High-temperature slag discharging assembly and molten metal reaction kettle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of high-temperature slag discharge assembly and molten metal reaction kettle of slag, belong to the recycling technical field based on recyclable, renewable resources such as domestic waste, industrial waste and biomass, solve the problem of low cooling efficiency, complex structure, low adaptability in prior art high-temperature slag discharge channel is easily damaged.A kind of high-temperature slag discharge assembly, including slag discharge pipe, the slag discharge pipe includes second fixed flange and the inner tube of installation in second fixed flange side, the inner tube is the hollow cone pipe structure of two ends opening, the inner tube large end is connected with second fixed flange;The space surrounded by the inner wall of the inner tube constitutes slag discharge channel, the slag discharge channel is divided into second slag discharge area and first slag discharge area along axial direction;Second slag discharge area is connected with second fixed flange, and the inner tube wall thickness of second slag discharge area is uniform;The first slag discharge area starts from the junction with second slag discharge area, and gradually reduces wall thickness along axial direction to small end.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of recycling technology based on recyclable and renewable resources such as municipal solid waste, industrial waste and biomass, and particularly to a high-temperature slag discharge component and a molten metal reactor. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the main technologies for the resource and energy utilization of biomass (a renewable resource) and low-quality waste plastics (a recyclable resource) are thermal treatment technologies, divided into direct incineration and pyrolysis gasification. Direct incineration, being a solid-state heterogeneous combustion process, suffers from incomplete combustion, low efficiency, and secondary pollution, particularly dioxin emissions, which hinders its widespread application. Pyrolysis gasification, on the other hand, can convert municipal solid waste into three relatively stable products: gas, liquid, and solid, effectively improving its utilization efficiency, scope, and economic viability. From a pollutant emission perspective, pyrolysis gasification is conducted in an oxygen-deficient or oxygen-deficient atmosphere, which theoretically reduces dioxin formation. Furthermore, most heavy metals dissolve into the ash during pyrolysis gasification, reducing emissions. Therefore, developing pyrolysis gasification technology is a crucial pathway to achieving the harmless, resource-based, and energy-based utilization of municipal solid waste.

[0003] Pyrolysis gasification technology utilizes thermal energy under anaerobic or hypoxic conditions to cause reactions such as bond breaking, isomerization, and small molecule polymerization in the components, transforming large molecular organic matter into small molecular fuel gas, tar, and coke.

[0004] In gasification technologies for the resource and energy utilization of biomass (renewable resources) and low-quality waste plastics (recyclable resources), the front end of the gasification equipment's slag discharge port is in long-term contact with high-temperature slag liquid exceeding 1500℃, making it the most susceptible to burn-out. This high-temperature environment places extremely high demands on the equipment's heat resistance and stability. Current technologies, to prevent high-temperature damage to the slag discharge port, typically employ water-cooled wall protection, use high-performance refractory materials to manufacture the discharge port, and coat the surface of the discharge port with a heat-insulating coating. However, refractory materials have low compressive strength and are unsuitable for high-load equipment; heat-insulating coatings have limited durability and are prone to aging or peeling under high-temperature conditions; and existing water-cooling designs have low cooling efficiency and are difficult to adapt to long-term high-temperature environments. Utility Model Content

[0005] Based on the above analysis, this utility model aims to provide a high-temperature slag discharge assembly and a molten metal reactor to solve at least one of the problems of existing high-temperature slag discharge channels being easily damaged, having low cooling efficiency, complex structure, and low adaptability.

[0006] The objective of this utility model is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A high-temperature slag discharge assembly includes a slag discharge pipe, the slag discharge pipe including a second fixed flange and an inner pipe installed on one side of the second fixed flange, the inner pipe being a hollow tapered tube structure with openings at both ends, the large end of the inner pipe being connected to the second fixed flange;

[0008] The space enclosed by the inner wall of the inner tube constitutes a slag discharge channel, which is divided into a second slag discharge area and a first slag discharge area along the axial direction. The second slag discharge area is connected to the second fixed flange, and the inner tube wall thickness of the second slag discharge area is uniform. The wall thickness of the inner tube in the first slag discharge area gradually decreases from the connection point with the second slag discharge area along the axial direction towards the smaller end.

[0009] Specifically, the outer wall of the inner tube has a uniform taper.

[0010] Furthermore, the slag discharge assembly also includes a cooling jacket that surrounds and closely fits the outer surface of the slag discharge pipe.

[0011] For example, the cooling jacket includes a first fixed flange and a cooling jacket body connected to one side of the first fixed flange. The cooling jacket body includes a hollow sidewall cooling cavity and an annular front end cooling cavity connected to its free end leading edge.

[0012] It should be noted that a water outlet is provided at the junction of the side wall cooling cavity and the front cooling cavity.

[0013] Preferably, the cooling jacket body and the inner tube are located on the same side of the first fixed flange and the second fixed flange, and the second fixed flange is fixed to the end face of the first fixed flange.

[0014] Furthermore, the slag removal assembly also includes a cooling water circulation system.

[0015] Specifically, the cooling water circulation system includes a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet, and the cooling water inlet is connected to the water inlet hole of the front cooling chamber through an inlet channel.

[0016] Preferably, the cooling water outlet is connected to the side wall cooling cavity via an elbow.

