A transfer trolley with patient restraining and securing function

Abstract

This invention provides a transport vehicle with patient restraint and protection functions, including a transport bed board. A closed protective space is constructed through U-shaped bars and spring-loaded self-locking guardrails to eliminate the risk of falls. Combined with multi-point restraint straps for the shoulders, arms, waist, and legs, it effectively restricts patient movement and prevents tube removal, ensuring comprehensive transport safety. The spring-loaded quick-release structure allows for easy release and locking with a simple lift, instantly releasing restraints without the need for unfastening, greatly improving emergency response efficiency. Simultaneously, the recessed hidden strap design eliminates the risk of pressure sores on the back, while the elastic material and multi-hole adjustment ensure comfortable fixation without affecting blood circulation. The one-handed quick-open function of the guardrails facilitates side operation and emergency rescue. This device integrates high safety, ease of operation, and human comfort, significantly reducing the probability of medical accidents and providing an efficient and reliable solution for transporting special patients.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the medical field, specifically to a transport vehicle with patient restraint and protection functions. Background Technology

[0002] In modern medical systems, patient transport is a crucial link connecting emergency rooms, operating rooms, intensive care units, and general wards. Its safety directly impacts patient life and recovery. However, in actual clinical practice, it is often necessary to transport special patient groups who are unconscious, agitated, experiencing seizures, suffering severe trauma, or are extremely uncooperative. These patients are highly susceptible to unconscious limb struggles, sudden sitting up, rolling over, or even attempting to remove life-sustaining tubes such as endotracheal tubes, intravenous catheters, and drainage tubes during transport. Traditional medical transport vehicles were primarily designed with ease of movement and basic load-bearing capacity in mind. Yes, but its guardrail structure is relatively simple and lacks in-depth protection considerations for the behavioral characteristics of special patients. When faced with patients with high-risk behavioral tendencies, medical staff are often forced to use temporary restraint measures, such as using ordinary bandages, sheets or non-special restraint straps to forcibly fix the patient to the vehicle. This temporary and non-standard restraint method not only makes it difficult to provide uniform and effective fixation force, but also makes it easy for the restraint straps to loosen or slip due to vehicle bumps, causing serious consequences such as the patient falling off the bed and getting injured. It may also cause skin pressure sores, nerve damage or obstructed blood circulation due to improper force points, leading to serious medical disputes and safety hazards.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN207012298U discloses a hospital intensive care unit patient transport vehicle, comprising a frame, legs, and tires. The frame has guardrails on both sides, each guardrail consisting of a hollow tube and several inserts located beneath the hollow tube. The frame has slots that mate with the inserts, and the hollow tube has an opening slot. One of these opening slots contains a plastic canopy. When a patient needs shade or rain protection during outdoor transport, the plastic canopy can be easily pulled out and fixed into the opening slot on another guardrail, thus providing shelter and protection for the patient. This invention also reduces the burden on medical staff and alleviates patient suffering, possessing advantages such as comprehensive functionality, ease of use, and simple structure.

[0004] In practical use, existing transport vehicles often have fixed guardrails and lack a quick-opening and closing mechanism for easy side operation, which increases the difficulty of handling and nursing. At the same time, traditional restraint methods rely on temporary ropes, ordinary straps, or Velcro, which are not only not securely fixed and inconvenient to adjust, but also difficult to release quickly. In emergency situations, this can delay rescue opportunities. Overall, the safety, comfort, and operational efficiency cannot meet the clinical needs of transporting special patients. Therefore, a transport vehicle with patient restraint and protection functions is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a transport vehicle with patient restraint and protection functions to address the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] A transport vehicle with patient restraint and protection functions includes a transport bed board. A mattress is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the transport bed board. U-shaped rods are symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the transport bed board. Guardrails are rotatably connected to the outer surface of the U-shaped rods. A locking rod is inserted into the inner cavity of the guardrail. A fixing block is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the locking rod. A spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the locking rod. Multiple grooves are formed on the upper surface of the mattress. Leg binding straps, waist binding straps, arm binding straps, and shoulder binding straps are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the transport bed board. Multiple locking holes are evenly formed on the outer surface of the leg binding straps, waist binding straps, arm binding straps, and shoulder binding straps. Insert rods are inserted into the inner cavity of the locking holes. A movable plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the insert rod. Telescopic rods are symmetrically fixedly connected to the lower surface of the movable plate. A spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the telescopic rods.

[0007] In one embodiment, a plurality of brackets are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the transfer bed, and brake casters are installed at the lower end of the brackets.

[0008] In one embodiment, the guardrail is U-shaped, and a crossbar is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the guardrail.

[0009] In one embodiment, multiple vertical bars are evenly and fixedly connected between the crossbar and the guardrail, and a round hole is provided on the U-shaped bar. The lower end of the locking bar is inserted into the round hole on the U-shaped bar.

[0010] In one embodiment, the upper end of the spring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the guardrail, and the lower end of the spring is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixing block.

[0011] In one embodiment, the leg straps, waist straps, arm straps, and shoulder straps are all located within the groove cavity, and the leg straps, waist straps, arm straps, and shoulder straps are all made of elastic material.

