A coal mine roadway ventilation control method and system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of ventilation technology, specifically to a ventilation control method and system for coal mine roadways. It includes: obtaining the concentration of harmful gases in a target area based on the roadway environment; the target area includes at least one end of a first roadway and one end of a second roadway connected at a preset angle; the target area includes two equal-area first cross-sections and a second cross-section arranged sequentially along a first direction; based on a preset rule for the concentration of harmful gases in the target area, driving ventilation components located around the target area into an deployed state; before deployment, the ratio between the first fresh air flow rate Q1 of the first cross-section and the second fresh air flow rate Q2 of the second cross-section is greater than a first preset value; in the deployed state, the ratio between the first target flow rate QS1 of the first cross-section and the second target flow rate QS2 of the second cross-section is less than the first preset value. This solves the problem of safety hazards caused by the accumulation of harmful gases in coal mine roadways.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ventilation technology, and more specifically, to a method and system for controlling ventilation in coal mine roadways. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mining, to ensure operational safety and personnel health, ventilation and pedestrian access roadways are typically installed on both sides of the longwall face. To effectively remove harmful gases such as carbon monoxide and methane produced by the natural oxidation of coal seams, negative pressure ventilation technology is commonly used. This involves using ventilation equipment to create a negative pressure environment within the roadway, forcing fresh air to flow in from the intake roadway, pass through the work area, and then be exhausted through the return air roadway, thereby carrying the harmful gases away from the mine.

[0003] However, in the aforementioned negative pressure ventilation environment, airflow tends to follow the path of least resistance when passing through roadways, especially at roadway bends or junctions, where fresh air often passes through from the side closer to the longwall face. This results in slow airflow or even the formation of stagnant eddies in corner areas of the roadways on the opposite side from the working face. Harmful gases in these areas are difficult to be effectively diluted and carried away by fresh air, thus gradually accumulating and creating potential safety hazards and health threats. How to effectively improve the flow field distribution in specific areas of negative pressure ventilation, such as at the junctions of adjacent roadways, and prevent the local accumulation of harmful gases, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the safety hazards caused by the accumulation of harmful gases in coal mine roadways, this invention provides a method and system for controlling ventilation in coal mine roadways.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling ventilation in coal mine roadways, the method comprising: The concentration of harmful gases in the target area is obtained based on the tunnel environment; wherein, the tunnel environment includes a negative pressure environment in which fresh air flows sequentially along the first tunnel and the second tunnel; the target area includes at least one end of the first tunnel and one end of the second tunnel connected at a preset angle; the target area includes two first cross-sections and second cross-sections with equal areas set sequentially along the first direction; Based on the preset rules for the concentration of harmful gases in the target area, the ventilation components located around the target area are driven into the deployment state. Before deployment, the ratio between the first fresh air flow rate Q1 of the first cross-section and the second fresh air flow rate Q2 of the second cross-section is greater than the first preset value. In the deployment state, the ratio between the first target flow rate QS1 of the first cross-section and the second target flow rate QS2 of the second cross-section is less than the first preset value.

[0006] In some embodiments, driving the ventilation components located around the target area into an deployed state based on a preset rule for the concentration of harmful gases in the target area includes: Based on the fact that the concentration of harmful gas in the target area is greater than or equal to a first preset concentration and less than a second preset concentration, the ventilation components located around the target area are driven into a first state; wherein, the unfolded state includes the first state; in the first state, the first support unit of the ventilation component extends in a first direction, and the first roller shutter portion of the first support unit at least partially covers a first cross-section along the first direction; the first preset concentration is less than the second preset concentration.

[0007] In some embodiments, driving the ventilation components located around the target area into an deployed state based on a preset rule for the concentration of harmful gases in the target area further includes: Based on the fact that the concentration of harmful gas in the target area is greater than or equal to a second preset concentration, the ventilation components located around the target area are driven into a second state; wherein, the unfolded state includes the second state; in the second state, the second support unit of the ventilation component extends from one end of the first support unit at a first preset angle in a direction away from the first support unit; the second roller shutter portion of the second support unit at least partially covers the first cross section along the direction close to the first support unit.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first state further includes: The ratio between the third fresh air flow rate Q3 of the first cross section and the fourth fresh air flow rate Q4 of the second cross section is greater than the second preset value; the first preset value is greater than the second preset value.

[0009] In some embodiments, the second state further includes: The ratio between the fifth fresh air flow rate Q5 of the first cross section and the sixth fresh air flow rate Q6 of the second cross section is greater than the third preset value, and the third preset value is less than the first preset value and the second preset value.

[0010] In some embodiments, the tunnel environment further includes a third tunnel; fresh air circulates sequentially along the first tunnel, the second tunnel, and the third tunnel; wherein, the target area further includes a connection point where one end of the second tunnel and one end of the third tunnel are connected at a preset angle.

