown, "active" indicates that the transmitting device is sending data to the receiving device, while "idle" indicates that the transmitting device is not sending data to the receiving device. During the "idle" time period, some channels of the Ethernet interface device can be shut down, and the shut-down channels will be turned on again when the "active" time period is about to arrive. Turning channels on and off requires a certain amount of time. Specifically, the time required to turn a channel on depends on the time it takes for the transmitting and receiving components to switch from a non-working state to a working state, and the time required to turn a channel off depends on the time it takes for the transmitting and receiving components to switch from a working state to a non-working state. In some scenarios, "non-working state" may also be referred to as "sleep state" or "energy-saving state."

[0101] exist Figure 1b In this context, Ts is the time it takes for the channel to switch from the working state to the sleep state (i.e., sleep time), Tw is the time it takes for the channel to switch from the sleep state to the working state (i.e., wake-up time), and Tq is the energy-saving time that the channel can achieve when it is actually in the sleep state.

[0102] It's easy to understand that, given a fixed IDLE time, a larger Ts+Tw results in a smaller actual energy-saving time Tq, and consequently, a worse energy-saving effect. Conversely, a smaller Ts+Tw results in a larger actual energy-saving time Tq, and consequently, a better energy-saving effect. When Ts+Tw = 0, the ideal 0 bits and 0 watts can be achieved, meaning energy consumption is directly proportional to link utilization.

[0103] However, due to limitations in device materials and manufacturing processes, achieving Ts+Tw = 0 is difficult. The devices mentioned here could be, for example, the aforementioned transmitting and receiving components. However, reducing Ts+Tw can improve energy efficiency. Currently, the Tw values ​​for both transmitting and receiving components are relatively large. Taking the transmitting and receiving components as SerDes as an example, a SerDes includes analog-to-digital conversion circuits, clock data recovery (CDR) circuits, and power sequence processing circuits. These circuits require certain parameters to function properly, and since the SerDes is in an inactive state for extended periods, these parameters are lost. Correspondingly, SerDes needs input data for training to determine the parameters necessary for the circuits within it to function correctly. This training process takes time, resulting in large Tw values ​​for both transmitting and receiving components, leading to longer channel wake-up times and impacting energy efficiency.

[0104] In view of this, this application provides a communication method and apparatus that enables the transmitting component and the receiving component to be quickly woken up, thereby reducing the aforementioned Tw and effectively improving energy saving.

[0105] Next, the solutions provided in the embodiments of this application will be introduced.

[0106] See Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 The communication system shown includes:

[0107] A first device 210 and a second device 220. The first device 210 includes a first transmitting component 211 and a second transmitting component 212, and the second device 220 includes a first receiving component 221 and a second receiving component 222.

[0108] The first transmitting component 211 is interconnected with the second device 220 via a first channel. Specifically, the first transmitting component 211 is connected to the first receiving component 221. The first channel is the channel between the first transmitting component 211 and the first receiving component 221. The first transmitting component 211 can be referred to as the transmitting component of the first channel, and the first receiving component 221 can be referred to as the receiving component of the first channel.

[0109] The second transmitting component 212 is interconnected with the second device 220 via a second channel. Specifically, the second transmitting component 212 is connected to the second receiving component 222. The second channel is the channel between the second transmitting component 212 and the second receiving component 222. The second transmitting component 212 can be referred to as the transmitting component of the second channel, and the second receiving component 222 can be referred to as the receiving component of the second channel.

[0110] Both the first channel and the second channel are channels through which the first device 210 sends data to the second device 220. That is, both the first channel and the second channel are channels in which the first device 210 is the sending end device and the second device 220 is the receiving end device.

[0111] Although Figure 2 Although not shown in the diagram, in one example, the first device 210 may also include an Ethernet interface, and the second device 220 may also include an Ethernet interface. In this scenario, the first device 210 sends data to the second device 220 through a first channel, which could mean that the Ethernet interface of the first device 210 sends data to the Ethernet interface of the second device 220 through the first channel; similarly, the first device 210 sends data to the second device 220 through a second channel, which could mean that the Ethernet interface of the first device 210 sends data to the Ethernet interface of the second device 220 through the second channel.

[0112] See Figure 3 The figure is a signaling interaction diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0113] Figure 3 The method shown can be applied to Figure 2 The communication system shown.

[0114] Figure 3 The first device in the middle can correspond to Figure 2 The first device 210 in the middle; Figure 3 The second device in the middle can correspond to Figure 2 The second device 220 in; Figure 3 The first channel in the middle corresponds to Figure 2 The first passage in the middle; Figure 3 The first sending component in the middle corresponds to Figure 2 The first transmitting component 211 in; Figure 3 The second sending component corresponds to Figure 2 The second transmitting component 212 in; Figure 3 The second channel in the middle corresponds to Figure 2 The second channel in; Figure 3 The first receiving component in the middle, corresponding to Figure 2 The first receiving component 221 in; Figure 3 The second receiving component in the middle corresponds to Figure 2 The second receiving component 222 in the middle.

[0115] Figure 3 The method shown includes the following steps S101-S104.

[0116] S101: The first device sends a first instruction message to the second device through the first channel. The first instruction message instructs the second device to activate the receiving component of the second channel. The first channel is in a working state, the second channel is in a non-working state, and the receiving component of the second channel is the second receiving component.

[0117] S102: The second device receives the first instruction information sent by the first device through the first channel.

[0118] In this application, a first device can transmit data to a second device through multiple channels, some of which are active and some are inactive. The active channels include at least one first channel, and the inactive channels include a second channel. In an active channel, both the transmitting and receiving components are active; in an inactive channel, both the transmitting and receiving components are inactive.

[0119] In this application, considering that the parameters upon which the transmitting and receiving components depend for normal operation require training by inputting data, data can be input to the transmitting and receiving components to train them in order to enable them to be quickly woken up.

[0120] For the second channel that is not in operation, the first device can send a first instruction message to the second device through the first channel. The first instruction message is used to instruct the second device to activate the receiving component (i.e., the second receiving component) of the second channel. Accordingly, the second device receives the first instruction message sent by the first device and activates the second receiving component.

[0121] This application does not specifically limit the carrier of the first indication information. The first indication information can be carried by any message carrier that the first device can send to the second device through the first channel.

