Method of securing a bay in a wall on a construction site

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for securing a bay (1) of a wall (2) on a construction site by means of two supports (4) and a guardrail tube (3), each support (4) comprising: - a fixing means (5) configured to allow partial fixing of the support (4) to the wall (2) in which rotation of said support (4) relative to the wall (2) is possible, and - an opening (7) configured to be crossed by the guardrail tube (3), said method comprising the following steps: - partial fixing of the supports (4) on the wall (2), on either side of said bay (1), - for each support (4), insertion of the guardrail tube (3) into said opening (7), - rotation of said supports (4), until the guardrail tube (3) is in the locked position. The invention also relates to a device for implementing said method. Figure for abstract: Fig 3

Description

Title of the invention: Method for securing a bay in a wall on a construction site Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of construction. It relates more particularly to a method for securing a bay in a wall on a construction site. The invention makes it possible in particular to fix a guardrail at the level of a bay in a particularly simple and rapid manner. Prior art

[0002] Construction sites must comply with a certain number of safety rules, in order not to endanger the physical integrity of the various people working on these sites. The bays of the exterior walls, in particular, must be secured to prevent any falls. To this end, it is usual to have a guardrail crossing the bay and fixed to the wall on either side of the bay by means of supports.

[0003] Such supports are proposed in the state of the art, for example in documents CN115434530 A and US20190264497 AL These solutions are simple and effective, but not very practical. Indeed, they require several steps in order to install or remove the guardrail, which is tedious and wastes time, especially for construction sites in which it is regularly necessary to retract and then reassemble the guardrails.

[0004] The technical problem that the present invention aims to solve is therefore to propose a method for securing a bay in a wall that allows the guardrail to be mounted and dismounted very quickly and simply from its supports. Statement of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a method for securing a bay in a wall on a construction site by means of two supports and a guardrail tube, each support comprising: - a means for fixing the support to said wall, configured to allow partial fixing of the support to the wall in which rotation of said support relative to the wall is possible, along a horizontal axis of rotation perpendicular to said wall, and - an opening whose plane has, with said axis of rotation, an angle strictly less than 90°, said opening being configured to be crossed by the guardrail tube, and so that when the longitudinal axis of the guardrail tube is perpendicular to the plane of the opening, the guardrail tube is in the unlocked position and can slide freely along said opening, and when the axis of the guardrail tube has a angle less than a value between 45 and 85 ° with the plane of the opening, the guardrail tube is blocked in the locked position, pinched in the opening.

[0006] Said method comprises the following steps: - partial fixing of the supports on the wall, on either side of said bay - for each support, insertion of the guardrail tube into said opening, the support being positioned so that the guardrail tube is in the unlocked position, - rotation of said supports along said axis of rotation, until the guardrail tube is in the locked position in the openings of the supports.

[0007] Thanks to these provisions, the wall can be secured reliably, by means of a particularly simple and rapid process, in which the parts used are simple to manufacture, inexpensive, and reusable.

[0008] During the step of rotating the supports until the guardrail tube is in the locked position, the guardrail tube can be moved downwards, which is an easier embodiment to implement, and safer, for an operator.

[0009] The means for fixing the support to the wall may be configured to allow complete fixing without allowing any movement of the support relative to the wall, said method being able to further comprise the following step, during or after the guardrail tube is placed in the locked position in the openings of the supports: - complete fixing of the supports to the wall.

[0010] These provisions make it possible to reduce the risk of the guardrail tube accidentally moving into the unlocked position, and thus reinforce the reliability of securing the bay by the method according to the invention.

[0011] The step of rotating said supports along said axis of rotation, until the guardrail tube is in the locked position in the openings of the supports, may comprise the following sub-steps: - first part of the rotation, driven by the weight of the guardrail tube and / or a manual push on the guardrail tube downwards, and - second part of the rotation, driven by the complete fixing of the supports on the wall.

[0012] These arrangements make it possible to prevent the complete fixing of the supports from risking the guardrail tube moving into the unlocked position, and make it possible to reinforce the locking of the guardrail tube by increasing the pinching forces to which it is subjected in the opening.

