Connection arrangement for connecting two components in construction

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

[0001] The present invention relates to a connection arrangement for connecting two components in construction, in particular in timber construction. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] In timber construction, and in building construction in general, there are numerous connections between two or more structural components. Examples include connections between straight and curved beams, corner joints in frame structures, and cross joints between beams and columns, such as in multi-story frames.

[0003] In the prior art, such connections are known, for example, in the form of overlaps, where dowels and construction screws are used as fasteners. Due to the unfavorable force flow, and in particular the deflection from the load-bearing plane and the flexibility of the dowels, these connections are comparatively weak and not very efficient. Connections using slotted plates are also known. Here, the structural elements to be joined can lie in the same load-bearing plane, which improves the force flow.

[0004] Besides the performance of the connection, the ease of assembly when joining components is an important criterion. Especially with heavy and very large components, it is advantageous if the connection can be made quickly and easily. This reduces the strain on personnel and machinery, which also leads to cost savings.

[0005] Another characteristic of component connections is the visibility of the fasteners. In more aesthetically ambitious construction projects, it is usually desirable to conceal fasteners, such as screws and metal sheets, from the viewer's eye as much as possible.

[0006] Documents EP 1 736 606 B1 and EP 3 211 146 B1, both of which are registered to the same holder as the present patent, each relate to generic connection arrangements of the prior art.

[0007] Document CN 209975728 U discloses a connection arrangement in which a screw is screwed through a sleeve, which is arranged in a first component, into a threaded bushing which is anchored in a second component.

[0008] In the system disclosed in document EP 1 926 864 B1, a dowel is inserted into each of the components to be joined. A pin and a sleeve are inserted into the dowel and pushed together to connect the components. The strength of the connection is based on deformations and stresses of the sleeve, dowel, and pin.

[0009] Document WO 2018 / 100499 A1 refers to connection assemblies designed for cyclically occurring loads. In this context, a connection assembly is proposed in which a round bar projects into a housing with a conical inner surface. A conical clamping element is slidably attached to the round bar and pressed against the conical inner surface of the housing by a spring. When a tensile force is applied to the round bar, this increases the clamping force of the clamping element. For assembly, two such connection assemblies, each with the round bar already inserted into the clamping element, are positioned on either side of a component and fastened using several screws and nuts. This makes assembly cumbersome. Furthermore, the housings and round bars are clearly visible to the observer from the outside.

[0010] Document KR 10-2197345 B1 shows a connection arrangement in which an elongated connecting element, attached to a first component, is inserted into a flange sleeve with a conical inner surface and clamped in place by means of a conical clamping element, in order to clamp a plate-shaped second component between the first component and the flange sleeve. Attaching the flange sleeve and the clamping element manually makes assembly cumbersome. Furthermore, the connection arrangement is limited to clamping the second component between two elements, and the flange sleeve remains visible from the outside.

[0011] Document DE 1 278 718 B relates to a device for anchoring a profiled tension rod. Two wedge jaws, held together by a spring ring, serve to hold the tension rod.

[0012] Document US 1,351,112 A describes a device for suspending loads in concrete ceilings. For this purpose, a housing with a conical inner surface is cast into the concrete. Inside the housing is a conical cast iron block into which the upper end of a threaded rod is screwed, from which a load can be suspended.

[0013] Document KR 2020 0048954 A relates to a device in which a conical housing is held in a rail, which in turn is anchored in a wooden component. Inside the conical housing is a clamping element for securing a steel cable. PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-performance connection arrangement for connecting two components in construction, which enables particularly simple assembly of the components.

[0015] To solve this problem, a connecting unit as specified in claim 1 is proposed. Furthermore, claim 11 specifies a connecting arrangement for such a connecting unit, and claim 12 specifies a method for connecting two components of such a connecting arrangement. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

[0016] The present invention provides a connecting unit for joining two (or more) components in construction, in particular for joining two wooden components in structural timber construction, which has a first component, a second component, at least one anchor element fixed in or on the first component with a connecting section, at least one housing part attached in or on the second component with a conical or wedge-shaped inner surface, and a clamping part arranged in the housing part with a conical or wedge-shaped outer surface, wherein the clamping part, in a state connected to the anchor element, clamps the connecting section of the anchor element in such a way that, when a tensile force acts on the connecting section, the clamping part is pulled with its outer surface against the inner surface of the housing part, so that the clamping force acting on the connecting section is increased, and wherein the clamping part, in a state not connected to the anchor element, has a certain degree of freedom of movement relative to the inner surface of the housing part.