[0122] In one example, the first indication information can be carried in a MAC message. In other words, the first device can send a MAC message to the second device through a first channel, and the MAC message carries the first indication information. This application does not specifically limit the location of the first indication information in the MAC message; the first indication information can be carried in any field of the MAC message that can carry the first indication information.

[0123] In another example, the first indication information can be carried by a specific code block. This application does not specifically limit the specific code block; the specific code block may, for example, be a PCS code block.

[0124] In another example, the first indication information can be carried by a specific segment in the AM. This application does not specifically limit the specific segment; the specific segment can be any segment in the AM that can be used to carry the first indication information. For example, the specific segment can be a pad segment.

[0125] In one example, the first device can send the first indication information to the second device through the first channel when the transmitting component (i.e., the second transmitting component) of the second channel has been in a closed state for a first duration. As a specific example, the first device can time the duration the second transmitting component is closed, and once the second transmitting component has been closed for the first duration, it sends the first indication information to the second device through the first channel. Of course, the triggering condition for the first device to send the first indication information to the second device through the second channel is not limited to the second transmitting component being in a closed state for a first duration. For example, the first device can also send the first indication information to the second device through the first channel upon receiving a component activation command from another device (e.g., a controller), wherein the component activation command is used to trigger the activation of the transmitting component of the second channel and the receiving component of the second channel.

[0126] This application does not specifically limit the first duration. The first duration may, for example, be the time during which the parameters required for the normal operation of the second transmitting component and the second receiving component become invalid. Alternatively, the first duration may be the time during which the parameters required for the normal operation of the second transmitting component and the second receiving component remain valid after the second transmitting component and the second receiving component are shut down.

[0127] S103: The first device sends first data to the second device through the second channel, and the first data is used to train the second transmitting component and the second receiving component.

[0128] S104: The second device receives the first data sent by the first device through the second channel and verifies the first data. If the first data passes the verification, it indicates that the second sending component and the second receiving component have been successfully trained.

[0129] In addition to sending a first instruction message to the second device through the first channel, the first device can also control the second transmitting component to switch from a closed state to an open state. In this way, the first device can use the second transmitting component to send data to the second device, and correspondingly, the second device can use the second receiving component to receive the data sent by the first device. Specifically, the first device sending data to the second device using the second transmitting component means sending data to the second device through the second channel, and the second device receiving data from the first device using the second receiving component means receiving data from the first device through the second channel.

[0130] In a specific example, the first device can send first data to the second device through the second channel. Correspondingly, the second device can receive the first data sent by the first device through the second channel. This application does not specifically limit the first data; the first data can be any balanced bitstream of 0s and 1s. As a specific example, considering that 0s and 1s in a pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS) are balanced and that PRBS has a certain regularity, the first data can be a PRBS. As another example, considering that for a certain data, such as the second data, scrambling can be performed on the second data to make the 0s and 1s in the resulting data stream balanced, the first data can be data obtained after scrambling the second data. For example, the first data can be a data stream obtained after scrambling using X39 or X58, where the second data can be any data, and this application does not specifically limit it.

[0131] In this application, the first data is used to train the second transmitting component and the second receiving component. Specifically, the second transmitting component and the second receiving component can use the first data to determine the parameters required for their normal operation. The process by which the second transmitting component and the second receiving component determine the parameters required for their normal operation using the first data is referred to as training the second transmitting component and the second receiving component. In one example, in a scenario where both the second transmitting component and the second receiving component are SerDes, the parameters required for their normal operation may include the parameters required for the normal operation of circuits such as the analog-to-digital converter circuit, CDR circuit, and power sequence processing circuit included in the SerDes.

[0132] In one example, considering that the training of the second transmitting component and the second receiving component requires a certain amount of time, the first device can continuously send first data to the second device through the second channel during a first time period. Correspondingly, the second device can continuously receive the first data sent by the first device through the second channel during the first time period, so that the second transmitting component and the second receiving component can train themselves based on the first data within the first time period. This application embodiment does not specifically limit the duration of the first time period; the duration of the first time period can be determined based on the parameters of the second transmitting component and the second receiving component. The duration of the first time period can be greater than or equal to the time required for the second transmitting component and the second receiving component to successfully train.

[0133] In one example, the first device maintains a first state machine. The operation of the first device sending first data to the second device through the second channel can be controlled by the first state machine. As a specific example, the first state machine includes a first state and a second state. When the second transmitting component is in the off state, the first state machine is in the second state. When the second transmitting component switches from the off state to the on state, the first state machine transitions from the second state to the first state. The first state is used to trigger the first device to send the first data to the second device through the second channel. That is, after the first state machine transitions to the first state, the first device can respond to the first state machine being in the first state by sending the first data to the second device through the second channel.

[0134] In one example, both the first state and the second state can correspond to energy-saving states, wherein the energy-saving level of the first state is lower than that of the second state. In one example, the first state is a shallow energy-saving state, and the second state is a deep energy-saving state. The deep energy-saving state can also include several different energy-saving levels, which will not be described in detail here.

[0135] In one example, the first state machine may include other states besides the first and second states. For example, it may include a working state and a wake-up state, where the working state corresponds to the non-energy-saving state, and the wake-up state refers to the intermediate state between the energy-saving state and the working state, which will not be repeated here.

[0136] In this application, after receiving the first data sent by the first device, the second device can verify the first data. For example, if the first data is a PRBS, the second device can perform PRBS verification on the received PRBS. PRBS verification is the reverse process of PRBS generation, and will not be described in detail here.

[0137] In one example, the second device maintains a second state machine, and the aforementioned S104 can be controlled by the second state machine. As a specific example, the second state machine includes a third state and a fourth state. When the second receiving component is in the off state, the second state machine is in the fourth state. When the second receiving component switches from the off state to the on state, the second state machine transitions from the fourth state to the third state. The third state is used to trigger the second device to receive and verify the first data sent by the first device through the second channel. That is, after the second state machine transitions to the third state, the second device can, in response to the second state machine being in the third state, receive and verify the first data sent by the first device through the second channel.

[0138] In one example, both the third and fourth states can correspond to energy-saving states, wherein the energy-saving level of the third state is lower than that of the fourth state. In one example, the third state is a shallow energy-saving state and the fourth state is a deep energy-saving state.