[0013] For each support, after the first part of the rotation, the straight line parallel to the wall passing through the axis of rotation of the supports and the center of the opening may have an angle greater than or equal to 15° with the horizontal, which makes it possible to sufficiently offset the guardrail tube vertically to access a fixing means which is located at the level of the axis of rotation of the support.

[0014] For each support, the means of fixing to the wall can be a screw, and the second part of the rotation is carried out by tightening said screw, which is a simple and robust embodiment of the invention.

[0015] For each support, the opening may have a shape having at least three sides, and when the guardrail tube is in the locked position, the guardrail tube may be in contact with at least three sides of the opening, which reinforces the stability of the guardrail tube in its locked position, and thus makes the securing method according to the invention more reliable.

[0016] For each support, the opening may have a hexagonal shape, comprising four sides of a first length, and two opposite sides, of a second length greater than the first length, which is a simple and effective embodiment of the invention, allowing in particular four points of contact between the support and the guardrail tube in the locked position.

[0017] For each support, the distance between the plane of the opening and the axis of rotation may be greater than or equal to 5 cm, which allows that when the guardrail tube pulls the support downwards with its weight, the guardrail tube is no longer opposite the axis of rotation, and that access to a fixing means located at the level of this axis is facilitated.

[0018] Each support may consist of a metal plate folded in two at an angle of between 85 and 95°, preferably 90°, which is a simple and robust embodiment of the invention.

[0019] When the guardrail tube is in the locked position, the straight line parallel to the wall passing through the axis of rotation of the supports and the center of the section of the guardrail at the level of the opening can have an angle of between 25 and 45° with the horizontal, which allows a certain margin to be provided for finding the locked position when assembling or disassembling the guardrail tube, and thus to simplify the implementation of the method according to the invention.

[0020] The present invention also relates to a device for securing a bay in a wall on a construction site, for implementing a securing method according to the invention, comprising at least one guardrail tube, and two supports per guardrail tube.

[0021] Thanks to these provisions, the wall can be secured reliably, by means of a particularly simple and rapid process, in which the parts used are simple to manufacture, inexpensive, and reusable. Brief description of the drawings

[0022] The present invention and its advantages will appear better in the following description of several embodiments given as non-limiting examples, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:

[0023] [Fig-1] [Fig. 1] is a schematic front view of a wall secured by the method according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, [Fig.2] [Fig.2] is an enlarged view of the detail inscribed in circle F of [Fig.l], [Fig.3] [Fig.3] is a perspective view of the detail of [Fig.2], [Fig.4] [Fig.4] is a view of the position of a guardrail tube in the opening of a support, according to the embodiment of [Fig.l], with a step A in which the guardrail tube is in the unlocked position, and a step B in which the guardrail tube is in the locked position, [Fig.5] [Fig.5] is a perspective view of the support of figures 1 to 3. Description of the embodiments

[0024] In the illustrated embodiments, identical elements or parts bear the same reference numbers. Furthermore, terms which have a relative meaning, such as vertical, horizontal, right, left, front, rear, above, below, etc. must be interpreted under normal conditions of use of the invention, and as shown in the figures. Furthermore, the geometric positions indicated in the description and the claims, such as “perpendicular”, “parallel”, “symmetrical” are not limited to the strict sense defined in geometry, but extend to geometric positions which are close, that is to say which accept a certain tolerance in the technical field considered, without influence on the result obtained. This tolerance is notably introduced by the adverb “substantially”, without this term necessarily being repeated before each adjective.

[0025] The securing method according to the invention, an example of which is illustrated in Figures 1 to 5, makes it possible to secure a bay 1 of a wall 2 on a construction site, by fixing a guardrail tube 3 to the wall 2, by means of two supports 4 arranged on either side of the bay 1.

[0026] Each support 4 is fixed to the wall 2 by means of a fixing means 5. The fixing means 5 allows a mode of partial fixing of the support 4 to the wall 2, in which a rotation of the support 4 relative to the wall 2 is possible, along an axis of rotation 6 horizontal and perpendicular to the wall 2. In partial fixing, any other movement of the support 4 relative to the wall 2 is blocked. In particular, in this mode, the supports 4 can together support the weight of the railing tube 3 and remain fixed to the wall 2, without falling. The fixing means 5 also preferably allows a mode of complete fixing of the support 4 to the wall 2, in which any movement of the support 4 relative to the wall 2 is blocked.

