Protective barrier structure for bay window of high-rise residential building

Abstract

The utility model relates to a bay window protective barrier structure of a high-rise residential building, and aims to improve the safety protection performance of a bay window of the high-rise residential building. The structure comprises an outer window, an indoor protective barrier system and an outdoor protective barrier system. The outer window consists of a fixed window and an opening sash; the outdoor protective handrail system is composed of outer square steel tube stand columns, outer square steel tube handrails, interlayer safety glass breast boards and square steel tube transverse handrails and arranged within the width range of an opening sash on the outdoor side of the convex window outer window. The indoor protective handrail system comprises a first inner steel pipe stand column, a first inner steel pipe handrail, a first inner steel pipe vertical handrail, a second inner steel pipe vertical handrail, a second inner steel pipe stand column and a second inner steel pipe handrail, and the complete indoor protective system is formed. Through cooperative work of indoor and outdoor protective barrier systems, a stable protective structure is formed, personnel are effectively prevented from falling from the bay window, and life and property safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building safety protection technology, and in particular to a protective railing structure for bay windows in high-rise residential buildings. Background Technology

[0002] While bay windows in high-rise residential buildings can effectively expand interior space and enhance natural lighting, they also pose safety hazards. According to Article 6.11.7 of the "Unified Standard for Civil Building Design" GB 50352-2019 and Article 5.8.2 of the "Residential Building Design Code" GB 50096-2011, when the height of the bay window sill from the ground is less than or equal to 0.45m, and the net height of the bottom of the operable sash opening from the window sill is less than 0.90m, protective measures must be taken, and the protective height must be no less than 0.90m from the window sill. Traditional guardrail installation methods have many drawbacks: if installed on the inside of the window, they severely obstruct the operable sash, affecting its height and area; if installed on the outside, while reducing encroachment on interior space and impact on window opening to some extent, they significantly damage the aesthetics of the building facade and are difficult to position precisely during construction, failing to form a stable connection with the main structure and posing significant safety risks. Furthermore, traditional window exterior guardrails do not adequately consider the coordinated design with the windows and walls, resulting in limitations on their style. Large-area guardrails are insufficient to meet the aesthetic requirements of modern high-rise residential buildings. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an innovative bay window guardrail structure that ensures personnel safety, does not affect the window opening function or the building's facade aesthetics, and also provides good thermal insulation and ventilation performance. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a protective railing structure for bay windows in high-rise residential buildings, thereby solving the aforementioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A protective railing structure for bay windows in high-rise residential buildings, comprising:

[0006] An exterior window, which includes a fixed window and an operable sash, together with the fixed window and the operable sash, forms the exterior window of a bay window, which is installed inside the bay window opening;

[0007] The outer steel pipe columns are set on both sides of the bay window and are connected and fixed to the main structure to support and fix the guardrail.

[0008] The outer steel pipe handrail is installed at the top of the outer steel pipe column and connected to the outer steel pipe column to form the upper support of the guardrail.

[0009] Laminated safety glass panels are installed between the outer steel pipe handrail and the outer steel pipe posts to provide protection while allowing light to pass through;

[0010] The square steel tube horizontal railing is installed between the outer square steel tube columns and connected to the outer square steel tube columns to enhance the strength and stability of the guardrail.

[0011] It also includes a first inner steel pipe column, a first inner steel pipe handrail, a first inner steel pipe vertical railing, a second inner steel pipe vertical railing, a second inner steel pipe column, and a second inner steel pipe handrail; the first and second inner steel pipe columns are set on the inner side of the outer window of the bay window and are connected and fixed to the main structure, used to cooperate with the outdoor guardrail to form a complete protection system on the indoor and outdoor sides of the bay window; the first and second inner steel pipe handrails are respectively set on the top of the first and second inner steel pipe columns and connected to the corresponding columns to form the indoor upper support of the guardrail; the first and second inner steel pipe vertical railings are respectively connected and fixed to the first and second inner steel pipe handrails and the main structure to form a complete internal guardrail system, and the net spacing between the vertical railings is ≤110mm;

[0012] The outer square steel pipe columns, outer square steel pipe handrails, laminated safety glass balustrades, and square steel pipe horizontal railings together constitute the outdoor protective railing system for the bay window. This system is installed within the width of the opening sash on the outdoor side of the bay window to prevent people from falling from the bay window. The components of the inner window constitute the indoor protective railing system for the bay window, installed on the indoor side of the outer window to provide safety protection for the fixed sash area of ​​both the indoor and outdoor windows. The protective railing system, through the connection between the outer square steel pipe columns and the main structure, as well as the connection between the columns of the inner window and the main structure, forms a stable protective structure, ensuring the safety of people in high-rise residential buildings.

[0013] In some specific embodiments, the lower end of the outer steel pipe column is fixed to the main structure by anchors, and the upper end is welded to the outer steel pipe handrail to ensure the vertical stability of the guardrail system and to withstand the horizontal impact force.

[0014] In some specific embodiments, the outer steel pipe handrail is welded to the outer steel pipe column to ensure the reliability of the upper support of the guardrail.

[0015] In some specific embodiments, the laminated safety glass railing is provided with sealing strips around its perimeter, which are embedded in the reserved grooves of the outer square steel pipe posts and outer square steel pipe handrails. The strips are bonded and fixed to the metal components with sealant to prevent the glass from loosening and falling off, while also enhancing the sealing performance of the guardrail and preventing rainwater from penetrating.

[0016] In some specific embodiments, the square steel tube horizontal railing has three sections, located at the lower, middle and upper parts of the outer square steel tube column, respectively, and is welded to the outer square steel tube column to form multiple horizontal support points, evenly dispersing the vertical force, improving the structural strength of the guardrail, and the surface is provided with anti-slip texture to increase the friction when in contact with the human body and prevent accidental slipping.

