Saline-alkali soil improvement system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a saline-alkali soil improvement system which comprises a monitoring mechanism, a salt discharging mechanism and an irrigation mechanism, the monitoring mechanism is erected above soil, the salt discharging mechanism and the irrigation mechanism are both buried in the soil, the irrigation mechanism is buried above the salt discharging mechanism, and the irrigation mechanism is communicated with a water and fertilizer integrated tank; the monitoring mechanism comprises a photovoltaic panel and a controller, the photovoltaic panel is in transmission connection with the photosensitive sensor driving motor, the photovoltaic panel is electrically connected with the controller and the irrigation mechanism, and the controller is in communication connection with the irrigation mechanism and the detection equipment. The technical problems that long-term effectiveness and sustainable development are difficult to achieve, water resources are wasted, and soil secondary salinization is caused due to the fact that drainage is not timely are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali land improvement, in particular to a saline-alkali land improvement system. Background Art

[0002] Saline-alkali land is an important land resource, with about 954 million hectares of saline-alkali land in the world. However, saline-alkali land contains too much salt and alkaline substances, resulting in low soil fertility and low crop yields, which seriously affects agricultural production and the ecological environment. Therefore, saline-alkali land improvement is an important task. The existing solutions for saline-alkali land improvement are mainly to improve the soil structure and chemical properties of saline-alkali land and improve soil fertility through physical, chemical and biological methods, such as water conservancy projects, chemical improvers, biological improvers, etc. At the same time, intelligent online monitoring technology is also gradually being applied to saline-alkali land improvement, guiding the implementation of improvement measures by real-time monitoring of soil pH, salt content, moisture content, nutrient content and other indicators. Although the existing saline-alkali land improvement technology and intelligent online monitoring technology have improved the improvement effect of saline-alkali land to a certain extent, there are still some problems: 1. The improvement methods often require a lot of manpower and material resources, and the improvement effect is unstable, making it difficult to achieve long-term effectiveness and sustainable development; 2. Salt is generally reduced by flooding, which has low costs and simple operation processes. However, it is very easy to cause waste of water resources. Untimely drainage will lead to rising groundwater and cause secondary salinization of the soil. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the various deficiencies of the existing technology, a saline-alkali land improvement system is proposed to solve the technical problems that the existing technology requires a lot of manpower and material resources, is difficult to achieve long-term effectiveness and sustainable development, wastes water resources, and causes secondary salinization of the soil due to untimely drainage.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A saline-alkali land improvement system comprises a monitoring mechanism, a salt discharge mechanism and an irrigation mechanism, wherein the monitoring mechanism is erected above the soil, the salt discharge mechanism and the irrigation mechanism are both buried in the soil, and the irrigation mechanism is buried above the salt discharge mechanism, and the irrigation mechanism is connected to a water-fertilizer integrated tank;

[0006] The monitoring mechanism includes a photovoltaic panel and a controller. The photovoltaic panel is transmission-connected to a photosensitive sensor driving motor. The photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the controller and the irrigation mechanism. The controller is communication-connected to the irrigation mechanism and the detection equipment.

[0007] This technical solution is further configured such that the salt drainage mechanism includes a plurality of buried pipes and a plurality of salt drainage ditches, the buried pipes are communicated with the salt drainage ditches, and the plurality of buried pipes and the plurality of salt drainage ditches are arranged horizontally and vertically in a criss-cross manner.

[0008] This technical solution is further configured such that a plurality of salt drainage holes are uniformly arranged on the pipe wall of the buried pipe, the salt drainage ditch is arranged obliquely according to the flow direction of the saline-alkali water, and the salt drainage ditch is communicated with the saline-alkali water recovery tank.

[0009] This technical solution is further configured such that the irrigation mechanism includes a main pipe, a plurality of branch pipes and a plurality of connecting pipes that are communicated with each other. The branch pipes are arranged parallel to the buried pipes, and the branch pipes are located above the buried pipes. The connecting pipes are arranged perpendicular to the branch pipes, and the ends of the connecting pipes are exposed on the soil surface. Drip irrigation tapes or irrigation nozzles are connected to the ends of the connecting pipes.

[0010] This technical solution is further configured such that the main pipe is communicated with a reservoir through a water supply pipeline. A sand and gravel filter is arranged on the water supply pipeline, and the water and fertilizer integrated tank is arranged on the water supply pipeline and is located between the sand and gravel filter and the main pipe.

[0011] This technical solution is further configured such that the buried pipes are buried in the soil to a depth of 1.6 - 2.0 m, and the branch pipes are buried in the soil to a depth of 0.8 - 1.2 m.

