Notching device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a release device (1) for releasing an object suspended therefrom under load, in particular for drop tests, wherein the release device (1) comprises: two complementarily shaped clamping jaws (3a, 3b), wherein the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) are each rotatably mounted about a bearing (2), wherein the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) are designed to hold a release bolt (4) with the hanging object attached thereto in the closed state; and a toggle lever with two legs (5, 6), wherein the legs are connected at their common connection to a bearing bolt (7) and are connected at their respective outer connections (22a, 22b) to the clamping jaws (3a, 3b), wherein the toggle lever is designed to hold the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) closed without actuating force in an overextended configuration against a mechanical stop (10);wherein the toggle lever is configured to release the locking of the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) by a primary stroke (24) of the bearing pin (7) resulting from the overextension of the toggle lever beyond the dead center, corresponding to a secondary stroke (25), so that the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) transition to an open state and the hanging object is dropped. The invention further relates to a method for releasing a hanging object under load.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a release device for releasing a suspended object under load and a method for releasing a suspended object under load. Such release devices and methods are used particularly in drop tests, as well as for releasing the test object during acceleration, crash, and shock tests.

[0002] An object to be subjected to a drop test, for example, is suspended from the release device, sometimes referred to as a trigger device, by means of an eyelet, rope, hook, or similar device. The object can be any type of test object, such as drop rams, vehicles, containers, or bins of any mass.

[0003] With conventional release devices, in which the load is suspended from only a single lever of the release device, which pivots sideways or at a certain angle, strong frictional forces are created that must be overcome before the load can be released. One such release device is described, for example, in DE 1 180 917 B. In addition, the load is moved horizontally and does not fall precisely vertically, causing it to fall, for example, onto an edge rather than flat on the ground as desired. With other known release devices, a bolt or other profile is pulled sideways; this also creates high frictional forces and wear, as well as lateral movement of the object to be released.

[0004] In other processes, a bar or a plate is broken by applying force, for example, using a hydraulic hollow cylinder or a cutting device. This is a significant effort, is not very safe, and the broken part must be replaced afterwards.

[0005] In general, release devices that are frictionally connected to the load are not safe, as the friction factor can change rapidly due to contact with oil, grease, or similar substances. Hydraulic pressure can cause oil to leak and lead to premature release.

[0006] Triggering via magnets may be suitable for smaller masses, but it is also unsafe because it requires a mechanical locking mechanism. Furthermore, a ferromagnetic counterplate with a ground surface must be present on the test specimen, which distorts its mass.

[0007] There is therefore a need for release devices that allow the load to slide smoothly out of the release mechanism, with the load falling precisely vertically and not moving sideways upon release. Furthermore, it is desirable that only low forces are required for release, thus keeping power consumption low and service life long. Furthermore, a rapid sequence of releases should be possible, and the release mechanism should be protected against premature release with multiple redundant features. A broad application range, allowing, for example, the release of objects with masses from approximately 5 kg to 65,000 kg, would also be advantageous.

[0008] Against this background, the object of the invention is to provide a release device for releasing a suspended object under load, which addresses the above-mentioned needs and eliminates as many of the aforementioned problems of the prior art as possible. A further object of the invention is to provide a method for releasing a suspended object under load.

[0009] According to the invention, this object is achieved with regard to the release device by the subject matter of patent claim 1 and with regard to the method by the subject matter of patent claim 12.

[0010] The invention is based on the idea of ​​providing a release device for releasing a suspended object under load, particularly for drop tests, which release device has two complementarily shaped clamping jaws. The term "under load" is intended to mean that before release, the entire weight of the object rests on the clamping jaws holding them. The clamping jaws are each rotatably mounted about a bearing. The clamping jaws are designed, when closed, to hold a release bolt with the hanging object attached to them. The clamping jaws can have various shapes; ideally, they have contact surfaces that are adapted to the shape of the release bolt so that release occurs with low friction. The release bolt itself is not part of the release device, but can be part of the object or a hanger for suspending the object.

[0011] The release device according to the invention further comprises a toggle lever with two legs. The two legs have a common connection and two outer connections, wherein the legs are connected to a bearing pin at their common connection and to the clamping jaws at their respective outer connections.