[0017] The range of motion of the clamping element is spatially limited in all directions when not connected.

[0018] By restricting the clamping element's range of motion in all directions when unconnected, the corresponding component, along with its attached housing and clamping element, can be freely transported and moved around the construction site and is always ready for assembly, i.e., connection to the other component. In particular, it is possible to pre-assemble the housing and clamping element onto the second component at a manufacturing facility, and also to fix the anchor element to or within the first component at the manufacturing facility. This means that, for final assembly on the construction site, preferably only the anchor element with its connecting section needs to be inserted into the clamping element to permanently connect the two components. This significantly simplifies handling and eliminates the risk of certain elements of the connection assembly being unavailable or even lost during assembly.

[0019] Preferably, the first and / or second component is made of wood. The connection arrangement can be specifically designed for the construction of timber structures and / or timber frame construction. However, the first and / or second component can also be made of concrete, plastic, or metal, such as steel. Naturally, it is also possible for the first component to be made of wood and the second of concrete. In principle, the two components can be made of any material, and any combination thereof is possible.

[0020] The first component and / or the second component can be, in particular, a column, a beam, a girder, a strut, or any other structural element. Any combination of component types is possible.

[0021] Preferably, the anchor element is fixed in the first component. Preferably, the housing part is also attached to the second component. Advantageously, the anchor element and the housing part are arranged at least partially, and preferably predominantly, inside the first and second components, respectively. With such a design, the connection arrangement can be configured such that, from the outside, only the first and second components are visible to the observer, but not the other connecting elements of the connection arrangement.

[0022] The conical surfaces of the clamping part and the housing part advantageously cause a force redirection in such a way that a tensile force acting on the anchor element, i.e. a force directed away from the second component, is redirected into a clamping force, so that the connecting section is clamped even more tightly by the clamping part.

[0023] To allow for a certain degree of freedom of movement when not connected to the anchor element, while simultaneously limiting this movement in all directions, the clamping element is preferably arranged in an interior space that is completely enclosed to the outside, except for an insertion opening for the connecting section. The freedom of movement is advantageously defined along a longitudinal center axis, which is defined by the conical surfaces of the housing part and the clamping element. Due to this freedom of movement, the connecting section can be inserted into the clamping element very easily, preferably by moving the clamping element slightly away from the conical inner surface of the housing part, causing it to expand.

[0024] The anchor element, the housing part, and the clamping part together form a connection unit of the connection arrangement. The connection arrangement can have one or more such connection units. By using several connection units, preferably arranged parallel to each other, the performance of the connection between the first and second components can be further increased. In this way, the connection arrangement is scalable with regard to arbitrarily large loads.

[0025] Preferably, the connection arrangement also includes a spring element that applies a spring force to the clamping part, pressing its outer surface against the inner surface of the housing part. The spring element can, in particular, be a coil spring. Due to the spring element, the clamping part's range of motion is still ensured, provided a certain counteracting force is exerted on the clamping part. Advantageously, the spring force of the spring element causes the clamping part, in the unconnected state, to rest with its conical or wedge-shaped outer surface against the conical or wedge-shaped inner surface of the housing part. This pre-positions the clamping part for the assembly of the first component onto the second component.The spring element also advantageously ensures that the clamping element immediately returns to its clamping position after the connecting section is inserted into the housing part, or even maintains this position permanently, meaning it remains in contact with the inner surface of the housing part. This effectively prevents the connecting section from being pulled out of the clamping element, even by a small amount.

[0026] Although preferred, the presence of a spring element is not strictly necessary. For example, in certain embodiments, gravity could be used to keep the clamping element in contact with the inner surface of the housing part. Alternatively, in other embodiments, a slight retraction of the connecting section from the housing part within certain limits might be acceptable. If a spring element is present, it need not be a coil spring. It could, for example, be a rubber-elastic ring.

[0027] The connecting section of the anchor element is preferably rod-shaped, i.e., cylindrical, and has a free end which can be inserted into the housing part and the clamping part to connect the two components. The connecting section then preferably extends along the longitudinal center axis defined by the conical surfaces of the housing part and the clamping part and is thereby completely enclosed by the clamping part and clamped in it.

[0028] The connecting section has a tapered free end. This makes the connecting section particularly easy to insert into the clamping part.

