219 results about "Land improvement" patented technology

A biochar-based coast saline-alkali land improvement conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof are disclosed, the biochar-based coast saline-alkali land improvement conditioner comprises, by mass, 55-60 parts of biomass charcoal, 35-40 parts of humic acid, 2-4 parts of beneficial microbial agent, 1-2 parts of urea and 3-4 parts of a binder; the biochar-based coast saline-alkali land improvement conditioner has the synergistic effect of soil improvement, activation of microorganisms, enhancement of crop saltresistance, the soil improvement helps to improve soil microflora and increase the microbial activity in the soil, microbial metabolites also enhance the crop root saltresistance, crop growth feeds back to accelerate the soil improvement, a virtuous cycle system is formed, and multiplier amplification effect can be achieved compared with a single measure.

The invention provides a saline land improvement method and belongs to the technical field of saline land improvement. The saline land improvement method comprises the following steps of locally smashing straws of plants growing in a saline land and then spreading the straws on the saline land, continuing to sequentially spread a composite microbiological material for renovation and urea on the surface of the saline land spread with smashed straws, and plowing and watering the saline land spread with the smashed straws, the composite microbiological material for renovation and the urea on the surface, wherein the composite microbiological material for renovation comprises raw material components: 4-6 parts by weight of organic manure, 2-4 parts by weight of humic acid, 0.7-3 parts by weight of agricultural organic waste, 0.2-0.4 part by weight of marine organic waste, 0.01-0.02 part by weight of liquid fungicide and 0.005-0.01 part by weight of solid fungicide. The saline land improvement method has the advantages of being low in renovation cost, small in working amount, convenient to operate and free of secondary pollution.

The present invention discloses an integration method of large-scale coastal newly reclaimed beach agricultural land ecologicalization exploitation, and belongs to the field of agricultural land ecological exploitation. The integration method mainly comprises four links including the space planning technology, the land consolidation technology, the soil improvement technology and the ecological management and protection technology of coastal beach agricultural land exploitation, and the four links commonly form the comprehensive control integration technology (system) of coastal large-scale newly reclaimed beach agricultural land ecologicalization exploitation. By adoption of the integration technology, the coastal soil salinization problem can be expected to be radically solved in 3-5 years. On the basis of coastal beach space planning and land consolidation, the target of coastal saline land improvement can be rapidly achieved by utilization of the modes including natural desalination, irrigation and loosening desalination and green manure back to field, and requirements of agricultural land exploitation are satisfied.

The invention relates to a land transformation method, in particular to a saline and alkali land improvement method. The method comprises the following steps: the saline and alkali land to be improved to is changed into an alternant land for a trench land and ridges; a layer of fine flowing sand or sandy loess with thickness of 3-3.5 cm is evenly laid on the trench land, the saw powder and the chopped grass with thickness of 1-1.5 cm are laid, and the plowing depth is 5-15 cm and is not excessively deep; the trench land is filled with water during the watering process and the ridge cannot be filled with water as possible; the saline and alkali tolerant high-quality corn variety is selected and planted or the agropyron elongatum can be planted; after the young seedlings grow out, the traditional intertillage management is carried out; after the seeds are harvested, the straw returning is carried out; as for the land tillage in the second year, the sand with thickness of 2-5 cm is laid, the saw powder and the chopped grass with thickness of 1-3 cm are laid, then a certain amount of farmyard manure is applied and the rest is the same as the tillage in the first year; as for the land tillage in the third year, the ridges on both sides of the land are respectively taken as the lands with one eighth width during the tractor-ploughing process, so the trench land is increased, and other parts are repeated according to the tillage in the second year; as for the land tillage from the fourth year to the sixth year, the tillage method in the third year is repeated; and the improvement of the whole saline and alkali land is finished after six years. The invention can enable the saline and alkali land to be changed into a fertile land, thereby thoroughly harnessing the saline-alkali land.