[0139] In one example, the second state machine may include other states besides the third and fourth states. For example, the second state machine may also include a working state and a wake-up state, where the working state corresponds to the non-energy-saving state, and the wake-up state refers to the intermediate state between the energy-saving state and the working state, which will not be repeated here.

[0140] In one example, the result of the second device's verification of the first data can characterize whether the second transmitting component and the second receiving component have been successfully trained. Considering that if both the second transmitting component and the second receiving component are successfully trained, the data transmitted by the first device and the data received by the second device should theoretically be consistent. Therefore, if the first data passes the verification, it indicates that both the second transmitting component and the second receiving component have been successfully trained; if the first data fails the verification, it indicates that at least one of the second transmitting component and the second receiving component has not been successfully trained.

[0141] As described above, both the first device and the second device can include an Ethernet interface. The first device sends first data to the second device through the second channel, which can be achieved by the Ethernet interface of the first device sending data to the Ethernet interface of the second device through the second channel. The Ethernet interface includes a MAC module, a PCS module, an FEC module, and a PMA module. In this application, whether it is the Ethernet interface of the first device or the Ethernet interface of the second device, its MAC module includes sub-modules corresponding to the first channel and the second channel respectively, its PCS module includes sub-modules corresponding to the first channel and the second channel respectively, its FEC module includes sub-modules corresponding to the first channel and the second channel respectively, and its PMA module also includes sub-modules corresponding to the first channel and the second channel respectively.

[0142] In one example, before the first device controls the second transmitting component to switch from a closed state to an open state: the sub-module corresponding to the second channel in the MAC module of the Ethernet interface of the first device is in a non-operating state to save energy; the sub-module corresponding to the second channel in the PCS module of the Ethernet interface of the first device is in a non-operating state to save energy; the sub-module corresponding to the second channel in the FEC module of the Ethernet interface of the first device is in a non-operating state to save energy; and the sub-module corresponding to the second channel in the PMA module of the Ethernet interface of the first device is in a non-operating state to save energy.

[0143] Similarly, before the second receiving component is switched from the off state to the on state by the second device: the sub-module corresponding to the second channel in the MAC module of the Ethernet interface of the second device is in a non-working state to save energy; the sub-module corresponding to the second channel in the PCS module of the Ethernet interface of the second device is in a non-working state to save energy; the sub-module corresponding to the second channel in the FEC module of the Ethernet interface of the second device is in a non-working state to save energy; and the sub-module corresponding to the second channel in the PMA module of the Ethernet interface of the second device is in a non-working state to save energy.

[0144] After the first device controls the second transmitting component to switch from a closed state to an open state, the first device sends first data to the second device through the second channel. In this case, the act of the first device sending the first data to the second device through the second channel is handled by the sub-modules related to the second channel in the PMA module of the Ethernet interface of the first device. The sub-modules corresponding to the second channel in the MAC module of the Ethernet interface of the first device remain inactive, as do the sub-modules corresponding to the second channel in the PCS module and the FEC module of the Ethernet interface of the first device. Specifically, the sub-modules related to the second channel in the PMA module of the Ethernet interface of the first device can be the lane-side modules related to the second channel in the PMA module of the Ethernet interface of the first device. For ease of description, the other modules in the PMA module of the Ethernet interface of the first device, excluding the aforementioned sub-modules corresponding to each channel, are referred to as the PMA core module. Therefore, the sub-modules related to the second channel in the PMA core module of the Ethernet interface of the first device are still in a non-working state.

[0145] Similarly, the act of the second device receiving the first data sent by the first device through the second channel can be accomplished by the sub-modules related to the second channel in the PMA module of the second device's Ethernet interface. The sub-modules corresponding to the second channel in the MAC module of the Ethernet interface of the second device, the sub-modules corresponding to the second channel in the PCS module of the Ethernet interface of the second device, and the sub-modules corresponding to the second channel in the FEC module of the Ethernet interface of the second device are all inactive. Specifically, the sub-modules related to the second channel in the PMA module of the Ethernet interface of the second device can be the channel-side modules in the PMA module of the Ethernet interface of the second device. For ease of description, the other modules in the PMA module of the Ethernet interface of the second device, excluding the aforementioned sub-modules corresponding to each channel (e.g., PMA channel-side modules), are referred to as the PMA core module. Therefore, the sub-modules related to the second channel in the PMA core module of the Ethernet interface of the second device are also inactive.

[0146] For reference Figure 4a To understand, Figure 4a This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working status of each module corresponding to a data sending end and a data receiving end, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0147] exist Figure 4a In Chinese: MAC module refers to the sub-module within the MAC module corresponding to the second channel; PCS module refers to the sub-module within the PCS module corresponding to the second channel; FEC module refers to the sub-module within the FEC module corresponding to the second channel; PMA core module refers to the sub-module within the PMA core module corresponding to the second channel. Figure 4a It is known that when the first device sends the first data to the second device through the second channel, most modules in the Ethernet interfaces of the first device and the second device that are related to the second channel (e.g., Figure 4a The MAC module, PCS module, FEC module, and PMA module are all in a non-working state, with only a few modules (e.g., Figure 4a The PMA channel-side module shown is in working condition, thereby enabling the training of the second transmitting component and the second receiving component while saving energy.

[0148] As can be seen from the above description, using the solution of this application embodiment, the first device can train the second transmitting component and the second receiving component by sending the first instruction information and the first data to the second device when the second channel is in a non-working state (i.e., energy-saving mode), so that when the second channel needs to switch to working mode, the second transmitting component and the second receiving component can be quickly woken up, thereby improving the energy-saving effect.

[0149] In one example, after executing the aforementioned S101-S104, the first device can also send second indication information to the second device through the first channel. The second indication information instructs the second device to turn off the second receiving component. Correspondingly, the second device can receive the second indication information sent by the first device through the first channel. After receiving the second indication information, the second device can control the second receiving component to switch from an on state to a off state. Regarding the carrier carrying the second indication information, it can be the same as the carrier carrying the first indication information. Therefore, for the carrier carrying the second indication information, please refer to the previous description of the carrier carrying the first indication information; it will not be repeated here.