[0017] In some specific embodiments, the outer square steel pipe columns, outer square steel pipe handrails, and square steel pipe horizontal railings are made of Q235B low carbon steel square steel pipes with a wall thickness ≥2.0mm to meet structural strength requirements. The surface is hot-dip galvanized with a zinc layer thickness ≥65μm to ensure that the guardrail system has excellent weather resistance in outdoor environments, resists rust, and extends its service life.

[0018] In some specific embodiments, the laminated safety glass railing is made of 12mm thick laminated glass, which is made of two 6mm thick float glass sheets sandwiched with a 0.76mm thick PVB film.

[0019] In some specific embodiments, the height of the internal and external integrated protective railing system is ≥900mm from the finished surface of the bay window sill.

[0020] In some specific embodiments, the outer steel pipe column is welded to the pre-installed 10mm Q235B steel plate embedded part of the main structure.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model discloses a protective railing structure for a bay window in a high-rise residential building, comprising: an outer window, including a fixed window and an operable sash, forming the outer bay window and installed inside the window opening; outer square steel pipe columns, located on both sides of the outer window and connected and fixed to the main structure; outer square steel pipe handrails, located at the top of the columns and connected to the columns; a laminated safety glass balustrade, located between the handrails and the columns; square steel pipe horizontal railings, located between the columns and connected to the columns; and an inner window, including a first inner steel pipe column, a first inner steel pipe handrail, a first inner steel pipe vertical railing, a second inner steel pipe vertical railing, a second inner steel pipe column, and a second inner steel pipe handrail. Each component is located on the inner side of the outer window and connected to the main structure. The outer window components constitute an outdoor protective railing system, and the inner window components constitute an indoor protective railing system. The two work together to form a stable protective structure, ensuring personnel safety. This utility model has the following effects:

[0022] Safety Upgrades: Made of high-strength Q235B low-carbon steel and laminated safety glass, the guardrails are designed to meet specifications, ensuring they are stable and reliable, effectively preventing falls and protecting life and property.

[0023] Optimized living experience: The high light transmittance of the laminated safety glass ensures indoor lighting and creates a bright and quiet indoor environment.

[0024] Facade aesthetic maintenance: The components are rationally laid out with simple and smooth lines, blending in with the style of the building facade, avoiding the damage to the building's aesthetics caused by traditional guardrails, and enhancing the building's sense of quality.

[0025] High durability and practicality: Metal parts are hot-dip galvanized, providing excellent corrosion resistance and extending service life. Component connections are made using welding, bolting, and other methods, and are equipped with anti-loosening washers to ensure the reliability of the connections.

[0026] Wide adaptability: The height and component specifications can be adjusted according to different building needs, adapting to different floor heights and regulatory requirements, and has good prospects for promotion and application. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the outdoor protective railing for the bay window of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the indoor protective railing for the bay window of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0030] In the attached diagram: 1. Fixed window; 2. Opening sash; 3. Outer square steel pipe column; 4. Outer square steel pipe handrail; 5. Laminated safety glass balustrade; 6. Square steel pipe horizontal railing; 7. First inner steel pipe column; 8. First inner steel pipe handrail; 9. First inner steel pipe vertical railing; 10. Second inner steel pipe vertical railing; 11. Second inner steel pipe column; 12. Second inner steel pipe handrail. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The illustrated structure of a protective railing for a bay window in a high-rise residential building includes:

[0033] The exterior window includes a fixed window 1 and an operable sash 2. The fixed window 1 and the operable sash 2 together form the exterior window of the bay window. The exterior window 1 is installed inside the bay window opening.

[0034] It should be noted that the exterior windows are tightly connected to the wall at the edge of the window opening using professional sealant and hardware.

[0035] Operating method: Fixed windows are used to provide lighting and visual effects, while operable windows are used for ventilation. The height of the complete internal and external protective railing system is ≥900mm from the finished surface of the bay window sill, ensuring protective function without affecting indoor lighting, ventilation, and views.

[0036] The outer steel pipe column 3 is set on both sides of the outer window of the bay window and is connected and fixed to the main structure to support and fix the guardrail.

[0037] The lower end of the outer steel pipe column 3 is pre-embedded in a reserved hole in the main structure and fixed to the main structure by anchors such as chemical anchors or expansion bolts, with an anchoring depth of not less than 120mm and a minimum of two anchors. This connection method ensures the vertical stability and load-bearing capacity of the outer steel pipe column.

[0038] The upper end is welded to the outer steel pipe handrail 4 to form a solid overall structure. At the same time, the connection with the main structure ensures that the guardrail system can withstand horizontal impact forces.

[0039] The outer side is equipped with diagonal reinforcing ribs that connect to the main structure. These ribs are made of 10mm thick Q235B steel plates and are welded to the outer square steel pipe columns and the main structure, further enhancing the stability and load-bearing capacity of the outer square steel pipe columns.

[0040] Working method: The outer steel pipe columns serve as the basic support structure of the guardrail system, bearing loads from all directions, including the impact force of people and wind loads, and transferring these loads to the main structure to ensure the stability and safety of the guardrail system.

[0041] The outer steel pipe handrail 4 is installed on the top of the outer steel pipe column 3 and connected to the outer steel pipe column 3 to form the upper support of the guardrail;

[0042] The outer steel pipe handrail 4 is connected to the outer steel pipe column 3 by galvanized bolts. Anti-loosening washers are provided at the connection to prevent the bolts from loosening due to vibration. This connection method ensures the strength of the connection while facilitating installation and maintenance.

[0043] Working method: The outer steel pipe handrail mainly serves as upper protection and support in the guardrail system, providing a place for people to grasp and lean on, preventing people from climbing over the top of the guardrail. At the same time, it connects with the outer steel pipe posts to form an integral frame structure, enhancing the overall stability and rigidity of the guardrail system.