The invention discloses a muck improvement technology for earth pressure balance shield construction in a sandy cobble stratum and relates to the technical field of stratum shield construction. The improvement technology comprises the following steps: 1, selection of a land improver; 2, land improvement; 3, construction quality control; 4, a soil mass improvement effect and analysis. The improvement technology is simple, and after improvement, muck can be prevented from forming mud cakes on a cutter head, being accumulated in an earth bin, blocking the bin and causing blocking, spewing, wear of the cutter head and a tool and the like at a screw conveyor.

A method assembling straw biochar with microbe bacteria fertilizer so as to improve saline land relates to the saline land improvement method, and aims to solve the technical problems that an existing saline land cannot plant crops or the crops output is low; the method comprises the following steps: composting and fermenting an organic fertilizer so as to obtain decomposed organic fertilizer, uniformly mixing the straw biochar, the microbe bacteria fertilizer and the decomposed organic fertilizer according to weight ratio: 1-12:1:10-20, and piling up the mixture for preparation; uniformly throwing the straw biochar, the microbe bacteria fertilizer and the decomposed organic fertilizer mixing improvement material on the soil surface 0-2 days before soil working, and appilication amount is 1350kg/mu; doing intersect rotary tillage for 1-2 times after fertilizer application, rotary tillage depth is 12-15cm, immediately suppressing the soil after rotary tillage, and then sowing is carried out. The method is simple, modifiers are straw biochar and manure, the materials are easy to get, so cost is low; the improved saline land is obvious in effect; the method is suitable for saline land improvement.

Relating to a saline alkali land improvement method, the invention provides a method for improving saline alkali land by combination of biochar with an organic fertilizer, and aims to solve the technical problem that crops cannot be planted in saline alkali land or the crop yield is low. The method includes: 1. before land preparation, mixing straw biochar with the organic fertilizer in a weight ratio of 1:1-1.5 evenly, and conducting composting fermentation to obtain a decomposed fertilizer; 2. broadcasting the decomposed fertilizer on the surface of the saline alkali soil surface evenly 0-2 days before land preparation at a dosage of 2000-2500kg/667square meters; and 3. after broadcasting, carrying out cross rotary tillage 1-2 times to a depth of 12-15cm, then performing compaction immediately, and then carrying out sowing. The method provided by the invention is simple, only straw biochar and manure are used as the modifier, the raw materials are easily available, the cost is low, and the saline alkali land improvement effect is significant. The method provided by the invention is used for improving saline alkali land.

The invention provides a saline land improvement method appropriate for an arid and semi-arid region. The technical steps of surface soil stripping, bottom layer rolling compaction, claypan pavement and filling, high density polyethylene (HDPE) film coverage, organic mixed material pavement and filling, salt elimination blind pipe distribution, surface soil refilling, plant planting and the like are adopted for improvement; the method has the advantages that salt and alkali ion isolation, guide and discharge effects are good, organic matters are fully utilized for improving the soil quality and reducing salt and alkali ions, the resource utilization degree of wastes is high, the principal and secondary problems are both treated, the flow is simple, the cost is low, the in-situ remediation is realized, the surface soil resources are saved and the like; the method has wide application precepts and promotional value in the fields of environment protection, ecological remediation, park and garden construction and agricultural production, and excellent economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits can be created.

The invention discloses a straw half-composed saline land improvement fertilizer which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40-50% of half-composed straws, 5-10% of humic acid, 9.8-14.5% of ardealite, 0.2-0.5% of a microorganism improved bacterial agent and 30-40% of farmyard manure. The straw half-composed saline land improvement fertilizer disclosed by the invention takes half-composed straws as a main material, other saline land improvement materials are added, and due to a physical structure formed by the half-composed straw, salt return of soil of saline lands is effectively prevented, and the improvement lasting effect of the improvement fertilizer is prolonged; the crop straw is wide in resource, low in price and low in use cost, and a reuse way for crop straw wastes generated in agricultural production is provided.

