A variable-diameter tool bolt

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of variable-diameter tooling bolts, it includes: connecting screw rod, mandrel, bolt sleeve, guide locking nut, multiple adjusting sliders and spring.The middle part of mandrel is light pole, multiple frustopyramids are arranged at interval on light pole;The middle part of bolt sleeve is evenly opened with multiple long holes along circumference;The outer side of adjusting slider is camber surface, multiple wedges are arranged at interval in inner side;Mandrel is located in bolt sleeve and both ends are screwed with the both ends of bolt sleeve, one end of mandrel extends and passes out one end of bolt sleeve, and is screwed with guide locking nut;One end of connecting screw rod is inserted into bolt sleeve, and is screwed with the other end of bolt sleeve;Multiple adjusting sliders are coaxially installed in multiple long holes of bolt sleeve respectively, and axial relative fixation is kept, wedge cooperates with frustopyramid, spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of bolt sleeve.Adopting the utility model can adjust the outer diameter of variable-diameter tooling bolt according to demand, improve versatility, assembly centering accuracy and quick disassembly ability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of wind power equipment assembly technology, specifically relating to a variable diameter tooling bolt used when assembling wind turbine blades and pitch bearings. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the wind power industry, the efficient and reliable assembly of wind turbine units has become increasingly critical. In the assembly process between the blade root and the hub, the installation of blade root bolts faces numerous challenges. Traditional tooling bolts have a fixed outer diameter, making it difficult to accommodate differences in bolt hole diameters caused by machining errors, different blade models, or pitch bearings. This often leads to alignment difficulties during assembly, reducing assembly efficiency and subjecting the bolts to additional shear forces, making them highly susceptible to fatigue damage or even breakage, seriously threatening the operational safety of wind turbine units. Recently, several wind farms in the industry have frequently experienced the serious problem of batch breakage of blade root bolts. Frequent downtime and replacement maintenance caused by broken blade root bolts have significantly increased operation and maintenance costs and reduced power generation efficiency. Moreover, the disassembly process of traditional tooling bolts after blade assembly is cumbersome and complex, consuming a lot of time and manpower, further increasing the maintenance costs and downtime of wind power equipment. Therefore, a new type of tooling bolt is urgently needed to solve these problems. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a variable diameter tooling bolt whose outer diameter can be adjusted according to requirements, so as to improve versatility, assembly alignment accuracy and quick disassembly capability.

[0004] The variable diameter tooling bolt of this utility model includes: a connecting screw, a mandrel, a bolt sleeve, a guide lock nut, multiple adjusting sliders, and springs vertically fixed to both ends of each adjusting slider. The connecting screw has external threads at both ends, the mandrel has external threads at both ends, and a smooth rod in the middle with multiple truncated cones spaced apart on it; the bolt sleeve has internal threads at both ends, and multiple elongated holes are evenly distributed circumferentially in the middle; the outer surface of the adjusting slider is an arc surface, and multiple wedges are spaced apart on the inner surface; the mandrel is located inside the bolt sleeve and its two ends are screwed to both ends of the bolt sleeve, with one end of the mandrel extending out of one end of the bolt sleeve and screwed to the guide lock nut; one end of the connecting screw is inserted into the bolt sleeve and screwed to the other end of the bolt sleeve; multiple adjusting sliders are coaxially installed in the multiple elongated holes of the bolt sleeve, and are axially relatively fixed, with the wedges engaging with the truncated cones, and the springs fixed to the inner wall of the bolt sleeve. When the mandrel is rotated, the adjusting slider and the bolt sleeve remain relatively fixed axially. Therefore, the cone acts on the wedge to make the adjusting slider move radially along the bolt sleeve (compression spring or return spring), thereby realizing the adjustment of the outer diameter of the variable diameter tooling bolt.