[0012] In one embodiment, the locking holes are multiple and evenly arranged on the outer surface of the leg straps, and the lower end of the insertion rod abuts against the upper surface of the transfer bed.

[0013] In one embodiment, the upper end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the moving plate, and the lower end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the transfer bed plate.

[0014] In one embodiment, an intelligent monitoring and control box is located below the transfer bed board. This box integrates a main control module, a wireless communication module, and an audible and visual alarm module. Flexible pressure sensor arrays are embedded on the inner surfaces of the leg straps, waist straps, arm straps, and shoulder straps. These arrays are used to detect the contact pressure distribution data between each strap and the patient's body surface in real time. A matrix-type weight distribution sensor is embedded inside the mattress to detect changes in the patient's center of gravity and body position on the mattress in real time. The inner surface of the guardrail is... An infrared through-beam human proximity sensor is used to detect whether the patient's limbs have crossed the inner safety boundary of the guardrail; the flexible pressure sensor array, the matrix weight distribution sensor, and the infrared through-beam human proximity sensor are all connected to the main control module; the main control module has preset pressure threshold ranges, center of gravity offset limits, and limb crossing safety distance values. When any sensor data exceeds the corresponding preset threshold, the main control module controls the audible and visual alarm module to issue graded warning signals and sends real-time warning information and current patient posture data to the nurse station terminal or handheld mobile device through the wireless communication module.

[0015] In one embodiment, an automatic emergency locking module is installed within the intelligent monitoring and control box. The output end of the automatic emergency locking module is connected to the drive end of the locking rod and the drive end of the insertion rod, respectively, and is used to respond to the emergency trigger command generated by the main control module to drive the locking rod and / or the insertion rod to perform an automatic compensation locking action. When the flexible pressure sensor array detects that the pressure value of a certain strap decreases at a rate exceeding a preset detachment rate threshold per unit time, the main control module determines that the strap is at risk of loosening and generates the emergency trigger command. The automatic emergency locking module drives the insertion rod to further shift towards the transfer bed board, reducing the gap between the insertion rod and the upper surface of the transfer bed board to compensate for the attenuation of restraint force caused by patient agitation or elastic fatigue of the strap. When the matrix weight distribution sensor detects that the patient's center of gravity shift exceeds the center of gravity shift limit value and the duration exceeds a preset time threshold, the main control module determines that the patient is at risk of falling off the bed. The automatic emergency locking module drives the locking rod to apply additional self-locking thrust towards the circular hole of the U-shaped rod to prevent the guardrail from accidentally detaching.

[0016] In one embodiment, a multi-functional vital signs monitoring panel is detachably installed at the head end of the transport bed. This panel integrates a blood oxygen saturation monitoring module, a heart rate monitoring module, and a body movement recording module. The panel is equipped with an adjustable-angle flexible cantilever support, the end of which integrates a non-contact infrared temperature probe for real-time detection of the patient's forehead or neck temperature during transport. The blood oxygen saturation monitoring module, heart rate monitoring module, body movement recording module, and infrared temperature probe are all signal-connected to the main control module. The main control module synchronously binds the received multi-dimensional vital signs data with the constraint force data detected by the flexible pressure sensor array along a time axis to generate a comprehensive patient status assessment curve. The wireless communication module pushes the comprehensive patient status assessment curve to a remote monitoring platform in real-time, supporting remote dynamic risk assessment by medical personnel during transport.

[0017] In one embodiment, the inner wall surface of the groove is coated with an antibacterial and anti-slip silicone coating. The depth of the groove is greater than the thickness of the leg straps, waist straps, arm straps, and shoulder straps, and each strap is completely submerged in the groove in its natural stored state, forming a continuous, flat support surface without protrusions on the upper surface of the mattress. An elastic winding mechanism is provided on one side of the inner wall of the groove. The roller of the elastic winding mechanism is fixedly connected to the end of the corresponding strap, and is used to automatically retract the strap into the groove by means of the spring force after the insertion rod is unlocked, so as to realize the automatic hiding and storage of the strap, avoiding scattering, tangling, and secondary pollution.

[0018] In one embodiment, an independent backup power module and a data black box storage module are disposed below the transport bed board. The independent backup power module is electrically connected to the main control module, wireless communication module, audible and visual alarm module, and automatic emergency locking module, and is used to provide uninterrupted emergency power when the external power supply is interrupted, ensuring that the restraint locking state is maintained and the alarm function continues to operate for no less than 2 hours. The data black box storage module is signal-connected to the main control module and is used to record and encrypt the restraint force change data, sensor trigger event records, automatic emergency locking action logs, and operator operation command timestamps throughout the transport process in real time, forming an unalterable transport safety event chain record for use in postoperative traceability, medical dispute identification, and nursing quality assessment.

[0019] Beneficial effects

[0020] 1. Through the cooperation of the U-shaped bar and the rotatable guardrail, combined with the spring-driven self-locking mechanism of the pin, a robust enclosed protective space is formed. When the guardrail is unfolded, the pin automatically locks into the round hole of the U-shaped bar under the action of the spring force, effectively preventing the guardrail from accidentally flipping or loosening, eliminating the risk of patients falling out of bed, and significantly improving the overall safety and stability during the transfer of special patients. At the same time, the leg straps, waist straps, arm straps, and shoulder straps can firmly fix the patient's torso and limbs to the mattress. This multi-point restraint design not only restricts the patient's disorderly movement, but also effectively prevents the patient from unintentionally removing critical life support lines such as endotracheal tubes and intravenous infusion tubes. It provides comprehensive physical safety protection for long-distance or short-distance transfer of emergency, psychiatric, and critically ill patients, greatly reducing the probability of medical accidents.

