Resistance-adjustable high-altitude wind power generation system

Abstract

The application provides a high-altitude wind power generation system with adjustable resistance, which comprises a buoyancy device, a cable assembly and a ground control device. The buoyancy device has a through-flow channel and an internal resistance adjusting assembly, which comprises a fixed shaft and a plurality of rotatable blocking pieces. The air resistance is adjusted by controlling the flow state of adjacent blocking pieces. The ground control device comprises a generator and a controller. A first cable connects the buoyancy device and the generator to generate electricity. The controller is connected to the resistance adjusting assembly to control the action of the resistance adjusting assembly and change the air resistance. The buoyancy device is displaced under high air flow to drive the generator to generate electricity. The system can quickly respond to changes in wind speed, automatically adjust the operating state, and work efficiently in a wider wind speed range, so it has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-altitude wind power generation technology, and specifically to a high-altitude wind power generation system with adjustable resistance. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, mid-to-high altitude (above 300 meters) wind resources have become a hot spot for wind energy development due to their high wind speed, stable wind direction, and high annual effective utilization hours. Currently, related technologies mostly use rotating impellers and propellers as the main wind-collecting components, capturing wind energy through high-speed rotation. However, the mid-to-high altitude environment is complex, with frequent strong winds and gusts. Rotating components are sensitive to changes in airflow, and are prone to problems such as speed fluctuations and increased vibration, affecting operational stability and even causing safety hazards, thus limiting the large-scale development of mid-to-high altitude wind energy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, embodiments of this invention propose a drag-adjustable high-altitude wind power generation system that can quickly respond to changes in wind speed, automatically adjust its operating status, and operate efficiently over a wider wind speed range, showing broad application prospects.

[0004] The adjustable-resistance high-altitude wind power generation system provided in this application includes a buoyancy device, a cable assembly, and a ground control device. The buoyancy device has a through-flow channel, within which a resistance adjustment assembly is provided. The resistance adjustment assembly includes a fixed shaft and multiple baffles. The fixed shaft extends along the length of the through-flow channel, and the multiple baffles are spaced apart along the length of the fixed shaft. The baffles are rotatable relative to the fixed shaft, thereby adjusting air resistance by controlling the flow state of the open area through the degree of misalignment between adjacent baffles. The ground control device includes a generator and a controller. The cable assembly includes a first cable, one end of which is connected to the buoyancy device, and the other end of which is connected to the generator. The generator is configured to operate under the traction of the first cable to generate electrical energy.

[0005] The controller is communicatively or electrically connected to the drag adjustment component. The controller is used to control the action of the drag adjustment component to change its air resistance to the high-altitude airflow. The buoyancy device is configured to adjust the change in air resistance generated by the drag adjustment component under the action of the high-altitude airflow to achieve displacement relative to the ground, and then pull the generator to generate electricity through the first cable.

[0006] In summary, the adjustable-resistance high-altitude wind power generation system provided in this application can quickly respond to wind speed changes by controlling the angle of the baffles. It can automatically adjust its operating status according to actual conditions to ensure that it is always in the best power generation efficiency. Compared with traditional paddle-type wind turbines, it is more flexible and can work efficiently in a wider wind speed range, providing strong technical support and broad application prospects for the development of high-altitude wind power generation.

[0007] In some embodiments, the resistance adjustment assembly further includes a driver, the fixed shaft includes a rod-shaped body and a transmission sleeve, the transmission sleeve is sleeved on the rod-shaped body, the transmission sleeve is connected to the blocking plates in a one-to-one correspondence, and the transmission sleeve is connected to the output end of the driver, the driver is configured to drive the transmission sleeve to rotate, thereby driving the blocking plates to rotate relative to the rod-shaped body.

[0008] In some embodiments, the rotation angle of the blocking plate ranges from -60° to 60°.

[0009] In some embodiments, the cutout areas of two adjacent blocking plates are arranged in a complementary or staggered manner, and the degree of staggering of the cutout areas of two adjacent blocking plates changes when the blocking plates rotate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the structure of the blocking sheet includes, but is not limited to: a disc-shaped structure, a multi-lobed impeller-shaped structure, a louver-shaped radial structure, a honeycomb structure, or a mesh structure.

[0011] In some embodiments, the blocking sheet includes a sheet-like body and a shielding sheet, the cutout area is formed in the sheet-like body, and the shielding sheet is movable relative to the sheet-like body to cover or expose the cutout area.

[0012] In some embodiments, the resistance adjustment assembly further includes a power source for driving the shielding plate to rotate relative to the sheet-like body.

[0013] In some embodiments, the buoyancy device further includes a spindle-shaped body and auxiliary wings, the through-type flow channel is disposed on the spindle-shaped body, and two auxiliary wings are provided, which are symmetrically disposed on opposite sides of the spindle-shaped body.

