A photothermal nanomonomer fluid, its preparation method and application in polymer impregnated concrete
By introducing photothermal nanomaterials into concrete and utilizing near-infrared light-excited photothermal nanomonomer fluids, efficient in-situ polymerization is achieved, solving the problems of high energy consumption and demanding equipment in traditional polymer impregnation technology, and improving the impermeability, durability and strength of concrete.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610453871.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
AI Technical Summary
Traditional polymer impregnation concrete technology suffers from high energy consumption, significant loss of low-boiling-point monomers due to volatilization, and stringent equipment requirements, making it difficult to implement efficiently on construction sites and affecting polymerization efficiency and reinforcement effect.
By employing photothermal nanomonomer fluid, photothermal nanomaterials are introduced into the concrete interior, and near-infrared light is used to excite local high temperatures to initiate polymerization reactions, thus constructing an integrated system of photothermal materials, initiators, and monomers to achieve efficient, in-situ polymerization.
It improves energy utilization efficiency, avoids monomer volatilization, forms a dense composite material structure, significantly enhances the impermeability, durability and strength of concrete, and improves interfacial bonding strength.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of high-performance concrete protective materials, specifically relating to a photothermal nanomonomer fluid, its preparation method, and its application in polymer-impregnated concrete. Background Technology
[0002] Concrete, as the most widely used building material, inherently possesses several defects that affect its long-term performance and durability. Concrete naturally contains a multi-level porous structure, from microscopic to macroscopic levels. These interconnected pores provide channels for the penetration of moisture and various corrosive media, leading to frequent durability problems such as steel corrosion, freeze-thaw damage, and chemical corrosion. Simultaneously, concrete exhibits significant brittleness and low tensile strength, making it prone to cracking under stress, thus accelerating the intrusion of environmental media and the material's deterioration process. Furthermore, in special application scenarios, the surface hardness, wear resistance, and impact resistance of ordinary concrete often fail to meet engineering requirements.
[0003] Polymer-impregnated concrete technology offers a significant approach to improving concrete performance. This technology involves infiltrating organic monomers into the pores of hardened concrete and initiating an in-situ polymerization reaction, forming a polymer-reinforcing network within the concrete matrix. This process effectively fills and seals pores and microcracks within the concrete, significantly reducing material permeability and greatly enhancing its impermeability and durability. Simultaneously, the resulting polymer phase intertwines with cement hydration products, forming a composite reinforcement system that not only improves the overall strength of the concrete but also enhances its toughness and crack resistance. Polymer-impregnated concrete also exhibits significantly improved surface hardness, abrasion resistance, and chemical corrosion resistance.
[0004] Despite this, the industrial application of traditional polymer impregnation technology still faces bottlenecks in the polymerization process. Currently, the commonly used thermocatalytic polymerization process requires overall high-temperature heating of the concrete component, resulting in high energy consumption. Furthermore, during the preheating process before polymerization, a large amount of low-boiling-point monomers that have penetrated into the pores are easily volatilized and escaped by heat, causing a loss of effective monomers and leading to low impregnation and polymerization efficiency, affecting the final reinforcement effect. In addition, the prolonged heating process can easily generate unfavorable temperature stresses within the material. Although radiation polymerization technology can be implemented at room temperature, it has stringent equipment requirements and safety considerations such as radiation protection, making it difficult to adapt to typical construction site conditions. Therefore, exploring and developing a new polymerization initiation technology that is more efficient, energy-saving, and easy to implement on-site is of great value for promoting the engineering application of polymer-impregnated concrete. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of the problems and shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide a photothermal nanomonomer fluid, its preparation method and its application in polymer impregnated concrete.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The first aspect of the present invention provides a photothermal nanomonomer fluid, which is composed of component A and component B, wherein the mass ratio of component A to component B is 1:(0.01 to 0.05). Component A is mainly composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of acrylate monomers, 0.1-10 parts of photothermal nanomaterials, 0-5 parts of organosilicon monomers, and 0-10 parts of crosslinking monomers; Component B is an initiator; The photothermal nanomaterial is at least one of carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide, and carbon quantum dots.
[0007] Preferably, the acrylate monomer is at least one selected from butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, isooctyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, and isobornyl methacrylate.
