A human kinetic energy harvesting device based on nonlinear magnetic response

Abstract

The application discloses a human body kinetic energy collection device based on nonlinear magnetic response and belongs to the technical field of energy collection and wearable devices. The human body kinetic energy collection device comprises an upper stator disc, a lower stator disc, a rotor magnet disc, an eccentric mass block and a nonlinear modulation magnet. The upper stator disc, the rotor magnet disc and the lower stator disc are coaxially stacked to form a containing cavity for the rotation of the rotor. The eccentric mass block is fixed to the outer edge of the rotor magnet disc and provides an eccentric driving torque by using the gravity component when the human body arm swings. The nonlinear modulation magnet is fixed to the gap of the trapezoidal coil on the stator disc, and the periodic interference between the alternating magnetic poles of the rotor magnet disc and the rotor magnet disc is generated when the rotor rotates, thereby constructing a single-dual stable nonlinear potential energy field. The nonlinear electromagnetic micro energy capture device is used for efficiently collecting the low-frequency and random arm swing kinetic energy of the human body, and the limitation of the narrow resonant frequency band and high starting threshold of the conventional single stable linear system is broken through.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the fields of energy harvesting technology and wearable device technology, specifically relating to a human kinetic energy harvesting device based on nonlinear magnetic response. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing aging of the global population and the growing number of patients with chronic diseases, the demand for telemedicine and health monitoring is becoming increasingly urgent. Wearable devices and wireless sensor networks have been widely used, with smart wearable devices such as smartwatches and wristbands serving as important carriers for telemedicine. However, they face a core bottleneck: insufficient battery life. These devices are mostly battery-powered, but batteries have limitations such as limited lifespan and the need for regular replacement or charging, restricting user experience and device adoption. Providing these small electronic devices with a long-lasting power source has become a crucial issue. Therefore, utilizing environmental mechanical motion, such as human activity, vehicle vibration, and building swaying, to harvest energy has become one of the effective ways to achieve self-powered operation.

[0003] Human motion is a readily available energy source, making it an ideal candidate for wearable health systems. Activities such as walking and running, and even subtle movements like breathing or joint flexion, can generate enough mechanical energy to power small electronic devices. Integrating motion energy harvesters into wearable health systems eliminates the need for battery replacements and reduces the frequency of device charging, thus creating a seamless user experience. The frequency of everyday arm swings is generally below a few hertz, with irregular amplitude and direction changes. Traditional resonant vibration energy harvesting devices often struggle to function effectively in such low-frequency random motion.

[0004] To improve energy harvesting efficiency under low-frequency non-resonant conditions, current designs are complex and require specific installation space, which is insufficient to meet the miniaturization and simplicity requirements of wearable and other portable applications. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a kinetic energy harvesting device with a simple structure, suitable for low-frequency human movement, and capable of utilizing nonlinear magnetic force to enhance output. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, this invention provides a human kinetic energy harvesting device based on nonlinear magnetic response. This human kinetic energy harvesting device broadens the operating frequency band by introducing a nonlinear magnetic coupling mechanism, efficiently harvests energy under the non-resonant low-frequency oscillation of the human body, and achieves self-powering through an energy management module.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following specific technical solution:

[0007] The present invention provides a human kinetic energy harvesting device based on nonlinear magnetic response, the human kinetic energy harvesting device including a rotor magnet disk, an upper stator disk, a lower stator disk, an eccentric mass block and a nonlinear modulation magnet; The upper stator disk, the rotor magnet disk, and the lower stator disk are arranged coaxially in sequence; the upper stator disk and the lower stator disk are symmetrically arranged and fixedly connected; the upper stator disk is provided with an even number of hollow trapezoidal coils evenly distributed along its circumference; the rotor magnet disk can rotate freely relative to the upper stator disk and the lower stator disk; the rotor magnet disk is provided with sector-shaped permanent magnets corresponding one-to-one with the trapezoidal coils of the upper stator disk; along the circumference of the rotor magnet disk, the polarities of the sector-shaped permanent magnets are alternately arranged to provide an alternating magnetic field for the trapezoidal coils during rotation; the eccentric mass block is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the rotor magnet disk to increase the inertial mass of the rotor magnet disk so that its center of gravity deviates from the axis, and the eccentric mass block provides an eccentric driving torque for the rotor magnet disk, thereby reducing the start-up threshold of the human kinetic energy harvesting device under low-frequency excitation; The dynamic response characteristics of the rotor magnet disk are configured as follows: when the external excitation is weak, the rotor magnet disk is confined in one of the potential wells and makes small-amplitude nonlinear oscillations; when the kinetic energy accumulated by the external excitation exceeds the potential barrier, the rotor magnet disk jumps between the potential barriers or rotates continuously over a large span to increase the speed and amplitude of cutting the magnetic field lines of the stator coil. At least one of the nonlinear modulation magnets is fixedly installed on the upper stator disk or the lower stator disk; the nonlinear modulation magnet is located in the central gap of the trapezoidal coil; the polarity of the nonlinear modulation magnet is configured such that when the rotor magnet disk is in the initial static equilibrium position, the nonlinear modulation magnet and the opposing sector permanent magnet exhibit magnetic repulsion, thereby locally raising the potential energy distribution valley of the human kinetic energy harvesting device to form a potential barrier, and forming two new potential wells on both sides of the potential barrier, so that the human kinetic energy harvesting device has bistable nonlinear characteristics; When the rotor magnet disk rotates, the trapezoidal coil is used to capture the alternating magnetic field and convert it into electrical energy. The nonlinear modulation magnet and the fan-shaped permanent magnets passing in sequence generate periodically alternating magnetic repulsion and magnetic attraction. The periodically alternating magnetic interference is coupled with the gravitational restoring force of the eccentric mass block, thereby constructing a nonlinear potential energy field with multiple potential barriers and potential wells, thereby widening the response bandwidth of the human kinetic energy harvesting device to low-frequency oscillation and reducing the start-up threshold. This human kinetic energy harvesting device integrates motion capture, magnetic field drive, and power generation by utilizing the rotor magnet disk, the upper stator disk, the lower stator disk, the eccentric mass block, and the nonlinear modulation magnet.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes the central axis; One end of the central shaft is fixedly installed at the center of the upper stator disk, and the other end is fixedly installed at the center of the lower stator disk; the rotor magnet disk is mounted on the central shaft via bearings.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper stator disk, the rotor magnet disk, and the lower stator disk have the same outer diameter.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper stator disk also includes a disc-shaped printed circuit board; The surface of the printed circuit board has pads that correspond one-to-one with the pins of the trapezoidal coil. The pins of the trapezoidal coils are soldered to corresponding pads to ensure the stability of the electrical connection and mechanical structure during low-frequency oscillation; the trapezoidal coils are connected in series through printed conductors on the printed circuit board; the printed circuit board is used to algebraically sum and output the induced electromotive force generated by each trapezoidal coil. The trapezoidal coil is fixedly mounted on the side surface of the printed circuit board facing the rotor magnet disk.

[0011] Furthermore, the trapezoidal coil is made of copper wire tightly wound in a multi-layer spiral structure; the trapezoidal coil is bonded to the printed circuit board.

[0012] Furthermore, the eccentric mass block has a semi-circular arc structure and is made of high-density material.

[0013] Furthermore, the eccentric mass block is a tungsten mass block; The eccentric mass block is attached to the rotor magnet disk by adhesive bonding.

[0014] Furthermore, both the sector-shaped permanent magnet and the nonlinear modulation magnet are made of neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnet material to concentrate the closed magnetic circuit in the air gap between the upper stator disk and the lower stator disk, thereby enhancing the axial magnetic flux gradient passing through the trapezoidal coil.

[0015] Furthermore, the nonlinear modulation magnet is an independent magnet.

[0016] Furthermore, a nonlinear modulation magnet is disposed within each of the trapezoidal coils of the lower stator disk.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The human kinetic energy harvesting device of this invention is based on energy capture technology, breaking through the linear frequency limitation to achieve wide-bandgap, high-efficiency energy harvesting. When the rotor magnet disk rotates under the drive of external forces such as the swinging of a human arm, alternating magnetic interference, such as repulsion or attraction, will occur between the rotating fan-shaped permanent magnet and the stationary nonlinear modulated magnet. This nonlinear magnetic force is coupled with the gravitational restoring force provided by the eccentric mass block, constructing a nonlinear potential energy distribution with multiple potential wells in the system dynamics. This monostable-bistable structure can overcome the limitation of the inherent frequency of the monostable linear structure, obtain nonlinear frequency response characteristics, and expand the response range of the human kinetic energy harvesting device to vibration frequencies. Under low-frequency and random excitation, the rotor magnet disk can easily overcome the potential barrier to generate large-span nonlinear oscillations or even continuous rotation, significantly increasing the speed and amplitude of cutting magnetic field lines.