[0005] Preferably, the guide locking nut has a frustum-shaped guide portion, the outer diameter of the larger end of which is equal to the outer diameter of the bolt sleeve end face, and the corresponding outer diameter of the smaller end of which is smaller than the outer diameter of the bolt sleeve end face. During assembly, the guide locking nut, through the frustum-shaped guide portion, guides the variable diameter tooling bolt to be accurately inserted into the pitch bearing bolt hole, thereby ensuring that the blade root bolt is coaxial with its corresponding pitch bearing bolt hole.

[0006] Preferably, the surface of the guide lock nut has a wear-resistant coating, thereby making the guide lock nut more durable.

[0007] Preferably, there are three adjusting sliders, and three elongated holes are evenly opened in the middle of the bolt sleeve along the circumference (i.e., at 120° intervals). The three adjusting sliders are coaxially installed in the three elongated holes, which makes it more convenient and more accurate to adjust the outer diameter of the variable diameter tooling bolt.

[0008] Preferably, the inner side of the adjusting slider is provided with five wedges spaced apart, and the optical rod of the mandrel is provided with five truncated cones spaced apart, which is more conducive to the precise adjustment of the outer diameter of the variable diameter tooling bolt.

[0009] Preferably, the two ends of the adjusting slider are bent inward to form a support plate, and the spring is vertically fixed to the support plate. When the adjusting slider is installed in the elongated hole of the bolt sleeve, the bent part of the adjusting slider abuts against the end face of the elongated hole. Through the limiting cooperation of the bent part and the end face, the adjusting slider and the bolt sleeve are kept relatively fixed axially. When the mandrel is rotated, the adjusting slider will not move axially.

[0010] Preferably, the nominal diameter of the end of the connecting screw that is screwed to the bolt sleeve is smaller than the nominal diameter of the other end of the connecting screw, and the other end of the connecting screw is screwed to the pre-embedded bolt sleeve at the leaf root.

[0011] Preferably, the center of the end face where the mandrel is screwed to the guide locking nut is provided with an internal hexagonal assembly operation hole. By using an internal hexagonal wrench to act on the assembly operation hole, the mandrel is rotated to adjust the outer diameter of the variable diameter tooling bolt, which also facilitates the removal of the variable diameter tooling bolt from the pre-embedded bolt sleeve at the blade root.

[0012] Preferably, the aforementioned variable diameter tooling bolt satisfies: L1 > L2; where L1 represents the length of the variable diameter tooling bolt protruding beyond the end face of the blade root flange after the connecting screw is screwed into the blade root pre-embedded bolt sleeve, and L2 represents the length of the blade root bolt protruding beyond the end face of the blade root flange after the blade root bolt is screwed into the blade root pre-embedded bolt sleeve. This ensures that when assembling with the pitch bearing bolt hole, the guide lock nut is preferentially inserted into the pitch bearing bolt hole, guiding all blade root bolts to pass smoothly through the pitch bearing bolt hole.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0014] (1) It can accurately adjust the outer diameter of the variable diameter tooling bolt according to the different diameter of the pitch bearing bolt hole, effectively solve the assembly problem caused by the difference in hole diameter, improve the versatility and assembly alignment accuracy, reduce tool inventory, and reduce procurement and management costs.

[0015] (2) The guide lock nut ensures that the variable diameter tooling bolt can be accurately inserted into the pitch bearing bolt hole, ensuring that the blade root bolt and the hole are coaxial during assembly, reducing the shear force during installation, and improving the blade assembly quality and the reliability of wind turbine operation.

[0016] (3) During assembly, the outer diameter of the variable diameter tooling bolt is adjusted to match the diameter of the pitch bearing bolt hole, which ensures that all blade root bolts are aligned with the pitch bearing bolt hole, greatly improves the installation accuracy of the blade root bolts, reduces the shearing force caused by alignment error, effectively prevents the blade root bolts from breaking, reduces the adjustment time and difficulty in the assembly process, significantly improves the overall efficiency of wind turbine blade assembly, and enhances the overall stability and reliability of wind power equipment.