[0150] As described above, the second device maintains a second state machine, which includes a third state and a fourth state. When the second receiving component is in the off state, the second state machine is in the fourth state. Therefore, when the second device switches the second receiving component from the on state to the off state based on the second indication information, it can also control the second state machine to jump from the third state to the fourth state in response to the second receiving component switching from the on state to the off state.

[0151] Regarding the second state machine, please refer to... Figure 4b To understand, Figure 4b This is a schematic diagram of a state machine provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 4b As shown, the second state machine includes: a working state, an EE1 state, an EE2 state, and a wake-up state. Wherein:

[0152] EE1 corresponds to the third state mentioned above (i.e., shallow energy-saving state), and EE2 corresponds to the fourth state mentioned above (i.e., deep energy-saving state). For example... Figure 4bAs shown, the second state machine supports multiple state transition methods. For example, when the second state machine is in the working state, it can transition to either the EE1 or EE2 state depending on the current traffic volume. When the second state machine is in the EE2 state, if the second receiving component switches from the off state to the on state, the second state machine switches to the EE1 state. When the second state machine is in the EE1 state, if the second receiving component switches from the on state to the off state, the second state machine switches to the EE2 state. Whether the second state machine is in the EE1 or EE2 state, it can eventually switch to the working state through a wake-up process.

[0153] In one example, in addition to sending the second instruction information to the second device, the first device can also control the second transmitting component to switch from an on state to an off state. In this way, both the second transmitting component and the second receiving component switch from an on state to an off state, thereby achieving a better energy-saving effect.

[0154] In a specific example, the first device can control the second transmitting component to switch from an on state to an off state when the duration of transmitting the first data to the second device through the second channel reaches a second duration. The second duration mentioned here can be the duration of the aforementioned first time period. As described above, the duration of the first time period is sufficient to ensure that both the second transmitting component and the second receiving component can be successfully trained. Therefore, when the duration of transmitting the first data from the first device to the second device reaches the second duration, the first device controls the second transmitting component to switch from an on state to an off state and stops transmitting the first data to the second device through the second channel.

[0155] In another specific example, after determining that the first data has passed verification, the second device can send a notification message to the first device. This notification message indicates that the first data has passed verification. In this scenario, the first device can also respond to receiving the notification message by controlling the second sending component to switch from an on state to an off state and stop sending the first data to the second device through the second channel.

[0156] For reference Figure 4c To understand, Figure 4c This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working states of a first device and a second device, respectively, provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 4cAs shown, both the second transmitting component and the second receiving component are in a turned-off state. Furthermore, the first device no longer transmits first data to the second device through the second channel, and the second device no longer receives first data transmitted by the first device through the second channel. The sub-modules related to the second channel in the PMA module of the Ethernet interface of the aforementioned first device (e.g., the PMA channel-side module) are also in a non-operating state to further save energy; similarly, the sub-modules related to the second channel in the PMA module of the Ethernet interface of the aforementioned second device (e.g., the PMA channel-side module) are also in a non-operating state to further save energy. Regarding... Figure 4c The modules shown can be referenced in the previous text. Figure 4a The description of that section will not be repeated here.

[0157] As described above, the first device maintains a first state machine, which includes a first state and a second state. When the second transmitting component is in the off state, the first state machine is in the second state. When the first state machine is in the first state, the first device sends first data to the second device through the first channel. In one example, the operation of the first device sending second indication information to the second device can also be controlled by the first state machine. Specifically, the first device can control the first state machine to jump from the first state to the second state in response to the second transmitting component switching from the on state to the off state. Furthermore, in response to the first state machine being in the second state, it sends second indication information to the second device through the first channel. Additionally, in response to the first state machine being in the second state, it stops sending first data to the second device through the first channel.

[0158] Regarding the first state machine, it can also be referred to Figure 4b To understand. For example Figure 4b As shown, the first state machine includes: a working state, an EE1 state, an EE2 state, and a wake-up state. Wherein:

[0159] EE1 corresponds to the first state mentioned above (i.e., shallow energy-saving state), and EE2 corresponds to the second state mentioned above (i.e., deep energy-saving state). For example... Figure 4b As shown, the first state machine can support multiple state transition methods. For example, when the first state machine is in the working state, it can transition to either the EE1 or EE2 state depending on the current traffic volume. When the first state machine is in the EE2 state, if the second transmitting component switches from the off state to the on state, the first state machine switches to the EE1 state. When the first state machine is in the EE1 state, if the second transmitting component switches from the on state to the off state, the first state machine switches to the EE2 state. Whether the first state machine is in the EE1 or EE2 state, it can eventually switch to the working state through a wake-up process.

[0160] In one example, the method steps provided in the above embodiments can be executed periodically while the second channel is in an inactive state. (See also...) Figure 5 To understand, Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the execution method of the solution provided in the embodiments of this application is shown. Wherein:

[0161] Figure 5 The diagram illustrates the state of the second channel, the state of the second transmitting component and the second receiving component, and the data carried by the second channel.

[0162] like Figure 5 As shown, when the second channel is active, it is used to transmit service streams or idle (IDLE) streams. When the second channel is active, both the second transmitting component and the second receiving component are enabled.

[0163] When the second channel is in a non-operating state, both the second transmitting component and the second receiving component periodically perform on and off operations. The time period during which the second transmitting and receiving components are on is T1. During the time period corresponding to T1, the second channel is used to transmit first data for training the second transmitting and receiving components. The time period during which the second transmitting and receiving components are off is T2. During the time period corresponding to T2, no data is transmitted on the second channel. T1 can correspond to the aforementioned second duration, and T2 can correspond to the aforementioned first duration.

[0164] It should be noted that, Figure 5 This illustration is provided for ease of understanding and does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application. Although Figure 5 Although not shown in the diagram, it should be noted that the second channel requires a certain amount of time to switch from an active to a non-active state. During this switching time, both the second transmitting and receiving components remain active. Furthermore, switching from active to inactive, from active to inactive, from inactive to active, and from inactive to active all require a certain amount of time. Figure 5 To briefly illustrate the principle of this scheme, the aforementioned switching time is not shown.

