A wireless perception method, system, device, medium, and product

Abstract

This invention discloses a wireless sensing method, system, device, medium, and product, comprising: generating a wireless sensing frame by triggering a sensing function at a transmitting end and transmitting the wireless sensing frame to a receiving end via a data communication frame; the wireless sensing frame is a dedicated physical layer protocol data unit format, containing at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, and carrying a sensing reference signal pre-agreed upon by the transmitting and receiving ends on a predetermined proportion of available subcarriers on the OFDM symbol; and generating sensing data based on the wireless sensing frame upon receiving it at the receiving end. These technical features overcome the performance limitations of sensing algorithms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a wireless sensing method, system, device, medium, and product. Background Technology

[0002] Current Wi-Fi sensing relies on physical layer Channel State Information (CSI). Existing Wi-Fi systems based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) employ a physical layer frame structure designed for efficient data transmission. During channel estimation, the receiver acquires the channel frequency response using a small number of fixed-position pilot subcarriers, and then estimates the channel response of the data subcarriers using an interpolation algorithm. This achieves a balance between channel estimation accuracy and spectral efficiency, ensuring communication reliability.

[0003] However, Wi-Fi systems were originally designed for wireless communication, which fundamentally limits their expansion into high-precision sensing applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a wireless sensing method, system, device, medium, and product to address the performance limitations of sensing algorithms.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a wireless sensing method applied to a wireless sensing system, the wireless sensing system including a transmitter and a receiver, the method comprising: After the sensing function is triggered by the transmitter, a wireless sensing frame is generated and sent to the receiver via a data communication frame. The wireless sensing frame is a dedicated physical layer protocol data unit format and contains at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol. A sensing reference signal pre-agreed between the transmitter and the receiver is carried on a set proportion of available subcarriers on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol. Upon receiving the wireless sensing frame, the receiving end generates sensing data based on the wireless sensing frame.

[0006] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a wireless sensing system, including a transmitter and a receiver; The transmitting end is used to generate a wireless sensing frame after triggering the sensing function and send the wireless sensing frame to the receiving end through a data communication frame. The wireless sensing frame is a dedicated physical layer protocol data unit format, containing at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol. A sensing reference signal pre-agreed between the transmitting end and the receiving end is carried on a set proportion of available subcarriers on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol. The receiving end is used to generate sensing data based on the wireless sensing frame when it receives the wireless sensing frame.

[0007] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide an electronic device integrating the wireless sensing system, comprising: At least one processor; and A memory that is communicatively connected to at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor, such that the at least one processor is able to perform a wireless sensing method provided in the first aspect embodiment described above.

[0008] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement a wireless sensing method provided in the first aspect of the embodiments described above.

[0009] Fifthly, this disclosure provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a wireless sensing method provided in the first aspect of the embodiments described above.

[0010] The technical solution of this invention involves the transmitter triggering a sensing function to generate a wireless sensing frame and transmitting it to the receiver via a data communication frame. The wireless sensing frame is in a dedicated physical layer protocol data unit format and includes at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol. A predetermined proportion of available subcarriers on the OFDM symbol carries a sensing reference signal pre-agreed upon by the transmitter and receiver. Upon receiving the wireless sensing frame, the receiver generates sensing data based on it. These technical features solve the performance limitations of sensing algorithms during data communication.

[0011] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1This is a flowchart of a wireless sensing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a wireless sensing method for a transmitter provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a wireless sensing method for a receiving end provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wireless sensing system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0016] Currently, Wi-Fi sensing utilizes Channel State Information (CSI) at the physical layer for detection. However, Wi-Fi itself is a wireless communication system, designed primarily for communication purposes. This introduces significant limitations for sensing tasks.

[0017] In existing technologies, wireless communication systems based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), such as Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11 series), have physical layer frame structures designed for efficient data transmission. Within this framework, channel estimation is a necessary step to ensure communication reliability, and its methods typically include the following: Each OFDM symbol contains two types of subcarriers: data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers.

[0018] Pilot subcarriers are few in number (e.g., only four in a 20 MHz bandwidth of 802.11n) and are placed in predefined fixed positions. These pilot subcarriers carry a reference signal known to both the transmitter and receiver.

[0019] The receiver receives these known pilot signals and calculates the channel frequency response (CFR) at the pilot locations. Then, it uses interpolation algorithms (such as linear interpolation, least squares estimation, etc.) to estimate the channel response at all data subcarrier locations, which is then used for coherent demodulation of subsequent data subcarriers.