[0017] (4) After assembly, the outer diameter of the variable diameter tooling bolt is reduced, which makes it easy to remove the variable diameter tooling bolt from the pre-embedded bolt sleeve at the blade root and the bolt hole of the pitch bearing. This greatly shortens the disassembly and maintenance time, reduces the operation and maintenance cost, and reduces the power generation loss caused by downtime. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the variable diameter tooling bolt in the embodiment.

[0019] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the variable diameter tooling bolt in the embodiment.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the fit between the variable diameter tooling bolts, the blade root pre-embedded bolt sleeves, and the pitch bearing bolt holes during assembly in the embodiment.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged view of the mating parts of the adjusting slider, spring, and bolt sleeve in the embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To gain a more detailed understanding of the features and technical content of the embodiments of this utility model, the implementation of the embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are for reference and illustration only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this utility model.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of the invention only and is not intended to limit the invention.

[0024] In the following description, references are made to “some embodiments,” which describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it is understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the variable diameter tooling bolt in this embodiment of the present invention includes: a connecting screw 1, a mandrel 2, a bolt sleeve 3, a guide locking nut 4, three adjusting sliders 5, and springs 6 vertically fixed to both ends of each adjusting slider 5. The connecting screw 1 has external threads at both ends. The mandrel 2 has external threads at both ends, and its middle section is a smooth rod with multiple conical truncated cones 21 spaced apart. The bolt sleeve 3 has internal threads at both ends, and its middle section has three elongated holes 31 evenly spaced circumferentially (i.e., spaced 120° apart). The outer surface of the adjusting slider 5 is an arc surface, and its inner surface has multiple wedges 51 spaced apart. The mandrel 2 is located inside the bolt sleeve 3 and its two ends are screwed to both ends of the bolt sleeve 3. One end of the mandrel 2 extends out of one end of the bolt sleeve 3 and is screwed to the guide locking nut 4. A hexagonal assembly operation hole 22 is provided at the center of the end face where the mandrel 2 is screwed to the guide locking nut 4. Without the guide lock nut 4, the mandrel 2 can be rotated within the bolt sleeve 3 by applying an Allen wrench to the assembly operation hole 22. With the guide lock nut 4 installed, the mandrel 2's axial rotation is restricted. One end of the connecting screw 1 is inserted into the bolt sleeve 3 and screwed to the other end of the bolt sleeve 3. The other end of the connecting screw 1 is screwed to the pre-embedded bolt sleeve 7 at the blade root. The nominal diameter of the end of the connecting screw 1 screwed to the bolt sleeve 3 is smaller than the nominal diameter of the other end screwed to the pre-embedded bolt sleeve 7 at the blade root. Three adjusting sliders 5 are coaxially installed in the three elongated holes 31 of the bolt sleeve 3, and the three adjusting sliders 5 and the bolt sleeve 3 are axially fixed relative to each other. The wedge 51 engages with the cone 21, and the spring 6 is fixed to the inner wall of the bolt sleeve 3 (e.g., bonded). When the mandrel is rotated, since the adjusting slider 5 and the bolt sleeve 3 are kept relatively fixed in the axial direction, the cone 21 acts on the wedge block 51 to make the adjusting slider 5 move radially along the bolt sleeve 3 (compression spring or return spring), thereby realizing the adjustment of the outer diameter of the variable diameter tooling bolt. The adjustment range can meet the industry requirements for the outer diameter of the leaf root bolt φ36mm~φ45mm, and the adjustment accuracy is ±0.1mm.

[0026] In some embodiments, the external thread specification of one end of the connecting screw 1 that is screwed to the bolt sleeve 3 is M20, and the external thread specification of the other end of the connecting screw 1 that is screwed to the leaf root pre-embedded bolt sleeve 7 is M39.

[0027] In some embodiments, the surface of the guide locking nut 4 has a wear-resistant coating, and the guide locking nut 4 is provided with a frustoconical guide portion. The outer diameter of the large end of the frustoconical guide portion is equal to the outer diameter of the end face of the bolt sleeve 3, and the outer diameter of the small end of the frustoconical guide portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the end face of the bolt sleeve 3.

