A composite leaf spring side beam structure of ohmic damping type

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of high-speed EMU bogie side beam, and particularly relates to an ohmic damping type composite material plate spring side beam structure, which comprises an upper plate, a lower plate, rubber blocks, ohmic damping components, metal frames and rubber stacks. The upper plate and the lower plate are arranged oppositely, and a space is left in the middle. Two metal frames are respectively sleeved on both ends of the upper plate and the lower plate; the upper plate and the lower plate are respectively bent into an arc shape, and the whole forms a hollow shape with the middle sinking and both ends lifting; the rubber is clamped between the middle sinking of the upper plate and the lower plate, and the ohmic damping components are arranged in the rubber blocks; and the rubber stacks are arranged below the two metal frames. The material of the upper plate and the lower plate is selected from carbon fiber composite material. The present application not only greatly reduces the structure weight, but also has higher fatigue resistance than the existing metal material side beam structure, and has the damping energy consumption and damping effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of side beams for high-speed train bogies, specifically relating to an ohmic damping composite material leaf spring side beam structure. Background Technology

[0002] One of the key ways to further increase the speed of high-speed trains is to reduce weight. The bogie structure is not only a crucial component ensuring the normal operation of the train, but also a major area for weight reduction. Currently, bogies are primarily made of metal, resulting in significant weight, making them a primary target for future weight reduction efforts.

[0003] As the main load-bearing component of the bogie structure, the side beam has traditionally been made of metal and bears various vertical and lateral loads on the bogie. This results in a complex structure and heavy weight for the side beam, placing significant load pressure on the train wheelset system. Therefore, decoupling the structure of the bogie side beam, further optimizing its stress performance from a material-structure integration perspective, and reducing its weight are the main development trends for future new train bogie structures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the issue of excessive weight in bogie side beam structures, this invention offers a novel approach: an ohmic-damped composite leaf spring side beam structure for use as a bogie side beam structure in high-speed trains. The core technical challenge it solves is that it not only significantly reduces structural weight but also exhibits higher fatigue resistance compared to existing metal side beam structures, while simultaneously providing damping energy dissipation and vibration reduction.

[0005] A technical solution for an ohmic damping composite leaf spring side beam structure includes an upper plate, a lower plate, a rubber block, an ohmic damping component, a metal frame, and a rubber stack. The upper and lower plates are arranged opposite each other, with a space in between. Two metal frames respectively fit over the ends of the upper and lower plates; the upper and lower plates are bent downwards into arc shapes, forming a hollow shape with a sunken center and raised ends; the rubber block is sandwiched between the upper and lower plates at the sunken center, and the ohmic damping component is disposed within the rubber block; the rubber stack is disposed below the two metal frames. The upper and lower plates are made of carbon fiber composite material, which can significantly reduce weight.

[0006] Based on the above technical features: the upper plate is thicker than the lower plate.

[0007] Based on the above technical features: the upper plate has a variable cross-section, with the cross-section gradually decreasing from the middle to both ends; that is, the thickness of the upper plate varies from the middle to both ends along its axial length. The lower plate has a constant cross-section; that is, the thickness of the lower plate is constant along its axial length. The minimum thickness of the upper plate is not less than the thickness of the lower plate.

[0008] Based on the above technical features: the ohmic damping component is an Ω-shaped spring steel; the top surface of the ohmic damping component is in contact with the lower surface of the upper plate, and the two legs at the lower end are in contact with the upper surface of the lower plate.

[0009] The side beam structure of this invention is an ohmic damping composite leaf spring side beam structure with structural damping and vibration reduction function. In the above technical solution, the metal frame is used to limit the displacement and torsion of the side beams of the upper and lower plates, and to transfer all the load of the side beams to the rubber stacks at both ends. The upper plate bears most of the load transmitted from the top to the bottom of the carriage and transfers part of the load to the rubber block in the middle span; the rubber block and ohmic damping component transfer part of the load transmitted from the upper plate to the lower plate; the rubber block and ohmic damping component generate damping force through their own deformation for energy dissipation and vibration reduction, and transfer part of the load transmitted from the upper plate to the lower plate; the lower plate bears all the load transmitted from the rubber block and ohmic damping component. In principle, the load is transferred to the rubber stacks at both ends through the upper plate, lower plate, rubber block, and ohmic damping component. The damping force of the side beam comes from the middle rubber block, the ohmic damping component, and the rubber stacks at both ends.

[0010] This invention provides a novel side beam structure for the bogie structure of a new generation of high-speed trains. This side beam structure is lighter in weight, has better structural strength, and also has anti-fatigue, damping energy dissipation, and vibration reduction functions.