[0021] 2. By utilizing the energy storage characteristics of spring two, a highly efficient operation mode of "lift to release, release to lock" is achieved. Medical staff only need to gently lift the moving plate to overcome the spring tension and disengage the insertion rod from the locking hole, instantly releasing the restraints of one or more straps without having to untie each one individually. This is particularly suitable for time-sensitive scenarios requiring emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitation, rapid transfer, or sudden changes in patient condition. It greatly optimizes the operational process for medical staff, significantly improves emergency response efficiency and nursing convenience, and solves the problem that traditional restraint methods often involve time-consuming untying of knots or cumbersome fasteners, which can easily delay rescue opportunities. The problem is that the mattress surface has grooves to house the leg, waist, arm, and shoulder restraints, ensuring that the restraints remain flush with the bed surface when fixed. This eliminates the raised hard spots caused by traditional external restraints, preventing pressure sores or discomfort caused by uneven pressure on the patient's back, and ensuring lying comfort during long-term transport. At the same time, the restraints are made of elastic material with a multi-hole adjustment design, allowing medical staff to precisely adjust the tightness according to the patient's body shape, ensuring the effectiveness of the fixation while avoiding obstruction of limb blood circulation or nerve compression damage caused by excessive tightness.

[0022] 3. The safety of the guardrail is ensured through the design of the guardrail and the reasonable spacing of the vertical bars. The guardrail can be flipped with the help of a spring, and can be unlocked and opened with one hand, which makes it convenient for medical staff to carry, intubate or perform physical examinations from the side. This user-friendly quick-release design not only reduces the physical exertion and operational difficulty of medical staff under high-intensity work, but also ensures that the side passage can be opened as quickly as possible in an emergency, thus gaining precious golden time to save lives.

[0023] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a bottom-view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention in half section;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a partial structural breakdown diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives, and effects of this invention clearer and easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0030] This invention proposes a transport vehicle with patient restraint and protection functions.

[0031] In one embodiment, a transport vehicle with patient restraint and protection function includes a transport bed board 1, a mattress 2 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the transport bed board 1, U-shaped rods 3 symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the transport bed board 1, a guardrail 301 rotatably connected to the outer surface of the U-shaped rods 3, a locking rod 304 inserted into the inner cavity of the guardrail 301, a fixing block 305 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the locking rod 304, and a spring 306 sleeved on the outer surface of the locking rod 304.

[0032] In this device, multiple brackets 101 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the transfer bed 1. Brake casters 102 are installed at the lower end of the brackets 101. The guardrail 301 is U-shaped. A horizontal bar 302 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the guardrail 301. Multiple vertical bars 303 are evenly fixedly connected between the horizontal bar 302 and the guardrail 301. A round hole is opened on the U-shaped bar 3. The lower end of the locking rod 304 is inserted into the round hole on the U-shaped bar 3. The upper end of the spring 306 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the guardrail 301, and the lower end of the spring 306 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixing block 305.

[0033] Move the device to the patient's bedside using the brake caster 102, pull up the locking bar 304 on the guardrail 301 to overcome the elastic force of the spring 306, and the lower end of the locking bar 304 will disengage from the round hole on the U-shaped bar 3. Then rotate the guardrail 301 around the U-shaped bar 3 to the vertical protective position. After releasing the locking bar 304, under the action of the return elastic force of the spring 306, the locking bar 304 will automatically pop down and accurately insert into the corresponding round hole of the U-shaped bar 3, completing the mechanical locking of the guardrail and forming a closed protective space to prevent the patient from falling out of bed.

[0034] When it is necessary to move a patient from the side or perform a major operation, medical staff can pull the locking bar 304 upward to compress the spring 306, so that the bottom of the locking bar 304 disengages from the round hole of the U-shaped bar 3, and then the guardrail 301 can be flipped downward to open the side passage.

[0035] The U-shaped rod 3 is fixed to both sides of the transfer bed board 1, serving as the rotation axis of the guardrail. It is made of solid stainless steel. The guardrail 301 has a U-shaped frame structure, with the outer surface covered with soft anti-collision foam to prevent patients from bumping into it. The horizontal bar 302 and the vertical bar 303 together form a grid-like protective surface, effectively restricting the patient's limbs from extending. The spring 306 is a compression helical spring, sleeved on the outside of the locking rod 304. Its upper end abuts against the inner wall of the guardrail 301 or the fixing seat, and its lower end abuts against the fixing block 305. It uses elastic potential energy to provide a continuous downward pressing force. When the lower end of the locking rod 304 is inserted into the round hole on the U-shaped rod 3, the guardrail is locked. Pulling the locking rod 304 upward to compress the spring 306 can unlock the guardrail and allow it to rotate and fold around the U-shaped rod 3, making it convenient for patients to get on and off the vehicle.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the mattress 2 has multiple grooves 4 on its upper surface. The upper surface of the transfer bed board 1 is fixedly connected to leg binding straps 5, waist binding straps 6, arm binding straps 7 and shoulder binding straps 8 respectively. Multiple locking holes 501 are evenly opened on the outer surface of the leg binding straps 5, waist binding straps 6, arm binding straps 7 and shoulder binding straps 8. Insert rods 502 are inserted into the inner cavity of the locking holes 501. A moving plate 503 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the insert rod 502. Telescopic rods 504 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the lower surface of the moving plate 503. Springs 505 are sleeved on the outer surface of the telescopic rods 504.

