Distance measurement method and related device

Abstract

A ranging method is provided. The method includes: a first node determines a first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters (S1301), obtains a second measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence (S1302), and transmits a first security measurement signal (S1303); a second node determines the first security parameter based on the plurality of input parameters (S1304), and obtains the first measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal (S1305). In this way, the measurement signal cannot be easily listened to by an attacker. A ranging device, a communication device, a chip, a communication system, a terminal, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product are further disclosed.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to the field of short-range communication technology, for example, communication in scenarios such as smart cars, smart homes, smart terminals, and smart manufacturing. Specifically, the present application relates to a ranging method and related apparatus. [Background technology]

[0002] With the continuous development of communication technology, smart application scenarios such as smart home, smart cockpit, smart driving, smart manufacturing, and smart transportation are emerging. In communication scenarios, the process of determining the distance and / or location of communicating devices in a network may be involved either in conducting communication and ensuring stable network connectivity or in specific application scenarios.

[0003] The method by which a communication device transmits measurement signals to perform ranging and / or positioning is an important means for solving ranging / positioning problems. For example, two nodes in a vehicle may transmit measurement signals to each other and obtain measurement results based on the measurement signals to obtain the distance between the two nodes. However, while enjoying the convenience brought by communication ranging, people also face the threat of security vulnerabilities and privacy leakage. For example, an attacker may communicate and interact with a node by transmitting measurement signals, posing a threat to the node's security. As another example, an attacker may transmit or listen to measurement signals to obtain the measurement signals and calculate the distance between the attacker and a peer end.

[0004] In conclusion, how to implement secure ranging is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present application provide ranging methods and related devices for performing secure location measurements and improving communication security. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides: determining a first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters, the plurality of input parameters including a first random number and a first communication parameter; obtaining a second measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence; transmitting a first security measurement signal, the first security measurement signal being associated with a second measurement sequence, the first security measurement signal being used for location information measurement; A distance measurement method is provided, including:

[0007] The location information measurement may include one or more of ranging, angle measurement, positioning, etc. Optionally, the method is applied to the first node, for example, implemented by using a chip or software unit in the first node.

[0008] In this embodiment of the present application, when a measurement signal is transmitted, the measurement signal is processed based on random numbers and communication parameters to obtain a security measurement signal, and the security measurement signal is transmitted to complete a location information measurement (or simply called location measurement) process. On the one hand, the random numbers are random and difficult to crack. On the other hand, the communication parameters change from time to time in the communication process. For example, the time unit and the frequency unit change as the transmission progresses and are also difficult to crack. Because the measurement signal is processed by using random numbers and communication parameters, the difficulty of cracking the measurement signal is greatly increased, thereby implementing secure location measurement and improving communication security.

[0009] In addition, the communication parameters can be consistently changed without a communication connection between the first node and the second node (which is a communication connection for transmitting service data), thereby reducing the connection establishment step in the location measurement procedure, reducing the complexity of the location measurement, and improving the versatility of the location measurement process. The method is also applicable to location measurement in the case of multiple indirect connections.

[0010] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first communication parameter relates to one or more of the following information: A sequence number of a first OFDM symbol, a number of a first time unit, or a number of a first frequency unit, the first OFDM symbol carrying a first security measurement signal, the first time unit including the first OFDM symbol, and the first frequency unit including a frequency resource used to transmit the first security measurement signal.

[0011] In the above embodiment, the communication parameters are related to a symbol sequence number, a time unit number, and a frequency unit number. Since the above information changes with the change of communication, the first communication parameters can be updated with the communication parameters, thereby greatly increasing the difficulty in cracking the first communication parameters and improving the security of the location measurement process.

[0012] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the first time unit is included in a plurality of consecutive time units, and based on a preset frequency unit number sequence for transmission, frequency hopping transmission is performed for the signal carried in the plurality of consecutive time units, and the number of the first frequency unit belongs to the preset frequency unit number sequence.

