A kitchen waste treatment device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a kitchen waste treatment device, belonging to the field of municipal solid waste treatment technology, comprising: a municipal solid waste storage tank; a discharge port, which is located on one side of the municipal solid waste storage tank and maintains the furthest distance from a filtrate collection tank connected to the municipal solid waste storage tank; a filter layer, which is located inside the municipal solid waste storage tank and directly below the discharge port, for filtering grease from the kitchen waste; a grease treatment mechanism, which is connected to the filtrate tank, for removing grease from the leachate; and a water treatment mechanism, which is connected to the grease treatment mechanism, for treating the water after grease filtration to obtain water that meets the requirements. By setting a filter layer in the municipal solid waste storage tank and using the municipal solid waste itself as the filter medium, the device replaces traditional pretreatment equipment such as sorting, crushing, squeezing, and dewatering, significantly shortening the pretreatment process of kitchen waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of municipal solid waste treatment technology, specifically a kitchen waste treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for county-level incineration plants, there are more and more county-level food waste co-incineration projects, but the scale of county-level food waste is small and the pre-treatment process for food waste is too long.

[0003] Currently, the pretreatment process for food waste includes sorting, crushing, extrusion, and dewatering, primarily to remove impurities and excess moisture. The solid residue from extrusion and dewatering is co-incinerated with municipal solid waste, while the leachate from dewatering is treated together with the leachate from municipal solid waste. This complex pretreatment system not only increases operational difficulty but also raises operational risks. How to simplify the process and reduce investment and operating costs while ensuring treatment effectiveness has become a pressing technical problem to be solved in the field of county-level food waste treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems of existing technologies, this utility model provides a kitchen waste treatment device, comprising: a domestic waste storage tank;

[0005] A discharge port is located on one side of the domestic waste storage tank;

[0006] A filtrate collection tank, which is connected to the domestic waste storage tank;

[0007] A filter layer is disposed in the domestic waste storage tank and located directly below the discharge port, and is used to filter grease from kitchen waste.

[0008] An oil and grease treatment unit, which is connected to the filtrate collection tank, is used to remove oil and grease from the leachate;

[0009] A water treatment unit, connected to the grease treatment unit, is used to treat the water after grease filtration to obtain water that meets the requirements.

[0010] Furthermore, the filter layer includes: a coarse filter layer and a fine filter layer;

[0011] The top of the coarse filter layer is in contact with the top of the fine filter layer, and the bottom of the fine filter layer is piled up with the bottom of the domestic waste storage tank.

[0012] The coarse filter layer is made of large-volume household waste, while the fine filter layer is made of small-volume household waste or waste with a smaller particle size than that used in the coarse filter layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the thickness of the filter layer is not less than 2m, and the thickness of both the coarse filter layer and the fine filter layer is not less than 1m.

[0014] Furthermore, the grease treatment mechanism includes: an oil separator and an air flotation assembly;

[0015] The oil separator is connected to the filtrate collection tank;

[0016] The input end of the air flotation component is connected to the oil separator, and the output end of the air flotation component is connected to the water treatment mechanism.

[0017] Furthermore, an oil skimming assembly is provided at the edge of the grease trap to skim off floating grease.

[0018] The oil scraping assembly includes: a scraper, a lead screw, and a motor;

[0019] The motor is connected to the outer wall of one side of the oil separator, the output end of the motor is connected to one end of the lead screw, and the other end of the lead screw is connected to the outer wall of the oil separator through a connecting plate;

[0020] One end of the scraper is rotatably connected to the lead screw, and the other end of the scraper is slidably connected to the slide rod. The slide rod is connected to the outer wall of the other side of the oil separator through a connecting plate.

[0021] The side wall of the oil separator is provided with an oil outlet, which is connected to an oil outlet pipe. The opening direction of the oil outlet is parallel to the setting direction of the lead screw.

[0022] The height of the oil outlet is adapted to the height of the bottom of the scraper.

[0023] Furthermore, the air flotation assembly includes: a primary air flotation device and a product water tank;

[0024] The input end of the primary air flotation device is connected to the output end of the oil separator, the output end of the primary air flotation device is connected to the input end of the product water tank, and the output end of the product water tank is connected to the water treatment mechanism.