[0014] In some embodiments, the auxiliary wing includes an airfoil body and an airflow monitoring component, the airflow monitoring component being arranged in an array on the airfoil body; the airflow monitoring component is configured to monitor high-altitude airflow parameters in the area where the buoyancy device is located, and transmit the high-altitude airflow parameters to the controller; the controller is configured to generate control commands based on the high-altitude airflow parameters to control the drag adjustment component to adjust the airflow state of the cutout area of ​​the baffle plate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the spindle-shaped body comprises, from the outside in, a polymer composite membrane layer, an airtight layer, and a structural support layer. The spindle-shaped body has an inflation cavity filled with low-density floating air gas. The low-density floating air gas includes, but is not limited to, hydrogen and helium. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drag-adjustable high-altitude wind power generation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drag-adjustable high-altitude wind power generation system with the blocking plate in the first position according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drag-adjustable high-altitude wind power generation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the obstruction plate in the second position.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drag-adjustable high-altitude wind power generation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the obstruction plate in the third position.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the baffle plates in a drag-adjustable high-altitude wind power generation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drag-adjustable high-altitude wind power generation system provided in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the motion trajectory of a drag-adjustable high-altitude wind power generation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure label: 11. Buoyancy device; 111. Through-flow channel; 112. Spindle-shaped main body; 113. Auxiliary wing; 1131. Airfoil body; 1132. Airflow monitoring component; 1133. Frame; 1134. Impeller; 1135. Control panel; 12. Cable assembly; 121. First cable; 13. Ground control device; 131. Generator; 132. Controller; 14. Resistance adjustment assembly; 141. Fixed shaft; 1411. Rod-shaped body; 1412. Transmission sleeve; 142. Blocking plate; 143. Radial support arm. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0025] refer to Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides a drag-adjustable high-altitude wind power generation system, which includes a buoyancy device 11, a cable assembly 12, and a ground control device 13. The buoyancy device 11 has a through-flow channel 111, and a drag adjustment assembly 14 is provided in the through-flow channel 111. The drag adjustment assembly 14 includes a fixed shaft 141 and a plurality of baffles 142. The fixed shaft 141 extends along the length direction of the through-flow channel 111, and the plurality of baffles 142 are spaced apart along the length direction of the fixed shaft 141. The baffles 142 are rotatable relative to the fixed shaft 141, so as to adjust the air resistance by controlling the flow state of the hollow area by the degree of misalignment between two adjacent baffles 142. The ground control device 13 includes a generator 131 and a controller 132. The cable assembly 12 includes a first cable 121. One end of the first cable 121 is connected to the buoyancy device 11, and the other end of the first cable 121 is connected to the generator 131. The generator 131 is configured to operate under the traction of the first cable 121 to generate electrical energy.

[0026] The controller 132 is communicatively or electrically connected to the drag adjustment component 14. The controller 132 is used to control the operation of the drag adjustment component 14 to change its air resistance to the high-altitude airflow. The buoyancy device 11 is configured to adjust the change in air resistance generated by the drag adjustment component 14 under the action of the high-altitude airflow to achieve displacement relative to the ground, and then pull the generator 131 to generate electricity through the first cable 121.

[0027] Specifically, the buoyancy device 11 has a through-flow channel 111 inside, which allows airflow to pass directly through the buoyancy device 11, rather than just bypassing its outer side. A drag adjustment assembly 14 is installed within the through-flow channel 111. A fixed shaft 141 in the drag adjustment assembly 14 is arranged through the channel along its length, serving as a rotation axis. Multiple baffles 142 are spaced apart and installed on the fixed shaft 141, and can rotate independently or synchronously relative to the fixed shaft 141. The drag adjustment assembly 14 has at least two adjustment mechanisms: a high-drag mode and a low-drag mode.

[0028] Specifically, when the controller 132 instructs the blocking plates 142 to rotate, causing a significant misalignment or full deployment of adjacent blocking plates 142, the airflow area within the through-flow channel 111 is minimized, and airflow is maximized. At this time, the buoyancy device 11 gains significant thrust under wind force, propelling it rapidly upwards or in the downwind direction. When the buoyancy device 11 needs to descend or retract, the controller 132 adjusts the angle of the blocking plates 142, making them parallel or overlapping to maximize the airflow area of ​​the through-flow channel 111. This reduces air resistance, and the buoyancy device 11 returns to its initial position under gravity or cable traction, facilitating the next power generation cycle.

[0029] The generator 131 can be configured as a coil-type or linear motor. When the first cable 121 is pulled out by the buoyancy device 11, the generator 131 is in power generation mode; when the buoyancy device 11 needs to be reset, the generator 131 can switch to electric mode to provide partial traction force to the buoyancy device 11. Of course, the buoyancy device 11 can also recover gravitational potential energy.

[0030] The controller 132 is the brain of the entire system. It can calculate and send commands to the drag adjustment component 14 in the buoyancy device 11 based on real-time operating conditions (such as wind speed, the height of the buoyancy device 11, and the tension of multiple cables in the cable assembly 12). For example, when a gust of wind comes, the drag is rapidly increased to capture maximum energy; when the wind speed is too low or a storm warning is issued, the drag is reduced to protect the equipment or adjust the attitude.

[0031] The working process of this adjustable-resistance high-altitude wind power generation system can be divided into the following steps: Charging phase: When a stable airflow is detected at high altitude, the controller 132 instructs the baffle plate 142 inside the buoyancy device 11 to move in order to adjust the resistance state of the baffle plate 142 and form a high wind resistance cross section. During the power-operating phase: the high-altitude airflow propels the buoyancy device 11 to rise or move along the wind direction. At this time, the first cable 121 is pulled out at high speed, driving the ground generator 131 to operate and generate electrical energy. Reset phase: When the device reaches the predetermined height or the wind speed decreases, the controller 132 instructs the baffle plate 142 to move, readjusting the resistance state of the baffle plate 142, and reducing the wind resistance to the minimum. Cyclic phase: The buoyancy device 11 resets under its own weight or the action of cable rewinding, ready for the next power generation cycle.

[0032] In summary, the adjustable-resistance high-altitude wind power generation system provided by this invention can quickly respond to changes in wind speed by controlling the angle of the obstruction plate 142. It can automatically adjust its operating status according to the actual situation to ensure that it is always in the best power generation efficiency. Compared with traditional blade wind turbines, it is more flexible and can work efficiently in a wider range of wind speeds, providing strong technical support and broad application prospects for the development of high-altitude wind power generation.