[0020] The core idea of ​​this design is to strike a balance between channel estimation accuracy and spectral efficiency, that is, to achieve sufficiently reliable data demodulation (to ensure communication reliability) with minimal pilot overhead (ensuring spectral efficiency for data transmission).

[0021] When the aforementioned communication-designed system is applied to high-precision wireless sensing (such as gesture recognition, respiratory monitoring, indoor positioning, etc.), its inherent channel estimation method reveals the following serious defects: Low resolution and interpolation errors: Sparse pilot subcarriers can only provide sparse sampling of the channel frequency response. The CFR of the entire channel obtained through interpolation is an estimate, which loses the fine features of the channel in the frequency domain. This smoothing effect greatly limits the accuracy and resolution of sensing. Phase information contamination: Receivers optimized for communication integrate a series of automatic control loops, such as Automatic Gain Control (AGC), Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) compensation, and Sampling Clock Offset (SCO) compensation. While these loops ensure communication stability, their dynamic adjustment behavior introduces phase disturbances and amplitude jumps that are not inherent to the channel itself, severely contaminating the phase information crucial for the micro-Doppler effect. Black-box operation and information loss: Existing Wi-Fi chips typically only output internally processed Channel State Information (CSI) for data subcarrier demodulation to upper-layer applications. Users cannot access the raw, uninterpolated pilot subcarrier channel responses, resulting in the loss of the most direct and purest channel measurement information, which limits the performance ceiling of sensing algorithms.

[0022] Based on this, embodiments of the present invention provide a full pilot subcarrier method and system specifically designed for high-precision wireless sensing, in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects.

[0023] In one embodiment, Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a wireless sensing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to wireless sensing situations during communication. The method can be executed by a wireless sensing system, which can be implemented in hardware and / or software, including a transmitter and a receiver.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the method includes: S101. After triggering the sensing function through the transmitter, a wireless sensing frame is generated and sent to the receiver through a data communication frame. The wireless sensing frame is a dedicated physical layer protocol data unit format, containing at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol. The sensing reference signal pre-agreed between the transmitter and the receiver is carried on a set proportion of available subcarriers on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol.

[0025] Among them, the set ratio is at least 90%; the available subcarriers are configured as pilot subcarriers, which are all subcarriers on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol except for the guard band and DC subcarriers; the sensing reference signal is a known reference signal sequence dedicated to sensing, and the reference signal sequence has autocorrelation characteristics.

[0026] In this embodiment, the transmitting end can be understood as the module responsible for generating and sending sensing frames in the wireless sensing system (such as a Wi-Fi transmitting module integrated into the device); the sensing function can be understood as the instruction signal that triggers the device to start the generation and transmission of dedicated sensing frames. The wireless sensing frame can be understood as a custom data frame specifically designed for wireless sensing in this embodiment of the invention, using a dedicated Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) format. The wireless sensing frame differs from ordinary data frames; it is the carrier of sensing reference signals. The dedicated physical layer protocol data unit format is a novel frame structure format customized for sensing scenarios in this embodiment of the invention, different from the traditional PPDU format optimized for communication. It is specifically adapted to the design requirements of full-pilot sensing frames, used to standardize the structure of sensing frames and ensure compatibility between the transmitting and receiving ends. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols are the basic building blocks of the sensing frame, serving as the physical carrier of the sensing reference signals. The set proportion of available subcarriers can be understood as all subcarriers except for the guard band and direct current (DC) subcarriers, with a set proportion of at least 90%, and all configured as pilot subcarriers to achieve the full pilot or most pilot design defined in this embodiment of the invention. The sensing reference signal can be understood as a pre-agreed sequence of known reference signals (such as the Zadoff-Chu sequence) with good autocorrelation characteristics, specifically used for sensing, agreed upon by both the transmitting and receiving ends, providing a basis for the receiver to calculate the channel frequency response (CFR). Data communication frames are collections of frame streams carrying regular user data, serving as the transmission carrier for sensing frames, enabling coordinated transmission of sensing frames and ordinary data without affecting regular data services.