[0011] In some embodiments, it also includes: Based on the fact that the concentration of harmful gas in the target area is less than the first preset concentration, the ventilation component is driven to enter the retracted state; the retracted state includes the second support unit rotating to be parallel to the first support unit, the first roller blind sliding away from the second support unit to the first retracted state, and the second roller blind sliding away from the first support unit to the second retracted state, wherein the first roller blind in the first retracted state and the second roller blind in the second retracted state have their orthographic projections along the first direction coincide.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first preset value is greater than 1; the second preset value is less than 1 and greater than or equal to 0.7; and the third preset value is less than or equal to 0.6 and greater than or equal to 0.3.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a coal mine roadway ventilation control system, wherein the coal mine roadway ventilation control system is applied to any of the coal mine roadway ventilation control methods of the first aspect, and the coal mine roadway ventilation control system includes: First alleyway; The second tunnel; one end of the first tunnel and one end of the second tunnel are connected at a preset angle to form a negative pressure environment; fresh air circulates sequentially along the first tunnel and the second tunnel; A ventilation assembly is disposed on the side wall of a first or second passageway; the ventilation assembly includes a first support unit; the first support unit includes a first support module and a first roller shutter module; one end of the first support unit is connected to the side wall of the first or second passageway and extends away from the side wall; the first roller shutter module is slidably connected to the first support module along a first direction; the ventilation assembly includes a first unfolded state; in the first unfolded state, the first support unit extends in the first direction, and the first roller shutter module moves along the first direction and blocks part of the cross-section of the first or second passageway.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first support module includes a first main body and a first slide groove; the first roller blind module includes a first sliding part, a first connecting part and a first roller blind part; one end of the first main body is connected to the sidewall of the second lane; the first slide groove is disposed on the first main body; a plurality of first sliding parts are sequentially slidably disposed in the first slide groove; one end of the first connecting part is connected to the side of the first sliding part away from the first slide groove, and the other end is connected to the first roller blind part; in the first unfolded state, the first roller blind part covers part of the cross section of the first lane or the second lane along a first direction.

[0015] In some embodiments, the ventilation assembly further includes a second support unit; the second support unit includes a second support module and a second roller blind module; the second support module includes a second main body and a second slide groove; the second roller blind module includes a third sliding part, a second connecting part, and a second roller blind part; one end of the second main body is rotatably connected to the end of the first main body away from the sidewall at a first preset angle; the second slide groove is disposed on the second main body; a plurality of third sliding parts are sequentially slidably disposed in the second slide groove; one end of the second connecting part is connected to the side of the third sliding part away from the second slide groove, and the other end is connected to the second roller blind part; the ventilation assembly further includes a second unfolded state, in which the second main body rotates from one end of the first main body at a first preset angle in a direction away from the first main body; the second roller blind part moves along a direction close to the first main body and blocks part of the cross section of the first or second tunnel.

[0016] In some embodiments, the second support unit further includes a linkage module; the linkage module includes a tension rope and a tension linkage part; the tension linkage part is located at the end of the second main body that is away from the first main body; one end of the tension rope is connected to a first sliding part in the first slide groove near the second main body, and the other end is wound around the tension linkage part and connected to a third sliding part in the second slide groove near the first main body; the ventilation assembly also includes a retracted state; driving the ventilation assembly into the retracted state includes: driving the first sliding part in the first slide groove near the second main body to slide away from the second main body, and the first roller blind is retracted into the first retracted state; based on the first sliding part sliding in the first slide groove, the tension rope is wound around the tension linkage part and pulls the third sliding part to slide in the second slide groove, and the second roller blind is retracted into the second retracted state; driving the second support unit to rotate to be relatively parallel to the first support unit, and the first roller blind in the first retracted state and the second roller blind in the second retracted state have their orthographic projections along the first direction coincide.

[0017] To address the safety hazards caused by the accumulation of harmful gases in coal mine roadways, this invention has the following advantages: By controlling the concentration of harmful gases at the connection point between the first and second roadways at a preset angle, and automatically controlling the deployment of ventilation components according to preset rules, the airflow distribution in that area can be directly and specifically adjusted. Specifically, when the ventilation components are not deployed, the fresh air flow ratio Q1 / Q2 in the target area is greater than a first preset value, indicating that the airflow mainly flows towards the side closest to the longwall mining face. After the ventilation components are deployed, the target flow ratio QS1 / QS2 becomes less than the first preset value, confirming that the ventilation components effectively increase the proportion of fresh air flowing to the connection point between the first and second roadways at a preset angle. This adjustment allows harmful gases that would otherwise easily stagnate and accumulate at corners to be effectively dispersed and carried away by the enhanced airflow, thereby reducing the risk of gas accumulation in that local area and improving the safety and reliability of the ventilation system. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a coal mine roadway ventilation control method according to one embodiment is shown; Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the method in step S20; Figure 3 A top view of a coal mine roadway ventilation control system according to one embodiment is shown; Figure 4 It shows Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the central ventilation system; Figure 5 It shows Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the first and second support units; Figure 6 It shows Figure 3 A magnified view of part A in the image.

[0019] Figure label: In the diagram, 10 is the first tunnel; 20 is the second tunnel; 30 is the third tunnel; 40 is the ventilation assembly; 41 is the first drive unit; 411 is the cylinder body; 412 is the drive rod; 42 is the first support unit; 421 is the first support module; 4211 is the first main body; 4212 is the first slide rail; 422 is the first roller shutter module; 4221 is the first sliding part; 4222 is the second sliding part; 4223 is the first connecting part; 4224 is the first roller shutter part; 423 is the fixing module; 43 is the second drive unit; 43 is the second drive unit; 1. Drive unit; 432. First rotating part; 433. Second rotating part; 434. Rotating rod; 435. Limiting part; 44. Second support unit; 441. Second support module; 4411. Second main body part; 4412. Second slide groove; 442. Second roller blind module; 4421. Third sliding part; 4422. Fourth sliding part; 4423. Second connecting part; 4424. Second roller blind part; 443. Linkage module; 4431. Pull rope; 4432. Pull linkage part; 4433. Pull balance part. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The invention will now be discussed with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are described merely to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the invention, and are not intended to imply any limitation on the scope of the invention.

