Method for inducing heat stress tolerance in plants

Abstract

The present application has an object to provide a technique for inducing heat stress tolerance in plants. In the present application, heat stress tolerance in plants is induced by using a combination of a substance having a property of changing amino acid metabolism in plants, such as valine, and a substance having auxin-like activity, such as indole-3-acetic acid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a technique for inducing plant tolerance to high temperature stress. Background Technology

[0002] Substances that have properties that alter the amino acid metabolism of plants (e.g., branched-chain amino acids such as valine and their related compounds) are known to have the function of inducing plant tolerance to high temperature stress (Patent Document 1).

[0003] It is known that auxins such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) can restore male sterility in plants caused by high temperatures (Non-Patent Literature 1).

[0004] Existing technical documents

[0005] Patent documents

[0006] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-197249

[0007] Non-patent literature

[0008] Non-patent document 1: Tadashi Sakata et al. Auxins reverse plant male sterility caused by high temperatures. Proc Natl Acad Sci US A. 2010 May 11;107(19):8569-74. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The problem the invention aims to solve

[0010] The technical problem of this invention is to provide a technique for inducing plant tolerance to high temperature stress.

[0011] Problem Solving Methods

[0012] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors conducted in-depth research and found that by combining substances that have the property of altering the amino acid metabolism of plants such as valine with substances that have auxin-like activity such as IAA and applying them to plants, the high temperature stress tolerance of plants can be significantly induced, thus completing the present invention.

[0013] That is, the present invention can be exemplified as follows. [1]

[0015] A composition for inducing heat stress tolerance in plants, comprising the following components (A) and (B):

[0016] (A) Substances that have the property of altering the amino acid metabolism of plants;

[0017] (B) Substances with auxin-like activity. [2]

[0019] According to the above composition, wherein,

[0020] The above-mentioned component (A) is one of the following components (A1), (A2), (A3), or a combination thereof:

[0021] (A1) is selected from one or more components of branched-chain amino acids and their intermediates in biosynthetic and consumption pathways;

[0022] (A2) Substances that have inhibitory activity against acetolactate synthase;

[0023] (A3) A substance with inhibitory activity against 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase. [3]

[0025] According to the above composition, wherein,

[0026] The above-mentioned component (A1) is one or more components selected from pyruvate, ketobutyric acid, acetolactate, acetylhydroxybutyric acid, 2,3-dihydroxyisovaleric acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylvaleric acid, α-ketoisovaleric acid, ketomethylvaleric acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3-isopropylmalic acid, ketoisocaproic acid, valine, leucine, isoleucine, and their derivatives. [4]

[0028] According to the above composition, wherein,

[0029] The above-mentioned component (A1) is selected from one or more of valine, leucine and α-ketoisovaleric acid. [5]

[0031] According to the above composition, wherein,

[0032] The above branched amino acids are L-forms. [6]

[0034] According to the above composition, wherein,

[0035] The above-mentioned component (A2) is one or more components selected from sulfonylureas, imidazoline compounds, pyrimidinyl salicylic acid compounds, triazolopyrimidine sulfonamides, pyrimidinyl (thio)benzoate compounds, sulfonylaniline compounds, and sulfonylaminocarbonyl triazolone compounds. [7]

[0037] According to the above composition, wherein,

[0038] The above-mentioned component (A3) is glyphosate. [8]

[0040] According to the above composition, wherein,

[0041] The above-mentioned component (B) is one or more components selected from indole-3-acetic acid, 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, naphthaleneacetic acid, naphthoxyacetic acid, phenylacetic acid, and their analogues. [9]

[0043] According to the above composition, wherein,

[0044] The above-mentioned component (B) is one or more components selected from indole-3-acetic acid and phenylacetic acid.

[10]

[0046] According to the above composition, it is used in liquid form, wherein the liquid contains the above component (A1) at a concentration of 200 μM to 200 mM.

[11]

[0048] According to the above composition, it is used in liquid form, wherein the liquid contains the above component (A2) at a concentration of 5 nM to 5 μM.

[12]

[0050] According to the above composition, it is used in liquid form, wherein the liquid contains the above component (A3) at a concentration of 500 nM to 100 μM.

[13]

[0052] According to the above composition, it is used in liquid form, wherein the liquid contains the above component (B) at a concentration of 500 nM to 500 μM.

[14]

[0054] According to the above composition, wherein,

[0055] The induction of high-temperature stress tolerance leads to a reduction in high-temperature stress symptoms.

[15]

[0057] According to the above composition, wherein,

[0058] The reduction of the above-mentioned high-temperature stress symptoms leads to an increase in plant yield.

[16]

[0060] According to the above composition, wherein,

[0061] The aforementioned plants include plants of the Poaceae family, Solanaceae family, Cucurbitaceae family, Fabaceae family, Brassicaceae family, Rosaceae family, Moraceae family, Malvaceae family, Apiaceae family, Liliaceae family, Asteraceae family, Amaranthaceae family, Ericaceae family, Vitaceae family, Rutaceae family, Rubiaceae family, Oleaceae family, Lauraceae family, Anacardiaceae family, Sapindaceae family, or Lamiaceae family.

[17]

[0063] A method for inducing heat stress tolerance in plants, the method comprising applying the following components (A) and (B) to the plants:

[0064] (A) Substances that have the property of altering the amino acid metabolism of plants;

[0065] (B) Substances with auxin-like activity.

[18]

[0067] A method for preparing plant matter, the method comprising:

[0068] Cultivating plants by applying the following ingredients (A) and (B), and

[0069] Harvest the plant.

[0070] (A) Substances that have the property of altering the amino acid metabolism of plants;

[0071] (B) Substances with auxin-like activity.

[19]

[0073] According to the above method, where,

[0074] The above-mentioned component (A) is one of the following components (A1), (A2), (A3), or a combination thereof:

[0075] (A1) is selected from one or more components of branched-chain amino acids and their intermediates in biosynthetic and consumption pathways;

[0076] (A2) Substances that have inhibitory activity against acetolactate synthase;

[0077] (A3) A substance with inhibitory activity against 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase.

[20]

[0079] According to the above method, where,

[0080] The above-mentioned component (A1) is one or more components selected from pyruvate, ketobutyric acid, acetolactate, acetylhydroxybutyric acid, 2,3-dihydroxyisovaleric acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylvaleric acid, α-ketoisovaleric acid, ketomethylvaleric acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3-isopropylmalic acid, ketoisocaproic acid, valine, leucine, isoleucine, and their derivatives. [twenty one]

[0082] According to the above method, where,

[0083] The above-mentioned component (A1) is selected from one or more of valine, leucine and α-ketoisovaleric acid. [twenty two]

[0085] According to the above method, where,

[0086] The above branched amino acids are L-forms. [twenty three]

[0088] According to the above method, where,

[0089] The above-mentioned component (A2) is one or more components selected from sulfonylureas, imidazoline compounds, pyrimidinyl salicylic acid compounds, triazolopyrimidine sulfonamides, pyrimidinyl (thio)benzoate compounds, sulfonylaniline compounds, and sulfonylaminocarbonyl triazolone compounds. [twenty four]

[0091] According to the above method, where,

[0092] The above-mentioned component (A3) is glyphosate.

[25]

[0094] According to the above method, where,

[0095] The above-mentioned component (B) is one or more components selected from indole-3-acetic acid, 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, naphthaleneacetic acid, naphthoxyacetic acid, phenylacetic acid, and their analogues.

[26]

[0097] According to the above method, where,

[0098] The above-mentioned component (B) is one or more components selected from indole-3-acetic acid and phenylacetic acid.

[27]

[0100] According to the above method, where,

[0101] The above-mentioned component (A1) is used in liquid form, and the liquid contains the component (A1) at a concentration of 200 μM to 200 mM.

[28]

[0103] According to the above method, where,

[0104] The above-mentioned component (A2) is used in liquid form, and the liquid contains the component (A2) at a concentration of 5 nM to 5 μM.

[29]

[0106] According to the above method, where,

[0107] The above-mentioned component (A3) is used in liquid form, and the liquid contains the component (A3) at a concentration of 500 nM to 100 μM.

[30]

[0109] According to the above method, where,

[0110] The above-mentioned component (B) is used in liquid form, and the liquid contains component (B) at a concentration of 500 nM to 500 μM.

[31]

[0112] According to the above method, where,

[0113] The induction of high-temperature stress tolerance leads to a reduction in high-temperature stress symptoms.

[32]

[0115] According to the above method, where,

[0116] The reduction of the above-mentioned high-temperature stress symptoms leads to an increase in plant yield.

[33]

[0118] According to the above method, where,

[0119] The aforementioned plants include plants of the Poaceae family, Solanaceae family, Cucurbitaceae family, Fabaceae family, Brassicaceae family, Rosaceae family, Moraceae family, Malvaceae family, Apiaceae family, Liliaceae family, Asteraceae family, Amaranthaceae family, Ericaceae family, Vitaceae family, Rutaceae family, Rubiaceae family, Oleaceae family, Lauraceae family, Anacardiaceae family, Sapindaceae family, or Lamiaceae family.

[0120] The effects of the invention

[0121] According to the present invention, it is possible to induce high temperature stress tolerance in plants. Attached Figure Description

[0122] Figure 1This is a photograph showing tomato plants that have undergone high-temperature stress treatment and Val and / or IAA treatment just before harvest.

[0123] Figure 2 This is a photograph showing harvested tomato fruits that have undergone high-temperature stress treatment as well as Val and / or IAA treatment.

[0124] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the cumulative number of tomato fruits subjected to high-temperature stress treatment as well as Val and / or IAA treatment.

[0125] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the number of tomato fruits subjected to high-temperature stress treatment and Val and / or PAA treatment.

[0126] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the weight of tomato fruits subjected to high-temperature stress treatment and Val and / or PAA treatment.

[0127] Figure 6 This is a figure showing the evaluation results of heat stress tolerance genes in tomatoes that have undergone high-temperature stress treatment and treatment with Val and / or auxin (IAA or PAA). Figure 6 'a' represents the result of SLHsFA2. Figure 6 b represents the result of SLAPX.

[0128] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the weight of tomato fruits subjected to high-temperature stress treatment and Val and / or PAA treatment (pot experiment). Ave represents the mean, and R1, R2, and R3 represent the values ​​of individual plants.

[0129] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the Brix (Brix degree) of tomato fruits subjected to high-temperature stress treatment and Val and / or PAA treatment (pot experiment). Ave represents the mean, and R1, R2, and R3 represent the values ​​of individual plants.

[0130] Figure 9 This is a graph showing the total seed weight, fertile seed weight, and seed setting of rice subjected to high temperature stress treatment and Val and / or PAA treatment. Figure 9 'a' represents the total weight of the seeds. Figure 9 The 'b' represents the weight of fertile seeds. Figure 9 The 'c' indicates the result of firmness. Detailed Implementation

[0131] The present invention will now be described in detail.

[0132] The present invention utilizes the following components (A) and (B):

[0133] (A) Substances that have the property of altering the amino acid metabolism of plants;

[0134] (B) Substances with auxin-like activity.

[0135] Ingredients (A) and (B) are also collectively referred to as "active ingredients".

[0136] By utilizing active ingredients, specifically by applying active ingredients to plants, it is possible to induce heat stress tolerance in plants; that is, to achieve the effect of inducing heat stress tolerance in plants. This effect is also referred to as the "heat stress tolerance induction effect." "Induction of heat stress tolerance in plants" can also be used interchangeably with "conferring heat stress tolerance on plants" or "enhancing heat stress tolerance in plants." "Heat stress tolerance" refers to tolerance to heat stress. Heat stress tolerance is also referred to as "heat tolerance."

