A multi-station artificial hip joint material cross-shear abrasion evaluation test device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of artificial joint material wear test, and particularly relates to a multi-station artificial hip joint material cross-shear wear evaluation test device, which comprises a rack module, a loading module, a wear driving module, a control console and a remote monitoring module. The loading module has a plurality of independent constant force loading stations arranged in an array. The wear driving module is matched with the normal loading movement of the middle plate and the rotary movement of the rotary plate to generate cross-shear relative movement between the samples. The remote monitoring module comprises an infrared thermal imager, an acoustic sensor and an industrial camera, and performs multi-source signal fusion and wear state recognition through an embedded artificial intelligence algorithm to generate a graded early warning signal. The present application can simultaneously perform parallel testing of 12 groups of samples, has stable loading, simulates real movement, has a remote intelligent monitoring function, and significantly improves the efficiency and safety of the artificial hip joint material wear test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of artificial joint material wear testing technology, specifically a multi-station artificial hip joint material cross-shear wear evaluation test device. Background Technology

[0002] Artificial hip joints are crucial implantable devices for treating hip dysfunction caused by conditions such as avascular necrosis of the femoral head, osteoarthritis of the hip, rheumatoid arthritis, and femoral neck fractures, and are widely used in the field of total hip replacement. After implantation, the femoral head and acetabular liner of the artificial hip joint must operate under complex motion conditions, including body weight loads, gait impacts, and joint flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and rotation, resulting in cross-shear friction and wear at their contact interface. Under this cross-shear friction, the surfaces of the mating materials experience wear and fatigue damage. The resulting wear particles alter the joint fit, affecting motion stability and stress distribution. Furthermore, they may enter surrounding tissues and induce inflammatory responses, bone resorption, and prosthesis loosening, ultimately leading to artificial hip joint failure. Therefore, investigating the friction and wear properties of artificial hip joint materials under cross-shear conditions is of great significance.

[0003] Currently, the screening of artificial hip joint materials based on friction and wear performance evaluation mainly relies on in vitro wear tests. Compared with in vivo experiments, in vitro simulation experiments have advantages such as lower cost, shorter cycle time, and less interference. However, existing in vitro wear testing equipment is mostly a single-station structure, resulting in low testing efficiency and difficulty in meeting the needs of batch comparative testing of artificial hip joint materials with different material pairs and different lubrication conditions. At the same time, single-station equipment has shortcomings in terms of test consistency, repeatability, and statistical reliability, and cannot effectively support the rapid screening and performance evaluation of new wear-resistant materials. In addition, existing equipment has not fully met the requirements of ASTM F732 standard for cross-shear wear testing in terms of motion trajectory, load spectrum, and environmental simulation, resulting in a lack of interoperability of test results.

[0004] A search revealed existing patent documents such as CN202511068794.X, which discloses a simulated test machine for friction and wear of artificial joints, but the wear particles generated during the test are not easy to collect and characterize effectively; CN201510211499.5 discloses a composite motion artificial hip joint friction and wear test device, but its simulation of the lubrication medium environment is insufficient; CN202410317719.1 discloses a simulated test device for the friction and wear behavior of artificial hip joint sample surface, but its number of stations is small, making it difficult to conduct multiple sets of comparative tests simultaneously.

[0005] In addition, existing friction and wear testing equipment has significant shortcomings in terms of intelligent operation and maintenance and proactive safety protection. The lack of remote intelligent monitoring systems leaves artificial hip joint material wear evaluation experiments exposed to high-risk safety blind spots for a long time, which is fundamentally different from the requirements of laboratory safety management.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a wear testing device that can perform multi-station parallel testing, meet ASTM standard requirements, and has remote intelligent monitoring capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-station artificial hip joint material cross-shear wear evaluation test device, which realizes parallel wear testing of multiple artificial hip joint materials and matching forms under simulated physiological environment, and can perform real-time intelligent monitoring to ensure the safety of the experiment.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-station artificial hip joint material cross-shear wear evaluation test device, comprising: a frame module, used to form the main load-bearing frame of the whole machine.

[0009] A loading module, mounted on the frame module, includes multiple constant force loading stations arranged in an array, used to independently apply a constant normal load to each sample. A wear driving module, mounted on the frame module, includes a central plate and a rotating plate arranged vertically and movable relative to each other. The central plate is equipped with multiple sample loading devices corresponding to the constant force loading stations, and the rotating plate is equipped with multiple lower clamping plates corresponding to the multiple sample loading devices. The wear driving module is used to drive the central plate to perform normal reciprocating motion and drive the rotating plate to perform rotary motion, so as to generate cross-shear relative motion between the sample held by the sample loading device and the lower clamping plate.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: the loading module includes an initial loading unit, comprising a servo electric cylinder, a pull beam, and a loading rod fixedly mounted on the frame module; the output end of the servo electric cylinder is connected to the pull beam via a pull beam shaft pin; one end of the loading rod is connected to the pull beam, and the other end is connected to the middle plate, for providing vertical loading power to achieve initial loading of the sample.

