Real estate transaction system

Abstract

To provide a real estate transaction system for recording a real estate transaction by using a block chain and including a settlement function.SOLUTION: A real estate transaction system for recording a history of buying and selling of a real estate includes NFT issuance means for issuing an NFT corresponding to a real estate to be a transaction object, settlement means for executing settlement for a real estate transaction, recording means for recording a real estate transaction including settlement by a block chain, and NFT transfer means for transferring an NFT from a seller to a buyer in the case that buying and selling of a real estate is established. The NFT transfer means transfers the NFT from the seller to the buyer when a transfer procedure by a specialist is completed. The real estate transaction system further includes credit providing pool means for pooling credit provision from a credit provider to a wallet of a DAO for managing the real estate transaction system, and transfer procedure request means requests a procedure to the specialist as establishment of a transaction in the case that the credit provision reaches a full amount.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a system for real estate transactions, and more particularly to a real estate transaction system using a blockchain. [Background technology]

[0002] Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3 describe the use of blockchain in real estate transactions. By using blockchain in real estate transactions, records of real estate transactions can be recorded on the blockchain, preventing tampering. In addition, it is possible for sellers and buyers to transact directly, eliminating the need for intermediaries and reducing transaction costs. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0003] [Non-Patent Document 1] "30 Things You Can Do with Blockchain" by Tatsuya Takizawa, pages 106-109, Gentosha, 2021 [Non-Patent Document 2] Edited by Kiji Akabane, "Blockchain: Mechanism and Theory, Revised and Expanded Edition," 80 pages, Rick Telecom, 2019 [Non-Patent Document 3] Consensus Base, Inc., "Illustrated, ready-to-use textbook for understanding the mechanism and development of blockchain in one book," 176 pages, Gijutsu Hyoronsha, 2019 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Previously, there had been consideration of recording real estate transactions on a blockchain, but no system had been proposed that took into account the entire real estate transaction, including payment and financing.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a real estate transaction system that uses a blockchain to record real estate transactions and has a settlement function. 。 In this embodiment, a real estate transaction system equipped with a financing function will also be considered. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following features. The present invention is a real estate transaction system that records the history of real estate sales and purchases on a blockchain, and includes an NFT issuing means for issuing NFTs corresponding to real estate that is the subject of a transaction, a settlement means for executing settlement for real estate transactions, a recording means for recording real estate transactions including settlement by blockchain, and an NFT transfer means for transferring the NFT from the seller to the buyer when the real estate sale is completed. The system is equipped with a DAO, which is a system for exercising voting rights in the real estate transaction system, and the settlement method is to transfer money to the DAO when a transfer is made from a buyer or seller. . Preferably, when a property sale is concluded, the DAO will transfer the payment to the seller. Preferably, when a property sale is completed, the DAO will transfer the funds to the DAO's profit wallet.

[0007] The real estate transaction system further includes a transfer procedure requesting means for requesting a specialist to carry out the transfer procedure when the sale and purchase of the real estate is concluded.

[0008] The NFT transfer method transfers the NFT from the seller to the buyer once the transfer procedures are completed by a professional.

[0009] The real estate transaction system further includes a credit provision pooling means for pooling credits provided by credit providers in the wallet of the DAO that operates the real estate transaction system, and a transfer procedure requesting means for requesting the procedure to an expert when the credit provision reaches its maximum amount, assuming that the transaction has been concluded.

[0010] The payment method pays the credit pooled in the DAO's wallet to the seller in conjunction with the transfer of the NFT from the seller to the buyer via the NFT transfer method.

[0011] The real estate transaction system further includes a down payment request means for requesting a down payment deposit from a buyer of real estate, and a down payment pooling means for pooling the down payment in the wallet of the DAO that operates the real estate transaction system once it has been transferred.

[0012] The real estate transaction system further includes a penalty fee request means for requesting a penalty fee deposit from the seller of the real estate, and a penalty fee pooling means for pooling the penalty fee in the wallet of the DAO that operates the real estate transaction system once it has been remitted.

[0013] Furthermore, the real estate transaction system includes a financing means for lending funds to buyers of real estate.

[0014] The real estate transaction system further comprises a loan payment means by which the buyer of the real estate makes a payment of the loan to the credit provider.