[0137] As an example of inducing heat stress tolerance, an increase in the expression of genes related to heat stress tolerance can be cited. That is, the induction of heat stress tolerance in plants can be confirmed, for example, by the increase in the expression of genes related to heat stress tolerance. Specifically, if the expression of genes related to heat stress tolerance increases when an active ingredient is used, compared to when no active ingredient is used, it can be determined that the active ingredient has induced heat stress tolerance in the plant. Alternatively, it can also be that the expression of genes related to heat stress tolerance increases when components (A) and (B) are used in combination, compared to when components (A) or (B) are used alone. "Increased gene expression" can also be used instead of "induction of gene expression." "Increased gene expression" specifically refers to an increase in gene expression before, during, and / or after heat stress exposure. "Before heat stress exposure" can refer to any time point before, for example, exposing the plant to heat stress. "Before heat stress exposure" specifically refers to, for example, just before the plant is about to be exposed to heat stress. "During heat stress exposure" can refer to any point in time during the period when the plant is exposed to heat stress. Specifically, "during heat stress exposure" can refer to any point in time during the period when the plant is exposed to heat stress, and the point in time when heat stress symptoms are induced in the plant without the use of an effective ingredient. "After heat stress exposure" can refer to any point in time after the plant has been exposed to heat stress. Specifically, "after heat stress exposure" can refer to any point in time after the plant has been exposed to heat stress, and the point in time when heat stress symptoms are induced in the plant without the use of an effective ingredient. By utilizing an effective ingredient, for example, compared to not utilizing the effective ingredient, the expression of genes related to heat stress tolerance can increase by at least 1.2 times, preferably at least 1.5 times, and more preferably at least 2 times. Furthermore, "increased gene expression" also includes cases where genes not previously expressed are expressed when the effective ingredient is utilized. Examples of genes related to heat stress tolerance include heat stress-responsive genes such as HSP100 and HSFA2. The expression of an active ingredient, such as one or more (e.g., all) of these genes related to heat stress tolerance, can be increased. Increased gene expression can be confirmed, for example, by measuring the amount of transcription (e.g., the amount of mRNA), the amount of translation (e.g., the amount of protein encoded by the gene), or the activity of the protein encoded by the gene. Methods for measuring the amount of mRNA include Northern hybridization and RT-PCR. Methods for measuring the amount of protein include Western blotting. Methods for measuring protein activity can be appropriately selected based on factors such as the type of protein being measured.

[0138] Furthermore, the induction of plant tolerance to high-temperature stress can be exemplified by the reduction of high-temperature stress symptoms. That is, the induction of plant tolerance to high-temperature stress can be confirmed, for example, by the reduction of high-temperature stress symptoms. Specifically, if high-temperature stress symptoms are reduced when using an effective ingredient compared to when no effective ingredient is used, it can be determined that the effective ingredient has induced plant tolerance to high-temperature stress. Alternatively, it can be that high-temperature stress symptoms are reduced when using a combination of ingredients (A) and (B) compared to using ingredients (A) or (B) alone. "High-temperature stress symptoms" refer to symptoms caused by high-temperature stress. Examples of high-temperature stress symptoms include: deterioration of plant growth, reduction in plant yield, poor anther formation, reduced pollen fertility, plant death, plant cell death, reduced photosynthetic activity, reduced chlorophyll content in plant cells, and hindered pollination. In other words, the induction of plant tolerance to high-temperature stress (specifically, the reduction of high-temperature stress symptoms) can be exemplified by: improved plant growth, increased plant yield, inhibition of poor anther formation, inhibition of reduced pollen fertility, inhibition of plant death, inhibition of plant cell death, increased photosynthetic activity, increased chlorophyll content in plant cells, and inhibition of pollination obstruction.

[0139] "Improved plant growth" can refer, for example, to a greater degree of plant growth after exposure to high-temperature stress when the active ingredient is utilized compared to when it is not utilized. The degree of growth can be exemplified by growth amount and growth rate. "Growth amount" can refer, for example, to the increase in the fresh weight of the aboveground parts of the plant. "Growth rate" can refer, for example, to the increase in the fresh weight of the aboveground parts of the plant per unit time. By utilizing the active ingredient, for example, compared to when the active ingredient is not utilized, the degree of plant growth after exposure to high-temperature stress can be increased by at least 1.2 times, preferably at least 1.5 times, and more preferably at least 2 times.

[0140] "Increased plant yield" can refer to, for example, a greater yield of plants exposed to high-temperature stress when utilizing active ingredients compared to when they do not. Increased plant yield can be exemplified by an increase in the overall yield of the plant or an increase in the yield of parts of the plant such as leaves, roots, fruits, and seeds. Increased plant yield can be measured, for example, by an increase in the fresh weight of harvested plants or an increase in the number of harvested plants. By utilizing active ingredients, for example, the yield of plants exposed to high-temperature stress can increase by at least 1.2 times, preferably at least 1.5 times, and more preferably at least 2 times compared to when they do not utilize active ingredients.

[0141] "Inhibition of plant mortality" can refer to, for example, a lower plant mortality rate (i.e., the ratio of surviving plants after heat stress exposure to surviving plants before heat stress exposure) caused by the use of an effective ingredient compared to the case without the effective ingredient. By using an effective ingredient, for example, the plant mortality rate caused by heat stress exposure can be reduced to 90% or less, preferably 70% or less, and more preferably 50% or less compared to the case without the effective ingredient.

[0142] "Inhibition of plant cell death" can refer to, for example, a lower rate of cell death (i.e., the ratio of dead cells to the total number of plant cells) after exposure to high-temperature stress when an active ingredient is used, compared to when no active ingredient is used. By using an active ingredient, for example, the rate of cell death after exposure to high-temperature stress can be reduced to 90% or less, preferably 70% or less, and more preferably 50% or less, compared to when no active ingredient is used.

[0143] "Increased photosynthetic activity of plants" can refer to, for example, greater photosynthetic activity of plants exposed to high-temperature stress when utilizing effective components compared to when they do not utilize them. By utilizing effective components, for example, the photosynthetic activity of plants exposed to high-temperature stress can increase by more than 1.2 times, preferably more than 1.5 times, and more preferably more than 2 times compared to when they do not utilize effective components.

[0144] "Increased chlorophyll content in plant cells" can refer to, for example, a greater chlorophyll content in plant cells exposed to high-temperature stress when the active ingredient is utilized compared to when it is not utilized. By utilizing the active ingredient, for example, the chlorophyll content in plant cells exposed to high-temperature stress can increase by 1.2 times or more, preferably 1.5 times or more, and more preferably 2 times or more compared to when the active ingredient is not utilized. The chlorophyll content in plant cells can be measured, for example, by the method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-197249.

[0145] It should be noted that "reduction of heat stress symptoms" includes the complete disappearance of heat stress symptoms. Furthermore, "reduction of heat stress symptoms" includes both the reduction of potential future heat stress symptoms (the so-called preventative effect) and the reduction of existing heat stress symptoms (the so-called therapeutic effect). For the reduction of potential future heat stress symptoms, examples include the absence of future heat stress symptoms and the reduction of heat stress symptoms when they occur in the future. For the reduction of existing heat stress symptoms, examples include the improvement of existing heat stress symptoms and the prevention of the worsening of existing heat stress symptoms. The reduction of heat stress symptoms can, for example, be caused by increased expression of genes related to heat stress tolerance.

[0146] <1> Plants

[0147] There are no particular restrictions on the types of plants allowed. Plants can be woody or herbaceous. As plants, those belonging to the following families include: Gramineae (rice, barley, wheat, corn, sorghum, millet, sugarcane, oats, zoysia grass, millet, foxtail millet, fennec rice, etc.), Solanaceae (tomato, bell pepper, eggplant, potato, tobacco, etc.), Cucurbitaceae (cucumber, melon, pumpkin, etc.), Leguminosae (pea, soybean, kidney bean, alfalfa, peanut, broad bean, cowpea, lentil, chickpea, clover, peanut, basil, etc.), Brassicaceae (radish, cabbage, bok choy, komatsuna, rapeseed, Chinese cabbage, Arabidopsis thaliana, etc.), Rosaceae (strawberry, apple, pear, peach, etc.), and Moraceae (mulberry, etc.). Plants of the Malvaceae family (cotton, etc.), Apiaceae family (carrots, parsley, celery, etc.), Liliaceae family (scallions, onions, asparagus, etc.), Asteraceae family (burdock, sunflower, chrysanthemum, garland chrysanthemum, safflower, lettuce, etc.), Amaranthaceae family (beets, etc.), Ericaceae family (blueberries, cranberries, etc.), Vitaceae family (grapes, etc.), Rutaceae family (Mandarin oranges, lemons, pomelos, etc.), Rubiaceae family (coffee trees, etc.), Oleaceae family (olives, etc.), Lauraceae family (avocados, etc.), Anacardiaceae family (mangoes, cashews, etc.), Sapindaceae family (lychees, etc.), and Lamiaceae family (perilla, etc.). As plants, particularly Solanaceae plants such as tomatoes and Gramineae plants such as rice can be cited. Furthermore, as plants, particularly those that yield edible products such as fruits can be cited. The term "plant" can refer to one plant or two or more plants.

[0148] <2> Active ingredients

[0149] <2-1> Substances that have the property of altering the amino acid metabolism of plants; component (A)

[0150] Component (A) is a substance that has the property of altering the amino acid metabolism of plants. Component (A) can be used as one component, or two or more components can be used in combination.

[0151] In this invention, as component (A), any substance that has the activity of altering the amino acid metabolism of plants and can exert the effects of this invention can be used without restriction. "A substance having the property of altering the amino acid metabolism of plants" is not limited to the case where the substance itself has the property of altering the amino acid metabolism of plants, but also includes the case where other substances generated by the metabolism of the substance have the property of altering the amino acid metabolism of plants.

[0152] As a property that alters amino acid metabolism, the property that inhibits amino acid biosynthesis can be cited.

[0153] Examples of properties that inhibit the biosynthesis of amino acids include those that inhibit the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids and those that inhibit the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids.

[0154] As a property that inhibits the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids, examples can be given of properties that inhibit the activity of enzymes (also known as "branched-chain amino acid synthases") that inhibit the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids. Similarly, as a property that inhibits the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids, examples can be given of properties that inhibit the activity of enzymes (also known as "aromatic amino acid synthases") that inhibit the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids.

[0155] Examples of branched-chain amino acids include valine, leucine, and isoleucine. Examples of aromatic amino acids include phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine. That is, "inhibition of the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids" can refer to, for example, inhibiting the biosynthesis of one or more amino acids selected from valine, leucine, and isoleucine (i.e., one, two, or all three). Similarly, "inhibition of the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids" can refer to, for example, inhibiting the biosynthesis of one or more amino acids selected from phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine (i.e., one, two, or all three).

[0156] (ingredient A1)

[0157] Examples of substances that can alter the amino acid metabolism of plants include branched-chain amino acids, branched-chain amino acid derivatives (hereinafter collectively referred to as "branched-chain amino acids"), and intermediates in their biosynthetic and consumption pathways (hereinafter collectively referred to as "component A1").

[0158] Branched-chain amino acid derivatives refer to various derivatives of branched-chain amino acids. These derivatives can be formed by substituting one or more functional groups, such as specific amino acids, non-natural amino acids, amino alcohols, and terminal carbonyl or amino groups, with various substituents. Examples of substituents include alkyl, acyl, hydroxyl, amino, alkylamino, nitro, sulfonyl, and various protecting groups.

[0159] Glycosides can also be cited as amino acid derivatives. Examples of glycosides include monosaccharides such as glucose, glucosamine, N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, galactose, fructose, ribose, lythose, xylose, and arabinose; and polysaccharides composed of these monosaccharides.

[0160] As amino acid derivatives, these include intermediates in the biosynthetic and consumption pathways of branched-chain amino acids. In plants, branched-chain amino acids are typically biosynthesized from pyruvate or ketobutyrate. Ketobutyrate can be derived from threonine. Specifically, valine and leucine can be synthesized from pyruvate via acetolactate. Furthermore, isoleucine can be synthesized from pyruvate and ketobutyrate via acetylhydroxybutyrate. That is, "intermediates in the biosynthetic pathways of branched-chain amino acids" can refer to compounds in the biosynthetic pathway from pyruvate or ketobutyrate to branched-chain amino acids (e.g., valine, leucine, and isoleucine). Additionally, "intermediates in the consumption pathways of branched-chain amino acids" can refer to compounds generated from the further metabolism of branched-chain amino acids (e.g., valine, leucine, and isoleucine). Component A1 can specifically include: pyruvate, ketobutyric acid, acetolactate, acetylhydroxybutyric acid, 2,3-dihydroxyisovaleric acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylvaleric acid, α-ketoisovaleric acid, ketomethylvaleric acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3-isopropylmalic acid, ketoisohexanoic acid, valine, leucine, isoleucine, and their derivatives. Valine, leucine, and α-ketoisovaleric acid are particularly noteworthy examples of component A1. Component A1 can be a single substance or a combination of two or more substances.

[0161] As a property that alters amino acid metabolism in plants, component A1 exhibits inhibitory activity, for example, that of acetolactate synthase (ALS), a branched-chain amino acid synthase. ALS is also known as acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS). ALS catalyzes both the synthesis of acetolactate and acetohydroxyacid (EC 2.2.1.6).

[0162] Unless otherwise specified, branched-chain amino acids (e.g., valine, leucine, and isoleucine) can be D-forms, L-forms, or combinations thereof. There are no particular restrictions on the ratio of D-forms to L-forms in the combination. The ratio of D-forms or L-forms in the combination can, for example, be 20–80%, 30–70%, 40–60%, or 45–55% in molar ratio. The amino acid can specifically be an L-form. It should be noted that when a D-form or L-form branched-chain amino acid is selected, it is sufficient to use the D-form or L-form of that branched-chain amino acid, or it can be further combined with an L-form or D-form.