[0025] The output end of the water production tank is also connected to the input end of the primary air flotation device through a pipeline, and a reflux pump is installed on the pipeline.

[0026] Furthermore, the water treatment system includes: an equalization tank, an anaerobic reactor, a secondary air flotation device, and a biological system;

[0027] The input end of the equalization tank is connected to the product water tank, the output end of the equalization tank is connected to the input end of the anaerobic reactor, the output end of the anaerobic reactor is connected to the input end of the secondary air flotation device, and the output end of the secondary air flotation device is connected to the biochemical system.

[0028] Furthermore, the biochemical system includes: a two-stage AO unit and a membrane bioreactor;

[0029] The input and output terminals of the two-stage AO unit are respectively connected to the secondary air flotation device and the membrane bioreactor.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0031] By installing a filter layer in the municipal solid waste storage tank, the waste itself is used as the filter medium, replacing traditional pre-treatment equipment such as sorting, crushing, squeezing, and dewatering, significantly shortening the pre-treatment process for kitchen waste. Utilizing the municipal solid waste storage tank in conjunction with the existing municipal solid waste treatment system reduces equipment investment costs. The simplified process structure reduces operational complexity, eliminating the need for specialized kitchen waste pre-treatment operators and allowing for collaborative operation with the municipal solid waste treatment system, thus reducing personnel input.

[0032] The layered design of the filter layer effectively removes solid residue and grease from kitchen waste. The subsequent oil separation, flotation, anaerobic and biochemical treatment systems ensure the treatment effect of leachate. The whole device achieves efficient treatment of kitchen waste. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This utility model provides a schematic diagram of the food waste treatment process.

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the scraper connection structure provided by this utility model.

[0035] Figure label:

[0036] In the diagram: 1 is a domestic waste storage tank, 2 is a filtrate collection tank, 3 is an oil separator, 4 is a primary air flotation unit, 5 is a product water tank, 6 is a regulating tank, 7 is an anaerobic reactor, 8 is a secondary air flotation unit, 9 is a two-stage AO unit, 10 is a membrane bioreactor, 11 is a scraper, 12 is a lead screw, 13 is a motor, and 14 is a slide bar. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Please see Figure 1-2This utility model provides a kitchen waste treatment device, including: a domestic waste storage tank 1; the domestic waste storage tank is designed to be rectangular with a length-to-width ratio of not less than 3:1; the domestic waste storage tank is also connected to an incinerator;

[0039] The discharge port is located on one side of the domestic waste storage tank 1 and is at the furthest distance from the leachate collection tank 2 connected to the domestic waste storage tank 1; the leachate collection tank is designed in the short side direction and the discharge port is designed in the long side direction.

[0040] A filter layer is provided inside the domestic waste storage tank 1 and located directly below the discharge port, for filtering grease from kitchen waste;

[0041] The filter layer includes: a coarse filter layer and a fine filter layer;

[0042] The top of the coarse filter layer is in contact with the top of the fine filter layer, and the bottom of the fine filter layer is piled up with the bottom of the domestic waste storage tank 1.

[0043] The coarse filter layer is made of large-volume household waste, while the fine filter layer is made of small-volume household waste or waste with a smaller particle size than that used in the coarse filter layer.

[0044] The thickness of the filter layer is not less than 2m, and the thickness of both the coarse filter layer and the fine filter layer is not less than 1m.

[0045] The coarse filter layer intercepts and adsorbs solidified animal and vegetable oils from the kitchen waste. The leachate flowing through the coarse filter layer enters the fine filter layer for further filtration of grease, reducing the grease content in the leachate. During the day, most of the leachate flows through the filter layer after the kitchen waste is unloaded, completing the grease adsorption and filtration. At night, it is dumped and piled into the fuel fermentation area to complete the waste fermentation. A new filter layer is then piled below the dedicated kitchen waste unloading port to ensure normal filtration of the kitchen waste the next day.

[0046] An oil and grease treatment unit, which is connected to the filtrate tank, is used to remove oil and grease from the leachate;

[0047] The grease treatment mechanism includes: an oil separator 3 and an air flotation component;

[0048] The oil separator 3 and the filtrate collection tank 2 are connected by a pipeline;

[0049] The input end of the air flotation component is fixedly connected to the oil separator 3, and the output end of the air flotation component is fixedly connected to the water treatment mechanism.