[0028] In some embodiments, the inner side of the adjusting slider 5 is provided with five wedges 51 spaced apart, and the optical rod of the spindle 2 is provided with five truncated cones 21 spaced apart.

[0029] In some embodiments, the two ends of the adjusting slider 5 are bent inward to form a support plate 52, and the spring 6 is vertically bonded to the support plate 52. When the adjusting slider 5 is installed in the elongated hole 31 of the bolt sleeve 3, the bent part of the adjusting slider 5 abuts against the end face of the elongated hole 31, so that the adjusting slider 5 and the bolt sleeve 3 are axially fixed. The spring 6 is bonded between the support plate 52 and the inner wall of the bolt sleeve 3.

[0030] In some embodiments, the aforementioned variable diameter tooling bolt satisfies: L1 > L2; where L1 represents the length of the variable diameter tooling bolt protruding beyond the end face of the blade root flange 8 after the connecting screw 1 is screwed to the blade root pre-embedded bolt sleeve 7, and L2 represents the length of the blade root bolt (not shown in the figure) protruding beyond the end face of the blade root flange 8 after the blade root bolt (not shown in the figure) is screwed to the blade root pre-embedded bolt sleeve 7. This ensures that when assembling with the pitch bearing bolt holes, the guide locking nut 4 is preferentially inserted into the pitch bearing bolt holes, guiding all blade root bolts to smoothly pass through their corresponding pitch bearing bolt holes.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the operation process for assembling wind turbine blades using the aforementioned variable diameter tooling bolts is as follows:

[0032] Step 1: Prepare 3 sets of reducing tooling bolts, check the appearance of the reducing tooling bolts and the integrity of each component to ensure that there is no damage, and ensure that the connecting screw 1 and the bolt sleeve 3 are tightly and securely connected, with the reducing tooling bolt having the smallest outer diameter.

[0033] The second step is to place the three sets of prepared reducing tooling bolts into the three evenly spaced blade root embedded bolt sleeves 7 at the blade root (i.e., blade root 10) (the remaining blade root embedded bolt sleeves 7 at the blade root have already been fitted with blade root bolts). Hold the bolt sleeve 3 and screw the connecting screw 1 into the blade root embedded bolt sleeve 7. Screw the reducing tooling bolt into the blade root embedded bolt sleeve 7 to ensure that the reducing tooling bolt is firmly connected to the blade. At the same time, ensure that the exposed length of the reducing tooling bolt is greater than the exposed length of the blade root bolt (this can be ensured by the aforementioned L1 > L2).

[0034] Third step: Loosen the guide lock nut 4, rotate the mandrel 2 clockwise using an Allen wrench, the cone 21 acts on the wedge block 51, causing the adjusting slider 5 to move radially outward along the bolt sleeve 3 to compress the spring 6, increasing the outer diameter of the variable diameter tooling bolt to match the diameter of the pitch bearing bolt hole (for example, the outer diameter of the variable diameter tooling bolt is about 1mm smaller than the diameter of the pitch bearing bolt hole), and then tighten the guide lock nut 4 to restrict the axial movement of the mandrel 2.

[0035] Step 4: Connect the wind turbine blades to the pitch bearing 9. First, insert the guide lock nuts 4 of the three sets of variable diameter tooling bolts into the corresponding three pitch bearing bolt holes of the pitch bearing 9, guiding the blade root bolts into the remaining pitch bearing bolt holes. Since the outer diameter of the variable diameter tooling bolts matches the diameter of the pitch bearing bolt holes, it ensures that all blade root bolts are aligned with the pitch bearing bolt holes, with an alignment error of less than or equal to 0.5mm.

[0036] Step 5: Install nuts on the blade root bolts and tighten them to complete the wind turbine blade assembly.

[0037] Step 6: After the wind turbine blades are assembled, loosen the guide lock nut 4, rotate the spindle 2 in the opposite direction using an Allen wrench, and adjust the slider 5 to move radially inward along the bolt sleeve 3 under the action of the spring 6, reducing the outer diameter of the variable diameter tooling bolt to its minimum. Then tighten the guide lock nut 4, and then remove the variable diameter tooling bolt from the blade root pre-embedded bolt hole 7 and take it out from the pitch bearing bolt hole.