[0033] In some embodiments, the length direction of the first cable 121 is consistent with the extension direction of the through-flow channel 111, so as to ensure that the displacement of the buoyancy device 11 relative to the ground can be accurately transmitted through the first cable 121, so that the ground control device 13 can adjust the control strategy in a timely and accurate manner according to the real-time displacement of the buoyancy device 11, thereby ensuring that the entire system can achieve the best power generation effect under different operating conditions, and improving the reliability and stability of the system.

[0034] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the cable assembly 12 may also include multiple second cables, which are respectively connected to multiple locations on the buoyancy device 11 to adjust the suspension attitude of the buoyancy device 11 and ensure that the extension direction of the through-flow channel 111 is consistent with the direction of the high-altitude airflow. In the complex and ever-changing environment at high altitudes, the direction of the high-altitude airflow is not constant but changes due to various factors. If the suspension attitude of the buoyancy device 11 cannot be adjusted in time, the extension direction of the through-flow channel 111 may deviate from the direction of the high-altitude airflow, causing the airflow to be unable to pass smoothly through the through-flow channel 111, thereby affecting the air resistance adjustment effect and the wind energy capture efficiency of the buoyancy device 11. The multiple second cables can quickly adjust the attitude of the buoyancy device 11 according to the real-time changes in the direction of the high-altitude airflow, ensuring that the extension direction of the through-flow channel 111 always remains highly consistent with the direction of the high-altitude airflow, thereby ensuring that the system can operate efficiently and stably under various operating conditions.

[0035] In some embodiments, the resistance adjustment assembly 14 further includes a driver, the fixed shaft 141 includes a rod-shaped body 1411 and a transmission sleeve 1412, the transmission sleeve 1412 is sleeved on the rod-shaped body 1411, the transmission sleeve 1412 is connected to the blocking plate 142 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the transmission sleeve 1412 is connected to the output end of the driver, the driver is configured to drive the transmission sleeve 1412 to rotate, thereby driving the blocking plate 142 to rotate relative to the rod-shaped body 1411.

[0036] The rod-shaped body 1411 serves as the basic support structure for the fixed shaft 141, possessing sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand various loads generated during operation and ensure the stability of the entire structure. The transmission sleeve 1412 is fitted onto the rod-shaped body 1411, ensuring that the transmission sleeve 1412 can rotate freely relative to the rod-shaped body 1411 while avoiding swaying and instability caused by excessive clearance.

[0037] The transmission sleeve 1412 and the blocking plate 142 are connected in a one-to-one manner, ensuring that each blocking plate 142 can work independently under the drive of the transmission sleeve 1412. During actual operation, the driver precisely outputs power according to system control commands, driving the transmission sleeve 1412 to rotate in a predetermined direction and angle. Since the transmission sleeve 1412 is connected to the blocking plate 142, when the transmission sleeve 1412 rotates, it synchronously drives the blocking plate 142 to rotate relative to the rod-shaped body 1411. By controlling the output parameters of the driver, such as speed and direction of rotation, precise control of the rotation angle and speed of the blocking plate 142 can be achieved. Furthermore, based on the actual conditions of the high-altitude airflow, the degree of obstruction of the airflow by the blocking plate 142 can be flexibly adjusted, achieving precise adjustment of system resistance and improving the power generation efficiency and stability of the system under different operating conditions.

[0038] Furthermore, the resistance adjustment assembly 14 may also include a main drive shaft, which can achieve synchronous or differential transmission with the transmission sleeve 1412 through a transmission mechanism, providing the blocking plate 142 with multi-degree-of-freedom relative motion capability. The transmission mechanism may include a spline, planetary gear, or magnetic coupling structure.

[0039] In this embodiment, the rod-shaped body 1411 is configured as a hollow tubular structure, which can reduce the overall weight, facilitate lift-up and levitation, improve the stability and anti-interference ability of the system in complex airflow environments, and ensure that the system can operate continuously and stably.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the resistance adjustment assembly 14 further includes a plurality of radial support arms 143, one end of which is connected to the fixed shaft 141, and the other end of which is connected to the internal rib of the buoyancy device 11 to form a stable fixed structure.

[0041] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drag-adjustable high-altitude wind power generation system with the blocking plate in the first position according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drag-adjustable high-altitude wind power generation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the obstruction plate in the second position. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the obstruction plate in the third position of an embodiment of the adjustable-resistance high-altitude wind power generation system provided by the present invention. At this position, the first, second, and third positions correspond to different rotation angles of the obstruction plate, resulting in different airflow channel areas and thus adjusting air resistance. The rotation angle range of the obstruction plate 142 is -60 degrees to 60 degrees, for example, -60°, -30°, 30°, 60°, etc. Specifically, considering the characteristics of high-altitude airflow, the direction and speed of high-altitude airflow change at different altitudes and time periods. When the airflow direction deflects at a large angle, a larger rotation angle range allows the obstruction plate 142 to better adapt to airflow changes, adjusting its own angle to change the obstruction area and direction of the airflow, thereby effectively adjusting the system resistance.

[0042] For example, during the charging phase, when the airflow impacts the system at a high speed, the baffle plate 142 can rotate to its maximum angle (60° or -60°) to maximally alter the airflow path, increase system resistance, and ensure stable operation of the system under high wind speeds. Of course, in some embodiments, when the airflow has a high speed, the baffle plate 142 can also be rotated to an intermediate region such as -30° or 30° to avoid excessive airflow affecting the stability of the overall structure. It is conceivable that in some embodiments of the present invention, the rotation angle of the baffle plate 142 can be set to -30° to 30°.

