Water-soluble fertilizer production tail gas dust removal device and dust removal method

Abstract

This invention discloses a dust removal device and method for tail gas from water-soluble fertilizer production, relating to the field of tail gas dust removal technology. The device and method include a dust removal cylinder with a tangential air inlet pipe on one side, causing the tail gas to enter the cylinder and move in a spiral motion. Dust particles within the tail gas undergo initial settling due to gravity and centrifugal force. This invention utilizes a moving mechanism and an air jet assembly to unfold and enclose coarse and fine filter plates into a sealed cylinder. Each coarse and fine filter plate forms a narrow channel with the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder. Pulsed airflow thoroughly cleans the coarse and fine filter plates, and the stripped dust falls into the narrow channel, effectively suppressing large-scale dust dispersion and diffusion, reducing airflow disturbance, minimizing dust dispersion space, accelerating agglomeration and settling, and preventing secondary adsorption caused by dust re-entrainment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of exhaust gas dust removal technology, specifically to an exhaust gas dust removal device and method for water-soluble fertilizer production. Background Technology

[0002] The exhaust gas from water-soluble fertilizer production contains a large amount of incompletely granulated fertilizer powder. In existing technologies, high-concentration dust often requires the use of combined devices for multi-stage filtration to meet strict environmental standards. Gradient separation from coarse to fine particles allows large particles to be intercepted in the front stage, while the rear stage only processes fine particles, reducing the frequency of dust removal and extending service life.

[0003] However, cleaning the combined unit is often quite troublesome. For the high concentration of fine powder in the exhaust gas from water-soluble fertilizer production, pulse cleaning can quickly remove the dust layer accumulated on the filter plate surface, but the dust layer will be quickly stripped off and diffuse inside the dust collector, requiring an extended cleaning time to wait for the flying dust to settle to the bottom of the dust collector, in order to avoid secondary adsorption of flying dust during the next filtration, making it difficult to achieve effective cleaning. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a dust removal device and method for exhaust gas from water-soluble fertilizer production, which solves the problem of secondary dust adsorption.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dust removal device for tail gas from water-soluble fertilizer production, comprising: The dust collector has an air inlet pipe tangentially provided on one side, so that the exhaust gas moves in a spiral motion after entering the dust collector, and the dust in the exhaust gas is initially settled by gravity and centrifugal force. The coarse filter cartridge is located inside the dust collector and is formed by multiple coarse filter plates sealed together. The fine filter cartridge is located inside the coarse filter cartridge and is formed by multiple fine filter plates sealed together. A dust collection hopper is provided below the dust collector cartridge. Sliding shafts are fixed at the upper ends of both the coarse and fine filter plates. The moving mechanism is located above the dust collector. The moving mechanism can drive the sliding shaft to approach the inner wall of the dust collector, so that the coarse filter plate and the fine filter plate can unfold and form a sealed cylinder. Each coarse filter plate and the fine filter plate can form a narrow channel with the inner wall of the dust collector. The jet assembly, located above the dust collector, uses instantaneous high-pressure pulsed airflow to clean the sealed cylinder. The narrow channel reduces the dust dispersion space, thereby accelerating agglomeration and settling.

[0006] Furthermore, the moving mechanism includes: A turntable is located above the coarse filter plate and the fine filter plate. The turntable has two inclined grooves, one and the other, which cooperate with the sliding shaft. The rotation of the turntable causes the sliding shaft of the coarse filter plate to slide in the first inclined groove and the sliding shaft of the fine filter plate to slide in the second inclined groove, so as to form a filtration state or a dust removal state.

[0007] Furthermore, a sealing cloth is fixed to the lower end of both the coarse filter plate and the fine filter plate. The sealing cloth is made of a flexible material that can adapt to the shape changes of the sealed chamber formed inside the coarse filter plate and the fine filter plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the moving mechanism also includes a slide rail, which is located below the coarse filter plate and the fine filter plate and is fixed radially to the inner wall of the dust collector. A slider is fixed at the lower center of both the coarse filter plate and the fine filter plate, and the slider can slide on the slide rail.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes an anti-gas-crossing mechanism, which is located inside the dust collector and is used to prevent high-pressure pulsed airflow from crossing the coarse filter cartridge.