[0012] The toggle lever is designed to hold the clamping jaws closed in an overextended configuration at a mechanical stop without any actuating force. To release the object, the toggle lever is designed to release the locking of the clamping jaws through a primary stroke of the bearing pin, which causes the toggle lever to be overextended beyond the dead center. The movement to unlock the clamping jaws corresponds to a secondary stroke. In other words, with the secondary stroke, the clamping jaws transition to an open state, and the hanging object is dropped.

[0013] The primary stroke is generally larger than the secondary stroke, in particular the primary stroke is much larger than the secondary stroke. In particular, the primary stroke is at least a factor of 4, and in particular at least a factor of 7, larger than the secondary stroke.

[0014] The special feature of the toggle lever principle is that the transmission ratio between the applied actuating force and the resulting force continuously shifts during the movement. In the flexed position, the toggle lever achieves a high travel transmission with a low force transmission. The closer the toggle lever approaches the fully extended position, the more the stroke speed decreases while maintaining the same actuating speed, while the pressing force increases. When the toggle lever is fully extended – i.e., at the dead center – the force theoretically approaches infinity. This means that the highest force transmission is effective in the last few millimeters of the toggle lever travel. By overextending the toggle lever – beyond the dead center – a locking effect can be achieved if a mechanical stop is present.In this state, the clamping force is maintained and the clamped workpiece cannot release itself, even without the application of an actuating force.

[0015] The device of the toggle lever, which holds the clamping jaws closed in an overextended configuration at a mechanical stop without any actuating force, already represents an initial safety measure against premature or unintentional release of the object.

[0016] The release device according to the invention is universally applicable, for example, freely suspended from a crane, guided by rollers or plain bearings on fall systems, or permanently installed at various angles. No work is required on the release device after the load has been engaged; when the fall height is reached, the release can be released and released, for example, using a remote control.

[0017] It is particularly preferred if the release device is configured to trigger a complete opening of the clamping jaws, after the primary stroke releases the locking of the clamping jaws, until the release pin passes through, due to the weight of the object. In other words, the secondary stroke is essentially achieved by the mass of the object itself, and thus the release pin slides out of the clamping jaws with low friction.

[0018] In particular, the bearing pin can be connected to a guide rod, through which the actuating force for the primary stroke is transmitted. The guide rod can be guided in a pivoting bearing housing. Additionally, the bearing pin can be guided externally on cover plates so that it can only slide up and down vertically, resulting in synchronous movement of the two clamping jaws.

[0019] In one embodiment, the guide rod can contain a compression spring that additionally preloads the toggle lever in the overextended configuration. In particular, the compression spring can press the toggle lever against the mechanical stop. This advantageously serves to additionally secure the clamping jaws in the closed position. In other words, when the release device is at rest, the toggle lever rests against the mechanical stop due to its own weight and the spring force of the compression spring, for example, 1.5 mm below the horizontal position, i.e., the dead center.

[0020] In one embodiment, the guide rod can be connected to at least one actuator via a yoke, wherein the actuator is configured to apply the actuating force for the primary stroke. The actuator can be designed as an electrically operated actuator. Two electrically operated actuators can be provided for symmetrical guidance and redundant protection of the actuation. The primary stroke or trigger stroke can also be generated by other lifting or rotating elements and arrangements, or even manually.

[0021] In one embodiment, a locking pin can fix at least one leg of the toggle lever in the overextended configuration. This advantageously serves to additionally secure the clamping jaws in the closed state. To release the object, the locking pin can be pulled out using a small lifting magnet or manually via a cable. The guide rod can then be actuated, for example, by the electric actuators, so that the primary stroke can be applied and the clamping jaws unlocked.

[0022] In one embodiment, the stop can have a bolt with an eccentric cross-section, or the stop can be implemented by a bolt with an eccentric cross-section. In this variant, the actuating force for unlocking the clamping jaws can be applied by twisting the bolt. Just a few millimeters of eccentricity are sufficient to unlock the clamping jaws and thus release the object. The clamping jaws can then be opened and closed manually in the unloaded state. The overall height of the release device is thus reduced by more than half compared to the embodiment with a guide rod, yoke, and actuators.