[0021] As used herein, the term "comprising" and its variations are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "at least partially based on". The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment". The term "another embodiment" is to be interpreted as "at least one other embodiment". The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing the invention and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Furthermore, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides orientations or positional relationships; for example, the term "upper" may in some cases indicate a dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "installed", "set", "equipped with", "connected", and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (the specific types and structures may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0022] Coal mines typically employ negative pressure ventilation, relying on ventilation equipment to create negative pressure within the roadway, driving fresh air flow to dilute and expel harmful gases. However, in this ventilation environment, when airflow passes through bends or junctions in the roadway, due to the inherent fluid-like property of concentrating on the path of least resistance, fresh air primarily flows along the side closer to the longwall face, resulting in significantly insufficient fresh airflow in the corner areas on the other side away from the working face. This uneven airflow distribution makes it easy for dead zones to form in these corner areas, where harmful gases are difficult to effectively remove and gradually accumulate, posing a safety hazard. Therefore, how to improve the uniformity of the flow field at specific junctions in negative pressure ventilation and prevent the local accumulation of harmful gases has become a pressing technical problem to be solved in this field.

[0023] Example 1 This embodiment discloses a method for controlling ventilation in coal mine roadways, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the coal mine roadway ventilation control method includes steps S10-S20: Step S10: Obtain the concentration of harmful gases in the target area based on the tunnel environment; wherein, the tunnel environment includes a negative pressure environment in which fresh air flows sequentially along the first tunnel 10 and the second tunnel 20; such as Figure 3 The arrows shown indicate the direction of fresh air flow. The fresh air follows a preset flow path, entering from the first tunnel 10 and flowing sequentially through the first tunnel 10 and the second tunnel 20 under negative pressure before being discharged. The target area includes at least the connection point where one end of the first tunnel 10 and one end of the second tunnel 20 are connected at a preset angle. The target area includes two equal-area first cross-sections and second cross-sections set sequentially along a first direction. The first direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the fresh air flow direction. The first cross-section is closer to the side of the fully mechanized mining face, while the second cross-section is closer to the connection point of the first tunnel 10 and the second tunnel 20. Setting two equal-area first cross-sections and second cross-sections provides a clear physical benchmark for subsequent comparison of air volume, which can objectively reflect the distribution of airflow within the target area.

[0024] In step S20, based on the preset rules for the concentration of harmful gases in the target area, the ventilation components 40 located around the target area are driven into the deployed state. Before deployment, the ratio between the first fresh air flow rate Q1 of the first cross-section and the second fresh air flow rate Q2 of the second cross-section is greater than a first preset value. When the ventilation components 40 are not deployed, under negative pressure, the airflow tends to choose the shortest path, and most of the fresh air flows through the first cross-section area near the working face, while the airflow through the second cross-section area near the tunnel connection is relatively small. This is manifested in the ratio (Q1 / Q2) of the first fresh air flow rate Q1 of the first cross-section and the second fresh air flow rate Q2 of the second cross-section being greater than a first preset value. This airflow distribution is the root cause of the easy accumulation of harmful gases.

[0025] It is understandable that the fresh air flow rate is, for example, the volume of fresh air flowing through the first or second cross-section of the same area per unit time, subject to the actual application.

[0026] Specifically, in the deployed state, the ratio between the first target flow rate QS1 of the first cross-section and the second target flow rate QS2 of the second cross-section is less than a first preset value. When the ventilation component 40 is driven into the deployed state according to the harmful gas concentration rule, the ventilation component 40 extends into the ventilation section of the roadway, thereby locally changing the ventilation path of the roadway, causing some of the fresh air that was originally going to flow through the first cross-section to be diverted and flow to the second cross-section area. Therefore, in the deployed state, the ratio (QS1 / QS2) between the first target flow rate QS1 of the first cross-section and the second target flow rate QS2 of the second cross-section becomes less than the first preset value.

[0027] Understandably, the change in the ratio from being greater than the first preset value to being less than the first preset value indicates that the deployment of the ventilation component 40 essentially involves a targeted airflow guidance and distribution, actively increasing the proportion of airflow directed towards the tunnel connection area where harmful gases tend to accumulate. The enhanced airflow can directly flush the connection area, carrying away the accumulated harmful gases into the main airflow, thus solving the problem of harmful gases being difficult to expel from the tunnel connection area under negative pressure ventilation due to uneven distribution of fresh air.

[0028] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, step S20, based on the preset rules for the concentration of harmful gases in the target area, drives the ventilation components 40 located around the target area to enter the deployed state, including step S21: Step S21: Based on the fact that the concentration of harmful gas in the target area is greater than or equal to a first preset concentration and less than a second preset concentration, the ventilation assembly 40 located on the periphery of the target area is driven into a first state; wherein, the unfolded state includes the first state; in the first state, the first support unit 42 of the ventilation assembly 40 extends in a first direction, specifically along a first direction perpendicular to the fresh air flow direction, into the alley space; the first roller shutter portion 4224 of the first support unit 42 at least partially covers the first cross-section along the first direction, and the first roller shutter portion 4224 at least partially covers the first cross-section in spatial position, due to the first A roller shutter 4224 physically obstructs part of the first cross-section, increasing the local ventilation resistance of the fresh air flow through this area. This causes some of the fresh air originally intended to pass through this area to flow towards the unobstructed area of ​​the first cross-section, specifically towards the area near the second cross-section where the tunnel connects. Therefore, in the first state, although the obstruction is partial, it effectively changes the ratio of fresh air flow between the first and second cross-sections, shifting it from an initial higher value to a decreasing one, thus achieving an initial enhancement of ventilation in the area connecting the first tunnel 10 and the second tunnel 20. When the first preset concentration is lower than the second preset concentration, indicating that harmful gases are beginning to accumulate but have not yet reached a higher dangerous level, the system needs to intervene initially.