[0010] Furthermore, the anti-gas-passing mechanism includes a protrusion located at a position corresponding to the coarse filter plate on the inner wall of the dust collector, so as to reduce the size of the narrow channel between the coarse filter plate and the inner wall of the dust collector and increase the ventilation resistance of the coarse filter plate during the dust removal process.

[0011] Furthermore, the anti-gas-crossing mechanism includes: Both the coarse and fine filter plates have an arc-shaped structure, with the coarse filter plate arching outward and the fine filter plate arching inward. This reduces the size of the narrow channel between the coarse filter plate and the inner wall of the dust collector, while increasing the size of the narrow channel between the fine filter plate and the inner wall of the dust collector. This increases the ventilation resistance of the coarse filter plate during dust removal and reduces the ventilation resistance of the fine filter plate during dust removal.

[0012] Furthermore, the jet assembly includes an air tank, which is fixed to the upper surface of the dust collector cylinder. The exhaust end of the air tank is provided with a valve, and a jet pipe is fixedly connected to the valve. One end of the jet pipe extends into the interior of the dust collector cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, a connecting pipe is fixed on the turntable, the upper end of the connecting pipe extends to the outside of the dust collector, and the connecting pipe is connected to the dust collector. The upper end of the connecting pipe extends to the outside of the dust collector and is fitted with a gear. The gear meshes with a toothed plate, and the dust collector is equipped with a cylinder that can drive the toothed plate to reciprocate.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for dust removal from exhaust gas in the production of water-soluble fertilizers, comprising the following steps: Filtration stage: The exhaust gas enters the dust collector tangentially. Large dust particles are thrown against the inner wall of the dust collector under centrifugal force and settle under gravity. After primary filtration, the exhaust gas passes through the coarse filter plate and the fine filter plate in sequence before being discharged, thus achieving multi-stage filtration. Dust removal stage: The moving mechanism, in conjunction with the sliding shaft, brings the coarse and fine filter plates close to the inner wall of the dust collector cylinder. The coarse and fine filter plates form a sealed cylinder, and each coarse and fine filter plate can form a narrow channel with the inner wall of the dust collector cylinder. Pulse gas is injected into the sealed cylinder to peel off the dust layer on the surface of the coarse and fine filter plates. The peeled dust accelerates agglomeration and settling within the narrow channel.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The dust removal device and method for exhaust gas from water-soluble fertilizer production utilizes a moving mechanism and jet assembly to unfold and enclose the coarse and fine filter plates into a sealed cylinder. Each coarse and fine filter plate forms a narrow channel with the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder. Pulsed airflow thoroughly cleans the coarse and fine filter plates, and the stripped dust falls into the narrow channel, effectively suppressing the large-scale flying and diffusion of dust, reducing airflow disturbance, reducing dust dispersion space, accelerating agglomeration and settling, and preventing secondary adsorption caused by flying dust.

[0016] 2. The dust removal device and method for the exhaust gas of this water-soluble fertilizer production involves setting up a dust collector, a coarse filter, and a fine filter. First, centrifugal separation and gravity settling are used to achieve primary filtration of the exhaust gas. Then, the exhaust gas undergoes secondary and tertiary filtration through the coarse and fine filter. The multi-stage filtration setup meets strict environmental protection standards. The gradient separation from coarse to fine ensures that large particles are intercepted by the upstream stage, while the downstream stage only processes fine particles, reducing the frequency of dust removal and extending the service life.

[0017] 3. The dust removal device and method for the exhaust gas of water-soluble fertilizer production uses a narrow channel to confine the pulse airflow within a limited space, allowing the high-pressure airflow to concentrate on the surfaces of the coarse and fine filter plates. This increases the ventilation resistance between the coarse and fine filter plates during the dust removal process, reduces the airflow resistance difference caused by the different pore sizes, and prevents a large amount of pulse airflow from escaping from the coarse filter plate, which would affect the dust removal of the fine filter plate. At the same time, an anti-gas-crossing mechanism is set up to increase the ventilation resistance of the coarse filter plate during the dust removal process.