[0029] Advantageously, the connecting section of the anchor element has an increased surface roughness or profile, such as grooves or threads, on its outer surface and / or the clamping element has an increased surface roughness on its inner surface. This increases the frictional force generated during clamping between the connecting section and the clamping element. The increased surface roughness of the connecting section and / or the clamping element can be achieved, for example, by means of a surface coating. However, mechanical roughening of the surface(s) is preferred due to its ease of manufacture. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the clamping element has an internal thread or grooves, and the connecting section has a mechanically roughened outer surface.

[0030] The clamping element preferably has an overall conical shape with a through-hole extending along its longitudinal center axis. The clamping element is preferably designed to encompass and clamp the connecting section substantially circumferentially. Preferably, the clamping element comprises several, advantageously three, clamping elements. The clamping elements are advantageously all identical. An elastic element is preferably provided to hold the clamping elements together. The elastic element can be, for example, a spring washer or a rubber band. Advantageously, the clamping element has a preferably circumferential outer groove, which serves to receive the elastic element.

[0031] The anchor element is preferably a profiled rod that is fixed, in particular bonded, to the first component. For profiling purposes, the rod can have an external structure with raised and / or recessed areas. For example, it can have an external thread or grooves. Advantageously, the anchor element is bonded to the first component using an adhesive, such as an epoxy resin. Particularly when the first component is made of wood, this allows for a particularly strong and shear-resistant fixation of the anchor element.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, a second profiled rod is provided, which is fixed, in particular bonded, in the second component and serves to fasten the housing part to or within the second component. For profiling purposes, the second rod can also have an external structure with protrusions and / or depressions, such as an external thread or grooves. The second rod is advantageously bonded to the second component using an adhesive, in particular an epoxy resin. The housing part can, for example, be welded to or screwed onto the second rod. Preferably, however, it is attached to the second rod via screw connections through another component.

[0033] According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the connection arrangement comprises a hollow cylindrical housing which is attached to or within the second component. Preferably, the housing part can be screwed into the hollow cylindrical housing. In this case, the housing part has an external thread, and the hollow cylindrical housing has a complementary internal thread. The housing part and the hollow cylindrical housing thus preferably form a single interior space for receiving the clamping element and any spring element. The interior space thus formed is preferably accessible from the outside via an insertion opening for the connecting section, but is otherwise completely sealed off from the outside. If the housing part can be screwed into the hollow cylindrical housing via a threaded connection, this has the advantage that the connection between the first and second components can be released again by unscrewing the housing part.Furthermore, this simplifies the production of the connection arrangement.

[0034] The hollow cylindrical housing is advantageously arranged at least partially or even completely inside the second component and can, for example, be glued or screwed directly onto or into the second component. However, it is particularly preferred that the hollow cylindrical housing be screwed onto a profiled second rod for fastening to or within the second component. This second rod is fixed, in particular glued, into the second component. In this way, the hollow cylindrical housing is particularly firmly connected to the second component. In this case, the profiled rod has an external thread at least in its end region, and the hollow cylindrical housing has a complementary internal thread.

[0035] Preferably, the connection arrangement also includes a pressure plate or a flange nut, which is attached to the anchor element and serves to absorb compressive forces. When the two components are connected, the pressure plate or flange nut preferably rests against the housing part and / or, if present, against the hollow cylindrical housing. This allows compressive forces to be transmitted from the first to the second component or in the reverse direction.

[0036] The anchor element, the housing part, and the clamping part are preferably each made of a metal, particularly steel. Preferably, the hollow cylindrical housing, the compression spring, and the pressure plate or flange nut, if present, are also each made of a metal, particularly steel. Furthermore, it is preferred that the anchor element, the housing part, and the clamping part, as well as, if present, the hollow cylindrical housing, the compression spring, and the pressure plate or flange nut, are each formed as a single piece. In this way, the connection arrangement is not only particularly easy to manufacture, but a particularly strong connection between the two components can also be achieved.

[0037] The present invention also relates to a connecting unit for a connection arrangement, which is designed according to the above descriptions and is preferably designed for use in structural timber construction. The connecting unit comprises: An anchor element for fixing in or on a first component, with a connecting section, a housing part for fastening in or on a second component, with a conical or wedge-shaped inner surface, and a clamping part arranged in the housing part with a conical or wedge-shaped outer surface, wherein the clamping part, in a state connected to the anchor element, clamps the connecting section of the anchor element in such a way that, when a tensile force acts on the connecting section, the clamping part is pulled with its outer surface against the inner surface of the housing part, thus increasing the clamping force acting on the connecting section, and wherein, in a state not connected to the anchor element, the clamping part has a certain range of movement relative to the inner surface of the housing part, which, however, is spatially limited in all directions.