[0163] (Ingredient A2)

[0164] As a substance that has the property of inhibiting the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids, examples include substances that have inhibitory activity on acetolactate synthase (ALS), a branched-chain amino acid synthase (hereinafter also referred to as "component A2" or "ALS inhibitor").

[0165] As ALS inhibitors, those that show no toxicity to humans or have low toxicity to humans are preferred. Previously, ALS inhibitors that possess both long-lasting residual effects and plant selectivity were used as herbicides. ALS inhibitors inhibit the biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine by suppressing ALS activity in plants, thereby altering plant amino acid metabolism and impacting plant growth.

[0166] Examples of ALS inhibitors include sulfonylureas (SU agents), imidazoline compounds, pyrimidinyl salicylic acid compounds, triazolopyrimidine sulfonamides, pyrimidinyl (thio)benzoates (PTB) compounds, sulfonamides (SA) compounds, and sulfonamide carbonyl triazolinones (SCT) compounds.

[0167] Examples of sulfonylurea compounds include: thifensulfuron, trifluridinesulfuron sodium salt, pyrimisulfuron, bensulfuron, ethersulfuron, imidazoliumsulfuron, tetrazoliumsulfuron, chlorpyrisulfuron, ethoxysulfuron, cypromethazinesulfuron, acylsulfuron, chlorpyrisulfuron, mefensulfuron, epoxysulfuron, flupyrimisulfuron, mesosulfuron, formamidesulfuron, chlorsulfuron, mesosulfuron, benzylsulfuron, iodosulfuron, methyliodosulfuron sodium salt, flusulfuron, etherbensulfuron, triflumethosulfuron, aminebensulfuron, fluamidesulfuron, sulfonesulfuron, nicosulfuron, flupyrimisulfuron, and sulfonylsulfuron.

[0168] Examples of imidazolinone compounds include: imidazolinic acid, imidazolinic acid, methyl imidazolinic acid, imidazolinic acid, methoxyimidazolinic acid, metribuzin, and metribuzin ammonium.

[0169] Examples of pyrimidine salicylic acid compounds include: bispyribac-sodium salt, pyrimisulfuron-sodium salt, pyrimisulfuron, cyclopyrimisulfuron, and pyrimisulfuron-oxime.

[0170] Examples of triazolopyrimidine sulfonamide compounds include: pyrazosulfuron, diflubenzuron, sulfazon, dichlorvos, chlorpyrifos, penoxsulam, and DASH-001 (penoxsulam).

[0171] Examples of pyrimidinyl (thio)benzoate (PTB) compounds include: pyrimethanil, bispyribac-sodium salt, and pyrimethanil sodium salt.

[0172] Examples of sulfonylaniline (SA) compounds include pyrimisulfan and fluroxypyr.

[0173] Examples of sulfonylaminocarbonyl triazolinone (SCT) compounds include: fluazolidinone sodium salt and thiazolinone.

[0174] As ALS inhibitors, thifensulfuron-methyl, imidazonic acid, and bispyribac-sodium salt can be cited in particular.

[0175] Component A2 may be made from one substance or from a combination of two or more substances.

[0176] (Ingredient A3)

[0177] As compounds that have the property of inhibiting the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids, examples include substances that have inhibitory activity on 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), an aromatic amino acid synthase (hereinafter also referred to as "component A3" or "EPSPS inhibitor").

[0178] As EPSPS inhibitors, those that show no toxicity to humans or have low toxicity to humans are preferred. Previously, EPSPS inhibitors were used as herbicides. EPSPS inhibitors inhibit the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine via the shikimic acid pathway by suppressing EPSPS activity in plants, thereby altering plant amino acid metabolism and impacting plant growth.

[0179] Glyphosate is an example of an EPSPS inhibitor. Glyphosate is known as a pesticide component that inhibits the shikimic acid pathway. As described below, glyphosate can be in its free form, as a salt, or as a combination thereof. Water-soluble glyphosate salts are preferred. Examples of water-soluble glyphosate salts include potassium salts, isopropylamine salts, ammonium salts, sodium salts, and trimethylsulfonium salts.

[0180] As component A3, one substance can be used, or two or more substances can be used in combination.

[0181] Where component (A) can form a salt, component (A) can be used in its free form, in the form of a salt, or in a combination thereof. That is, unless otherwise specified, the term "component (A)" can refer to component (A) in its free form or its salt, or a combination thereof. There are no particular limitations on the type of salt, as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention. Examples of salts that target acidic groups such as carboxyl groups include: ammonium salts, salts formed with alkali metals such as sodium and potassium, salts formed with alkaline earth metals such as calcium and magnesium, aluminum salts, zinc salts, salts formed with organic amines such as triethylamine, ethanolamine, morpholine, pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, and dicyclohexylamine, and salts formed with basic amino acids such as arginine and lysine. In addition, examples of salts that target basic groups such as amino groups include: salts formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, and hydrobromic acid; salts formed with organic carboxylic acids such as acetic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, tannic acid, butyric acid, hibiscus acid, pamoic acid, heptanoic acid, decanoic acid, theochloroic acid, salicylic acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, mandelic acid, and malic acid; and salts formed with organic sulfonic acids such as methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid. A single salt can be used, or two or more salts can be used in combination.

[0182] Furthermore, when component (A) can form hydrates, component (A) can be used in non-hydrated form, hydrated form, or a combination thereof. That is, unless otherwise specified, the term "component (A)" (e.g., "free component (A)", "salt of component (A)") can include both non-hydrated and hydrated components.

[0183] Component (A) can be made into any form, such as ions, when used.

[0184] As component (A), one substance may be used, or two or more substances may be used in combination. When two or more components are selected as component (A), unless otherwise specified, the “amount” or “concentration” of component (A) may refer to the total amount or total concentration of the selected components.

[0185] As component (A), commercially available products or appropriately manufactured products can be used. There are no particular restrictions on the method of manufacturing component (A). Component (A) can be manufactured, for example, by known methods. Specifically, component (A) can be manufactured, for example, by chemical synthesis, enzymatic reaction, fermentation, extraction, or a combination thereof. Component (A) can be purified to the desired degree, or it can be left unpurified. That is, as component (A), purified products or raw materials containing component (A) can be used. Examples of raw materials containing component (A) include, for example, fermentation products such as culture broth, bacterial cells, and culture supernatants obtained by culturing microorganisms capable of producing component (A), agricultural and aquatic products containing component (A), and their processed products. Examples of processed products include products obtained by treating such fermentation products and other raw materials by concentration, dilution, drying, grading, extraction, purification, etc. For example, branched-chain amino acids (e.g., valine, leucine, and isoleucine) can be products commonly sold as reagents, or purified or crudely purified products manufactured by fermentation, or byproducts generated during purification, or mixtures containing these branched-chain amino acids, such as extracts from seafood or hydrolysates of proteins. Additionally, pesticide components (e.g., ALS inhibitors, EPSPS inhibitors) can be products commonly sold as reagents, or mixtures of pesticides containing these pesticide components. As component (A), for example, raw materials can be used with a content of 1% (w / w) or more, 5% (w / w) or more, 10% (w / w) or more, 30% (w / w) or more, 50% (w / w) or more, 70% (w / w) or more, 90% (w / w) or more, or 95% (w / w) or more.

[0186] <2-2> Substances with auxin-like activity; component (B)

[0187] Component (B) is a substance with auxin-like activity. Component (B) may be one substance with auxin-like activity, or two or more substances with auxin-like activity may be used in combination.

[0188] "Auxin" refers to a general term for plant hormones that promote plant growth (specifically, elongation). Auxin can be any of the natural or synthetic auxins. In this invention, as component (B), any substance that has auxin-like activity in promoting plant growth and can exert the effects of this invention can be used without restriction. "Substance having auxin-like activity" is not limited to the case where the substance itself has plant growth-promoting activity, but also includes the case where other substances generated from the metabolism of the substance have plant growth-promoting activity. Such substances are not limited and can include, for example, auxins, auxin analogs, auxin receptor agonists, and downstream signaling factors of auxins. Auxin is preferred.

[0189] Examples of auxins include: indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid (4Cl-IAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T), naphthaleneacetic acid, naphthoxyacetic acid, and phenylacetic acid (PAA). IAA and PAA are particularly noteworthy examples of auxins. Examples of auxin analogues include RubNeddin, which acts as an auxin receptor agonist.

[0190] As component (B), commercially available products or appropriately manufactured products can be used. There are no particular restrictions on the manufacturing method of component (B). Component (B) can be manufactured, for example, by known methods. Specifically, component (B) can be manufactured by, for example, chemical synthesis, enzymatic reaction, fermentation, extraction, or a combination thereof. Component (B) can be purified to the desired degree, or it may not be purified in this way. That is, as component (B), purified products or raw materials containing component (B) can be used. Examples of raw materials containing component (B) include, for example, fermentation products such as culture broth, bacterial cells, and culture supernatants obtained by culturing microorganisms capable of producing component (B), agricultural and aquatic products containing component (B), and their processed products. Examples of processed products include products obtained by treating such fermentation products and other raw materials by concentration, dilution, drying, grading, extraction, purification, etc. As ingredient (B), for example, raw materials with an ingredient (B) content of 1% (w / w) or more, 5% (w / w) or more, 10% (w / w) or more, 30% (w / w) or more, 50% (w / w) or more, 70% (w / w) or more, 90% (w / w) or more, or 95% (w / w) or more can be used.

[0191] <3> The composition of the present invention

[0192] The composition of the present invention is a composition containing active ingredients (i.e., the above-mentioned ingredients (A) and (B)).

[0193] The compositions of the present invention can be applied to plants. The method of using the compositions of the present invention is described in detail in "Method of the Invention". By utilizing the compositions of the present invention, specifically by applying the compositions of the present invention to plants, it is possible to induce heat stress tolerance in plants. That is, the compositions of the present invention can be compositions for inducing heat stress tolerance in plants. Specifically, the compositions of the present invention (e.g., compositions for inducing heat stress tolerance in plants) can be compositions for improving plant growth, increasing plant yield, inhibiting plant dieback, inhibiting plant cell death, increasing plant photosynthetic activity, and / or increasing chlorophyll content in plant cells. The induction of heat stress tolerance in plants can, for example, be caused by increased expression of genes related to heat stress tolerance. That is, the compositions of the present invention (e.g., compositions for inducing heat stress tolerance in plants) can be compositions for increasing the expression of genes related to heat stress tolerance in plants. The compositions for inducing heat stress tolerance in plants are also referred to as "heat stress tolerance inducers for plants".

[0194] The composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it contains the composition of the present invention and can achieve the desired effect such as inducing tolerance to high temperature stress. The types and contents of the components contained in the composition of the present invention can be appropriately selected according to various conditions such as the plant species, plant cultivation method, plant growth stage, the manner of high temperature stress conditions, the degree of high temperature stress symptoms, and the method of utilization of the composition of the present invention.

[0195] The composition of the present invention may consist of an active ingredient or contain ingredients other than the active ingredient. Examples of ingredients other than the active ingredient include those commonly used in pesticide, fertilizer, and pharmaceutical applications. Specific examples of such ingredients include: excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, stabilizers, diluents, surfactants, spreading agents, pH adjusters, fertilizer components, pesticide components, water, alcohols, vitamins, minerals, and other additives. Spreading agents can be used, for example, to improve the spreading force of the active ingredient on plants. Surfactants can be used, for example, to improve the permeability of the active ingredient to plants. Excipients may include solid carriers and liquid carriers. Examples of solid carriers include: vermiculite, talc, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, calcium carbonate, clay, calcium hydroxide, kaolin, silica gel, and other inorganic substances, wheat flour, and starch. Examples of liquid carriers include: ethanol, ethylene glycol, and other alcohols, acetone, and other ketones. Alkane, tetrahydrofuran ethers, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile. Solid carriers can be used, for example, in cases where the compositions of the present invention are solid formulations. Liquid carriers can be used, for example, in cases where the compositions of the present invention are liquid formulations. As spreading agents, Approach BI can be cited as an example. TM (Kao Co., Ltd.), Mix Power TM (Syngenta Japan) Squash TM (Maruwa Biochemical Co., Ltd.). As a component other than the active ingredient, one component, or two or more components, may be used. The compositions of the present invention can be appropriately formulated. There are no particular limitations on the dosage form of the compositions of the present invention. The dosage form of the compositions of the present invention may be appropriately selected according to various conditions such as the mode of use of the compositions according to the present invention. Examples of dosage forms include liquids, powders, granules, tablets, emulsions, wettable powders, oils, aerosols, and suspensions.