[0018] 2. The human kinetic energy harvesting device of the present invention has an eccentric mass block fixedly connected to the outer edge of the rotor magnet disk. The eccentric mass block creates a controllable eccentricity of the center of gravity of the rotor magnet disk. Under the action of the gravity of the eccentric mass block and the reciprocating swing of the human body, the eccentric mass block can generate a larger equivalent driving torque and significantly increase the effective rotational inertia, so that the human kinetic energy harvesting device can be sensitively started under extremely weak human body movements.

[0019] 3. The human kinetic energy harvesting device of the present invention adopts a coaxial stacked topology structure of "coil layer-magnet layer-coil layer" (single rotor and double stator), which maximizes the utilization of magnetic flux density within a very small cylindrical volume, effectively reduces the size of the device, and is highly adaptable to the internal space constraints of wearable devices. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the human kinetic energy harvesting device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the human kinetic energy harvesting device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the rotor magnet disk and eccentric mass block; Figure 4 The graph shows the relationship between the swing angle of the rotor magnet disk and the nonlinear magnetic restoring force. Figure 5 This is a graph showing the relationship between the swing angle of the rotor magnet disk and the total potential energy.

[0021] Figure label: 1-Rotor magnet disk, 2-Upper stator disk, 3-Lower stator disk, 4-Eccentric mass block, 5-Central shaft, 6-Nonlinear modulation magnet, 101-Sector permanent magnet one, 102-Sector permanent magnet two, 201-Upper trapezoidal coil, 301-Lower trapezoidal coil. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] This invention provides a human kinetic energy harvesting device based on nonlinear magnetic response, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the structure, the human kinetic energy harvesting device includes a rotor magnet disk 1, an upper stator disk 2, a lower stator disk 3, an eccentric mass block 4, and a nonlinear modulation magnet 6; wherein: The upper stator disk 2, rotor magnet disk 1, and lower stator disk 3 are arranged coaxially in sequence. The upper stator disk 2, rotor magnet disk 1, and lower stator disk 3 all have the same outer diameter, or the outer diameter of rotor magnet disk 1 is larger than the outer diameters of the upper stator disk 2 and lower stator disk 3. The upper stator disk 2 and lower stator disk 3 are symmetrically arranged and fixedly connected. The upper stator disk 2 is provided with an even number of hollow trapezoidal coils evenly distributed along its circumference. In this embodiment, for simplicity and ease of distinction, it is described using an example of the upper stator disk 2 having 8 hollow upper trapezoidal coils 201 and the lower stator disk 3 having 8 hollow lower trapezoidal coils 301. One of each of the 8 upper trapezoidal coils 201 of the upper stator disk 2 and the 8 lower trapezoidal coils 301 of the lower stator disk 3 is selected and labeled, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the upper trapezoidal coil 201 is arranged closely in a circumferential array along the upper stator disk 2; the lower trapezoidal coil 301 is arranged closely in a circumferential array along the lower stator disk 3.

[0024] The rotor magnet disk 1 can rotate freely relative to the upper stator disk 2 and the lower stator disk 3. The rotor magnet disk 1 is equipped with sector-shaped permanent magnets that correspond one-to-one with the upper trapezoidal coils 201 of the upper stator disk 2. Since the upper stator disk 2 and the lower stator disk 3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotor magnet disk 1, the sector-shaped permanent magnets can correspond one-to-one with the upper trapezoidal coils 201 and also one-to-one with the lower trapezoidal coils 301. In this embodiment, a rotor magnet disk 1 with eight sector-shaped permanent magnets is used as an example. To simplify the description, only two adjacent sector-shaped permanent magnets with opposite polarities are selected from the eight sector-shaped permanent magnets of the rotor magnet disk 1 for labeling, such as... Figure 3 As shown, along the circumference of the rotor magnet disk 1, the polarities of the sector-shaped permanent magnets are arranged alternately to provide an alternating magnetic field for the trapezoidal coil during rotation, i.e., as shown... Figure 3As shown, the rotor magnet disk 1 has 8 sector-shaped permanent magnets, including 4 sector-shaped permanent magnets 101 and 4 sector-shaped permanent magnets 102. The polarity of sector-shaped permanent magnets 101 is N pole, and the polarity of sector-shaped permanent magnets 102 is S pole. Along the circumference of the rotor magnet disk 1, sector-shaped permanent magnets 101 are on both sides of sector-shaped permanent magnets 102, and similarly, sector-shaped permanent magnets 101 are on both sides of sector-shaped permanent magnets 102. Sector-shaped permanent magnets 101 and sector-shaped permanent magnets 102 have the same size.