[0012] This technical solution is further configured such that a permeable isolation layer is arranged on the outer side of the pipe wall of the buried pipe.

[0013] This technical solution is further configured such that both the photovoltaic panel and the controller are arranged on a bracket. The bracket is configured as a telescopic structure, and a triangular ground plug bracket is arranged below the bracket.

[0014] This technical solution is further configured such that an installation seat is arranged below the bracket. Movable wheels are arranged on the installation seat, and a telescopic element is arranged between the movable wheels and the installation seat to adjustably change the distance between the movable wheels and the installation seat;

[0015] In the working state, the telescopic element drives the movable wheels to retract, and the triangular ground plug bracket is embedded in the soil for fixation; in the moving state, the triangular ground plug bracket is separated from the ground, and the telescopic element drives the movable wheels to extend for movement.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0017] By setting up a salt drainage mechanism and an irrigation mechanism, the irrigation and subsurface pipe salt drainage technologies are skillfully combined for soil irrigation and improvement in saline-alkali land areas. This not only saves fresh water resources and solves the problem of severe shortage of fresh water resources in saline-alkali land areas, but also the irrigation mechanism is buried above the salt drainage mechanism, maximizing the salt drainage effect of saline-alkali land and improving the improvement effect of saline-alkali land. By setting up a monitoring mechanism, a salt drainage mechanism and an irrigation mechanism, the saline-alkali land improvement technology and the online monitoring technology are effectively coordinated, saving manpower and material resources and achieving long-term effectiveness and sustainable development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the saline-alkali land improvement system in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 is a top view of the salt drainage mechanism and the irrigation mechanism in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 is a side view of the salt drainage mechanism and the irrigation mechanism in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the monitoring mechanism in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0022] In the drawings: 1, support; 2, photovoltaic panel; 3, controller; 4, detection device; 5, reservoir; 6, water pump; 7, main pipe; 8, branch pipe; 9, salt drainage ditch; 10, water supply pipeline; 11, sand and gravel filter; 12, water and fertilizer integrated tank; 13, subsurface pipe; 14, triangular ground plug support; 15, mounting seat; 16, moving wheel; 17, telescopic element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present utility model, the technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present utility model. Based on the embodiments in this application, other similar embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, the directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, such as "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., are only references to the directions in the drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for illustration rather than to limit the present invention.

[0024] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, a saline-alkali land improvement system is provided. Please refer to Figures 1 to 4, including a monitoring mechanism, a salt discharge mechanism and an irrigation mechanism, wherein the monitoring mechanism is erected above the soil, the salt discharge mechanism and the irrigation mechanism are both buried in the soil, and the irrigation mechanism is buried above the salt discharge mechanism, and the irrigation mechanism is connected to the water-fertilizer integrated tank 12;

[0026] The monitoring mechanism includes a photovoltaic panel 2 and a controller 3. The photovoltaic panel 2 is connected to a photosensitive sensor driving motor. The photovoltaic panel 2 is electrically connected to the controller 3 and the irrigation mechanism. The controller 3 is communicatively connected to the irrigation mechanism and the detection device 4.

[0027] It should be noted that, by setting up a salt discharge mechanism and an irrigation mechanism, the irrigation and concealed pipe salt discharge technologies are cleverly combined together for soil irrigation and improvement in saline-alkali land areas, which not only saves fresh water resources and solves the problem of severe shortage of fresh water resources in saline-alkali land areas, but also the irrigation mechanism is buried above the salt discharge mechanism, which maximizes the effect of salt discharge in saline-alkali land and improves the effect of saline-alkali land improvement; by setting up a monitoring mechanism, a salt discharge mechanism and an irrigation mechanism, the saline-alkali land improvement technology and the online monitoring technology are effectively coordinated, saving manpower and material resources, and achieving long-term effectiveness and sustainable development. In addition, the photovoltaic panel 2 can effectively sense the intensity of sunlight through a photosensitive sensor driving motor. When the sunlight intensity is not strong enough, the photosensitive sensor driving motor drives the photovoltaic panel 2 to rotate, so that the photovoltaic panel 2 is always facing the side of sunlight, realizing the automatic light chasing function of the photovoltaic panel 2, and ensuring the continuity and stability of the monitoring data.

[0028] Preferably, the detection device 4 is a sensor for monitoring pH value, conductivity, soil salinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, temperature and humidity.

[0029] In the saline-alkali land improvement system of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The salt discharge mechanism includes a plurality of concealed pipes 13 and a plurality of salt discharge ditches 9. The concealed pipes 13 are connected to the salt discharge ditches 9. The plurality of concealed pipes 13 and the plurality of salt discharge ditches 9 are arranged in a staggered manner in a horizontal and vertical manner.

