Reverse deformation welding tool for heavy truck traction saddle

Abstract

The utility model provides a heavy truck towing saddle's reverse deformation welding frock belongs to mechanical technical field. It has solved the problem of low welding efficiency of existing welding frock. The heavy truck towing saddle's reverse deformation welding frock, including the work table of rectangular plate shape of horizontal setting, set in the work table top pressure block and can drive pressure block's lifting lifting drive part, the length direction of work table is along left and right direction setting, the upper side middle part of work table has the horizontal setting support plane, the upper side of work table left and right two ends has the inclined plane of relative horizontal plane inclined setting respectively, the left side position of inclined plane in work table left end is lower than right side position, the right side position of inclined plane in work table right end is lower than left side position, the number of pressure block is two and sets up respectively in two above-mentioned inclined plane top. The heavy truck towing saddle's reverse deformation welding frock has the advantage that welding efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mechanical technology and relates to anti-deformation welding fixtures for heavy truck traction saddles. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of road transportation, road transportation accounts for an increasingly larger proportion of the freight transport sector. Semi-trailers are the main means of freight transportation, and the saddle-type drawbar is a key component connecting the semi-trailer and the tractor, serving as an important load-bearing and dynamic load-bearing component.

[0003] A saddle-type towing bracket typically includes a towing support located above the vehicle chassis crossbeam and a towing cover plate hinged to the upper side of the support. The towing support includes a roughly rectangular plate-frame base plate, two hinge seats fixed to the upper sides at both ends along the length of the base plate, and block-shaped fixing blocks fixed to both sides of the hinge seats. The base plate, hinge seats, and fixing blocks are welded and fixed in sequence.

[0004] The existing method for welding traction brackets involves placing the assembled (spot-welded) workpieces on a tooling platform, ensuring the bottom surface of the workpiece aligns with the tooling plane, and securing and tightening the workpiece at its four corners using clamping bolts. After welding, the workpiece is unclamped and lifted away. Because the weld seams are concentrated on one side of the base plate, and due to the high density of overlapping weld seams, the high temperature during welding creates internal tension within the weld seams. During the cooling process after welding, the weld seams shrink, causing warping deformation in the welded area. After complete cooling, mechanical correction is required to meet flatness requirements. This method relies on external force to forcibly achieve flatness.

[0005] Due to space constraints and dimensional accuracy requirements, the hinged parts and other small accessories at both ends of the product need to be reassembled and welded after the hinged seats on both sides are welded and the flatness of the base plate meets the requirements. Therefore, the entire process can only be completed by reassembling and welding on special tooling for accessories, resulting in waste in handling, equipment, and clamping, as well as low efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology by proposing an anti-deformation welding fixture for heavy-duty truck traction saddles, thus solving the problem of low welding efficiency when using existing welding fixtures.

[0007] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A welding fixture for anti-deformation of a heavy-duty truck traction saddle includes a horizontally arranged rectangular plate-shaped worktable, a pressure block arranged above the worktable, and a lifting drive component capable of driving the pressure block to rise and fall. The length direction of the worktable is arranged along the left and right direction, and the upper middle part of the worktable has a horizontally arranged support plane. The worktable is characterized in that the upper sides of the left and right ends of the worktable respectively have inclined planes that are inclined relative to the horizontal plane. The left side of the inclined plane located at the left end of the worktable is lower than the right side, and the right side of the inclined plane located at the right end of the worktable is lower than the left side. The number of pressure blocks is two, and they are respectively arranged above the two inclined planes.

[0008] When using the anti-deformation welding fixture for this heavy-duty truck traction saddle, an inclined plane is set on the worktable below the workpiece deformation area according to the warped deformation location of the weld seam. This plane serves as the anti-deformation constraint working surface. After the workpiece is placed in the fixture, the lifting drive component applies pressure and restraint to the warped deformation areas at both ends of the workpiece through pressure blocks. This causes a certain degree of anti-deformation at the stress concentration area of ​​the weld seam. After absorbing the high temperature of welding, the stretched and compressed areas achieve a grain reorganization effect, optimizing the mechanical and mechanical properties of this part. After one welding operation, the pressure blocks at both ends are released, and the workpiece can be lifted out of the fixture. This method eliminates the need for mechanical alignment and secondary clamping, greatly improving production efficiency and mechanical and mechanical properties, reducing processes, and increasing welding efficiency.