[0025] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the eccentric mass block 4 is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the rotor magnet disk 1, for example, the eccentric mass block 4 is installed on the rotor magnet disk 1 by adhesive bonding. The eccentric mass block 4 is located on the outer edge of the rotor magnet disk 1, and is used to increase the inertial mass of the rotor magnet disk 1 so that its center of gravity deviates from the axis. The eccentric mass block 4 provides an eccentric driving torque to the rotor magnet disk 1, thereby reducing the start-up threshold of the human kinetic energy harvesting device under low-frequency excitation. The eccentric mass block 4 can be a semi-circular arc structure and made of high-density material. The eccentric mass block 4 can be a tungsten mass block. When the human arm swings back and forth, the eccentric mass block 4 uses the gravitational component to provide an eccentric driving torque to the rotor magnet disk 1, which greatly reduces the start-up threshold of the human kinetic energy harvesting device under low-frequency excitation.

[0026] The dynamic response characteristics of the rotor magnet disk 1 are configured as follows: when the external excitation is weak, the rotor magnet disk 1 is confined in one of the potential wells and makes small-amplitude nonlinear oscillations; when the kinetic energy accumulated by the external excitation crosses the potential barrier, the rotor magnet disk 1 undergoes inter-well jumps or continuous large-span rotations to increase the speed and amplitude of cutting the magnetic field lines of the stator coil.

[0027] At least one nonlinear modulation magnet 6 is fixedly mounted on the upper stator disk 2 or the lower stator disk 3. In this embodiment, the nonlinear modulation magnet 6 is positioned at the center of one of the lower trapezoidal coils 301 on the lower stator disk 3; the nonlinear modulation magnet 6 is located in the central gap of the lower trapezoidal coil 301. The polarity orientation of the nonlinear modulation magnet 6 is configured such that when the rotor magnet disk 1 is in the initial static equilibrium position, the nonlinear modulation magnet 6 exhibits magnetic repulsion with the opposing sector permanent magnet, thereby locally raising the potential energy distribution valley of the human kinetic energy harvesting device to form a potential barrier, and forming two new potential wells on both sides of the potential barrier, giving the human kinetic energy harvesting device bistable nonlinear characteristics. The nonlinear modulation magnet 6 is an independent magnet. In this embodiment, the example of setting only one nonlinear modulation magnet 6 is used for illustration. In actual use, a nonlinear modulation magnet 6 can be set in each of the lower trapezoidal coils 301 of the lower stator disk 3, or a nonlinear modulation magnet 6 can be set in two, three or more of the lower trapezoidal coils 301 respectively.

[0028] When the rotor magnet disk 1 rotates, the trapezoidal coil is used to capture the alternating magnetic field and convert it into electrical energy. The nonlinear modulation magnet 6 and the fan-shaped permanent magnets passing by in sequence generate periodically alternating magnetic repulsion and magnetic attraction. The periodically alternating magnetic interference is coupled with the gravitational restoring force of the eccentric mass block 4, thereby constructing a nonlinear potential energy field with multiple potential barriers and potential wells, thus widening the response bandwidth of the human kinetic energy harvesting device to low-frequency oscillation and reducing the start-up threshold.

[0029] This human kinetic energy harvesting device integrates motion capture, magnetic field drive, and power generation by using a rotor magnet disk 1, an upper stator disk 2, a lower stator disk 3, an eccentric mass block 4, and a nonlinear modulation magnet 6.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the aforementioned human kinetic energy harvesting device also includes a central shaft 5; one end of the central shaft 5 is fixedly installed at the center of the upper stator disk 2, and the other end is fixedly installed at the center of the lower stator disk 3; the upper stator disk 2 and the lower stator disk 3 are coaxially and fixedly connected by the central shaft 5, thereby forming a rotating support for the rotor magnet disk 1. The rotor magnet disk 1 is mounted on the central shaft 5 by bearings, which allow the rotor magnet disk 1 to rotate freely relative to the central shaft 5.