[0038] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for connecting a first component and a second component of a connection arrangement designed according to the above descriptions.The connection arrangement comprises at least one anchor element with a connecting section fixed in or on the first component and at least one housing part with a conical or wedge-shaped inner surface attached in or on the second component, and furthermore comprises a clamping part arranged in the housing part with a conical or wedge-shaped outer surface, wherein the clamping part, in a state connected to the anchor element, clamps the connecting section of the anchor element in such a way that, when a tensile force acts on the connecting section, the clamping part is pulled with its outer surface against the inner surface of the housing part, thus increasing the clamping force acting on the connecting section, and wherein, in a state not connected to the anchor element, the clamping part has a certain range of movement relative to the inner surface of the housing part, which is spatially limited in all directions.The procedure includes at least the step of inserting the connecting section of the anchor element into the clamping part in order to connect the first component and the second component together.

[0039] This method is primarily used in structural timber construction, where the first and / or second component is then made of wood. However, the method can also be used in combination with components made of other materials, such as concrete, plastic, or metal.

[0040] When the connecting section is inserted, the clamping element is preferably slightly expanded. Advantageously, an elastic element is provided which presses the clamping element against the connecting section, so that the clamping element rests against the outer surface of the connecting section after its insertion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Preferred embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the drawings, which serve only for illustration and are not to be interpreted restrictively. The drawings show: Fig. 1 a perspective view of a connection between a vertical column and a horizontal beam; Fig. 2 a perspective view of an intersection with a continuous beam and two supports arranged opposite it; Fig. 3 a perspective view of an intersection with a continuous column and two beams arranged opposite it; Fig. 4 a perspective view of a connection between a vertical column and a sloping beam; Fig. 5 a perspective view of a connection between another vertical column and a sloping beam; Fig. 6 a perspective view of a connection between a beam and a column at another column; Fig. 7 a perspective view of another connection between a beam and a column; Fig. 8 a perspective view of a connection between two columns; Fig.9 a perspective view of an intersection with a continuous beam and two beams arranged opposite each other on this beam; Fig. 10 a perspective view of a connection of two struts; Fig. 11a a sectional view through a connection arrangement according to a first embodiment of the invention, in the unconnected state; Fig. 11a a sectional view through the connection arrangement of the . Fig. 11a , in the connected state; Fig. 12a a detail view of the dashed-outlined area of ​​the Fig. 11a ; Fig. 12 leg Detail view of the dashed-outlined area of ​​the Fig. 11b ; Fig. 13a a perspective exploded view of a connection arrangement according to a second embodiment of the invention, without first and second components; Fig. 13a a perspective view of the connection arrangement of the Fig. 13a , in the unconnected state and without the first and second components; Fig. 13c a perspective view of the connection arrangement of the Fig. 13a , in the connected state and without first and second components; Fig. 14a a perspective exploded view of a connection arrangement according to a third embodiment of the invention, without first and second components; Fig. 14a a perspective view of the connection arrangement of the Fig. 14a , in the unconnected state and without the first and second components; Fig. 14c a perspective view of the connection arrangement of the Fig. 14a , in the connected state and without the first and second components; Fig. 15 a perspective view of the pressure plate of the connection arrangement of the Fig. 13a ; Fig. 16 a perspective view of the compression spring of the connection assembly of the Fig. 13a ; Fig. 17 a perspective view of the cone housing of the connection arrangement of the Fig. 13a ; Fig. 18 a perspective view of the hollow cylindrical housing of the connection assembly of the Fig. 13a; Fig. 19 a perspective view of the clamping part of the connection arrangement of the Fig. 13a ; and Fig. 20 a perspective view of the flange nut of the connection arrangement of the Fig. 14a . DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EXECUTION FORMS

[0042] The Figures 1 to 10 The diagrams show various possible intersection or connection points of building components. The connection arrangement according to the invention is suitable for connecting the components in all the diagrams shown. Figures 1 to 10The intersection or connection points shown are shown. The components shown are preferably wooden components. Accordingly, the connection arrangement is preferably suitable for use in structural timber construction, especially in frame construction. The wooden components can be made of hardwood or softwood. In principle, however, it is also possible to use the connection arrangement according to the invention in other areas of construction, such as in concrete construction. Accordingly, the components shown in the Figures 1-10 The components shown may also be made of concrete, plastic or a metal, such as steel in particular.