[0011] The constant force loading unit includes multiple test block loading devices. Each test block loading device is equipped with a pressure spring and a pressure sensor. The pressure spring is used to apply a constant normal force to the test sample, and the pressure sensor is used to detect pressure changes in real time.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: each of the test block loading devices further includes an outer cylinder of the loading device, an inner shaft pin of the loading device, a lower cover plate of the loading device, and a pressure adjusting nut of the loading device; the pressure adjusting nut of the loading device is located above the middle plate and connected to the outer cylinder of the loading device, and is used to adjust the preload and loading size; the pressure spring and the pressure sensor are installed inside the outer cylinder of the loading device; the inner shaft pin of the loading device is located inside the outer cylinder of the loading device, and its lower end is connected to the cylindrical clamp through the lower cover plate of the loading device, and is used to clamp the test sample.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the wear drive module further includes multiple guide posts and linear bearings, the guide posts are fixedly installed on the frame module, the linear bearings are fixedly installed on the middle plate, and the middle plate is mounted on the guide posts in a way that allows it to move up and down via the linear bearings.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: the wear drive module further includes a rotary drive assembly, which includes a rotary crank device and a servo motor; the output end of the rotary crank device is connected to the rotary plate, and the servo motor is fixedly mounted on the middle plate and is connected to the rotary crank device through a reducer and a coupling.

[0015] The rotating crank device includes a crank rotating shaft, a crank rotating shaft bearing housing, an angular contact bearing, a thrust ball bearing, a crank rotating shaft end plate, a crank rotating device slider, and an upper bearing housing for the crank rotating device. The crank rotating shaft is installed in the crank rotating shaft bearing housing and rotates in cooperation with it through the angular contact bearing and the thrust ball bearing. The crank rotating shaft end plate is located above the crank rotating shaft. The crank rotating device slider is installed in the crank rotating shaft end plate. The upper bearing housing for the crank rotating device is located above the crank rotating device slider and is connected to the rotating plate.

[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention: the multiple constant force loading stations and the multiple lower clamping plates are arranged in a 4×3 array to simultaneously conduct parallel wear tests on 12 sets of samples.

[0017] As a further aspect of the present invention, it also includes a protective module, which is installed on the frame module to form a relatively enclosed test space; the protective module includes a cover plate, a dust cover, and a side cover plate; the cover plate and the side cover plate are fixedly connected to the frame module; the dust cover is located at the upper part of the bottom plate of the test machine, and together with the frame module, they form a relatively enclosed protective space.

[0018] As a further aspect of the present invention, it also includes: a remote monitoring module, which is communicatively connected to the console, comprising a multi-source sensor fusion unit and an intelligent early warning unit; the multi-source sensor fusion unit is used to collect thermal, acoustic, and visual signals during the test process; the intelligent early warning unit embeds an artificial intelligence algorithm, which is used to identify the wear state based on the signals and generate graded early warning signals.

[0019] The multi-source sensor fusion unit includes: an infrared thermal imager for acquiring the two-dimensional temperature field of the sample surface; a broadband acoustic sensor for acquiring acoustic emission signals during the friction process in real time; and a high-resolution industrial camera for acquiring wear track morphology images at regular intervals.

[0020] The intelligent early warning unit includes a multi-source fusion processor, which receives the signal, performs data fusion and wear status identification through embedded artificial intelligence algorithms, and generates graded early warning signals.

[0021] The present invention also provides a remote intelligent monitoring method based on the above-mentioned device, comprising the following steps: real-time acquisition of thermal, acoustic and visual signals during the test process through the multi-source sensor fusion unit, and time alignment and preprocessing of the signals.

[0022] The preprocessed thermal and acoustic signals are stacked in the channel dimension and input into a 3D spatiotemporal convolutional network to extract the thermal-acoustic low-level coupling features.

[0023] The preprocessed visual signal is input into the visual feature extraction network, which outputs wear morphology features.

[0024] The thermo-acoustic underlying coupling features and the wear morphology features are fused by the cross-attention fusion module to obtain a unified spatiotemporal fusion representation.