[0029] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, step S21, based on the preset rules for the concentration of harmful gases in the target area, drives the ventilation components 40 located around the target area to enter the deployed state, and also includes step S22: Step S22: Based on the fact that the concentration of harmful gas in the target area is greater than or equal to the second preset concentration, the ventilation component 40 located on the periphery of the target area is driven into the second state; wherein, the unfolded state includes the second state; in the second state, the second support unit 44 of the ventilation component 40 extends from one end of the first support unit 42 at a first preset angle in a direction away from the first support unit 42, and the structure formed by the second support unit 44 in the target area changes the path of the airflow; the second roller shutter portion 4424 of the second support unit 44 at least partially blocks the first cross section along the direction close to the first support unit 42.

[0030] Specifically, the first preset angle is greater than 0 degrees and less than 180 degrees, preferably 90 degrees, and the specific value of the first preset angle is subject to actual application. The second roller shutter 4424 moves towards the first support unit 42 and partially blocks the first cross-section. This works in conjunction with the action of the first roller shutter 4224 in the first state, further increasing the resistance of fresh air passing directly through the first cross-section. Combining the extension direction of the second support unit 44 with the blocking action of the second roller shutter 4424 not only hinders the tendency of fresh air to flow along the original short path, but also allows the second roller shutter 4424 to direct more fresh air to the area where the first alley 10 and the second alley 20 connect, i.e., the area where the second cross-section is located. Therefore, in the second state, the ratio of fresh air flow to the first cross-section will further decrease, thereby achieving a greater ventilation enhancement in the area where the first alley 10 and the second alley 20 connect to cope with the accumulation of higher concentrations of harmful gases.

[0031] In this embodiment, the first state further includes: The ratio between the third fresh air flow rate Q3 of the first cross section and the fourth fresh air flow rate Q4 of the second cross section is greater than the second preset value; the first preset value is greater than the second preset value.

[0032] Specifically, before the ventilation assembly 40 is deployed, the ventilation volume ratio Q1 / Q2 is greater than the first preset value, reflecting that most of the fresh air flows through the first cross-section. When the ventilation assembly 40 enters the first state, the first roller shutter 4224 moves along the first direction and at least partially blocks the first cross-section. This blocking increases the local resistance of the fresh air passing through the area where the first cross-section is located, causing some of the fresh air to be diverted to the area where the second cross-section is located. Therefore, the fourth fresh air flow rate Q4 flowing through the second cross-section will increase compared to the second fresh air flow rate Q2 before the ventilation assembly 40 is deployed, while the third fresh air flow rate Q3 flowing through the first cross-section will decrease accordingly compared to the first fresh air flow rate Q1 before the ventilation assembly 40 is deployed, resulting in a decrease in their ratio. The first preset value being greater than the second preset value means that more fresh air is allocated to the area at the connection between the first passageway 10 and the second passageway 20, i.e., the second cross-section area, thereby beginning to flush away the harmful gases accumulated in this area and achieving the initial effect of ventilation control.

[0033] In this embodiment, the second state further includes: The ratio between the fifth fresh air flow rate Q5 of the first cross section and the sixth fresh air flow rate Q6 of the second cross section is greater than the third preset value, and the third preset value is less than the first preset value and the second preset value.

[0034] Specifically, before the ventilation assembly 40 is deployed, the initial ventilation volume ratio Q1 / Q2 is greater than the first preset value. After entering the first state, the flow ratio becomes Q3 / Q4, which is greater than the second preset value but less than Q1 / Q2. When entering the second state, the flow ratio further becomes Q5 / Q6, which is greater than the third preset value but less than the first and second preset values. The further reduction in the flow ratio Q5 / Q6 is the result of the combined effect of the extension of the second support unit 44 and the obstruction of the second roller shutter 4424. The second state creates greater ventilation resistance to the first cross-sectional area than the first state, while more effectively guiding fresh air to the area where the second cross-section is located. Therefore, compared to the first state, the fifth fresh air flow Q5 flowing through the first cross-section is further reduced in the second state, while the sixth fresh air flow Q6 flowing through the second cross-section is further increased. Since the third preset value is the smallest of the three preset values, this means that in the second state, the proportion of fresh air flowing to the area where the first aisle 10 and the second aisle 20 connect, i.e., the second cross-sectional area, reaches its highest level. This change can cope with the accumulation of higher concentrations of harmful gases and achieve a ventilation and flushing effect on the area where the first tunnel 10 and the second tunnel 20 connect.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figure 3As shown, the tunnel environment also includes a third tunnel 30; fresh air circulates sequentially along the first tunnel 10, the second tunnel 20, and the third tunnel 30; the target area also includes the connection point where one end of the second tunnel 20 and one end of the third tunnel 30 are connected at a preset angle. The preset angle is greater than 0 degrees and less than 180 degrees, and the specific value is subject to actual application.

[0036] Understandably, in areas with multiple tunnel connections, harmful gases may accumulate at any one of the connections. By including at least two connections—one end of the first tunnel 10 and one end of the second tunnel 20 connected at a preset angle; and one end of the second tunnel 20 and one end of the third tunnel 30 connected at a preset angle—in the target area, it is demonstrated that the concentration of harmful gases at these two key locations can be monitored simultaneously. When the gas concentration at any tunnel connection area reaches a preset rule, the ventilation component 40 can be activated. This makes this method applicable not only to single tunnel scenarios but also adaptable to the more common ventilation system structure with multiple tunnels connected in series. By implementing independent monitoring and on-demand control of multiple tunnel connection areas, this method can prevent the accumulation of harmful gases throughout the ventilation path, thereby improving the overall ventilation safety management capability for complex tunnels.