[0008] Preferably, the organosilicon monomer is at least one selected from vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltriisopropoxysilane, 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloyloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, and 3-methacryloyloxypropyltriethoxysilane.
[0009] Preferably, the crosslinking monomer is at least one selected from propylene glycol dimethacrylate, butanediol dimethacrylate, hexanediol dimethacrylate, nonanediol dimethacrylate, decanediol dimethacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate.
[0010] Preferably, the initiator is at least one selected from azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptanenitrile, benzoyl peroxide, tert-butylperoxyneodecanate, cumyl peroxyneodecanate, pentyl peroxyneodecanate, and pentyl peroxyneodecanate.
[0011] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the photothermal nanomonomer fluid described in the first aspect above, comprising the following steps: adding photothermal nanomaterials, organosilicon monomers and crosslinking monomers to acrylate monomers, performing shear dispersion treatment to obtain component A, and then adding component B to component A, performing shear dispersion treatment to obtain the photothermal nanomonomer fluid.
[0012] The third aspect of the present invention provides the application of the photothermal nanomonomer fluid described in the first aspect above in polymer-impregnated concrete or concrete structure repair or reinforcement or functionalized pavement.
[0013] A fourth aspect of this invention provides a method for preparing polymer-impregnated concrete, comprising the following steps: The concrete substrate is dried, and then immersed in the photothermal nanomonomer fluid described in the first aspect above. After immersion, the immersed concrete substrate is irradiated with near-infrared light with a wavelength of 700-1500 nm. After irradiation, polymer-impregnated concrete is obtained.
[0014] Preferably, the impregnation is carried out first under vacuum conditions and then under normal pressure conditions, wherein the vacuum conditions are evacuated to -0.06 to -0.098 MPa; and the irradiation treatment time is 30 to 90 minutes.
[0015] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a polymer-impregnated concrete prepared by the method described in the fourth aspect above.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) This invention proposes a novel in-situ reaction system based on photothermal nanomaterials. This system uniformly disperses photothermal nanomaterials in a monomer fluid, constructing an integrated system of "photothermal material—initiator—monomer." Under near-infrared light irradiation, the nanomaterials efficiently absorb light energy and directly generate localized high temperatures within the pores of concrete, rapidly activating the initiator, thereby achieving precise energy delivery and efficient conversion. This method transforms traditional external overall heating into internal in-situ excitation, significantly improving energy utilization efficiency. The polymerization reaction can therefore proceed rapidly and thoroughly, while effectively avoiding the problems of reduced impregnation effect and incomplete polymerization caused by the volatilization of low-boiling-point monomers. This solves the problem that traditional polymer-impregnated concrete typically relies on overall high-temperature heating or radiation to initiate the polymerization reaction, which not only consumes a lot of energy but may also cause matrix damage or safety hazards due to thermal effects. (2) After photothermal nanomonomer fluid impregnation and in-situ polymerization, the polymer network fully fills the pore system inside the concrete, from nanoscale gel pores to micron-scale capillary pores, forming a dense composite material structure. This significantly reduces its water absorption and permeability, and enhances its resistance to water and corrosive media such as chloride ions and sulfates, fundamentally delaying the process of steel corrosion, freeze-thaw damage, and chemical erosion, and greatly improving the long-term durability of concrete. In particular, the introduction of crosslinking monomers into the system can form a three-dimensional crosslinked network structure during polymerization. This crosslinked structure not only significantly improves the stiffness and strength of the polymer phase, but also effectively improves the interfacial bonding strength with cement hydration products by strengthening the connection points between polymer chains. Detailed Implementation
[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.
[0018] It should be noted that this application measures the compressive strength and flexural strength of the specimens according to GB / T 50081-2019; measures the water absorption of the specimens according to the method in "Standard Test Method for Measurement of Rate of Absorption of Waterby Hydraulic Cement Concretes" (ASTM C1585-2013), with a treatment time of 24 hours; measures the freeze-thaw cycle resistance and chloride ion diffusion coefficient of the specimens according to GB / T 50082-2024; and tests the chloride absorption reduction effect according to the requirements of JTS153-2015 Standard for Durability Design of Water Transport Engineering Structures. Specifically, the water absorption reduction rate = (water absorption of unimpregnated blank specimen - water absorption of test specimen / example specimen / comparative specimen) / water absorption of unimpregnated blank specimen; monomer reaction rate = (mass of concrete after complete polymerization - mass after impregnation and before polymerization) / total mass of impregnated monomers.