[0044] A laminated safety glass panel 5 is installed between the outer steel pipe handrail 4 and the outer steel pipe column 3 to provide protection while allowing light to pass through.

[0045] The laminated safety glass balustrade 5 serves as the main protective component of the guardrail system. It is equipped with sealing strips around its perimeter, which are embedded in the pre-drilled grooves of the outer steel pipe posts 3 and the outer steel pipe handrail 4, and then bonded and fixed to the metal components using sealant. This connection method ensures the secure installation of the laminated safety glass balustrade and enhances the sealing performance of the guardrail system, effectively preventing rainwater penetration.

[0046] Working Method: The main function of laminated safety glass railings is to provide a transparent protective barrier to prevent people from falling, while ensuring indoor lighting and visual appeal. When subjected to external impact, the PVB film in the laminated glass acts as a buffer and adhesive, preventing glass fragments from flying and injuring people, thus enhancing the safety performance of the guardrail system.

[0047] The square steel pipe horizontal railing 6 is installed between the outer square steel pipe columns 3 and connected to the outer square steel pipe columns 3 to enhance the strength and stability of the guardrail.

[0048] The square steel pipe horizontal railing 6 and the outer square steel pipe vertical column 3 are connected by welding, specifically manual arc welding, with welding parameters controlled at a current of 180A, electrode type E4303, and a weld height of not less than 4mm. After welding, the weld is carefully ground to ensure a smooth and flat surface.

[0049] Working Method: The main function of the square steel tube horizontal railing is to enhance the strength and stability of the guardrail, forming multiple horizontal support points to evenly distribute vertical forces and improve the structural strength of the guardrail. When subjected to a person's collision or other vertical loads, the square steel tube horizontal railing can evenly transfer the load to the outer square steel tube posts, preventing excessive local stress that could lead to deformation or damage to the guardrail. Simultaneously, its surface has anti-slip textures, increasing friction when in contact with the human body, preventing accidental slips, and further improving the safety performance of the guardrail.

[0050] It should be noted that the exterior windows provide natural light and ventilation to the interior, and work in conjunction with the guardrail system to ensure safety during use.

[0051] Outer steel pipe columns: As the supporting structure of the guardrail system, they bear the main vertical and horizontal loads, ensuring the stability and reliability of the guardrail.

[0052] External steel pipe handrail: Provides upper grip and protection for people, preventing them from falling from the bay window, and connects with the external steel pipe column to form an overall frame structure.

[0053] Laminated safety glass railings: provide a transparent protective barrier to prevent people from falling while ensuring indoor lighting and visual effects; their sealing strips and sealant treatment enhance the sealing performance of the railings, preventing rainwater penetration.

[0054] Square steel tube horizontal railings: Increase the strength and stability of the guardrails, form multiple horizontal support points, evenly distribute vertical forces, and improve the overall performance of the structure; the anti-slip texture on the surface increases friction when in contact with the human body, preventing accidental slips.

[0055] It also includes a first inner steel pipe column 7, a first inner steel pipe handrail 8, a first inner steel pipe vertical railing 9, a second inner steel pipe vertical railing 10, a second inner steel pipe column 11, and a second inner steel pipe handrail 12; the first inner steel pipe column 7 and the second inner steel pipe column 11 are set on the inner side of the outer window of the bay window and are connected and fixed to the main structure, used to cooperate with the outdoor guardrail to form a complete protection system on the indoor and outdoor sides of the bay window; the first inner steel pipe handrail 8 and the second inner steel pipe handrail 12 are respectively set on the top of the first inner steel pipe column 7 and the second inner steel pipe column 11, and connected to the corresponding column to form the indoor upper support of the guardrail; the first inner steel pipe vertical railing 9 and the second inner steel pipe vertical railing 10 are respectively connected and fixed to the first inner steel pipe handrail 8 and the second inner steel pipe handrail 12 and the main structure to form a complete internal guardrail system, and the net spacing between the vertical railings is not greater than 110mm.

[0056] Indoor guardrail system

[0057] The first inner steel pipe column 7 and the second inner steel pipe column 11 are located on the inner side of the bay window and are welded and fixed to the pre-installed steel plates of the main structure, providing a solid backing for indoor protection. They echo the outdoor columns, working together to build a strong safety barrier both indoors and outdoors.

[0058] The first inner steel pipe handrail 8 and the second inner steel pipe handrail 12 are respectively located on the top of the first and second inner steel pipe columns and are connected by galvanized bolts. The joints are also protected by anti-loosening washers, forming an upper protective support for the interior and providing reliable grip points for people inside.

[0059] First inner steel pipe vertical railing 9 and second inner steel pipe vertical railing 10: vertically connect the corresponding handrails to the main structure, with a net distance of no more than 110mm, to avoid the risk of accidental passage and form a complete indoor safety net.

[0060] Collaborative protection mechanism

[0061] Indoor and outdoor synergy: The outdoor protective system, with its high-strength materials and robust connections, withstands external impacts, while the indoor system provides double protection for indoor activities. Together, they form a stable protective structure through a secure connection to the main structure, working in synergy to keep risks out.

[0062] Force transmission: When subjected to external impact, the outdoor columns and diagonal reinforcing ribs disperse horizontal forces to the main structure; vertical railings can evenly transmit vertical impact forces to the columns. Indoor columns and handrails also share some of the force, enhancing overall stability. Laminated glass prevents fragments from flying, maintaining protective functionality.

[0063] Daily Use Guarantee: The operable sash 2 of the exterior window can be opened normally for ventilation, ensuring that it is not interfered with by the guardrail when opened, allowing for worry-free ventilation. The guardrail height meets the standards, provides visual transparency without oppression, and its appearance matches the architectural style. The hot-dip galvanized anti-corrosion metal parts are durable.