[0027] Specifically, when the transmitting end receives the sensing function trigger command, it generates a wireless sensing frame based on a preset period. The generation process of the wireless sensing frame is as follows: based on the dedicated physical layer protocol data unit format, an empty frame carrier containing at least one OFDM symbol is first constructed. Then, a pre-agreed sensing reference signal is loaded onto a set proportion of available subcarriers (at least 90%, all of which are pilot subcarriers except for guard band and DC subcarriers). After encapsulation, a full-pilot wireless sensing frame is generated. In order not to interrupt the regular data transmission, the transmitting end pauses the transmission of ordinary data frames at fixed time intervals in the preset period, inserts the generated wireless sensing frame into the data communication frame, forming a data frame stream containing the sensing frame. The transmitting end sends this data frame stream to the receiving end. After the transmission is completed, the transmission of ordinary data frames is resumed, realizing the time-division coordinated transmission of sensing frames and ordinary data frames, ensuring that the sensing process does not affect regular services.

[0028] S102. Upon receiving a wireless sensing frame, the receiving end generates sensing data based on the wireless sensing frame.

[0029] In this embodiment, the receiver can be understood as a module in the wireless sensing system responsible for receiving sensing frames, processing them, and generating sensing data (such as a Wi-Fi receiver module integrated into the device), and can be integrated with the transmitter in the same device (such as a dual Wi-Fi module device). The sensing data can be understood as high-resolution, full-bandwidth raw channel frequency response (CFR) data (or data after necessary preprocessing) calculated by the receiver based on the wireless sensing frames, providing input for upper-layer sensing application algorithms for tasks such as target detection, localization, and recognition.

[0030] Specifically, the receiver continuously receives data frame streams sent by the transmitter and synchronously detects frame signals. When the prefix of a wireless sensing frame is detected, it enters a sensing preparation state and locks the Automatic Gain Control (AGC) module to a fixed gain to avoid amplitude jumps interfering with channel data. If the transmitter and receiver are integrated into the same device (such as a dual Wi-Fi module device), they share a local oscillator source to eliminate the contamination of phase information by carrier frequency offset (CFO) and sampling clock offset (SCO). After receiving a complete wireless sensing frame, the receiver performs OFDM demodulation. Since the available subcarriers of the sensing frame are all pilot subcarriers carrying known reference signals, the receiver can directly calculate the corresponding subcarrier channel frequency response (CFR) based on the reference signal for each available subcarrier without any interpolation. Finally, the receiver directly generates sensing data based on the CFR data of each subcarrier and outputs this high-resolution, full-bandwidth sensing data to the upper-layer sensing application algorithm.

[0031] This invention provides a wireless sensing method applied to a wireless sensing system, which includes a transmitter and a receiver. The method includes: at the transmitter, triggering a sensing function to generate a wireless sensing frame and transmitting it to the receiver via a data communication frame. The wireless sensing frame is in a dedicated physical layer protocol data unit format, containing at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol. A predetermined proportion of available subcarriers on the OFDM symbol carries a sensing reference signal pre-agreed upon by the transmitter and receiver. At the receiver, upon receiving the wireless sensing frame, sensing data is generated based on the wireless sensing frame. This technical solution proposes a wireless signal frame structure and processing flow designed for sensing, changing the traditional Wi-Fi channel estimation paradigm optimized for communication. It achieves a fundamental shift from utilizing communication byproducts to active, high-precision detection, solving the performance limitations of sensing algorithms. First, at the frame structure level, it breaks through the fixed structure of "sparse pilot + data subcarrier" in traditional OFDM systems and creatively defines a dedicated sensing frame in which all subcarriers are pilots. This allows for the direct acquisition of the full bandwidth and high-resolution frequency response of the entire channel, completely eliminating the smoothing error and information loss caused by traditional sparse pilot interpolation, and providing a high-quality data foundation for high-precision sensing. At the processing level, the receiver adopts a channel estimation method of "direct calculation without interpolation" for the sensing frame. At the same time, it suppresses amplitude jumps from the source by locking AGC, effectively ensuring the purity and high fidelity of the acquired Channel State Information (CSI), further improving the sensing accuracy. At the system integration level, it proposes a mechanism to insert dedicated sensing frames at fixed time intervals into the normal communication data stream, realizing time-division multiplexing of high-precision sensing and normal Wi-Fi communication. This not only completes excellent sensing tasks but also has minimal impact on existing communication services, greatly improving the engineering practicality and deployment feasibility of the solution, and laying a solid foundation for the large-scale application of wireless sensing technology.

[0032] As a first optional embodiment of this example, Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a wireless sensing method for a transmitter provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, after triggering the sensing function, a wireless sensing frame is generated and sent to the receiving end via a data communication frame, including: S1011. At fixed time intervals within a preset period, pause the transmission of ordinary data frames.