[0037] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, step S20, based on the preset rules for the concentration of harmful gases in the target area, drives the ventilation components 40 located around the target area to enter the deployed state, and also includes step S23: Step S23: Based on the fact that the concentration of harmful gas in the target area is less than the first preset concentration, drive the ventilation component 40 into a retracted state; the retracted state includes the second support unit 44 rotating to be parallel to the first support unit 42, the first roller blind 4224 sliding away from the second support unit 44 to the first retracted state, and the second roller blind 4424 sliding away from the first support unit 42 to the second retracted state, wherein the first roller blind 4224 in the first retracted state and the second roller blind 4424 in the second retracted state have their orthographic projections along the first direction coincide.

[0038] Specifically, the actions for the retracted state include: First, the second support unit 44 rotates to a position parallel to the first support unit 42. This rotation eliminates the extension of the second support unit 44 into the tunnel space at a first preset angle. Simultaneously, the first roller shutter 4224 slides away from the second support unit 44 until it reaches the first retracted state, and the second roller shutter 4424 slides away from the first support unit 42 until it reaches the second retracted state. In the first retracted state, the spatial position of the first roller shutter 4224 and the spatial position of the second roller shutter 4424 in the second retracted state are coincidentally projected along the first direction. This structural relationship means that when the ventilation assembly 40 is fully retracted, the first roller shutter 4224 and the second roller shutter 4424 occupy the same narrow vertical space in the transverse direction of the first tunnel 10 or the second tunnel 20. The rotation and reset of the second support unit 44, and the sliding of the two roller shutters to their overlapping retracted states, ensure that all movable parts of the ventilation assembly 40 are compactly concentrated in the same local area on either the first lane 10 or the second lane 20 during non-operating periods. This minimizes the occupancy of the ventilation assembly 40 on the effective cross-section of the first lane 10 or the second lane 20, thus providing ample, unobstructed passage for pedestrians and transport vehicles, and guaranteeing the normal transport and operation functions of the first lane 10 and the second lane 20 when forced ventilation is not required. The entire retraction process enables automatic and rapid switching between ventilation and passage functions.

[0039] In this embodiment, the first preset value is greater than 1; the second preset value is less than 1 and greater than or equal to 0.7; and the third preset value is less than or equal to 0.6 and greater than or equal to 0.3.

[0040] Understandably, in a negative pressure environment, fresh air naturally tends to flow through the first cross-section closest to the fully mechanized mining face. A flow ratio Q1 / Q2 greater than 1 indicates an uneven distribution where the amount of fresh air flowing through the first cross-section is greater than the amount flowing through the second cross-section when the ventilation assembly 40 is not deployed. When the ventilation assembly 40 enters the first state, the second preset value for the flow ratio Q3 / Q4 is limited to less than 1 and greater than or equal to 0.7. This means that in the first state, although the airflow through the first cross-section may still be greater than that through the second cross-section (the ratio is close but less than 1), its unevenness has been significantly reduced compared to the initial ratio greater than 1. This numerical range allows the ventilation assembly 40 in the first state to redistribute a portion of the fresh air to the area connecting the first roadway 10 and the second roadway 20. In the second state, the third preset value of the flow ratio Q5 / Q6 is limited to less than or equal to 0.6 and greater than or equal to 0.3, indicating that in the second state, the air volume flowing through the first cross-section is significantly reduced compared to the air volume of the second cross-section. This forces most of the fresh air to be diverted and mainly flows to the area where the first lane 10 and the second lane 20 connect to cope with the accumulation of higher concentrations of harmful gases in that area.

[0041] It is understandable that the first, second, and third preset values ​​are only examples and there are no specific requirements for their values. The actual application shall prevail.

[0042] Example 2 This embodiment discloses a ventilation control system for coal mine roadways, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the coal mine roadway ventilation control system includes: Lane 10; Second lane 20; wherein, one end of the first lane 10 and one end of the second lane 20 are connected at a preset angle to form a negative pressure environment; fresh air flows sequentially along the first lane 10 and the second lane 20; under negative pressure environment, fresh air enters from the first lane 10 and flows sequentially through the first lane 10 and the second lane 20.

[0043] Ventilation component 40, such as Figure 4As shown, the ventilation assembly 40 is connected to the side wall of the first passageway 10 or the second passageway 20 via a fixing module 423. The ventilation assembly 40 includes a first support unit 42; the first support unit 42 includes a first support module 421 and a first roller shutter module 422; one end of the first support unit 42 is connected to the side wall of the first passageway 10 or the second passageway 20 and extends away from the side wall, i.e., extends into the interior space of the first passageway 10 or the second passageway 20; the first roller shutter module 422 is slidably connected to the first support module 421 along a first direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the direction of fresh air flow; the ventilation assembly 40 includes a first unfolded state; in the first unfolded state, the first support unit 42 extends in the first direction, and the first roller shutter module 422 moves along the first direction and blocks a portion of the cross-section of the first passageway 10 or the second passageway 20. The movement of the first roller shutter module 422 allows it to enter the ventilation section of the first passageway 10 or the second passageway 20 spatially and blocks a portion of the cross-section of the first passageway 10 or the second passageway 20. Because the first roller shutter module 422 physically blocks part of the tunnel cross-section after sliding, it changes the ventilation resistance of that local area. When fresh air flows to this area, the airflow resistance of the blocked part increases, causing some fresh air to bypass the blocked area and flow to other unblocked areas within the same tunnel cross-section, especially the cross-section closer to the connection between the first tunnel 10 and the second tunnel 20. This achieves physical adjustment of the local airflow distribution in the first tunnel 10 or the second tunnel 20, providing a physical structure for the control method to perform the airflow redistribution function.