[0064] The outer square steel pipe column 3, outer square steel pipe handrail 4, laminated safety glass balustrade 5, and square steel pipe horizontal railing 6 together constitute the outdoor protective railing system for the bay window. It is installed within the width of the opening sash on the outdoor side of the bay window to prevent people from falling from the bay window. The components of the inner window constitute the indoor protective railing system for the bay window. It is installed on the indoor side of the outer window to provide safety protection for the fixed sash area of ​​the indoor and outdoor windows. The protective railing system forms a stable protective structure through the connection between the outer square steel pipe column 3 and the main structure, as well as the connection between the columns of the inner window and the main structure, to ensure the safety of people in high-rise residential buildings.

[0065] I. External Window Protective Railing System

[0066] The outer square steel pipe columns 3 are located on the outer side of the bay window, within the width of the operable sash 2, and arranged along both sides of the bay window. The outer square steel pipe handrail 4 is installed at the top of the outer square steel pipe columns 3, extending along the upper edge of the bay window. The laminated safety glass balustrade 5 is installed between the outer square steel pipe columns 3 and the outer square steel pipe handrail 4, covering the entire outer surface of the bay window. Square steel pipe horizontal railings 6 are arranged horizontally between the outer square steel pipe columns 3, located at the bottom, middle, and top of the columns respectively.

[0067] The lower end of the outer square steel pipe column 3 is pre-embedded in the reserved hole of the main structure and fixed to the main structure with anchors, while the upper end is welded to the outer square steel pipe handrail 4. The outer square steel pipe handrail 4 is connected to the outer square steel pipe column 3 with galvanized bolts, and anti-loosening gaskets are provided at the connection. The laminated safety glass railing 5 is equipped with sealing strips around its perimeter, which are embedded in the reserved grooves of the outer square steel pipe column 3 and the outer square steel pipe handrail 4, and are bonded and fixed to the metal components with sealant. The square steel pipe horizontal railing 6 is connected to the outer square steel pipe column 3 by welding.

[0068] Functions: The outer square steel pipe posts 3 serve as the supporting structure of the guardrail system, bearing the main vertical and horizontal loads and ensuring the stability and reliability of the guardrail. The outer square steel pipe handrails 4 provide upper grip and protection for people, preventing falls from the bay window, and connect with the outer square steel pipe posts 3 to form an integrated frame structure. The laminated safety glass balustrade 5 provides a transparent protective barrier to prevent falls while ensuring indoor lighting and visual appeal. The square steel pipe horizontal railings 6 increase the strength and stability of the guardrail, forming multiple horizontal support points to evenly distribute vertical forces and improve the overall performance of the structure.

[0069] Working principle

[0070] When a person accidentally approaches or bumps into the exterior window guardrail, the outer square steel pipe column 3 distributes the horizontal impact force to the main structure of the building through its anchoring connection, ensuring that the guardrail is not knocked off. When the square steel pipe horizontal railing 6 is subjected to vertical impact force, such as when a child leans against it or an object hits it, it can evenly distribute the force to the outer square steel pipe column 3, avoiding excessive local stress that could lead to deformation and failure. When the laminated safety glass panel 5 is subjected to external impact, its internal PVB film can effectively prevent the glass from shattering and flying. Even if the glass breaks, it can maintain its integrity and continue to provide a certain degree of protection. The outer square steel pipe handrail 4 provides users with an upper grip point. When the lower horizontal railing is under force or a person loses balance, the handrail can help the person maintain balance. At the same time, through its bolt connection to the column, it transfers part of the force to the column, enhancing the overall stability of the protective system. The exterior window safety railing system is installed on the outdoor side of the bay window, at a height of ≥900mm from the finished surface of the bay window sill, to ensure that people cannot fall from the bay window and effectively protect life and property safety.

[0071] II. Interior Window Protective Railing System

[0072] The first inner steel pipe column 7 and the second inner steel pipe column 11 are installed on the inner side of the outer window of the bay window, arranged along both sides of the bay window, and connected and fixed to the main structure. The first inner steel pipe handrail 8 and the second inner steel pipe handrail 12 are respectively installed on the top of the first inner steel pipe column 7 and the second inner steel pipe column 11, extending along the upper edge of the bay window. The first inner steel pipe vertical railing 9 and the second inner steel pipe vertical railing 10 are respectively connected and fixed to the first inner steel pipe handrail 8 and the second inner steel pipe handrail 12 and the main structure, and are arranged vertically on the indoor side of the bay window.

[0073] The first inner steel pipe column 7 and the second inner steel pipe column 11 are welded to the Q235B steel plate embedded parts pre-installed in the main structure. The first inner steel pipe handrail 8 and the second inner steel pipe handrail 12 are respectively connected to the first inner steel pipe column 7 and the second inner steel pipe column 11 by galvanized bolts, and anti-loosening washers are provided at the connection. The upper ends of the first inner steel pipe vertical railing 9 and the second inner steel pipe vertical railing 10 are welded to the corresponding first inner steel pipe handrail 8 and the second inner steel pipe handrail 12, and the lower ends are connected and fixed to the main structure.

[0074] Function: The first inner steel pipe column 7 and the second inner steel pipe column 11 serve as the supporting structure of the indoor protective railing system, working in conjunction with the exterior window protective railing system to form a complete protective system on both the indoor and outdoor sides of the bay window. The first inner steel pipe handrail 8 and the second inner steel pipe handrail 12 provide upper gripping and support points for indoor personnel, preventing accidents caused by people crossing the window sill from the indoor side, and simultaneously connecting with the inner steel pipe columns to form an integral frame structure. The first inner steel pipe vertical railing 9 and the second inner steel pipe vertical railing 10 increase the strength and stability of the indoor protective railing, forming multiple vertical support points, evenly distributing horizontal forces, improving the overall performance of the structure, and ensuring that the net spacing between the vertical railings is no more than 110mm to prevent people's heads or bodies from passing through the railings and causing danger.