[0031] Based on the aforementioned human kinetic energy harvesting device, the upper stator disk 2 also includes a disc-shaped printed circuit board, located on one side of the upper trapezoidal coil 201. The surface of the printed circuit board has pre-drilled fine pads corresponding one-to-one with the pins of the upper trapezoidal coil 201; the pins of the upper trapezoidal coil 201 are soldered to the corresponding pads to ensure the stability of the electrical connection and mechanical structure during low-frequency oscillation; each upper trapezoidal coil 201 is connected in series via printed wires on the printed circuit board; the printed circuit board is used to algebraically and superimpose the induced electromotive force generated by each upper trapezoidal coil 201 for output; the upper trapezoidal coil 201 is fixedly mounted on the side of the printed circuit board facing the rotor magnet disk 1. The upper trapezoidal coil 201 is made of high-purity copper wire tightly wound in a multi-layer spiral structure to reduce its internal resistance and improve electromechanical conversion efficiency; the upper trapezoidal coil 201 is firmly bonded to the corresponding printed circuit board with adhesive. Its winding process uses a multi-layer spiral structure, achieving multi-layered and uniformly arranged tight stacking through precision winding. The trapezoidal coil adopts a multi-layer tight winding method, which not only greatly increases the number of coil turns and effective induction area, but also greatly improves the sensitivity of the human body kinetic energy harvesting device to small magnetic flux changes, thereby further enhancing the kinetic energy harvesting capability under weak human body swing.

[0032] Since the upper stator disk 2 and the lower stator disk 3 are symmetrically arranged, the lower stator disk 3 has the same structure as the upper stator disk 2. That is, the lower stator disk 3 also includes a disc-shaped printed circuit board, which is located on one side of the lower trapezoidal coil 301. The surface of the printed circuit board has fine pads that correspond one-to-one with the pins of the lower trapezoidal coil 301. The pins of the lower trapezoidal coil 301 are soldered to the corresponding pads. Each lower trapezoidal coil 301 is connected in series through the printed wires of the printed circuit board of the lower stator disk 3. The printed circuit board is used to algebraically sum and output the induced electromotive force generated by each lower trapezoidal coil 301. The lower trapezoidal coil 301 is fixedly mounted on the side of the printed circuit board facing the rotor magnet disk 1. The lower trapezoidal coil 301 is made of high-purity copper wire tightly wound in a multi-layer spiral structure to reduce its internal resistance and improve electromechanical conversion efficiency; the lower trapezoidal coil 301 is firmly bonded to the printed circuit board of the lower stator disk 3 with adhesive.

[0033] Both the aforementioned sector-shaped permanent magnet and the nonlinear modulation magnet 6 are made of neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) rare-earth permanent magnet material to concentrate the closed magnetic circuit within the air gap between the upper stator disk 2 and the lower stator disk 3, thereby enhancing the axial magnetic flux gradient passing through the trapezoidal coil. Because neodymium iron boron rare-earth permanent magnet material possesses extremely high remanence and maximum energy product, it can generate an extremely strong surface magnetic field within a limited volume. Therefore, it can maximize the magnetic flux density passing through the coil under extremely stringent miniaturization space constraints. The combination of the high energy product neodymium iron boron magnet and the alternating array arrangement of opposite poles concentrates the closed magnetic circuit within the effective air gap between the upper stator disk 2 and the lower stator disk 3, greatly enhancing the axial magnetic flux gradient passing through the trapezoidal coil. When the rotor magnet disk 1 undergoes a low-frequency jump or continuous rotation under the action of nonlinear magnetic force mechanism, the high-strength magnetic field provided by the neodymium iron boron magnet can further amplify the rate of change of magnetic flux with time, thereby significantly improving the electromechanical conversion efficiency, instantaneous peak power and average output voltage of the human kinetic energy harvesting device under the low-frequency swing of the human body.