[0027] Each support 4 comprises a through opening 7 defined by a contour formed by the material of the support 4 around the opening 7. Along this contour, the support 4 has a reduced thickness, preferably between 2 and 5 mm, for example 3 mm. Thus, when the plane of the opening 7 is mentioned, this is the plane in which the contour is inscribed, the latter being defined in a thickness of material sufficiently thin to be considered by approximation as being flat.

[0028] The opening 7 is configured to be crossed by the guardrail tube 3. It is therefore at the level of the openings 7 that the guardrail tube 3 is held in position to secure the bay 1 of the wall 2.

[0029] The plane of the opening 7, that is to say the plane defined by the above-mentioned contour, has, with said axis of rotation 6, an angle of less than 90°. This is necessary in order to pass through it the guardrail tube, which is ideally placed when it is mounted parallel to the wall, or almost, or perpendicular, to the axis of rotation 6. The angle between the plane of the opening 7 and the axis of rotation 6 is preferably less than 45°. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the plane of the opening 7 is parallel to the axis of rotation 6, which makes it possible to use an opening 7 having a minimal section to pass through it the guardrail tube 3.

[0030] When the axis of the guardrail tube 3 is perpendicular to the plane of the opening 7, in other words when the opening 7 has a maximum section through which the guardrail tube 3 can pass, the respective geometries of the opening 7 and of the guardrail tube 3 allow the guardrail tube 3 to slide freely in the opening 7. It is then said to be in the unlocked position, a position which is used to insert the guardrail tube 3 into the openings 7 of the supports 4, or to remove it from these openings 7, and thus mount or dismount the guardrail tube from its position for securing the bay 1. The unlocked position is not limited to an angle of exactly 90° between the axis of the guardrail tube and the plane of the opening 7, otherwise it would be tedious for an operator to search for this position when implementing the method according to the invention.We can imagine, for example, that we are in the unlocked position when the angle formed by the longitudinal axis of the guardrail tube 3 and the opening 7 is greater than or equal to 75, 80, or even 85°.

[0031] On the other hand, when the axis of the guardrail tube 3 has with the plane of the opening 7 an angle less than a blocking threshold value, which is for example between 45 and 85°, preferably between 45 and 65°, the guardrail tube 3 is pinched in the opening 7, by the contour of the opening 7. The guardrail tube 3 is then blocked in position, and can no longer slide inside the opening 7. It is then said to be in the locked position, a position which is used to place the guardrail tube 3 in the position for securing the bay 1.

[0032] For each support 4, the opening 7 can take any shape suitable for the invention, for example a circular shape. The opening 7 preferably has a shape having at least three sides, and these three sides are arranged so that when the guardrail tube 3 is in the locked position, it is in contact with each of these three sides. This characteristic allows more reliable maintenance of the guardrail tube 3 in the locked position, than if the opening 7 has, for example, a circular shape. Indeed, if the opening 7 has a circular shape, when the support 4 rotates around the axis of rotation 6, the opening 7 presents the guardrail tube 3 with an elliptical shape. If the opening 7 and the guardrail tube 3 both have circular sections, only two points of contact are obtained between the guardrail tube 3 and the support 4 in the locked position, which provides less reliable maintenance than with three points of contact.However, it is possible to use an opening shape 7 allowing two, three, four, five, or more points of contact between the guardrail tube 3 and the support 4 when the guardrail tube 3 is in the locked position.

[0033] In an embodiment illustrated in Figures 2 to 5, the opening 7 has a hexagonal shape. This shape is not a hexagon in the strict sense, in that all the sides do not have the same length. More precisely, four sides, intended to be in contact with the guardrail tube in the locked position, have a first length, and the other two sides, which are opposite sides of the hexagon, have a second length greater than the first length. The first length is preferably between 16 and 24 mm, for example 20 mm. The second length is preferably between 20 and 28 mm, for example 24 mm. These lengths are of course to be adapted according to the section of the guardrail tube 3. This shape allows that in the locked position, the guardrail tube 3 is in contact with four sides, which allows reliable support.The two most elongated sides, preferably arranged so as not to participate in the pinching of the guardrail tube 3 in the locked position, parallel to the wall 2, allow the angle of rotation between the locked and unlocked positions not to be too small, in other words a certain margin of rotation is possible while remaining in the unlocked position, which allows a user to find the unlocked position more easily when, on the one hand, he wishes to insert the guardrail tube 3 into the opening 7 during assembly, and on the other hand, remove the guardrail tube 3 from the opening 7 during disassembly.