[0075] Working principle

[0076] The interior window safety railing system provides an additional layer of protection for the interior, working in conjunction with the exterior window safety railing system to enhance overall protective performance. When people are inside near the bay window, the interior window safety railing system effectively prevents them from accidentally falling across the windowsill from the interior side. If a person accidentally bumps into the interior window safety railing, the first inner steel pipe column 7 and the second inner steel pipe column 11 transfer the horizontal impact force to the main structure of the building through their welded connections, ensuring the stability and reliability of the safety railing system. When subjected to horizontal impact force, the first inner steel pipe vertical railing 9 and the second inner steel pipe vertical railing 10 can evenly distribute the force to the inner steel pipe columns, avoiding excessive local stress that could lead to deformation and failure. The first inner steel pipe handrail 8 and the second inner steel pipe handrail 12 provide users with upper grip points. When the lower vertical railing is under stress or a person loses balance, the handrails can help the body maintain balance. At the same time, through their bolted connections to the columns, they transfer some of the force to the columns, enhancing the overall stability of the safety system. Within the fixed sash 1, the height of the internal window guardrail system is ≥900mm from the finished surface of the bay window sill, and within the width of the operable sash 2, the height is not higher than the lower edge of the operable sash opening. This satisfies the protection requirements without affecting the normal opening and closing of the external window, ensuring the ventilation and lighting needs of the room.

[0077] III. Overall Protective Structure

[0078] Connection

[0079] The external window guardrail system forms a stable protective structure through the connection between the external steel pipe column 3 and the main structure, and the connection between the columns of the internal window guardrail system, namely the first inner steel pipe column 7 and the second inner steel pipe column 11, and the main structure.

[0080] Function: Safety railing systems, through the coordinated operation of exterior and interior window railings, ensure the safety of people in high-rise residential buildings. Exterior window railings prevent falls from bay windows, while interior window railings prevent accidents caused by people crossing window sills from the interior. Together, they form a complete safety system, effectively protecting life and property.

[0081] Working principle

[0082] When the exterior window sash 2 is open, the height of the indoor safety railings within the width of the sash does not exceed the lower edge of the sash opening, ensuring the sash opens inwards. Simultaneously, the exterior and interior window safety railing systems provide protection from both the interior and exterior sides, ensuring personnel safety. In the event of strong winds or unintentional collisions with the railings, the horizontal impact force received by the exterior steel pipe columns 3 and the interior window columns is dispersed and transmitted to the main building structure through their connection with the main structure, ensuring the safety railing system remains stable under various working conditions and will not loosen or be damaged by external forces. When subjected to external impact, the PVB film inside the laminated safety glass balustrade 5 effectively prevents glass shattering and splashing; even if the glass breaks, it maintains its integrity and continues to provide some protection. The entire safety railing system is installed on both the interior and exterior sides of the bay window exterior, tightly integrated with the main building structure to form a stable protective structure, ensuring the safety of people in high-rise residential buildings and effectively preventing falls.

[0083] In some specific embodiments, the lower end of the outer steel pipe column 3 is pre-embedded in the reserved hole of the main structure and fixed to the main structure by anchors, and the upper end is welded to the outer steel pipe handrail 4 to ensure the vertical stability of the guardrail system and to withstand the horizontal impact force.

[0084] In some specific embodiments, the outer steel pipe handrail 4 is connected to the outer steel pipe column 3 by galvanized bolts, and anti-loosening washers are provided at the connection to prevent the bolts from loosening due to vibration and to ensure the reliability of the upper support of the guardrail.

[0085] In some specific embodiments, the laminated safety glass railing 5 is provided with sealing strips around its perimeter, which are embedded in the reserved grooves of the outer square steel pipe column 3 and the outer square steel pipe handrail 4. The strips are bonded and fixed to the metal components by the sealant to prevent the glass from loosening and falling off, while also enhancing the sealing performance of the guardrail and preventing rainwater from penetrating.

[0086] In some specific embodiments, the square steel pipe horizontal railing 6 is provided in three sections, located at the lower, middle and upper parts of the outer square steel pipe column 3 respectively, and welded to the outer square steel pipe column 3 to form multiple horizontal support points, evenly dispersing the vertical force, improving the structural strength of the guardrail, and the surface is provided with anti-slip texture to increase the friction when in contact with the human body and prevent accidental slipping.

[0087] In some specific embodiments, the outer square steel pipe column 3, the outer square steel pipe handrail 4, and the square steel pipe horizontal railing 6 are made of Q235B low carbon steel square steel pipe with a wall thickness ≥2.0mm to meet the structural strength requirements. The surface is hot-dip galvanized with a zinc layer thickness ≥65μm to ensure that the guardrail system has excellent weather resistance in outdoor environments, resists rust, and extends its service life.

[0088] In some specific embodiments, the laminated safety glass panel 5 is made of 12mm thick laminated glass, which is made of two 6mm thick float glass sheets sandwiched with a 0.76mm thick PVB film.

[0089] In some specific embodiments, the height of the indoor guardrail within the width of the operable window is no higher than the lower edge of the operable window opening, and the height within the fixed window area is ≥900mm from the finished surface of the bay window sill; the height of the outdoor guardrail is ≥900mm from the finished surface of the bay window sill. The height of the overall indoor and outdoor guardrail system is ≥900mm from the finished surface of the bay window sill.

[0090] In some specific embodiments, the outer steel pipe column 3 is welded to the 10mm Q235B steel plate embedded part of the main structure.