[0025] Based on the unified spatiotemporal fusion representation, the probability of the current wear stage is identified, and the abnormal evolution trend index and remaining safe duration are output to generate a graded early warning signal.

[0026] The status information and early warning signals are transmitted to a remote terminal to realize real-time display and safety interlock control of the experimental process.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention can simultaneously conduct parallel wear tests on 12 groups of samples through a 4×3 array of sample loading device and a lower clamping plate, which significantly improves the testing efficiency and supports synchronous comparative studies of different material pairs and different load conditions.

[0028] 2. This invention adopts a two-stage loading method that combines initial loading and constant force loading. The load attenuation caused by material wear is dynamically compensated by the pressure spring, and the normal force is kept constant. Combined with a multi-guide post constraint structure and a unified rotation drive source, the consistency of motion trajectory is guaranteed and the test repeatability is good.

[0029] 3. This invention generates cross-shear relative motion between the specimens through the coordinated action of the upper normal loading motion and the lower rotational motion, which truly simulates the actual service state of the artificial hip joint and fully complies with the requirements of ASTM F732 standard.

[0030] 4. This invention integrates an infrared thermal imager, an acoustic sensor, and an industrial camera, and embeds an artificial intelligence algorithm to fuse multi-source signals, enabling real-time identification and graded early warning of wear status, thus completing the leap from "passive threshold alarm" to "active intelligent early warning".

[0031] 5. This invention transmits status information and early warning signals to a remote terminal through a communication module, supporting remote real-time monitoring and emergency shutdown. Combined with the built-in graded alarm function of the control console, it significantly improves the safety of high-risk wear tests. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a front view of the multi-station hip joint material cross-shear wear testing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a side view of the multi-station hip joint material cross-shear wear testing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disc testing machine in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the constant force loading module in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating crank device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-shear wear process.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Device frame; 2. Cover plate lateral edging; 3. Cover plate; 4. Cover plate column edging; 5. First hexagon socket head cap screw; 6. Servo electric cylinder; 7. Servo motor; 8. Tie beam pin; 9. Lower tie beam; 10. Second hexagon socket head cap screw; 11. Reducer; 12. Rotary motor bracket; 13. Coupling; 14. Dust cover; 15. Disc testing machine; 16. Side cover plate; 17. Testing machine base plate; 18. Guide column fixing seat; 19. Guide column; 20. Middle plate; 21. Linear bearing; 22. Shaft elastic retaining ring; 23. Testing machine upper fixing plate; 24. Test block loading device; 25. Third hexagon socket head cap screw; 26. Lower clamping plate; 27. Rotary crank device; 28. Rotary plate; 29. ​​Loading tie rod 30. Cylindrical collet; 31. Socket head cap screw; 32. Fourth socket head cap screw; 33. Lower cover plate of loading device; 34. Outer cylinder of loading device; 35. Inner shaft pin of loading device; 36. Pressure sensor; 37. Pressure spring; 38. Waste of loading device; 39. Pressure adjusting nut of loading device; 40. Crankshaft; 41. Bearing housing of crankshaft; 42. Angular contact bearing; 43. Bearing spacer sleeve; 44. First thrust ball bearing; 45. End plate of crankshaft; 46. Slider of crankshaft; 47. Angular contact ball bearing; 48. Second thrust ball bearing; 49. Upper bearing housing of crankshaft; 50. Control console; 51. Infrared thermal imager; 52. Acoustic sensor; 53. Industrial camera. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0040] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-station hip joint material cross-shear wear testing device, including a frame module, a protection module, a loading module (including an initial loading unit and a constant force loading unit), a wear driving module, a control console, and a remote monitoring module.

[0042] I. Rack Module.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the frame module includes a device frame 1, a cover plate horizontal edging 2, a cover plate vertical edging 4, and a testing machine base plate 17. The device frame 1 is located outside the testing device and forms the main supporting skeleton. The cover plate horizontal edging 2 is located at the lateral edge of the frame, and the cover plate vertical edging 4 is located at the vertical edge of the frame. The cover plate horizontal edging 2 and the cover plate vertical edging 4 are interconnected with the device frame 1, forming the overall frame of the device. The interconnections are fixed by first hexagon socket head cap screws 5 and second hexagon socket head cap screws 10. The testing machine base plate 17 is located in the middle of the frame module and is connected to the cover plate vertical edging 4, serving to support the testing mechanism, drive mechanism, and related auxiliary components. These components together form a load-bearing platform with high rigidity and stability, providing a reliable installation foundation for multi-station wear testing.

[0044] II. Protection Module.