[0044] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first support module 421 includes a first main body 4211 and a first sliding groove 4212; the first roller blind module 422 includes a first sliding part 4221, a first connecting part 4223, and a first roller blind part 4224; one end of the first main body 4211 is connected to the side wall of the second aisle 20, so that the entire first support unit 42 is stably installed on the side wall of the second aisle 20; the first sliding groove 4212 is provided on the first main body 4211, forming the sliding track of the first roller blind module 422; multiple first sliding parts 4221 are sequentially slidably disposed in the first sliding groove 4212, so that the first roller blind part 4224... The movement of the curtain module 422 can be smoothly carried out within the first slide groove 4212 by multiple first sliding parts 4221; one end of the first connecting part 4223 is connected to the side of the first sliding part 4221 away from the first slide groove 4212, and the other end is connected to the first roller blind part 4224. The function of the first connecting part 4223 is to convert the linear movement of the first sliding part 4221 in the slide groove into the unfolding and retracting movement of the first roller blind part 4224 along the first direction; in the first unfolded state, the first roller blind part 4224 blocks part of the cross section of the first lane 10 or the second lane 20 along the first direction.

[0045] Specifically, in the first deployed state, the first sliding part 4221 slides along a set direction within the first sliding groove 4212, driving the first roller shutter part 4224 to move along a first direction via the first connecting part 4223. The first roller shutter part 4224 enters the ventilation section of the first roadway 10 or the second roadway 20, blocking the area near the fully mechanized mining face in the cross-section of the first roadway 10 or the second roadway 20. Through the cooperation of the first sliding groove 4212 and multiple first sliding parts 4221, the first roller shutter part 4224 can achieve deployment and retraction along the first direction. When the first roller shutter part 4224 is deployed and blocks part of the cross-section of the first roadway 10 or the second roadway 20, it directly increases the local ventilation resistance of fresh air passing through the blocked area. This change in resistance forces some fresh air to change its flow direction, passing more through the unblocked area in the same cross-section, that is, flowing towards the section of the first roadway 10 or the second roadway 20 near the connection area between the first roadway 10 and the second roadway 20.

[0046] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the ventilation assembly 40 also includes a second support unit 44; the second support unit 44 includes a second support module 441 and a second roller blind module 442; the second support module 441 includes a second main body portion 4411 and a second sliding groove 4412; the second roller blind module 442 includes a third sliding portion 4421, a second connecting portion 4423 and a second roller blind portion 4424; one end of the second main body portion 4411 is rotatably connected to the end of the first main body portion 4411 away from the side at a first preset angle; the second sliding groove 4412 is provided on the second main body portion 4411; a plurality of third sliding portions 4421, 4422, and 4423 are provided on the second main body portion 4411; 421 is slidably disposed in the second slide groove 4412; one end of the second connecting part 4423 is connected to the side of the third sliding part 4421 away from the second slide groove 4412, and the other end is connected to the second roller shutter part 4424; the ventilation assembly 40 also includes a second unfolded state, in which the second main body part 4411 rotates from one end of the first main body part 4211 away from the first main body part 4211 at a first preset angle; the second roller shutter part 4424 moves along the direction close to the first main body part 4211 and blocks part of the cross section of the first lane 10 or the second lane 20.

[0047] Specifically, such as Figure 6As shown, the second drive unit 43 includes a drive part 431, a first rotating part 432, a second rotating part 433, a rotating rod 434, and a limiting part 435. The first rotating part 432 is connected to the first main body part 4211, and the second rotating part 433 is connected to the second main body part 4411. The first rotating part 432 and the second rotating part 433 are sleeved on the rotating rod 434. The second rotating part 433 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 434, and the first rotating part 432 is rotatably connected to the rotating rod 434. The drive part 431 is drivenly connected to the rotating rod 434, and the limiting part 435 is spaced apart from the first rotating part 432 at the bottom of the rotating rod 434.

[0048] Specifically, when entering the second unfolded state, the second main body 4411 is driven to rotate and unfold at a first preset angle away from the first main body 4211 by the second drive unit 43. Simultaneously, the second roller shutter 4424 moves towards the first main body 4211. The second main body 4411 rotates and extends into the space of the first passageway 10 or the second passageway 20 at a preset angle greater than 0 degrees and less than 180 degrees, guiding the incoming fresh air. At the same time, the second roller shutter 4424 and the first roller shutter 4224 in the first unfolded state form a spatial synergy, providing more effective shielding of the fresh air flowing through the first cross-section. Adding the second support unit 44 to the first support unit 42 provides greater ventilation resistance and a more defined airflow guidance path than the single first support unit 42. It forces a larger proportion of the fresh air to change its flow trend along the first cross-section, being more effectively guided and flowing through the area connecting the first passageway 10 and the second passageway 20: i.e., the second cross-section area, thereby addressing the higher concentration of harmful gas accumulation in this area.