[0018] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is an overall diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the filtering state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the coarse filter plate structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the filtering state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing cloth in the filtering state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the dust removal state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the dust removal state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing cloth under the dust removal state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a top view of the filtration and dust removal state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the jet assembly installation according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the jet assembly structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a top view of the dust removal state in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram, 1. Ash hopper; 2. Support frame; 31. Coarse filter plate; 32. Fine filter plate; 33. Sliding shaft; 34. Sliding block; 41. Air tank; 42. Valve; 43. Pulse jet pipe; 44. Air collection chamber; 45. Extension pipe; 46. Hose; 5. Turntable; 51. Inclined chute one; 52. Inclined chute two; 53. Connecting pipe; 61. Gear; 62. Gear plate; 63. Cylinder; 10. Slide rail; 11. Sealing cloth; 12. Protrusion; 13. Dust collector; 131. Inlet pipe; 14. Exhaust pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "around", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0023] The following is based on Figures 1-12This invention describes the dust removal device and method for exhaust gas from water-soluble fertilizer production provided in embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] On one hand, embodiments of the present invention provide a dust removal device for exhaust gas from water-soluble fertilizer production.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1-5 The dust removal device for exhaust gas from water-soluble fertilizer production includes a dust collector 13, a coarse filter cartridge, and a fine filter cartridge.

[0026] The dust collector 13 is coaxially connected to an upper cylindrical body and a lower conical body. A support frame 2 is provided on the outside of the dust collector 13 to support it. An air inlet pipe 131 is tangentially located on one side of the dust collector 13, causing the exhaust gas to enter the dust collector 13 and move in a spiral motion. Dust particles in the exhaust gas undergo initial settling due to gravity and centrifugal force. The exhaust gas from water-soluble fertilizer production enters the dust collector 13 at a certain speed along the tangential direction of the dust collector 13 through the air inlet pipe 131, forming a high-speed rotating external vortex inside the dust collector 13. Due to the difference in density and mass between dust particles and gas, large dust particles are thrown towards the cylinder wall under centrifugal force and fall to the bottom along the wall under gravity. Primary filtration of the exhaust gas is achieved through centrifugal separation and gravity settling.

[0027] The coarse filter cartridge is located inside the dust collector 13 and is sealed and enclosed by multiple coarse filter plates 31, which can perform secondary filtration of dust in the exhaust gas; the fine filter cartridge is located inside the coarse filter cartridge and is sealed and enclosed by multiple fine filter plates 32, which can perform tertiary filtration of dust in the exhaust gas. A dust collection hopper 1 is provided below the dust collector 13 to collect and store the detached dust. The upper ends of both the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 are fixed with sliding shafts 33. After primary filtration, the exhaust gas forms an internal swirling flow. It first enters from the outside of the coarse filter cartridge. When passing through the pores of the coarse filter plate 31, large dust particles are trapped and form a dust layer on the surface of the coarse filter plate 31. Initially, the gas is filtered by the pores of the coarse filter plate 31, and later mainly by the dust layer that has already formed. The filtered gas enters the interior of the coarse filter cartridge and then enters from the outside of the fine filter cartridge. When passing through the pores of the fine filter plate 32, small dust particles are trapped and form a dust layer on the surface of the fine filter plate 32. After that, the clean gas flows out from the interior of the fine filter cartridge, thus achieving dust removal of the exhaust gas from water-soluble fertilizer production.

[0028] Specifically, the exhaust gas is first filtered by centrifugal separation and gravity sedimentation. Then, it is filtered by coarse and fine filter cartridges for secondary and tertiary filtration. The multi-stage filtration meets strict environmental protection standards. The gradient separation from coarse to fine ensures that large particles are intercepted by the front stage, while the rear stage only processes fine particles. This avoids the rapid clogging and wear of the coarse filter plate 31 and fine filter plate 32 by large particles, reduces the frequency of dust removal, and extends the service life.