[0037] In this embodiment, the leg straps 5, waist straps 6, arm straps 7, and shoulder straps 8 are all located in the inner cavity of the groove 4. The leg straps 5, waist straps 6, arm straps 7, and shoulder straps 8 are all made of elastic material. There are multiple locking holes 501, which are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the leg straps 5. The lower end of the insertion rod 502 abuts against the upper surface of the transfer bed plate 1. The upper end of the second spring 505 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the moving plate 503, and the lower end of the second spring 505 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the transfer bed plate 1.

[0038] Medical staff move the patient onto the mattress 2, pull out the leg straps 5, waist straps 6, arm straps 7, and shoulder straps 8 from the groove 4, lift the moving plate 503 upwards, and the insertion rod 502 moves upwards accordingly. The second spring 505 is stretched, and the straps are passed under the moving plate 503. The tightness is adjusted according to the patient's body shape so that the straps fit the body well without being too tight and hindering blood circulation. After adjustment, the most suitable locking hole 501 on the strap is aligned with the bottom of the insertion rod 502. The moving plate 503 is released, and the second spring 505 releases its elastic potential energy, pulling the moving plate 503 down quickly. This causes the insertion rod 502 to be precisely inserted into the locking hole 501 until the lower end of the insertion rod 502 abuts against the upper surface of the transfer bed board 1, thus firmly locking the straps.

[0039] If care or examination is required for a unilateral limb, medical staff only need to lift the corresponding movable plate 503 on that side again to allow the insertion rod 502 to exit from the locking hole 501, thereby releasing the restraint of the binding strap. In case of an emergency requiring immediate release of restraint or transfer of the patient, medical staff do not need to untie the knots one by one. They only need to quickly pull the insertion rod 502 out of the locking hole 501 to release the binding strap, and the patient will immediately gain freedom or be easily transported.

[0040] Leg binding straps 5, waist binding straps 6, arm binding straps 7, and shoulder binding straps 8 are all made of high-elasticity nylon webbing or medical-grade silicone elastic bands, which are skin-friendly, breathable, and have appropriate elasticity to avoid chafing the patient's skin. The locking holes 501 evenly distributed on each restraint strap are used to adjust the tightness.

[0041] Working principle: During the use of the device, the device is first moved to the patient's bedside using the brake casters 102. The wheel brakes are then applied to ensure the device is stationary. Medical staff operate the guardrail 301 to unfold and fix it according to the patient's body size and condition. The locking rod 304 on the guardrail 301 is pulled up to overcome the elasticity of the spring 306, causing the lower end of the locking rod 304 to disengage from the round hole on the U-shaped rod 3. Then, the guardrail 301 is rotated around the U-shaped rod 3 to a vertical protective position. After releasing the locking rod 304, under the restoring elasticity of the spring 306, the locking rod 304 automatically pops down and accurately inserts into the corresponding round hole of the U-shaped rod 3, completing the mechanical locking of the guardrail and forming a closed protective space to prevent the patient from falling out of bed.

[0042] When it is necessary to move a patient from the side or perform a major operation, medical staff can pull the locking bar 304 upward to compress the spring 306, so that the bottom of the locking bar 304 disengages from the round hole of the U-shaped bar 3, and then the guardrail 301 can be flipped downward to open the side passage.

[0043] When a patient needs to be transferred, medical staff move the patient onto the mattress 2, pull out the leg straps 5, waist straps 6, arm straps 7, and shoulder straps 8 from the groove 4, lift the moving plate 503 upwards, and the insertion rod 502 moves upwards accordingly. The second spring 505 is stretched, and the straps are passed under the moving plate 503. The tightness is adjusted according to the patient's body shape so that the straps fit the body well without being too tight and hindering blood circulation. After adjustment, the most suitable locking hole 501 on the strap is aligned with the bottom of the insertion rod 502. The moving plate 503 is released, and the second spring 505 releases its elastic potential energy, pulling the moving plate 503 down quickly. This causes the insertion rod 502 to be precisely inserted into the locking hole 501 until the lower end of the insertion rod 502 abuts against the upper surface of the transfer bed board 1, thus firmly locking the straps.

[0044] Because the patient's limbs and torso are fixed at multiple points, it effectively prevents the patient from falling or suffering secondary injuries due to bumps or agitation during movement. It also restricts the patient's range of motion, preventing them from struggling or pulling out the tube. The design of groove 4 ensures that the connection of the restraint straps does not bulge, ensuring the patient's comfort while lying down.