[0196] The total content of the active ingredient in the composition of the present invention is greater than 0% (w / w) and less than 100% (w / w). For example, the total content of the active ingredient in the composition of the present invention can be 0.000005% or more, 0.00001% or more, 0.00002% or more, 0.00005% or more, 0.0001% or more, 0.0002% or more, 0.0005% or more, 0.001% (w / w) or more, 0.002% (w / w) or more, 0.005% (w / w) or more, 0.01% (w / w) or more, 0.02% (w / w) or more, 0.05% (w / w) or more, 0.1% (w / w) or more, 0.2% (w / w) or more, 0.5% (w / w) or more, 1% (w / w) or more, 2% (w / w) or more. The percentages can be above 100%, below 99.9%, below 70%, below 50%, below 30%, below 20%, below 15%, below 10%, below 5%, below 2%, below 1%, below 0.5%, below 0.2%, below 0.1%, below 0.05%, or below 0.02%, or combinations thereof.

[0197] In the composition of the present invention, the ratio of the content of component (B) to the content of component (A) (content of component (B) / content of component (A)) can, for example, be 0.0002 or more, 0.0005 or more, 0.001 or more, 0.002 or more, 0.005 or more, 0.01 or more, 0.02 or more, 0.05 or more, 0.1 or more, 0.2 or more, 0.5 or more, 1 or more, 2 or more, 5 or more, 10 or more, 20 or more. 50 or above, 100 or above, 200 or above, or 500 or above can be less than 1000, less than 500, less than 200, less than 100, less than 50, less than 20, less than 10, less than 5, less than 2, less than 1, less than 1, less than 5, less than 2, less than 1, less than 0.5, less than 0.2, less than 0.1, less than 0.05, less than 0.02, less than 0.001, or less than 0.0005, or can be a non-contradictory combination of them. The ratio of the content of component (B) to the content of component (A) (content of component (B) / content of component (A)) can be, for example, expressed as a molar ratio, as 0.0002~0.0005, 0.0005~0.001, 0.001~0.002, 0.002~0.005, 0.005~0.01, 0.01~0.02, 0.02~0.05, 0.05~0.1, 0.1~0.2, 0.2~0.5, 0.5~1, 1~2, 2~5, 5~10, 10~20, 20~50, 50~100, 100~200, 200~500, or 500~1000. When the composition of the present invention contains two or more components (A), the content of each of these two or more components (A) can be set independently or collectively such that the ratio of the content of component (B) to the content of component (A) as exemplified above is satisfied. Unless otherwise specified, when the composition of the present invention contains two or more components (A), "the content of component (A) in the composition of the present invention" refers to the total content of these two or more components (A) in the composition of the present invention. When the composition of the present invention contains two or more components (B), the content of each of these two or more components (B) can be set independently or collectively such that the ratio of the content of component (B) to the content of component (A) as exemplified above is satisfied. Unless otherwise specified, when the composition of the present invention contains two or more components (B), "the content of component (B) in the composition of the present invention" refers to the total content of these two or more components (B) in the composition of the present invention.

[0198] When at least component A1 is used as component (A), in the composition of the present invention, the ratio of the content of component (B) to the content of component A1 (content of component (B) / content of component A1) can be, for example, a molar ratio of 0.0002 or more, 0.0005 or more, 0.001 or more, 0.002 or more, 0.005 or more, or 0.01 or more, or less than 0.02, 0.01 or less, 0.005 or less, 0.002 or less, 0.001 or less, or 0.0005 or less, or a non-contradictory combination thereof. The ratio of the content of component (B) to the content of component A1 (content of component (B) / content of component A1) can be, for example, a molar ratio of 0.0002 to 0.0005, 0.0005 to 0.001, 0.001 to 0.002, 0.002 to 0.005, 0.005 to 0.01, or 0.01 to 0.02. The ratio of the content of component (B) to the content of component A1 (content of component (B) / content of component A1) can be, for example, a molar ratio of 0.0002 to 0.02, 0.0005 to 0.01, or 0.001 to 0.005. When the composition of the present invention contains two or more components A1, the contents of these two or more components A1 can be set independently or collectively to satisfy the ratio of the content of component (B) to the content of component A1 as exemplified above. Wherein, in the case that the composition of the present invention contains two or more components A1, unless otherwise specified, "the content of component A1 in the composition of the present invention" refers to the total content of these two or more components A1 in the composition of the present invention.

[0199] When at least component A2 is used as component (A), in the composition of the present invention, the ratio of the content of component (B) to the content of component A2 (content of component (B) / content of component A2) can, for example, be a molar ratio of 2 or more, 5 or more, 10 or more, 20 or more, 50 or more, 100 or more, 200 or more, or 500 or more, or it can be 1000 or less, 500 or less, 200 or less, 100 or less, 50 or less, 20 or less, 10 or less, or 5 or less, or it can be a combination thereof without contradiction. Specifically, the ratio of the content of component (B) to the content of component A2 (content of component (B) / content of component A2) can, for example, be a molar ratio of 2 to 5, 5 to 10, 10 to 20, 20 to 50, 50 to 100, 100 to 200, 200 to 500, or 500 to 1000. The ratio of the content of component (B) to the content of component A2 (content of component (B) / content of component A2) can be, for example, a molar ratio of 2 to 1000, 5 to 500, or 10 to 200. When the composition of the present invention contains two or more components A2, the contents of these two or more components A2 can be set independently or collectively such that the ratio of the content of component (B) to the content of component A2 as exemplified above is satisfied. Wherein, when the composition of the present invention contains two or more components A2, unless otherwise specified, "content of component A2 in the composition of the present invention" refers to the total content of these two or more components A2 in the composition of the present invention.

[0200] When at least component A3 is used as component (A), in the composition of the present invention, the ratio of the content of component (B) to the content of component A3 (content of component (B) / content of component A3) can, for example, be 0.1 or more, 0.2 or more, 0.5 or more, 1 or more, 2 or more, or 5 or more in molar ratio, or can be 10 or less, 5 or less, 2 or less, 1 or less, 0.5 or less, or 0.2 or less, or can be a combination thereof. Specifically, the ratio of the content of component (B) to the content of component A3 (content of component (B) / content of component A3) can, for example, be 0.1 to 0.2, 0.2 to 0.5, 0.5 to 1, 1 to 2, 2 to 5, or 5 to 10 in molar ratio. Specifically, the ratio of the content of component (B) to the content of component A3 (content of component (B) / content of component A3) can, for example, be 0.1 to 10, 0.2 to 5, or 0.5 to 2 in molar ratio. When the composition of the present invention contains two or more components A3, the contents of these two or more components A3 may be set independently or collectively such that the ratio of the content of component (B) to the content of component A3 as exemplified above is satisfied. Wherein, when the composition of the present invention contains two or more components A3, unless otherwise specified, "the content of component A3 in the composition of the present invention" refers to the total content of these two or more components A3 in the composition of the present invention.

[0201] The content of each active ingredient in the composition of the present invention can be set, for example, in a manner that satisfies the total content and content ratio of the active ingredients exemplified above.

[0202] Furthermore, the content of each active ingredient in the composition of the present invention can be set, for example, in a manner that ensures the concentration of each active ingredient reaches a given range when the composition of the present invention is used. The concentration of the active ingredient when the composition of the present invention is used is also referred to as the "use concentration of the active ingredient" or "application concentration of the active ingredient." The use concentration of the active ingredient is particularly relevant when the composition of the present invention is used in liquid form.

[0203] The concentration of the active ingredient used is not particularly limited, as long as the desired effect, such as inducing tolerance to high-temperature stress, is achieved. The concentration of the active ingredient can be appropriately set based on various factors, including the type of active ingredient, plant species, cultivation method, plant growth stage, the nature of the high-temperature stress condition, and the severity of the high-temperature stress symptoms. For example, the concentration of the active ingredient can be set to a level that allows the plant to survive to the desired extent.

[0204] The concentration of component (A) can be, for example, 5 nM or higher, 10 nM or higher, 20 nM or higher, 50 nM or higher, 100 nM or higher, 200 nM or higher, 500 nM or higher, 1 μM or higher, 2 μM or higher, 5 μM or higher, 10 μM or higher, 20 μM or higher, 50 μM or higher, 100 μM or higher, 200 μM or higher, 500 μM or higher, 1 mM or higher, 2 mM or higher, 5 mM or higher, 10 mM or higher, 20 mM or higher, 50 mM or higher, or 100 mM or higher. It can also be below 200 mM, below 100 mM, below 50 mM, below 20 mM, below 10 mM, below 5 mM, below 2 mM, below 1 mM, below 500 μM, below 200 μM, below 100 μM, below 50 μM, below 20 μM, below 10 μM, below 5 μM, below 2 μM, below 1 mM, or below 1 mM. Below μM, below 500 nM, below 200 nM, below 100 nM, below 50 nM, below 20 nM, or below 10 nM can also be non-contradictory combinations of these. The specific concentrations of component (A) can be, for example, 5 nM~10 nM, 10 nM~20 nM, 20 nM~50 nM, 50 nM~100 nM, 100 nM~200 nM, 200 nM~500 nM, 500 nM~1 μM, 1 μM~2 μM, 2 μM~5 μM, 5 μM~10 μM, 10 μM~20 μM, 20 μM~50 μM, 50 μM~100 μM, 100 μM~200 μM, 200 μM~500 μM, 500 μM~1 mM, 1 mM~2 mM, 2 mM~5 mM, 5 mM~10 mM, 10 mM~20 mM, 20 mM~50 mM, 50 mM~100 mM, or 100 mM~200 mM. When using two or more ingredients (A), the usage concentrations of these two or more ingredients (A) can be set independently or collectively within the range of usage concentrations of ingredient (A) exemplified above. Where two or more ingredients (A) are used, unless otherwise specified, "usage concentration of ingredient (A)" refers to the total usage concentration of these two or more ingredients (A).

[0205] When using at least component A1 as component (A), the concentration of component A1 can be, for example, 200 μM or more, 500 μM or more, 1 mM or more, 2 mM or more, 5 mM or more, 10 mM or more, 20 mM or more, 50 mM or more, or 100 mM or less, or less than 200 mM, 100 mM or less, 50 mM or less, 20 mM or less, 10 mM or less, 5 mM or less, 2 mM or less, 1 mM or less, or 500 μM or less, or a non-contradictory combination thereof. Specifically, the concentration of component A1 can be, for example, 200 μM~500 μM, 500 μM~1 mM, 1 mM~2 mM, 2 mM~5 mM, 5 mM~10 mM, 10 mM~20 mM, 20 mM~50 mM, 50 mM~100 mM, or 100 mM~200 mM. The usage concentration of component A1 can be, for example, 200 μM~200 mM, 500 μM~100 mM, or 1 mM~50 mM. When using two or more components A1, the usage concentrations of these two or more components A1 can be set independently or collectively within the range of usage concentrations of component A1 exemplified above. Wherein, when using two or more components A1, unless otherwise specified, "usage concentration of component A1" refers to the total usage concentration of these two or more components A1.

[0206] When at least component A2 is used as component (A), the concentration of component A2 can be, for example, 5 nM or more, 10 nM or more, 20 nM or more, 50 nM or more, 100 nM or more, 200 nM or more, 500 nM or more, 1 μM or more, 2 μM or more, 5 μM or more, or 10 μM or less, or less than 20 μM, 10 μM or less, 5 μM or less, 2 μM or less, 1 μM or less, 500 nM or less, 200 nM or less, 100 nM or less, 50 nM or less, 20 nM or less, or 10 nM or less, or a non-contradictory combination thereof. The specific concentration of component A2 can be, for example, 5 nM~10 nM, 10 nM~20 nM, 20 nM~50 nM, 50 nM~100 nM, 100 nM~200 nM, 200 nM~500 nM, 500 nM~1 μM, 1 μM~2 μM, 2 μM~5 μM, 5 μM~10 μM, or 10 μM~20 μM. When using two or more components A2, the concentrations of these two or more components A2 can be set independently or collectively within the ranges of the example concentrations of component A2 described above. Where two or more components A2 are used, unless otherwise specified, "concentration of component A2" refers to the total concentration of these two or more components A2.

[0207] When using at least component A3 as component (A), the concentration of component A3 can be, for example, 500 nM or more, 1 μM or more, 2 μM or more, 5 μM or more, 10 μM or more, 20 μM or more, 50 μM or more, 100 μM or more, or 200 μM or less, or less than 500 μM, 200 μM, 100 μM, 5 μM or less, 2 μM or less, or 1 μM or less, or a non-contradictory combination thereof. Specifically, the concentration of component A3 can be, for example, 500 nM to 1 μM, 1 μM to 2 μM, 2 μM to 5 μM, 5 μM to 10 μM, 10 μM to 20 μM, 20 μM to 50 μM, 50 μM to 100 μM, 100 μM to 200 μM, or 200 μM to 500 μM. The specific concentration of component A3 can be, for example, 500 nM to 100 μM, 1 μM to 50 μM, or 2 μM to 20 μM. When using two or more components A3, the concentrations of these two or more components A3 can be set independently or collectively within the ranges of the example concentrations of component A3 described above. Unless otherwise specified, when using two or more components A3, "concentration of component A3" refers to the total concentration of these two or more components A3.