[0091] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a detailed description of the protective railing structure for bay windows in high-rise residential buildings:

[0092] In the actual construction process, firstly, based on the architectural design drawings, the location of the bay window is accurately positioned, and the installation opening for the exterior window 1, as well as the pre-embedded holes for the exterior square steel pipe column 2, the first interior square steel pipe column 7, and the second interior square steel pipe column 11, are reserved. Next, the exterior window 1 is steadily hoisted into the opening, and professional sealant and hardware are used to tightly connect it to the wall at the edge of the window opening, ensuring the installation's firmness and airtightness. Simultaneously, the exterior square steel pipe column 2, the first interior square steel pipe column 7, and the second interior square steel pipe column 11, which have undergone hot-dip galvanized anti-corrosion treatment, are accurately inserted into the pre-embedded holes on the exterior and interior sides, respectively. Using anchors, such as chemical anchors or expansion bolts, they are firmly fixed to the main structure with an anchoring depth of not less than 120mm and at least two anchors, ensuring that the verticality deviation of the columns is controlled within 3mm, providing a solid foundation for the subsequent installation of components.

[0093] Subsequently, according to the predetermined design height and position, the outer square steel pipe handrail 3 and the first inner square steel pipe handrail 8 and the second inner square steel pipe handrail 12 were reliably connected to the outer square steel pipe column 2 and the first inner square steel pipe column 7 and the second inner square steel pipe column 11, respectively, using galvanized bolts. The bolt installation torque strictly adhered to the standard of 45-55 N·m to ensure that the connection strength met the design requirements. Anti-loosening washers were carefully installed at the connection points to prevent the bolts from loosening due to building vibration or temperature changes in the future. At this point, the outer square steel pipe handrail 3 and the first inner square steel pipe handrail 8 and the second inner square steel pipe handrail 12 respectively formed stable horizontal protective barriers on the upper part of the indoor and outdoor structures.

[0094] Next, the laminated safety glass balustrade 4 is gently inserted into the pre-reserved installation groove between the outer steel pipe handrail 3 and the outer steel pipe column 2, maintaining a suitable distance of 150-200mm between the lower part and the bay window sill. After carefully wrapping the balustrade with sealing strips, neutral silicone sealant is used to bond and fix it to the metal components. The sealant should be applied evenly and fully to ensure no gaps between the balustrade and the components, effectively preventing rainwater leakage and air infiltration. This process not only adds a transparent and bright protective barrier to the building facade but also significantly improves the overall airtightness and watertightness.

[0095] Finally, the three square steel pipe horizontal railings 5 ​​were precisely installed at the lower, middle, and upper positions of the outer square steel pipe column 2, respectively. The center of the lower horizontal railing was approximately 250mm from the bay window sill, the middle horizontal railing was located at the midpoint between the lower and upper horizontal railings, and the upper horizontal railing was flush against the bottom of the outer square steel pipe handrail 3. Each horizontal railing was firmly welded to the outer square steel pipe column 2 using manual arc welding. The welding parameters were strictly controlled within the standard range of 180A current, E4303 welding rod, and a weld height of not less than 4mm. After welding, the weld was carefully ground to ensure a smooth and flat surface without obvious slag or burrs, ensuring both connection strength and a neat and aesthetically pleasing appearance.

[0096] Thus, a protective railing structure for bay windows in high-rise residential buildings, integrating safety protection, comfortable living experience, beautiful facade, durability, practicality, and wide adaptability, has been successfully constructed. This structure not only provides comprehensive safety protection for high-rise residential users but also significantly enhances the quality and aesthetics of the living environment, making it a preferred solution for modern high-rise residential building design and construction.

[0097] Detailed description of the embodiments:

[0098] I. Background of the Implementation Examples

[0099] In a newly built high-rise residential project, the architectural design adopted bay windows to improve indoor lighting, ventilation and space utilization, but it had to meet strict building safety regulations to prevent people from accidentally falling from the bay windows, while also taking into account the aesthetics of the building facade and the indoor living experience.

[0100] II. Component Installation Details

[0101] Window installation

[0102] Fixed window and operable sash combination: Fixed window 1 is installed in the window opening inside the bay window, fixed to the wall with expansion bolts, and the gap between the window frame and the wall is filled with polyurethane foam and then sealed with weather-resistant sealant to ensure airtightness and sound insulation. Operable sash 2 opens inward.

[0103] External window installation effect: After the external windows are installed, good lighting and ventilation are ensured, and a foundation is laid for the subsequent installation of guardrails.

[0104] Outdoor guardrail system installation

[0105] Installation of External Square Steel Pipe Column 3: During the main structure construction phase, 100mm thick steel plate embeddings are pre-embedded in the main structure of the exterior wall. External square steel pipe column 3 uses Q235B square steel pipes with specifications of 60mm×60mm×2.0mm wall thickness, and the length is customized according to the protection height. The square steel column is welded to the pre-embedded steel plate, and sealant is used to seal the gap between the insulation layer and the external square steel pipe column.

[0106] Installation of outer square steel pipe handrail 4: The outer square steel pipe handrail 4 uses Q235B square steel pipe with specifications of 60mm×40mm×2.0mm wall thickness. The length is determined on-site based on the width of the bay window. The outer square steel pipe handrail is welded to the outer square steel pipe column. During installation, spring washers are added between the nuts and bolts to prevent the bolts from loosening.

[0107] Installation of laminated safety glass railing 5: A 10mm wide and 10mm deep installation groove is reserved between the outer steel pipe handrail 4 and the outer steel pipe post 3. During installation, first embed a sealing strip into the groove, then slowly insert the laminated glass into the groove, leaving a 5mm gap around the edges. Use neutral silicone weather-resistant sealant for sealing to ensure that the glass is firmly installed and has good sealing performance.