[0019] Example 1: Experimental Study on Types of Photothermal Nanomaterials Example 1-1 A photothermal nanomonomer fluid, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: Component A: 95g methyl methacrylate, 5g carbon nanotubes; Component B: 4g of azobisisobutyronitrile.
[0020] The preparation method of the above-mentioned photothermal nanomonomer fluid is as follows: Carbon nanotubes were added to methyl methacrylate and treated with a high-speed shear disperser (10,000 rpm) for 30 min, during which the system temperature was kept below 30°C to obtain component A. Then, component B was added to component A and shear mixing was continued for 10 min to obtain a uniform and stable fluid, which is the photothermal nanomonomer fluid.
[0021] A polymer-impregnated concrete, the preparation steps of which are as follows: S1. After curing the C30 concrete specimens to be impregnated for 28 days, they were dried at 80℃ for 10 hours to obtain the dried concrete specimens to be impregnated. S2. Place the dried concrete specimen to be impregnated in a vacuum impregnation tank, evacuate to -0.095MPa and maintain for 30 minutes to degas the concrete specimen, so that the subsequent fluid can better impregnate the concrete specimen; then inject the photothermal nanomonomer fluid prepared in this embodiment into the vacuum impregnation tank to ensure that the specimen is completely submerged; after restoring normal pressure, continue impregnation for 2 hours, and then take out the specimen to obtain the impregnated concrete specimen; S3. Use a near-infrared laser with a wavelength of 980nm (power density 0.8W / cm²). 2 The surfaces of the impregnated concrete specimens were irradiated to induce an in-situ polymerization reaction of the photothermal nanomonomer fluid that had penetrated into the concrete specimens. The total irradiation time was 45 minutes, which yielded polymer-impregnated concrete.
[0022] Examples 1-2 The content of the photothermal nanomonomer fluid is basically the same as that of Example 1-1, except that carbon nanotubes are replaced with graphene.
[0023] The content of the polymer-impregnated concrete is basically the same as that of Example 1-1, except that the photothermal nanomonomer fluid prepared in this example is used for impregnation treatment in step S2.
[0024] Examples 1-3 The content of the photothermal nanomonomer fluid is basically the same as that in Example 1-1, except that carbon nanotubes are replaced with graphene oxide.
[0025] The content of the polymer-impregnated concrete is basically the same as that of Example 1-1, except that the photothermal nanomonomer fluid prepared in this example is used for impregnation treatment in step S2.
[0026] Comparative Example 1-1 The contents of the fluid are basically the same as those in Examples 1-1, except that component A is 100g of methyl methacrylate and no photothermal nanomaterials are added.
[0027] The content of the concrete is basically the same as that of Example 1-1, except that the fluid prepared in this comparative example is used for impregnation treatment in step S2.
[0028] Comparative Examples 1-2 The contents of one fluid are substantially the same as those in Examples 1-1, except that methyl methacrylate is replaced with the solvent isopropanol.
[0029] The content of the concrete is basically the same as that of Example 1-1, except that the fluid prepared in this comparative example is used for impregnation treatment in step S2.
[0030] Comparative Examples 1-3 A polymer-impregnated concrete prepared using a traditional heating method comprises the following steps: S1. After curing the C30 concrete specimens to be impregnated for 28 days, they were dried at 80℃ for 10 hours to obtain the dried concrete specimens to be impregnated. S2. Place the dried concrete specimen to be impregnated in a vacuum impregnation tank, evacuate to -0.095MPa and maintain for 30min; dissolve 4g of azobisisobutyronitrile in 98g of methyl methacrylate and inject into the vacuum impregnation tank to ensure that the specimen is completely submerged; after restoring normal pressure, continue impregnation for 2h, and then take out the specimen to obtain the impregnated concrete specimen; S3. Place the impregnated concrete specimens into a 70°C hot air drying oven and react for 45 minutes to obtain polymer-impregnated concrete prepared by traditional heating methods.
[0031] Blank example 1-1 A type of concrete is prepared by the following steps: after curing a concrete specimen with a strength grade of C30 for 28 days, it is dried at 80℃ for 10 hours to obtain the concrete.