[0043] When the high-altitude airflow enters the through-flow channel 111, each of the baffles 142 will rotate toward the fixed axis 141 to change the equivalent resistance distribution in the through-flow channel 111, so that the buoyancy device 11 can generate controllable back-and-forth reciprocating operation or periodic displacement relative to the ground.

[0044] Furthermore, it should be noted that the baffle plate 142 can divide the entire through-flow channel 111 into multiple functional sections along the axial direction of the fixed shaft 141, and each functional section contains at least one baffle plate 142. The baffle plates 142 of different functional sections may differ in structural form, perforation ratio, or adjustment method, as long as they can achieve a gradient resistance distribution in the airflow direction of the through-flow channel 111.

[0045] The control process for the gradient resistance distribution formed by multiple functional sections is as follows: When the wind speed, wind direction, or traction state of the high-altitude airflow changes, the controller 132 can issue differentiated adjustment commands to the blocking plates 142 in multiple functional sections based on the position and speed of the buoyancy device 11 and the tension data of the cable. For example, the blocking plate located at the front of the windward side will preferentially adjust its blocking angle or opening to generate greater resistance and energy dissipation in the initial stage of the airflow entering the through-flow channel 111; the functional area in the middle can maintain a medium resistance state according to the current traction requirements to stabilize the airflow structure; the functional section at the tail will avoid airflow stagnation and backflow by reducing resistance or rotating the blocking plates 142 in a staggered manner.

[0046] This application achieves a gradient resistance distribution within the through-flow channel 111, resulting in a directional bias in the dynamic pressure change of the airflow within the through-flow channel 111. This creates a controllable axial aerodynamic component on the buoyancy device 11 as a whole, causing the device to generate a controlled propulsion or return tendency in the cable direction.

[0047] Furthermore, in some embodiments, multiple baffles 142 arranged within the same axial section can work collaboratively through synchronous or reverse adjustment. When it is necessary to rapidly increase drag to increase traction, each baffle 142 within the section synchronously increases its effective windward area or decreases its perforation ratio, causing the airflow channel to contract as a whole and instantly increasing the drag coefficient of the section. When it is necessary to induce airflow rotation or construct lateral moment, adjacent baffles 142 are adjusted in opposite directions or out of phase, causing the airflow to generate a significant rotation, deflection, or pulsating flow field when passing through the section. This asymmetric airflow distribution not only enhances the sensitivity of drag adjustment but also creates a controllable local pressure difference within the float, providing an aerodynamic basis for subsequent attitude stabilization or torsional suppression.

[0048] In some embodiments, the resistance adjustment assembly 14 further includes an energy recovery unit configured to recover the mechanical motion of the transmission sleeve 1412 and the blocking plate 142 and convert it into electrical energy, thereby providing electrical energy for the operation of the driver, realizing a local self-sufficiency system, reducing the system's dependence on external power sources, and lowering the system's operating costs.

[0049] In some embodiments, the cutout areas of two adjacent blocking plates 142 are arranged in a complementary or staggered manner. When the blocking plate 142 rotates, the degree of staggering of the cutout areas of two adjacent blocking plates 142 changes. Complementary arrangement means that the cutout areas of two adjacent blocking plates 142 complement each other in shape and position. For example, if the cutout area of ​​one blocking plate 142 is a regular rectangle and located in the upper half of the blocking plate 142, then the cutout area of ​​the adjacent blocking plate 142 may be the same rectangle, but in the lower half; together, they can form a relatively complete blocking area. Staggered arrangement means that the cutout areas of two adjacent blocking plates 142 have a certain offset in the circumferential direction of the fixed axis 141, and are not in a completely aligned position.

[0050] Specifically, when the baffle plate 142 rotates under the control of the driver, the degree of misalignment of the hollowed-out areas of two adjacent baffle plates 142 changes significantly. Taking a complementary arrangement as an example, in the initial state, the hollowed-out areas of the two baffle plates 142 may be exactly complementary, forming a large vent, allowing airflow to pass through relatively smoothly, at which point the system's resistance to airflow is small. As the baffle plate 142 rotates, the complementary relationship of the hollowed-out areas is gradually broken, the degree of misalignment increases, the area of ​​the vent gradually decreases, the obstruction effect on the airflow increases, and the system's resistance also increases accordingly.

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the structure of the blocking plate 142 includes, but is not limited to: a disc structure, a multi-lobed impeller structure, a louvered radial structure, a honeycomb structure, or a mesh structure.

[0052] When the baffle plate 142 adopts a disc-shaped structure, it is a thin, circular disc with a smooth surface, reducing frictional losses between the airflow and the baffle plate 142. When the baffle plate 142 adopts a multi-bladed impeller 1134 structure, it consists of multiple blades arranged radially around a central axis, resembling an impeller 1134. This structure allows for flexible adjustment of the airflow blocking effect based on the blade angle and number. When the blade angle is large, the baffle plate 142 exerts greater resistance to the airflow, effectively reducing the airflow throughput; conversely, when the blade angle is small, the resistance decreases, and the airflow throughput increases. The multi-bladed impeller 1134 structure has significant advantages in applications requiring a wide range of airflow resistance adjustment, such as large-scale wind power systems, where the blade angle can be adjusted in real time according to different wind speed conditions to optimize power generation efficiency.

[0053] When the baffle 142 adopts a louvered radial structure, similar to the design of a louver, its blades are arranged radially. This structure can adjust the size of the airflow channel by changing the opening angle of the blades. When the blades are fully open, the airflow can pass smoothly with low resistance; when the blades gradually close, the airflow channel narrows and the resistance increases. The louvered radial structure has good airflow guidance, enabling it to guide airflow in a specific direction.