[0017] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention also disclose a molten metal reactor, including the high-temperature slag discharge assembly connected to the slag discharge port of the molten metal reactor; the molten metal reactor also includes a primary molten metal reactor and a secondary molten metal reactor interconnected by a gas-liquid channel.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The inner tube of the slag discharge assembly of this utility model adopts a hollow conical tube structure and has been optimized with a partitioned design. The side near the slag inlet is the smaller end, with the inlet size smaller than the outlet size, forming a gradually expanding flow channel. The gradually expanding structure can reduce the initial flow velocity of the slag liquid, reduce the friction between the fluid and the pipe wall, significantly reduce the frictional resistance along the flow path, and form a more stable laminar flow state by controlling the velocity change gradient, effectively reducing the risk of material blockage and local stagnation. The conical tube design conforms to the flow characteristics of the slag liquid, suppressing turbulence generation in the inlet section and ensuring smooth discharge in the outlet section.

[0020] 2. The slag discharge channel of the inner tube of this utility model adopts a partitioned design, including a first slag discharge zone and a second slag discharge zone. The first slag discharge zone, which is close to the slag liquid inlet, adopts a structural design in which the wall thickness gradually increases along the flow direction. This design has the following advantages:

[0021] Optimized heat transfer: The thinner tube wall at the front end reduces thermal resistance, enabling more efficient transfer of heat from the slag liquid to the tube wall, which is then dissipated through the cooling medium in the side wall cooling chamber, significantly improving heat transfer efficiency.

[0022] Improved fluid dynamics: The incremental wall thickness design simultaneously increases the diameter of the channel front end, which can effectively reduce the flow resistance of slag, reduce material residence time, and improve slag discharge efficiency.

[0023] Applicability: This structure not only extends the service life of the slag discharge components, but its simple design also makes it easy to make flexible adjustments according to actual working conditions (such as structural strength, flow parameters, etc.).

[0024] 3. The slag discharge assembly cooling jacket of this utility model adopts a dual-cavity independent cooling design, including two independent water-cooling units: a front cooling cavity and a side wall cooling cavity, to optimize the cooling effect of different heated parts; the front cooling cavity: is in direct contact with the high-temperature slag liquid and is given priority for cooling treatment. The cooling water first surrounds the front end of the slag outlet for cooling, and then enters the side wall cooling cavity through the water outlet to continue the cooling process; the side wall cooling cavity: serves as the second-stage cooling unit, further absorbing heat, and finally the cooling water is discharged from the cooling water outlet at the top;

[0025] The dual-cavity independent cooling path ensures priority cooling of high-temperature areas, significantly improving overall cooling efficiency and extending the service life of the slag discharge components. It can withstand long-term contact between the front end and high-temperature slag liquid above 1500℃ without being easily damaged. The single-inlet and single-outlet cooling water design simplifies the slag outlet structure, improves system reliability, and facilitates maintenance and adjustment.

[0026] 4. The cooling jacket of the slag discharge assembly of this utility model is made of copper, which significantly improves the heat conduction efficiency and ensures rapid heat dissipation; the slag discharge pipe is made of carbon steel, which ensures excellent wear resistance while balancing the equipment manufacturing cost and service life.

[0027] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages will become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing this invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from the details specifically pointed out in the text and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the high-temperature slag discharge assembly of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 Axial center section view of the high-temperature slag discharge assembly of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 3 Axial center section view of the high-temperature slag discharge assembly of this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 4 This is an axial eccentric sectional view of the high-temperature slag discharge assembly of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 5 This utility model Figure 2 Sectional view along line AA;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the molten metal reaction vessel of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the high-temperature slag discharge assembly and the molten metal reactor of this utility model.

[0036] Figure label:

[0037] 1-Slag discharge pipe; 2-Cooling jacket; 3-Front-end cooling chamber; 4-Side wall cooling chamber; 5-Water inlet channel; 6-First fixed flange; 7-Cooling water outlet; 8-Cooling water inlet; 9-Second slag discharge area; 10-First slag discharge area; 11-Second fixed flange; 12-Water inlet hole; 13-Water outlet hole; 14-Slag discharge assembly installation port; 15-Secondary molten metal reactor; 16-First molten metal reactor; 17-Gas-liquid channel; 18-Feeding tank; 19-First gasifying agent spray gun installation port; 20-Biomass spray gun installation port; 21-Third gasifying agent spray gun installation port; 22-High temperature slag discharge assembly; 23-Outer wall of secondary molten metal reactor; 24-Inner side of secondary molten metal reactor. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0039] On the one hand, in a specific embodiment of this utility model, a high-temperature slag discharge assembly is provided, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a slag discharge pipe 1 and a cooling jacket 2;

[0040] The cooling jacket 2 includes a first fixed flange 6 and a cooling jacket body connected to one side of the first fixed flange 6. The cooling jacket body includes a front cooling chamber 3 and a side wall cooling chamber 4 that are interconnected.

[0041] Furthermore, the cooling jacket 2 also includes a cooling water inlet 8, a water inlet channel 5, and a cooling water outlet 7. The cooling water inlet 8 enters radially from the first fixed flange 6 and is connected to the water inlet channel 5 located in the side wall cooling cavity 4 through an elbow. One end of the cooling water outlet 7 is connected to the side wall cooling cavity 4 through an elbow and exits radially from the first fixed flange 6.