[0045] For unilateral limb care or examination, medical staff simply need to lift the corresponding movable plate 503 on that side again, causing the insertion rod 502 to exit from the locking hole 501, thus releasing the restraint of that strap. In case of emergency requiring immediate release of restraint or patient transfer, medical staff do not need to untie each knot individually; they only need to quickly pull the insertion rod 502 out of the locking hole 501 to release the restraint, allowing the patient to immediately gain freedom or be easily transported. This achieves efficient, safe, and rapid restraint fixation and release, greatly improving the efficiency and safety of emergency transport. By embedding a flexible pressure sensor array 12 inside the leg strap 5, waist strap 6, arm strap 7, and shoulder strap 8, distributed dynamic monitoring of restraint contact pressure is achieved for the first time. This allows for precise sensing of the pressure state of each strap on the patient's body surface, overcoming the blind spot problem of traditional restraint straps being "too tight causing injury or too loose falling off," fundamentally solving the technical pain point of the inability to quantify and evaluate restraint effectiveness.

[0046] The coordinated configuration of the matrix-type weight distribution sensor 13 and the infrared through-beam human proximity sensor 14 enables proactive prediction of the risk of patients falling out of bed. Unlike existing technologies that only provide passive protection after a fall has occurred, this invention uses the matrix-type weight distribution sensor 13 embedded in the mattress 2 to monitor changes in the center of gravity in real time. Combined with the infrared through-beam human proximity sensor 14 located on the inner surface of the guardrail 301 to detect limb crossing behaviors, it can issue an early warning during the abnormal posture period before the patient is about to roll over or climb the guardrail. This provides valuable time for medical staff to intervene in advance, transforming "post-event remediation" into "pre-event prevention," significantly improving the proactiveness and foresight of transport safety.

[0047] The multi-source sensor data fusion and hierarchical alarm mechanism solves the technical problems of high false alarm rate and poor clinical applicability of single sensors. This invention comprehensively analyzes the pressure data from the flexible pressure sensor array 12, the center-of-gravity data from the matrix-type body weight distribution sensor 13, and the proximity data from the infrared through-beam human proximity sensor 14 through the main control module 9. Combined with the multi-dimensional threshold logic preset within the main control module 9, it effectively filters interference signals generated by normal vehicle vibrations, avoids "alarm fatigue" caused by frequent false alarms to medical staff, and ensures the clinical reliability and practical guidance value of the warning signals.

[0048] Overcoming the technical shortcomings of traditional transport vehicles as "information silos," this technology enables nurses at the station or attending physicians to continuously monitor the patient's constraint status and posture changes during transport without moving with the vehicle via the wireless communication module 10. This provides data support for multi-departmental collaborative transport and handover, greatly improving the informatization level and safety management granularity of critical patient transport.

[0049] In existing technologies, if the leg restraints 5, waist restraints 6, arm restraints 7, or shoulder restraints 8 become loose due to the patient's violent struggles or material loosening, they must be manually readjusted. This can lead to serious consequences in unattended or emergency situations where every second counts. This invention, through the automatic emergency locking module 15 driving the insertion rod 502 to perform micro-compensation displacement, achieves dynamic adaptive maintenance of the restraint force. Even if the patient continues to agitate during transport, the restraint system can still maintain the initially set effective fixing force, eliminating the safety hazard of falling off the bed due to loose restraints.

[0050] By using the "rate of change of restraint force" as an innovative indicator for judging the risk of loosening, a more scientific and rigorous loosening early warning logic has been constructed. Unlike simple single-point threshold judgments, this invention uses a flexible pressure sensor array 12 to detect the rate of decrease in the pressure value of a certain strap within a unit of time. When this rate exceeds the preset detachment rate threshold in the main control module 9, it effectively identifies different types of loosening risks caused by instantaneous impact or gradual slippage, greatly improving the accuracy and timeliness of loosening judgment and demonstrating a high degree of technological innovation.

[0051] The automatic emergency locking module 15 provides double self-locking reinforcement to the guardrail, constructing an intelligent insurance mechanism in addition to mechanical anti-fall. When the matrix weight distribution sensor 13 detects that the patient's center of gravity shift exceeds the center of gravity shift limit and the duration exceeds the preset time threshold, the main control module 9 determines that the patient is at risk of falling out of bed. The automatic emergency locking module 15 drives the locking rod 304 to apply additional self-locking thrust towards the round hole of the U-shaped rod 3. This is equivalent to superimposing an electronically controlled auxiliary lock on the mechanical lock of spring 306, forming a double insurance structure of "mechanical locking + intelligent locking". Even if the vehicle encounters severe bumps or collisions, the guardrail 301 can still be firmly locked, fundamentally eliminating the risk of the patient being thrown out due to the guardrail opening.

[0052] The "automatic emergency response mode without human intervention" has irreplaceable clinical value in emergency scenarios. When medical staff are unable to free their hands due to pushing the cart, managing IV lines, or performing emergency procedures, the automatic emergency locking module 15 can replace manual monitoring and automatic maintenance of the restraint status. This significantly reduces the workload and psychological pressure on medical staff during transport, freeing up limited manpower from tedious and repetitive checks, allowing them to focus on the direct observation and treatment of the patient's condition.