[0108] Installation of square steel pipe horizontal railing 6: The square steel pipe horizontal railing 6 uses Q235B square steel pipe with a wall thickness of 60mm×40mm×2.0mm. Welding positions are reserved at the bottom, middle, and top of the outer square steel pipe column 3. Welding is performed using manual arc welding with a welding current of 180A, E4303 welding rod, and a weld height of 5mm. After welding, the weld is ground to remove slag and burrs, ensuring a smooth and even weld appearance.

[0109] Indoor guardrail system installation

[0110] Installation of the first inner square steel pipe column 7 and the first inner square steel pipe column 11: The first inner square steel pipe column 7 and the first inner square steel pipe column 11 are made of Q235B square steel pipe with a specification of 60mm×60mm×2.0mm wall thickness, and the length is customized according to the protection height. The column is welded to the main structure with a 10mm Q235B steel plate embedded part to ensure the protection support on the indoor side.

[0111] Installation of the first inner square steel pipe handrail 8 and the second inner square steel pipe handrail 12: The first inner square steel pipe handrail 8 and the second inner square steel pipe handrail 12 are made of Q235B square steel pipe with a specification of 60mm×40mm×2.0mm wall thickness. They are connected to the first inner square steel pipe column 7 and the first inner square steel pipe column 11 by galvanized bolts. Anti-loosening washers are provided at the connection to ensure the reliability of the indoor upper protection.

[0112] Installation of the first inner square steel pipe vertical railing 9 and the second inner square steel pipe vertical railing 10: The first inner square steel pipe vertical railing 9 and the second inner square steel pipe vertical railing 10 are made of Q235B square steel pipe with a wall thickness of 60mm×40mm×2.0mm. The clear spacing between the vertical railings is no more than 110mm. The upper end of the vertical railing is welded to the corresponding first inner square steel pipe handrail 8 and second inner square steel pipe handrail 12, and the lower end is connected and fixed to the main structure.

[0113] Structural collaborative working mechanism

[0114] For daily use: The operable sash 2 of the exterior window can be opened normally for ventilation, ensuring that it is not interfered with by the guardrail when opened. The height of the guardrail is ≥900mm from the finished surface of the bay window sill, which not only meets the requirements of building safety codes, but also ensures visual transparency for people inside the room and does not create a feeling of oppression.

[0115] Force transmission: When encountering strong winds or unintentional collisions with the guardrail, the outer square steel pipe column 3, as the main load-bearing component, disperses and transmits the horizontal impact force to the main structure of the building through its anchoring connection with the main structure, ensuring that the guardrail is not knocked off. When subjected to vertical impact force, the square steel pipe horizontal railing 6 can evenly distribute the force to the outer square steel pipe column 3, avoiding excessive local stress that could lead to deformation and failure.

[0116] Overall protective effect: The first inner square steel pipe column 7, the first inner square steel pipe column 11, the first inner square steel pipe handrail 8, and the second inner square steel pipe handrail 12 provide an additional protective layer for the interior, preventing people from crossing the window sill from the interior side and causing accidents. They also work in conjunction with the exterior protective system to enhance overall protective performance. When subjected to external impact, the PVB film inside the laminated safety glass railing 5 effectively prevents glass shattering and fragmentation. Even if the glass breaks, it maintains its integrity and continues to provide a certain level of protection.

[0117] Through the proper installation and coordinated operation of the aforementioned components, this bay window safety railing structure for high-rise residential buildings performs excellently in terms of safety protection, living experience, architectural aesthetics, and durability. It effectively solves various problems existing in traditional bay window safety railings and provides a high-quality solution for bay window protection in high-rise residential buildings.

[0118] By adopting the above-disclosed technical solution of this utility model, the following beneficial effects are obtained:

[0119] The protective railing structure for the bay windows of this high-rise residential building has many beneficial effects, as detailed below:

[0120] Significantly improved safety protection performance

[0121] To prevent falls: The outer steel pipe columns, handrails, and horizontal railings are made of high-strength Q235B low-carbon steel, combined with 12mm thick laminated safety glass panels, forming a stable and reliable protective system. Even if the laminated glass breaks, the fragments will be held together by the PVB film and will not fly and injure people, effectively preventing people from falling from the bay window and ensuring the safety of life and property.

[0122] Resisting horizontal impact: The outer steel pipe columns are fixed to the main structure with anchors and are equipped with diagonal reinforcing ribs, which can withstand strong horizontal impact. In case of unintentional collision by personnel or strong wind, the guardrail system can be kept stable under various working conditions and will not loosen or be damaged by external forces.

[0123] The living experience has been greatly improved.

[0124] Ensuring ample natural light and a good view: The laminated safety glass railing has a high light transmittance, allowing natural light to fully enter the room without affecting people's observation of the outside world. It provides a wide view and avoids a feeling of oppression, creating a bright and comfortable living environment.

[0125] Provides sound insulation: Laminated glass has excellent sound insulation performance, with a sound insulation of not less than 35dB, which can effectively reduce the entry of external noise into the room, creating a quiet and peaceful living space for residents, and helping to improve sleep quality and daily life comfort.

[0126] Enhanced aesthetics of the building facade

[0127] Simple and smooth lines design: The components are rationally laid out with simple and elegant lines, which blends in with the architectural style of modern high-rise residential buildings. This avoids the damage to the aesthetics of buildings caused by traditional guardrails and enhances the overall quality and visual effect of the buildings.

[0128] Excellent concealment and integration: The guardrail system is set on the outdoor side of the bay window. With careful design and installation, it will not appear abrupt and can be naturally integrated into the building facade, becoming part of the building's aesthetics rather than a mere accessory component.