[0033] In this embodiment, the preset period can be understood as the pre-set generation and transmission period of the sensing frame at the transmitting end, which can be set according to the sensing accuracy requirements and communication traffic volume. This embodiment does not impose any limitations on this. The fixed time interval can be understood as a specific moment defined within the preset period, used to synchronously trigger the sensing frame transmission process and avoid conflicts between the sensing frame and ordinary data frame transmission. Ordinary data frames can be understood as the standard frame structure that carries regular user service data (such as file transfer, web browsing, video calls, etc.) in a wireless communication system, following the general Wi-Fi protocol format, and are different from the dedicated sensing frames customized in this solution.

[0034] Specifically, in order to achieve time-division multiplexing of sensing and communication, the transmitting end continuously monitors time nodes according to a preset cycle. When a fixed time interval point within the cycle is reached, the sensing function is triggered, the transmission of the current ordinary data frame is paused, and a transmission time window is reserved for the dedicated sensing frame.

[0035] The aforementioned technical features can prevent sensing frames from competing for spectrum resources with ordinary data frames, ensure the stable transmission of subsequent sensing frames, and minimize the impact on conventional communication services, thereby achieving seamless coexistence of sensing and communication.

[0036] S1012. Based on the dedicated physical layer protocol data unit format, construct an empty frame carrier containing at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol.

[0037] In this embodiment, an empty frame carrier can be understood as a blank frame that has only a complete frame structure framework (including OFDM symbols, basic frame header identifiers, etc.) but has not loaded any valid signals (sensing reference signals or user data).

[0038] Specifically, the transmitter constructs wireless sensing frames based on a customized dedicated PPDU format. First, it generates an empty frame carrier containing at least one OFDM symbol, which only builds the structural framework of the frame without filling in any specific content. This empty frame carrier will serve as a container for the subsequent loading of sensing reference signals. Its structural design must match the requirements of the full pilot sensing frame to ensure that the subsequent sensing reference signals can be accurately identified and demodulated by the receiver.

[0039] S1013. Load the pre-agreed sensing reference signal onto the available subcarriers of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol of the empty frame carrier at a predetermined ratio, generate a full-pilot wireless sensing frame and encapsulate it.

[0040] In this embodiment, full pilot refers to the fact that, apart from the guard band subcarriers and DC subcarriers that must be retained according to the protocol, all other available subcarriers in the sensing frame no longer carry user data, but are all configured as pilot subcarriers and loaded with known sensing reference signals. This is different from the "sparse pilot + data subcarrier" mode of the traditional OFDM system and is close to the full carrier pilot configuration.

[0041] Specifically, the transmitter locates the available subcarriers on the OFDM symbol of the constructed empty frame carrier, loads a pre-agreed sensing reference signal on a set proportion (≥90%) of the available subcarriers, making the frame a sensing frame with a full pilot structure; after loading, the frame structure is encapsulated according to the dedicated PPDU format to generate a complete wireless sensing frame that can be transmitted stably.

[0042] S1014. Insert the wireless sensing frame into the data communication frame and send a data frame stream containing the wireless sensing frame to the receiving end.

[0043] In this embodiment, the data communication frame includes ordinary data frames that were not fully transmitted before the transmission was paused, as well as subsequent ordinary data frames to be transmitted, and serves as the transmission carrier for the sensing frame. The data frame stream containing the wireless sensing frame can be understood as a hybrid frame stream formed by embedding the wireless sensing frame into a sequence of regular data communication frames, in order to achieve the coordinated transmission of the sensing frame and the ordinary data frame.

[0044] Specifically, the transmitter inserts the encapsulated full-pilot wireless sensing frame into the sequence of regular data communication frames before the transmission is paused, forming a mixed data frame stream containing the sensing frame. The transmitter then sends this mixed frame stream to the receiver, ensuring that the sensing frame can be transmitted via the regular communication link without occupying additional independent spectrum resources. At the same time, the transmission method of the mixed frame stream allows the receiver to simultaneously capture the sensing frame while receiving regular data, enabling the receiver to generate sensing data.

[0045] S1015, Resume transmission of normal data frames.

[0046] In this embodiment, after the transmission of normal data frames is completed, the transmitting end restarts the suspended normal data frame transmission process and returns to normal communication.