[0034] The aforementioned human kinetic energy harvesting device, by introducing a nonlinear magnetic coupling mechanism, breaks the frequency limitations of conventional linear vibration systems, efficiently harvesting the kinetic energy of low-frequency, non-resonant human body movements (arm swings) in natural environments and converting it into electrical energy. The device employs a coaxially stacked "sandwich" structure, with the upper stator disk 2 and lower stator disk 3 parallel and coaxially fixed, forming a cavity between them to accommodate the rotation of the rotor magnet disk 1. Both the upper stator disk 2 and lower stator disk 3 are mounted on disc-shaped printed circuit boards (PCBs).

[0035] As the core power generation unit of this invention, the trapezoidal coil layout design of the upper stator disk 2 and the lower stator disk 3 fully combines the output advantages of electromagnetic power generation under low frequency and large displacement conditions. Since electromagnetic energy harvesting is essentially a non-contact power generation method, the mechanical wear of the structure is minimal, which is highly suitable for the working scenario of the human arm swinging for a long time.

[0036] To maximize the rate of change of magnetic flux, the geometric profile and array layout of the trapezoidal coils are highly matched to the oscillation path of the rotor magnet disk 1. Specifically, the sector-shaped permanent magnets in the rotor magnet disk 1 and the trapezoidal coils on the upper and lower stator disks 3 have similar sector-shaped geometric profiles on the axial projection plane, maximizing the coverage of the effective magnetic field area during magnet oscillation. Eight sector-shaped areas are arranged on both the upper and lower stator disks, with each trapezoidal coil precisely corresponding to the magnetic pole region of a sector-shaped permanent magnet in spatial position, achieving a precise "one-to-one" match in the spatial structure. This matching design effectively avoids magnetic flux overlap or leakage distortion between adjacent dissimilar magnetic fields.

[0037] The rotor magnet disk 1 is located within the cavity formed by the upper stator disk 2 and the lower stator disk 3, and is mounted on the central shaft 5 via a rotatable bearing. Its plane of rotation is parallel to the upper and lower stator disks. Figure 3 As shown, the rotor magnet disk 1 consists of multiple sector-shaped permanent magnets 101 and 102 arranged closely around the circumference. Adjacent sector-shaped permanent magnets 101 and 102 are magnetized with alternating polarities along an axis perpendicular to the disk surface (i.e., N poles and S poles are arranged alternately), which is used to provide a high-density alternating magnetic field for the trapezoidal coils on the upper and lower stator disks 3 during rotation.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the nonlinear modulation magnet 6 is an independent cylindrical small magnet, which is fixed at the center gap of a specific lower trapezoidal coil 301 on the lower stator disk 3, or fixed at the center gap of a specific upper trapezoidal coil 201 on the upper stator disk 2.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the initial equilibrium position (rotor swing angle of 0°) is defined as the position where the rotor magnet disk 1 hangs naturally and remains stationary under the gravity of the eccentric mass block 4. At this time, the polarity configuration of the nonlinear modulation magnet 6 is such that the magnetic poles facing the rotor magnet disk 1 have the same polarity as the magnetic poles of the sector permanent magnet directly opposite the nonlinear modulation magnet 6, which manifests as magnetic repulsion.

[0040] When the rotor magnet disk 1 rotates around the central axis 5 under the influence of the human body's swing and the eccentric mass block 4, the stationary nonlinear modulation magnet 6 will generate periodically alternating magnetic repulsive and magnetic attractive forces with the alternating polarity sector permanent magnets 101 and 102 that pass by in sequence. For example... Figure 4As shown, the nonlinear magnetic restoring force exhibits a regular alternation of peaks and troughs with the rotor swing angle, and zero-crossing points appear at multiple swing angle positions, indicating that complex nonlinear magnetic modulation has been introduced into the system.

[0041] This alternating nonlinear magnetic force is deeply coupled with the gravitational restoring force provided by the eccentric mass 4, reshaping the dynamic potential energy distribution of the entire system. For example... Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the dashed line represents the system potential energy when the nonlinear modulation magnet 6 is not installed. At this time, the system is only affected by eccentric gravity and exhibits the "monostable" linear characteristics of a single potential well. The rotor is bound to a single equilibrium position near 0° and requires an extremely high external excitation frequency to induce resonance.