[0043] In all the Figures 1-10 In the cases shown, at least two components are in contact with each other with their front and / or side surfaces, thus forming an intersection or connection point.

[0044] In the Figure 1A connection point is shown where a vertical support a rests with its end face against a side surface of a horizontal beam c. The beam c thus rests on the support a.

[0045] The Figure 2 shows a situation in which a vertical support a or b rests against a side surface of a horizontally running beam from above or below, respectively, thereby forming an intersection point.

[0046] In the Figure 3 Two horizontal beams c, d abut a vertical support a with their respective end faces from opposite sides.

[0047] The Figure 4 shows an inclined support c which rests on an end face of a vertical support a and thus forms a connection point.

[0048] The Figure 5shows another support c, which also rests on an end face of a vertical support a, which is here somewhat wider, and is connected to it at the resulting connection point.

[0049] In the Figure 6 The diagram shows an intersection point between two supports a and b and a beam c. The two supports a and b are connected to each other, and the beam c is connected laterally to support a and upwards to support b.

[0050] In the situation shown in Figure 7, a support c rests with its end face against a side surface of a vertical support a and thus forms a connection point.

[0051] The Figure 8 shows a first support a, on whose upwardly repelling end face a second support b is arranged such that the second support b forms a continuation of the lower first support a upwards.

[0052] In the Figure 9 A continuous horizontal beam c is shown, to which two further horizontal beams e and d abut from opposite sides. Beam e forms the continuation of beam d in its longitudinal direction on the opposite side of beam c.

[0053] In the Figure 10 Two diagonal struts g, h are shown, which lie against each other at their ends and are connected to each other, so that the strut h forms a continuation of the strut g.

[0054] The connection arrangement according to the invention can be used in any of the configurations described in the Figures 1 to 10 The situations shown can be used to achieve a firm connection of the respective components ah at the illustrated connection and intersection points.

[0055] In the Figures 11a to 14cVarious embodiments of connection arrangements according to the invention, as well as parts thereof, are shown. Elements with the same or similar functions or effects are each provided with the same reference numeral. In the Figures 15 to 20 Individual elements of these connection arrangements are each shown in isolation.

[0056] In the Figures 11a and 11b A connection arrangement according to a first embodiment according to the invention is exemplary for the case of the situation of Figure 8 shown. While the two components a and b are shown in the view of the Figure 11a Being spaced apart from each other and therefore unconnected, they are, in the view of Figure 11b by means of the elements of the connection arrangement according to the invention, firmly connected to one another, i.e. fixed to one another.

[0057] For example, in the Figure 11a in conjunction with the detailed view of the Figure 12aAs can be clearly seen, two identically designed connecting units are provided for connecting the two components a, b, each comprising a first profiled steel rod 1, a conical housing 4, a clamping element 5, a hollow cylindrical housing 3, a compression spring 6 and a second profiled steel rod 2.

[0058] The profiled steel rods 1 and 2 each form the anchor elements of the connecting units in components b and a. All these anchor elements are preferably pre-assembled in components a and b at the factory. The profiled steel rods 1 and 2 are threaded rods, meaning that they each have an external thread on their outer surfaces. In the case of profiled steel rod 2, this external thread preferably extends over the entire length of the respective rod. In the case of profiled steel rod 1, the external thread extends over a predominant portion of the rod's length. Particularly when components a and b are wooden components, the profiled steel rods 1 and 2 are preferably bonded rigidly in a bore in components a and b, respectively. For this purpose, an adhesive is applied between the outer surface of the respective profiled steel rod 1 and 2.2 and the inner surface of the bore of component a or b. The adhesive can be, in particular, an epoxy resin. The external structure of the respective profiled steel rod 1, 2, which features local protrusions and depressions due to the thread, improves the fixation of the steel rod in the components. In this way, an extremely strong fixation of the profiled steel rods in component a or b can be achieved, which is particularly resistant to shear and tensile stress.