[0054] When the baffle plate 142 adopts a honeycomb structure, it is composed of multiple hexagonal unit structures, forming a honeycomb-like appearance. This structure has high structural strength and stability, and can withstand greater airflow impact. At the same time, the porous channels inside the honeycomb structure can increase the contact area between the airflow and the baffle plate 142, making the airflow more evenly dispersed during passage, thereby achieving fine adjustment of airflow resistance.

[0055] When the baffle plate 142 adopts a grid structure, the grid-like baffle plate 142 is composed of crisscrossing rods forming a grid shape. Its structure is simple, its manufacturing cost is low, and it possesses a certain degree of flexibility. The grid structure can adjust the resistance to airflow according to the thickness and spacing of the rods. Thicker rods and smaller spacing increase the difficulty of airflow passage and increase resistance; conversely, thinner rods and larger spacing reduce resistance.

[0056] In some embodiments, the blocking plate 142 includes a sheet-like body and a shielding plate, with perforated areas formed in the sheet-like body. The shielding plate is movable relative to the sheet-like body to cover or expose the perforated areas. The sheet-like body has one or more perforated areas, the shape and size of which are not arbitrarily set but are determined through detailed fluid dynamics analysis and actual working condition simulation to achieve optimal airflow regulation. For example, the perforated areas can be circular or oriented in any direction. The shielding plate has the same number and shape as the perforated areas and can completely cover the perforated areas of the sheet-like body.

[0057] When it is necessary to block or regulate airflow, the movement of the shielding plate is controlled to gradually cover the perforated area on the plate-shaped body. As the coverage area of ​​the shielding plate increases, the channel for airflow through the perforated area narrows, resistance increases, and thus the airflow volume decreases. Conversely, when it is necessary to increase the airflow volume, the shielding plate is controlled to move in the opposite direction, gradually exposing the perforated area, widening the airflow channel, reducing resistance, and allowing the airflow to pass through more smoothly.

[0058] Furthermore, the resistance adjustment component 14 also includes a power source, which is used to drive the shielding plate to rotate relative to the plate-shaped body. The power source can be a motor, a pneumatic pump, or other components.

[0059] In this embodiment, the blocking plate 142 can be made of lightweight, high-strength materials, such as carbon fiber reinforced composite material, glass fiber reinforced composite material, or lightweight aluminum alloy. A wear-resistant bearing or flexible hinge structure can be provided between the transmission sleeve 1412 and the fixed shaft 141 to adapt to long-term high-altitude operation environment.

[0060] In some embodiments, the buoyancy device 11 further includes a spindle-shaped body 112 and auxiliary wings 113. A through-flow channel 111 is disposed in the spindle-shaped body 112, and two auxiliary wings 113 are provided, symmetrically disposed on opposite sides of the spindle-shaped body 112. The spindle-shaped body 112 has a streamlined appearance, and its shape can minimize the drag encountered during movement, allowing the buoyancy device 11 to move more smoothly at high altitudes and reducing energy loss. The through-flow channel 111 is disposed inside the spindle-shaped body 112, extending from one end of the spindle-shaped body 112 to the other end, forming a continuous channel.

[0061] Alternatively, the spindle-shaped body 112 can be configured as an ellipsoid, a cylinder, or a gradually streamlined shape.

[0062] Furthermore, the auxiliary wing 113 and the shuttle-shaped body 112 can be connected by an integrated molding method, or they can be connected to the skeleton of the shuttle-shaped body 112 by a mechanically detachable structure.

[0063] In some embodiments, the auxiliary wing 113 includes an airfoil body 1131 and an airflow monitoring component 1132. The airflow monitoring component 1132 is arranged in an array on the airfoil body 1131. The airflow monitoring component 1132 is configured to monitor the high-altitude airflow parameters in the area where the buoyancy device 11 is located and transmit the high-altitude airflow parameters to the controller 132. The controller 132 is configured to generate control commands based on the high-altitude airflow parameters to control the drag adjustment component 14 to adjust the airflow state in the hollowed-out area of ​​the baffle plate 142.

[0064] Specifically, the airfoil body 1131 can generate a suitable lift and drag distribution when airflow passes over it, thereby providing a stable auxiliary effect for the buoyancy device 11. The airflow monitoring components 1132 are arranged in an array on the surface of the airfoil body 1131, which can comprehensively and accurately obtain the high-altitude airflow parameters in the area where the buoyancy device 11 is located, including key information such as airflow speed, airflow direction, and airflow pressure.

[0065] After receiving the high-altitude airflow parameters from the airflow monitoring component 1132, the controller 132 accurately identifies the impact of the current airflow environment on the buoyancy device 11 by predicting and judging the changing areas of the airflow parameters, and generates corresponding control commands accordingly. These control commands are transmitted to the resistance adjustment component 14. Upon receiving the commands, the resistance adjustment component 14 adjusts the flow state of the hollow area of ​​the baffle plate 142. For example, when the airflow speed is detected to be too fast, the controller 132 instructs the resistance adjustment component 14 to reduce the flow area of ​​the hollow area, increasing the resistance when the airflow passes through, thereby reducing the rising speed of the buoyancy device 11 and ensuring its safe and stable operation; conversely, when the airflow speed is slow, the controller 132 instructs the resistance adjustment component 14 to increase the flow area of ​​the hollow area, reducing the airflow resistance and improving the operating efficiency of the buoyancy device 11.