[0208] The concentration of component (B) can be, for example, 500 nM or higher, 1 μM or higher, 2 μM or higher, 5 μM or higher, 10 μM or higher, 20 μM or higher, 50 μM or higher, 100 μM or higher, or 200 μM or lower, or less than 500 μM, less than 200 μM, less than 100 μM, less than 50 μM, less than 20 μM, less than 10 μM, less than 5 μM, less than 2 μM, or less than 1 μM, or a non-contradictory combination thereof. Specifically, the concentration of component (B) can be, for example, 500 nM to 1 μM, 1 μM to 2 μM, 2 μM to 5 μM, 5 μM to 10 μM, 10 μM to 20 μM, 20 μM to 50 μM, 50 μM to 100 μM, 100 μM to 200 μM, or 200 μM to 500 μM. The concentration of component (B) can be, for example, 500 nM to 500 μM, 1 μM to 200 μM, or 2 μM to 100 μM. When using two or more components (B), the concentrations of these two or more components (B) can be set independently or collectively within the range of the concentrations of component (B) exemplified above. Where two or more components (B) are used, unless otherwise specified, "concentration of component (B)" refers to the total concentration of these two or more components (B).

[0209] It should be noted that the amount of active ingredient (e.g., content (concentration), dosage) can be calculated based on the amount of active ingredient itself in the raw material when using raw materials containing the active ingredient. Additionally, the amount of active ingredient (e.g., content (concentration), dosage) can be calculated based on the value obtained by converting the mass of the salt or hydrate into the mass of an equimolar amount of free material when the active ingredient forms a salt or hydrate.

[0210] The active ingredients and other ingredients may be mixed together and contained in the compositions of the present invention, or they may be contained separately or in any combination thereof. For example, the compositions of the present invention may be provided as separate packages of ingredients (A) and (B). In such cases, ingredients (A) and (B) may be applied to plants in appropriate combination.

[0211] <4> The method of the present invention

[0212] The method of the present invention includes applying active ingredients (i.e., the aforementioned ingredients (A) and (B)) to the plant. The method of the present invention can be implemented, for example, to obtain the effects exemplified above.

[0213] By implementing the method of the present invention, specifically by applying an active ingredient to plants, it is possible to induce heat stress tolerance in plants. That is, the method of the present invention can be a method for inducing heat stress tolerance in plants. The induction of heat stress tolerance in plants can, for example, be caused by increased expression of genes related to heat stress tolerance. Specifically, the method of the present invention (e.g., a method for inducing heat stress tolerance in plants) can, for example, be a method for improving plant growth, increasing plant yield, inhibiting plant dieback, inhibiting plant cell death, increasing plant photosynthetic activity, and / or increasing chlorophyll content within plant cells. That is, the method of the present invention (e.g., a method for inducing heat stress tolerance in plants) can, for example, be a method for increasing the expression of genes related to heat stress tolerance in plants.

[0214] The active ingredients can be applied to plants, for example, using the compositions of the present invention (i.e., by applying the compositions of the present invention). That is, one aspect of the method of the present invention can be, for example, a method including applying the compositions of the present invention to plants. "Applying the active ingredients to plants" also includes applying the compositions of the present invention to plants. The compositions of the present invention can be applied directly to plants, for example, or can be applied to plants by diluting, dispersing, or dissolving them appropriately in liquids such as water, physiological saline, buffer solutions, alcohols, DMSO, etc. That is, the compositions of the present invention can be applied to plants, for example, by adjusting the concentration appropriately to obtain the usage concentration of the active ingredients exemplified above. The compositions of the present invention can be applied to plants, particularly in liquid form. The active ingredients can be applied to plants in a pre-mixed state or separately. That is, for example, when the active ingredients are mixed together and contained in the compositions of the present invention, the active ingredients can be applied to plants in a pre-mixed state by applying the compositions of the present invention. Alternatively, for example, when the active ingredients are each separately contained in the compositions of the present invention, the active ingredients can be applied to plants after mixing together or separately. When the active ingredients are applied to the plants separately, they can be applied simultaneously or at different times. When the active ingredients are applied at different times, the order of application of ingredient (A) and ingredient (B) is not particularly limited. For example, ingredient (A) can be applied first, or ingredient (B) can be applied first. In particular, ingredient (A) can be applied first. When the active ingredients are applied at different times, the interval between the application of ingredient (A) and ingredient (B) is not particularly limited, as long as the desired effect, such as the induction of high-temperature stress tolerance, is obtained. The interval between the application of ingredient (A) and ingredient (B) can be, for example, within 50 days, within 30 days, within 20 days, within 15 days, within 10 days, within 7 days, within 5 days, within 3 days, or within 1 day. Furthermore, the compositions of the present invention can be used in combination with other ingredients. Regarding other ingredients, the description of ingredients other than the active ingredients in the description of the compositions of the present invention applies. That is, the compositions of the present invention can be used in combination with additives such as spreading agents.

[0215] The method of applying the composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the desired effect, such as the induction of tolerance to high-temperature stress, is achieved. The method of applying the composition of the present invention can be appropriately selected based on various conditions such as the type of active ingredient, the plant species, the plant cultivation method, the plant growth stage, the manner of high-temperature stress conditions, and the severity of high-temperature stress symptoms. The composition of the present invention can be applied to plants, for example, using the usual methods for applying pesticides or fertilizers. The composition of the present invention can be applied to the plant itself, to the medium in which the plant is cultivated, or in combination. "Applying the active ingredient to the plant" is not limited to applying the composition of the present invention to the plant itself, but also includes applying the composition of the present invention to the medium in which the plant is cultivated. The medium in which the plant is cultivated is also referred to as a "growth medium" or "growth system." The growth medium can be appropriately selected based on various conditions such as the plant species and the plant cultivation method. The plant cultivation method is not particularly limited. For plant cultivation, in addition to applying the composition of the present invention, it can be carried out by, for example, the same methods as the usual methods for cultivating plants. Examples of plant cultivation methods include soil cultivation, hydroponics, and hydroponics with soil. Examples of hydroponics include hydroponics and solid culture medium cultivation. Examples of hydroponics include Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) and Deep Flow Technique (DFT). That is, examples of cultivation media (growth media) include soil, hydroponic solutions, and solid culture media. Examples of application to the plant itself include spreading, coating, and impregnation. The composition of the present invention can be applied to the entire plant or a portion of the plant. For example, when the plant is a plant, the composition of the present invention can be applied to the entire plant or a portion of the plant. For example, the composition of the present invention can be applied to the entire aboveground part of the plant. Examples of parts of the plant include leaves, stems, trunks, roots, fruits, and seeds. Leaves are particularly examples of parts of the plant. When applying the composition of the present invention to leaves, the composition may be applied only to one of the surface and the underside of the leaf, or both. Examples of application to the plant include foliar dispersal and root soaking. Examples of application to the growth medium include dispersal, irrigation, and mixing. Specifically, the composition of the present invention may be applied (e.g., dispersed) to the growth medium via an irrigation pipe. Application to the growth medium may be carried out in a manner that allows the active ingredient to reach the location where it can act on the plant. For example, application to the medium in which the plant is cultivated may be carried out in a manner that allows the active ingredient to reach the rhizosphere of the plant.

[0216] The timing of application of the compositions of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the desired effect, such as inducing tolerance to high-temperature stress, is achieved. The timing of application can be appropriately selected based on various conditions, such as the type of active ingredient, plant species, plant cultivation method, plant growth stage, the nature of the high-temperature stress conditions, and the severity of high-temperature stress symptoms. For example, the compositions of the present invention can be applied to plants before the onset of high-temperature stress symptoms. By applying the compositions of the present invention to plants before the onset of high-temperature stress symptoms, it is possible to alleviate potential future high-temperature stress symptoms. Alternatively, the compositions of the present invention can be applied to plants after the onset of high-temperature stress symptoms. By applying the compositions of the present invention to plants after the onset of high-temperature stress symptoms, it is possible to alleviate existing high-temperature stress symptoms. For example, the compositions of the present invention can be applied before the completion of the vegetative growth stage of the plant. Alternatively, the compositions of the present invention can be applied before the completion of the reproductive stage of the plant (specifically, pollen formation). Alternatively, the compositions of the present invention can be applied after the onset of flowering. When the active ingredients are applied to plants separately, for example, ingredient (A) can be applied before the completion of the plant's vegetative growth stage, or ingredient (B) can be applied before the completion of the plant's reproductive stage (specifically, pollen formation). The compositions of the present invention can be applied once, or twice or more. The compositions of the present invention can be applied intermittently or continuously.

[0217] The dosage of the composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the desired effect, such as the induction of tolerance to high temperature stress, can be obtained. The dosage of the composition of the present invention can be appropriately selected according to various conditions such as the type of active ingredient, the type of plant, the cultivation method of the plant, the growth stage of the plant, the manner of high temperature stress, the degree of high temperature stress symptoms, the method of application of the composition of the present invention, and the timing of application.

[0218] The dosage of the composition of the present invention, for example, based on the dosage of the liquid form of the composition of the present invention (e.g., the liquid form of the composition of the present invention containing the active ingredient at the usage concentration exemplified above), can be 100 L / ha or more, 200 L / ha or more, 500 L / ha or more, 1000 L / ha or more, 1500 L / ha or more, 2000 L / ha or more, 3000 L / ha or more, 4000 L / ha or more, 5000 L / ha or more, 7000 L / ha or more, 10000 L / ha or more, 30000 L / ha or more, 50000 ha or more, 70000 ha or more, 100000 L / ha or more, 150000 L / ha or more, 200000 L / ha or more, 300000 L / ha or more, 500000 L / ha or more, or 750000 L / ha or more, and can be less than 1000000 L / ha or less than 750000 L / ha. Below L / ha, 500,000 L / ha, 300,000 L / ha, 200,000 L / ha, 150,000 L / ha, 100,000 L / ha, 70,000 L / ha, 50,000 L / ha, 30,000 L / ha, 10,000 L / ha, 9,000 L / ha, 8,000 L / ha, 7,000 L / ha, 6,000 L / ha, 5,000 L / ha, 4,000 L / ha, 3,000 L / ha, 2,000 L / ha, or 1,500 L / ha, or combinations thereof, can also be considered non-contradictory. Specifically, the dosage of the composition of the present invention, for example, based on the dosage of the composition of the present invention in liquid form (e.g., the dosage of the composition of the present invention in liquid form containing the active ingredient at the usage concentration exemplified above), can be 100 L / ha to 1500 L / ha, 1500 L / ha to 5000 L / ha, 5000 L / ha to 10000 L / ha, 10000 L / ha to 30000 L / ha, 30000 L / ha to 50000 L / ha, 50000 L / ha to 100000 L / ha, 100000 L / ha to 150000 L / ha, 150000 L / ha to 200000 L / ha, 200000 L / ha to 500000 L / ha, or 500000 L / ha to 10000000 L / ha.Specifically, the dosage of the composition of the present invention, for example, based on the dosage of the composition of the present invention in liquid form (e.g., the dosage of the composition of the present invention in liquid form containing the active ingredient at the usage concentration exemplified above), can be 100 L / ha to 1,000,000 L / ha, 200 L / ha to 1,000,000 L / ha, 500 L / ha to 1,000,000 L / ha, 1,000 L / ha to 750,000 L / ha, 10,000 L / ha to 750,000 L / ha, or 100,000 L / ha to 750,000 L / ha.