[0029] In actual operation, the exhaust gas from water-soluble fertilizer production contains a large amount of incompletely granulated fertilizer fine powder. High-concentration dust needs to be centrifuged and gravity settled first in the dust collector 13, and then filtered by the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 to reduce the burden on the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32. Therefore, sufficient space needs to be left between the coarse filter plate 31 and the dust collector 13 to prevent the air inlet pipe 131 from blowing directly onto the coarse filter plate 31. The dust in the exhaust gas will be directly intercepted by the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32, affecting the function of the first-stage filtration. However, during the dust removal process, the high-pressure airflow is instantly reversed, causing the coarse and fine filter cartridges to shake violently. The dust layer on the surface of the coarse filter plate 31 is quickly peeled off and flies in the space between the dust collector 13 and the coarse filter plate 31. It is necessary to extend the dust removal time and wait for the flying dust to settle into the dust collection hopper 1 at the bottom of the dust collector 13 to avoid the flying dust being re-adsorbed on the surface of the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 during the second filtration. After the dust layer on the surface of the fine filter plate 32 is peeled off, it will remain in the coarse filter cartridge, and some of it will re-adhere to the side of the coarse filter plate 31 close to the fine filter plate 32, making it difficult to achieve effective dust removal.

[0030] Therefore, please refer to Figures 2-11 It also includes a moving mechanism and an air jet assembly. The moving mechanism is located above the dust collector 13. The moving mechanism drives the sliding shaft 33 close to the inner wall of the dust collector 13, causing the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 to unfold and form a sealed cylinder. Each coarse filter plate 31 and fine filter plate 32 can form a narrow channel with the inner wall of the dust collector 13 (e.g., ...). Figure 6 The jet assembly is located above the dust collection cylinder 13. It uses instantaneous high-pressure pulse airflow to clean the sealed cylinder. The narrow channel can reduce the dust dispersion space and accelerate agglomeration and settling.

[0031] Specifically, the pulsed gas is sprayed onto the sealed cylinder through the jet assembly, which can peel off the dust layer on the surface of the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32. The peeled dust falls into the narrow channel, effectively suppressing the large-scale flying and diffusion of dust, reducing airflow disturbance, reducing the dust dispersion space, and accelerating agglomeration and settling.

[0032] In actual dust removal, the coarse filter plate 31 has a large pore size and low airflow resistance, making it easier for reverse airflow to pass from the inside to the outside of the filter material. In contrast, the fine filter plate 32 has a small pore size, high airflow resistance, and weak penetration ability. Therefore, the coarse filter plate 31 is cleaned faster. After the dust layer on the surface of the coarse filter plate 31 is removed, the pressure difference between the two sides of the coarse filter plate 31 disappears, and the sealing cylinder formed by the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 is destroyed. Under the impact of pulsed airflow, the coarse filter plate 31 is prone to over-cleaning, leading to filter material fatigue damage. After cleaning, the fine filter plate 32 is prone to residual dust, causing blockage. The coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 are respectively set to form narrow channels with the inner wall of the dust collector 13, which confines the pulse airflow within a limited space, allowing the high-pressure airflow to concentrate on the surface of the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32. This increases the ventilation resistance of the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 during the dust removal process, reduces the airflow resistance difference caused by the different pore sizes, and prevents the pulse airflow from escaping from the coarse filter plate 31 in large quantities, which would affect the dust removal of the fine filter plate 32.

[0033] At the same time, please refer to Figure 9 It also features an anti-gas-crossing mechanism located inside the dust collector 13 to prevent high-pressure pulse airflow from crossing the coarse filter cartridge.

[0034] Specifically, the anti-gas-crossing mechanism includes a protrusion 12, which is located at the position corresponding to the coarse filter plate 31 on the inner wall of the dust collector 13. This reduces the size of the narrow channel between the coarse filter plate 31 and the inner wall of the dust collector 13, increases the ventilation resistance of the coarse filter plate 31 during the dust removal process, and prevents a large amount of pulse airflow from escaping from the coarse filter plate 31, which would affect the dust removal of the fine filter plate 32.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 To facilitate the movement mechanism in conjunction with the sliding shaft 33 to bring the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 closer to or further away from the inner wall of the dust collector 13, the movement mechanism is equipped with a turntable 5. The turntable 5 is located above the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32. The turntable 5 has inclined grooves 51 and 52 that cooperate with the sliding shaft 33. The radial distances between the two ends of inclined grooves 51 and 52 and the center of the turntable 5 are different. The rotation of the turntable 5 causes the sliding shaft 33 of the coarse filter plate 31 to slide in inclined groove 51 and the sliding shaft 33 of the fine filter plate 32 to slide in inclined groove 52. Thus, the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 can move closer to or further away from the inner wall of the dust collector 13 to form a filtration state or a dust removal state.