[0032] The properties of concrete prepared in Examples 1-1 to 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3, and Blank Example 1-1 were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
[0033] Table 1. Effects of different photothermal nanomaterials on the properties of polymer-impregnated concrete As shown in Table 1, the introduction of photothermal nanomaterials can significantly improve the various properties of polymer-impregnated concrete. The fundamental mechanism of this phenomenon is that the photothermal nanomaterials dispersed in the monomers generate local high temperatures inside the pores of the concrete under near-infrared light irradiation, thereby efficiently and in situ initiating the monomer polymerization reaction.
[0034] The enhancing effects of the three photothermal nanomaterials showed a clear ranking: carbon nanotubes > graphene > graphene oxide. Among them, Example 1-1, using carbon nanotubes, exhibited the most outstanding performance, mainly due to its unique tubular structure and high specific surface area, which endowed the system with optimal photothermal conversion efficiency and monomer loading and mass transfer capabilities. This group achieved a monomer reactivity rate as high as 89.7%, its compressive strength increased by approximately 214% compared to the blank baseline, its water absorption reduction rate reached 95.3%, and its chloride absorption was reduced by 94.1%, demonstrating the best overall performance.
[0035] In contrast, Comparative Example 1-1, which did not contain any photothermal materials, had a monomer reaction rate of only 8.7%, with only slight improvements in various performance indicators. This directly confirms the indispensability of the near-infrared photothermal initiation mechanism in this method. Furthermore, when the monomer in Comparative Example 1-2 was replaced with the non-polymerizable solvent isopropanol, its performance was even lower than that of untreated blank concrete. This further eliminates the contribution of simple physical filling and clarifies the dominant role of in-situ monomer polymerization.
[0036] Compared with traditional external heating methods (Comparative Examples 1-3), the photothermal initiation method based on carbon nanotubes (Example 1-1) shows significant advantages in monomer reaction rate and key durability indicators (such as water absorption and inhibition of chloride ion intrusion). This not only confirms the improved reaction efficiency of photothermal in-situ polymerization, but also demonstrates its superiority in improving the deep properties of concrete.
[0037] Example 2: Discussion on the Dosage of Photothermal Nanomaterials Example 2-1 A photothermal nanomonomer fluid, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: Component A: 99g methyl methacrylate, 1g carbon nanotubes; Component B: 5g of azobisisobutyronitrile.
[0038] The preparation method of the above-mentioned photothermal nanomonomer fluid is as follows: Carbon nanotubes were added to methyl methacrylate and treated with a high-speed shear disperser (8000 rpm) for 45 min, during which the system temperature was kept below 30°C to obtain component A. Then, component B was added to component A and shear mixing was continued for 10 min to obtain a uniform and stable fluid, which is the photothermal nanomonomer fluid.
[0039] A polymer-impregnated concrete, the preparation steps of which are as follows: S1. After curing the C30 concrete specimens to be impregnated for 28 days, they were dried at 80℃ for 10 hours to obtain the dried concrete specimens to be impregnated. S2. Place the dried concrete specimen to be impregnated in a vacuum impregnation tank, evacuate to -0.095MPa and maintain for 30 minutes to degas the concrete specimen, so that the subsequent fluid can better impregnate the concrete specimen; then inject the photothermal nanomonomer fluid prepared in this embodiment into the vacuum impregnation tank to ensure that the specimen is completely submerged; after restoring normal pressure, continue impregnation for 2 hours, and then take out the specimen to obtain the impregnated concrete specimen; S3. Use a near-infrared laser with a wavelength of 850nm (power density 1.0W / cm²). 2The surfaces of the impregnated concrete specimens were irradiated to induce an in-situ polymerization reaction of the photothermal nanomonomer fluid that had penetrated into the concrete specimens. The total irradiation time was 60 minutes, which yielded polymer-impregnated concrete.
[0040] Example 2-2 The contents of the photothermal nanomonomer fluid are basically the same as those in Example 2-1, except that component A is replaced with 97g of methyl methacrylate and 3g of carbon nanotubes.
[0041] The content of the polymer-impregnated concrete is basically the same as that of Example 2-1, except that the photothermal nanomonomer fluid prepared in this example is used for impregnation treatment in step S2.