[0011] The ohmic damping composite leaf spring side beam structure of this invention is made of carbon fiber composite material. Carbon fiber itself is lightweight and possesses higher fatigue resistance. Furthermore, due to the presence of rubber blocks and ohmic damping components at the mid-span, the side beam of this patent not only has load-bearing function but also damping energy dissipation and vibration reduction capabilities. Specifically: 1: Carbon fiber composite side beam structures reduce weight by approximately 40% compared to traditional metal beams.

[0012] 2. As a flexible frame, the side beams, through integrated material and structural design, optimize the force transmission path, decouple the traditional frame side beams, achieve system integration, and significantly improve stability. By utilizing the properties of the materials, weight can be greatly reduced, significantly lowering operating costs.

[0013] 3: Using carbon fiber composite materials, a high-performance material, the composite material itself has excellent fatigue performance, life performance, and maintenance-free performance. By integrating the load-bearing function of the side beam, the goal of reducing the service life of existing vehicles and maintenance costs can be achieved, resulting in better economic efficiency.

[0014] 4. The structural system simultaneously possesses vibration reduction, damping energy dissipation, and load-bearing capacity, and has strong fatigue resistance and a certain impact resistance. The structural shape matches the bogie structure of rail transit vehicles, facilitating disassembly and maintenance.

[0015] In addition, the ohmic damping composite leaf spring side beam structure is of great practical significance for improving my country's high-speed train bogie technology and realizing the leapfrog development of the new generation of high-speed trains. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a side view of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the force principle of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This invention relates to the application scenario of the ohmic damping composite leaf spring side beam structure in the bogie of a high-speed train.

[0019] In the diagram: 1-Upper plate; 2-Lower plate; 3-Rubber block; 4-Ohmic damping component; 5-Metal frame; 6-Rubber stack; A-Wheel; B-Load-sharing beam; C-Load block; D-Wheel bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0020] This invention primarily provides an ohmic damping composite leaf spring side beam structure, applied to the side beam structure of high-speed train bogies, which can significantly reduce the weight of the bogie. To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be completely and clearly described and explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the content described in the embodiments of this application is only a part of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, an ohmic damping composite leaf spring side beam structure includes an upper plate 1, a lower plate 2, a rubber block 3, an ohmic damping component 4, a metal frame 5, and a rubber stack 6. The upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2 are arranged opposite each other with a space in between. The two metal frames 5 respectively fit over the two ends of the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2. The upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2 are curved downwards, forming a hollow shape with the middle sunken and the two ends raised. The rubber block 3 is sandwiched in the middle sunken part between the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2, and the ohmic damping component 4 is set inside the rubber block 3. The rubber stack 6 is set below the two metal frames 5.

[0022] The upper plate 1 and lower plate 2 are made of carbon fiber composite material. Carbon fiber composite material has excellent fatigue resistance, longer service life, and performs better than metal parts such as titanium alloy in terms of maintenance-free performance.

[0023] See Figure 2 , Figure 2This is a schematic diagram illustrating the force-bearing principle of the present invention. The force-bearing principle is as follows: the upper plate 1 is located above the rubber block 3 and the ohmic damping component 4, and the lower plate 2 is located below the rubber block 3. Both ends of the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2 are constrained by metal frames 5. The bottom surface of the metal frames 5 rests on the rubber stacks 6 at both ends of the side beam, forming a spring support integrating vibration reduction, damping energy dissipation, and load bearing. The bottom surface of the rubber stack 6 is hinged to the wheel bearing D of the high-speed train wheel A (e.g., ...). Figure 3 (As shown). The vertical load is mostly borne by the upper plate 1, and a small portion is borne by the lower plate 2. The rubber block 3 and ohmic damping component 4 in the middle of the side beam mainly provide damping energy dissipation and vibration reduction for the leaf spring side beam structure. The rubber stacks 6 at both ends of the side beam mainly transfer the load to the wheel bearings D, and provide some damping and vibration reduction for the side beam through the deformation of the rubber stacks 6.

[0024] Each component is described in detail below.

[0025] 1. Upper board 1 The upper plate 1 has a variable cross-sectional thickness along its length, being thicker in the middle and thinner at both ends. Its lower surface contacts the rubber block 3, transferring a small portion of the load to the rubber block 3. The upper plate 1 itself bears most of the vertical load transmitted from the upper carriage and other structures at its mid-span, and transfers a small portion of the load to the rubber block 3 at the mid-span. The lateral displacement and torsion of the upper plate 1 are restricted at both ends by metal frames 5. Figure 3 The load-sharing beam B and load block C of the upper car shown are only schematic diagrams. The load-sharing beam B represents the load distribution structure of the EMU bogie, and the load block C represents the structure that bears the vertical load transmitted from the vehicle and other structures above the bogie.