The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali land improvement, in particular to a comprehensive treatment method for a saline-alkali land. The method consists of the following steps that 1, the saline-alkali land is deep ploughed and tilled loosely, an rice straw interlayer is laid and the surface is leveled, wherein the ploughing depth is 25-30 cm; 2, irrigation and salt washingare performed three times, wherein the water consumption is 60-160 m<3> per mu at a time, and the total water consumption is 300-400 m<3>; 3, a microbial organic fertilizer is applied to the saline-alkali land, tilling and leveling are conducted again; 4, salt-tolerant alkali-tolerant rice is planted for crop rotation with green manure plants. The method can improve the physical structure of soil,reduce the evaporation amount of water in the soil of the saline-alkali land, enhance the water-holding capacity of the soil, increase the content of organic matter, reduce the disasters of crop diseases and insects, increase the yield of crops, improve the economic benefits of the saline-alkali land and reduce the degree of soil salinization.

The invention relates to the field of improvement of saline-alkaline land and particularly relates to compound microorganism coated long-acting improvement fertilizer for saline-alkaline land and a preparation method. The improvement fertilizer is prepared from a saline-alkaline land improvement material, a coating material, a compound microbial agent, nitrogen fertilizer as well as medium and trace elements essential to plants in the weight part ratio of 1:(0.001-0.01):(0.001-0.01):(0.1-0.5):(0.001-0.01). The improvement fertilizer can control the salinity and alkalinity in soil of the moderate and heavy saline-alkaline land in a reasonable range, so that pH and the degree of alkalization in the soil can be reduced, the release time of acidic substances is notably prolonged, the fertilizer acts in the whole growth period of crops, sustained damage of accumulation of alkali and salt on soil to the crops is effectively reduced, the crops are protected against salt damage and alkali damage in the whole growth cycle, the crop yield is increased, besides, the fertilizer can promote growth of crop root systems, promote plants to be robust and notably enhance multiple functions of disease resistance, drought resistance, lodging resistance and early-ripe promotion.

The invention belongs to the technical field of land improvement, and in particular relates to a method for improving seashore saline land by plant intercropping. The method comprises the steps of: S1, turning over and leveling the saline land by adopting a deep plow harrow before planting, and digging drainage ditches; S2, throwing a mixed material into soil, turning over and leveling the salineland again, separating the land by ridges having widths of 1-1.5m, and digging holes at fixed points according to the size on the planted land with determined row spacings, wherein the rows are parallel, the diameters of the holes are 10-25 cm, and the plants are spaced (0.2-0.5) m * (0.2-0.5) m; S3, putting the soil in the holes into a crusher, crushing the soil and then filling the soil back into the holes; S4, putting wormcast to the bottoms of the holes, and then putting seedlings or treated seeds; and S5, regularly watering. The method can effectively improve the water retention, drainageand fertilizer retention of the soil and improve the survival rate of plants; and the method adopting plant intercropping can effectively regulate the pH value of the soil.

The invention discloses a saline-alkali land improvement fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 5-20 parts of phosphogypsum, 3-5 parts of a sodium ion adsorbent and 5-10 parts of medical stone in a mixing machine so as to obtain a material A; uniformly mixing 5-10 parts of an acidic conditioning agent, 15-40 parts of soluble humic acid and 20-35 parts of wood vinegar liquid, adding the obtained liquid B into the material A in the mixing machine, performing uniform mixing and stirring so as to obtain slurry C, feeding 35-50 parts of farmyard manure and 15-20 parts of straw powder into the slurry C, performing uniform mixing, feeding 2-5 parts of a microbial agent and 10-15 parts of 61-65% Tween-80 into the material liquid, and performing uniform mixing, thereby obtaining the saline-alkali land improvement fertilizer. As multiple saline-alkali land improvement measures that the soil salinity and alkalinity are improved by using a chemical method, the physical and chemical properties and the structure of soil are improved by using microorganisms, nutrient components of soil are improved by adding fertilizers, and the like, are integrated, the saline-alkali land improvement fertilizer is good in saline-alkali land improvement effects, and long in action time, and virtuous circle of saline-alkali land soil is achieved.