[0045] The protective module includes a cover plate 3, a dust cover 14, and side cover plates 16. The cover plate 3 and side cover plates 16 are fixedly connected to the cover plate's horizontal edge 2 and the cover plate's vertical edge 4, and cooperate with the frame module to form the external protective structure of the device, providing enclosure, protection, and isolation for the drive module located inside the device. The dust cover 14 is located on the upper part of the testing machine's base plate 17, and together with the cover plate's horizontal edge 2 and the cover plate's vertical edge 4, forms a relatively sealed protective space for enclosing and protecting the upper testing area. Preferably, the dust cover 14 adopts a double-door opening structure to facilitate sample installation, replacement, device maintenance, and cleaning of the testing area.

[0046] III. Loading the module.

[0047] The loading module includes an initial loading unit and a constant force loading unit.

[0048] Initial loading unit: such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the device includes a servo electric cylinder 6, a servo motor 7, a pull beam pin 8, a pull beam 9, a reducer 11, a rotary motor bracket 12, and a coupling 13. The servo electric cylinder 6 is fixedly mounted on the device frame 1 by a first hexagon socket head cap screw 5, and is used to provide vertical loading power for the testing device. The output end of the upper push rod of the servo electric cylinder 6 is connected to the pull beam 9 through the pull beam pin 8, and the loading pull rods 29 on both sides of the disc testing machine 15 are respectively connected to the pull beam 9. During operation, the servo electric cylinder 6 drives its upper push rod to reciprocate vertically, thereby driving the pull beam 9 to rise and fall synchronously, and transmitting the motion to the loading pull rods 29 on both sides through the pull beam 9, so that the loading pull rods 29 drive the middle plate 20 to move accordingly, so as to achieve the initial loading effect on the sample.

[0049] Constant force loading unit: such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it includes multiple test block loading devices 24. Each test block loading device 24 is installed on the central plate 20 by a third hexagon socket head cap screw 25 and arranged in a 4×3 array to form 12 independent test block loading stations.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, each test block loading device 24 specifically includes: a cylindrical clamp 30, a lower cover plate 33, an outer cylinder 34, an inner shaft pin 35, a pressure sensor 36, a pressure spring 37, a washer 38, and a pressure adjusting nut 39. The pressure adjusting nut 39 is located above the middle plate 20 and connected to the corresponding lower outer cylinder 34, used to adjust the preload and loading magnitude inside the loading device. The washer 38 and pressure spring 37 are installed inside the outer cylinder 34, with the washer 38 above the pressure spring 37 and the pressure sensor 36 below the pressure spring 37, used to detect pressure changes during the loading process. The inner shaft pin 35 of the loading device is located inside the outer cylinder 34 of the loading device. The lower cover plate 33 of the loading device is connected to the outer cylinder 34 of the loading device via a fourth hexagon socket head cap screw 32. The cylindrical chuck 30 is connected to the inner shaft pin 35 of the loading device via a hexagon socket head cap set screw 31, and is used to clamp and load the test block. With the above structure, each test block loading device 24 can move synchronously under the drive of the middle plate 20, and achieve constant force stable loading on the sample through its own independent loading structure and pressure detection structure, while dynamically compensating for load attenuation caused by material wear.

[0051] IV. Wear Drive Module.

[0052] The wear drive module includes a disc testing machine 15 and a rotary crank device 27.

[0053] Circular testing machine 15: such as Figure 3As shown, the system includes guide post fixing seats 18, guide posts 19, a middle plate 20, a linear bearing 21, a shaft elastic retaining ring 22, an upper fixing plate 23, a lower clamping plate 26, a rotating plate 28, and a loading tie rod 29. The four guide post fixing seats 18 are respectively installed around the perimeter of the upper surface of the base plate 17 of the testing machine using second hexagon socket head cap screws 10. The four guide posts 19 are respectively installed within their corresponding guide post fixing seats 18. The upper fixing plate 23 is fixed to the upper part of the four guide posts 19 using first hexagon socket head cap screws 5, together with the base plate 17, forming the main support structure of the disc testing machine 15. Linear bearings 21 are installed at the middle positions of the four guide pillars 19. Elastic retaining rings 22 are provided on the outer side of the linear bearings 21. The middle plate 20 is fixedly installed on the linear bearings 21 and moves vertically along the guide pillars 19 through the cooperation of the linear bearings 21 and the guide pillars 19. The elastic retaining rings 22 limit the lifting stroke of the middle plate 20. A loading rod 29 is connected to the middle plate 20. The vertical movement of the loading rod 29 drives the middle plate 20 to achieve stable lifting and lowering under the constraint of the guide pillars 19, providing a vertical loading motion basis for the wear test.