[0053] While providing restraint and protection with leg straps 5, waist straps 6, arm straps 7, and shoulder straps 8, the multi-functional vital signs monitoring panel 16, which can be detachably installed at the head end of the transport bed board 1, integrates a blood oxygen saturation monitoring module, a heart rate monitoring module, and a body movement recording module. This upgrades the transport vehicle from a simple "passive transportation tool" to a "mobile life support monitoring platform." This functional integration is groundbreaking in the field of emergency transport, effectively solving the clinical pain point of special patients lacking continuous vital signs monitoring during transport.

[0054] This invention pioneers a time-axis synchronous binding technology for "restraint status - vital signs," opening up a new dimension for comprehensive patient status assessment. In existing technologies, restraint force data and vital sign data are two isolated information silos. This invention, through the main control module 9, synchronously binds the blood oxygen, heart rate, and body movement data collected by the multi-functional vital sign monitoring panel 16 and the body temperature data collected by the infrared temperature probe 18 with the restraint force data detected by the flexible pressure sensor array 12, generating a comprehensive patient status assessment curve. This curve reveals the intrinsic correlation between restraint intensity and the patient's physiological response, providing objective data support for medical staff to dynamically adjust restraint strategies—a feature completely absent in existing technologies.

[0055] The non-contact infrared temperature probe 18, combined with the flexible cantilever bracket 17, enables non-invasive and convenient continuous body temperature monitoring during transport. Unlike traditional electronic thermometers that require contact measurement and are susceptible to patient cooperation issues, this invention utilizes a non-contact infrared temperature probe 18 integrated at the end of the flexible cantilever bracket 17. This allows for real-time detection of forehead or neck temperature without contact with the patient's mucous membranes or skin wounds, making it particularly suitable for burn patients, those with facial trauma, or extremely uncooperative and agitated patients. This significantly expands the applicability and ease of operation of body temperature monitoring.

[0056] The wireless communication module 10's function of pushing the comprehensive patient status assessment curve to the remote monitoring platform in real time breaks down the information barrier between mobile transport scenarios and fixed monitoring centers. This allows on-duty doctors or specialist nurses to grasp the patient's status changes throughout the transport process via the remote monitoring platform before the patient arrives, enabling them to prepare for emergency plans and admission in advance. This achieves a smart medical transport model where "information arrives before the patient," effectively shortening the golden decision-making time for emergency treatment after admission.

[0057] By combining the antibacterial and anti-slip silicone coating on the inner wall of the groove 4 with the elastic winding mechanism 19, the risk of cross-infection from restraint straps and the problem of messy storage are fundamentally solved. In the prior art, non-fixed leg restraint straps 5, waist restraint straps 6, arm restraint straps 7, and shoulder restraint straps 8 are often scattered on the bed surface or hung on both sides of the vehicle body. This not only easily contaminates pathogens but may also get tangled in the wheels or generate static electricity by rubbing against the bed sheet during transportation. In this invention, an elastic winding mechanism 19 is provided on one side of the inner wall of the groove 4. Its roller is fixedly connected to the end of the corresponding restraint strap. After the insertion rod 502 is unlocked, the elastic force of the coil spring automatically retracts the restraint strap into the groove 4, physically isolating the restraint strap from external sources of contamination, while achieving immediate cleanliness of the bed surface. This achieves the dual effect of infection control and improved work efficiency.

[0058] The logical linkage design between the flexible winding mechanism 19 and the locking lever 502 embodies ingenious system engineering thinking. The flexible winding mechanism 19 can only automatically rewind after the lever 502 is unlocked. When the lever 502 is locked, the flexible winding mechanism 19 is restrained by the tension of the restraint straps and cannot retract, ensuring that the leg straps 5, waist straps 6, arm straps 7, and shoulder straps 8 will not experience additional pulling discomfort due to the winding force under normal restraint conditions. This linkage logic of "locking stops winding, unlocking retracts" requires no additional operation from medical staff, greatly simplifying the clinical usage process and reflecting a highly humanized design concept.

[0059] The design of the groove 4, with a depth greater than the thickness of each binding strap, ensures clinical comfort with a "continuous, flat support surface without protrusions." This technical detail solves the long-standing industry-overlooked problem of "pressure ulcer risk from restraint strap connectors." In this invention, the depth of the groove 4 is greater than the thickness of the leg binding strap 5, waist binding strap 6, arm binding strap 7, and shoulder binding strap 8. Each binding strap, in its naturally retracted state, is completely submerged within the groove 4, creating a continuous, flat support surface on the upper surface of the mattress 2 without protrusions. Regardless of the restraint method used in traditional transport vehicles, the fixing points or adjustment buckles inevitably form hard protrusions on the bed surface. During prolonged transport, these protrusions can easily create localized high-pressure stress points on the patient's back, potentially leading to pressure ulcers. This invention achieves a completely flat support surface with a simple and reliable structure, fundamentally eliminating this hidden danger. It represents a classic example of "seeing the big picture from small details."

[0060] The automatic storage function of the flexible winding mechanism 19 reduces the exposure time of the leg straps 5, waist straps 6, arm straps 7 and shoulder straps 8, reducing the risk of operators coming into contact with patient bodily fluids or pathogens. It has outstanding practical value and significance in the context of infectious disease prevention and control, and is especially suitable for patient transport scenarios that require strict isolation and protection, such as respiratory infectious diseases and multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.