[0050] The edge of the grease trap 3 is equipped with an oil scraping component for scraping off floating grease.

[0051] The oil scraping assembly includes: a scraper 11, a lead screw 12, and a motor 13;

[0052] The motor 13 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the oil separator 3. The output end of the motor 13 is connected to one end of the lead screw 12 through a coupling. The other end of the lead screw 12 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the oil separator 3 through a connecting plate.

[0053] One end of the scraper 11 is rotatably connected to the lead screw 12, and the other end of the scraper 11 is slidably connected to the slide rod 14. The slide rod 14 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the other side of the oil separator 3 through a connecting plate.

[0054] An oil outlet is provided on the side wall of the oil separator 3. The oil outlet is fixedly connected to the oil outlet pipe. The opening direction of the oil outlet is parallel to the setting direction of the lead screw 12.

[0055] The height of the oil outlet is adapted to the height of the bottom of the scraper 11.

[0056] The leachate from kitchen waste, after passing through the filtration layer, contains mainly grease that has adhered to the waste. The filtered liquid flows into the leachate collection tank along with the leachate from household waste. The leachate is then pumped to the leachate treatment system, where it first enters an grease trap to remove floating grease that could not be intercepted by the waste pile. The grease trap is equipped with scrapers to remove floating grease, and a sludge removal system at the bottom discharges large suspended solids that have settled in the treated water.

[0057] The air flotation assembly includes: a primary air flotation device 4 and a product water tank 5;

[0058] The input end of the primary air flotation device 4 is fixedly connected to the output end of the oil separator 3 through a pipe, the output end of the primary air flotation device 4 is fixedly connected to the input end of the product water tank 5 through a pipe, and the output end of the product water tank is fixedly connected to the water treatment mechanism through a pipe.

[0059] The output end of the water production tank is also fixedly connected to the input end of the primary air flotation device 4 through a pipeline, and a reflux pump is installed on the pipeline.

[0060] A water treatment unit, connected to the grease treatment unit, is used to treat the water after grease filtration to obtain water that meets the requirements;

[0061] The water treatment system includes: an equalization tank 6, an anaerobic reactor 7, a secondary air flotation device 8, and a biological system;

[0062] The input end of the equalization tank 6 is fixedly connected to the product water tank through a pipeline, the output end of the equalization tank 6 is fixedly connected to the input end of the anaerobic reactor 7 through a pipeline, the output end of the anaerobic reactor 7 is fixedly connected to the input end of the secondary air flotation device 8 through a pipeline, and the output end of the secondary air flotation device 8 is connected to the biochemical system.

[0063] The biochemical system includes: a two-stage AO unit 9 and a membrane bioreactor 10;

[0064] The input and output ends of the two-stage AO unit 9 are fixedly connected to the two-stage air flotation device 8 and the membrane bioreactor 10 through pipelines, respectively.

[0065] The overflow effluent from the oil separator enters the primary air flotation unit, where large particles of suspended oil and most of the emulsified oil are removed. The primary air flotation capacity is set at n(3-5) times the system's treatment capacity. An overflow tank is installed for the air flotation effluent, and (n-1) times the amount of air flotation effluent is pumped back to the front end of the primary air flotation unit to dilute the oil separator effluent and ensure maximum removal of oily substances from the water. Since the downstream treatment system mainly uses biological treatment methods, the influent needs to be continuous and stable. Therefore, the air flotation effluent overflows into the equalization tank through the overflow tank to homogenize the water quality and quantity before being pumped to the UASB anaerobic reactor by the anaerobic influent pump. The wastewater entering the anaerobic reactor still contains a very small amount of oil that has not been removed. After degradation and fermentation in the anaerobic stage, it enters the secondary air flotation unit for further removal to ensure the normal operation of the membrane system.

[0066] Two-stage AO unit is a process combination in the field of wastewater treatment. The two-stage AO process refers to setting up two sets of anaerobic-aerobic (or anoxic-aerobic) treatment units in series to achieve efficient removal of pollutants through step-by-step treatment. It is especially widely used in the fields of nitrogen and carbon removal.

[0067] Primary AO: Preliminary degradation and nitrification

[0068] Anoxic tank (A1): The remaining organic matter after anaerobic treatment undergoes denitrification with the nitrate returned from the nitrification tank. The organic matter is consumed, and the nitrate is converted into nitrogen gas, which is then discharged, thus completing the removal of total nitrogen from the system.