[0219] Furthermore, the application amount of the composition of the present invention can be set considering not only the application area (two-dimensional element) but also the three-dimensional element. That is, the application amount of the composition of the present invention can be set according to the height of the plant to which the composition of the present invention is applied (e.g., dispersed). Specifically, the application amount of the composition of the present invention, for example, in the case of plants with a height of knee-high, can be 1000 L / ha to 750000 L / ha, 1000 L / ha to 30000 L / ha, 1000 L / ha to 5000 L / ha, or 1000 L / ha to 1500 L / ha, when the composition of the present invention is in liquid form (e.g., the liquid form of the composition of the present invention containing the active ingredient at the usage concentration exemplified above). Specifically, the dosage of the composition of the present invention, for example, when measured in liquid form (e.g., the dosage of the liquid form of the composition of the present invention containing the active ingredient at the usage concentration exemplified above), can be 1500 L / ha to 750,000 L / ha, 1500 L / ha to 70,000 L / ha, 1500 L / ha to 10,000 L / ha, or 1500 L / ha to 3000 L / ha for plants ranging from knee height to human height. Specifically, the dosage of the composition of the present invention, for example, when measured in liquid form (e.g., the dosage of the liquid form of the composition of the present invention containing the active ingredient at the usage concentration exemplified above), can be 3000 L / ha to 750,000 L / ha, 3000 L / ha to 100,000 L / ha, 3000 L / ha to 30,000 L / ha, or 3000 L / ha to 5000 L / ha for plants ranging from human height to 2 meters. Specifically, the dosage of the composition of the present invention, for example, based on the dosage of the composition of the present invention in liquid form (e.g., the dosage of the composition of the present invention in liquid form containing the active ingredient at the usage concentration exemplified above), can be 5000 L / ha to 750000 L / ha, 5000 L / ha to 150000 L / ha, 5000 L / ha to 30000 L / ha, or 5000 L / ha to 7000 L / ha for plants 2 meters or taller.

[0220] When the composition of the present invention is applied to a growing medium (e.g., irrigation of the ground surface), specifically, the amount of the composition of the present invention applied, for example, in liquid form (e.g., in liquid form containing the active ingredient at the usage concentration exemplified above), can be 250,000 L / ha to 750,000 L / ha.

[0221] The composition of the present invention can be applied once or in multiple applications. For example, the composition of the present invention can be applied in two or more applications, three or more applications, five or more applications, or ten or more applications. When the composition of the present invention is applied in multiple applications, "the amount of composition of the present invention applied" refers to the total amount of composition of the present invention applied in multiple applications.

[0222] In addition, the dosage of the composition of the present invention can be set, for example, in a manner that makes the dosage of each active ingredient reach a given range.

[0223] The application rate of component (A) can be, for example, 10 μmol / ha or more, 20 μmol / ha or more, 50 μmol / ha or more, 100 μmol / ha or more, 200 μmol / ha or more, 500 μmol / ha or more, 1 mmol / ha or more, 2 mmol / ha or more, 5 mmol / ha or more, 10 mmol / ha or more, 20 mmol / ha or more, 50 mmol / ha or more, 100 mmol / ha or more, 200 mmol / ha or more, 500 mmol / ha or more, 1 mol / ha or more, 2 mol / ha or more, 5 mol / ha or more, 10 mol / ha or more, 20 mol / ha or more, 50 mol / ha or more, 100 mol / ha or more, or 200 mol / ha or less, less than 500 mol / ha, less than 200 mol / ha, less than 100 mol / ha, less than 50 mol / ha, 20 Below mol / ha, below 10 mol / ha, below 5 mol / ha, below 2 mol / ha, below 1 mol / ha, below 500 mmol / ha, below 200 mmol / ha, below 100 mmol / ha, below 50 mmol / ha, below 20 mmol / ha, below 10 mmol / ha, below 5 mmol / ha, below 2 mmol / ha, below 1 mmol / ha, below 500 μmol / ha, below 200 μmol / ha, below 100 μmol / ha, below 50 μmol / ha, or below 20 μmol / ha, or combinations thereof.Specifically, the application rate of component (A) can be, for example, 10 μmol / ha ~ 20 μmol / ha, 20 μmol / ha ~ 50 μmol / ha, 50 μmol / ha ~ 100 μmol / ha, 100 μmol / ha ~ 200 μmol / ha, 200 μmol / ha ~ 500 μmol / ha, 500 μmol / ha ~ 1 mmol / ha, 1 mmol / ha ~ 2 mmol / ha, 2 mmol / ha ~ 5 mmol / ha, 5 mmol / ha ~ 10 mmol / ha, 10 mmol / ha ~ 20 mmol / ha, 20 mmol / ha ~ 50 mmol / ha, 500 mmol / ha ~ 1 mol / ha, 1 mol / ha ~ 2 mol / ha, 2 The amounts are mol / ha to 5 mol / ha, 5 mol / ha to 10 mol / ha, 10 mol / ha to 20 mol / ha, 20 mol / ha to 50 mol / ha, 50 mol / ha to 100 mol / ha, 100 mol / ha to 200 mol / ha, or 200 mol / ha to 500 mol / ha. When using two or more components (A), the application amounts of these two or more components (A) can be set independently or collectively within the range of the application amounts of component (A) exemplified above. Where two or more components (A) are used, unless otherwise specified, "application amount of component (A)" refers to the total application amount of these two or more components (A). When the composition of the present invention is applied in multiple applications, "application amount of component (A)" refers to the total application amount of component (A) in the multiple applications.

[0224] When at least component A1 is used as component (A), the amount of component A1 applied may be, for example, 500 mmol / ha or more, 1 mol / ha or more, 2 mol / ha or more, 5 mol / ha or more, 10 mol / ha or more, 20 mol / ha or more, 50 mol / ha or more, 100 mol / ha or more, or 200 mol / ha or less, or less than 500 mol / ha, less than 200 mol / ha, less than 100 mol / ha, less than 50 mol / ha, less than 20 mol / ha, less than 10 mol / ha, less than 5 mol / ha, less than 2 mol / ha or less, or less than 1 mol / ha, or a non-contradictory combination thereof. Specifically, the application rate of component A1 can be, for example, 500 mmol / ha ~ 1 mol / ha, 1 mol / ha ~ 2 mol / ha, 2 mol / ha ~ 5 mol / ha, 5 mol / ha ~ 10 mol / ha, 10 mol / ha ~ 20 mol / ha, 20 mol / ha ~ 50 mol / ha, 50 mol / ha ~ 100 mol / ha, 100 mol / ha ~ 200 mol / ha, or 200 mol / ha ~ 500 mol / ha. Specifically, the application rate of component A1 can be, for example, 500 mmol / ha ~ 500 mol / ha, 1 mol / ha ~ 100 mol / ha, or 2 mol / ha ~ 20 mol / ha. When using two or more components A1, the application rates of these two or more components A1 can be set independently or collectively within the ranges of the application rates of component A1 exemplified above. Where two or more components A1 are used, unless otherwise specified, "the amount of component A1 applied" refers to the total amount of these two or more components A1 applied. Where the composition of the present invention is applied in multiple applications, "the amount of component A1 applied" refers to the total amount of component A1 applied in the multiple applications.

[0225] When at least component A2 is used as component (A), the application amount of component A2 may be, for example, 10 μmol / ha or more, 20 μmol / ha or more, 50 μmol / ha or more, 100 μmol / ha or more, 200 μmol / ha or more, 500 μmol / ha or more, 1 mmol / ha or more, 2 mmol / ha or more, 5 mmol / ha or more, 10 mmol / ha or more, or 20 mmol / ha or less, or less than 50 mmol / ha, less than 20 mmol / ha, less than 10 mmol / ha, less than 5 mmol / ha, less than 2 mmol / ha, less than 1 mmol / ha, less than 500 μmol / ha, less than 200 μmol / ha, less than 100 μmol / ha, less than 50 μmol / ha or less than 20 μmol / ha, or a non-contradictory combination thereof. Specifically, the application rate of component A2 can be, for example, 10 μmol / ha ~ 20 μmol / ha, 20 μmol / ha ~ 50 μmol / ha, 50 μmol / ha ~ 100 μmol / ha, 100 μmol / ha ~ 200 μmol / ha, 200 μmol / ha ~ 500 μmol / ha, 500 μmol / ha ~ 1 mmol / ha, 1 mmol / ha ~ 2 mmol / ha, 2 mmol / ha ~ 5 mmol / ha, 5 mmol / ha ~ 10 mmol / ha, 10 mmol / ha ~ 20 mmol / ha, or 20 mmol / ha ~ 50 mmol / ha. When using two or more components A2, the application amounts of these two or more components A2 can be set independently or collectively within the range of application amounts of component A2 exemplified above. Where two or more components A2 are used, unless otherwise specified, "application amount of component A2" refers to the total application amount of these two or more components A2. When the composition of the present invention is applied in multiple applications, "application amount of component A2" refers to the total application amount of component A2 in the multiple applications.

[0226] When at least component A3 is used as component (A), the dosage of component A3 may be, for example, 1 mmol / ha or more, 2 mmol / ha or more, 5 mmol / ha or more, 10 mmol / ha or more, 20 mmol / ha or more, 50 mmol / ha or more, 100 mmol / ha or more, 200 mmol / ha or more, or 500 mmol / ha or less, 1 mol / ha or less, 500 mmol / ha or less, 200 mmol / ha or less, 100 mmol / ha or less, 50 mmol / ha or less, 20 mmol / ha or less, 10 mmol / ha or less, 5 mmol / ha or less, or 2 mmol / ha or less, or a non-contradictory combination thereof. Specifically, the dosage of component A3 can be, for example, 1 mmol / ha ~ 2 mmol / ha, 2 mmol / ha ~ 5 mmol / ha, 5 mmol / ha ~ 10 mmol / ha, 10 mmol / ha ~ 20 mmol / ha, 20 mmol / ha ~ 50 mmol / ha, 50 mmol / ha ~ 100 mmol / ha, 100 mmol / ha ~ 200 mmol / ha, 200 mmol / ha ~ 500 mmol / ha, or 500 mmol / ha ~ 1 mol / ha. Specifically, the dosage of component A3 can be, for example, 1 mmol / ha ~ 200 mmol / ha, 2 mmol / ha ~ 100 mmol / ha, or 5 mmol / ha ~ 50 mmol / ha. When using two or more components A3, the dosages of these two or more components A3 can be set independently or collectively within the ranges of the dosages of component A3 exemplified above. Where two or more components A3 are used, unless otherwise specified, "the amount of component A3 applied" refers to the total amount of these two or more components A3 applied. Where the composition of the present invention is applied in multiple applications, "the amount of component A3 applied" refers to the total amount of component A3 applied in the multiple applications.

[0227] The dosage of component (B) can be, for example, 1 mmol / ha or more, 2 mmol / ha or more, 5 mmol / ha or more, 10 mmol / ha or more, 20 mmol / ha or more, 50 mmol / ha or more, 100 mmol / ha or more, 200 mmol / ha or more, or 500 mmol / ha or less, or less than 1 mol / ha, less than 500 mmol / ha, less than 200 mmol / ha, less than 100 mmol / ha, less than 50 mmol / ha, less than 20 mmol / ha, less than 10 mmol / ha, less than 5 mmol / ha or less, or a non-contradictory combination thereof. Specifically, the dosage of component (B) can be, for example, 1 mmol / ha ~ 2 mmol / ha, 2 mmol / ha ~ 5 mmol / ha, 5 mmol / ha ~ 10 mmol / ha, 10 mmol / ha ~ 20 mmol / ha, 20 mmol / ha ~ 50 mmol / ha, 50 mmol / ha ~ 100 mmol / ha, 100 mmol / ha ~ 200 mmol / ha, 200 mmol / ha ~ 500 mmol / ha, or 500 mmol / ha ~ 1 mol / ha. Specifically, the dosage of component (B) can be, for example, 1 mmol / ha ~ 1 mol / ha, 2 mmol / ha ~ 200 mmol / ha, or 5 mmol / ha ~ 50 mmol / ha. When using two or more components (B), the dosages of these two or more components (B) can be set independently or collectively within the range of dosages of component (B) exemplified above. Where two or more components (B) are used, unless otherwise specified, "the amount of component (B) applied" refers to the total amount of these two or more components (B) applied. Where the composition of the present invention is applied in multiple applications, "the amount of component (B) applied" refers to the total amount of component (B) applied in the multiple applications.

[0228] The dosage of the composition of the present invention exemplified above is particularly the dosage when the composition of the present invention is applied to a plant by means of dispersing the composition of the present invention to the plant body or to the medium in which the plant is cultivated.

[0229] The above description of the application method of the composition of the present invention also applies to any other case of applying the active ingredient to plants. That is, the active ingredient can be applied to plants, for example, at the usage concentration exemplified above. Additionally, the active ingredient can be applied to plants, for example, at the dosage of the active ingredient exemplified above. Furthermore, the active ingredient can be prepared into a liquid composition or similar composition containing the active ingredient and applied to plants. Regarding compositions containing the active ingredient, the description of the compositions of the present invention applies. The active ingredient can be applied to plants, particularly in liquid form. That is, specifically, the active ingredient can be prepared into a liquid composition containing the active ingredient at the usage concentration exemplified above and applied to plants. The active ingredient can be applied to plants in a pre-mixed state or separately. That is, for example, a liquid composition or similar composition containing both component (A) and component (B) can be prepared and applied to plants. Additionally, for example, a liquid composition or similar composition containing component (A) and a liquid composition or similar composition containing component (B) can be prepared separately and applied to plants. Furthermore, the active ingredient can be used in combination with other components, such as a spreading agent.