[0009] In the aforementioned anti-deformation welding fixture for heavy-duty truck traction saddles, the angle between the two inclined planes and the horizontal plane is 1 to 5 degrees. The specific angle of the inclined planes can be determined based on the bending angle that will occur when the actual base plate is welded to the hinge seat, preferably 1.2°.

[0010] In the aforementioned anti-deformation welding fixture for a heavy-duty truck traction saddle, block-shaped limiting blocks are fixed at both inclined planes on the worktable. Two pressure blocks are positioned above the two limiting blocks, and the horizontal distance between the two pressure blocks is less than the horizontal distance between the two limiting blocks. The bottom of each pressure block has a recessed clearance notch corresponding to the limiting block. The two limiting blocks are used to limit the ends of the base plate, ensuring that the base plate is positioned correctly when placed on the supporting plane. This allows the two pressure blocks to press down on both ends of the base plate, guaranteeing the accuracy and stability of the base clamping and positioning.

[0011] In the aforementioned anti-deformation welding fixture for a heavy-duty truck traction saddle, a clamping hole is vertically oriented on the worktable, located between two pressure blocks. A clamping drive is fixed to the lower side of the worktable, and the output end of the clamping drive is connected to two elongated clamping fingers. The two clamping fingers pass through the clamping hole from bottom to top, and the clamping drive can drive the two clamping fingers to move closer together. The clamping drive is positioned below the worktable to avoid affecting the placement of the base plate. The clamping fingers, located between the two pressure blocks, can clamp the middle section of the base plate to assist in positioning and ensure the stability of the base plate's position during welding.

[0012] In the aforementioned anti-deformation welding fixture for a heavy-duty truck traction saddle, a swing seat is fixed to the side of the worktable, and a limiting seat is hinged to the upper side of the swing seat. The side of the limiting seat away from the swing seat can swing around the hinge point to the top of the worktable and be positioned. The position of the limiting seat can correspond to the position where the fixed block needs to be welded and fixed, so that when the limiting seat swings to the top of the worktable, it can provide auxiliary positioning for the fixed block to facilitate welding.

[0013] In the aforementioned anti-deformation welding fixture for a heavy-duty truck traction saddle, a fixed base is fixed on the worktable on the opposite side of the swing seat. A long rod-shaped operating rod is vertically inserted through the fixed base. A limiting component is provided above the worktable, and the bottom of the limiting component has an upwardly recessed limiting hole. The upper end of the operating rod is fixed to the limiting component, and the operating rod can drive the limiting component to rise and fall. The size of the limiting hole allows a fixed block to be inserted. When the operating rod drives the limiting component to rise, the limiting of the fixed block can be released, allowing the fixed block to be placed. After the fixed block is placed, the operating rod drives the limiting component to fall, causing the top of the fixed block to engage in the limiting hole, thus assisting in the positioning of the fixed block and facilitating welding.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the anti-deformation welding fixture for the heavy truck traction saddle uses two inclined planes on both sides of the support plane to pre-deform the two ends of the base plate by pressing down and abutting against the inclined planes, leaving room for upward bending. This allows the base plate to remain roughly flat even when the two ends bend upward after the hinge seat is welded to the base plate. The fixing block can be welded without removing the base plate for reshaping, reducing the number of steps and improving welding efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-deformation welding fixture for the traction saddle of this heavy truck.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the anti-deformation welding fixture for the traction saddle of this heavy truck.

[0017] In the diagram, 1. Workbench; 1a. Support plane; 1b. Inclined plane; 1c. Clamping hole; 2. Pressure block; 2a. Clearance notch; 3. Lifting drive component; 4. Limiting block; 5. Clamping drive component; 6. Clamping finger; 7. Swing seat; 8. Limiting seat; 9. Fixed seat; 10. Operating lever; 11. Limiting component; 12. Base plate; 13. Hinge seat; 14. Fixed block. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0019] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the anti-deformation welding fixture for the heavy-duty truck traction saddle is used for positioning and welding the traction bracket. The traction bracket includes a rectangular plate-frame base plate 12, two hinge seats 13 for fixing to the upper sides of opposite ends of the base plate 12, and four fixing blocks 14, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the two hinge seats 13. Two of the four fixing blocks 14 are elongated and horizontally fixed to the base plate 12, while the other two fixing blocks 14 are vertically fixed to the hinge seats 13.