[0165] As described earlier regarding the first duration, the parameters upon which the second transmitting and receiving components depend for normal operation will not become invalid within that duration. Therefore, using this scheme, when the second channel needs to be activated, if the activation time falls within the time period corresponding to T2, the second transmitting and receiving components can be quickly activated because the parameters they depend on for normal operation have not yet become invalid. If the activation time falls within the time period corresponding to T1, the second transmitting and receiving components have already been trained using the first data for a period of time; therefore, switching the second channel to operational status effectively reduces the training time required for the second transmitting and receiving components. In other words, this scheme enables the second transmitting and receiving components to be quickly activated, thereby improving energy efficiency.

[0166] The solutions provided by the embodiments of this application have been described above. Next... Figure 5 The operations performed by the first and second devices are described.

[0167] In the following example, the illustration assumes that both the first and second devices are devices including an Ethernet interface and a processor, and that the first data is PRBS. The processor mentioned herein includes, but is not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU).

[0168] First, the operations performed by the first and second devices when switching from T2 to T1 will be described.

[0169] For reference Figure 6a , Figure 6a This is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0170] 1. The Ethernet interface of the first device receives a first instruction sent by its own processor. Based on this first instruction, the Ethernet interface of the first device initiates a start instruction to the second transmitting component. After receiving the first status information returned by the second transmitting component, the Ethernet interface of the first device controls the first state machine to enter the EE1 state (i.e., the aforementioned first state), and the Ethernet interface of the first device sends a PRBS to the second device through the second channel. Additionally, the Ethernet interface of the first device sends the aforementioned start instruction (corresponding to the aforementioned first indication information) to the second device through the first channel. The first status information returned by the second transmitting component indicates that the second transmitting component has successfully switched from the off state to the on state.

[0171] In one example, the processor of the first device may send the aforementioned first instruction to the Ethernet interface of the first device when the duration during which the second transmitting component is in the off state reaches a first duration.

[0172] 2. The Ethernet interface of the second device receives the start command sent by the first device, reports it to its own processor, and the processor of the second device sends a start command to the second receiving component. After the second receiving component returns the first status information, the Ethernet interface of the second device controls the second state machine to enter the EE1 state (corresponding to the aforementioned third state). The Ethernet interface of the second device begins to receive the PRBS sent by the first device and verifies the PRBS. The first status information returned by the second receiving component indicates that the second receiving component has successfully switched from the off state to the on state.

[0173] Next, the operations performed by the first and second devices when switching from T1 to T2 will be described. Specifically, the status returned by the second receiving component indicates that the second receiving component has successfully switched from the off state to the on state.

[0174] For reference Figure 6b , Figure 6b This is a schematic diagram of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0175] 1. The Ethernet interface of the first device receives a second instruction sent by its own processor. Based on this second instruction, the Ethernet interface of the first device initiates a shutdown instruction to the second transmitting component. After receiving the second status information returned by the second transmitting component, the Ethernet interface of the first device stops sending PRBS to the second device and controls the first state machine to enter the EE2 state (corresponding to the aforementioned second state). Additionally, the Ethernet interface of the first device sends the aforementioned shutdown instruction (corresponding to the aforementioned second indication information) to the second device through the first channel. The second status information returned by the second transmitting component indicates that the second transmitting component has successfully switched from the on state to the off state.

[0176] In one example, the processor of the first device may send the aforementioned second instruction to the Ethernet interface of the first device when the duration for which the first device sends the PRBS to the second device reaches a second duration.

[0177] 2. The Ethernet interface of the second device receives the shutdown command sent by the first device, reports it to its own processor, and the processor of the second device sends a shutdown command to the second receiving component. After the second receiving component returns the second status information, the Ethernet interface of the second device disables PRBS verification and controls the second state machine to enter the EE2 state (corresponding to the aforementioned fourth state). The second status information returned by the second receiving component indicates that the second receiving component has successfully switched from the on state to the off state.

[0178] It should be noted that, although in Figure 6a and Figure 6bIn this context, for the first device, the processor sends a command (e.g., a first command or a second command) to the Ethernet interface to trigger the second transmitting component to turn on or off. However, in some scenarios, the turning on or off of the second transmitting component can also be triggered by the Ethernet interface itself. For example, the circuit corresponding to the Ethernet interface may have the aforementioned first duration and second duration embedded in it. When the duration during which the second transmitting component is in the off state reaches the first duration, the Ethernet interface sends a start command to the second transmitting component. When the duration during which the Ethernet interface sends PRBS to the second device reaches the second duration, the Ethernet interface sends a stop command to the second transmitting component.

[0179] Based on the communication system and communication method provided in the above embodiments, this application also provides a corresponding communication device. Next, the communication device provided in this application will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0180] See Figure 7 This figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 The communication device 700 shown can be applied to the first device mentioned in the above embodiments. The first device includes a first transmitting component and a second transmitting component. The first transmitting component is interconnected with the second device through a first channel, and the second transmitting component is interconnected with the second device through a second channel. The first channel is in an active state, and the second channel is in a non-active state. Figure 7 The communication device 700 shown is used to perform the steps performed by the first device as provided in the above embodiments.

[0181] like Figure 7 As shown, the device 700 includes a sending unit 701, and optionally, the device 700 also includes a processing unit 702.

[0182] The transmitting unit 701 is configured to: transmit first indication information to the second device through the first channel, the first indication information instructing the second device to activate the receiving component of the second channel; and transmit first data to the second device through the second channel, the first data being used to train the second transmitting component and the receiving component of the second device.

[0183] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 702 is configured to: control the second transmitting component to switch from a closed state to an open state.

[0184] In one possible implementation, the sending unit 701 is specifically used to: continuously send the first data to the second device through the second channel during a first time period.

[0185] In one possible implementation, the sending unit 701 is specifically configured to: in response to the second sending component being in a closed state for a first duration, send the first indication information to the second device through the first channel.

[0186] In one possible implementation, the first device maintains a first state machine, which includes a first state and a second state. The first state is used to trigger the first device to send the first data to the second device through the second channel. When the second sending component is in the off state, the first state machine is in the second state. The processing unit 702 included in the device is further used to control the first state machine to switch from the second state to the first state in response to the second sending component switching from the off state to the on state. The sending unit 701 is specifically used to send the first data to the second device through the second channel in response to the first state machine being in the first state.