[0023] In a method according to the invention for releasing a hanging object under load, particularly for drop tests, the object is held in the closed state between two complementarily shaped clamping jaws by means of a release pin attached to it. The clamping jaws are each rotatably mounted about a bearing. A toggle lever with two legs, the legs of which are connected to a bearing pin at their common connection and to the clamping jaws at their respective outer connections, holds the clamping jaws closed in an overextended configuration against a mechanical stop without any actuating force. The method according to the invention comprises the following steps: releasing the locking of the clamping jaws by a primary stroke of the bearing pin from the overextension of the toggle lever beyond the dead center, and transitioning the clamping jaws to an open state so that the hanging object is dropped.The transition of the clamping jaws into the open state corresponds to a secondary stroke. The primary stroke is generally larger than the secondary stroke. In other words, the object can be released with a small primary stroke and minimal force. In particular, the primary stroke can be only a few millimeters; it is particularly preferred that the primary stroke – measured from the dead center – be only a few hundred micrometers.

[0024] The primary stroke at the trigger point is greater than the secondary stroke, in particular the primary stroke is at least a factor of 4, in particular at least a factor of 7, greater than the secondary stroke.

[0025] It is particularly preferred if, in the method, after the locking of the clamping jaws is released by the primary stroke, the full opening of the clamping jaws is triggered by the weight of the object until the release bolt passes through. In other words, the release occurs "automatically" after the primary stroke of 1.6 mm.

[0026] In particular, the toggle lever can be preloaded by a compression spring in the overextended configuration. This provides additional security for the clamping jaws in the closed position.

[0027] In one embodiment of the method, the actuating force for the primary lift is applied by an actuator. This eliminates the need for manual operation of the triggering device after the load has been latched into place. Upon reaching the fall height, the device can be released and triggered, for example, using a remote control.

[0028] In another embodiment of the method, a locking bolt is released before the actuator applies the actuating force for the primary stroke. This provides an additional security measure for the clamping jaws in the closed state.

[0029] The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a notching device according to the invention according to a preferred embodiment with closed clamping jaws; Fig. 2 a schematic representation of a release device according to the invention according to a preferred embodiment with open clamping jaws; Fig. 3 a cross-sectional view along the Fig. 1 listed markings AA; Fig. 4 a schematic representation of an embodiment of the clamping jaws; Fig. 5 a schematic representation of another embodiment of the clamping jaws; Fig. 6a a schematic representation of another embodiment of the clamping jaws; Fig. 6b a bottom view of the embodiment of Fig. 6a; Fig. 7 a schematic representation of another embodiment of the clamping jaws; Fig. 8 is a schematic side view of a release device according to the invention according to a preferred embodiment;

[0030] Fig. Figure 1 shows a release device 1 according to the invention with closed clamping jaws 3a, 3b according to a preferred embodiment. The two clamping jaws 3a, 3b have a special shape adapted to the shape of the release pin 4. In this example, a precisely round opening of, for example, 80 mm in diameter is created between the closed clamping jaws at the lower end. This opening serves to accommodate a release pin 4, which is usually connected to the part to be released (container, vehicle, etc.) via a cable suspension or fixed, articulated connection.

[0031] At the upper end, the clamping jaws 3a, 3b are connected by means of legs 5 and 6, which share a bearing pin 7 in the middle. The legs 5 and 6 form a toggle lever that can bend upwards and downwards from a horizontal position. The bearing pin 7 in the center of the toggle lever accommodates a vertical guide rod 8 containing a compression spring 9. The slightly pre-tensioned compression spring presses the toggle lever 5, 6 downwards until it rests on the support pin 10, depending on the selection, 0.5 to approximately 1.5 mm below the horizontal position, the dead center (path S). ​​The two legs 5 and 6 are connected to the clamping jaws 3a, 3b at their respective other, outer connections 22a, 22b.