[0042] and Figure 5 The solid line represents the total potential energy of the system after installing the nonlinear modulation magnet 6. This is due to the introduction of... Figure 4 The nonlinear magnetic restoring force in the system causes the original potential energy valley near the 0° position to be locally "raised," forming a local "potential barrier." At the same time, the system dips down on both sides of the potential barrier (around the rotor swing angle ±30°), forming two new "potential wells." This topological evolution from "monostable" to "bistable" endows the system with extremely strong nonlinear dynamic characteristics.

[0043] When the external excitation (such as the low-frequency, random swinging of a human arm) is weak, the rotor magnet disk 1 oscillates slightly within one of the potential wells. Once the kinetic energy accumulated by the external excitation exceeds the central potential barrier, the rotor magnet disk 1 will undergo large-span "inter-well jumps" or even continuous rotation. This nonlinear potential well mechanism greatly reduces the system's dependence on a specific resonant frequency, broadens the device's response bandwidth to low-frequency, random vibrations, and causes a significant increase in the speed and amplitude of the rotor magnet disk 1 cutting the trapezoidal coil, thereby generating an induced electromotive force much higher than that of a traditional monostable structure.

[0044] The aforementioned human kinetic energy harvesting device may also include a rectifier and energy storage circuit electrically connected to a printed circuit board.

[0045] The aforementioned human kinetic energy harvesting device includes an upper stator disk 2, a lower stator disk 3, a rotor magnet disk 1, an eccentric mass block 4, and a nonlinear modulation magnet 6. The upper stator disk 2, rotor magnet disk 1, and lower stator disk 3 are coaxially stacked to form a cavity for rotor rotation. The eccentric mass block 4 is fixed to the outer edge of the rotor magnet disk 1, providing eccentric driving torque using the gravitational component when the human arm swings. The nonlinear modulation magnet 6 is fixed in the gap of the trapezoidal coil on the stator disk, generating periodic interference with the alternating magnetic poles of the rotor magnet disk 1 during rotor rotation, constructing a monostable-bistable nonlinear potential energy field. This nonlinear electromagnetic micro energy harvesting device efficiently harvests the low-frequency, random arm swing kinetic energy of the human body, overcoming the limitations of narrow resonant bandwidth and high start-up threshold of conventional monostable linear systems. The generated electrical energy can supply IoT nodes or wearable devices such as smartwatches and wristbands, which is of great significance for maintaining the long-term passive, autonomous, reliable, and stable operation of wireless smart terminals.

[0046] It should be noted that the number and installation position of the nonlinear modulation magnets 6 are not limited to the single configuration described above, and the following other alternative implementation methods can also be adopted: 1. Multi-point modulation array: Multiple nonlinear modulation magnets 6 can be arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically at the center gaps of multiple or all trapezoidal coils on the upper stator disk 2. By adjusting the polarity combination and magnetic field strength of multiple modulation magnets, a "multistable" nonlinear system with three or more potential wells can be constructed to further broaden the broadband response capability of the human kinetic energy harvesting device to more complex, multi-frequency human movements (such as running and jumping).

[0047] The multi-point modulation array arrangement of the nonlinear modulation magnet 6 can be arranged only in the upper stator disk 2 or only in the lower stator disk 3, but the number and distribution of the nonlinear modulation magnet 6 are the same.

[0048] 2. Edge Nonlinear Modulation: The nonlinear modulation magnet 6 can also be fixed not within the gap of the trapezoidal coil, but to the outer or inner edge of the upper stator disk 2 or the lower stator disk 3. As long as its spatial magnetic field can periodically and alternately repel and attract the leakage magnetic field or main magnetic field of the outer or inner edge of the rotor magnet disk 1, the nonlinear potential field modulation of the present invention can also be achieved. Such structural variations based on the same physical mechanism all fall within the scope of equivalent substitution of the present invention.