[0061] The configuration of the independent backup power module 20 constructs an "uninterrupted safety guarantee network" during the transfer process. Existing electric transfer equipment loses all auxiliary functions once the power is cut off. However, this invention, through the independent backup power module 20 set under the transfer bed board 1, is electrically connected to the main control module 9, wireless communication module 10, audible and visual alarm module 11, and automatic emergency locking module 15. This ensures that in the event of a power failure, accidental plug disconnection, or elevator power failure during in-hospital transfer, the intelligent monitoring and restraint compensation system can continue to operate for no less than 2 hours. This ensures that patients still enjoy complete active protection and early warning functions during unexpected power outages, greatly improving the system robustness and safety redundancy under extreme conditions.

[0062] The introduction of the data black box storage module 21 marks the first time in the medical device field that an "unalterable event chain record" has been achieved throughout the entire process of transport restraint. This design draws inspiration from the mature concept of "black boxes" in the aviation industry and creatively applies it to the field of medical transport safety. The data black box storage module 21 is signal-connected to the main control module 9, and fully records the time-series information from the execution of restraint actions, the trigger response of the flexible pressure sensor array 12, the intervention action of the automatic emergency locking module 15, to every step of the operator's operation instructions, forming a closed-loop, traceable safety evidence chain.

[0063] The encrypted storage and tamper-proof characteristics of the data black box storage module 21 provide an objective and impartial "technical witness" for medical dispute identification. In restraint-related medical procedures, disputes often arise between patients' families and hospitals regarding the timeliness, appropriateness, and effectiveness of restraint. This invention, through the data black box storage module 21, records and encrypts the restraint force changes, sensor trigger event records, automatic emergency locking action logs, and operator operation command timestamps in real time throughout the transportation process, forming an immutable chain record of transportation safety events. This accurately reconstructs the true state of the entire transportation process, effectively distinguishing the attribution of responsibility, protecting the legitimate rights and interests of medical staff, and upholding the legitimate demands of patients. It can be used for postoperative traceability, medical dispute identification, and nursing quality assessment, and has profound legal and social significance for alleviating doctor-patient conflicts.

[0064] The collaborative working mode of the data black box storage module 21 and the wireless communication module 10 enables historical data to not only serve for post-event traceability but also support continuous improvement of nursing quality. By regularly exporting and analyzing the data recorded in the data black box storage module 21, hospital nursing management departments can systematically assess the differences in the effectiveness of different constraint schemes and the level of operational standardization among different operators, and conduct targeted training and process optimization accordingly, transforming individualized transport safety practices into institutional knowledge accumulation at the organizational level.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transport vehicle with patient restraint and protection functions, characterized in that, include: A transfer bed board (1) is provided, on the upper surface of which a mattress (2) is fixedly connected. U-shaped rods (3) are symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the transfer bed board (1). A guardrail (301) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the U-shaped rods (3). A locking rod (304) is inserted into the inner cavity of the guardrail (301). A fixing block (305) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the locking rod (304). A spring (306) is sleeved on the outer surface of the locking rod (304). Multiple grooves (4) are provided on the upper surface of the mattress (2). The upper surface of the transfer bed board (1) is respectively fixedly connected to… There are leg binding straps (5), waist binding straps (6), arm binding straps (7) and shoulder binding straps (8). Multiple locking holes (501) are evenly opened on the outer surface of the leg binding straps (5), waist binding straps (6), arm binding straps (7) and shoulder binding straps (8). Insert rods (502) are inserted into the inner cavity of the locking holes (501). A movable plate (503) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the insert rod (502). Telescopic rods (504) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the lower surface of the movable plate (503). A spring (505) is sleeved on the outer surface of the telescopic rod (504).

2. The transport vehicle with patient restraint and protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple brackets (101) are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the transfer bed (1), and brake casters (102) are installed at the lower end of the brackets (101).

3. The transport vehicle with patient restraint and protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guardrail (301) is U-shaped, and a crossbar (302) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the guardrail (301).

4. The transport vehicle with patient restraint and protection function according to claim 3, characterized in that, Multiple vertical bars (303) are evenly fixedly connected between the horizontal bar (302) and the guardrail (301). A round hole is provided on the U-shaped bar (3). The lower end of the locking bar (304) is inserted into the round hole on the U-shaped bar (3).

5. The transport vehicle with patient restraint and protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the first spring (306) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the guardrail (301), and the lower end of the first spring (306) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixing block (305); the leg binding strap (5), waist binding strap (6), arm binding strap (7) and shoulder binding strap (8) are all located in the inner cavity of the groove (4), and the leg binding strap (5), waist binding strap (6), arm binding strap (7) and shoulder binding strap (8) are all made of elastic material; there are multiple locking holes (501) and they are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the leg binding strap (5), and the lower end of the insertion rod (502) abuts against the upper surface of the transfer bed plate (1); the upper end of the second spring (505) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the moving plate (503), and the lower end of the second spring (505) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the transfer bed plate (1).