[0047] Specifically, after the transmitting end confirms that the data frame stream containing the sensing frame has been successfully sent, it immediately resumes the transmission of ordinary data frames and continues to transmit the regular data services that were not completed before the suspension through the wireless channel. This achieves time-division multiplexing of high-precision sensing and normal Wi-Fi communication, which not only ensures the smooth completion of the sensing task, but also minimizes the impact on existing communication services, significantly improving the engineering practicality and deployment feasibility of the solution.

[0048] As a second optional embodiment of this example, Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a wireless sensing method for a receiver provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 3 As shown, upon receiving a wireless sensing frame, sensing data is generated based on the wireless sensing frame, including: S1021. Upon receiving a wireless sensing frame, perform orthogonal frequency division multiplexing demodulation on the wireless sensing frame.

[0049] When the receiver detects the prefix of the wireless sensing frame, it locks the automatic gain control module to a fixed gain.

[0050] In this embodiment, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) demodulation is a physical layer processing procedure that converts the received frequency-domain OFDM symbols into time-domain signals and performs operations such as synchronization and carrier compensation. The demodulation object in this embodiment is a dedicated full-pilot sensing frame, not a regular data frame. The prefix of the wireless sensing frame can be understood as a physical layer pre-detection segment, used to enable the receiver to recognize the arrival of the wireless sensing frame in advance, thereby triggering subsequent hardware control and demodulation. The Automatic Gain Control (AGC) module can be understood as a module used to automatically adjust the amplitude of the received signal. Locking it to a fixed gain avoids amplitude jumps during wireless sensing frame demodulation, ensuring the purity of the Channel Frequency Response (CFR).

[0051] Specifically, the receiver continuously monitors the signal stream. When it detects the sensing frame prefix, it immediately locks the AGC module to fixed gain and enters high-precision sensing mode. After receiving the complete wireless sensing frame, the receiver performs OFDM demodulation on the frame. Through frame synchronization, carrier compensation, and other operations, it converts the frequency domain OFDM symbols into a processable time domain signal, laying the foundation for subsequent direct calculation of the channel frequency response (CFR). This ensures that the signal of the wireless sensing frame can be accurately restored, avoiding demodulation errors from affecting subsequent sensing accuracy. AGC locking suppresses amplitude interference at the hardware level, ensuring high fidelity of subsequent data.

[0052] S1022. For each available subcarrier on the wireless sensing frame, determine the corresponding subcarrier channel frequency response based on the sensing reference signal on the available subcarrier.

[0053] In this embodiment, the subcarrier channel frequency response (CFR) can be understood as reflecting the amplitude and phase changes of the signal on each subcarrier, and is the raw data of the sensing target.

[0054] Specifically, because the wireless sensing frame employs a full pilot design, each available subcarrier carries a known sensing reference signal, eliminating the need for interpolation as in traditional sparse pilot schemes. The receiver directly compares and calculates the local reference signal with the received signal for each demodulated available subcarrier to obtain its Channel Frequency Response (CFR). These technical features eliminate smoothing errors and information loss associated with traditional interpolation, ensuring high resolution and high fidelity of the acquired CFR.

[0055] S1023. Generate sensing data directly based on the subcarrier channel frequency response of each available subcarrier.

[0056] After generating the corresponding sensing data, the receiver releases the automatic gain control lock.

[0057] In this embodiment, the receiver integrates the CFR data from all available subcarriers to directly generate high-resolution raw sensing data (raw CSI), which is then output to the upper-layer sensing application algorithm. After generating the sensing data, the receiver exits the high-precision sensing mode, releases the AGC lock, and returns to the normal communication mode for demodulation of ordinary data frames. These technical features output lossless, high-fidelity sensing data, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent high-precision sensing tasks, while simultaneously achieving seamless switching between sensing and communication.

[0058] It is understandable that when the transmitter and receiver are integrated into the same device, they use a shared local oscillator source to operate.

[0059] In this embodiment, the transmitting and receiving hardware modules (such as dual Wi-Fi modules) are integrated into the same terminal device (e.g., mobile phone, smart home device or industrial sensor), and a shared local oscillator is used, that is, the transmitting and receiving ends share the same local oscillator. This oscillator provides a synchronized carrier clock signal for the transmitting and receiving ends, ensuring the synchronization accuracy of the transmitting and receiving signals.