[0042] Preferably, the cooling water inlet 8 and the cooling water outlet 7 are arranged radially opposite each other, and the line connecting them forms a 180° angle; during installation, the line connecting the cooling water inlet 8 and the cooling water outlet 7 is kept vertical, with the cooling water inlet 8 located below and the cooling water outlet 7 located above.

[0043] Specifically, the sidewall cooling cavity 4 is a hollow tube wall portion with one end fixed to the first fixed flange 6, and the front cooling cavity 3 is connected to the free end of the sidewall cooling cavity 4, forming an independent annular cavity that surrounds the circumference.

[0044] The part of the front cooling chamber 3 that comes into contact with the slag liquid has a rounded contact surface, which reduces the erosion and wear caused by the slag liquid, significantly reduces erosion wear, and further improves the service life of the component.

[0045] It should be noted that, as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the front cooling chamber 3 and the side cooling chamber 4 are connected by a water inlet 12 and a water outlet 13 on the side wall. The water inlet 12 is connected to the water inlet channel 5, and the water outlet 13 is arranged closely adjacent to the water inlet 12.

[0046] Preferably, the front cooling cavity 3 is provided with a flow guide baffle, which divides the front cooling cavity 3 into a unidirectional flow channel. After the cooling water enters from the water inlet 12, it flows around the front cooling cavity in the direction guided by the flow guide baffle, and finally flows from the water outlet 13 to the side wall cooling cavity 4.

[0047] Preferably, the front cooling chamber 3 is provided with a spiral guide groove. After the cooling water enters from the water inlet 12, it goes around the spiral guide groove and finally flows from the water outlet 13 to the side wall cooling chamber 4.

[0048] The cooling jacket design includes two independent water-cooled chambers: a front-end cooling chamber and a side-wall cooling chamber. The front-end cooling chamber, which is in direct contact with the slag liquid, acts as an independent water-cooling unit, prioritizing cooling. Cooling water first surrounds the front end of the slag outlet for cooling, and then flows into the side-wall cooling chamber through the outlet holes of the front-end cooling chamber for further cooling. The side-wall cooling chamber is another independent water-cooling unit, with cooling water ultimately discharged through the cooling water outlet at the top. This design significantly improves cooling efficiency, thereby significantly extending the service life of the slag removal assembly. The staged cooling strategy significantly improves cooling efficiency, extending the service life of the slag removal assembly by more than 30% compared to traditional cooling jackets.

[0049] Furthermore, the slag discharge pipe 1 includes a second fixed flange 11 and an inner pipe installed on one side of the second fixed flange 11. The inner pipe is a hollow tapered pipe structure with openings at both ends, and the large end of the inner pipe is connected to the second fixed flange 11.

[0050] It should be noted that the slag discharge pipe and the cooling sleeve are two independent components, connected by a detachable connection. Preferably, when the slag discharge assembly is in use, the second fixing flange 11 of the slag discharge pipe 1 is fixedly installed on the end face of the first fixing flange 6 of the cooling sleeve 2; wherein the cooling sleeve body and the inner pipe are located on the same side of the first fixing flange 6 and the second fixing flange 11, and the cooling sleeve 2 surrounds and tightly fits the outer surface of the slag discharge pipe 1; the fixing installation method of the second fixing flange 11 and the first fixing flange 6 includes snap-fit, plug-in, or pin connection; after the slag discharge assembly is assembled, the slag discharge pipe can be replaced separately, which is convenient to operate, has high maintenance efficiency, and can effectively reduce maintenance costs.

[0051] For example, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the outer wall of the inner tube has a uniform taper, and the space enclosed by the inner wall of the inner tube constitutes a slag discharge channel. The slag discharge channel is divided into a second slag discharge area 9 and a first slag discharge area 10 along the axial direction. The second slag discharge area 9 is connected to the second fixed flange 11, and the inner tube wall thickness of the second slag discharge area 9 is uniform. The wall thickness of the inner tube in the first slag discharge area 10 gradually decreases from the connection point with the second slag discharge area 9 towards the smaller end along the axial direction. It can be understood that the inner cavity of the inner tube includes the first slag discharge area 10 and the second slag discharge area 9. Along the direction away from the second fixed flange 11, the inner cavity of the second slag discharge area 9 is a tapered shape with a gradually decreasing diameter, and the inner cavity of the first slag discharge area 10 is a tapered shape with a gradually decreasing diameter. The inner wall thickness of the second slag discharge area 9 is uniform, while the inner wall thickness of the first slag discharge area 10 gradually decreases.

[0052] It should be noted that the gradual wall thickness design makes the thermal stress distribution of the slag discharge assembly more reasonable during use, and extends its service life by more than 50% compared with the slag discharge assembly with uniform wall thickness. In addition, the gradual wall thickness design can flexibly adjust the flow channel characteristics while meeting the structural strength requirements, so as to achieve the best match between flow rate and mechanical performance and enhance adaptability to different working conditions.

[0053] The slag discharge channel adopts a zoned design, including a first slag discharge zone and a second slag discharge zone. The first slag discharge zone, which is closer to the slag liquid inlet, has a structure with a wall thickness that gradually increases along the flow direction. This design has the following advantages:

[0054] Optimized heat transfer: The thinner tube wall at the front end reduces thermal resistance, enabling more efficient transfer of heat from the slag liquid to the tube wall, which is then dissipated through the cooling medium in the side wall cooling chamber, significantly improving heat transfer efficiency.