[0187] In one possible implementation, the transmitting unit 701 is further configured to: transmit second indication information to the second device through the first channel, the second indication information instructing the second device to turn off the receiving component of the second channel.

[0188] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 702 is further configured to: control the second transmitting component to switch from an on state to a off state, wherein when the second transmitting component is in the off state, the first device stops transmitting the first data to the second device.

[0189] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 702 is specifically configured to: control the second transmitting component to switch from an on state to an off state in response to the duration for which the first data is transmitted to the second device through the second channel reaching a second duration.

[0190] In one possible implementation, the first device maintains a first state machine, which includes a first state and a second state. The first state is used to trigger the first device to send the first data to the second device through the first channel. When the second sending component is in the off state, the first state machine is in the second state. The processing unit 702 is further used to control the first state machine to jump from the first state to the second state in response to the second sending component switching from the on state to the off state. The sending unit 701 is specifically used to send second indication information to the second device through the first channel in response to the first state machine being in the second state.

[0191] In one possible implementation, the first data includes: a pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS).

[0192] In one possible implementation, the first indication information is carried by a Media Access Control (MAC) message; or, the first indication information is carried by a specific code block; or, the first indication information is carried by a specific field segment in the Alignment Flag (AM).

[0193] In one possible implementation, both the second transmitting component and the receiving component of the second channel are serializer deserializers (SerDes).

[0194] See Figure 8 This figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 The communication device 800 shown can be applied to the second device mentioned in the above embodiments. The second device includes a first receiving component and a second receiving component. The first receiving component is interconnected with the first device through a first channel, and the second receiving component is interconnected with the first device through a second channel. The first channel is in an active state, and the second channel is in a non-active state. Figure 8 The communication device 800 shown is used to perform the steps performed by the second device as provided in the above embodiments.

[0195] Figure 8 The communication device 800 shown includes a receiving unit 801 and a processing unit 802.

[0196] The receiving unit 801 is configured to receive first indication information sent by the first device through a first channel, wherein the first indication information instructs the second device to activate the receiving component of the second channel, and the receiving component of the second channel is the second receiving component; and to receive first data sent by the first device through the second channel.

[0197] The processing unit 802 is used to verify the first data, which is used to train the second transmitting component and the second receiving component. If the first data passes the verification, it indicates that the second transmitting component and the second receiving component have been successfully trained.

[0198] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 802 is further configured to: control the second receiving component to switch from a closed state to an open state in response to receiving the first indication information.

[0199] In one possible implementation, the receiving unit 801 is specifically configured to: continuously receive the first data sent by the first device through the two channels during a first time period.

[0200] In one possible implementation, the second device maintains a second state machine, which includes a third state and a fourth state. The third state is used to trigger the reception of the first data sent by the first device through the second channel and to verify the received first data. When the second receiving component is in a closed state, the second state machine is in the fourth state. The processing unit 802 is further configured to control the second state machine to switch from the fourth state to the third state in response to the second receiving component switching from a closed state to an open state. The receiving unit 801 is specifically configured to receive the first data sent by the first device through the second channel in response to the second state machine being in the third state. The verification of the first data by the processing unit 802 is specifically implemented as follows: the processing unit 802 verifies the first data when the second state machine is in the third state.

[0201] In one possible implementation, the receiving unit 801 is further configured to: receive second indication information sent by the first device through the first channel, wherein the second indication information instructs the second device to turn off the second receiving component.

[0202] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 802 is further configured to: in response to receiving the second indication information, control the second receiving component to switch from an on state to a off state, wherein when the second receiving component is in the off state, the second device stops receiving the first data and stops verifying the first data.

[0203] In one possible implementation, the second device maintains a second state machine, which includes a third state and a fourth state. The third state is used to trigger the reception of the first data sent by the first device through the second channel and to verify the received first data. When the second receiving component is in a closed state, the second state machine is in the fourth state. The processing unit 802 is further configured to: control the second state machine to jump from the third state to the fourth state in response to the second receiving component switching from an open state to a closed state.

[0204] In one possible implementation, the first data includes: a pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS).

[0205] In one possible implementation, the first indication information is carried by a Media Access Control (MAC) message; or, the first indication information is carried by a specific code block; or, the first indication information is carried by a specific field segment in the Alignment Flag (AM).

[0206] In one possible implementation, both the second transmitting component and the second receiving component are serializer deserializers (SerDes).

[0207] See Figure 9 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 The device 900 shown includes an interface circuit 901 and a processing circuit 902. The interface circuit 901 is used to receive and / or transmit data, and the processing circuit 902 is used to perform data processing. The processing circuit 902 is optional.

[0208] In a specific example, the device 900 is used to perform the steps provided by the first device in the above embodiments, in which case the processing circuit 902 is optional.

[0209] The interface circuit 901 is used to send a first indication information to the second device through the first channel. The first indication information instructs the second device to activate the receiving component of the second channel and send first data to the second device through the second channel. The first data is used to train the second transmitting component and the receiving component of the second device.

[0210] Optionally, the processing circuit 902 is used to control the second transmitting component to switch from a closed state to an open state.

[0211] In yet another specific example, the device 900 is used to perform the steps provided in the above embodiments by the second device, in which case:

[0212] The interface circuit 901 is used to receive first indication information sent by the first device through the first channel, the first indication information instructing the second device to activate the receiving component of the second channel, the receiving component of the second channel being the second receiving component; and to receive first data sent by the first device through the second channel, the first data being used to train the second sending component and the second receiving component.

[0213] The processing circuit 902 is used to verify the first data. If the first data passes the verification, it indicates that the second transmitting component and the second receiving component have been successfully trained.

[0214] See Figure 10 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0215] In one example Figure 10 The device 1000 shown can be used to execute the communication method provided in the above method embodiments.

[0216] Please see Figure 10As shown, device 1000 includes a processor 1010 and a communication interface 1020. The number of processors 1010 in device 1000 can be one or more. Figure 10 Taking a processor as an example, processor 1010 is used to execute the communication method provided in the above method embodiments.

[0217] Processor 1010 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an NP, or a combination of CPU and NP. Processor 1010 may further include hardware chips. The aforementioned hardware chips may be ASICs, programmable logic devices (PLDs), or combinations thereof. The aforementioned PLD may be complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), generic array logic (GALs), or any combination thereof.