The invention discloses a comprehensive saline-alkali land improvement system and a comprehensive saline-alkali land improvement and belongs to the technical field of land treatment. According to the system and the method, stems of alkali-resistant crops are utilized as silage so as to be eaten by domestic animals of a herding system, faeces generated by the domestic animals are thoroughly decomposed, then most of the faeces is returned to a saline-alkali land planting system, a small part of the faeces is conveyed to an aquaculture system, water in the aquaculture system is diverted to the saline-alkali land planting system so as to be used for irrigating a saline-alkali land, and lotus leaves in the aquaculture system as well as used culture medium and old crop leaves in a soil-less cultivation system are returned to the saline-alkali land planting system. The comprehensive saline-alkali land improvement system and the comprehensive saline-alkali land improvement method integrates ecological exploitation, livestock breeding, aquaculture, agriculture planting, agricultural technology popularization and sightseeing tour, have the advantages of short saline-alkali land improvement period, good effect and the like, and have wide application prospect and important practical significance.

The invention relates to a water device and an irrigation system of the water device and the application thereof in the modification of saline and alkali lands. The traditional agricultural irrigation methods such as pour irrigation, canal irrigation are of coarse and low effect with the water utilization ratio being 10 percent approximately, thus the waste of water resource is astonishing, and furthermore, a series of problems such as land salinization are frequently and easily caused. In order to overcome the defects in traditional irrigation, irrigation methods of spray irrigation, drop irrigation, etc. are popularized at home and abroad. However, the water utilization rate of such irrigation methods is only around 50 percent; still approximately half of the irrigation water is wasted. The water device of the invention comprises a semipermeable membrane or a microporous permeable membrane. The semipermeable membrane or the microporous permeable membrane, by adopting the methods of heat seal and mechanical seal, is made into a baggy water container with a water inlet that is sealed and used in agricultural irrigation, or the blow-moldable raw material with the property of the semipermeable membrane or the microporous permeable membrane are utilized to blow-mold the closed container with the water inlet that is sealed and used in agricultural irrigation. The product of the water device is applied in water-saving agricultural irrigation and the modification of saline and alkali lands that can reduce water consumption.

The invention relates to a partial flow collecting, permeation enhancing and evaporation restraining saline land improvement system and method. The improvement system comprises a millstone type water collecting microtopography area and a plurality of first permeation enhancing pipes embedded below the millstone type water collecting microtopography area, wherein the millstone type water collecting microtopography area comprises a semi-arc-shaped mound arranged in a plant pit and used for plantation of plants, the semi-arc-shaped mound is at least partly exposed out of the ground, and an annular cofferdam is arranged on the periphery of the semi-arc-shaped mound. The upper ends of the first permeation enhancing pipes are communicated with the annular cofferdam, the lower ends of the first permeation enhancing pipes are embedded deep into the area, close to the plant root system, below the millstone type water collecting microtopography area, an isolation layer communicated with the lower ends of the first permeation enhancing pipes is further laid at the bottom of the plant pit, and hidden salt elimination pipes are laid in the isolation layer. According to the method, a good microtopography growth environment is overall provided for plants in a coastal saline-alkali land while water and nutrients required by plant growth are satisfied, and plant growth is promoted.

The invention discloses a saline and alkaline land improvement method adopting compound waste, and relates to the technical field of saline and alkaline land improvement. The method comprises the following steps that S1, a desulfurized gypsum improvement agent is uniformly thrown to the surface of to-be-improved coastal saline and alkaline land, wherein the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum improvement agent is 1,800-2,000 kg/mu; S2, the coastal saline and alkaline land is subjected to rotary tillage by 15-20 centimeters; S3, after rotary tillage, the coastal saline and alkaline land is deeply ploughed by 30-40 centimeters; S4, the desulfurized gypsum improvement agent is uniformly thrown to the surface of the saline and alkaline land again, wherein the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum improvement agent is 1,800-2,000 kg/mu; S5, the saline and alkaline land is subjected to rotary tillage by 15-20 centimeters again; S6, after 1-2 months, land irrigation, salt leaching and alkali discharging are conducted. The saline and alkaline land improvement method adopting the compound waste has the advantages that industrial waste such as desulfurized gypsum and iron and steel slag is utilized, the improvement cost is reduced, and the salinity in soil and the pH value of the soil are reduced.