[0054] The rotating plate 28 is located below the middle plate 20. The lower clamping plate 26 is fixedly installed above the rotating plate 28 by the third hexagon socket head cap screw 25. Its arrangement corresponds to that of the test block loading device 24, which is also a 4×3 array arrangement, used to fix and clamp the test sample.

[0055] Rotary drive components: such as Figure 5 As shown, the system includes a rotary crank assembly 27, a rotary motor bracket 12, a reducer 11, and a coupling 13. The rotary crank assembly 27 is mounted above the base plate 17 of the testing machine and arranged in a 2×2 array. The rotary motor bracket 12 is fixedly mounted on the middle plate 20 by second hexagon socket head cap screws 10. The servo motor 7 is connected to the rotary crank assembly 27 via the reducer 11 and the coupling 13, and is fixedly mounted on the rotary motor bracket 12.

[0056] like Figure 5As shown, each rotating crank assembly 27 includes a crank rotating shaft 40, a crank rotating shaft bearing housing 41, an angular contact bearing 42, a bearing spacer sleeve 43, a first thrust ball bearing 44, a crank rotating shaft end plate 45, a crank rotating device slider 46, an angular contact ball bearing 47, a second thrust ball bearing 48, and a crank rotating device upper bearing housing 49. The crank rotating shaft bearing housing 41 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 17 of the testing machine by a second hexagon socket head cap screw 10. The crank rotating shaft 40 is installed inside the crank rotating shaft bearing housing 41, and a bearing spacer sleeve 43 is provided on the outer side of the crank rotating shaft 40. The angular contact bearing 42 and the first thrust ball bearing 44 are installed between the crank rotating shaft bearing housing 41 and the crank rotating shaft 40 to support and position the crank rotating shaft 40. The crank rotating shaft end plate 45 is located above the crank rotating shaft 40 and connected to the crank rotating shaft 40, and the crank rotating device slider 46 is installed inside the crank rotating shaft end plate 45. The upper bearing housing 49 of the crank rotating device is located above the slider 46 of the crank rotating device and is connected to the rotating plate 28. The upper bearing housing 49 of the crank rotating device is provided with an angular contact ball bearing 47 and a second thrust ball bearing 48 to realize the support, guidance and rotational cooperation between the corresponding components.

[0057] During operation, the servo motor 7 outputs rotational power, which is reduced in speed by the reducer 11 and transmitted to the crank shaft 40 via the coupling 13. This drives the rotating crank device 27 to rotate, thereby causing the rotating plate 28 and the sample fixed on the lower clamping plate 26 to rotate synchronously. Simultaneously, the servo electric cylinder 6 drives the middle plate 20 and the sample loading device 24 to move up and down along the guide post 19, applying a set load to the sample. Thus, the upper loading motion and the lower rotational motion work together to simulate the cross-shear contact force and relative motion state of the artificial hip joint during actual service (e.g., ...). Figure 6 As shown in the figure, parallel wear tests were performed on 12 artificial hip joint specimens.

[0058] V. Control Panel.

[0059] The control console 50 integrates servo drive control, force sensor signal acquisition, safety interlock logic, and a human-machine interface. This module receives signals from pressure sensors 36 in the initial loading unit and constant force loading unit, monitors the load status of the twelve stations in real time, and controls the micro-displacement compensation of the servo electric cylinder 6 and the motion curve of the servo motor 7 according to the test process parameters. The human-machine interface of the control console 50 can set and display key information such as test parameters, real-time force values, and cumulative wear time, and has a built-in graded alarm function: a first-level warning indicates that the force value deviates from the preset tolerance range; a second-level alarm triggers automatic shutdown protection.

[0060] VI. Remote monitoring module.

[0061] The remote monitoring module consists of a thermal infrared monitoring unit, a noise monitoring unit, a visual monitoring unit, and a multi-source fusion processor, forming a multi-dimensional monitoring system encompassing tribothermodynamics, acoustics, and visual morphology.

[0062] The thermal infrared monitoring unit includes an infrared thermal imager 51, which acquires the two-dimensional temperature field of the sample surface in a non-contact manner to capture abnormal temperature rises and hot spot migrations.

[0063] The noise monitoring unit includes a wideband acoustic sensor 52 to acquire acoustic emission signals and noise spectrum characteristics during the friction process in real time.

[0064] The visual monitoring unit consists of a high-resolution industrial camera 53, which is used to periodically acquire images of wear marks and monitor the mechanical condition within the protected space.