[0059] The two profiled steel rods 1 anchored in the second component b each have a connecting section 11 that projects downwards, i.e., towards the first component a. The connecting sections 11 do not have threads on their outer surface, but preferably have a mechanically roughened outer surface. The connecting sections 11 taper to a point at their respective free ends. The connecting sections 11 of the two in the Figure 11a The visible connecting units extend parallel to each other from component b downwards.

[0060] Immediately above the connecting sections 11, the profiled steel rods 1 are screwed with their external thread into an internal thread 71, which is provided within a bore of a pressure plate 7. The pressure plate 7 thus connects the two profiled steel rods 1 to each other. As shown in the Figure 11a As can be seen, the pressure plate 7 is preferably arranged in a recess of component b such that the underside of the pressure plate 7 is flush with the surrounding underside of component b. The pressure plate 7 serves in particular to absorb and transmit compressive forces acting from the first component b to the second component a, or vice versa.

[0061] Furthermore, the pressure plate 7 ensures a constant distance between the two connecting sections 11 with regard to any material expansion of component b.

[0062] As in the Figure 12a and 12b As can be seen, the profiled steel rods 2 fixed in the second component b each protrude a short distance into a cylindrical depression which is formed in the area of ​​the top of component b.

[0063] The hollow cylindrical housing 3 is screwed onto each of the profiled steel bars 2. For this purpose, the hollow cylindrical housing 3 has a corresponding first internal thread 31. Longitudinally above this first internal thread 31, the hollow cylindrical housing 3 forms a cylindrical, upwardly open interior space, which is surrounded in its upper section by a second internal thread 32. The second internal thread 32, which has a considerably larger diameter than the first internal thread 31, serves to screw the cone housing 4 into the hollow cylindrical housing 3. Preferably, a section of the hollow cylindrical housing 3 has a threadless inner surface in the longitudinal direction between the first internal thread 31 and the second internal thread 32. This prevents the cone housing 4 from being screwed too far into the hollow cylindrical housing 3.The outer surface of the hollow cylindrical housing 3 is preferably smooth (see also . Figure 18 ).

[0064] The cone housing 4 (see also Figure 17 The cone housing 4 forms a housing part, which preferably has a hollow cylindrical shape with a conical inner surface 42. The outer surface of the cone housing 4 preferably has an upper unthreaded section and a longer lower section with an external thread 41, extending longitudinally from top to bottom. The external thread 41 serves to screw the cone housing 4 into the second internal thread 32 of the hollow cylindrical housing 3. The unthreaded upper section can serve to prevent the cone housing 4 from being screwed too far into the hollow cylindrical housing 3. The smooth inner surface 42 of the cone housing 4 widens conically in the longitudinal direction from top to bottom, i.e., towards the hollow cylindrical housing 3.

[0065] As in the Figure 12a As can be seen, the hollow cylindrical housing 3, the conical housing 4 and the profiled steel rod 2 together define an interior space in which the clamping element 5 and the compression spring 6 are arranged.

[0066] The clamping part 5, which is positioned alone in the Figure 19 As shown, in the present embodiment, the clamping element 5 has three identically designed clamping elements 52, which are arranged directly adjacent to one another around a central cylindrical through-opening of the clamping part 5. A spring ring 54, which is arranged in a circumferential groove 53, elastically holds the three clamping elements 52 together. Together, the three clamping elements 52 form a smooth, conical outer surface 51 of the clamping part 5. As shown in the Figure 12aAs can be seen, the conical outer surface 51 of the clamping element 5 is designed to be complementary to the conical inner surface 42. The clamping element 5 is arranged in the conical housing 4 such that the conical outer surface 51 widens downwards in the longitudinal direction and abuts the conical inner surface 42 of the conical housing 4. The cylindrical inner surface of the clamping element 5 preferably has a structure with local protrusions and / or depressions, such as, in particular, an internal thread or a groove. Alternatively, the inner surface can also be mechanically roughened.

[0067] The compression spring 6 (see the Figure 12a and 16The compression spring 6, which forms a coil spring, is located inside the hollow cylindrical housing 3 between the profiled steel rod 2 and the clamping element 5. The hollow cylindrical housing 3 forms a lower stop surface for the compression spring 6. The compression spring 6 rests against the underside of the clamping element 5 in such a way that it exerts an upward spring force on the clamping element 5, i.e., towards the conical housing 4. The compression spring 6 is centered by the upper free end of the profiled steel rod 2, which projects slightly into the interior of the hollow cylindrical housing 3 and into the compression spring 6 itself.