[0015] The real estate transaction system further comprises a legal action requesting means for requesting a professional to take legal action if the loan payment is not made. Effect of the Invention

[0016] According to the present invention, a real estate transaction system is provided that uses a blockchain to record real estate transactions and has a settlement function. 。 Furthermore, in the embodiment, a real estate transaction system having a financing function is provided.

[0017] These and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the entire real estate transaction system according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2]Figure 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the real estate trading system from registering the NFT of the real estate to be traded to the start of recruiting credit providers. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operations in the real estate transaction system from providing credit to closing the transaction and instructing the transfer procedure to the specialist. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a flowchart showing the operations in the real estate trading system from the completion of registration to the transfer of NFTs. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the real estate transaction system in the case where a loan is paid after the property is transferred to a buyer and where a loan payment is not made. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0019] In FIG. 1, the real estate transaction system includes a network 1 such as the Internet, a smart contract 2, a payment system 3, a real estate sales listing website 4, a buyer terminal 5, a credit provider terminal 6, and a seller terminal 7.

[0020] A smart contract2 is a program implemented on the blockchain that is executed according to pre-established rules in response to a transaction on the blockchain or information received from outside the blockchain.

[0021] Here, a system capable of sending and receiving virtual currency (crypto assets) on a blockchain on which a smart contract 2 is running is used as the payment system 3. However, any system may be used as the payment system 3. For example, a payment system using electronic money, a payment system using a credit card, a payment system using an account transfer, a two-dimensional barcode payment system, or any other payment system may be used.

[0022] For example, voting rights for a DAO (Decentralized Autonomous Organization) in a real estate trading system can be realized with Ethereum's ERC20. Also, NFTs can be realized with Ethereum's ERC721. Also, payments with electronic money can be realized with Ethereum's ERC20.

[0023] The real estate listing site 4 is a computer device that provides a real estate listing site for matching real estate sellers, buyers, and credit providers.

[0024] The buyer terminal 5 is a computer device capable of executing a real estate transaction app. The real estate transaction app is a program capable of implementing the operations shown in Figs. 2 to 5. The real estate transaction app may be installed in the buyer terminal 5, or may be implemented as a web app. A buyer of real estate uses the buyer terminal 5. In this case, it is preferable that the buyer terminal 5 executes the necessary processing for the buyer by logging in to the real estate transaction app as the buyer, but this is not limited to this, and various methods may be adopted.

[0025] A credit provider is a person who lends money to a buyer. The credit provider terminal 6 is a computer device capable of executing a real estate transaction app. The real estate transaction app is a program capable of implementing the operations shown in Figures 2 to 5. The real estate transaction app may be installed in the credit provider terminal 6, or may be implemented as a web app. The credit provider uses the credit union terminal 6. In this case, it is preferable that the credit provider logs in to the real estate transaction app as a credit provider, so that the credit provider terminal 6 executes the necessary processing for the seller, but this is not limited to this and various methods may be adopted.

[0026] The seller terminal 7 is a computer device capable of executing a real estate transaction application. The real estate transaction application is a program capable of implementing the operations shown in Figs. 2 to 5. The real estate transaction application may be installed in the seller terminal 7, or may be implemented as a web application. The seller of real estate uses the seller terminal 7. In this case, it is preferable that the seller logs in to the real estate transaction application as the seller, so that the seller terminal 7 executes the processing required for the seller, but this is not limited thereto, and various methods may be adopted.

[0027] The outline of the functions required for a real estate transaction system is as follows: 1. C2C (Consumer to Consumer) matching site (real estate listing site) 2. The ability to create NFTs (non-fungible tokens), where an NFT is a digital representation of real estate that is the subject of a transaction. 3. Ability to trade NFTs on the blockchain. 4. Ability to manage NFTs in the DAO. 5. Functions to comply with current laws arranged by the DAO, mainly registration and mortgage establishment. 6. Loan repayment feature. 7. There will be four types of tokens: (1) DAO voting rights, (2) NFT, (3) electronic money for paying fees, etc., and (4) others.