[0036] Furthermore, to facilitate the rotation of the turntable 5, a connecting pipe 53 is fixed on the turntable 5. The upper end of the connecting pipe 53 extends to the outside of the dust collector 13 and is connected to the dust collector 13. An exhaust pipe 14 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the connecting pipe 53. The exhaust pipe 14 is fixed to the top of the dust collector 13 by a mounting bracket. After multi-stage filtration, clean gas flows out from inside the fine filter cartridge through the connecting pipe 53 and is then discharged through the exhaust pipe 14, thus achieving dust removal of the exhaust gas from water-soluble fertilizer production. After the upper end of the connecting pipe 53 extends to the outside of the dust collector 13, a gear 61 is sleeved on it. The gear 61 meshes with a toothed plate 62. A cylinder 63 is provided on the dust collector 13 to drive the toothed plate 62 to reciprocate.

[0037] In addition, to facilitate the radial movement of the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 along the dust collector cylinder 13, the moving mechanism is also equipped with a slide rail 10 located below the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 and fixed radially to the inner wall of the dust collector cylinder 13. A slider 34 is fixed to the lower center of both the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32, and the slider 34 can slide on the slide rail 10. The rotation of the turntable 5 is only achieved by the movement of the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 radially along the dust collector cylinder 13 via the first inclined groove 51 and the second inclined groove 52, thus preventing the rotation of the turntable 5 from causing the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 to rotate.

[0038] Specifically, in the dust removal state, the cylinder 63 drives the toothed plate 62 to move linearly, causing the gear 61 to rotate in the forward direction. Consequently, the turntable 5 rotates synchronously at a fixed angle. As the turntable 5 rotates in the forward direction, the inclined groove 1 51 and inclined groove 2 52 on it drive the corresponding sliding shaft 33 to move, causing the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 to slide on the slide rail 10 and move radially toward the inner wall of the dust collector 13 until the sliding shaft 33 reaches the end of the inclined groove 1 51 and inclined groove 2 52 that is away from the center of the turntable 5. At this time, the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 move and enclose to form a sealed cylinder on the inside, and the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 form narrow channels with the inner wall of the dust collector 13. In the filtration state, the turntable 5 rotates in the opposite direction at a set angle, causing the sliding shaft 33 to slide in the corresponding inclined groove 1 51 and inclined groove 2 52 until the sliding shaft 33 reaches the end of inclined groove 1 51 and inclined groove 2 52 near the center of the turntable 5. At this time, multiple coarse filter plates 31 are enclosed to form a coarse filter cylinder, and multiple fine filter plates 32 are enclosed to form a fine filter cylinder, which can filter the dust in the exhaust gas.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 8 In order to ensure that the coarse filter cylinder, the fine filter cylinder in the filtration state and the sealing cylinder in the dust removal state can be sealed, the lower ends of the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 are both fixed with sealing cloth 11. The sealing cloth 11 is a flexible material that can adapt to the shape changes of the sealing cylinder formed inside the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 The jet assembly is equipped with an air tank 41, which is fixed to the upper surface of the dust collector 13. It is used to store high-pressure gas and ensure the jet pressure. The exhaust end of the air tank 41 is equipped with a valve 42, which controls the start and stop of the jet and the pulse duration. A jet pipe 43 is fixedly connected to the valve 42. One end of the jet pipe 43 passes through the exhaust pipe 14 and extends into the interior of the dust collector 13. When the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 move close to the inner wall of the dust collector 13 and form a narrow channel, the valve 42 opens. The jet pipe 43 guides the high-pressure airflow to the sealed cylinder formed inside the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32, forming a high-intensity, short-duration pulse airflow.