[0065] The multi-source fusion processor receives the three types of signals mentioned above, embeds an artificial intelligence algorithm to perform data-level and feature-level fusion, automatically identifies wear status, predicts abnormal evolution trends, and generates graded early warning signals. The processor transmits the status information and early warning signals to a remote terminal via a communication module, enabling real-time display and safety interlock control of the experimental process.

[0066] In this embodiment, the artificial intelligence algorithm is configured to perform the following steps: extracting frequency domain features from the acoustic signal and aligning it with the temperature field data in time; stacking the temperature field sequence and the acoustic frequency domain feature sequence in the channel dimension and inputting them into a 3D spatiotemporal convolutional network to extract the thermo-acoustic underlying coupling features; inputting the wear mark morphology image into a visual feature extraction network and outputting the wear morphology features; fusing the thermo-acoustic underlying coupling features and the wear morphology features through a cross-attention fusion module to obtain a unified spatiotemporal fusion representation; based on the unified spatiotemporal fusion representation, identifying the probability of the current wear stage through a state classification head, and outputting the abnormal evolution trend index and remaining safe time through a trend prediction head, thereby generating a graded early warning signal.

[0067] The specific execution steps of the artificial intelligence algorithm are as follows: Step 1: Generate a log-Mel spectrum S(t) ∈ R by dividing the acoustic signal A(t) collected by the acoustic sensor 52 into frames. F×Ts And it is aligned with the infrared thermal image sequence T(t) time to construct a synchronous time window W=[t-NΔt, t], where F is the frequency, Ts is the time, the window length is N, and the acquisition interval is Δt.

[0068] Step 2: Industrial camera 53 acquires wear images I k Map to the nearest window based on timestamp, and use the features of the previous frame when missing (and mark the time decay weight).

[0069] Step 3: The infrared thermal imager 51 acquires the temperature field, forms a thermal map, and performs thermal drift correction, outlier filtering and normalization; the spectrum map is normalized for energy; the wear image size is unified and the contrast is enhanced.

[0070] Step 4: Stack the temperature field sequence and the spectrogram sequence in the channel dimension to form a multi-channel spatiotemporal cube: X early =Concat(Seq(T), Seq(S))∈R (N×C)×H′×W′ The number of sampling frames N within the time window, the total number of channels C, the height H′ of the spatial feature map, and the width W′ of the spatial feature map.

[0071] Step 5: Input the 3D spatiotemporal convolutional network (3D-CNN + ConvLSTM hybrid module) and extract the thermal-acoustic low-level coupling features F. TA early The key capture points are: the spatiotemporal co-occurrence pattern of abnormal temperature rise regions and high-frequency noise energy bursts; and the correlation dynamics between hotspot migration trajectories and sudden acoustic emission components.

[0072] Step 6: Extract the time-series temperature evolution features f from the infrared sequence T using a ConvLSTM autoencoder. T And explicitly calculate the hotspot centroid coordinates, moving speed, and temperature gradient anomaly α. T , as an auxiliary structural feature.

[0073] Step 7: Acoustic waveforms are processed through one-dimensional temporal convolution (WaveNet layer) to obtain transient features of acoustic emission. The spectrogram is processed by a lightweight EfficientNet to extract frequency domain texture features. The two are then fused into f. A Simultaneously, handcrafted features such as spectral centroid, kurtosis, and high-frequency energy percentage are calculated to enhance interpretability.

[0074] Step 8: Wear Image I k The data is fed into a Swing Transformer or a high-resolution network (HRNet) to output wear morphology features f. V And use attention masking to locate morphological parameters such as wear width, spalling area, and furrow density.

[0075] Step 9: Combine all features (including early fusion feature F) TA early After splicing, the data is fed into the cross-attention fusion module: using the current thermal-acoustic joint features as the query and the wear visual features as the key / value, cross-temporal soft alignment of asynchronous modes is achieved; using gating units to suppress noise from failed modes (such as lens contamination, strong electromagnetic interference), a unified spatiotemporal fusion representation F is obtained. fus .

[0076] Step 10: In the fusion feature F fus Two task headers are connected in parallel above: a state classification header (fully connected + Softmax): identifying the probability of the current wear stage: P state (Normal, Initial, Stable, Dramatic, Failure). Trend Prediction Head (Time Series Transformer + Fully Connected): Input: Historical fused feature sequence; Output: Abnormal evolution trend index γ (0→1, the closer to 1, the faster the deterioration); Expected time t for hotspot migration to reach the danger zone. hot Remaining wear safety time t rem .

[0077] Step 11: Generate early warning level L based on rule + model joint decision-making: Red (Level 1 Alert) Condition: P state (Failure) > 0.8, or γ > 0.9 and t rem <Δt safe Action: Immediately trigger the safety interlock, cut off power, and alarm all passages.