[0218] The communication interface 1020 is used to receive and / or send data.

[0219] In a specific example, the device 1000 is used to perform the steps provided by the first device in the above embodiments, in which case the processor 1010 is optional.

[0220] The communication interface 1020 is used to send a first instruction message to the second device through the first channel. The first instruction message instructs the second device to activate the receiving component of the second channel and send first data to the second device through the second channel. The first data is used to train the second sending component and the receiving component of the second device.

[0221] Optionally, the processor 1010 is used to control the second transmitting component to switch from a closed state to an open state.

[0222] In yet another specific example, the device 1000 is used to perform the steps provided in the above embodiments by the second device, in which case:

[0223] The communication interface 1020 is used to receive first indication information sent by the first device through the first channel, the first indication information instructing the second device to activate the receiving component of the second channel, the receiving component of the second channel being the second receiving component; and to receive first data sent by the first device through the second channel, the first data being used to train the second sending component and the second receiving component.

[0224] The processor 1010 is used to verify the first data. If the first data passes the verification, it indicates that the second transmitting component and the second receiving component have been successfully trained.

[0225] In one example, the device 1000 further includes a memory 1030. The memory 1030 may include volatile memory, such as random-access memory (RAM); the memory 1030 may also include non-volatile memory, such as flash memory, a hard disk drive (HDD), or a solid-state drive (SSD); the memory 1030 may also include combinations of the above types of memory. The memory 1030 may, for example, store the aforementioned first data.

[0226] Optionally, the memory 1030 stores an operating system and programs, executable modules, or data structures, or subsets thereof, or extended sets thereof. The programs may include various operation instructions for implementing various operations. The operating system may include various system programs for implementing various basic services and handling hardware-based tasks. The processor 1010 can read the programs in the memory 1030 to implement the methods provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0227] In one example, processor 1010, communication interface 1020, and memory 1030 can be connected via a bus system or other means, wherein, Figure 10 Taking the connection between China and Israel via the 1040 bus system as an example.

[0228] The bus system 1040 can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus system 1040 can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 10 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0229] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions or a computer program, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0230] This application provides a computer program product containing instructions or computer programs, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0231] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than that illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0232] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0233] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical business division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0234] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0235] Furthermore, the various business units in the embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software business unit.

[0236] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software business unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0237] Those skilled in the art will recognize that, in one or more of the examples above, the services described in this invention can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, these services can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media include any medium that facilitates the transmission of computer programs from one place to another. Storage media can be any available medium accessible to general-purpose or special-purpose computers.

[0238] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention.

[0239] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A communication system, characterized in that, The communication system includes: a first device and a second device. The first device includes a first transmitting component and a second transmitting component. The second device includes a first receiving component and a second receiving component. The first transmitting component is interconnected with the first receiving component through a first channel. The second transmitting component is interconnected with the second receiving component through the second channel. The first channel is in an active state, and the second channel is in a non-active state. The first device is used to send first indication information to the second device through the first channel, wherein the first indication information instructs the second device to activate the second receiving component; The second device is used to receive the first indication information sent by the first device through the first channel; The first device is further configured to send first data to the second device through the second channel, the first data being used to train the second transmitting component and the second receiving component; The second device is further configured to receive first data sent by the first device through the second channel and verify the first data. If the first data passes the verification, it indicates that the second sending component and the second receiving component have been successfully trained.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first device is further configured to: control the second transmitting component to switch from a closed state to an open state; The second device is further configured to: in response to receiving the first indication information, control the second receiving component to switch from a closed state to an open state.

3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Sending the first data to the second device through the second channel includes: continuously sending the first data to the second device through the second channel within a first time period; Receiving the first data sent by the first device through the second channel includes: continuously receiving the first data sent by the first device through the second channel during the first time period.

4. The system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The step of sending the first instruction information to the second device through the first channel includes: In response to the second transmitting component being in the off state for a first duration, the first indication information is sent to the second device through the first channel.

5. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first device maintains a first state machine, which includes a first state and a second state. The first state is used to trigger the first device to send the first data to the second device through the second channel. When the second sending component is in the off state, the first state machine is in the second state. The first device is further configured to: control the first state machine to switch from the second state to the first state in response to the second transmitting component switching from the off state to the on state; Sending the first data to the second device through the second channel includes: in response to the first state machine being in the first state, sending the first data to the second device through the second channel.

6. The system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first device is further configured to: send a second indication message to the second device through the first channel, the second indication message instructing the second device to turn off the receiving component of the second channel; The second device is further configured to: receive the second indication information sent by the first device through the first channel.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first device is further configured to: control the second transmitting component to switch from an on state to a off state, wherein when the second transmitting component is in the off state, the first device stops transmitting the first data to the second device; The second device is further configured to: in response to receiving the second indication information, control the second receiving component to switch from an on state to a off state, wherein when the second receiving component is in the off state, the second device stops receiving the first data and stops verifying the first data.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control of the second transmitting component to switch from an on state to an off state includes: In response to the duration of transmitting the first data to the second device through the second channel reaching a second duration, the second transmitting component is controlled to switch from an on state to an off state.

9. The system according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The first device maintains a first state machine, which includes a first state and a second state. The first state is used to trigger the first device to send the first data to the second device through the first channel. When the second sending component is in the off state, the first state machine is in the second state. The first device is further configured to: in response to the second transmitting component switching from an on state to an off state, control the first state machine to jump from the first state to the second state; Sending the second indication information to the second device through the first channel includes: in response to the first state machine being in the second state, sending the second indication information to the second device through the first channel.

10. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second device maintains a second state machine, which includes a third state and a fourth state. The third state is used to trigger the reception of the first data sent by the first device through the second channel and to verify the received first data. When the second receiving component is in the off state, the second state machine is in the fourth state. The second device is further configured to: control the second state machine to switch from the fourth state to the third state in response to the second receiving component switching from the off state to the on state; The step of receiving the first data sent by the first device through the second channel and verifying the first data includes: in response to the second state machine being in the third state, receiving the first data sent by the first device through the second channel and verifying the first data.