[0032] The key point regarding the toggle lever and release mechanism is that the self-locking toggle lever, which is located approximately 1.5 mm below the horizontal position in the center before release, must be raised with minimal force by approximately 0.1 mm above the horizontal position, i.e., a total of 1.6 mm. This causes the clamping jaws on the release pin to open imperceptibly, only by approximately 0.014 mm. Release then occurs automatically, almost forcelessly and frictionlessly, due to the mass of the test specimen or the opening of the clamping jaws by the release pin.

[0033] The guide rod 8 initially passes through a stationary but pivoting bearing housing 11 at the top, and a guide head 12 with lateral bolts 17 is screwed into the upper end. The guide head 12, the guide rod 8 and the toggle lever can move freely vertically in a yoke 13, to which the two electric actuators 14, 14 are hinged, without the actuators 14, 14' having to move. Release occurs automatically when the toggle lever is lifted in the middle approximately 0.1 to 0.2 mm above its horizontal position, i.e. if it rests on the support bolt 10, it only needs to be lifted by the electric actuators 14, 14' by 0.6 to 1.6 mm, depending on the distance S. The remaining stroke is only required to fully open the clamping jaws.

[0034] In other words, to release the load, the actuators 14, 14' only move upwards by approximately 1.6 mm, so that the toggle lever 5, 6 is approximately 0.1 mm above the horizontal or extended position at its central bearing pin 7. The clamping jaws 3a, 3b open by 0.014 mm. The actuators 14, 14' do not need to extend any further, since the slight upward bending of the toggle lever 5, 6 by 0.1 mm is sufficient for the load or the associated release pin 4 to automatically open the clamping jaws 14, 14' fully with minimal force, causing the load to fall downwards. The ratio of primary stroke 24 to secondary stroke 25 in this example would be 1.6 mm to 0.014 mm. The usable total stroke of the actuators 14, 14' of 103 mm only serves to fully open and close the clamping jaws 3a, 3b without load by approximately 85 mm, with the primary and secondary strokes approaching 83 mm at 103 mm.While the release bolt 4 opens the clamping jaws 3a, 3b, the reverse is true: here the secondary stroke 25 causes a primary stroke 24 to occur. However, the actuators 14, 14' play no role here; they remain at a 1.6 mm stroke unless they extend further after disengagement, which takes approximately 1 second. This immediately opens the clamping jaws 3a, 3b again and the release bolt 4 can be grasped for the next drop test. The preferred procedure is as follows: When the load is released, the actuators are fully extended upwards beyond the required stroke of 1.6 mm (approx. 103 mm). The clamping jaws are then fully open and, if necessary, the load can be re-engaged on the ground, the clamping jaws closed by fully retracting the actuators, and the release device 1 raised again for the next drop, which is normally done by means of a cable crane. After lifting the articulated lever 5, 6 by 1.6mm, the guide rod 8 can move unhindered for approx.103 mm upwards through the bearing housing 8 and guided on both sides by the bolts 17 in a groove in the yoke 13, without affecting the actuators 14, 14'. The distance from the horizontal position of the toggle lever 5, 6 to the stop 10 was chosen to be 1.5 mm, so that the toggle lever is sufficiently secured against upward buckling and the force required to trigger it by the actuators is not too great.

[0035] The removable locking bolt 16 serves as an additional safety feature by preventing the toggle lever 5, 6 from buckling upwards. Spacers 19 fix the release device 1 between two cover plates (see Fig. 8).

[0036] The release mechanism can be connected to a lifting device via hole 30. The release mechanism can be used in any position: freely movable, guided on a column, or stationary.

[0037] An object (not shown) to be subjected to a drop test is suspended between the clamping jaws 3a, 3b using a connecting element with the release pin 4. For this purpose, the release pin 4 can either be inserted laterally into the closed clamping jaws 3a, 3b, or the slightly opened clamping jaws 3a, 3b can be placed on the fixed release pin 4, whereby the weight of the release device causes the clamping jaws 3a, 3b to open and close again after engaging. The electric actuators 14, 14' must then be fully retracted. In addition, the clamping jaws 3a, 3b can be fully opened by the electric actuators 14, 14' and closed after the release pin 4 has engaged.