[0066] In this embodiment, the airflow monitoring component 1132 includes a frame 1133 and an impeller 1134. The frame 1133 is mounted on the airfoil body 1131, and the impeller 1134 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1133. The impeller 1134 is used to monitor the parameters of the high-altitude airflow, and then adjust the degree of misalignment or phase of the baffle 142 according to the parameters. When the high-altitude airflow passes through the impeller 1134, the impeller 1134 will rotate due to the impact of the airflow. The rotation state of the impeller 1134 is closely related to the parameters of the high-altitude airflow, such as the airflow speed and direction. By accurately measuring and analyzing parameters such as the rotation frequency and rotation angle of the impeller 1134, detailed information about the high-altitude airflow can be obtained.

[0067] The frame 1133 is vertically mounted on the airfoil body 1131, and the blades on the impeller 1134 can be cup-shaped blades, curved airfoil blades, or semi-cylindrical structures. The airflow monitoring component 1132 can be installed above or at the edge of the airfoil body 1131, with a certain lateral or longitudinal offset distance relative to the center of mass of the buoyancy device 11. When the direction of the high-altitude airflow changes, the dynamic pressure on the windward impeller 1134 increases, while the leeward blades are in the obstructed area and experience reduced force, causing the airflow monitoring component 1132 to produce stable rotation or speed change related to the wind direction.

[0068] Furthermore, the impeller 1134 also includes a shaft, and the airflow monitoring component 1132 also includes a damper mounted on the shaft. The damper is used to adjust the rotational resistance of the shaft. The damper, installed on the shaft, can adjust the rotational resistance of the shaft according to actual needs. When the upper-level airflow is strong, the damper can increase the rotational resistance of the shaft, preventing the impeller 1134 from rotating too fast due to airflow impact, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring data. Conversely, when the upper-level airflow is weak, the damper reduces the rotational resistance of the shaft, enabling the impeller 1134 to respond more sensitively to changes in airflow and acquire airflow parameter information in a timely manner.

[0069] Specifically, when the impeller 1134 is freely rotating and the damper is engaged, the impeller 1134 will be subjected to an aerodynamic drag torque related to the direction of the high-altitude airflow. This drag does not act on the center of the buoyancy device 11, but on the outside or above the airfoil body 1131, thereby introducing a yaw moment or roll moment into the buoyancy device 11.

[0070] Taking yaw stability as an example: when the welfare device yaws, the drag of the impeller 1134 on the windward side increases. This drag acts on the buoyancy device 11 through the airfoil body 1131, and then forms a restoring torque under the constraint of the cable assembly 12, which pulls the entire device back to the windward direction. This is the aerodynamic wind vane effect + passive rudder effect, which can automatically align with the main wind direction; suppress the left and right swaying caused by high-altitude winds; and reduce the torsion and yaw amplitude of the floating body.

[0071] The buoyancy device 11 has multiple modes for attitude adjustment, such as passive stabilization mode, semi-active adjustment mode, and active cooperative control mode. In passive stabilization mode, the impeller 1134 rotates freely with fixed damping, utilizing natural wind to generate the stabilizing restoring force required for the entire device's rotation. In semi-active adjustment mode, the magnitude and direction of aerodynamic force are adjusted by regulating the drag of the damper, thus achieving fine-tuning of attitude without altering the structure of the auxiliary wing 113, reducing the complexity and energy consumption of the control system.

[0072] The active coordinated control mode refers to using the airflow parameters collected by the airflow monitoring component 1132 as a signal input to control the degree of misalignment of the hollow area on the blocking plate 142, thereby achieving coordinated regulation of external attitude stability and internal resistance driving direction; realizing the unification of attitude stability and reciprocating traction motion; and improving the periodic stability and power generation efficiency of the rope motion.

[0073] In some embodiments, the spindle-shaped body 112 includes, from the outside to the inside, a polymer composite membrane layer, an airtight layer and a structural support layer. The spindle-shaped body 112 is provided with an inflation cavity, which is filled with low-density floating air gas. The low-density floating air gas includes, but is not limited to, hydrogen and helium.

[0074] Specifically, the polymer composite membrane layer of the shuttle-shaped body 112 can be made of high-strength, UV-resistant, and low-temperature-resistant materials such as aramid fiber-reinforced polymers and ETFE-coated fabrics. The airtight layer effectively prevents gas leakage within the inflation chamber and has extremely low gas permeability. The structural support layer can be made of high-strength, lightweight materials, such as carbon fiber composites or aluminum alloys.

[0075] like Figure 6As shown, in some embodiments, the auxiliary wing 113 further includes a control plate 1135, which is disposed on the airfoil body 1131 and is movable relative to the airfoil body 1131. The lift and drag distribution can be adjusted by changing the deflection angle of the control plate 1135. For example, when the control plate 1135 deflects upwards at a certain angle, it changes the airflow velocity and pressure distribution on the upper surface of the auxiliary wing 113. According to Bernoulli's principle, an increase in airflow velocity leads to a decrease in pressure, thereby reducing the pressure on the upper surface of the auxiliary wing 113 and relatively increasing the pressure on the lower surface, generating an additional upward lift. Simultaneously, the deflection of the control plate 1135 also changes the airflow separation point at the trailing edge of the auxiliary wing 113, affecting the turbulence intensity in the wake region, and thus having a certain impact on drag.