[0042] Example 2-3 The contents of the photothermal nanomonomer fluid are basically the same as those in Example 2-1, except that component A is replaced with 95g of methyl methacrylate and 5g of carbon nanotubes.
[0043] The content of the polymer-impregnated concrete is basically the same as that of Example 2-1, except that the photothermal nanomonomer fluid prepared in this example is used for impregnation treatment in step S2.
[0044] Examples 2-4 The contents of the photothermal nanomonomer fluid are basically the same as those in Example 2-1, except that component A is replaced with 93g of methyl methacrylate and 7g of carbon nanotubes.
[0045] The content of the polymer-impregnated concrete is basically the same as that of Example 2-1, except that the photothermal nanomonomer fluid prepared in this example is used for impregnation treatment in step S2.
[0046] The performance of the concrete prepared in Examples 2-1 to 2-4 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 2.
[0047] Table 2. Effects of different amounts of photothermal nanomaterials on the performance of polymer-impregnated concrete. Table 2 shows that the amount of carbon nanotubes significantly regulates the performance of photothermal polymer-impregnated concrete. As the amount of photothermal nanomaterials gradually increases from 1% to 5%, the various performance indicators of the concrete show a systematic improvement trend. When the amount reaches 5% (Examples 2-3), the overall performance of the concrete reaches its optimal state, with a compressive strength of 107.6 MPa, an increase of approximately 221% compared to the baseline concrete; flexural strength increases to 12.8 MPa; simultaneously, the water absorption reduction rate reaches 95.8%, the chloride absorption reduction effect reaches 94.3%, and the monomer reaction rate also reaches a maximum of 90.1%. This series of data indicates that appropriately increasing the amount of photothermal nanomaterials can form a denser photothermal conversion network inside the concrete pores, significantly enhancing the utilization efficiency of near-infrared light, promoting the polymerization reaction of monomers in the deep pores of the concrete, thereby forming a denser and more complete polymer-filled structure.
[0048] However, when the dosage was further increased to 7% (Examples 2-4), although most performance indicators remained at a high level, key parameters showed a significant turning point. The compressive strength decreased from a peak of 107.6 MPa to 98.2 MPa, a decrease of approximately 8.7%; the monomer reaction rate also decreased from 90.1% to 87.5%. This phenomenon may be due to the combined effect of multiple factors: firstly, excessively high nanomaterial content tends to agglomerate in the monomer fluid, affecting its dispersion uniformity and stability; secondly, the significant increase in system viscosity hinders the permeation and mass transfer of the fluid into the fine pores of the concrete.
[0049] Example 3: Discussion of acrylate monomer composition Example 3-1 A photothermal nanomonomer fluid, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: Component A: 96g methyl methacrylate, 4g carbon nanotubes; Component B: 5g of azobisisobutyronitrile.
[0050] The preparation method of the above-mentioned photothermal nanomonomer fluid is as follows: Carbon nanotubes were added to methyl methacrylate and treated with a high-speed shear disperser (8000 rpm) for 45 min, during which the system temperature was kept below 30°C to obtain component A. Then, component B was added to component A and shear mixing was continued for 10 min to obtain a uniform and stable fluid, which is the photothermal nanomonomer fluid.
[0051] A polymer-impregnated concrete, the preparation steps of which are as follows: S1. After curing the C30 concrete specimens to be impregnated for 28 days, they were dried at 80℃ for 10 hours to obtain the dried concrete specimens to be impregnated. S2. Place the dried concrete specimen to be impregnated in a vacuum impregnation tank, evacuate to -0.095MPa and maintain for 30 minutes to degas the concrete specimen, so that the subsequent fluid can better impregnate the concrete specimen; then inject the photothermal nanomonomer fluid prepared in this embodiment into the vacuum impregnation tank to ensure that the specimen is completely submerged; after restoring normal pressure, continue impregnation for 2 hours, and then take out the specimen to obtain the impregnated concrete specimen; S3. Use a near-infrared laser with a wavelength of 850nm (power density 1.0W / cm²). 2 The surfaces of the impregnated concrete specimens were irradiated to induce an in-situ polymerization reaction of the photothermal nanomonomer fluid that had penetrated into the concrete specimens. The total irradiation time was 60 minutes, which yielded polymer-impregnated concrete.