The invention discloses a selenium-rich tea-oil tree planting method. The selenium-rich tea-oil tree planting method comprises the steps that land improvement is performed, wherein sandy land with the slope smaller than or equal to 25 degrees is selected as land to be used, uniform turnover and ploughing are performed, then a land improver is applied based on 50-80 kg/mu, and natural keeping is performed for 2-3 days; the land improver is applied again based on 30-60 kg/mu, uniform turnover and ploughing are performed, and natural keeping is performed for 10-20 days; then, selenium-rich farmyard manure is applied based on 1500-2200 kg/mu, the land is raked to be fine, and improved land is obtained, wherein the land improver is prepared from gypsum, cinnamon soil, phosphogypsum, ferrous sulfate, sulfur powder, weathered coal, water, zinc sulfate, chitin, carboxymethyl chitosan, heparin, sodium alginate, chitosan, sulfate, phosphate and acetic acid. The selenium-rich tea-oil tree planting method has the advantages that planting land can be improved to provide acid soil conditions suitable for growth of tea-oil trees, meanwhile the selenium-rich farmyard manure is applied to soil for improvement of a soil nutrition structure of the planting land, so that the tea-oil trees grow rapidly, and nutritional ingredients are comprehensive and contain a selenium element required by a human body.

The invention discloses compound fertilizer for improving a coastal sandy saline and alkaline land and a preparation method thereof. The compound fertilizer for improving the coastal sandy saline andalkaline land is prepared from attapulgite clay, desulphurization gypsum, organic fertilizer, fulvic acid, citric acid, a sandy soil binding agent, a compound water retaining agent, a saline and alkaline land improvement agent, expanded vermiculite and microorganism powder at the weight ratio of (24 to 30) to (8 to 12) to (20 to 22) to (12 to 16) to (6 to 8) to (5 to 7) to (5 to 7) to (4 to 6) to(2 to 4) to (0.5 to 1.5). The compound fertilizer for improving the coastal sandy saline and alkaline land can be used for effectively improving a soil structure of the sandy saline and alkaline land,reducing the saline and alkaline degree, reducing the sand content in soil, improving the content of nutrient components in the soil and improving the compacting degree of the soil; the compound fertilizer is matched with plant cultivation and the sandy saline and alkaline land can be continuously and effectively improved.

The invention relates to a preparation method of desertification land modified materials through steam shattering straws and solid state fermentation, which consists of the following steps, first, pretreatment is given to straws, thus obtaining the straw raw materials shattered by steam, after being shattered, straws are put together with wheat bran for solid state fermentation so as to produce functional materials with biological fertilizer and plant disease prevention and treatment, then the materials are remixed with degradable bacterial cellulose with strong water absorption. The products can improve the microstructure of soil, and reduce the using amount of active water retaining agent, the great amount of soil beneficial microorganism enriched has the functions of water storing, soil moisture conservation, and nutrient element slow releasing, etc., so the products are suitable for the mass application of the prevention and treatment of sand land, wherein, the organic content of the products is more than 60 percent, the content of humus is more than 15 percent, and the total number of effective living bacteria is more than 0.3 billion per gram.

The invention provides bacillus mojavensis with the preservation number of CCTCC NO. M2013499. The invention also provides a microbial inoculant. The microbial inoculants comprises a medium and bacteria, wherein the bacteria comprise bacillus mojavensis with the preservation number of CCTCC NO. M2013499, and also comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus lincheniformis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The invention also provides application of bacillus mojavensis as described above and the microbial inoculants as described above to saline land improvement. The invention also provides application of bacillus mojavensis as described above and the microbial inoculants as described above to increase plant drought tolerance. By employing the above technical scheme, salts and alkalis can be relatively effectively removed, for example, the soil desalting rate is improved by 55% or more.