[0020] The anti-deformation welding fixture for this heavy-duty truck traction saddle includes a worktable 1 with a horizontally positioned support plane 1a at the top, pressure blocks 2 positioned above the worktable 1, and lifting drive components 3 capable of driving the pressure blocks 2 to rise and fall. The worktable 1 is rectangular and can be supported on the ground or a table surface by fixing feet at the bottom. The support plane 1a is located in the middle section of the worktable 1. There are two pressure blocks 2, which are respectively positioned above both ends of the worktable 1. The two lifting drive components 3 are cylinders, fixed to the lower side of the worktable 1. The piston rods of the two lifting drive components 3 pass upward through the worktable 1 and are correspondingly fixed to the two pressure blocks 2. In this embodiment, the vertical cross-section of the pressure block 2 is approximately trapezoidal.

[0021] Both ends of the worktable 1 have upper surfaces that are inclined planes 1b relative to the horizontal plane, and these two inclined planes 1b are adjacent to the support plane 1a. The two inclined planes 1b are inclined in opposite directions, and the position of the two inclined planes 1b near the middle of the worktable 1 is higher than the position of the inclined planes 1b near the ends of the worktable 1. Two pressure blocks 2 are respectively disposed above the two inclined planes 1b. In this embodiment, both the support plane 1a and the inclined planes 1b are planes, and the angle between the two inclined planes 1b and the horizontal plane is 1 to 5 degrees, preferably 1.2 degrees.

[0022] On the workbench 1, there are block-shaped limiting blocks 4 that protrude from the inclined plane 1b at two locations. Two pressure blocks 2 are located above the two limiting blocks 4 respectively, and the horizontal distance between the two pressure blocks 2 is less than the horizontal distance between the two limiting blocks 4. The bottom of the pressure block 2 has a recessed clearance notch 2a corresponding to the limiting block 4.

[0023] Two clamping drive components 5 are provided on the lower side of the middle section of the worktable 1, and the two clamping drive components 5 are spaced apart along the width direction of the worktable 1. Both clamping drive components 5 are cylinders, and the structures of the two cylinders are exactly the same. The piston rod of the cylinder is set upward and fixed to the bottom surface of the worktable 1. A slide is fixed to the lower side of the cylinder body. At both ends of the slide in the length direction of the worktable 1, there are mounting seats with a cross section that is approximately Y-shaped. Each mounting seat is provided with two long clamping fingers 6. The lower ends of the two clamping fingers 6 are hinged to the mounting seat through a hinge shaft. A clamping hole 1c is opened vertically through the worktable 1, and the number of clamping holes 1c is the same as the number of clamping fingers 6. The upper ends of several clamping fingers 6 pass through the clamping holes 1c one by one. The upper ends of the two clamping fingers 6 on the same mounting seat have hooks that bend towards each other to hook the base plate 12. When the piston rod of the clamping drive 5 is pushed upward, the cylinder and the slide move downward. The two clamping fingers 6 on the same mounting base move downward and approach each other under the limitation of the clamping hole 1c hole wall, so that the hook part hooks the base plate 12 and realizes the positioning of the base plate 12.

[0024] Two swing seats 7 and two fixed seats 9 are fixed on both sides of the worktable 1 in the width direction, and they correspond to the positions on the base plate 12 used to fix two hinge seats 13. A U-shaped limiting seat 8 is provided on the upper side of the swing seat 7. The open end of the limiting seat 8 faces the swing seat 7 and is hinged to the swing seat 7. The other end of the limiting seat 8 can swing around the hinge axis to the top of the worktable 1 and abut against the upper side of the swing seat 7 to achieve the positioning of the limiting seat 8. The positioning position of the limiting seat 8 is higher than the position of the base plate 12. The side of the limiting seat 8 facing the fixed seat 9 is a plane, which is used for the fixing block 14 to abut against to assist the positioning of the fixing block 14. A cylindrical operating rod 10 is vertically inserted into the fixed base 9. A long, L-shaped limiting member 11 is provided above the worktable 1. The bottom of the limiting member 11 has an upwardly recessed limiting hole. The upper end of the operating rod 10 is fixed to the limiting member 11, and the operating rod 10 can drive the limiting member 11 to rise and fall. Here, the swinging of the limiting base 8 and the rising and falling of the operating rod 10 are both manually operated.