[0230] Plant cultivation can be carried out under high-temperature stress conditions. This practice is also referred to as "exposing plants to high-temperature stress" or "treating plants with high temperatures." Plant cultivation can be carried out under high-temperature stress conditions for the entire period or only for a portion of the period. The phrase "carrying out plant cultivation under high-temperature stress conditions" means that the plant is cultivated under high-temperature stress conditions for at least a portion of the period, not necessarily for the entire period. "High-temperature stress conditions" can refer to conditions that cause high-temperature stress symptoms in plants without utilizing active ingredients. Examples of high-temperature stress conditions include cultivating plants at temperatures higher than their usual cultivation temperature, where growth deteriorates compared to cultivation at normal temperatures without utilizing active ingredients. "Deteriorating growth" can refer to a decrease in the degree of growth (e.g., growth amount, growth rate) of a plant under high-temperature stress conditions compared to its normal cultivation temperature, to below 90%, 70%, 50%, 30%, 20%, or 10%, or even to a situation where no growth is detected at all. The cultivation temperature for plants under high-temperature stress conditions can be, for example, 3–20°C, 5–15°C, or 7–12°C higher than the plant's normal cultivation temperature. The optimal temperature for plant growth can be cited as the normal cultivation temperature. High-temperature treatment can be administered once, or intermittently twice or more. High-temperature treatment can be implemented intentionally or unintentionally. High-temperature treatment is usually implemented unintentionally. For example, high-temperature stress conditions may be naturally achieved based on natural environmental factors such as weather and season, thus unintentionally implementing high-temperature treatment.

[0231] The duration of each high-temperature treatment session or the total duration can be, for example, more than 3 hours, more than 6 hours, more than 12 hours, more than 1 day, more than 2 days, more than 3 days, more than 5 days, more than 7 days, more than 10 days, more than 15 days, more than 20 days, less than 50 days, less than 30 days, less than 20 days, less than 15 days, less than 10 days, less than 7 days, less than 5 days, less than 3 days, less than 2 days, less than 1 day, less than 12 hours, or less than 6 hours, or a non-contradictory combination thereof. Specifically, the duration of each high-temperature treatment session or the total duration can be, for example, 3 hours to 6 hours, 6 hours to 12 hours, 12 hours to 1 day, 1 day to 2 days, 2 days to 3 days, 3 days to 5 days, 5 days to 7 days, 7 days to 10 days, 10 days to 15 days, 15 days to 20 days, 20 days to 30 days, or 30 days to 50 days.

[0232] Furthermore, high-temperature treatment can be performed continuously or intermittently for a given period of time each day for a given number of days. The given period can be, for example, more than 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, 9 hours, or 12 hours per day, or less than 18 hours, less than 12 hours, less than 9 hours, less than 6 hours, or less than 3 hours per day, or a non-contradictory combination thereof. Specifically, the given period can be, for example, 1 hour to 3 hours, 3 hours to 6 hours, 6 hours to 9 hours, 9 hours to 12 hours, or 12 hours to 18 hours per day. Specifically, the given period can be, for example, 1 hour to 12 hours or 3 hours to 6 hours per day. The given number of days can be, for example, more than 1 day, more than 2 days, more than 3 days, more than 5 days, more than 7 days, more than 10 days, more than 15 days, more than 20 days, or more than 30 days, or less than 50 days, less than 30 days, less than 20 days, less than 15 days, less than 10 days, less than 7 days, less than 5 days, less than 3 days, or less than 2 days, or a non-contradictory combination thereof. Specifically, the given number of days can be, for example, 1 to 50 days, 3 to 20 days, or 5 to 15 days.

[0233] It should be noted that by cultivating plants using the method of the present invention, plants (specifically, plant bodies) can be obtained. Therefore, one aspect of the method of the present invention can be a method for preparing plants (specifically, plant bodies). More specifically, one aspect of the method of the present invention can be a method for preparing plants (specifically, plant bodies), which includes: cultivating plants by applying active ingredients (i.e., the aforementioned components (A) and (B)). There are no particular limitations on the method of plant cultivation. For plant cultivation, in addition to applying active ingredients, it can be carried out, for example, by methods similar to those commonly used for cultivating plants. Regarding the method of plant cultivation, as described above. The plants (specifically, plant bodies) can be harvested appropriately. That is, the method of the present invention also includes harvesting plants (specifically, plant bodies). "Harvesting" can also be used instead of "recycling". "Harvesting or recycling of plants" can also be used instead of "harvesting or recycling of plant bodies". The harvested plant (specifically, plant body) can be the whole plant body or a part of the plant body. Examples of parts of the plant body include leaves, stems, trunks, roots, fruits, and seeds. In particular, fruits can be examples of parts of the plant body.

[0234] <5> Use of active ingredients

[0235] Furthermore, this invention discloses the use of the active ingredient in the aforementioned exemplified uses. Specifically, this invention discloses, for example, the use of the active ingredient in inducing heat stress tolerance in plants, and the use of the active ingredient in the manufacture of compositions for inducing heat stress tolerance in plants.

[0236] Furthermore, the present invention discloses effective ingredients for the uses exemplified above. Specifically, the present invention discloses, for example, effective ingredients for inducing heat stress tolerance in plants, and effective ingredients for manufacturing compositions for inducing heat stress tolerance in plants.

[0237] Furthermore, this invention discloses uses of active ingredients for use in combination with other active ingredients. Specifically, for the purposes of this invention, uses of, for example, ingredient (A) in combination with ingredient (B), and uses of ingredient (B) in combination with ingredient (A) are disclosed. Each active ingredient can be used in combination with other active ingredients for the purposes exemplified above.

[0238] Example

[0239] The present invention will now be described in more detail by way of non-limiting examples. The valine used in the following experiments is L-valine.

[0240] Example 1: Evaluation of the effects of Val, IAA, and Val & IAA on inducing high-temperature stress tolerance

[0241] In this embodiment, Val (valine) and IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) were applied to tomatoes alone or in combination to evaluate the effect of inducing tolerance to high temperature stress.

[0242] Experimental materials

[0243] Tomato: Variety Regina

[0244] Plant cultivation

[0245] Two tomato seeds were sown in 10.5 cm diameter pots (SAKATA) containing 350 g of a mixture of potting soil (Combination 1) and vermiculite (potting soil:vermiculite = 3:1 (v:v)). After two weeks, one plant was retained, and the tomato plants were thinned. The tomato plants were cultivated in an artificial climate chamber according to the temperature and light conditions shown in Table 2. Soil fertilization was applied on day 35 post-sowing with 100 mL of a 500-fold diluted Hyponex solution. Watering was also provided as needed.

[0246] Material handling and high-temperature treatment

[0247] The six treatment zones shown in Table 1 were evaluated. The non-heat stress treatment + water treatment zone (No. 1) served as a positive control. The heat stress treatment zone comprised five treatment zones (No. 2–6). The growth stages and cultivation conditions of the tomato plants are shown in Table 2. The material treatment and heat treatment were administered in two groups. The material treatment in Group 1 was administered 40 days after sowing when the tomato plants had begun to flower. The material treatment in Group 2 was administered 46 days after sowing. An aqueous solution containing 0.1% Approach BI was prepared and administered via foliar dispersal. 6 mL of the aqueous solution was dispersed onto each tomato plant. Heat treatment began 24 hours after material treatment and lasted for 5 days in each group. As a heat treatment, a near-natural temperature condition was set, with the temperature gradually increasing, reaching a maximum of 35°C, and then gradually decreasing. After the heat treatment in Group 2 was completed, the tomato plants were further cultivated at room temperature for 14 days.

[0248]

[0249]

[0250] Fruit Examination

[0251] The number of tomatoes was examined from the time the materials were processed in Group 1 until the end of cultivation.

[0252] Results and discussion

[0253] Show the shape of the tomato plant just before harvest. Figure 1 Show the harvested tomatoes to Figure 2 The cumulative number of tomato fruits is displayed. Figure 3 There was no significant difference in the morphology of tomato plants between the different treatment zones. Figure 1 On the other hand, compared with the non-high temperature stress treatment + water treatment zone (No. 1), the number of tomato fruits was significantly reduced in the high temperature stress treatment + water treatment zone (No. 2). Figure 2 Based on these results, it can be concluded that high-temperature treatment caused significant damage to tomatoes. Compared to the high-temperature stress treatment + water treatment zone (No. 2), the number of tomato fruits was significantly increased in the zones that underwent high-temperature stress treatment and Val and / or IAA treatments (No. 3~6). Figure 2 In particular, the number of tomato fruits was greatest in the area treated with high temperature stress and Val and IAA (No. 6), confirming the synergistic effect of Val and IAA. Figure 2 Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the timing of tomato fruit growth between the different treatment zones. Figure 3Throughout any cultivation stage, the area without high-temperature stress treatment plus water treatment (No. 1) had the highest number of tomato fruits, followed by the area treated with high-temperature stress and Val and IAA (No. 6), while the area treated with high-temperature stress plus water treatment (No. 2) had the lowest number of tomato fruits. These results indicate that combining substances like Val, which alter plant amino acid metabolism, with substances like IAA, which have auxin-like activity, can significantly induce plant tolerance to high-temperature stress.

[0254] Example 2: Evaluation of the effects of Val, PAA, and Val & PAA on inducing high-temperature stress tolerance

[0255] In this embodiment, Val (valine) and PAA (phenylacetic acid) were applied to tomatoes alone or in combination to evaluate the effect of inducing tolerance to high temperature stress.

[0256] Experimental materials

[0257] Same as Example 1.

[0258] Plant cultivation

[0259] Same as Example 1.

[0260] Material handling and high-temperature treatment

[0261] The five treatment zones shown in Table 3 were evaluated according to the cultivation conditions shown in Table 4 (maximum temperature of 37°C), otherwise the same as in Example 1.

[0262]

[0263]

[0264] Fruit Examination

[0265] Same as Example 1.

[0266] Results and discussion

[0267] The number and weight of the harvested tomatoes are shown below. Figure 4 and 5 Compared to the non-high-temperature stress treatment + water treatment zone (No. 1), the number of tomato fruits was significantly reduced in the high-temperature stress treatment + water treatment zone (No. 2). Figure 4Based on these results, it can be concluded that high-temperature treatment caused significant damage to tomatoes. Compared to the high-temperature stress treatment + water treatment area (No. 2), no significant difference was observed in the number of tomato fruits in the areas treated with high-temperature stress and Val or PAA (No. 3-4). On the other hand, compared to the high-temperature stress treatment + water treatment area (No. 2), the number of tomato fruits increased significantly in the areas treated with high-temperature stress and Val and PAA (No. 5), confirming the synergistic effect of Val and PAA. A correlation between the number of tomato fruits and their weight was confirmed. Figures 3-4 The above results indicate that combining substances such as Val, which alter the amino acid metabolism of plants, with substances such as PAA, which have auxin-like activity, can significantly induce plant tolerance to high-temperature stress.

[0268] Example 3: Evaluation using high temperature stress tolerance genes

[0269] Experimental materials

[0270] The genetic evaluation used tomato (variety: Regina) plants.

[0271] Plant cultivation and material handling

[0272] Two tomato seeds were sown into 10.5cm diameter slotted pots (10.5cm diameter x 8.8cm height) filled with potting soil. The plants were cultivated in an artificial climate chamber under conditions of 23℃, 14 hours of light exposure (6:00 AM to 8:00 PM), and 10 hours of darkness (8:00 PM to 6:00 AM). The potting soil used was a mixture of Kumiai Nippi Horticultural Soil No. 1 (Japan Hise Co., Ltd.) and vermiculite in a 3:1 volume ratio. After one week, one plant was retained, thinned out, and cultivation continued.

[0273] The materials were dissolved in water before use. On day 25 after sowing, 0.1% of the spreading agent Approach BI (Kao Corporation) was added to the material treatment solution and dispersed throughout the plants. The treatment areas are shown in Table 5. Three tomato plants were used in each treatment area, with 2 mL of treatment solution dispersed on each plant. Twenty-four hours after dispersal, a 1.5 cm × 1.5 cm square sample was collected from the second true leaf.

[0274]

[0275] Gene expression analysis

[0276] Samples of leaves collected from tomatoes were analyzed using Maxwell. TMRNA was extracted using the RSC Plant RNA Kit (Promega) according to its instruction manual. Then, ReverTra Ace was used... TM Single-stranded cDNA was synthesized from extracted RNA using qPCR RT Master Mix (TOYOBO). Two genes associated with heat stress tolerance in tomatoes were evaluated: Heat shock factor A2 (HsFA2) and Ascorbate peroxidases (APX).

[0277] Using the cDNA described above as a template, real-time PCR was performed using the primers shown in Table 6, and the expression levels of each gene were calculated in terms of relative expression levels relative to the actin gene.