[0041] Optionally, because the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 move closer to the inner wall of the dust collector 13, the sealed cylinder formed inside the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 is relatively large. After the pulse airflow is ejected from the blowpipe 43, it diffuses within the sealed cylinder, resulting in a strong central airflow and a weak edge airflow. This requires a larger pulse pressure or a longer blowing time to achieve the dust removal effect, increasing compressed air consumption. Therefore, the jet assembly is also equipped with a gas collection chamber 44, which is connected to the blowpipe 43. Multiple extension pipes 45 are fixed on the lower surface of the gas collection chamber 44, and multiple flexible hoses 46 are provided outside the extension pipes 45. The flexible hoses 46 have a certain length. In the filtration state, the flexible hoses 46 hang down and do not affect the filtration work. In the dust removal state, the pulse airflow enters the gas collection chamber 44 through the blowpipe 43, and is then dispersed to each extension pipe 45 by the gas collection chamber 44. The pulse airflow straightens the flexible hoses 46, bringing the outlet of the pulse gas closer to the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32, facilitating dust removal.

[0042] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 12 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 lies in the anti-gas leakage mechanism. Specifically, both the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 are arc-shaped structures. The coarse filter plate 31 arches outward, and the fine filter plate 32 arches inward, in order to reduce the size of the narrow channel between the coarse filter plate 31 and the inner wall of the dust collector 13, increase the size of the narrow channel between the fine filter plate 32 and the inner wall of the dust collector 13, increase the ventilation resistance of the coarse filter plate 31 in the dust removal state, and reduce the ventilation resistance of the fine filter plate 32 in the dust removal state.

[0043] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for dust removal from exhaust gas in water-soluble fertilizer production, comprising the following steps: Filtration stage: The exhaust gas enters the dust collector 13 tangentially. Large dust particles are thrown towards the inner wall of the dust collector 13 under the action of centrifugal force and settle under the action of gravity. After primary filtration, the exhaust gas passes through the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 in sequence and is discharged, realizing multi-stage filtration. Dust removal stage: The moving mechanism, in conjunction with the sliding shaft 33, brings the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 close to the inner wall of the dust collector 13. The coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32 form a sealed cylinder, and each coarse filter plate 31 and fine filter plate 32 can form a narrow channel with the inner wall of the dust collector 13. Pulse gas is injected into the sealed cylinder to peel off the dust layer on the surface of the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32. The peeled dust accelerates agglomeration and settling in the narrow channel.

[0044] During operation, the filtration process is as follows: Water-soluble fertilizer production exhaust gas enters the dust collector 13 at a certain speed along the tangential direction of the dust collector 13 through the inlet pipe 131. A high-speed rotating outer vortex is formed inside the dust collector 13. Under centrifugal force, large dust particles are thrown against the cylinder wall and fall to the bottom dust collection hopper 1 under gravity. Primary filtration of the exhaust gas is achieved through centrifugal separation and gravity settling. After primary filtration, the exhaust gas forms an inner vortex, first entering from the outside of the coarse filter cylinder. Large dust particles are intercepted by the coarse filter plate 31, forming a dust layer on its surface, achieving secondary filtration. After secondary filtration, the gas enters from the outside of the fine filter cylinder. Small dust particles are intercepted and form a dust layer on the surface of the fine filter plate 32, achieving tertiary filtration. Initially, filtration relies on the pores of the coarse filter plate 31; later, filtration mainly relies on the already formed dust layer. Finally, clean gas flows out from inside the fine filter cylinder, achieving dust removal from the water-soluble fertilizer production exhaust gas. The multi-stage filtration system meets stringent environmental standards. The gradient separation from coarse to fine filters ensures that large particles are intercepted in the upstream stage, while the downstream stage only processes fine particles. This prevents the coarse filter plate 31 and fine filter plate 32 from being quickly clogged and worn by large particles, reducing the frequency of dust removal and extending their service life. During the filtration process, the sealing cloth 11 can seal the bottom of the coarse and fine filter cartridges.