[0030] It should be noted that by using concealed pipes to drain salt instead of open ditches, more than 20% of land area can be saved. When the soil salt content rises to more than 3 / 1000 or the pH is greater than 8.0, the salinity in the upper soil layer can be washed to the lower layer through the concealed pipe 13 by adjusting the irrigation water volume, and the salinity modifier can be added through the irrigation mechanism to adjust the soil pH to below 7.5.

[0031] In the saline-alkali land improvement system of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4, a plurality of salt discharge holes are uniformly arranged on the pipe wall of the blind pipe 13, the salt discharge ditch 9 is arranged obliquely according to the flow direction of the saline-alkali water, and the salt discharge ditch 9 is communicated with the saline-alkali water recovery tank.

[0032] It should be noted that the arrangement of the salt discharge holes enables the saline-alkali water diluted by rain or irrigation rainwater inside the soil above the blind pipe 13 to seep into the inside of the blind pipe 13, and then flow out through the salt discharge ditch 9.

[0033] In the saline-alkali land improvement system of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the irrigation mechanism includes a main pipe 7, a plurality of branch pipes 8 and a plurality of connecting pipes that are connected in communication. The branch pipes 8 are arranged parallel to the blind pipe 13, and the branch pipes 8 are located above the blind pipe 13. The connecting pipes are arranged perpendicular to the branch pipes 8, and the ends of the connecting pipes are exposed on the soil surface. A drip irrigation belt or an irrigation sprinkler is connected to the ends of the connecting pipes.

[0034] It should be noted that the irrigation water flows through the main pipe 7 and the branch pipes 8 to the connecting pipes, and flows out through the drip irrigation belt or the irrigation sprinkler connected to the connecting pipes, so that the soil is moistened and the irrigation effect is achieved.

[0035] In the saline-alkali land improvement system of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the main pipe 7 is communicated with the water storage tank 5 through a water supply pipeline 10. A water pump 6 and a sand and gravel filter 11 are arranged on the water supply pipeline. The water and fertilizer integrated tank 12 is arranged on the water supply pipeline 10 and is located between the sand and gravel filter 11 and the main pipe 7.

[0036] It should be noted that the sand and gravel filter 11 can filter out impurities in the water, which is beneficial to the maintenance and prolong the service life of the equipment. Water-soluble fertilizers are used to apply the nutrients required by crops through the water and fertilizer integrated tank 12 in an irrigation manner, which can not only improve the utilization rate of water resources, but also alleviate the contradiction of the increasingly tense water resources, and at the same time reduce costs. The content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil is based on the physical and chemical properties of the soil in the area where the field is located, and a suitable soil nutrient management digital system is formulated. When the soil nutrient data is lower than the set limit, nutrient supplementation is carried out.

[0037] In the saline-alkali land improvement system of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the blind pipe 13 is buried in the soil at a depth of 1.6 - 2.0 m, and the branch pipes 8 are buried in the soil at a depth of 0.8 - 1.2 m.

[0038] It should be noted that the buried depth of the buried pipe 13 is 1.6 - 2.0 m, which can effectively control the groundwater level and prevent high salinity groundwater from rising to the surface through capillary action. The branch pipe 8 is above the buried pipe 13, with a buried depth of 0.8 - 1.2 m. When the water content in the soil is lower than 12%, the irrigation mechanism will irrigate the water-deficient plots in a timely manner to keep the soil moisture content at the suitable tillage moisture content of 15 - 18%. Compared with ordinary planting, this system can save about 30% of water.

[0039] In the saline-alkali land improvement system of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , a permeable isolation layer is provided on the outer side of the wall of the buried pipe 13. The permeable isolation layer is preferably a non-woven fabric protection layer, which can prevent the salt discharge holes of the buried pipe 13 from being blocked.

[0040] In the saline-alkali land improvement system of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the photovoltaic panel 2 and the controller 3 are both arranged on the bracket 1. The bracket 1 is arranged as a telescopic structure, and a triangular ground plug bracket 14 is arranged below the bracket 1.

[0041] It should be noted that the bracket 1 is a telescopic structure, and the height of the bracket 1 can be adjusted according to the situation; relying on the triangular ground plug bracket 14, it can be directly inserted into the soil to achieve simple operation by one person.