[0055] Improved fluid dynamics: The incremental wall thickness design simultaneously increases the diameter of the channel front end, which can effectively reduce the flow resistance of slag, reduce material residence time, and improve slag discharge efficiency.

[0056] Applicability: This structure not only extends the service life of the slag discharge components, but its simple design also makes it easy to make flexible adjustments according to actual working conditions (such as structural strength, flow parameters, etc.).

[0057] Preferably, the cooling jacket body is made of copper; the inner tube and the first and second fixed flanges are made of carbon steel. The cooling jacket of the slag discharge assembly is made of copper for easy cooling; the slag discharge pipe is made of carbon steel for increased durability, balancing manufacturing cost and service life.

[0058] On the other hand, a specific embodiment of this utility model also discloses a molten metal reaction vessel, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the high-temperature slag discharge assembly 22 is connected to the slag discharge assembly installation port 14 of the molten metal reactor.

[0059] Preferably, the slag discharge assembly is connected to the slag discharge assembly mounting port via a flange.

[0060] A molten metal reactor further includes a primary molten metal reactor 16 and a secondary molten metal reactor 15 that are interconnected by a gas-liquid channel 17;

[0061] The primary molten metal reactor 16 has a first metal pool inside, and the secondary molten metal reactor 15 has a second metal pool inside. The bottom of the second metal pool is higher than the bottom of the first metal pool, and the primary and secondary molten metal reactors are horizontally staggered.

[0062] The height difference between the secondary molten metal reactor 15 and the primary molten metal reactor 16 ensures that the primary molten metal reactor has sufficient molten pool volume to maintain the gasification reaction, and also ensures that the gas generated in the primary molten metal reactor enters the bottom of the molten metal in the secondary molten metal reactor. The secondary molten metal reactor has sufficient molten pool height to ensure a complete reaction. This ensures that the large molecular gases that did not have sufficient contact with the molten iron in the primary molten metal reactor have sufficient contact with the molten metal in the secondary molten metal reactor, ensuring complete gasification into inorganic substances and the absence of large molecular gases.

[0063] Preferably, the molten metal can be molten iron at a temperature of 1400-1700℃. On one hand, metallic iron serves as a heat source for the reaction, with a melting temperature range of 1400℃ to 1700℃, suitable for the temperature range required for the decomposition and gasification reaction. On the other hand, metallic iron acts as a catalyst. In the first step of the reaction, the molten iron reacts with carbon, oxygen, and water in the material to generate Fe3C and FeO, while simultaneously producing H2 and CO. In this process, the molten iron not only promotes carbon conversion but also significantly reduces the activation energy of the oxygen reduction reaction, accelerating the oxygen reduction process. It also reduces the activation energy of the hydrothermal reaction, thereby significantly improving the overall reaction efficiency. In the second step, liquid Fe3C and FeO further react to generate metallic iron and CO. Through this two-step reaction mechanism, the molten iron optimizes the reaction path, resulting in the catalytic process generating more CO than CO2, thus effectively reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Throughout the entire reaction process, the molten iron not only improves the overall efficiency of the reaction but also reduces reaction energy consumption through its catalytic effect, achieving environmental friendliness.

[0064] Preferably, the gas-liquid channel 17 is a semi-conical channel, and the axial section of the semi-conical channel is higher than the curved surface of the semi-conical channel.

[0065] Furthermore, the semi-conical channel includes a channel inlet, a channel body, and a channel outlet. The channel inlet is connected to the primary molten metal reactor, and the channel outlet is connected to the secondary molten metal reactor. Both the channel inlet and the channel outlet are semi-circular in shape, with the diameter of the channel inlet being larger than the diameter of the channel outlet, and their center lines being collinear and aligned.

[0066] Specifically, there is a distance between the centerline of the channel inlet and the bottom of the primary molten metal reactor, and the bottom arc of the channel outlet is in contact with the bottom of the secondary molten metal reactor.

[0067] Preferably, the distance between the centerline of the channel inlet and the bottom of the primary molten metal reactor is determined according to the volume of the first metal pool and the liquid level of the molten metal in the first metal pool. When the first metal pool is filled with molten metal, the top of the channel inlet is flush with the liquid level of the molten metal.

[0068] The main body of the channel includes a primary molten metal reactor sidewall section and a secondary molten metal reactor sidewall section. The channel inlet is formed on the inner sidewall of the primary molten metal reactor, and the channel outlet is formed on the inner sidewall of the secondary molten metal reactor.

[0069] It should be noted that the axial cross-section of the main body of the channel is semi-circular, with the diameter of the semi-circle gradually decreasing from the channel entrance to the channel exit. The straight edge of the main body of the channel is placed horizontally, and the arc edge smoothly transitions from the channel entrance to the channel exit, forming a gradually narrowing conical path.

[0070] In one possible design, the channel entrance is a semicircle with a cross-section of 1.8 to 2 meters in diameter; the channel exit is a semicircle with a cross-section of 0.6 to 0.8 meters in diameter.