[0049] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the second support unit 44 further includes a linkage module 443; the linkage module 443 includes a tension rope 4431, a tension linkage part 4432, and a tension balance part 4433; the tension linkage part 4432 is located at one end of the second main body 4411 away from the first main body 4211; one end of the tension rope 4431 is connected to a first sliding part 4221 in the first slide groove 4212 near the second main body 4411, and the other end is wound around the tension linkage part 4432 and connected to a first sliding part 4221 in the second slide groove 4412 near the first main body 4411. A third sliding part 4421 is connected to a main body 4211, and a tension balancing part 4433 is connected to a second main body 4411. The second roller blind module 442 also includes a fourth sliding part 4422, which is connected to the bottom of a third sliding part 4421 in the second slide groove 4412 near the first main body 4211. The other end of the tension rope 4431 is connected to the fourth sliding part 4422, and the other end of the tension rope 4431 is connected to the tension balancing part 4433. A limiting structure is provided at the bottom of the tension linkage part 4432 to prevent the tension rope 4431 from falling off the bottom of the tension linkage part 4432; the ventilation assembly 40 also includes a retracted state; driving the ventilation assembly 40 into the retracted state includes: driving a first sliding part 4221 in the first slide groove 4212 near the second main body part 4411 to slide away from the second main body part 4411. This sliding action causes the first roller shutter part 4224 to move towards the side of the first support module 421 closer to the fully mechanized mining face. 224 is retracted to the first retracted state; based on the first sliding part 4221 sliding in the first slide groove 4212, the tension rope 4431 is wound around the tension linkage part 4432 and pulls the third sliding part 4421 to slide in the second slide groove 4412, and the second roller blind part 4424 is retracted to the second retracted state; the second support unit 44 is driven to rotate to be relatively parallel to the first support unit 42, and the first roller blind part 4224 in the first retracted state and the second roller blind part 4424 in the second retracted state coincide in the orthographic projection along the first direction.

[0050] Specifically, the first drive unit 41 drives a first sliding part 4221 in the first slide groove 4212 near the second main body 4411 to slide away from the second main body 4411. The first drive unit 41 includes a cylinder part 411 and a drive rod 412, which are drivenly connected. The first roller blind module 422 also includes a second sliding part 4222. The top of the second sliding part 4222 is connected to the drive rod 412, and the side end of the second sliding part 4222 is connected to a first sliding part 4221 near the second main body 4411. The drive rod 412 drives the first sliding part 4221 connected to the second sliding part 4222 in the first slide groove 4212 to slide by driving the second sliding part 4222, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the first roller blind part 4224.

[0051] Since the first sliding part 4221 is connected to one end of the tension rope 4431, its sliding away from the second main body 4411 will pull the tension rope 4431. After the tension rope 4431 passes through the tension linkage part 4432, the direction of the tension at its other end changes, thereby pulling the third sliding part 4421 to slide in the second slide groove 4412 through the tension balance part 4433. The sliding of the third sliding part 4421 drives the second curtain part 4424 to move towards the side of the second support module 441 away from the fully mechanized mining face through the second connecting part 4423, so that it is retracted to the second retracted state.

[0052] When the ventilation assembly 40 is driven into the unfolded state, the second roller blind portion 4424 needs to move in a direction close to the first main body portion 4211 to perform a blocking action. This unfolding action is achieved by the tension balance portion 4433. Specifically, the driving force acts on the tension balance portion 4433, driving the third sliding portion 4421 to slide in the second slide groove 4412 in a direction close to the first main body portion 4211. The sliding of the third sliding portion 4421 drives the second roller blind portion 4424 to unfold through the second connecting portion 4423. At the same time, the third sliding portion 4421 drives the tension rope 4431 to move through the tension balance portion 4433. After the tension rope 4431 passes through the tension linkage portion 4432, it allows the first sliding portion 4221 to make corresponding adaptive sliding in the first slide groove 4212 to ensure smooth linkage.

[0053] After the roller blind section retracts, the second support unit 44 is driven to rotate until the second main body section 4411 is parallel to the first main body section 4211. At this time, the first roller blind section 4224 in the first retracted state and the second roller blind section 4424 in the second retracted state have their orthographic projections along the first direction coincide.

[0054] The movement of the first sliding part 4221 and the third sliding part 4421 are mechanically linked by the combination of the tension rope 4431, the tension linkage part 4432, and the tension balance part 4433. When retracting, only the first sliding part 4221 needs to be driven to synchronously drive the third sliding part 4421 to perform a coordinated retraction action via the linkage module 443. When it is necessary to unfold the second roller blind 4424, the unfolding and sliding of the third sliding part 4421 is directly controlled by driving the tension balance part 4433.

[0055] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific examples of implementing the present invention, and in practical applications, various changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling ventilation in coal mine roadways, characterized in that, include: The concentration of harmful gases in the target area is obtained based on the tunnel environment; wherein, the tunnel environment includes a negative pressure environment in which fresh air flows sequentially along the first tunnel and the second tunnel; the target area includes at least a connection point where one end of the first tunnel and one end of the second tunnel are connected at a preset angle; the target area includes two first cross-sections and a second cross-section with equal areas arranged sequentially along a first direction; Based on the preset rules for the concentration of harmful gases in the target area, the ventilation components located around the target area are driven into the deployed state; before the deployed state, the ratio between the first fresh air flow rate Q1 of the first cross-section and the second fresh air flow rate Q2 of the second cross-section is greater than a first preset value; in the deployed state, the ratio between the first target flow rate QS1 of the first cross-section and the second target flow rate QS2 of the second cross-section is less than the first preset value.

2. The method for controlling ventilation in coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the preset rules for the concentration of harmful gases in the target area, driving the ventilation components located around the target area into the deployed state includes: Based on the fact that the concentration of harmful gas in the target area is greater than or equal to a first preset concentration and less than a second preset concentration, the ventilation components located on the periphery of the target area are driven into a first state; wherein, the unfolded state includes the first state; in the first state, the first support unit of the ventilation component extends in the first direction, and the first roller shutter portion of the first support unit at least partially covers the first cross-section along the first direction; the first preset concentration is less than the second preset concentration.