[0042] In the saline-alkali land improvement system of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , an installation seat 15 is arranged below the bracket 1. A moving wheel 16 is arranged on the installation seat 15, and a telescopic element 17 is arranged between the moving wheel 16 and the installation seat 15 to make the distance between the moving wheel 16 and the installation seat 15 adjustable.

[0043] In the working state, the telescopic element 17 drives the moving wheel 16 to retract, and the triangular ground plug bracket 14 is embedded in the soil for fixation; in the moving state, the triangular ground plug bracket 14 is separated from the ground, and the telescopic element 17 drives the moving wheel 16 to extend for movement. Preferably, the telescopic element 17 is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, etc.

[0044] During use, the detection device 4 can monitor the pH value, salt content, and moisture content of the soil in real time and transmit the data to the controller 3. After receiving the real-time soil data, the controller 3 automatically adjusts the improvement measures through big data analysis and artificial intelligence algorithms. For example, if the salt content of the soil is too high, the system will automatically recommend applying soil amendments such as gypsum to reduce the salt content of the soil. At the same time, the system will also automatically adjust the irrigation method according to the moisture content of the soil to maintain the soil moisture. During the improvement process, the improvement measures are adjusted in a timely manner according to the online soil monitoring data. For example, if the improvement effect of the soil is not ideal, the planted crops can be changed or the application rate of the soil amendment can be adjusted to improve the improvement effect. After a period of improvement, the soil data before and after improvement are compared to evaluate the improvement effect. If the improvement effect reaches the expected goal, continue with the current improvement plan. Otherwise, readjust the improvement plan until the expected improvement effect is achieved.

[0045] The above has described the present utility model in detail. The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present utility model and cannot limit the scope of implementation of the present utility model. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of this application should still fall within the scope covered by the present utility model.

Claims

1. A saline-alkali land improvement system, characterized in that: It includes a monitoring mechanism, a salt discharge mechanism and an irrigation mechanism, wherein the monitoring mechanism is erected above the soil, the salt discharge mechanism and the irrigation mechanism are both buried in the soil, and the irrigation mechanism is buried above the salt discharge mechanism, and the irrigation mechanism is connected to the water-fertilizer integrated tank; The monitoring mechanism includes a photovoltaic panel and a controller. The photovoltaic panel is transmission-connected to a photosensitive sensor driving motor. The photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the controller and the irrigation mechanism. The controller is communication-connected to the irrigation mechanism and the detection equipment.

2. The saline-alkali land improvement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The salt discharge mechanism comprises a plurality of concealed pipes and a plurality of salt discharge ditches, wherein the concealed pipes are connected to the salt discharge ditches, and the plurality of concealed pipes and the plurality of salt discharge ditches are arranged in a staggered manner in a horizontal and vertical manner.

3. The saline-alkali land improvement system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of salt-draining holes are evenly arranged on the pipe wall of the concealed pipe, the salt-draining ditch is arranged obliquely according to the flow direction of the saline-alkali water, and the salt-draining ditch is connected to the saline-alkali water recovery tank.

4. The saline-alkali land improvement system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The irrigation mechanism includes a connected main pipe, a plurality of branch pipes and a plurality of connecting pipes, wherein the branch pipes are arranged parallel to the concealed pipes and are located above the concealed pipes, the connecting pipes are arranged perpendicular to the branch pipes, and the ends of the connecting pipes are exposed to the soil surface, and the ends of the connecting pipes are connected to drip irrigation belts or irrigation nozzles.

5. The saline-alkali land improvement system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main pipe is connected to the water reservoir through a water supply pipe, a gravel filter is arranged on the water supply pipe, and the water-fertilizer integrated tank is arranged on the water supply pipe and is located between the gravel filter and the main pipe.

6. The saline-alkali land improvement system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The concealed pipe is buried in the soil at a depth of 1.6-2.0 m, and the branch pipe is buried in the soil at a depth of 0.8-1.2 m.

7. The saline-alkali land improvement system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A water-permeable isolation layer is arranged on the outer side of the pipe wall of the concealed pipe.

8. The saline-alkali land improvement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic panel and the controller are both arranged on a bracket, the bracket is arranged as a retractable structure, and a triangular ground bracket is arranged below the bracket.

9. The saline-alkali land improvement system according to claim 8, characterized in that: A mounting seat is provided below the bracket, a moving wheel is provided on the mounting seat, and a retractable element is provided between the moving wheel and the mounting seat to adjust the distance between the moving wheel and the mounting seat; In the working state, the retractable element drives the moving wheel to retract, and the triangular ground plug bracket is embedded in the soil for fixation; in the moving state, the triangular ground plug bracket is separated from the ground, and the retractable element drives the moving wheel to extend for movement.

Images