[0076] refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the motion trajectory of a drag-adjustable high-altitude wind power generation system according to an embodiment of this application at high altitude. During operation, when high-altitude airflow enters the hollow cavity, the airflow acts on the surface of the baffle plate, causing the buoyancy device to move. By controlling the auxiliary wing, the buoyancy device moves as a whole in a figure-eight shape, thereby causing the first cable to extend and retract. This allows the first cable to drive the generator, completing the conversion of wind energy into mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0077] It should be noted that, in the process of wind energy capture and energy conversion, the drag-adjustable high-altitude wind power generation system provided in this application can adopt one or more combinations of vertical reciprocating trajectory, circular trajectory, elliptical trajectory, double suture trajectory, horizontal straight reciprocating trajectory, and arc trajectory, in addition to the figure-eight flight trajectory. The vertical reciprocating trajectory involves the aircraft moving up and down vertically, with simple control logic and convenient control; the circular and elliptical trajectories enable continuous wind-cutting flight and have high wind energy capture efficiency; the double suture trajectory, as an optimized form of the figure-eight trajectory, provides stable thrust output; and the horizontal straight reciprocating trajectory and arc trajectory have simple structures and are easy to implement.

[0078] During operation, the adjustable-resistance high-altitude wind power generation system provided in this application generates an aerodynamic torque when high-altitude horizontal wind enters the hollow cavity, acting on the surface of the baffle plate 142. This causes the baffle plate 142 to rotate, thereby dynamically changing the effective resistance of the airflow as it passes through the cavity. By differentially adjusting the rotation angle of the baffle plate 142 at different axial positions, an asymmetric resistance distribution can be formed inside the cavity, thereby generating a resultant force change along the direction of the mooring cable on the buoyancy device as a whole.

[0079] The adjustable resistance high-altitude wind power generation system provided in this application can include the following various adjustment schemes for the obstruction plate 142 during operation: Option 1: Wind speed level-based barrier 142 transparency adjustment scheme (steady-state wind condition adjustment).

[0080] Applicable working conditions: When the high-altitude wind speed is relatively stable and the rate of change of wind speed is less than a set threshold (e.g., the wind speed change is less than 10% per unit time).

[0081] Adjustment objective: While ensuring the stability of the buoyancy device's attitude, the axial aerodynamic force difference is maximized to increase the amplitude of the buoyancy device's reciprocating motion, thereby improving the ground power generation capacity.

[0082] Adjustment method: Under low wind speed conditions: The baffle plate 142 is adjusted to a low-permeability state, meaning that the hollow area of ​​the baffle plate 142 is partially closed or rotated to a position with a larger windward angle, causing the airflow to encounter greater resistance when passing through the hollow cavity. The purpose is to increase airflow loss, improve the drag coefficient, and ensure that sufficient axial thrust can still be generated under low wind speed conditions.

[0083] Under moderate wind speed conditions: The baffle plate 142 is adjusted to a medium transparency state, the hollowed-out area is in a semi-open state, and the angular distribution of each baffle plate 142 varies in a gradient. This forms a relatively smooth drag distribution, which ensures high energy capture efficiency while avoiding structural vibration caused by abrupt aerodynamic changes.

[0084] Under high wind speed conditions: The baffle plate 142 is adjusted to a high-transparency state, with the hollowed-out area fully opened, reducing the windward angle of the baffle plate 142. This lowers the overall drag peak, prevents overload of the buoyancy device, and improves system safety and lifespan.

[0085] in accordance with: Aerodynamic drag is proportional to the square of the wind speed. By adjusting the permeability to control the equivalent drag coefficient, a suitable aerodynamic output can be maintained in different wind speed ranges.

[0086] Option 2: Differentiated adjustment scheme for the blocking plate 142 based on wind direction deviation (directional force control).

[0087] Applicable working conditions: When the actual wind direction deviates from the axial direction of the buoyancy device at an angle, and the angle is greater than a set threshold (e.g., greater than 10°).

[0088] Adjustment objective: Correcting the direction of the aerodynamic resultant force ensures that the buoyancy device continues to generate effective reciprocating motion along the direction of the mooring cable, thus suppressing lateral swaying.

[0089] Adjustment method: The blocking plate 142 located on the side of the wind direction shift is adjusted to a low transparency state; the blocking plate 142 located on the leeward side is adjusted to a high transparency state; the blocking plates 142 in different sections of the axis have a gradually changing rotation angle.

[0090] Effect: An asymmetric resistance distribution is formed inside the cavity, causing the resultant aerodynamic force to deflect towards the mooring cable, thereby generating an "aerodynamic correction torque" on the buoyancy device.

[0091] in accordance with: Asymmetric drag generates a corrective torque on the structure, which can be used for attitude control, similar to the aerodynamic trim of an aircraft.

[0092] Option 3: Periodic switching scheme of blocking plate 142 based on reciprocating motion phase (power generation enhancement).

[0093] Applicable working conditions When the buoyancy device has entered a stable reciprocating motion cycle, and the motion frequency is within the designed operating range.

[0094] Adjustment objective: It enhances the driving force in one direction of motion while reducing the resistance in the opposite direction, thereby increasing the net output power in a single cycle.

[0095] Adjustment method: During the forward movement of the buoyancy device (in the direction of cable tension): the blocking plate 142 is adjusted to a low-permeability state to enhance the positive aerodynamic force and increase the cable tension.

[0096] During the return phase of the buoyancy device (cable release direction): the blocking plate 142 is adjusted to a high-permeability state to reduce reverse aerodynamic drag and minimize return resistance.

[0097] Effect: This creates a "pneumatic ratchet" effect, making the effective output power in one cycle greater than the reverse loss.

[0098] in accordance with: This strategy is equivalent to adjusting the phase relationship between aerodynamic work and drag loss, and essentially improves the system's cycle efficiency.

[0099] Option 4: Rapid load relief adjustment scheme based on sudden changes in wind speed (safety protection).

[0100] Applicable working conditions: When a sudden and significant change in wind speed is detected within a short period of time (such as gusts or turbulence), exceeding the safety threshold.

[0101] Adjustment objective: Rapidly reduce peak aerodynamic forces to prevent overload or instability of the buoyancy device structure.