[0078] Orange (Level 2 Alert) Condition: Wear condition is "severe wear", or temperature anomaly α T >α th Or, the total spectrum energy continues to increase and the rate at which hotspots migrate to the edge exceeds a threshold. Action: Push a maintenance request to reduce equipment load.

[0079] Yellow (Level 3 Alert) Conditions: Isolated abnormal temperature rises occur without hotspot migration, or there are occasional peaks in acoustic emission, and slight changes in the morphology of wear marks. Action: Increase monitoring frequency and mark as concerning.

[0080] Green (Normal): All indicators are stable, with no significant abnormal trends.

[0081] Step 12: The warning level, fusion status parameters, and key feature maps (hotspot trajectory, spectrum waterfall map, wear mark comparison) are packaged and transmitted to the remote terminal through the communication module.

[0082] Through the above-mentioned multi-physics field collaborative sensing and intelligent fusion decision-making, the present invention significantly improves the accuracy and safety of remote monitoring of wear-prone equipment.

[0083] VII. Test Operation Procedures.

[0084] The operation procedure of the device in this embodiment is as follows: First, open the double doors of the dust cover 14, and install the test samples on the cylindrical chucks 30 and lower clamping plates 26 at each station, then close the dust cover 14. Set the test parameters (loading force, rotation speed, test time, etc.) through the control console 50. Start the device, and the servo electric cylinder 6 drives the middle plate 20 to descend, so that the cylindrical chucks 30 of the test block loading device 24 contacts the sample on the lower clamping plate 26 and applies an initial load. At the same time, the pressure spring 37 provides a constant normal force, and the pressure sensor 36 monitors the load in real time and feeds it back to the control console 50. The servo motor 7 drives the rotating crank device 27, which drives the rotating plate 28 and the lower clamping plate 26 to rotate, forming a cross-shear relative motion with the upper test block loading device 24. During the test, the infrared thermal imager 51, the acoustic sensor 52, and the industrial camera 53 collect data in real time. After analysis by the multi-source fusion processor, the device operating status and wear stage are displayed on the control console 50 and the remote terminal. In case of any abnormality, the system will automatically respond according to the warning level.

[0085] This multi-station artificial hip joint material cross-shear wear evaluation test device can simultaneously conduct parallel tests on 12 groups of samples, significantly shortening the testing cycle of artificial hip joint material wear tests. It also supports synchronous comparative studies of different material pairs and different load conditions, greatly expanding the experimental throughput and data acquisition dimensions of a single device. The combination of independent initial loading at multiple stations and servo closed-loop constant force compensation ensures stable load without drift during long-term testing. The multi-point, multi-guide column constraint structure and unified rotation drive source guarantee high consistency of motion trajectories for each group of samples and repeatability of test results. This invention integrates multi-source sensing methods including thermal infrared, noise, and vision, and embeds an artificial intelligence fusion algorithm. This module can identify wear states in real time, capture abnormal temperature rises and sudden changes in acoustic signatures, and automatically identify wear mark evolution, achieving a leap from "passive threshold alarm" to "active intelligent early warning." Experimenters can monitor the equipment's operation in real time via a remote terminal and promptly stop the device remotely in case of anomalies, fundamentally improving the safety and management efficiency of high-risk wear tests. This invention not only possesses advantages such as strong multi-station parallel capability, stable loading, realistic motion simulation, and compact structure, but also achieves safe operation and maintenance across the entire time domain by introducing intelligent monitoring. It has significant application value in the screening of artificial hip joint materials, evaluation of wear performance, and related basic research.