[0034] [Fig. 4] illustrates an example of a position of a guardrail 3, relative to an opening 7, in an unlocked position (step A) and in a locked position (step B), with a view along an axis perpendicular to the plane of the opening 7. In step A, the guardrail tube 3 passes through the opening 7 along an axis substantially perpendicular to the plane of the opening 7, its section therefore appears in this plane as circular. The guardrail tube 3 can slide in the opening 7, since it is not not necessarily in contact with the contours of the opening 7. In step B, the guardrail tube 3 crosses the opening 7 along an axis forming an angle of less than 90°, for example of the order of 65°, with the plane of the opening 7. Its section therefore appears in this plane as elliptical. The guardrail tube 3 is in contact with the contour of the opening 7 at four distinct points, it is pinched and cannot slide in the opening 7.

[0035] As illustrated in Figures 2, 3 and 5, the supports 4 are preferably made of a metal plate folded in two, and comprising a first part 4a comprising the means 5 for fixing the support 4 to the wall 2 and intended to be pressed against the wall 2, and a second part 4b, perpendicular to the first part 4b, comprising the opening 7 and intended to extend from the wall 2 at an angle of between 85 and 95°, for example 90°. The first part 4a therefore allows the support 4 to be fixed to the wall 2, and the length of the first part 4a is determined as a function of the desired distance between the axis of rotation 6 and the second part 4b.The second part 4b makes it possible to form an opening 7 in a plane preferably perpendicular to the plane of the wall 2, the length of the second part 4b being determined as a function of the desired distance between the wall 2 and the opening 7, that is to say between the wall 2 and the guardrail tube 3 when it is in the locked position. The first part 4a has for example a rectangular shape, with a length preferably between 10 and 14 cm, for example 12 cm, and a width preferably between 5 and 7 mm, for example 6 cm. The second part 4b has for example a square shape, with a length preferably between 5 and 7 mm, for example 6 cm.

[0036] For each support 4, the means 5 for fixing the support 4 to the wall 2 may be a screw, located at the level of the axis of rotation 6, cooperating with sockets integrated into the wall 2. Other fixing means are possible within the framework of the present invention, such as chemical sealing or parts integrated into the wall, in particular when pouring the wall, such as anchoring studs, or even mounting rails.

[0037] As illustrated in Figures 2, 3 and 5, the support 4 can therefore be a simple manufacturing part, consisting of a rectangular metal plate, preferably with a thickness of between 2 and 5 mm, for example 3 mm, folded in order to define a first part 4a and a second part 4b, rectangular and preferably perpendicular to each other, the first part 4a comprising a hole configured to cooperate with a fixing means 5 such as a screw, and the second part 4b comprising an opening 7. Of course, the support 4 can be produced in other shapes without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0038] The guardrail tube 3 is a preferably metallic tube, preferably of circular section. Its length can be adapted according to the dimensions of bay 1 to be secured. Its external section can be between 25 and 45 mm, preferably between 30 and 40 mm, for example 34 mm.