[0060] In scenarios where the transmitter and receiver are integrated into the same device, using a shared local oscillator source can eliminate carrier frequency offset (CFO) and sampling clock offset (SCO) at the hardware level, avoid phase pollution, ensure high-fidelity sensing data, and optimize engineering practicality and deployment feasibility.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the wireless sensing method provided in this invention brings the following significant advantages: Achieving high-resolution channel detection: By using all subcarriers as pilots, this invention achieves extreme frequency domain resolution, enabling the capture of complete details and fine features of the channel frequency response, providing unprecedented data quality for high-precision sensing.

[0062] Eliminating interpolation errors and achieving high fidelity: By directly measuring the channel response of all subcarriers, the smoothing error introduced by traditional interpolation algorithms is completely avoided, resulting in extremely high CSI fidelity, which can more accurately reflect the instantaneous state of the channel.

[0063] Obtaining pure phase information: By combining hardware control methods such as shared local oscillator and locked AGC, this invention can minimize phase pollution caused by communication-oriented automatic control loops, making it possible to detect minute movements such as micro-Doppler frequency shift.

[0064] Providing raw sensing data: This invention provides the most raw and direct channel measurement data for upper-layer sensing algorithms, unleashing the full potential of sensing algorithms.

[0065] Separation of sensing frames and communication frames: Dedicated sensing frames can be transmitted independently of data communication frames, avoiding interference from data traffic on sensing tasks and ensuring the stability and reliability of sensing performance.

[0066] Integrated Sensing and Communication: Existing methods collect CSI data by sending data packets at fixed intervals at the application layer (e.g., using the ping command). When multiple applications transmit large volumes of data simultaneously, resource contention occurs, and the timely and evenly spaced transmission of data packets for the sensing task cannot be guaranteed. This invention inserts and sends sensing frames at fixed time intervals during data communication at the physical layer, ensuring the periodic stability of the sensing frames and thus guaranteeing the stability of the sensing task's sampling rate. This truly achieves integrated communication and sensing.

[0067] In one embodiment, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wireless sensing system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the system includes: a transmitter and a receiver; The transmitter 21 is used to generate a wireless sensing frame after triggering the sensing function and send the wireless sensing frame to the receiver through a data communication frame. The wireless sensing frame is a dedicated physical layer protocol data unit format, which contains at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol. The sensing reference signal agreed upon in advance by the transmitter and the receiver is carried on a set proportion of available subcarriers on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol. The receiver 22 is used to generate sensing data based on the wireless sensing frame when it receives the wireless sensing frame.

[0068] The wireless sensing system used in this technical solution solves the performance limitations of sensing algorithms.

[0069] Optionally, the set ratio is at least 90%; The available subcarriers are configured as pilot subcarriers, which are all subcarriers on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol except for the guard band and DC subcarriers; The sensing reference signal is a known reference signal sequence specifically used for sensing, and the reference signal sequence has autocorrelation characteristics.

[0070] Optionally, the transmitter 21 is specifically used for: At fixed time intervals within a preset period, the transmission of ordinary data frames is paused; Based on the dedicated physical layer protocol data unit format, an empty frame carrier containing at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol is constructed; The available subcarriers on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols of the empty frame carrier are loaded with a pre-agreed sensing reference signal at a predetermined ratio to generate a full-pilot wireless sensing frame and encapsulate it. The wireless sensing frame is inserted into the data communication frame, and a data frame stream containing the wireless sensing frame is sent to the receiving end. Resume sending normal data frames.

[0071] Optionally, the receiver 22 is specifically used for: Upon receiving the wireless sensing frame, the wireless sensing frame is demodulated using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. For each available subcarrier on the wireless sensing frame, the corresponding subcarrier channel frequency response is determined based on the sensing reference signal on the available subcarrier; Sensing data is directly generated based on the subcarrier channel frequency response of each available subcarrier.

[0072] Optionally, the receiver 22 is further configured to: When the prefix of the wireless sensing frame is detected, the automatic gain control module is locked to a fixed gain, and the automatic gain control lock is released after the corresponding sensing data is generated.

[0073] Optionally, when the transmitter and receiver are integrated into the same device, the transmitter and receiver operate using a shared local oscillator source.

[0074] The wireless sensing system provided in this embodiment of the invention can execute the wireless sensing method provided in any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the method.