[0071] Furthermore, the top of the primary molten metal reactor 16 is provided with a feed inlet, a first gasifying agent spray gun mounting port 19, and a second gasifying agent spray gun mounting port; the top of the secondary molten metal reactor 15 is provided with a syngas outlet; the upper part of the outer wall of the secondary molten metal reactor 15 is also provided with a third gasifying agent spray gun mounting port 21 and a biomass spray gun mounting port 20; a slag-liquid pool is provided above the second metal pool of the secondary molten metal reactor 15.

[0072] Specifically, during the operation of the molten metal reactor system, the material falls freely into the first metal pool through the feed inlet at the top of the primary molten metal reactor (fall height 3-3.5 meters). Simultaneously, gasifying agent is sprayed onto the falling material through the first and second gasifying agent spray guns, causing the material to impact and mix with the molten metal to carry out a primary gasification reaction, allowing the material to fully react and rapidly gasify to generate the first mixed gas. The rapid and large-scale generation of the first mixed gas (reaction time within 0.1 seconds) increases the internal pressure of the primary molten metal reactor (inner pressure 1.5-1.8 MPa), increasing the pressure difference between the primary and secondary molten metal reactors (e.g., 0.2-0.6 MPa). Under the action of the pressure difference, the first mixed gas is injected into the bottom of the second metal pool of the secondary molten metal reactor through the gas-liquid channel. At the same time, gasifying agent is sprayed into the second metal pool through the third gasifying agent spray gun and / or biomass powder is sprayed into the second metal pool through the biomass spray gun. The first mixed gas undergoes secondary complete decomposition from the bottom up through the molten metal layer and the slag liquid layer to obtain an inorganic mixed gas.

[0073] It should be noted that when the first mixed gas is injected from the first-stage molten metal reactor to the bottom of the second metal pool of the second-stage molten metal reactor through the gas-liquid channel under pressure, the molten iron in the first metal pool is pressed to the bottom of the semi-circular arc of the channel outlet on the inner side wall of the second-stage molten metal reactor, but cannot be pressed down further; the space of the channel inlet section is significantly larger than the channel outlet section, and this design is conducive to the accelerated flow of gas.

[0074] This invention features a metal pool interconnection design with different heights, where the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the channel is completely filled with molten iron. This effectively prevents the accumulation of lumpy materials and potential blockages, while also ensuring that gas exchange cannot occur between the two reaction vessels before the reaction begins.

[0075] In one possible design, the first metal pool has a volume of 56 cubic meters, the second metal pool has a volume of 25 cubic meters, the bottom of the second metal pool is 2 meters above the top of the first metal pool, and the material handling capacity is 80-100 tons per hour.

[0076] In one possible design, the first gasifying agent spray gun mounting port and the second gasifying agent spray gun mounting port are arranged symmetrically at 180°, and both are at an angle of 45° to the horizontal direction. The axes of the first gasifying agent spray gun mounting port and the second gasifying agent spray gun mounting port pass through the center point of the cross-section of the first metal pool.

[0077] In one possible design, the third gasifying agent spray gun mounting port and the biomass spray gun mounting port are arranged symmetrically at 180°, and the angle between them and the horizontal direction is 60°. The axes of the third gasifying agent spray gun mounting port and the biomass spray gun mounting port pass through the center point of the cross-section of the second metal pool.

[0078] Preferably, the primary molten metal reactor 16 further includes a drain port on the outer wall of the reactor body, which is located at the bottom of the first metal pool and is used to discharge the molten metal in the metal pool.

[0079] Specifically, the secondary molten metal reactor 15 further includes a lower slag discharge port, a middle slag discharge port, and an upper slag discharge port on the outer wall 23 of the secondary molten metal reactor. The lower slag discharge port, the middle slag discharge port, and the upper slag discharge port correspond to the upper, middle, and lower liquid levels in the slag-liquid pool, respectively.

[0080] The upper slag discharge port is used to periodically discharge ash brought in by the material; the middle slag discharge port is used to discharge part of the slag liquid in the slag liquid pool when changing the gasifying agent spray gun; and the lower slag discharge port is used to discharge all the slag liquid in the slag liquid pool when the furnace is shut down.

[0081] It should be noted that the upper slag discharge port is equipped with an upper slag discharge assembly, the middle slag discharge port is equipped with a middle slag discharge assembly, and the lower slag discharge port is equipped with a lower slag discharge assembly. For example... Figure 7As shown, after the slag discharge assembly is installed, the first fixed flange 6 is connected to the slag discharge port flange, and the front cooling chamber is located inside the secondary molten metal reactor 24.

[0082] It is worth noting that, on the one hand, after the slag discharge components are installed at the upper, middle and lower slag discharge ports of this utility model, the front end of the slag discharge components is in long-term contact with molten metal or slag liquid at temperatures above 1500°C, which places extremely high demands on the front-end cooling efficiency; on the other hand, the slag discharge components need to be adapted to the upper, middle and lower multi-stage slag discharge port system of the molten metal reactor to meet the needs of different slag discharge conditions.

[0083] Because the upper, middle, and lower slag discharge ports have different functional requirements, the structural parameters of the slag discharge assembly need to be optimized accordingly. However, the split cooling jacket + conical slag discharge pipe design of this utility model can be flexibly adjusted to meet the special requirements of each level of slag discharge port.