[0038] If the clamping jaws 3a, 3b are closed, the toggle lever 5, 6 is automatically pressed onto the support bolt 10 by its own weight and additionally by the spring 9. In addition, the toggle lever 5, 6 is pressed downwards by the attached load ("test specimen", not shown), so that it is secured multiple times and cannot be triggered. For further redundancy, the safety bolt 16 is retracted above the toggle lever 5, 6, which then cannot move upwards. The triggering device 1 with the attached load is then usually raised to the required height using a crane or other lifting gear, after which the safety bolt 16 is pulled out using a small lifting magnet or by hand using a rope (not shown). The electric actuators 14, 14' are then extended, for example by approximately 1.6 mm, to trigger the load.

[0039] Fig. 2 shows the release device 1 according to a preferred embodiment with open clamping jaws 3a, 3b after the release of the locking of the clamping jaws 3a, 3b by the primary stroke, applied by the actuating force of the extended electric actuators 14, 14' and transmitted via the yoke 13, guide rod 8 and bearing pin 7 to the toggle lever 5, 6. The complete opening of the clamping jaws 3a, 3b until the release pin 4 passes through is effected by the weight of the object to be released (not shown).

[0040] There is hardly any friction and wear on the support 20a, 20b or on the release pin 4, since the slight upward movement of the toggle lever means that the friction path between the support 20a, 20b and the release pin 4 is only approx. 0.01 mm, after which the clamping jaws open almost effortlessly.

[0041] Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view along the Fig. 1. The legs 5, 6 of the toggle lever are connected in the center by bearing pins 7 and guided by a center bearing 18 (with sliding block, sliding shoe). Screwed spacers 19 fix two cover plates 15a and 15b, between which the bearing pin 7 is connected and the center bearing 18 is mounted.

[0042] Fig. Figure 4 illustrates the movement of the clamping jaws 3a, 3b, which are mounted for rotation about the bearings 2. The connections 22a, 22b are connected to the legs of the toggle lever. In an overextended configuration of the toggle lever at the mechanical stop 10, the clamping jaws 3a, 3b are closed. When the toggle lever is released from the overextension by the primary stroke, the connections 22a, 22b move toward each other, as indicated by the arrows above. This causes the clamping jaws 3a, 3b to open, as indicated by the arrows below. The clamping jaws 3a, 3b are adapted here for a round release pin 4.

[0043] Fig. Figure 5 shows an alternative design of the clamping jaws 3a, 3b, which are adapted to a pear-shaped cross-section of the release pin. In this design, the release pin slides particularly smoothly out of the clamping jaws 3a, 3b.

[0044] Fig. 6a shows an alternative design of the clamping jaws 3a, 3b with a toothing in the lower area 21 of the clamping jaws 3a, 3b. Fig. Figure 6b shows a bottom view illustrating the toothing in area 21 of the clamping jaws 3a, 3b along the direction Y. The toothing of the clamping jaws 3a, 3b slightly enlarges the contact surface of the release bolt, thus allowing smaller dimensions of the clamping jaws 3a, 3b and the release bolt 4, which can be advantageous for some applications.

[0045] Fig. Figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the clamping jaws 3a, 3b, wherein several rollers 23 are mounted in the area of ​​the support surface of the release pin 4. The rollers 23 further reduce the already low friction during release by the release device 1 according to the invention. This adapts the release device 1 according to the invention to precision releases of small masses, thus also making it possible to use smaller actuators.

[0046] Fig.Figure 8 shows a schematic side view of a notching device 1 according to the invention and its installation between cover plates 15a and 15b, which are spaced apart by spacers 19 and fixed with screws. The bearing pin 7 is guided by the central bearing 18 such that it can only slide up and down vertically, which is important for the synchronous movement of the two clamping jaws 3a, 3b. The guide rod 8 is surrounded by the compression spring 9 and mounted in the bearing housing 11, to which the guide head 12 and yoke 13 are connected. The actuators are not shown for clarity. List of reference symbols 1 release device 2 camps 3a, 3b clamping jaws 4 release bolts 5, 6 legs 7 bearing bolts 8 Guide rod 9 compression spring 10 stops 11 Bearing housing 12 Guide head 13 yoke 14, 14' actuator 15a, 15b cover plate 16 locking bolts 17 bolts 18 Center bearing 19 Spacer 20a, 20b support surface 21 Area 22a, 22b connection 23 rolls 24 Primary lift 25 Secondary lift 30 holes QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 1 180 917 B