[0026] 2. Lower plate 2 The lower plate 2 is used to bear the load transmitted from the upper rubber block 3 and to transmit the load to the rubber stacks 6 at both ends. The thickness of the lower plate 2 is uniform in the length direction, and its upper surface is in contact with the bottom surfaces of the rubber block 3 and the two ends of the upper plate 1 respectively; the bottom surfaces of the two ends of the lower plate 2 are in contact with the metal frame 5, and the metal frame 5 restricts its displacement and torsion.

[0027] III. Rubber Block 3 Rubber block 3 is used to transmit the load from the mid-span of upper plate 1 to the mid-span of lower plate 2. At the same time, rubber block 3 is used to provide energy dissipation and damping under the reciprocating load. The upper and lower surface shapes of rubber block 3 match the side shapes of the mid-span of upper plate 1 and lower plate 2, and the surfaces fit together.

[0028] The rubber block 3 can be composed of two parts, both of which are made of the same material, and the interface is reserved for the space of the ohmic damping component 4.

[0029] IV. Ohmic damping component 4: An ohmic damping component 4 made of spring steel is embedded inside the rubber block 3 at the mid-span of the side beam. The top surface of the ohmic damping component 4 contacts the lower surface of the upper plate 1, and the two legs at its lower end contact the upper surface of the lower plate 2. The top surface of the ohmic damping component 4 contacts the lower surface of the upper plate 1 to bear part of the load transmitted by the upper plate 1, and deforms under the load. In particular, under reciprocating load, the ohmic damping component 4 generates damping force and dissipates energy through its own deformation and the cooperative deformation with the rubber block 3.

[0030] V. Metal Frame 5 The metal frame 5 is used to limit the lateral displacement and torsion of the upper plate 1 and lower plate 2 at both ends of the side beam. The metal frame 5 is rectangular, matches the shape of the upper plate 1 and lower plate 2 and is in close contact with them. The bottom surface of the metal frame 5 is in contact with the upper surface of the rubber stack 6 and transfers the load of the side beam to the rubber stack 6.

[0031] VI. Rubber pile 6 Rubber stacks 6 are used to bear the load transmitted from the entire side beam structure and provide energy dissipation and damping under cyclic loads. Rubber stacks 6 are located at both ends of the metal frame 5, and their bottoms are hinged to the wheel bearings D of the high-speed train (see details). Figure 3 The upper surface of the rubber stack 6 contacts the lower surface of the metal frame 5. The rubber stack 6 can be made of vulcanized rubber and is mainly used to bear the vertical load of the side beam and provide damping force for the side beam.

[0032] In the above technical solution, the overall structure of the side beam is decoupled from the bogie structure, meaning the side beam only bears vertical loads. The upper surface of the upper plate of the side beam in the middle of the first span only bears the vertical load transmitted from the upper carriage.

[0033] To reduce weight, both the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2 are made of carbon fiber composite material. The material of the metal frame can be selected according to requirements. The ohmic damping component 4 is made of spring steel, and the rubber stack 6 and rubber block 3 are made of vulcanized rubber. Carbon fiber composite material, metal, and other materials can all be prepared using existing processes or obtained through procurement. The thickness of the upper plate is mainly determined by mechanical calculations based on material properties and load values; these are all existing technologies.

[0034] In summary, the side beam structure as a whole only bears vertical loads. The damping force and energy dissipation are mainly generated by the material damping provided by the rubber block 3, rubber stack 6, and carbon fiber composite plate, as well as the frictional damping generated by the frictional contact between various components and the ohmic damping component 4.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ohmic damping composite material leaf spring side beam structure, characterized in that: It includes an upper plate (1), a lower plate (2), a rubber block (3), an ohmic damping component (4), a metal frame (5), and a rubber stack (6); the upper plate (1) and the lower plate (2) are arranged opposite each other with a space in the middle; the two metal frames (5) respectively fit over the two ends of the upper plate (1) and the lower plate (2); the upper plate (1) and the lower plate (2) are bent downwards into an arc shape, forming a hollow shape with the middle sunken and the two ends raised; the rubber (3) is sandwiched in the middle sunken part between the upper plate (1) and the lower plate (2), and the ohmic damping component (4) is set inside the rubber block (3); the rubber stack (6) is set below the two metal frames (5); the upper plate (1) and the lower plate (2) are made of carbon fiber composite material.

2. The Ohmic Damping Composite Material Leaf Spring Side Beam Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper plate (1) is thicker than the lower plate (2).

3. The Ohmic Damping Composite Material Leaf Spring Side Beam Structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper plate (1) has a variable cross section, which gradually decreases from the middle to both ends; the lower plate (2) has a constant cross section, and the minimum thickness of the upper plate (1) is not less than the thickness of the lower plate (2).

4. The Ohmic Damping Composite Material Leaf Spring Side Beam Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ohmic damping component (4) is an Ω-shaped spring steel; the top surface of the ohmic damping component (4) is in contact with the lower surface of the upper plate (1), and the two legs at the lower end are in contact with the upper surface of the lower plate (2).

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