[0084] Since the upper slag discharge port requires high-frequency ash removal, its slag discharge component must meet the requirements of wear resistance, anti-clogging and rapid cooling. The slag discharge component of this utility model adopts a front-end cooling chamber enhanced cooling design to prioritize the cooling of the high-temperature slag liquid at the front end; at the same time, the inner tube taper is optimized to ensure that there are no dead corners in the flow channel, effectively reducing ash retention and avoiding blockage.

[0085] The lower slag discharge port needs to adapt to high-temperature and high-flow discharge conditions. The slag discharge assembly of this utility model adopts a large-diameter tapered tube design to ensure smooth discharge of slag and liquid, and combines a full-bore structure to avoid residue. At the same time, it adopts an adjustable wall thickness design to locally enhance the structural strength in the high-pressure slag discharge section, prevent high-temperature deformation, and ensure long-term stable operation.

[0086] In one possible design, the structural parameters of each slag discharge component are set differently according to functional requirements:

[0087] The taper of the first and second slag discharge zones inside the slag discharge assembly is as follows: upper slag discharge assembly (cone angle 15°~20°) > middle slag discharge assembly (cone angle 8°~12°) > lower slag discharge assembly (cone angle 0°~5°, near straight-through type), to meet the requirements of high-frequency ash discharge (upper slag discharge port), flow control (middle slag discharge port) and large-volume discharge (lower slag discharge port) respectively;

[0088] Minimum wall thickness of slag discharge assembly (measured at the front end): Upper slag discharge assembly < Middle slag discharge assembly < Lower slag discharge assembly, balancing cooling efficiency and pressure resistance;

[0089] The length ratio of the slag discharge zones in the slag discharge assembly (first slag discharge zone / second slag discharge zone) is: upper slag discharge assembly (0.8~1.0) > middle slag discharge assembly (0.6~0.8) > lower slag discharge assembly (0.4~0.6), ensuring that the residence time of the slag liquid in the critical area matches the operating conditions. The above parameters are further adapted to local stress concentration areas (such as thickening of the high-pressure section) through adjustable wall thickness design to avoid structural deformation.

[0090] This invention relates to a high-temperature slag discharge assembly that employs an optimized design of dual-chamber cooling and a conical slag discharge pipe. This design allows for compatibility with multi-stage slag discharge systems (upper, middle, and lower) in molten metal reactors, meeting the needs of various slag discharge conditions. The dual-chamber cooling system (front-end cooling chamber + side-wall cooling chamber) significantly improves heat dissipation efficiency and extends service life by prioritizing cooling of the high-temperature contact area and maintaining overall temperature uniformity. The gradually expanding flow channel design of the conical slag discharge pipe reduces flow velocity and the risk of blockage, while the modular flange structure facilitates adaptation to different slag discharge port sizes. Through staged cooling, flow optimization, and modular adaptation, this slag discharge assembly achieves efficient slag discharge, long service life, and low maintenance costs under high-temperature and high-wear conditions, providing a reliable solution for multi-stage slag discharge systems.

[0091] Preferably, the inner wall of the slag discharge assembly installed at the upper slag discharge port is provided with a wear-resistant lining to cope with the scouring and wear of high ash content materials.

[0092] In one possible design, the cross-sectional area of ​​the syngas outlet is 0.8~1m². 2 The outlet velocity of the inorganic mixed gas is 30~35m / s.

[0093] Preferably, both the first-stage molten metal reactor and the second-stage molten metal reactor have molten grooves at their bottoms, and the molten grooves are located below the first metal pool and the second metal pool.

[0094] For example, both the primary molten metal reactor and the secondary molten metal reactor are equipped with electromagnetic induction external heating devices on their inner sidewalls.

[0095] This utility model of a molten metal reactor uses molten metal as a heat source and can maintain the heat of the metal pool by using electromagnetic vortex heating.

[0096] Furthermore, both the primary and secondary molten metal reactors are equipped with infrared thermometers at their tops; and both the primary and secondary molten metal reactors are equipped with molten iron observation and communication devices on their side walls to obtain liquid level information through electromagnetic correlation.

[0097] On the other hand, a specific embodiment of this utility model also discloses a gasification method based on molten metal, the gasification method including periodically discharging slag liquid through the high-temperature slag discharge assembly 22.

[0098] In summary, the slag discharge assembly cooling jacket of this invention adopts a dual-cavity independent cooling design, including two independent water-cooling units: a front-end cooling cavity and a side-wall cooling cavity, to optimize the cooling effect of different heated parts. The dual-cavity independent cooling path ensures priority cooling of high-temperature areas, significantly improving overall cooling efficiency, extending the service life of the slag discharge assembly, and enabling the front end to be in long-term contact with high-temperature slag liquid above 1500℃ without easily being damaged. The inner tube of the slag discharge assembly of this invention adopts a hollow conical tube structure and has been optimized with a partitioned design, including a first slag discharge zone and a second slag discharge zone. The first slag discharge zone, near the slag liquid inlet, adopts a structure with a gradually increasing wall thickness along the flow direction. The thinner tube wall at the front end reduces thermal resistance and can more efficiently transfer the heat of the slag liquid to the tube wall, which is then dissipated through the cooling medium in the side-wall cooling cavity, significantly improving heat transfer efficiency. The gradually increasing wall thickness design simultaneously increases the diameter of the channel front end, which can effectively reduce the slag flow resistance, reduce material residence time, and improve slag discharge efficiency. The molten metal reactor of this invention adopts a multi-stage slag discharge port design. According to the different functions of the upper slag discharge port, middle slag discharge port and lower slag discharge port, the specific structural features of the slag discharge component are adaptively adjusted to achieve precise slag discharge control.