[0028] The general operation of the real estate transaction system is as follows. 1. The seller lists the property for sale on a matching site and asks the DAO to create an NFT. 2. The DAO creates the NFT. 3. The buyer expresses their intention to purchase the property and its NFT that they are interested in on the matching site. They then deposit a deposit. For example, the deposit can be in virtual currency, but this is not limited to this. 4. The seller approves the transaction. 5. Payment of the remaining balance. If the buyer does not have his / her own funds, he / she will create a loan. The creation of the loan is realized by receiving credit from a credit provider. The credit is preferably provided in virtual currency, but is not limited to this. 6. Fees to the DAO and experts may be paid in fiat currency, electronic money, or cryptocurrency. 7. The DAO approves the transaction, verifies that the funds have been pooled, and handles real-world procedures such as legal proceedings. 8. After the transaction is completed, the NFT is exchanged for the proceeds. The proceeds are transferred to the seller and the NFT is transferred to the buyer. At that time, the DAO approves it. 9. The DAO will manage the repayment of the loan from the buyer to the credit provider until completion. If the loan is dishonored, a foreclosure will be initiated as a legal measure.

[0029] Based on the above, the overall operational flow of the real estate transaction system will be explained with reference to Figures 2 to 5. In FIG. 2, the seller uses a real estate transaction app on the seller terminal 7 to apply for the issuance of an NFT to the DAO's smart contract 2 (S701). The smart contract 2 performs an NFT issuance review (S201). The issuance review is performed on the smart contract 2 by DAO members with voting rights. Once the issuance of the NFT is approved on the smart contract 2 (S202), the smart contract 2 issues the NFT (S203).

[0030] Once the NFT is issued, the seller obtains the NFT in their multi-thing wallet (S702). Next, the seller uses the seller terminal 7 to request that the property information be posted on a real estate sales posting site (S703). The real estate listing server 4 lists real estate information (S401).

[0031] A buyer who has viewed a real estate sales listing website uses the buyer terminal 5 to submit a purchase request to the smart contract 2 (S501). The smart contract 2 signs a transaction Tx1 indicating that a purchase request has been made (S204). This transaction Tx1 will be recorded on the blockchain as the first record for the real estate (NFT) that is the subject of the sale. It is preferable for the transaction to be recorded in association with the NFT, but the method is not limited thereto.

[0032] The buyer uses the buyer terminal 5 to transfer the down payment deposit tx1 to the DAO address (S502). This transaction is called tx1. Transaction tx1 is recorded next to the previous transaction Tx1.

[0033] It is assumed here that virtual currency is transferred. However, the initial deposit may be electronic money, credit card payment, or transfer to a bank account. The virtual currency may be a virtual currency used in the blockchain in which smart contract 2 is implemented, or may be a virtual currency used in another blockchain.

[0034] When the payment is received, the payment system 3 transfers the payment from the buyer to the DAO (S301). This transfer is preferably performed automatically on the smart contract 2, but is not limited to this. If the down payment reaches the selling cost, the process moves to "Notice of Transaction Completion (S216)".

[0035] Once smart contract 2 receives the down payment deposit tx1 in the DAO wallet (S205), it requests the seller to pay the penalty deposit (S206).

[0036] The seller uses the seller terminal 7 to express his intention to sell the property and transfers the penalty deposit tx91 to the DAO address (S705). The penalty deposit transaction tx91 is also recorded after the previous transaction. In this way, the transaction record of the property being traded is recorded in the blockchain. It is also assumed here that virtual currency is transferred. However, the penalty deposit may be paid by electronic money, credit card, or bank account. The virtual currency may be a virtual currency used in the blockchain on which smart contract 2 is implemented, or may be a virtual currency used in another blockchain.

[0037] When the payment is received, the payment system 3 transfers the money from the seller to the DAO (S302). This transfer is preferably performed automatically on the smart contract 2, but is not limited to this.

[0038] Once the smart contract 2 receives the penalty deposit tx91 in the DAO's wallet (S207), it instructs the operator of the real estate listing server 4 to start the project (S208).

[0039] The operator posts a notice on the real estate sales listing site 4 indicating that the operator is beginning to solicit credit offers (S402).

[0040] In Fig. 3, the credit provider A uses the credit provider terminal 6 to notify the smart contract 2 of the intention to provide credit provision A (S601). The transaction of this credit provision A is assumed to be tx92. The transaction tx92 is recorded next to the previous transaction (S209).