[0068] As from the Figure 12aAs can be seen, the clamping element 5, in the unconnected state of the connection arrangement (i.e., when the clamping element 5 is not connected to the anchor element 1), has a certain degree of freedom of movement relative to the conical inner surface 42 of the cone housing 4: The clamping element 5 can be moved downwards into the hollow cylindrical housing 3 when the spring force of the compression spring 6 is overcome. At the same time, the compression spring 6 ensures that the clamping element 5, in the unconnected state, always rests with its outer surface 51 against the inner surface 42 of the cone housing 4. However, the freedom of movement of the clamping element 5 is limited in all spatial directions by the cone housing 4 and the hollow cylindrical housing 3. This ensures that the clamping element 5 is already centered in its intended position during storage and transport of component a, in order to form the connection with the connecting section 11 fixed in the other component B during assembly.

[0069] To connect the two components a and b, simply proceed as shown in the Figure 12bAs shown, the connecting section 11, protruding from component b, is pushed through the central through-opening formed in the conical housing 4 into the interior of the clamping part 5 until the pressure plate 7 comes into contact with the conical housing 4. Pushing in the connecting section 11 displaces the clamping part 5 downwards into the hollow cylindrical housing 3 against the spring force exerted by the compression spring 6. This moves the conical outer surface 51 of the clamping part 5 away from the inner surface 42 of the conical housing 4, allowing the clamping elements 52 to be pushed radially outwards. The connecting section 11 can thus be easily advanced into the interior of the clamping part 5, with the tapered free end of the connecting section 11 facilitating its insertion and the spreading apart of the clamping elements 52.The compression spring 6 simultaneously ensures that the clamping element 5, with its conical outer surface 51, rests directly against the conical inner surface 42 of the cone housing 4 when the connecting section 11 is fully advanced into the clamping element 5. The connecting section 11 is thereby clamped by the clamping element 5, which is wedged between the cone housing 4 and the connecting section 11. Withdrawal of the connecting section 11, once advanced into the clamping element 5, is prevented, as any tensile force acting on the connecting section 11 causes the clamping element 5, with its outer surface 51, to be pulled against the inner surface 42 of the cone housing 4, thereby pressing the clamping elements 52 even more firmly against the connecting section 11.

[0070] To fix component b to component a, only the connecting section 11 needs to be inserted into the clamping part 5. No further actions, such as tightening screws or other fasteners, are necessary. As shown in the Figure 11b As can be seen, the connection arrangement can be designed so that, in the connected state, all elements of the connection unit are not visible to an observer from the outside.

[0071] If the connection arrangement is to be separable in certain embodiments, it can, for example, be designed such that the upper unthreaded section of the cone housing 4 remains accessible from the outside when the arrangement is connected and can be rotated, for example, using a special tool. To separate the connection arrangement, the cone housing 4 can then simply be unscrewed from the hollow cylindrical housing 3.

[0072] In the Figures 13a to 13c Another embodiment of a connecting unit for a connection arrangement according to the invention is shown, which differs from that of the Figures 11a to 12b The only difference is that the pressure plate 7 here has only a single bore with an internal thread 71. The pressure plate 7 is also in the Figure 15 shown.

[0073] In addition, in the Figures 14a to 14c The further embodiment of a connecting unit shown for a connection arrangement according to the invention differs from that of the Figures 13a to 13c A flange nut 8 is provided instead of a pressure plate 7. The flange nut 8, which is located in the Figure 20The component shown in isolation, like the pressure plate 7, is attached to the lower end of the profiled steel rod 1 by means of a threaded connection. The flange serves to absorb compressive forces from the lower component b and transfer them to the upper component a, or vice versa.

[0074] The present invention is, of course, not limited to the embodiments described above, and a multitude of modifications are possible. For example, the hollow cylindrical housing 3 is not strictly necessary. Embodiments are conceivable in which the conical housing 4 is screwed directly onto the profiled steel rod 2, or in which even the profiled steel rod 2 is omitted and the conical housing 4 is screwed directly into the component b, for example, by means of an external thread and / or bonded to it with an adhesive. If the component b is made of a metal, it would also be conceivable for the connecting section 11, which forms the anchor element, to be integrally connected to it or welded to it. The anchor elements 1, 2 could also be anchored in the respective component by means of a dowel, particularly in the case of concrete components.The compression spring 6 can also be omitted if a certain amount of play is tolerated when retracting the connecting section 11 from the clamping part 5, or if, for example, gravity is used to keep the clamping part 5 in contact with the conical housing 4. Furthermore, the clamping part 5 and the housing part 4 do not necessarily have to have conical surfaces. In another embodiment, the clamping part 5 and the housing part 4 could, for example, be replaced by adjacent wedge elements, each with planar inclined surfaces. For instance, the wedge element 5 could have two opposing wedge-shaped outer surfaces, and the housing part 4 could have two opposing wedge-shaped inner surfaces. The sectional view would then be the same as in the [reference]. Figure 12a and 12bThe connecting section 11 could also be plate-shaped in this case. Numerous other modifications and variations are possible. REFERENCE MARK LIST