[0069] Aerobic tank (O1): Oxygen is provided through aeration, and aerobic microorganisms (such as nitrifying bacteria) oxidize ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) to nitrite (NO2). - ) and nitrates (NO3) - The aerobic bacteria complete the "nitrification reaction" and at the same time degrade most of the organic matter (COD / BOD).

[0070] Secondary AO: Deep denitrification and carbon source utilization

[0071] Anoxic tank (A2): The effluent from the primary AO enters the anoxic zone, where it passes through the refluxed nitrate (NO3) tank. - As electron acceptors, denitrifying bacteria utilize residual organic matter in wastewater (or added carbon sources, such as methanol) to convert NO3 into electrons. - It is reduced to nitrogen gas (N2), thus achieving "denitrification".

[0072] In addition, the MBR membrane is the core component of the membrane bioreactor, which is a wastewater treatment process that combines membrane separation technology with biological treatment technology. It is widely used in municipal sewage, industrial wastewater (such as leachate from kitchen waste), and reclaimed water reuse.

[0073] The two-stage AO unit and membrane bioreactor utilize existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0074] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A kitchen waste treatment device, characterized in that, include: Domestic waste storage tank; A discharge port is located on one side of the domestic waste storage tank; A filtrate collection tank, which is connected to the domestic waste storage tank; A filter layer is disposed in the domestic waste storage tank and located directly below the discharge port, and is used to filter grease from kitchen waste. An oil and grease treatment unit, which is connected to the filtrate collection tank, is used to remove oil and grease from the leachate; A water treatment unit, connected to the grease treatment unit, is used to treat the water after grease filtration to obtain water that meets the requirements.

2. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter layer includes: a coarse filter layer and a fine filter layer; The top of the coarse filter layer is in contact with the top of the fine filter layer, and the bottom of the fine filter layer is piled up with the bottom of the domestic waste storage tank. The coarse filter layer is made of large-volume household waste, while the fine filter layer is made of small-volume household waste or waste with a smaller particle size than that used in the coarse filter layer.

3. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the filter layer is not less than 2m, and the thickness of both the coarse filter layer and the fine filter layer is not less than 1m.

4. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grease treatment mechanism includes: an oil separator and an air flotation component; The oil separator is connected to the filtrate collection tank; The input end of the air flotation component is connected to the oil separator, and the output end of the air flotation component is connected to the water treatment mechanism.

5. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The edge of the grease trap is equipped with an oil scraping component for scraping off floating grease. The oil scraping assembly includes: a scraper, a lead screw, and a motor; The motor is connected to the outer wall of one side of the oil separator, the output end of the motor is connected to one end of the lead screw, and the other end of the lead screw is connected to the outer wall of the oil separator through a connecting plate; One end of the scraper is rotatably connected to the lead screw, and the other end of the scraper is slidably connected to the slide rod. The slide rod is connected to the outer wall of the other side of the oil separator through a connecting plate. The side wall of the oil separator is provided with an oil outlet, which is connected to an oil outlet pipe. The opening direction of the oil outlet is parallel to the setting direction of the lead screw. The height of the oil outlet is adapted to the height of the bottom of the scraper.

6. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air flotation assembly includes: a primary air flotation device and a product water tank; The input end of the primary air flotation device is connected to the output end of the oil separator, the output end of the primary air flotation device is connected to the input end of the product water tank, and the output end of the product water tank is connected to the water treatment mechanism. The output end of the water production tank is also connected to the input end of the primary air flotation device through a pipeline, and a reflux pump is installed on the pipeline.

7. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water treatment system includes: an equalization tank, an anaerobic reactor, a secondary air flotation device, and a biological system; The input end of the equalization tank is connected to the product water tank, the output end of the equalization tank is connected to the input end of the anaerobic reactor, the output end of the anaerobic reactor is connected to the input end of the secondary air flotation device, and the output end of the secondary air flotation device is connected to the biochemical system.

8. The kitchen waste treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The biochemical system includes: a two-stage AO unit and a membrane bioreactor; The input and output terminals of the two-stage AO unit are respectively connected to the secondary air flotation device and the membrane bioreactor.

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