[0052] Example 3-2 The contents of the photothermal nanomonomer fluid are basically the same as those in Example 3-1, except that 96g of methyl methacrylate is replaced with 80g of methyl methacrylate and 16g of butyl acrylate.
[0053] The content of the polymer-impregnated concrete is basically the same as that of Example 3-1, except that the photothermal nanomonomer fluid prepared in this example is used for impregnation treatment in step S2.
[0054] Example 3-3 The contents of the photothermal nanomonomer fluid are basically the same as those in Example 3-1, except that 96g of methyl methacrylate is replaced with 50g of methyl methacrylate and 46g of butyl acrylate.
[0055] The content of the polymer-impregnated concrete is basically the same as that of Example 3-1, except that the photothermal nanomonomer fluid prepared in this example is used for impregnation treatment in step S2.
[0056] Examples 3-4 The contents of the photothermal nanomonomer fluid are basically the same as those in Example 3-1, except that 96g of methyl methacrylate is replaced with 88g of methyl methacrylate and 8g of hydroxyethyl methacrylate.
[0057] The content of the polymer-impregnated concrete is basically the same as that of Example 3-1, except that the photothermal nanomonomer fluid prepared in this example is used for impregnation treatment in step S2.
[0058] The performance of the concrete prepared in Examples 3-1 to 3-4 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 3.
[0059] Table 3. Effects of different acrylate monomer compositions on the properties of polymer-impregnated concrete. Table 3 shows that different monomer formulations can all achieve high conversion rates (>89%) under photothermal initiation. The pure methyl methacrylate system (Example 3-1) exhibits high rigidity, with a compressive strength of 111.8 MPa. After the introduction of butyl acrylate (Examples 3-2, 3-3), the material toughness is enhanced, and the flexural strength increases to a maximum of 17.0 MPa, but the compressive strength decreases with increasing butyl acrylate ratio. The introduction of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (Example 3-4) results in the best overall performance due to the ability of its hydroxyl groups to form hydrogen bonds with the cement matrix, enhancing interfacial bonding, achieving a compressive strength of 117.3 MPa, and exhibiting excellent durability.
[0060] Example 4: Discussion on the Dosage of Crosslinking Monomer Example 4-1 A photothermal nanomonomer fluid, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: Component A: 83g methyl methacrylate, 10g hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 4g carbon nanotubes, 3g ethylene glycol dimethacrylate; Component B: 5g of azobisisobutyronitrile.
[0061] The preparation method of the above-mentioned photothermal nanomonomer fluid is as follows: Hydroxyethyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate were mixed to obtain a mixture. Carbon nanotubes and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate were added to the mixture, and the mixture was treated with a high-speed shear disperser (8000 rpm) for 45 min, during which the system temperature was kept below 30°C to obtain component A. Then component B was added to component A, and shear mixing was continued for 10 min to obtain a uniform and stable fluid, which is the photothermal nanomonomer fluid.
[0062] A polymer-impregnated concrete, the preparation steps of which are as follows: S1. After curing the C30 concrete specimens to be impregnated for 28 days, they were dried at 80℃ for 10 hours to obtain the dried concrete specimens to be impregnated. S2. Place the dried concrete specimen to be impregnated in a vacuum impregnation tank, evacuate to -0.095MPa and maintain for 30 minutes to degas the concrete specimen, so that the subsequent fluid can better impregnate the concrete specimen; then inject the photothermal nanomonomer fluid prepared in this embodiment into the vacuum impregnation tank to ensure that the specimen is completely submerged; after restoring normal pressure, continue impregnation for 2 hours, and then take out the specimen to obtain the impregnated concrete specimen; S3. Use a near-infrared laser with a wavelength of 1200nm (power density 1.0W / cm²). 2The surfaces of the impregnated concrete specimens were irradiated to induce an in-situ polymerization reaction of the photothermal nanomonomer fluid that had penetrated into the concrete specimens. The total irradiation time was 60 minutes, which yielded polymer-impregnated concrete.
[0063] Example 4-2 The contents of the photothermal nanomonomer fluid are basically the same as those in Example 4-1, except that methyl methacrylate is replaced with 81g instead of 83g, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is replaced with 5g instead of 3g.
[0064] The content of the polymer-impregnated concrete is basically the same as that of Example 4-1, except that the photothermal nanomonomer fluid prepared in this example is used for impregnation treatment in step S2.