[0049] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0050] In summary, the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A human kinetic energy harvesting device based on nonlinear magnetic response, characterized in that, It includes a rotor magnet disk, an upper stator disk, a lower stator disk, an eccentric mass block, and a nonlinear modulation magnet; The upper stator disk, the rotor magnet disk, and the lower stator disk are arranged coaxially in sequence; the upper stator disk and the lower stator disk are symmetrically arranged and fixedly connected; the upper stator disk is provided with an even number of hollow trapezoidal coils evenly distributed along its circumference; the rotor magnet disk can rotate freely relative to the upper stator disk and the lower stator disk; the rotor magnet disk is provided with sector-shaped permanent magnets corresponding one-to-one with the trapezoidal coils of the upper stator disk; along the circumference of the rotor magnet disk, the polarities of the sector-shaped permanent magnets are alternately arranged to provide an alternating magnetic field for the trapezoidal coils during rotation; the eccentric mass block is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the rotor magnet disk to increase the inertial mass of the rotor magnet disk so that its center of gravity deviates from the axis, and the eccentric mass block provides an eccentric driving torque for the rotor magnet disk, thereby reducing the start-up threshold of the human kinetic energy harvesting device under low-frequency excitation; The dynamic response characteristics of the rotor magnet disk are configured such that when the external excitation is weak, the rotor magnet disk is confined in one of the potential wells and performs small-amplitude nonlinear oscillations. When the kinetic energy accumulated by external excitation exceeds the potential barrier, the rotor magnet disk undergoes inter-well jumps or continuous large-span rotations to increase the speed and amplitude of cutting the stator coil magnetic field lines. At least one of the nonlinear modulation magnets is fixedly installed on the upper stator disk or the lower stator disk; the nonlinear modulation magnet is located in the central gap of the trapezoidal coil; the polarity of the nonlinear modulation magnet is configured such that when the rotor magnet disk is in the initial static equilibrium position, the nonlinear modulation magnet and the opposing sector permanent magnet exhibit magnetic repulsion, thereby locally raising the potential energy distribution valley of the human kinetic energy harvesting device to form a potential barrier, and forming two new potential wells on both sides of the potential barrier, so that the human kinetic energy harvesting device has bistable nonlinear characteristics; When the rotor magnet disk rotates, the trapezoidal coil is used to capture the alternating magnetic field and convert it into electrical energy. The nonlinear modulation magnet and the fan-shaped permanent magnets passing in sequence generate periodically alternating magnetic repulsion and magnetic attraction. The periodically alternating magnetic interference is coupled with the gravitational restoring force of the eccentric mass block, thereby constructing a nonlinear potential energy field with multiple potential barriers and potential wells, thereby widening the response bandwidth of the human kinetic energy harvesting device to low-frequency oscillation and reducing the start-up threshold. This human kinetic energy harvesting device integrates motion capture, magnetic field drive, and power generation by utilizing the rotor magnet disk, the upper stator disk, the lower stator disk, the eccentric mass block, and the nonlinear modulation magnet.

2. The human kinetic energy harvesting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the central axis; One end of the central shaft is fixedly installed at the center of the upper stator disk, and the other end is fixedly installed at the center of the lower stator disk; the rotor magnet disk is mounted on the central shaft via bearings.

3. The human kinetic energy harvesting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper stator disk, the rotor magnet disk, and the lower stator disk have the same outer diameter.

4. The human kinetic energy harvesting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper stator disk also includes a disc-shaped printed circuit board; The surface of the printed circuit board has pads that correspond one-to-one with the pins of the trapezoidal coil. The pins of the trapezoidal coils are soldered to corresponding pads to ensure the stability of the electrical connection and mechanical structure during low-frequency oscillation; the trapezoidal coils are connected in series through printed conductors on the printed circuit board; the printed circuit board is used to algebraically sum and output the induced electromotive force generated by each trapezoidal coil. The trapezoidal coil is fixedly mounted on the side surface of the printed circuit board facing the rotor magnet disk.

5. The human kinetic energy harvesting device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The trapezoidal coil is made of copper wire tightly wound in a multi-layer spiral structure; the trapezoidal coil is bonded to the printed circuit board.

6. The human kinetic energy harvesting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The eccentric mass block has a semi-circular arc structure and is made of high-density material.

7. The human kinetic energy harvesting device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The eccentric mass block is a tungsten mass block; The eccentric mass block is attached to the rotor magnet disk by adhesive bonding.

8. The human kinetic energy harvesting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the sector-shaped permanent magnet and the nonlinear modulation magnet are made of neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnet material to concentrate the closed magnetic circuit in the air gap between the upper stator disk and the lower stator disk, thereby enhancing the axial magnetic flux gradient passing through the trapezoidal coil.

9. The human kinetic energy harvesting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The nonlinear modulation magnet is an independent magnet.

10. The human kinetic energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, A nonlinear modulation magnet is disposed within each of the trapezoidal coils of the lower stator disk.

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