[0075] In one embodiment, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. For example... Figure 5 The diagram illustrates a schematic representation of an electronic device 10 that can be used to implement embodiments of the present invention. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices (e.g., helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0076] like Figure 5As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12 or a random access memory (RAM) 13, communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11. The memory stores computer programs executable by the at least one processor. The processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on the computer program stored in the ROM 12 or loaded into the RAM 13 from storage unit 18. The RAM 13 can also store various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10. The processor 11, ROM 12, and RAM 13 are interconnected via a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0077] Multiple components in electronic device 10 are connected to I / O interface 15, including: input unit 16, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; storage unit 18, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 19, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 19 allows electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0078] Processor 11 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. Processor 11 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as wireless sensing methods.

[0079] In some embodiments, the wireless sensing method may be implemented as a computer program tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on electronic device 10 via ROM 12 and / or communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 13 and executed by processor 11, one or more steps of the wireless sensing method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, processor 11 may be configured to perform the wireless sensing method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0080] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), payload-programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0081] Computer programs used to implement the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor, the computer programs cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be performed. The computer programs may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, or as a standalone software package, partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0082] In the context of this invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination thereof. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0083] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the electronic device. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0084] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or middleware components (e.g., application servers), or frontend components (e.g., user computers with graphical user interfaces or web browsers through which users can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., communication networks). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the Internet.

[0085] A computing system can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally located far apart and typically interact through communication networks. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a hosting product within the cloud computing service system to address the shortcomings of traditional physical hosts and VPS services, such as high management difficulty and weak business scalability.

[0086] This invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, can implement the wireless sensing method provided in any embodiment of this application.

[0087] In the implementation of the computer program product, computer program code for performing the operations of this application can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof. Programming languages ​​include object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, as well as conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0088] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0089] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A wireless sensing method, characterized in that, Applied to a wireless sensing system, the wireless sensing system including a transmitter and a receiver, the method includes: After the sensing function is triggered by the transmitter, a wireless sensing frame is generated and sent to the receiver via a data communication frame. The wireless sensing frame is a dedicated physical layer protocol data unit format and contains at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol. A sensing reference signal pre-agreed between the transmitter and the receiver is carried on a set proportion of available subcarriers on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol. Upon receiving the wireless sensing frame, the receiving end generates sensing data based on the wireless sensing frame.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The set ratio is at least 90%; The available subcarriers are configured as pilot subcarriers, which are all subcarriers on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol except for the guard band and DC subcarriers; The sensing reference signal is a known reference signal sequence specifically used for sensing, and the reference signal sequence has autocorrelation characteristics.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After triggering the sensing function, a wireless sensing frame is generated and sent to the receiving end via a data communication frame, including: At fixed time intervals within a preset period, the transmission of ordinary data frames is paused; Based on the dedicated physical layer protocol data unit format, an empty frame carrier containing at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol is constructed; The available subcarriers on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols of the empty frame carrier are loaded with a pre-agreed sensing reference signal at a predetermined ratio to generate a full-pilot wireless sensing frame and encapsulate it. The wireless sensing frame is inserted into the data communication frame, and a data frame stream containing the wireless sensing frame is sent to the receiving end. Resume sending normal data frames.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating sensing data based on the wireless sensing frame upon receiving the wireless sensing frame includes: Upon receiving the wireless sensing frame, the wireless sensing frame is demodulated using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. For each available subcarrier on the wireless sensing frame, the corresponding subcarrier channel frequency response is determined based on the sensing reference signal on the available subcarrier; Sensing data is directly generated based on the subcarrier channel frequency response of each available subcarrier.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, Also includes: When the receiver detects the prefix of the wireless sensing frame, it locks the automatic gain control module to a fixed gain, and releases the automatic gain control lock after completing the generation of the corresponding sensing data.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, When the transmitter and receiver are integrated into the same device, the transmitter and receiver operate using a shared local oscillator source.

7. A wireless sensing system, characterized in that, Includes the transmitter and receiver; The transmitting end is used to generate a wireless sensing frame after triggering the sensing function and send the wireless sensing frame to the receiving end through a data communication frame. The wireless sensing frame is a dedicated physical layer protocol data unit format, containing at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol. A sensing reference signal pre-agreed between the transmitting end and the receiving end is carried on a set proportion of available subcarriers on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol. The receiving end is used to generate sensing data based on the wireless sensing frame when it receives the wireless sensing frame.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, The wireless sensing system is integrated, including: At least one processor; and A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, the computer program being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform a wireless sensing method according to any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that cause a processor to execute and implement a wireless sensing method according to any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a wireless sensing method according to any one of claims 1-6.

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