11. The system according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, The second device maintains a second state machine, which includes a third state and a fourth state. The third state is used to trigger the reception of the first data sent by the first device through the second channel and to verify the received first data. When the second receiving component is in the off state, the second state machine is in the fourth state. The second device is further configured to: in response to the second receiving component switching from an on state to an off state, control the second state machine to jump from the third state to the fourth state.

12. The system according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The first data includes: Pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS).

13. The system according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The first indication information is carried via a Media Access Control (MAC) message; or, The first indication information is carried by a specific code block; or, The first indication information is carried by a specific field segment in the alignment flag AM.

14. The system according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that, Both the second transmitting component and the second channel receiving component are serializer / deserializers (SerDes).

15. A communication method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a first device, the first device including a first transmitting component and a second transmitting component, the first transmitting component being interconnected with the second device via a first channel, the second transmitting component being interconnected with the second device via a second channel, the first channel being in an active state, and the second channel being in an inactive state. The first instruction information is sent to the second device through the first channel, and the first instruction information instructs the second device to activate the receiving component of the second channel; First data is sent to the second device through the second channel, and the first data is used to train the second transmitting component and the receiving component of the second device.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The method further includes: Control the second transmitting component to switch from the off state to the on state.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that, The step of sending the first data to the second device through the second channel includes: The first data is continuously transmitted to the second device through the second channel during the first time period.

18. The method according to any one of claims 15-17, characterized in that, The step of sending the first instruction information to the second device through the first channel includes: In response to the second transmitting component being in the off state for a first duration, the first indication information is sent to the second device through the first channel.

19. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The first device maintains a first state machine, which includes a first state and a second state. The first state is used to trigger the first device to send the first data to the second device through the second channel. When the second sending component is in the off state, the first state machine is in the second state. The method further includes: In response to the second transmitting component switching from the off state to the on state, the first state machine is controlled to switch from the second state to the first state; The step of sending the first data to the second device through the second channel includes: In response to the first state machine being in the first state, the first data is sent to the second device through the second channel.

20. The method according to any one of claims 15-19, characterized in that, The method further includes: A second instruction message is sent to the second device through the first channel, the second instruction message instructing the second device to turn off the receiving component of the second channel.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second transmitting component is controlled to switch from an on state to an off state, wherein when the second transmitting component is in the off state, the first device stops sending the first data to the second device.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The control of the second transmitting component to switch from an on state to an off state includes: In response to the duration of transmitting the first data to the second device through the second channel reaching a second duration, the second transmitting component is controlled to switch from an on state to an off state.

23. The method according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that, The first device maintains a first state machine, which includes a first state and a second state. The first state is used to trigger the first device to send the first data to the second device through the first channel. When the second sending component is in the off state, the first state machine is in the second state. The method further includes: In response to the second transmitting component switching from the on state to the off state, the first state machine is controlled to jump from the first state to the second state; The step of sending the second instruction information to the second device through the first channel includes: In response to the first state machine being in the second state, a second indication message is sent to the second device through the first channel.

24. The method according to any one of claims 15-23, characterized in that, The first data includes: Pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS).

25. The method according to any one of claims 15-24, characterized in that, The first indication information is carried via a Media Access Control (MAC) message; or, The first indication information is carried by a specific code block; or, The first indication information is carried by a specific field segment in the alignment flag AM.

26. The method according to any one of claims 15-20, characterized in that, Both the second transmitting component and the second channel receiving component are serializer / deserializers (SerDes).

27. A communication method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a second device, the second device including a first receiving component and a second receiving component, the first receiving component being interconnected with the first device via a first channel, and the second receiving component being interconnected with the first device via a second channel, the first channel being in an active state and the second channel being in an inactive state; the method includes: The device receives a first instruction message sent by the first device through the first channel. The first instruction message instructs the second device to activate the receiving component of the second channel. The receiving component of the second channel is the second receiving component. The first data sent by the first device is received through the second channel and the first data is verified. The first data is used to train the second transmitting component and the second receiving component. If the first data passes the verification, it indicates that the second transmitting component and the second receiving component have been successfully trained.

28. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that, The method further includes: In response to receiving the first indication information, the second receiving component is controlled to switch from a closed state to an open state.

29. The method according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that, Receiving the first data sent by the first device through the second channel includes: During the first time period, the first data sent by the first device is continuously received through the second channel.

30. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that, The second device maintains a second state machine, which includes a third state and a fourth state. The third state is used to trigger the reception of the first data sent by the first device through the second channel and to verify the received first data. When the second receiving component is in a closed state, the second state machine is in the fourth state. The method further includes: In response to the second receiving component switching from the off state to the on state, the second state machine is controlled to switch from the fourth state to the third state; The step of receiving the first data sent by the first device through the second channel and verifying the first data includes: In response to the second state machine being in the third state, the first data sent by the first device is received through the second channel and the first data is verified.

31. The method according to any one of claims 27-30, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second instruction information sent by the first device is received through the first channel, and the second instruction information instructs the second device to turn off the second receiving component.

32. The method according to claim 31, characterized in that, The method further includes: In response to receiving the second indication information, the second receiving component is controlled to switch from an on state to a off state. When the second receiving component is in the off state, the second device stops receiving the first data and stops verifying the first data.

33. The method according to claim 32, characterized in that, The second device maintains a second state machine, which includes a third state and a fourth state. The third state is used to trigger the reception of the first data sent by the first device through the second channel and to verify the received first data. When the second receiving component is in a closed state, the second state machine is in the fourth state. The method further includes: In response to the second receiving component switching from the on state to the off state, the second state machine is controlled to jump from the third state to the fourth state.

34. The method according to any one of claims 27-33, characterized in that, The first data includes: Pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS).

35. The method according to any one of claims 27-34, characterized in that, The first indication information is carried via a Media Access Control (MAC) message; or, The first indication information is carried by a specific code block; or, The first indication information is carried by a specific field segment in the alignment flag AM.

36. The method according to any one of claims 27-35, characterized in that, Both the second transmitting component and the second receiving component are serializer deserializers (SerDes).

37. A communication device, characterized in that, The apparatus includes a unit for performing the method of any one of claims 15 to 36.

38. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a processing circuit and an interface circuit, wherein the interface circuit is used to perform the receiving operation and / or transmitting operation as described in any one of claims 15-36, and the processing circuit is used to perform other operations as described in any one of claims 15-36 besides the receiving operation and the transmitting operation.

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