[0041] Also, here, it is assumed that the credit provider B uses the credit provider terminal 6 to notify the smart contract 2 of the intention to provide credit provision B (S602). The transaction of this credit provision B is assumed to be tx93. The transaction tx93 is recorded next to the previous transaction (S210).

[0042] The credit facility will be solicited until it is fully utilized.

[0043] When smart contract 2 determines that the credit provision has been reached, it records a transaction tx94 to that effect after the previous transaction (S211).

[0044] Next, the smart contract 2 requests the credit provider terminal 6 to send a credit provision (S212).

[0045] Credit provider A uses credit provider terminal 6 to transfer credit provision A to the pool address of the DAO (S603). Credit provider B uses credit provider terminal 6 to transfer credit provision B to the pool address of the DAO (S604). Here, it is assumed that virtual currency is transferred. However, credit provision may also be electronic money, a credit card payment, or a transfer to a bank account. The virtual currency in question may be a virtual currency used in the blockchain in which smart contract 2 is implemented, or may be a virtual currency used in another blockchain.

[0046] The payment system 3 transfers the credit provision A to the DAO's pool wallet (S303). The payment system 3 transfers the credit provision A to the DAO's pool wallet (S304).

[0047] When credit A is acquired in the DAO's pool wallet, smart contract 2 records this fact next to the previous transaction (S213). Similarly, when credit B is acquired in the DAO's pool wallet, smart contract 2 records this fact next to the previous transaction (S214).

[0048] When the smart contract 2 determines that the credit provision has been fully transferred to the pool wallet (S215), it transmits to each terminal that the transaction has been completed (S216). Note that if the down payment exceeds the selling cost, the smart contract 2 proceeds to the operation of S216 without waiting for the credit provision.

[0049] S601 to S604 and S209 to S214 realize a financing function in which the credit provider lends funds to the buyer.

[0050] Each terminal receives a notification that the transaction has been completed (S403, S503, S706, S605). Smart contract 2 instructs a professional such as a judicial scrivener to carry out the transfer procedures for the real estate (S217).

[0051] The fact that the ownership transfer procedure and the establishment of a mortgage (if necessary) have been completed is input into smart contract 2 (S218). In smart contract 2, transaction Tx2 is generated to send the payment when the transfer of the NFT is completed (S219). Transaction Tx2 is also recorded after the previous transaction.

[0052] The seller uses the seller terminal 7 to perform a multi-sig signature transaction tx97 for the transfer of the NFT (S707). Next, the smart contract 2 performs a multi-sig signature transaction tx98 for the transfer of the NFT after the DAO resolution (S220). Transactions tx92 and tx98 are also recorded next to the previous transaction.

[0053] After the multisig signature of the transfer of the NFT, the smart contract 2 instructs the payment system 3 to transfer the proceeds from the DAO's pool wallet to the seller, and executes the transfer (S221). At the same time, the smart contract 2 instructs the payment system 3 to transfer a fee to the address of the DAO's profit wallet, and executes the transfer (S221). Note that it is assumed here that virtual currency is transferred. However, the proceeds or the fee may be paid by electronic money, credit card, or transferred to a bank account. The virtual currency may be a virtual currency used in the blockchain in which the smart contract 2 is implemented, or may be a virtual currency used in another blockchain. Note that there may be no fee.

[0054] The payment system 3 transfers the fee to the DAO's profit wallet (S305). The smart contract 2 confirms that the fee has been deposited in the profit wallet (S222).

[0055] The settlement system 3 transfers the proceeds to the seller (S306). The seller terminal 7 confirms the receipt of the proceeds in the seller's wallet (S708).

[0056] Smart contract 2 transfers the NFT to the buyer (S223). This transfer transaction is also recorded in the previous transaction.

[0057] The buyer terminal 5 confirms that the NFT has been acquired in the buyer's multi-sig wallet (S504).

[0058] The above steps result in listing on a matching site (real estate listing site), creation of NFTs, trading of NFTs on the blockchain, recording of real estate transactions on the blockchain, management of NFTs in the DAO, registration, and establishment of mortgages. Tokens are used for voting rights in the DAO, NFTs, payment of fees, etc.