[0039] The method according to the invention comprises the following steps: - partial fixing of the supports 4 on the wall 2, on either side of the bay 1. The distance between the two supports 4 is less than the length of the guardrail tube 3, - for each support 4, insertion of the guardrail tube 3 into the opening 7. To carry out this insertion, the support 4 is positioned, rotating around its axis of rotation 6, in order to present to the guardrail tube 3 a section large enough for the guardrail tube to be able to slide in the support 4, corresponding to the unlocked position described above. For example, in the embodiment of which an example is illustrated in figures 1 to 3, the support 4, following its partial fixing on the wall 2, is driven by its own weight into a position in which the plane of the opening 7 is horizontal, and is located under the axis of rotation 6.In this example, it is necessary to rotate the support 4 through an angle of approximately 90°, for example between 80 and 100°, so that the plane of the opening 7 is sufficiently close to the vertical to insert the guardrail tube 3. - rotation of the supports 4 along the axis of rotation 6, until the guardrail tube 3 is in the locked position in the openings 7 of the supports 4. This rotation is done at an angle allowing the guardrail tube 3 to pass from the unlocked mode to the locked mode as described above. This angle is therefore for example between 20 and 40°, for example of the order of 25°. During this rotation, the guardrail tube 3 is preferably moved downwards. This direction of movement makes it easier to carry out the operation, which requires less energy from the operator, and that the locked position of the guardrail tube 3 is maintained, by the weight of the guardrail tube 3 on the supports 4, even in the absence of complete fixing of the supports 4 on the wall 2.In some embodiments, the force exerted by the weight of the guardrail tube 3 and / or the pressure exerted by the operator on the guardrail tube downwards, makes it possible to pinch the guardrail tube 3 in the opening 7 in a sufficiently strong manner so that the level of securing of the bay 1 which results is satisfactory, which makes it possible to dispense with a complete fixing step. This also makes it possible to use a fixing means 5 allowing partial fixing, but not allowing complete fixing of the support 4 to the wall 2.

[0040] Preferably, the above method then comprises a step of completely fixing the supports 4 on the wall 2, in order to reliably secure the position of the guardrail tube 3. Indeed, in complete fixing, the supports 4 can no longer be moved in rotation, and the guardrail tube is therefore blocked in the locked position.

[0041] Advantageously, for each support 4, the distance between the plane of the opening 7 and the axis of rotation 6 is greater than or equal to 5 cm. Indeed, if this distance is too weak, in certain embodiments, the guardrail tube 3 passing through the opening 7 is not sufficiently far from the axis of rotation 6, which poses a problem when the means 5 for fixing the support 4 to the wall 2 is located at the level of the axis of rotation 6, for example when this means of fixing 5 is a screw, and it is necessary to reach the screw head to carry out the complete fixing of the support 4 to the wall 2.

[0042] When the guardrail tube 3 is in the locked position, the straight line parallel to the wall 2 passing through the axis of rotation of the supports 4 and the center of the section of the guardrail tube 3 at the level of the opening 7 has, for example, an angle of between 25 and 45° with the horizontal.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the means for fixing the supports 4 to the wall 2 are configured so that when tightening towards complete fixing, this tightening tends to cause a rotation of the supports 4 in the same direction of rotation as the rotation which takes place during the step of rotating the supports 4 until the railing tube 3 is in the locked position. For example, in the embodiment illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, this rotation is clockwise, and the fixing means 5 is a screw whose thread is oriented in such a way that the tightening direction of the screw is also clockwise. In this embodiment, it can then be provided that the step of rotating the supports 4 until the railing tube 3 is in the locked position takes place in two stages: - firstly, a first partial rotation of the supports 4 is carried out by pressing the guardrail tube 3 downwards and / or by allowing the weight of the guardrail tube 3 to act so that it moves downwards. At the end of this first partial rotation, each support 4 has for example been moved so that the straight line parallel to the wall 2, passing through the axis of rotation 6 and the center of the opening 7, has with the horizontal an angle greater than or equal to 15°, for example between 20 and 25°, - secondly, a second partial rotation completing the first partial rotation of the supports 4 is carried out by carrying out the complete fixing of the supports 4 on the wall 2, for example by tightening screws for fixing the supports 4 to the wall 2.

[0044] The invention also makes it possible to easily remove the guardrail tube 3 from its position securing the bay 1, by means of the following method: - if necessary, changing the fixing means 5 from a complete fixing to a partial fixing, - rotation of the supports 4 around the rotation axes 6, in order to move the guardrail tube 3 into the unlocked position, - translation of the guardrail tube 3 along the openings 7, until the guardrail tube comes out of the openings 7.

[0045] The invention of course makes it possible, as illustrated in [Fig. 1], to use two guardrail tubes 3, or more than two guardrail tubes 3, to secure a bay 1, each guardrail tube 3 cooperating with two supports 4 as described above. The method described above is then repeated as many times as the number of guardrail tubes 3.

[0046] In order to complete the securing of the bay 1, a plinth 8 can be placed at ground level, and fixed by known means, as illustrated in [Fig.l].

