Sewage treatment agent

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, and in particular to a wastewater treatment agent, comprising the following components by weight percentage: 28%-30% magnetic grapefruit peel biochar; 20% visible light-responsive catalyst; 15% mussel-inspired flocculant; 20%-25% bioactive module; 10%-12% intelligent slow-release carrier; and synergistic additives, wherein the synergistic additives include 0.5%-2% methyl salicylate and 1%-3% humic acid-modified carbon quantum dots. The wastewater treatment agent of this invention achieves highly efficient COD removal, heavy metal adsorption, and microbial protection functions through the synergistic effect of multiple components. It exhibits excellent regeneration performance and is suitable for various water quality conditions (including high-salinity environments).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment, and more particularly to wastewater treatment agents. Background Technology

[0002] Wastewater treatment agents are chemical agents used to improve the effectiveness of wastewater treatment. Through flocculation, sedimentation, oxidation, and reduction, they remove pollutants such as suspended solids, organic matter, and heavy metal ions from wastewater, enabling it to meet discharge standards or achieve reusable water quality. There are many types, including coagulants, flocculants, oxidants, reducing agents, and disinfectants, which are widely used in industrial and domestic wastewater treatment and are an important means of achieving water resource recycling and environmental protection.

[0003] Traditional wastewater treatment agents suffer from insufficient heavy metal adsorption capacity, low degradation efficiency of organic pollutants, and susceptibility to inhibition of microbial activity. Furthermore, existing technologies lack effective control over photocatalytic byproducts, leading to the inactivation of engineered bacteria and impacting long-term treatment effectiveness. This invention, through the synergistic effect of multiple components combined with intelligent slow-release and free radical scavenging technologies, significantly improves wastewater treatment efficiency and stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a wastewater treatment agent.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a wastewater treatment agent comprising the following components by mass percentage:

[0006] 28%-30% magnetic grapefruit peel biochar;

[0007] 20% visible light responsive catalyst;

[0008] 15% mussel-inspired flocculant;

[0009] 20%-25% bioactive modules;

[0010] 10%-12% intelligent sustained-release carrier;

[0011] The synergistic additive comprises 0.5%-2% methyl salicylate and 1%-3% humic acid-modified carbon quantum dots.

[0012] Preferably, the magnetic grapefruit peel biochar is prepared by the following method:

[0013] Grapefruit peel was soaked in FeCl3 solution and subjected to oxygen-limited pyrolysis at 600℃ to form a porous magnetic carbon structure with a magnetic recovery rate of ≥95% and a reduction in the amount of iron ions dissolved.

[0014] Preferably, the visible light responsive catalyst is g-C3N4 / BiVO4 heterojunction nanoparticles, synthesized by a hydrothermal method, and used to generate free radicals to degrade organic pollutants under visible light excitation.

[0015] Preferably, the mussel-inspired flocculant is a polydopamine-coated chitosan microsphere with pH-adaptive flocculation function, used to capture microplastics and colloidal particles.

[0016] Preferably, the bioactive module includes:

[0017] Immobilized laccase was used to break down phenolic substances.

[0018] Engineered microcapsules containing the facultative anaerobic bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri are used for simultaneous denitrification and desulfurization.

[0019] Preferably, the intelligent sustained-release carrier is sodium alginate / attapulgite hydrogel particles or sodium alginate / montmorillonite composite hydrogel, wherein 1% of nanocellulose is added to enhance mechanical strength.

[0020] Preferably, the engineered microcapsules have a double-layer structure:

[0021] The inner layer is a sodium alginate-laccase complex, and the outer layer is a polydopamine shell with a thickness of 200 nm, which is used to isolate free radicals and bacteria.

[0022] Preferably, the preparation process of the wastewater treatment agent includes:

[0023] Microcapsules are formed by encapsulating engineered bacteria using microfluidic technology;

[0024] Freeze-drying is used to immobilize each component in a hydrogel network in the following order: sustained-release carrier (bottom layer), bioactive module (middle layer), and adsorption / catalysis / flocculation component (top layer), forming a concentration gradient-responsive release structure.

[0025] Preferably, methyl salicylate in the synergistic additive acts as a free radical scavenger to protect engineered bacteria from the effects of photocatalytic byproducts, while simultaneously stimulating the activity of the microbial community.