[0075] away support 4 Conical housing c, d, e carrier 41 external thread f bar 42 Conical inner surface g, h strut 5 Clamping part 1 Profiled steel bar 51 Conical outer surface 11 Connection section 52 Clamping element 12 external thread 53 circumferential groove 54 spring washer 2 Profiled steel bar 21 external thread 6 Compression spring 3 Hollow cylindrical housing 7 printing plate 31 First internal thread 71 internal thread 32 Second internal thread 8 Flange nut

Claims

1. Connecting unit for connecting two components (a-h) in construction industry, comprising an anchor element (1) for fixation in or to a first component (a-h), with a connecting section (11), a housing part (4) for fastening in or on a second component (a-h), with a conical or wedge-shaped inner surface (42), and a clamping part (5) arranged in the housing part (4) with a conical or wedge-shaped outer surface (51), wherein the clamping part (5), when connected to the anchor element (1), clamps the connecting section (11) of the anchor element (1) in such a way that, when a tensile force acts on the connecting section (11), the clamping part (5) is pulled with its outer surface (51) against the inner surface (42) of the housing part (4), thereby increasing the clamping force acting on the connecting section (11), wherein the clamping part (5), in a state in which it is not connected to the anchor element (1), has a certain freedom of movement relative to the inner surface (42) of the housing part (4), and wherein the freedom of movement of the clamping part (5) in the unconnected state is spatially limited in all directions, characterized in that the connecting section (11) of the anchor element (1) has a tapered free end.

2. Connection unit according to claim 1, wherein the first component (a-h) and the second component (a-h) are each a wooden component.

3. Connection unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a spring element (6) is also provided, which applies a spring force to the clamping part (5) in order to press the clamping part (5) with its outer surface (51) against the inner surface (42) of the housing part (4).

4. Connection unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting section (11) of the anchor element (1) comprises an increased surface roughness or a profile, such as for example a groove or a thread, on its outer surface and / or the clamping part (5) comprises an increased surface roughness or a profile, such as for example a groove or a thread, on an inner surface.

5. Connection unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamping part (5) comprises several, preferably three, clamping elements (52) and an elastic element (54) for holding the clamping elements (52) together.

6. Connection unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the anchor element (1) is a profiled first rod which is fixed, in particular glued, in the first component (a-h).

7. Connection unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a profiled second rod (2) is provided, which is fixed, in particular glued, in the second component (ah) and serves to fasten the housing part (4) in or on the second component (a-h).

8. Connection unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a hollow cylindrical housing (3) is fastened in or on the second component (a-h), into which the housing part (4) can be screwed.

9. Connection unit according to claim 8, wherein the hollow cylindrical housing (3) can be screwed onto a profiled second rod (2) for fastening in or on the second component, which profiled second rod (2) is fixed, in particular glued, in the second component (a-h).

10. Connection unit according to one of the preceding claims, additionally comprising a pressure plate (7) or flange nut (8) which is attached to the anchor element (1) and serves to absorb compressive forces.

11. Connection arrangement comprising a first component (a-h) of construction industry, a second component (a-h) of construction industry, and a connecting unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the anchor element (1) of the connecting unit serves for fixation in or to the first component (a-h) and the housing part (4) of the connecting unit serves for fastening in or on the second component (a-h).

12. Method for connecting a first component and a second component by means of a connecting unit of a connecting arrangement according to claim 11, wherein the anchor element (1) of the connecting unit is fixed in or to the first component (a-h) and the housing part (4) of the connecting unit is fastened in or on the second component (a-h), and wherein the method comprises at least the step of inserting the connecting section (11) of the anchor element (1) into the clamping part (5) of the connecting unit arranged in the housing part (4) in order to connect the first component (a-h) and the second component (a-h) to each other.

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