[0086] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A multi-station artificial hip joint material cross-shear wear evaluation test device, characterized in that, include: The rack module is used to form the main load-bearing frame of the entire machine; The loading module, mounted on the frame module, includes multiple constant force loading stations arranged in an array, used to independently apply a constant normal load to each sample. The wear drive module, mounted on the frame module, includes a middle plate and a rotating plate arranged vertically and movable relative to each other. The middle plate is equipped with multiple test block loading devices corresponding to the constant force loading stations, and the rotating plate is equipped with multiple lower clamping plates corresponding to the multiple test block loading devices. The wear drive module is used to drive the middle plate to perform normal reciprocating motion and drive the rotating plate to perform rotary motion, so as to generate cross-shear relative motion between the test block loading devices and the test samples clamped by the lower clamping plates. The control console, electrically connected to the loading module and the wear drive module, is used to control the loading force and motion parameters, and to collect test data in real time. The loading module includes: The initial loading unit includes a servo electric cylinder, a pull beam, and a loading rod, which are fixedly installed on the frame module. The output end of the servo electric cylinder is connected to the pull beam through a pull beam shaft pin. One end of the loading rod is connected to the pull beam, and the other end is connected to the middle plate, which is used to provide vertical loading power to realize the initial loading of the sample. The constant force loading unit includes multiple test block loading devices. Each test block loading device is equipped with a pressure spring and a pressure sensor. The pressure spring is used to apply a constant normal force to the test sample, and the pressure sensor is used to detect pressure changes in real time. Each of the aforementioned test block loading devices further includes an outer cylinder, an inner shaft pin, a lower cover plate, and a pressure adjusting nut. The pressure adjusting nut is located above the middle plate and connected to the outer cylinder, and is used to adjust the preload and loading magnitude. The pressure spring and pressure sensor are installed inside the outer cylinder. The inner shaft pin is located inside the outer cylinder, and its lower end is connected to a cylindrical clamp via the lower cover plate, for clamping the test sample. The wear drive module also includes multiple guide posts and linear bearings. The guide posts are fixedly installed on the frame module, and the linear bearings are fixedly installed on the middle plate. The middle plate is mounted on the guide posts through the linear bearings, allowing it to move up and down.

2. The multi-station artificial hip joint material cross-shear wear evaluation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wear drive module also includes a rotary drive assembly, which includes a rotary crank device and a servo motor. The output end of the rotary crank device is connected to the rotary plate, and the servo motor is fixedly mounted on the middle plate and is connected to the rotary crank device through a reducer and a coupling. The rotating crank device includes a crank rotating shaft, a crank rotating shaft bearing housing, an angular contact bearing, a thrust ball bearing, a crank rotating shaft end plate, a crank rotating device slider, and an upper bearing housing for the crank rotating device. The crank rotating shaft is installed in the crank rotating shaft bearing housing and rotates in cooperation with it through the angular contact bearing and the thrust ball bearing. The crank rotating shaft end plate is located above the crank rotating shaft. The crank rotating device slider is installed in the crank rotating shaft end plate. The upper bearing housing for the crank rotating device is located above the crank rotating device slider and is connected to the rotating plate.

3. The multi-station artificial hip joint material cross-shear wear evaluation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple constant force loading stations and the multiple lower clamping plates are arranged in an array to conduct parallel wear tests on multiple sets of samples simultaneously.

4. The multi-station artificial hip joint material cross-shear wear evaluation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a protective module, which is installed on the frame module to form a relatively enclosed test space; the protective module includes a cover plate, a dust cover and a side cover plate; the cover plate and the side cover plate are fixedly connected to the frame module; the dust cover is set at the upper part of the bottom plate of the test machine, and together with the frame module, they form a relatively enclosed protective space.

5. The multi-station artificial hip joint material cross-shear wear evaluation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The remote monitoring module is communicatively connected to the console and includes a multi-source sensor fusion unit and an intelligent early warning unit; The multi-source sensor fusion unit is used to collect thermal, acoustic, and visual signals during the test; the intelligent early warning unit embeds an artificial intelligence algorithm to identify the wear state based on the signals and generate graded early warning signals. The multi-source sensor fusion unit includes: an infrared thermal imager for acquiring the two-dimensional temperature field of the sample surface; a broadband acoustic sensor for acquiring acoustic emission signals during the friction process in real time; and a high-resolution industrial camera for acquiring wear track morphology images at regular intervals. The intelligent early warning unit includes a multi-source fusion processor, which receives the signal, performs data fusion and wear status identification through embedded artificial intelligence algorithms, and generates graded early warning signals.

6. A remote intelligent monitoring method based on the multi-station artificial hip joint material cross-shear wear evaluation test device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The multi-source sensor fusion unit acquires thermal, acoustic, and visual signals in real time during the experiment, and performs time alignment and preprocessing on the signals. The preprocessed thermal and acoustic signals are stacked in the channel dimension and input into a 3D spatiotemporal convolutional network to extract the thermal-acoustic low-level coupling features. The preprocessed visual signal is input into the visual feature extraction network, which outputs wear morphology features. The thermo-acoustic underlying coupling features and the wear morphology features are fused by the cross-attention fusion module to obtain a unified spatiotemporal fusion representation; Based on the unified spatiotemporal fusion representation, the probability of the current wear stage is identified, and the abnormal evolution trend index and remaining safe time are output to generate a graded early warning signal. The status information and early warning signals are transmitted to a remote terminal to realize real-time display and safety interlock control of the experimental process.

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