6. The transport vehicle with patient restraint and protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An intelligent monitoring and control box is installed below the transfer bed board (1). The intelligent monitoring and control box integrates a main control module (9), a wireless communication module (10), and an audible and visual alarm module (11). The inner surfaces of the leg straps (5), waist straps (6), arm straps (7), and shoulder straps (8) are all embedded with flexible pressure sensor arrays (12). The flexible pressure sensor arrays (12) are used to detect the contact pressure distribution data between each strap and the patient's body surface in real time. The mattress (2) is embedded with a matrix-type weight distribution sensor (13) to detect the changes in the center of gravity position of the patient's torso on the mattress and the body position movement data in real time. The inner surface of the guardrail (301) is provided with An infrared through-beam human proximity sensor (14) is used to detect whether the patient's limbs have crossed the inner safety boundary of the guardrail (301); the flexible pressure sensor array (12), the matrix weight distribution sensor (13) and the infrared through-beam human proximity sensor (14) are all connected to the main control module (9); the main control module (9) has preset pressure threshold range, center of gravity offset limit value and limb cross-boundary safety distance value. When any sensor data exceeds the corresponding preset threshold, the main control module (9) controls the sound and light alarm module (11) to issue a graded warning signal, and sends real-time warning information and current patient posture data to the nurse station terminal or handheld mobile device through the wireless communication module (10).

7. The transport vehicle with patient restraint and protection function according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: An automatic emergency locking module (15) is installed inside the intelligent monitoring and control box; the output end of the automatic emergency locking module (15) is connected to the drive end of the locking rod (304) and the drive end of the insertion rod (502) respectively, and is used to respond to the emergency trigger command generated by the main control module (9) to drive the locking rod (304) and / or the insertion rod (502) to perform automatic compensation locking action; when the flexible pressure sensor array (12) detects that the pressure value of a certain strap decreases at a rate exceeding the preset detachment rate threshold per unit time, the main control module (9) determines that the strap is at risk of loosening, and then generates the emergency trigger command, the automatic emergency locking module (15) is activated. The automatic emergency locking module (15) drives the insertion rod (502) to move further towards the transfer bed board (1), reducing the gap between the insertion rod (502) and the upper surface of the transfer bed board (1) to compensate for the attenuation of restraint force caused by patient agitation or elastic fatigue of the binding strap; when the matrix weight distribution sensor (13) detects that the patient's center of gravity shift exceeds the center of gravity shift limit value and the duration exceeds the preset time threshold, the main control module (9) determines that the patient is at risk of falling off the bed, and the automatic emergency locking module (15) drives the locking rod (304) to apply additional self-locking thrust towards the round hole of the U-shaped rod (3) to prevent the guardrail from accidentally disengaging.

8. The transport vehicle with patient restraint and protection function according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes: a multi-functional vital signs monitoring panel (16) that can be detachably installed at the head end of the transport bed board (1), the multi-functional vital signs monitoring panel (16) having a built-in blood oxygen saturation monitoring module, heart rate monitoring module and body movement recording module; the multi-functional vital signs monitoring panel (16) is provided with an adjustable angle flexible cantilever bracket (17), the end of the flexible cantilever bracket (17) is integrated with a non-contact infrared temperature probe (18) for real-time detection of the patient's forehead or neck temperature data during transport; the blood oxygen saturation monitoring module, heart rate monitoring module, body movement recording module and infrared temperature probe (18) are all signal connected to the main control module (9), the main control module (9) synchronously binds the received multi-dimensional vital signs data with the constraint force data detected by the flexible pressure sensor array (12) on the time axis to generate a comprehensive patient status assessment curve; the wireless communication module (10) pushes the comprehensive patient status assessment curve to the remote monitoring platform in real time to support medical staff to conduct remote dynamic risk assessment during transport.

9. The transport vehicle with patient restraint and protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall surface of the groove (4) is coated with an antibacterial and anti-slip silicone coating. The depth of the groove (4) is greater than the thickness of the leg binding strap (5), waist binding strap (6), arm binding strap (7) and shoulder binding strap (8). Each binding strap is completely sunk into the groove (4) in its natural storage state, so that the upper surface of the mattress (2) forms a continuous flat support surface without protrusions. An elastic winding mechanism (19) is provided on one side of the inner wall of the groove (4). The roller of the elastic winding mechanism (19) is fixedly connected to the end of the corresponding binding strap. After the insertion rod (502) is unlocked, the binding strap is automatically pulled back into the groove (4) by the spring force, so as to realize the automatic hiding and storage of the binding strap, avoiding scattering, tangling and secondary pollution.

10. The transport vehicle with patient restraint and protection function according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: An independent backup power module (20) and a data black box storage module (21) are installed below the transport bed board (1). The independent backup power module (20) is electrically connected to the main control module (9), the wireless communication module (10), the audible and visual alarm module (11), and the automatic emergency locking module (15). It is used to provide uninterrupted emergency power when the external power supply is interrupted, ensuring that the restraint locking state is maintained and the alarm function continues to operate for no less than 2 hours. The data black box storage module (21) is signal connected to the main control module (9). It is used to record and encrypt the restraint force change data, sensor trigger event records, automatic emergency locking action logs, and operator operation instruction timestamps throughout the transport process in real time, forming an unalterable transport safety event chain record for postoperative traceability, medical dispute identification, and nursing quality assessment.

Images