[0026] Preferably, the wastewater treatment agent has a COD removal rate of >95% and a heavy metal adsorption capacity of 400mg / g under laboratory conditions, and its efficiency remains above 85% after three regenerations, making it suitable for wastewater treatment in ecologically sensitive areas.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The wastewater treatment agent of this invention achieves efficient COD removal, heavy metal adsorption and microbial protection through the synergistic effect of multiple components. It has excellent regeneration performance and is suitable for different water quality conditions (including high-salt environments). Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0030] Wastewater treatment agent, comprising the following components by weight percentage:

[0031] 28%-30% Magnetic Grapefruit Peel Biochar: Prepared by immersing grapefruit peel in FeCl3 solution and then performing oxygen-limited pyrolysis at 600℃ to form a porous magnetic carbon structure. After preparation, its magnetic recovery rate is ≥95%, and the amount of iron ion leaching is reduced.

[0032] 20% Visible Light Responsive Catalyst: It consists of g-C3N4 / BiVO4 heterojunction nanoparticles, synthesized via a hydrothermal method, which generate free radicals to degrade organic pollutants under visible light excitation.

[0033] 15% Mussel Bionic Flocculant: Polydopamine-coated chitosan microspheres, pH adaptive flocculation of microplastics and colloids, capturing microplastics and colloidal particles;

[0034] 20%-25% Bioactive Module: Contains immobilized laccase for decomposing phenolic substances and engineered microcapsules (Pseudomonas stutzeri) for simultaneous denitrification and desulfurization.

[0035] 10%-12% Intelligent sustained-release carrier: sodium alginate / attapulgite hydrogel particles, containing 1% nanocellulose to enhance mechanical strength;

[0036] Synergistic additives: 0.5%-2% methyl salicylate (free radical scavenger) and 1%-3% humic acid-modified carbon quantum dots (catalytic synergist). Methyl salicylate protects engineered bacteria from photocatalytic byproducts while stimulating microbial community activity;

[0037] Microcapsules are formed by encapsulating engineered bacteria using microfluidic technology;

[0038] Freeze-drying is used to immobilize each component in a hydrogel network in the following order: sustained-release carrier (bottom layer), bioactive module (middle layer), and adsorption / catalysis / flocculation component (top layer), forming a concentration gradient-responsive release structure.

[0039] Under laboratory conditions, the COD removal rate is >95%, the heavy metal adsorption capacity reaches 400 mg / g, and the efficiency remains above 85% after three regenerations, making it suitable for wastewater treatment in ecologically sensitive areas.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Preparation and performance testing of standard proportion wastewater treatment agents

[0042] Component ratio (mass percentage): 30% magnetic grapefruit peel biochar, 20% g-C3N4 / BiVO4 heterojunction nanoparticles, 15% polydopamine-coated chitosan microspheres, 10% immobilized laccase, 13% engineered bacterial microcapsules, 10% sodium alginate / attapulgite hydrogel particles, 1% methyl salicylate, 1% humic acid-modified carbon quantum dots;

[0043] Preparation steps:

[0044] Step 1: Preparation of magnetic grapefruit peel biochar: Grapefruit peel was soaked in 1 mol / L FeCl3 solution for 24 hours, then subjected to oxygen-limited pyrolysis at 600℃ for 2 hours, and obtained as porous magnetic carbon structure after magnetic separation.

[0045] Step 2, Microcapsule encapsulation of engineered bacteria: Using microfluidic technology, Pseudomonas stutzeri and sodium alginate-laccase complex were encapsulated into bilayer microcapsules (inner layer thickness 50 μm, outer polydopamine shell 200 nm).

[0046] Step 3, Layered Immobilization: The bottom layer is a slow-release carrier (sodium alginate / attapulgite hydrogel particles), the middle layer is a bioactive module (immobilized laccase, engineered bacteria microcapsules), and the surface layer is an adsorption / catalysis / flocculation component (magnetic grapefruit peel biochar, g-C3N4 / BiVO4 heterojunction nanoparticles, polydopamine-coated chitosan microspheres). The components are then immobilized in the hydrogel network by freeze-drying to form a gradient release structure.

[0047] Performance testing:

[0048] COD removal rate: The initial COD value of the simulated wastewater in the laboratory was 500 mg / L. After adding 1 g / L of wastewater treatment agent and irradiating with visible light (λ≥420 nm) for 6 hours, the COD removal rate reached 97%.

[0049] Heavy metal adsorption: For wastewater containing Pb²⁺ (200 mg / L), the adsorption capacity is 412 mg / g;

[0050] Regeneration performance: After three magnetic recovery regeneration cycles, the COD removal rate remains at 89%.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] Optimization of high bioactivity module ratio

[0053] Component ratio adjustment:

[0054] The bioactive module was increased to 25% (12% immobilized laccase and 13% engineered microcapsules), and the remaining components were adjusted proportionally.