[0025] When using the anti-deformation welding fixture for the heavy-duty truck traction saddle, the base plate 12 of the traction bracket is horizontally positioned above the support plane 1a, with the two surfaces abutting each other. The two ends of the base plate 12 along its length are respectively located above two inclined planes 1b, with a gap between the lower side of the base plate 12 and the inclined planes 1b. The pressure block 2 descends under the drive of the lifting drive component 3, pressing down on both ends of the base plate 12, causing the ends of the base plate 12 to deform until the bottom surface abuts against the inclined planes 1b. Then, the hinge seat 13 of the traction bracket is welded to the corresponding positions on both ends of the base plate 12 corresponding to the inclined planes 1b. The limiting seat 8 is swung upwards, placing one of the elongated fixing blocks 14, which is used for horizontal fixation on the base plate 12, on the upper side of the base plate 12, abutting against the limiting seat 8. After positioning, it is welded and fixed. The fixing block 14 on the other side of the hinge seat 13 can be directly placed in the corresponding position on the hinge seat 13. The operating lever 10 is manually moved down, so that the upper part of the fixing block 14 is inserted into the limiting hole of the limiting member 11 to achieve limiting, and then welded and fixed. After welding is completed, the limiting seat 8 and the operating lever 10 are reversed, and the lifting drive member 3 and the clamping drive member 5 are released, so that the welded traction bracket can be taken out for connection with the traction cover plate seat.

[0026] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples illustrating the spirit of this utility model. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of this utility model or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A welding fixture for anti-deformation of a heavy truck traction saddle, comprising a horizontally arranged rectangular plate-shaped worktable (1), a pressure block (2) disposed above the worktable (1), and a lifting drive component (3) capable of driving the pressure block (2) to rise and fall, wherein the length direction of the worktable (1) is arranged along the left-right direction, and the upper middle part of the worktable (1) has a horizontally arranged support plane (1a), characterized in that, The upper sides of the left and right ends of the workbench (1) are respectively inclined planes (1b) that are inclined relative to the horizontal plane. The left side of the inclined plane (1b) at the left end of the workbench (1) is lower than the right side, and the right side of the inclined plane (1b) at the right end of the workbench (1) is lower than the left side. There are two pressure blocks (2) and they are respectively arranged above the two inclined planes (1b).

2. The anti-deformation welding fixture for heavy-duty truck traction saddle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the two inclined planes (1b) and the horizontal plane is 1 to 5 degrees.

3. The anti-deformation welding fixture for a heavy-duty truck traction saddle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, On the workbench (1), there are block-shaped limiting blocks (4) fixed at the two inclined planes (1b). The two pressing blocks (2) are located above the two limiting blocks (4) respectively, and the horizontal distance between the two pressing blocks (2) is less than the horizontal distance between the two limiting blocks (4). The bottom of the pressing block (2) has a recessed clearance notch (2a) corresponding to the limiting block (4).

4. The anti-deformation welding fixture for a heavy-duty truck traction saddle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The workbench (1) has a clamping hole (1c) extending vertically through it, and the clamping hole (1c) is located between the two pressure blocks (2). A clamping drive (5) is fixed on the lower side of the workbench (1). The output end of the clamping drive (5) is connected to two long clamping fingers (6). The two clamping fingers (6) pass through the clamping hole (1c) from bottom to top. The clamping drive (5) can drive the two clamping fingers (6) to move closer to each other.

5. The anti-deformation welding fixture for a heavy-duty truck traction saddle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The workbench (1) is fixed with a swing seat (7) on its side. A limit seat (8) is hinged to the upper side of the swing seat (7). The side of the limit seat (8) away from the swing seat (7) can swing around the hinge point to the top of the workbench (1) and be positioned.

6. The anti-deformation welding fixture for a heavy-duty truck traction saddle according to claim 5, characterized in that, A fixed seat (9) is fixed on the worktable (1) on the other side of the swing seat (7). A long rod-shaped operating rod (10) is vertically inserted on the fixed seat (9). A limiting member (11) is provided above the worktable (1). The bottom of the limiting member (11) has an upwardly recessed limiting hole. The upper end of the operating rod (10) is fixed to the limiting member (11) and the operating rod (10) can drive the limiting member (11) to rise and fall.

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