[0099] The following describes the high-temperature slag discharge component and its application in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0100] Example 1

[0101] This embodiment provides a high-temperature slag discharge assembly.

[0102] It includes a slag discharge pipe 1 and a cooling jacket 2, the cooling jacket 2 surrounding and tightly fitting the outer surface of the slag discharge pipe; the cooling jacket 2 includes a first fixed flange 6 and a cooling jacket body connected to one side of the first fixed flange 6, the cooling jacket body including a front cooling chamber 3 and a side wall cooling chamber 4 that are interconnected.

[0103] The cooling jacket 2 also includes a cooling water inlet 8, a water inlet channel 5, and a cooling water outlet 7. The cooling water inlet 8 is inserted vertically from the lower end of the first fixed flange 6 and connected to the water inlet channel 5 located in the side wall cooling cavity 4 through an elbow. The cooling water outlet 7 is located opposite to the cooling water inlet 8, with one end connected to the side wall cooling cavity through an elbow, and is inserted vertically from the upper end of the first fixed flange.

[0104] The sidewall cooling cavity 4 is a hollow tube wall portion with one end fixed to the first fixed flange 6, and the front cooling cavity 3 is connected to the free end of the sidewall cooling cavity 4, forming an independent annular cavity that surrounds the circumference.

[0105] The front cooling chamber 3 and the side wall cooling chamber 4 are provided with a water inlet hole 12 and a water outlet hole 13 on the side wall. The water inlet hole 12 is connected to the water inlet channel 5, and the water outlet hole 13 is arranged closely adjacent to the water inlet hole 12.

[0106] The front cooling chamber 3 is equipped with a flow guide baffle, which divides the front cooling chamber into a one-way flow channel. After the cooling water enters from the water inlet, it flows around the front cooling chamber in the direction guided by the flow guide baffle, and finally flows from the water outlet to the side wall cooling chamber.

[0107] The slag discharge pipe 1 includes a second fixed flange 11 and an inner pipe installed on one side of the second fixed flange 11. The inner pipe is a hollow tapered tube structure with openings at both ends. The large end of the inner pipe is connected to the second fixed flange, which is snapped onto the end face of the first fixed flange. The cooling jacket body and the inner pipe are located on the same side of the first and second fixed flanges.

[0108] The outer wall of the inner tube has a uniform taper, and the space enclosed by the inner wall of the inner tube constitutes a slag discharge channel. The slag discharge channel is divided into a second slag discharge area 9 and a first slag discharge area 10 along the axial direction. The second slag discharge area 9 is connected to the second fixed flange 11, and the inner wall thickness of the second slag discharge area 9 is uniform. The wall thickness of the second slag discharge area 9 gradually decreases from the connection point with the first slag discharge area 19 along the axial direction towards the smaller end.

[0109] Application Example 1

[0110] This application example provides the application of the high-temperature slag discharge assembly in Embodiment 1 in a molten metal reactor.

[0111] Molten metal reaction vessel: such as Figure 6 As shown, it includes a primary molten metal reactor and a secondary molten metal reactor that are interconnected by a gas-liquid channel; the primary molten metal reactor has a first metal pool inside, and the secondary molten metal reactor has a second metal pool inside, wherein the bottom of the second metal pool is higher than the bottom of the first metal pool, and the primary molten metal reactor and the secondary molten metal reactor are horizontally staggered.

[0112] The gas-liquid channel is a semi-conical channel, with its axial section higher than its curved surface. The semi-conical channel includes an inlet, a main body, and an outlet. The inlet connects to a primary molten metal reactor, and the outlet connects to a secondary molten metal reactor. Both the inlet and outlet are semi-circular, with the inlet diameter larger than the outlet diameter, and their centerlines are collinear and aligned. There is a distance between the centerline of the inlet and the bottom of the primary molten metal reactor, and the bottom arc of the outlet is flush with the bottom of the secondary molten metal reactor.

[0113] The top of the primary molten metal reactor is provided with a feed inlet, a first gasifying agent spray gun mounting port, and a second gasifying agent spray gun mounting port; the top of the secondary molten metal reactor is provided with a syngas outlet; the upper part of the outer wall of the secondary molten metal reactor is also provided with a third gasifying agent spray gun mounting port and a biomass spray gun mounting port; a slag-liquid pool is provided above the second metal pool of the secondary molten metal reactor.

[0114] The primary molten metal reactor also includes a drain port on the outer wall of the reactor body, which is located at the bottom of the first metal pool and is used to discharge the molten metal in the metal pool.

[0115] The secondary molten metal reactor also includes a lower slag discharge port, a middle slag discharge port, and an upper slag discharge port on the outer wall of the reactor body. The lower slag discharge port, the middle slag discharge port, and the upper slag discharge port correspond to the upper, middle, and lower liquid levels in the slag-liquid pool, respectively.

[0116] The upper slag discharge port is equipped with an upper slag discharge assembly, the middle slag discharge port is equipped with a middle slag discharge assembly, and the lower slag discharge port is equipped with a lower slag discharge assembly.