[0003]

Claims

[1] Release device (1) for releasing an object suspended therefrom under load, in particular for drop tests, wherein the release device (1) comprises the following: • two complementary shaped clamping jaws (3a, 3b), wherein the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) are each rotatably mounted about a bearing (2), wherein the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) are arranged to hold a release bolt (4) with the suspended object attached thereto in the closed state; and • a toggle lever with two legs (5, 6), wherein the legs are connected at their common connection to a bearing pin (7) and at their respective outer connections (22a, 22b) to the clamping jaws (3a, 3b), wherein the toggle lever is configured to hold the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) closed without actuation force in an overextended configuration against a mechanical stop (10); wherein the toggle lever is configured to release the locking of the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) by a primary stroke (24) of the bearing pin (7) from the overextension of the toggle lever beyond the dead center, corresponding to a secondary stroke (25), so that the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) move into an open state and the suspended object is dropped. [2] Disengagement device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the primary stroke (24) is larger than the secondary stroke (25), in particular the primary stroke (24) is larger by at least a factor of 4, in particular by at least a factor of 7, than the secondary stroke (25). [3] Release device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the release device is configured to trigger a complete opening of the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) by the weight of the object after the locking of the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) has been released by the primary stroke (24). [4] Disengagement device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bearing pin (7) is connected to a guide rod (8) through which the actuating force for the primary stroke (24) is transmitted. [5] Disengaging device (1) according to claim 4, wherein the guide rod (8) is guided in a pivotable bearing housing (11). [6] Disengagement device (1) according to claims 4 or 5, wherein the guide rod (8) includes a compression spring (9) which additionally preloads the toggle lever in the overextended configuration, in particular pressing the toggle lever against the mechanical stop (10). [7] Disengagement device (1) according to one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the guide rod (8) is connected via a yoke (13) to at least one actuator (14), wherein the actuator (14) is configured to provide the actuating force for the primary stroke (24). [8] Disengagement device (1) according to claim 7, wherein the actuator (14) is designed as an electrically operated actuator (14). [9] Release device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) have bearing surfaces (20a, 20b) adapted to the shape of the release bolt (4). [10] Release device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a locking bolt (16) fixes at least one leg (5, 6) of the toggle lever in the overextended configuration. [11] Disengagement device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the stop (10) has a bolt with an eccentric cross-section. [12] Method for releasing a suspended object under load, in particular for drop tests, wherein the object is held in the closed position between two complementary shaped clamping jaws (3a, 3b) by means of a release bolt (4) attached to it, wherein the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) are each rotatably mounted about a bearing (2), and wherein a toggle lever with two legs (5, 6), the legs (5, 6) of which are connected at their common connection to a bearing bolt (7) and at their respective outer connections (22a, 22b) to the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) in an overextended configuration against a mechanical stop (10) holds the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) closed without actuation force, comprising the following steps: • Releasing the locking mechanism of the clamping jaws (1a, 1b) by a primary stroke (24) of the bearing bolt (7) from the overextension of the toggle lever beyond the dead center; • Transition of the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) into an open state, corresponding to a secondary stroke (25), so that the hanging object is dropped. [13] Method according to claim 12, wherein the primary stroke (24) is larger than the secondary stroke (25), in particular the primary stroke (24) is larger by at least a factor of 4, in particular by at least a factor of 7, than the secondary stroke (25). [14] Method according to claim 12 or 13, comprising the following further steps after the release of the locking of the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) by the primary stroke (24): triggering a complete opening of the clamping jaws (3a, 3b) until the release bolt (4) passes through by the weight force of the object. [15] Method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, comprising the following further steps: Pre-tensioning the toggle lever in the overextended configuration by a compression spring (9). [16] Method according to any one of claims 12 to 15, comprising the following further steps: applying the actuating force for the primary stroke (24) by an actuator (14). [17] Method according to claim 16, comprising the following further steps prior to the application of the actuating force for the primary stroke (24) by the actuator (14): releasing a locking bolt (16).

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