[0045] Dust removal stage: The exhaust gas flow is stopped, and cylinder 63 drives toothed plate 62 in a linear motion, causing gear 61 to rotate forward. This causes turntable 5 to rotate synchronously at a fixed angle, causing inclined groove 1 51 and inclined groove 2 52 to move their corresponding sliding shafts 33. This allows the coarse filter plate 31 and fine filter plate 32 to slide on the slide rail 10, moving radially towards the inner wall of the dust collector 13 until the sliding shafts 33 reach the ends of inclined groove 1 51 and inclined groove 2 52 furthest from the center of turntable 5. At this point, the coarse filter plate 31 and fine filter plate 32 move and enclose each other, forming a sealed cylinder on the inside. The coarse filter plate 31 and fine filter plate 32 form narrow channels with the inner wall of the dust collector 13. Pulse gas is sprayed onto the sealed cylinder through the jet assembly, effectively stripping the dust layer from the surfaces of the coarse filter plate 31 and fine filter plate 32. The stripped dust is contained within the narrow channels, effectively suppressing large-scale dust dispersion and reducing airflow disturbance, minimizing dust dispersion space, and accelerating agglomeration and settling. Furthermore, the narrow channel design confines the pulsed airflow within a limited space, allowing the high-pressure airflow to concentrate on the surfaces of the coarse filter plate 31 and the fine filter plate 32. This reduces the airflow resistance difference caused by the different pore sizes, preventing a large amount of pulsed airflow from escaping from the coarse filter plate 31 and affecting the cleaning of the fine filter plate 32. Simultaneously, the anti-gas-crossing mechanism further increases the ventilation resistance of the coarse filter plate 31 during cleaning. During the cleaning process, the sealing cloth 11 seals the bottom of the sealing cylinder.

[0046] After the dust removal is completed, the turntable 5 rotates in the opposite direction at a set angle, causing the sliding shaft 33 to slide in the corresponding inclined groove 51 and inclined groove 52 until the sliding shaft 33 reaches the end of inclined groove 51 and inclined groove 52 near the center of the turntable 5. At this time, multiple coarse filter plates 31 are enclosed to form a coarse filter cylinder, and multiple fine filter plates 32 are enclosed to form a fine filter cylinder. The device re-enters the filtration stage and continues to remove dust from the exhaust gas of water-soluble fertilizer production until the next dust removal cycle is started, forming a continuous cycle.

[0047] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0048] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A dust removal device for tail gas from water-soluble fertilizer production, characterized in that, include: Dust collector (13), with an air inlet pipe (131) tangentially provided on one side of the dust collector (13), so that the exhaust gas enters the dust collector (13) and moves in a spiral shape, and the dust in the exhaust gas is initially settled by gravity and centrifugal force; The coarse filter cartridge is located inside the dust collector (13) and is sealed and enclosed by multiple coarse filter plates (31); The fine filter cartridge is located inside the coarse filter cartridge and is sealed and enclosed by multiple fine filter plates (32). A dust collection hopper (1) is provided below the dust collector (13). The upper ends of the coarse filter plate (31) and the fine filter plate (32) are both fixed with sliding shafts (33). The moving mechanism is located inside the dust collector (13) and above. The moving mechanism can drive the sliding shaft (33) to approach the inner wall of the dust collector (13), so that the coarse filter plate (31) and the fine filter plate (32) unfold and form a sealed cylinder. Each coarse filter plate (31) and fine filter plate (32) can form a narrow channel with the inner wall of the dust collector (13). The jet assembly is located above the dust collector (13) and uses instantaneous high-pressure pulse airflow to clean the sealed cylinder. The narrow channel can reduce the dust dispersion space to accelerate agglomeration and settling.

2. The dust removal device for tail gas from water-soluble fertilizer production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile mechanism includes: The turntable (5) is located above the coarse filter plate (31) and the fine filter plate (32). The turntable (5) has a first inclined groove (51) and a second inclined groove (52) that cooperate with the sliding shaft (33). The turntable (5) rotates so that the sliding shaft (33) of the coarse filter plate (31) slides in the first inclined groove (51) and the sliding shaft (33) of the fine filter plate (32) slides in the second inclined groove (52) to form a filtering state or a dust removal state.