[0117] The taper of the first and second slag discharge zones inside the slag discharge assembly is as follows: upper slag discharge assembly (cone angle 15°~20°) > middle slag discharge assembly (cone angle 8°~12°) > lower slag discharge assembly (cone angle 0°~5°, near straight-through type), to meet the requirements of high-frequency ash discharge (upper slag discharge port), flow control (middle slag discharge port) and large-volume discharge (lower slag discharge port) respectively;

[0118] Minimum wall thickness of slag discharge assembly (measured at the front end): Upper slag discharge assembly < Middle slag discharge assembly < Lower slag discharge assembly, balancing cooling efficiency and pressure resistance;

[0119] The length ratio of the slag discharge zones in the slag discharge assembly (first slag discharge zone / second slag discharge zone) is: upper slag discharge assembly (0.8~1.0) > middle slag discharge assembly (0.6~0.8) > lower slag discharge assembly (0.4~0.6), ensuring that the residence time of the slag liquid in the critical area matches the operating conditions. The above parameters are further adapted to local stress concentration areas (such as thickening of the high-pressure section) through adjustable wall thickness design to avoid structural deformation.

[0120] The slag discharge process is as follows: slag is discharged once a day through the upper slag discharge port of the secondary molten metal reactor. After the slag reaches the designated height, the upper slag discharge assembly is closed to prevent ash accumulation and ensure stable system operation. When it is necessary to replace the gasifying agent spray gun or adjust the heat balance, the middle slag discharge assembly is started, and the slag discharge rate is adjusted in real time in conjunction with the temperature monitoring unit to ensure that the liquid level in the slag pool is steadily reduced to the middle safe level, avoiding the impact of sudden changes in liquid level on reaction stability. When the furnace is shut down for maintenance or the system is thoroughly cleaned, the lower slag discharge assembly is opened.

[0121] In summary, the slag discharge assembly cooling jacket of this invention adopts a dual-cavity independent cooling design, including two independent water-cooling units: a front-end cooling cavity and a side-wall cooling cavity, to optimize the cooling effect of different heated parts. The dual-cavity independent cooling path ensures priority cooling of high-temperature areas, significantly improving overall cooling efficiency, extending the service life of the slag discharge assembly, and enabling the front end to be in long-term contact with high-temperature slag liquid above 1500℃ without easily being damaged. The inner tube of the slag discharge assembly of this invention adopts a hollow conical tube structure and has been optimized with a partitioned design, including a first slag discharge zone and a second slag discharge zone. The first slag discharge zone, near the slag liquid inlet, adopts a structure with a gradually increasing wall thickness along the material flow direction. The thinner tube wall at the front end reduces thermal resistance and can more efficiently transfer the heat of the slag liquid to the tube wall, which is then dissipated through the cooling medium in the side-wall cooling cavity, significantly improving heat transfer efficiency. The gradually increasing wall thickness design simultaneously increases the diameter of the channel front end, which can effectively reduce slag flow resistance, reduce material residence time, and improve slag discharge efficiency. The molten metal reactor of this invention adopts a multi-stage slag discharge port design. According to the different functions of the upper slag discharge port, middle slag discharge port and lower slag discharge port, the specific structural features of the slag discharge component are adaptively adjusted to achieve precise slag discharge control.

[0122] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A high-temperature slag discharge assembly, characterized in that, The system includes a slag discharge pipe, which comprises a second fixed flange and an inner pipe installed on one side of the second fixed flange. The inner pipe is a hollow tapered pipe structure with openings at both ends, and the large end of the inner pipe is connected to the second fixed flange. The space enclosed by the inner wall of the inner tube constitutes a slag discharge channel, which is divided into a second slag discharge area and a first slag discharge area along the axial direction. The second slag discharge area is connected to the second fixed flange, and the inner tube wall thickness of the second slag discharge area is uniform. The wall thickness of the inner tube in the first slag discharge area gradually decreases from the connection point with the second slag discharge area along the axial direction towards the smaller end.

2. The slag discharge assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the inner tube has a uniform taper.

3. The slag discharge assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slag discharge assembly also includes a cooling jacket that surrounds and fits tightly against the outer surface of the slag discharge pipe.

4. The slag discharge assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cooling jacket includes a first fixed flange and a cooling jacket body connected to one side of the first fixed flange. The cooling jacket body includes a hollow sidewall cooling cavity and an annular front cooling cavity connected to its free end leading edge.

5. The slag discharge assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, A water outlet is provided at the junction of the side wall cooling cavity and the front cooling cavity.

6. The slag discharge assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cooling jacket body and the inner tube are located on the same side of the first fixed flange and the second fixed flange, and the second fixed flange is fixedly installed on the end face of the first fixed flange.

7. The slag discharge assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The slag removal assembly also includes a cooling water circulation system.

8. The slag discharge assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cooling water circulation system includes a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet. The cooling water inlet is connected to the water inlet hole of the front cooling chamber through an inlet channel.

9. The slag discharge assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cooling water outlet is connected to the side wall cooling cavity via an elbow.

10. A molten metal reaction vessel, characterized in that, The high-temperature slag discharge assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is connected to the slag discharge port of the molten metal reactor; the molten metal reactor further includes a primary molten metal reactor and a secondary molten metal reactor that are interconnected through a gas-liquid channel.

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