3. The method for controlling ventilation in coal mine roadways according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the preset rules for the concentration of harmful gases in the target area, driving the ventilation components located around the target area into the deployed state further includes: Based on the fact that the concentration of harmful gas in the target area is greater than or equal to the second preset concentration, the ventilation component located on the periphery of the target area is driven into a second state; wherein, the unfolded state includes the second state; in the second state, the second support unit of the ventilation component extends from one end of the first support unit at a first preset angle in a direction away from the first support unit; the second roller shutter portion of the second support unit at least partially covers the first cross section along the direction close to the first support unit.

4. The method for controlling ventilation in coal mine roadways according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first state also includes: The ratio between the third fresh air flow rate Q3 of the first cross section and the fourth fresh air flow rate Q4 of the second cross section is greater than the second preset value; the first preset value is greater than the second preset value.

5. A method for controlling ventilation in coal mine roadways according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second state also includes: The ratio between the fifth fresh air flow rate Q5 of the first cross section and the sixth fresh air flow rate Q6 of the second cross section is greater than a third preset value, and the third preset value is less than the first preset value and the second preset value.

6. The method for controlling ventilation in coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel environment also includes a third tunnel; the fresh air circulates sequentially along the first tunnel, the second tunnel, and the third tunnel; wherein, the target area also includes a connection point where one end of the second tunnel and one end of the third tunnel are connected at the preset angle.

7. A method for controlling ventilation in coal mine roadways according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: Based on the fact that the concentration of harmful gas in the target area is less than the first preset concentration, the ventilation component is driven to enter a retracted state; the retracted state includes the second support unit rotating to be parallel to the first support unit, the first roller blind sliding away from the second support unit to a first retracted state, and the second roller blind sliding away from the first support unit to a second retracted state, wherein the first roller blind in the first retracted state and the second roller blind in the second retracted state have their orthographic projections along the first direction coincide.

8. A method for controlling ventilation in coal mine roadways according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first preset value is greater than 1; the second preset value is less than 1 and greater than or equal to 0.7; and the third preset value is less than or equal to 0.6 and greater than or equal to 0.

3.

9. A ventilation control system for coal mine roadways, characterized in that, The coal mine roadway ventilation control system is applied to the coal mine roadway ventilation control method according to any one of claims 1-8, and the coal mine roadway ventilation control system includes: First alleyway; The second tunnel; wherein one end of the first tunnel and one end of the second tunnel are connected at a preset angle to form a negative pressure environment; fresh air flows sequentially along the first tunnel and the second tunnel; A ventilation assembly is disposed on the side wall of the first or second tunnel; the ventilation assembly includes a first support unit; the first support unit includes a first support module and a first roller shutter module; one end of the first support unit is connected to the side wall of the first or second tunnel and extends away from the side wall; the first roller shutter module is slidably connected to the first support module along a first direction; the ventilation assembly includes a first unfolded state; in the first unfolded state, the first support unit extends in the first direction, and the first roller shutter module moves along the first direction and blocks part of the cross-section of the first or second tunnel.

10. A coal mine roadway ventilation control system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first support module includes a first main body and a first sliding groove; the first roller blind module includes a first sliding part, a first connecting part, and a first roller blind part; one end of the first main body is connected to the side wall of the second lane; the first sliding groove is disposed on the first main body; a plurality of the first sliding parts are sequentially slidably disposed in the first sliding groove; one end of the first connecting part is connected to the side of the first sliding part away from the first sliding groove, and the other end is connected to the first roller blind part; in the first unfolded state, the first roller blind part covers part of the cross section of the first lane or the second lane along the first direction.

11. A coal mine roadway ventilation control system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The ventilation assembly further includes a second support unit; the second support unit includes a second support module and a second roller blind module; the second support module includes a second main body and a second sliding groove; the second roller blind module includes a third sliding part, a second connecting part, and a second roller blind part; one end of the second main body is rotatably connected to the end of the first main body away from the sidewall at a first preset angle; the second sliding groove is disposed on the second main body; a plurality of the third sliding parts are sequentially slidably disposed in the second sliding groove; one end of the second connecting part is connected to the side of the third sliding part away from the second sliding groove, and the other end is connected to the second roller blind part; the ventilation assembly further includes a second unfolded state, in which the second main body rotates from one end of the first main body away from the first main body at the first preset angle in a direction away from the first main body; the second roller blind part moves along a direction close to the first main body and blocks part of the cross section of the first or second alleyway.

12. A coal mine roadway ventilation control system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second support unit further includes a linkage module; the linkage module includes a tension rope and a tension linkage part; the tension linkage part is located at the end of the second main body away from the first main body; one end of the tension rope is connected to a first sliding part in the first groove near the second main body, and the other end is wound around the tension linkage part and connected to a third sliding part in the second groove near the first main body; the ventilation assembly also includes a retracted state; Driving the ventilation assembly into the retracted state includes: driving a first sliding part in the first slide groove near the second main body to slide away from the second main body, and the first roller blind part retracts to the first retracted state; Based on the first sliding part sliding in the first groove, the tension rope wraps around the tension linkage part and pulls the third sliding part to slide in the second groove, and the second roller blind part is closed to the second closed state; the second support unit is driven to rotate to be relatively parallel to the first support unit, and the first roller blind part in the first closed state and the second roller blind part in the second closed state have their orthogonal projections along the first direction coincide.

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