[0038] Step 7: Install the blade root bolt at the location where the reducing tooling bolt was removed, and tighten it with a nut.

[0039] In practical applications, the aforementioned variable diameter tooling bolts were tested in multiple wind farms. The results showed that the shear stress on the blade root bolts was reduced by about 60%, the assembly efficiency was increased by about 30%, and the maintenance cost was reduced by about 20%, which significantly improved the operational stability and economic benefits of wind power equipment.

[0040] The above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A variable diameter tooling bolt, characterized in that, include: The connecting screw (1), mandrel (2), bolt sleeve (3), guide lock nut (4), multiple adjusting sliders (5), and springs (6) vertically fixed to both ends of each adjusting slider; the connecting screw (1) has external threads at both ends, the mandrel (2) has external threads at both ends, the middle part is a smooth rod, and multiple cones (21) are spaced apart on the smooth rod; the bolt sleeve (3) has internal threads at both ends, and multiple elongated holes (31) are evenly opened in the middle along the circumference; the outer surface of the adjusting slider (5) is an arc surface, and multiple wedges (51) are spaced apart on the inner surface; the core The shaft (2) is located inside the bolt sleeve (3) and its two ends are screwed to both ends of the bolt sleeve (3). One end of the spindle (2) extends out of one end of the bolt sleeve (3) and is screwed to the guide lock nut (4). One end of the connecting screw (1) is inserted into the bolt sleeve (3) and screwed to the other end of the bolt sleeve (3). Multiple adjusting sliders (5) are coaxially installed in multiple elongated holes (31) of the bolt sleeve (3) and are kept relatively fixed in the axial direction. The wedge (51) cooperates with the cone (21), and the spring (6) is fixed to the inner wall of the bolt sleeve (3).

2. The variable diameter tooling bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide locking nut (4) is provided with a frustum-shaped guide part, the outer diameter of the large end of the frustum-shaped guide part is equal to the outer diameter of the end face of the bolt sleeve (3).

3. The variable diameter tooling bolt according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the guide lock nut (4) has a wear-resistant coating.

4. The variable diameter tooling bolt according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are three adjusting sliders (5). The bolt sleeve (3) has three elongated holes (31) evenly opened in the middle along the circumference. The three adjusting sliders (5) are coaxially installed in the three elongated holes (31).

5. The variable diameter tooling bolt according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner side of the adjusting slider (5) is provided with five wedges (51) spaced apart, and the optical rod of the spindle (2) is provided with five truncated cones (21) spaced apart.

6. The variable diameter tooling bolt according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two ends of the adjusting slider (5) are bent inward to form a support plate (52). The spring (6) is vertically fixed to the support plate (52). When the adjusting slider (5) is installed in the elongated hole (31) of the bolt sleeve (3), the bent part of the adjusting slider (5) abuts against the end face of the elongated hole (31), so that the adjusting slider (5) and the bolt sleeve (3) are axially fixed.

7. The variable diameter tooling bolt according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nominal diameter of one end of the connecting screw (1) that is screwed to the bolt sleeve (3) is smaller than the nominal diameter of the other end of the connecting screw (1), and the other end of the connecting screw (1) is screwed to the leaf root pre-embedded bolt sleeve (7).

8. The variable diameter tooling bolt according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mandrel (2) is screwed to the guide locking nut (4) and has an internal hexagonal assembly operation hole (22) at the center of the end face.

9. The variable diameter tooling bolt according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The following conditions must be met: L1 > L2; where L1 represents the length of the variable diameter tooling bolt protruding from the end face of the blade root flange (8) after the connecting screw (1) is screwed to the blade root pre-embedded bolt sleeve (7), and L2 represents the length of the blade root bolt protruding from the end face of the blade root flange (8) after the blade root bolt is screwed to the blade root pre-embedded bolt sleeve (7).

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