The invention discloses a saline and alkaline land improvement method. The improvement method comprises the following steps: crushing plant straw to prepare plant straw powder, then, scattering the plant straw powder into saline and alkaline land, and carrying deep ploughing and turning; applying a mixture consisting of soybean meal, furfural residues, activated biochar powder, a microbial agent,inorganic fertilizer, natural zeolite powder, mineral-sourced humic acid and modified calcium alginate aerogel to the surface layer of the saline and alkaline land, and using a rotary cultivator for rotary cultivation and mixing; flattening the soil surface layer of the saline and alkaline land, uniformly sowing alfalfa seeds on the flattened saline and alkaline land, then, performing earthing up,and controlling the sowing depth at 1-2 cm; during harvesting, keeping the stubble height of alfalfa at 5.5-7.5 cm; carrying out deep ploughing, turning and burying on the saline and alkaline land toturn and bury the alfalfa stubbles in the soil; and then, planting wheat or corn crops. The method can effectively reduce the soil alkalization degree and salt content, and the physiochemical properties of the soil are effectively improved.

The invention discloses a method for comprehensively improving a saline and alkaline land by planting a new species hybrid willow protection forest on a coastal mud flat, comprising the following steps of: preparing saline and alkaline land improvement materials and new species hybrid willow fast-growing fertilizers; taking comprehensive measures of new species hybrid willow protection forest planting; and managing the new species hybrid willow protection forest planting. According to the method disclosed by the invention, soil improvement materials are organically combined with the new species hybrid willow fast-growing fertilizers; the saline and alkaline land improvement materials can meet the requirements of the growth of new species hybrid willows on nutrients, are reasonably blended; the used materials are all mineral, agricultural and industrial wastes which have extensive source, and therefore low cost, high pertinency and improvement cost reduction are achieved; in addition, the invention is beneficial to the popularization and the generalization of a technology.

The invention discloses a saline-alkali land comprehensive improving system and belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali land improvement. The saline-alkali land comprehensive improving system comprises a latticed saline-alkali land with a cofferdam, a moisture separation layer, salt-controlling and permeation-increasing closed conduits and water collection pipes, wherein trapezoidal soil stacks and inverted-trapezoidal trenches are plowed on the saline-alkali land; salt-controlling and permeation-increasing holes, water collection holes and detection scaleplates are drilled on the land; non-woven fabric filtering material is arranged on the salt-controlling and permeation-increasing pipes; and a water inlet hole is formed in ach water collection pipe. The invention further provides an improving method for the improving system. The improving method comprises steps of selecting a land, paving the moisture-separation layer, burying the salt-controlling and permeation-increasing closed conduits and water collection pipes, repairing the cofferdam, a trapezoidal soil pile, an inverted-trapezoidal trench, punching holes, applying soil fertilizer, planting crops, managing the field, and managing the salt-controlling and permeation-increasing closed conduits and the water collection pipes. Soil moisture storage property can be improved and nutrient can be remained; soil shatter value can be improved and soil hardening degree can be enhanced; water and fertilizer can be remained; great temperature increasing effect can be achieved; salt in a ploughing area can be greatly decreased; and salt content can be controlled within 0.2%.

The invention belongs to the saline land improvement technical field, and especially relates to a saline land improvement method and improvement system; the method comprises the following steps: 1, trenching; 2, draining; 3, isolation; 4, soil refilling; 5, fresh water irrigation; 6, laying organoclay; the system comprises a trench, and the trench comprises a drainage device, an isolation layer and a soil layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top; the drainage device comprises a plurality of salt collection pipes and salt discharge pipes connected with the salt collection pipes; the salt discharge pipe is provided with a salt discharge valve; a waterproof layer is arranged on an inner side of the trench; the method is simple in steps, easy to operate, can effectively reduce saline-alkaline level in the saline land, is suitable for crops plantation, low in improvement cost, and an improvement effect lasts in a long time.