[0102] Adjustment method: All the blocking plates 142 are synchronously adjusted to the maximum permeability state and their rotation rate is limited to form a "pneumatic unloading channel".

[0103] Effect: As airflow passes rapidly through the hollow cavity, the system's equivalent drag decreases significantly, and the peak aerodynamic force is reduced.

[0104] in accordance with: A sharp drop in the equivalent drag coefficient can effectively suppress the sudden increase in aerodynamic force caused by the square term of wind speed.

[0105] Option 5: Damping adjustment scheme for the 142 blocking plate based on vibration and sway monitoring (stability control).

[0106] Applicable working conditions: When the buoyancy device exhibits lateral swaying, torsional vibration, or increased irregular vibration.

[0107] Adjustment objective: Introducing aerodynamic damping suppresses structural vibration and improves system operational stability.

[0108] Adjustment method: The blocking plate 142 in the leading edge region of the vibration phase is set to a medium-low transparency state; the blocking plate 142 in the trailing edge region of the vibration phase is set to a medium-high transparency state; the rotation angle of the blocking plate 142 is adjusted slightly and periodically with the vibration phase.

[0109] Effect: It generates aerodynamic forces that are opposite to the direction of structural vibration velocity, thus acting as an equivalent aerodynamic damper.

[0110] in accordance with: The principle of aerodynamic damping is widely used in bridge and wind-induced vibration control, and has a clear engineering basis.

[0111] Option 6: Adaptive adjustment scheme for the barrier plate 142 based on height change (air density compensation).

[0112] Applicable working conditions: When a buoyancy device operates at different altitudes, the air density changes significantly.

[0113] Adjustment objective: It compensates for the impact of changes in air density on aerodynamic forces and maintains stable output.

[0114] Adjustment method: Under low air density (high altitude) conditions, the transmittance of the barrier 142 decreases; under high air density (low altitude) conditions, the transmittance of the barrier 142 increases.

[0115] in accordance with: Aerodynamic force is directly proportional to air density, and equivalent aerodynamic force compensation can be achieved by adjusting the permeability.

[0116] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0117] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0118] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0119] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0120] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0121] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-altitude wind power generation system with adjustable drag, characterized in that, The device includes a buoyancy device, a cable assembly, and a ground control device. The buoyancy device has a through-flow channel, within which a resistance adjustment assembly is provided. The resistance adjustment assembly includes a fixed shaft and multiple baffles. The fixed shaft extends along the length of the through-flow channel, and the multiple baffles are spaced apart along the length of the fixed shaft. The baffles are rotatable relative to the fixed shaft to adjust air resistance by controlling the flow state of the perforated area through the degree of misalignment between adjacent baffles. The ground control device includes a generator and a controller. The cable assembly includes a first cable, one end of which is connected to the buoyancy device, and the other end of which is connected to the generator. The generator is configured to operate under the traction of the first cable to generate electrical energy. The controller is communicatively or electrically connected to the drag adjustment component. The controller is used to control the action of the drag adjustment component to change its air resistance to the high-altitude airflow. The buoyancy device is configured to adjust the change in air resistance generated by the drag adjustment component under the action of the high-altitude airflow to achieve displacement relative to the ground, and then pull the generator to generate electricity through the first cable.

2. The adjustable-resistance high-altitude wind power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resistance adjustment assembly further includes a driver. The fixed shaft includes a rod-shaped body and a transmission sleeve. The transmission sleeve is sleeved on the rod-shaped body. The transmission sleeve is connected to the blocking plates one-to-one and is connected to the output end of the driver. The driver is configured to drive the transmission sleeve to rotate, thereby driving the blocking plates to rotate relative to the rod-shaped body.

3. The adjustable-resistance high-altitude wind power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotation angle range of the blocking plate is -60° to 60°.

4. The adjustable-resistance high-altitude wind power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow areas of two adjacent blocking plates are arranged in a complementary or staggered manner. When the blocking plates rotate, the degree of misalignment of the hollow areas of two adjacent blocking plates changes.

5. The adjustable-resistance high-altitude wind power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structural forms of the blocking sheet include, but are not limited to: disc structure, multi-lobed impeller structure, louvered radial structure, honeycomb structure or grid structure.

6. The adjustable-resistance high-altitude wind power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blocking sheet includes a sheet-like body and a shielding sheet. The cutout area is formed in the sheet-like body, and the shielding sheet is movable relative to the sheet-like body to cover or expose the cutout area.

7. The adjustable-resistance high-altitude wind power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The resistance adjustment component also includes a power source for driving the shielding plate to rotate relative to the sheet-like body.

8. The adjustable-resistance high-altitude wind power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buoyancy device also includes a spindle-shaped main body and auxiliary wings. The through-type flow channel is provided in the spindle-shaped main body, and there are two auxiliary wings, which are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the spindle-shaped main body.

9. The adjustable-resistance high-altitude wind power generation system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The auxiliary wing includes an airfoil body and an airflow monitoring component, the airflow monitoring component being arranged in an array on the airfoil body; the airflow monitoring component is configured to monitor the high-altitude airflow parameters in the area where the buoyancy device is located, and transmit the high-altitude airflow parameters to the controller; the controller is configured to generate control commands based on the high-altitude airflow parameters, and control the drag adjustment component to adjust the airflow state of the hollow area of ​​the baffle plate.

10. The adjustable-resistance high-altitude wind power generation system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The spindle-shaped body comprises, from the outside in, a polymer composite membrane layer, an airtight layer, and a structural support layer. The spindle-shaped body has an inflation cavity filled with low-density floating air gas. The low-density floating air gas includes, but is not limited to, hydrogen and helium.

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