[0278]

[0279] result

[0280] The results are shown in Figure 6 (n=3). Compared with the water-based mock, no differences in the expression of SLHsfA2 and SLAPX were observed in Val, IAA, and PAA alone, while the combinations of Val&IAA and Val&PAA promoted the expression of both genes. Based on the above results, it can be concluded that the combinations of Val&IAA and Val&PAA have the effect of improving tolerance to high temperature stress.

[0281] Example 4: Tomato Pot Experiment

[0282] Experimental materials

[0283] Tomato: Home Momotaro, rootstock (Boranchi)

[0284] Plant cultivation and treatment methods

[0285] Towards 0.18m 2 Two tomato plants were planted in a planting box filled with sandy loam (SL). OK-F-1 (OATAgrio) fertilizer was used, diluted 2000 times with water and applied at a rate of 2000 mL per plant per application. Pinching was performed to leave one leaf on the fourth flower bud, and lateral buds were appropriately removed. Cultivation was carried out in a glass greenhouse under natural light.

[0286] High-temperature processing and material handling

[0287] Five treatment zones were evaluated (Table 7). The water treatment, a non-high-temperature stress treatment, served as a positive control. The high-temperature treatment included the other four treatment zones. The high-temperature treatment was implemented twice, once in the first greenhouse during the non-flowering stage and once in the fourth greenhouse during the flowering stage, each lasting 10 days. The high-temperature treatment (targeting a maximum temperature of 35°C) was implemented by opening and closing the side windows and skylights of the glass greenhouse.

[0288] For the distribution of the materials, 50 mL was distributed to each stem and leaf on the first day of the high-temperature treatment and 3 days thereafter. A spreading agent (Approach BI (Kao)) was added to each material at a final concentration of 0.05%.

[0289]

[0290] Fruit Examination

[0291] Eleven harvests and surveys were conducted until the fourth greenhouse matured.

[0292] Results and discussion

[0293] For fruit setting, 11 harvests and surveys were conducted up to the maturity of the fourth ovary.

[0294] The average maximum temperature during the first stress treatment was 29.8 degrees Celsius in the non-high-temperature stress treatment area and 33.2 degrees Celsius in the high-temperature stress treatment area. For the second stress treatment, the average temperature was 30.8 degrees Celsius in the non-high-temperature stress treatment area and 34.3 degrees Celsius in the high-temperature stress treatment area.

[0295] Figure 7 The fruit harvest weights for each treatment zone are shown. The fruit harvest weights in the water-spreading zone under high-temperature stress treatment were lower than those in the non-high-temperature stress treatment zone, indicating that high-temperature stress had been applied. Within the high-temperature stress treatment zones, the PAA 10μM + Val 5mM zone had the highest fruit harvest weights, exceeding those in the non-high-temperature stress treatment zone. This was followed by the PAA 10μM zone and the Val 5mM zone, both exceeding those in the water-spreading zone.

[0296] Figure 8 The Brix values ​​of fruits from each treatment zone are shown. No significant differences were observed between treatment zones. Generally, there is a trade-off between fruit yield and Brix; increased yield leads to decreased Brix. However, the materials supplied in this experiment were able to increase yield without causing a decrease in Brix.

[0297] The above evaluation results indicate that, compared with water treatment and individual treatments with Val and PAA, the combination of Val and PAA can significantly suppress yield reduction or achieve yield increase, and is effective as a material for improving high temperature stress tolerance.

[0298] Example 5: Rice pot experiment

[0299] Experimental materials

[0300] Rice variety: Nipponbare

[0301] Plant cultivation and material handling

[0302] Rice sowing and transplanting

[0303] Before sowing, rice seeds were sterilized with 25% antifomol and 70% ethanol. Rice seeds were placed on filter paper in petri dishes, the filter paper was thoroughly moistened with sterilized water, and the seeds were germinated in the dark at 25°C. Six days after sowing, the germinated rice seeds were transplanted into seedling trays. The potting mix in the trays was a mixture of Kumiai No. 1 soil and vermiculite in a 7:3 (V / V) ratio. The rice plants transplanted into the trays were cultivated in a chamber under the following conditions: 28°C for 14 h / daylight and 22°C for 10 h / daylight.

[0304] Rice cultivation and material processing

[0305] On June 20th, rice seedlings that had been cultivated in the growing chamber for 18 days were transplanted into magnetic pots and cultivated in an outdoor water trough system until harvest. Two seedlings were transplanted into each magnetic pot using 2.3 kg of a Kumiai No. 1 potting mix (7:3 v / v) of vermiculite. During cultivation, water was properly managed, and starting one month after transplanting, the seedlings were fertilized three times a week with ammonium sulfate and HYPONeX.

[0306] During the heading stage, one week after the rice begins to head, two treatments of material distribution and high-temperature treatment were conducted at one-week intervals. The high-temperature treatment was carried out approximately 16 hours after material distribution. The material treatment zones are shown in Table 8. Each treatment zone contained five pots. The material was diluted with water to prepare a treatment solution, to which 0.1% of the spreading agent Approach BI (Kao Corporation) was added. 60 mL of the material solution was distributed to each pot of rice. During the high-temperature treatment, the rice plants were placed in a mini-greenhouse at a temperature of approximately 37°C to 39°C for 6 hours from 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM. After the high-temperature treatment, the plants were cultivated, and on October 8th, 50 days after transplanting to Warburg pots, the above-ground parts of the plants were cut and harvested.

[0307]

[0308] Investigation

[0309] After drying the cut aboveground parts of the plant containing seeds for 15 days, the total seed weight, fertile seed weight, and seed setting were investigated. Fertile seed weight was the weight of the seeds after removing empty and sterile seeds using a threshing machine. Approximately 100–150 seeds were randomly selected from all seeds and placed into 50 mL Falcon tubes, separating them into fertile and sterile seeds. The fertile seeds were counted separately, and the percentage of fertile seeds relative to the total number of seeds was used as the seed setting rate.

[0310] Results and Investigation

[0311] Figure 9 Table 9 shows the results for total seed weight, fertile seed weight, and seed setting. Compared to the treatment without heat stress, all three items shown in the figure decreased in each treatment area under heat stress, indicating damage caused by heat. Under heat treatment conditions, for total seed weight and fertile seed weight, Val and PAA alone did not differ significantly from the water treatment, but the combined treatment of Val and PAA increased by 8.5% and 17.7%, respectively. For seed setting, Val and PAA alone, as well as their combination, all increased, especially PAA alone and the combination of Val and PAA, which increased by more than 20%.

[0312] Under high-temperature conditions, compared with the control water treatment, the combination of Val and PAA increased the total seed weight, fertile seed weight, and grain setting rate of rice. Based on these results, the combination of Val and PAA can reduce the damage to rice seed formation and growth caused by high temperature and improve high-temperature tolerance.

[0313]

Claims

1. A composition for inducing heat stress tolerance in plants, comprising the following components (A) and (B): (A) Substances that have the property of altering the amino acid metabolism of plants; (B) Substances with auxin-like activity.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein, The component (A) is one of the following components (A1), (A2), (A3), or a combination thereof: (A1) is selected from one or more components of branched-chain amino acids and their intermediates in biosynthetic and consumption pathways; (A2) Substances that have inhibitory activity against acetolactate synthase; (A3) A substance with inhibitory activity against 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase.

3. The composition according to claim 2, wherein, The component (A1) is selected from one or more of the following: pyruvate, ketobutyric acid, acetolactate, acetylhydroxybutyric acid, 2,3-dihydroxyisovaleric acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylvaleric acid, α-ketoisovaleric acid, ketomethylvaleric acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3-isopropylmalic acid, ketoisohexanoic acid, valine, leucine, isoleucine, and their derivatives.

4. The composition according to claim 2, wherein, The component (A1) is selected from one or more of valine, leucine and α-ketoisovaleric acid.

5. The composition according to claim 2, wherein, The branched amino acid is L-form.

6. The composition according to claim 2, wherein, The component (A2) is one or more components selected from sulfonylureas, imidazoline compounds, pyrimidinyl salicylic acid compounds, triazolopyrimidine sulfonamides, pyrimidinyl (thio)benzoate compounds, sulfonylaniline compounds, and sulfonylaminocarbonyl triazolone compounds.

7. The composition according to claim 2, wherein, The component (A3) is glyphosate.

8. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The component (B) is one or more components selected from indole-3-acetic acid, 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, naphthaleneacetic acid, naphthoxyacetic acid, phenylacetic acid, and their analogues.

9. The composition according to claim 1, wherein, The component (B) is one or more components selected from indole-3-acetic acid and phenylacetic acid.

10. The composition according to claim 2, used in liquid form, wherein the liquid contains the component (A1) at a concentration of 200 μM to 200 mM.

11. The composition according to claim 2, used in liquid form, wherein the liquid contains said component (A2) at a concentration of 5 nM to 5 μM.

12. The composition according to claim 2, used in liquid form, wherein the liquid contains said component (A3) at a concentration of 500 nM to 100 μM.

13. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, used in liquid form, wherein the liquid contains said component (B) at a concentration of 500 nM to 500 μM.

14. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The induction of high-temperature stress tolerance leads to the reduction of high-temperature stress symptoms.

15. The composition according to claim 14, wherein, The reduction of the symptoms of high temperature stress resulted in an increase in plant yield.

16. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The plants mentioned are plants belonging to the Poaceae family, Solanaceae family, Cucurbitaceae family, Fabaceae family, Brassicaceae family, Rosaceae family, Moraceae family, Malvaceae family, Apiaceae family, Liliaceae family, Asteraceae family, Amaranthaceae family, Ericaceae family, Vitaceae family, Rutaceae family, Rubiaceae family, Oleaceae family, Lauraceae family, Anacardiaceae family, Sapindaceae family, or Lamiaceae family.

17. A method for inducing heat stress tolerance in plants, the method comprising applying to the plants components (A) and (B): (A) Substances that have the property of altering the amino acid metabolism of plants; (B) Substances with auxin-like activity.

18. A method for preparing plant matter, the method comprising: Cultivating plants by applying the following ingredients (A) and (B), and Harvest the plant. (A) Substances that have the property of altering the amino acid metabolism of plants; (B) Substances with auxin-like activity.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, The component (A) is one of the following components (A1), (A2), (A3), or a combination thereof: (A1) is selected from one or more components of branched-chain amino acids and their intermediates in biosynthetic and consumption pathways; (A2) Substances that have inhibitory activity against acetolactate synthase; (A3) A substance with inhibitory activity against 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The component (A1) is selected from one or more of the following: pyruvate, ketobutyric acid, acetolactate, acetylhydroxybutyric acid, 2,3-dihydroxyisovaleric acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylvaleric acid, α-ketoisovaleric acid, ketomethylvaleric acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3-isopropylmalic acid, ketoisohexanoic acid, valine, leucine, isoleucine, and their derivatives.

21. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The component (A1) is selected from one or more of valine, leucine and α-ketoisovaleric acid.

22. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The branched amino acid is L-form.

23. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The component (A2) is one or more components selected from sulfonylureas, imidazoline compounds, pyrimidinyl salicylic acid compounds, triazolopyrimidine sulfonamides, pyrimidinyl (thio)benzoate compounds, sulfonylaniline compounds, and sulfonylaminocarbonyl triazolone compounds.

24. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The component (A3) is glyphosate.

25. The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, The component (B) is one or more components selected from indole-3-acetic acid, 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, naphthaleneacetic acid, naphthoxyacetic acid, phenylacetic acid, and their analogues.

26. The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, The component (B) is one or more components selected from indole-3-acetic acid and phenylacetic acid.

27. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The component (A1) is used in liquid form, and the liquid contains the component (A1) at a concentration of 200 μM to 200 mM.

28. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The component (A2) is used in liquid form, and the liquid contains the component (A2) at a concentration of 5 nM to 5 μM.

29. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The component (A3) is used in liquid form, and the liquid contains the component (A3) at a concentration of 500 nM to 100 μM.

30. The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, The component (B) is used in liquid form, and the liquid contains the component (B) at a concentration of 500 nM to 500 μM.

31. The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, The induction of high-temperature stress tolerance leads to the reduction of high-temperature stress symptoms.

32. The method according to claim 31, wherein, The reduction of the symptoms of high temperature stress resulted in an increase in plant yield.

33. The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, The plants mentioned are plants belonging to the Poaceae family, Solanaceae family, Cucurbitaceae family, Fabaceae family, Brassicaceae family, Rosaceae family, Moraceae family, Malvaceae family, Apiaceae family, Liliaceae family, Asteraceae family, Amaranthaceae family, Ericaceae family, Vitaceae family, Rutaceae family, Rubiaceae family, Oleaceae family, Lauraceae family, Anacardiaceae family, Sapindaceae family, or Lamiaceae family.

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