[0047] Once the progress of the work site no longer requires their use, the guardrail tube 3 as well as the supports 4 can be recovered to secure other bays 1, their use being particularly simple and requiring only two fixings on the wall 2 per guardrail tube 3.

[0048] The present invention is of course not limited to the embodiments described but extends to any modification and variant obvious to a person skilled in the art within the limits of the appended claims. Furthermore, the technical characteristics of the different embodiments and variants mentioned above may be, in whole or in some cases, combined with each other.

Claims

Claims

1. Method for securing a bay (1) of a wall (2) on a construction site by means of two supports (4) and a railing tube (3), each support (4) comprising: - a means (5) for fixing the support (4) to said wall (2), configured to allow partial fixing of the support (4) to the wall (2) in which rotation of said support (4) relative to the wall (2) is possible, along a horizontal axis of rotation (6) perpendicular to said wall (2), and - an opening (7) whose plane has, with said axis of rotation (6), an angle strictly less than 90°, said opening (7) being configured to be crossed by the railing tube (3), and so that when the longitudinal axis of the railing tube (3) is perpendicular to the plane of the opening (7), the railing tube (3) is in the unlocked position and can slide freely along said opening (7),and when the longitudinal axis of the guardrail tube (3) has an angle less than a value between 45 and 85° with the plane of the opening (7), the guardrail tube (3) is locked in the locked position, pinched in the opening (7), said method comprising the following steps: - partial fixing of the supports (4) on the wall (2), on either side of said bay (1), - for each support (4), insertion of the guardrail tube (3) into said opening (7), the support (4) being positioned so that the guardrail tube (3) is in the unlocked position, - rotation of said supports (4) along said axis of rotation (6), until the guardrail tube (3) is in the locked position in the openings (7) of the supports (4).,

2. A securing method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of rotating the supports (4) until the guardrail tube (3) is in the locked position, the guardrail tube (3) is moved downwards.

3. Securing method according to one of claims 1 or 2, in which the fixing means (5) of the support (4) to the wall (2) is configured to allow complete fixing without allowing any movement of the support (4) relative to the wall (2), said method further comprising the following step, during or after the setting in locked position of the guardrail tube (3) in the openings (7) of the supports (4): - complete fixing of the supports (4) on the wall (2).

4. Securing method according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the step of rotating said supports (4) along said axis of rotation (6), until the guardrail tube (3) is in the locked position in the openings (7) of the supports (4), comprises the following sub-steps: - first part of the rotation, driven by the weight of the guardrail tube (3) and / or a manual push on the guardrail tube (3) downwards, and - second part of the rotation, driven by the complete fixing of the supports (4) on the wall (2).

5. Securing method according to claim 4, in which for each support (4), after the first part of the rotation, the straight line parallel to the wall (2) passing through the axis of rotation of the supports (4) and the center of the opening (7) has an angle greater than or equal to 15° with the horizontal.

6. Securing method according to one of claims 4 or 5, in which for each support (4), the fixing means (5) to the wall is a screw, and the second part of the rotation is carried out by tightening said screw.

7. Securing method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that for each support (4), the opening (7) has a shape having at least three sides, and when the guardrail tube (3) is in the locked position, the guardrail tube (3) is in contact with at least three sides of the opening (7).

8. Securing method according to claim 7, characterized in that for each support (4), the opening (7) has a hexagonal shape, comprising four sides of a first length, and two opposite sides, of a second length greater than the first length.

9. Securing method according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which for each support (4), the distance between the plane of the opening (7) and the axis of rotation (6) is greater than or equal to 5 cm.

10. Securing method according to one of claims 1 to 9, in which each support (4) consists of a metal plate folded in two at an angle of between 85 and 95°.

11. Securing method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that when the guardrail tube (3) is in the locked position, the straight line parallel to the wall (2) passing through the axis of rotation (6) of the supports (4) and the center of the section of the guardrail (3) at the level of the opening (7) has an angle of between 25 and 45° with the horizontal.

12. Device for securing a bay (1) of a wall (2) on a construction site, for implementing a securing method according to one of claims 1 to 11, comprising at least one guardrail tube (3), and two supports (4) per guardrail tube (3).

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