[0055] Improved preparation process:

[0056] The polydopamine shell of the engineered bacteria microcapsules was thickened to 250 nm, enhancing their free radical isolation ability;

[0057] 1% nanocellulose was added to the sustained-release carrier;

[0058] Effect verification:

[0059] Improved nitrogen removal efficiency: Ammonia nitrogen removal rate increased from 85% to 93%, and sulfide degradation rate increased from 78% to 88%;

[0060] Survival rate of engineered bacteria: After photocatalytic reaction, the survival rate of bacterial population increased from 80% to 92%.

[0061] Example 3;

[0062] Wastewater treatment agents suitable for high-salinity wastewater

[0063] Component adjustment:

[0064] The intelligent sustained-release carrier is replaced with sodium alginate / montmorillonite composite hydrogel (enhanced salt resistance).

[0065] The proportion of humic acid-modified carbon quantum dots in the synergistic additive is increased to 3%, thereby enhancing catalytic activity;

[0066] Application scenario testing:

[0067] When treating industrial wastewater with a salinity of 3%, the COD removal rate still reaches 91%.

[0068] The heavy metal adsorption capacity was stable at 380 mg / g (Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ mixed solution).

[0069] The sustained release time is extended to 72 hours, making it suitable for continuous flow processing systems.

[0070] The wastewater treatment agent of this invention achieves efficient COD removal, heavy metal adsorption, and microbial protection through the synergistic effect of multiple components. Examples demonstrate its superior regeneration performance, suitability for various water quality conditions (including high-salinity environments), and broad application prospects in wastewater treatment in ecologically sensitive areas.

[0071] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A wastewater treatment agent, characterized in that, It consists of the following components by mass percentage: 28%-30% magnetic grapefruit peel biochar; 20% visible light responsive catalyst; 15% mussel-inspired flocculant; 20%-25% bioactive modules; 10%-12% intelligent sustained-release carrier; The synergistic additive comprises 0.5%-2% methyl salicylate and 1%-3% humic acid-modified carbon quantum dots.

2. The wastewater treatment agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic grapefruit peel biochar is prepared by the following method: Grapefruit peel was soaked in FeCl3 solution and subjected to oxygen-limited pyrolysis at 600℃ to form a porous magnetic carbon structure with a magnetic recovery rate of ≥95% and a reduction in the amount of iron ions dissolved.

3. The wastewater treatment agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visible light responsive catalyst is g-C3N4 / BiVO4 heterojunction nanoparticles, synthesized by a hydrothermal method, and used to generate free radicals to degrade organic pollutants under visible light excitation.

4. The wastewater treatment agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mussel-inspired flocculant is a polydopamine-coated chitosan microsphere with pH-adaptive flocculation function, used to capture microplastics and colloidal particles.

5. The wastewater treatment agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bioactive module includes: Immobilized laccase was used to decompose phenolic substances. Engineered microcapsules containing the facultative anaerobic bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri are used for simultaneous denitrification and desulfurization.

6. The wastewater treatment agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent sustained-release carrier is sodium alginate / attapulgite hydrogel particles or sodium alginate / montmorillonite composite hydrogel, with 1% nanocellulose added to enhance mechanical strength.

7. The wastewater treatment agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The engineered bacterial microcapsules have a double-layer structure: The inner layer is a sodium alginate-laccase complex, and the outer layer is a polydopamine shell with a thickness of 200 nm, which is used to isolate free radicals and bacteria.

8. The wastewater treatment agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation process of the wastewater treatment agent includes: Microcapsules are formed by encapsulating engineered bacteria using microfluidic technology; Freeze-drying is used to immobilize each component in a hydrogel network in the following order: sustained-release carrier (bottom layer), bioactive module (middle layer), and adsorption / catalysis / flocculation component (top layer), forming a concentration gradient-responsive release structure.

9. The wastewater treatment agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methyl salicylate in the synergistic additive acts as a free radical scavenger, protecting engineered bacteria from the effects of photocatalytic byproducts while stimulating microbial community activity.

10. The wastewater treatment agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wastewater treatment agent exhibits a COD removal rate of >95% and a heavy metal adsorption capacity of 400 mg / g under laboratory conditions, and maintains an efficiency of over 85% after three regenerations, making it suitable for wastewater treatment in ecologically sensitive areas.