[0129] Improved durability and usability

[0130] Excellent weather resistance: The outer steel pipe columns, handrails and horizontal railings and other metal components are hot-dip galvanized with a zinc coating thickness of ≥65μm, which has strong corrosion resistance and can withstand long-term wind, sun exposure and rain and other natural environmental factors, extending service life and reducing maintenance costs.

[0131] Reliable connection methods: The components are connected by welding, bolting, etc., and equipped with anti-loosening gaskets to ensure that the connection is firm and reliable and is not easy to loosen or be damaged due to vibration, thermal expansion and contraction, etc., thus ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the guardrail system.

[0132] Wide adaptability

[0133] Facilitates collaborative design with other components: During the design phase, collaboration with other components such as exterior windows and walls can be fully considered to achieve integrated design. It performs excellently in terms of thermal insulation, airtightness, and other properties, meeting the comprehensive requirements of modern high-rise residential buildings for safety and comfort, and further enhancing the overall performance of the building.

[0134] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A protective railing structure for bay windows in high-rise residential buildings, characterized in that, include: An exterior window, comprising a fixed window (1) and an operable sash (2), wherein the fixed window (1) and the operable sash (2) constitute a bay window exterior window, and the exterior window is installed inside the bay window opening; The outer steel pipe columns (3) are set on both sides of the outer window of the bay window and are connected and fixed to the main structure to support and fix the guardrail; The outer steel pipe handrail (4) is set on the top of the outer steel pipe column (3) and connected to the outer steel pipe column (3) to form the upper support of the guardrail; A laminated safety glass balustrade (5) is installed between the outer steel pipe handrail (4) and the outer steel pipe post (3) to provide protection and allow light to pass through; A square steel pipe horizontal railing (6) is installed between the outer square steel pipe columns (3) and connected to the outer square steel pipe columns (3) to enhance the strength and stability of the guardrail; It also includes a first inner steel pipe column (7), a first inner steel pipe handrail (8), a first inner steel pipe vertical railing (9), a second inner steel pipe vertical railing (10), a second inner steel pipe column (11), and a second inner steel pipe handrail (12); the first inner steel pipe column (7) and the second inner steel pipe column (11) are set on the inner side of the outer window of the bay window and are connected and fixed to the main structure, for use in conjunction with the outdoor protective railing to form a complete protective system on the indoor and outdoor sides of the bay window; the first inner steel pipe handrail (8) and the second inner steel pipe handrail (12) are respectively set on the top of the first inner steel pipe column (7) and the second inner steel pipe column (11) and are connected to the corresponding column to form the indoor upper support of the protective railing; the first inner steel pipe vertical railing (9) and the second inner steel pipe vertical railing (10) are respectively connected and fixed to the first inner steel pipe handrail (8) and the second inner steel pipe handrail (12) and the main structure to form a complete internal protective railing system, and the net spacing between the vertical railings is ≤110mm; Among them, the outer square steel pipe column (3), the outer square steel pipe handrail (4), the laminated safety glass railing (5), and the square steel pipe horizontal railing (6) together constitute the outdoor protective railing system of the bay window, which is set within the width of the opening sash on the outdoor side of the bay window to prevent people from falling from the bay window; the various components of the inner window constitute the indoor protective railing system of the bay window, which is set on the indoor side of the outer window of the bay window to provide safety protection for the fixed sash area of ​​the indoor and outdoor windows; the protective railing system forms a stable protective structure through the connection between the outer square steel pipe column (3) and the main structure, and the connection between the columns of the inner window and the main structure.

2. The structure of a protective railing for a bay window in a high-rise residential building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the outer steel pipe column (3) is embedded in the reserved hole of the main structure and fixed to the main structure by anchors. The upper end is welded to the outer steel pipe handrail (4) to ensure the vertical stability of the guardrail system and to bear the impact force in the horizontal direction.

3. The protective railing structure for bay windows in high-rise residential buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer steel pipe handrail (4) is connected to the outer steel pipe column (3) by galvanized bolts, and anti-loosening pads are provided at the connection to prevent the bolts from loosening due to vibration.

4. The protective railing structure for bay windows in high-rise residential buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laminated safety glass railing (5) is provided with sealing strips around its perimeter, which are embedded in the reserved grooves of the outer square steel pipe column (3) and the outer square steel pipe handrail (4). The sealant is used to bond and fix the glass to the metal components to prevent the glass from loosening and falling off, while also enhancing the sealing performance of the guardrail and blocking rainwater penetration.

5. The protective railing structure for bay windows in high-rise residential buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The square steel pipe horizontal railing (6) has three sections, located at the lower, middle and upper parts of the outer square steel pipe column (3) respectively. It is welded to the outer square steel pipe column (3) to form multiple horizontal support points, evenly dispersing the vertical force, improving the structural strength of the guardrail, and the surface is provided with anti-slip texture to increase the friction when in contact with the human body.

6. The protective railing structure for bay windows in high-rise residential buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer square steel pipe columns (3), outer square steel pipe handrails (4) and square steel pipe horizontal railings (6) are made of Q235B low carbon steel square steel pipes with a wall thickness ≥2.0mm to meet the structural strength requirements. The surface is hot-dip galvanized with a zinc layer thickness ≥65μm to ensure that the guardrail system has excellent weather resistance in the outdoor environment, resists rust, and extends its service life.

7. The protective railing structure for bay windows in high-rise residential buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laminated safety glass railing (5) is made of 12mm thick laminated glass, which is made of two 6mm thick float glass sheets sandwiched with a 0.76mm thick PVB film.

8. The protective railing structure for bay windows in high-rise residential buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the internal and external integrated protective railing system is ≥900mm from the finished surface of the bay window sill.

9. The protective railing structure for bay windows in high-rise residential buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer steel pipe column (3) is welded to the Q235B steel plate embedded part with a pre-set 10mm diameter in the main structure.

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