[0065] Example 4-3 The content of the photothermal nanomonomer fluid is basically the same as that in Example 4-1, except that methyl methacrylate is replaced with 79g instead of 83g, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is replaced with 7g instead of 3g.
[0066] The content of the polymer-impregnated concrete is basically the same as that of Example 4-1, except that the photothermal nanomonomer fluid prepared in this example is used for impregnation treatment in step S2.
[0067] Comparative Example 4-1 The contents of the photothermal nanomonomer fluid are basically the same as those in Example 4-1, except that methyl methacrylate is replaced with 86g instead of 83g, and no crosslinking agent monomer is added.
[0068] The content of the polymer-impregnated concrete is basically the same as that of Example 4-1, except that the photothermal nanomonomer fluid prepared in this example is used for impregnation treatment in step S2.
[0069] The performance of the concrete prepared in Examples 4-1 to 4-3 and Comparative Example 4-1 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 4.
[0070] Table 4. Effect of different crosslinking agent dosages on the performance of polymer-impregnated concrete Table 4 shows that the addition of crosslinking agent significantly improved the polymer network structure. As the amount of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate increased from 3g to 5g, the compressive strength increased by 4.4%, the flexural strength by 11.7%, and the freeze-thaw cycle resistance increased from 350 to 360 cycles, indicating that increased crosslinking density enhanced network integrity. However, when the amount increased to 7g, excessive crosslinking led to increased material brittleness, and the compressive strength decreased by 3.1%. Example 4-2 (5g crosslinking agent) exhibited the best overall performance, with all durability indicators exceeding 97%. Comparative Example 4-1, lacking crosslinking agent, had a linear polymer structure, and its performance was significantly lower than the crosslinked system.
[0071] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can modify or make equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of the present invention based on the concept of the present invention, without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims
1. A photothermal nanomonomer fluid, characterized in that, It consists of component A and component B, with a mass ratio of component A to component B of 1:(0.01 to 0.05). Component A is mainly composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of acrylate monomers, 0.1-10 parts of photothermal nanomaterials, 0-5 parts of organosilicon monomers, and 0-10 parts of crosslinking monomers; Component B is an initiator; The photothermal nanomaterial is at least one of carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide, and carbon quantum dots.
2. The photothermal nanomonomer fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acrylate monomers are at least one of butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, isooctyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, and isobornyl methacrylate.
3. The photothermal nanomonomer fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organosilicon monomer is at least one of vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltriisopropoxysilane, 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloyloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, and 3-methacryloyloxypropyltriethoxysilane.
4. The photothermal nanomonomer fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crosslinking monomer is at least one of propylene glycol dimethacrylate, butanediol dimethacrylate, hexanediol dimethacrylate, nonanediol dimethacrylate, decanediol dimethacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate.
5. The photothermal nanomonomer fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initiator is at least one of azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptanenitrile, benzoyl peroxide, tert-butylperoxyneodecanate, cumyl peroxyneodecanate, pentyl peroxyneodecanate, and pentyl peroxyneodecanate.
6. The method for preparing the photothermal nanomonomer fluid according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Photothermal nanomaterials, organosilicon monomers, and crosslinking monomers are added to acrylate monomers and sheared and dispersed to obtain component A. Then, component B is added to component A and sheared and dispersed again to obtain the photothermal nanomonomer fluid.
7. The application of the photothermal nanomonomer fluid according to any one of claims 1-5 in polymer-impregnated concrete or concrete structure repair or reinforcement or functionalized pavement.
8. A method for preparing polymer-impregnated concrete, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The concrete substrate is dried, and then immersed in the photothermal nanomonomer fluid described in any one of claims 1-5. After immersion, the immersed concrete substrate is irradiated with near-infrared light with a wavelength of 700-1500 nm. After irradiation, polymer-impregnated concrete is obtained.
9. The method for preparing polymer-impregnated concrete according to claim 8, characterized in that, The impregnation is first carried out under vacuum conditions, and then under normal pressure conditions. The vacuum conditions are evacuated to -0.06 to -0.098 MPa; the irradiation treatment time is 30 to 90 minutes.
10. A polymer-impregnated concrete prepared by the method of claim 8 or 9.