[0059] The flow of loan payment will be described with reference to Figure 5. The buyer uses the buyer terminal 5 to notify the smart contract 2 and the payment system 3 of the loan payment and request remittance (S505). Note that the smart contract 2 may request the payment system 3 to make the payment.

[0060] The payment system 3 executes the loan payment from the buyer's wallet to the credit provider's wallet (S307). The credit provider terminal 6 verifies the loan payment in the credit provider's wallet (S606). If the loan payment is not made, the credit provider can notify the DAO.

[0061] The smart contract 2 recognizes whether or not the loan payment has been received from a notification from the settlement system 3 or a notification from the credit provider terminal 6 (S224). If there is no notification of loan payment (S225), the smart contract 2 urges the buyer terminal 5, but if there is still no payment, the DAO makes a resolution to suspend the transaction (S226).

[0062] Smart Contract 2 then asks an expert to take legal action, such as executing the lien or filing a civil lawsuit (S227). Finally, Smart Contract 2 executes the NFT transfer process (S228). The loan payment, execution of the lien, and NFT transfer process are all recorded on the blockchain as a continuation of the previous transaction.

[0063] In this way, everything from paying off loans to foreclosing on mortgages to transferring NFTs can be done through the real estate trading system.

[0064] (Variation 1) In the above embodiment, the NFT is transferred from the seller to the buyer on the condition that the ownership transfer procedure is completed by an expert and the registration is completed (S217 to S218). However, the ownership transfer procedure is not a mandatory condition for the transfer of the NFT. Even if the ownership transfer procedure is not performed, the NFT may be transferred on the condition that the sales proceeds have been paid. In the example of the above embodiment, the operations of S217 to S218 may not be performed, and the NFT may be transferred after the transaction completion notice.

[0065] Furthermore, the above embodiment may be used to change the owner of the NFT after the NFT is transferred without going through the ownership transfer procedure. In this case, even if the owner of the NFT owns the NFT but does not own the registered ownership, the owner can list the real estate to be sold on a real estate sales listing site.

[0066] Omission of intermediate registration is also included in the present invention.

[0067] In cases where an NFT is owned but the ownership has not been transferred in the registry, the real estate transaction system may manage the ownership transfer procedure so that it is carried out within a limited period of time, taking into consideration the safety of the transaction. If the ownership transfer procedure is not carried out within the period, a penalty such as returning the NFT to the original owner may be imposed, but this is not a limitation of the present invention.

[0068] There are various differences in real estate transactions depending on the legal system of each country, but with this invention, the real estate subject to the transaction is managed as an NFT, which uniquely determines the owner, making real estate transactions safer.

[0069] (Variation 2) Participants in the real estate transaction system (credit providers, sellers, buyers, etc.) may be given an incentive to participate in the real estate transaction system while they are using the real estate transaction system, for example by issuing tokens (virtual currency, voting rights, etc.).

[0070] Although the present invention has been described in detail above, the above description is merely illustrative of the present invention in every respect and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It goes without saying that various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Each of the constituent elements of the invention disclosed in this specification is considered to be an independent invention. Inventions in which each of the constituent elements is combined in any combination method are also included in the present invention. [Industrial Applicability]

[0071] The present invention relates to a real estate transaction system and is industrially applicable. [Explanation of symbols]

[0072] 1 Network 2 DAO smart contract (blockchain) 3. Real estate listing website 5 Buyer terminal 6. Credit provider terminal 7 Seller Terminal

Claims

1. A real estate transaction system that records the history of real estate transactions on a blockchain. An NFT issuing means for issuing NFTs corresponding to real estate to be traded; A payment instrument for executing payments for the real estate transactions; A recording means for recording the real estate transaction including the settlement by a blockchain; an NFT transfer means for transferring the NFT from the seller to the buyer when the sale of the real estate is concluded; A DAO is a system for exercising voting rights in the real estate transaction system, A real estate transaction system, characterized in that the settlement means transfers money to the DAO when the buyer or seller transfers money.

2. 2. The real estate transaction system according to claim 1, wherein the DAO transfers money to the seller when the sale of the real estate is concluded.

3. A real estate transaction system as described in claim 1, characterized in that when the sale of the real estate is completed, the DAO transfers money to the DAO's profit wallet.

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