3. The dust removal device for tail gas from water-soluble fertilizer production according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the coarse filter plate (31) and the fine filter plate (32) are fixed with sealing cloth (11) at their lower ends. The sealing cloth (11) is a flexible material that can adapt to the shape changes of the sealed chamber formed inside the coarse filter plate (31) and the fine filter plate (32).

4. The dust removal device for tail gas from water-soluble fertilizer production according to claim 3, characterized in that, The moving mechanism also includes a slide rail (10), which is located below the coarse filter plate (31) and the fine filter plate (32) and is fixed radially to the inner wall of the dust collector (13). A slider (34) is fixed at the middle of the lower end of both the coarse filter plate (31) and the fine filter plate (32), and the slider (34) can slide on the slide rail (10).

5. A dust removal device for tail gas from water-soluble fertilizer production according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It also includes an anti-gas-crossing mechanism, which is located inside the dust collector (13) and is used to prevent high-pressure pulse airflow from crossing the coarse filter.

6. The dust removal device for tail gas from water-soluble fertilizer production according to claim 5, characterized in that, The anti-gas-passing mechanism includes a protrusion (12), which is located at the position corresponding to the coarse filter plate (31) on the inner wall of the dust collector (13) to reduce the size of the narrow channel between the coarse filter plate (31) and the inner wall of the dust collector (13) and increase the ventilation resistance of the coarse filter plate (31) under the dust removal state.

7. The dust removal device for tail gas from water-soluble fertilizer production according to claim 5, characterized in that, The anti-gas-crossing mechanism includes: Both the coarse filter plate (31) and the fine filter plate (32) are arc-shaped structures. The coarse filter plate (31) arches outward, and the fine filter plate (32) arches inward, so as to reduce the size of the narrow channel between the coarse filter plate (31) and the inner wall of the dust collector (13), increase the size of the narrow channel between the fine filter plate (32) and the inner wall of the dust collector (13), increase the ventilation resistance of the coarse filter plate (31) under the dust removal state, and reduce the ventilation resistance of the fine filter plate (32) under the dust removal state.

8. The dust removal device for tail gas from water-soluble fertilizer production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jet assembly includes an air tank (41), which is fixed on the upper surface of the dust collector (13). The exhaust end of the air tank (41) is provided with a valve (42), and a blow pipe (43) is fixedly connected to the valve (42). One end of the blow pipe (43) extends into the dust collector (13).

9. A dust removal device for tail gas from water-soluble fertilizer production according to claim 2, characterized in that, A connecting pipe (53) is fixed on the turntable (5). The upper end of the connecting pipe (53) extends to the outside of the dust collector (13), and the connecting pipe (53) is connected to the dust collector (13). The upper end of the connecting pipe (53) extends to the outside of the dust collector (13) and is fitted with a gear (61). The gear (61) meshes with a toothed plate (62). The dust collector (13) is equipped with a cylinder (63) that can drive the toothed plate (62) to reciprocate.

10. A method for dust removal from tail gas of water-soluble fertilizer production, applicable to the dust removal device for tail gas of water-soluble fertilizer production as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Filtration stage: The exhaust gas enters the dust collector (13) tangentially. Large dust particles are thrown against the inner wall of the dust collector (13) under the action of centrifugal force and settle under the action of gravity. After primary filtration, the exhaust gas passes through the coarse filter plate (31) and the fine filter plate (32) in sequence and is discharged, realizing multi-stage filtration. Dust removal stage: The moving mechanism, in conjunction with the sliding shaft (33), brings the coarse filter plate (31) and the fine filter plate (32) close to the inner wall of the dust collector (13). The coarse filter plate (31) and the fine filter plate (32) form a sealed cylinder, and each coarse filter plate (31) and fine filter plate (32) can form a narrow channel with the inner wall of the dust collector (13). Pulse gas is injected into the sealed cylinder to peel off the dust layer on the surface of the coarse filter plate (31) and the fine filter plate (32). The peeled dust accelerates agglomeration and settling in the narrow channel.

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