[0013] In the above embodiment, frequency hopping transmission can be performed on the signal during transmission. This can increase the transmission bandwidth and improve transmission efficiency. Because the first communication parameter is related to a frequency unit number, frequency hopping transmission can increase the frequency of frequency number changes, thereby increasing the difficulty of cracking the first communication parameter and improving security. The solution of the present application is applicable to frequency hopping transmission. Specifically, by performing location measurement through frequency hopping transmission, security can be improved and the accuracy of location measurement can also be improved.

[0014] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, the first communication parameter is associated with a position of the first OFDM symbol relative to the second OFDM symbol, the first OFDM symbol carries a first security measurement signal and the second OFDM symbol carries a second security measurement signal, and the first communication parameter corresponding to the second security measurement signal is a predetermined value.

[0015] In this embodiment, the first communication parameter has different values ​​at different symbols, and the values ​​are correlated. Therefore, when the first communication parameter needs to be cracked, the preset value of the first communication parameter needs to be obtained first. Because the transmitted parameter is difficult to crack, the difficulty in cracking the first communication parameter can be increased, and security can be improved.

[0016] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, the step of obtaining the second measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence comprises: scrambling the first measurement sequence by using the first security parameter to obtain a second measurement sequence. Includes.

[0017] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, the step of obtaining the second measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence comprises: performing an exclusive-or on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence to obtain a second measurement sequence. Includes.

[0018] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, the step of determining the first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters comprises: obtaining N bit sequences based on a plurality of input parameters, the N bit sequences including a first security parameter, N being an integer and N≧1; Includes.

[0019] In this embodiment, the first security parameter is obtained based on one or more bit sequences, which can improve the flexibility of the bit length of the first security parameter and can be applied to security processing, such as encryption and scrambling, for measurement signals in multiple modulation formats and multiple carrier widths.

[0020] In one possible implementation, if the required length of the first security parameter is small, several bits can be intercepted from the bit sequence to obtain the first security parameter, or if the required length of the first security parameter is large, the first security parameter can be obtained by splicing multiple sequences.

[0021] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, when N is greater than 1, the plurality of input parameters further includes a fresh parameter, and the step of obtaining the N bit sequences based on the plurality of input parameters includes: obtaining N bit sequences based on the first random number, the first communication parameter, and a fresh parameter, wherein the fresh parameter is updated every time after one of the N bit sequences is obtained; Includes.

[0022] In this embodiment, since the fresh parameters are updated, the input parameters used to generate different bit sequences are different and the generated security parameters are more difficult to crack, thereby improving security.

[0023] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, a fresh parameter corresponding to a first bit sequence in the N bit sequences is a preset value, and a fresh parameter corresponding to a second bit sequence in the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and a sequence number of the second bit sequence, the second bit sequence being different from the first bit sequence.

[0024] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, when N is greater than 1, the step of obtaining N bit sequences based on a plurality of input parameters comprises: obtaining a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences based on a plurality of input parameters; obtaining an I-th bit sequence based on a plurality of input parameters and an (I-1)-th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N≧I≧2; Includes.

[0025] In this embodiment, the input parameters of the N bit sequences can be different, so that different bit sequences are obtained, thereby improving security.

[0026] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, the first security measurement signal comprises a plurality of measurement sub-signals, the plurality of measurement sub-signals being transmitted via a plurality of antennas; The first measurement sequence includes a plurality of first subsequences, and the plurality of subsequences respectively generate a plurality of second subsequences by using different portions of the first security parameter, and the plurality of second subsequences belong to the second measurement sequence; Each measurement sub-signal corresponds to one of the plurality of second sub-sequences.

[0027] In this embodiment, multiple measurement signals are transmitted via multiple antennas, and the multiple measurement signals share a first security parameter. However, each measurement signal may use a different portion of the first security parameter. For example, the measurement signal transmitted via antenna 1 may use bits 0 to 76, the measurement signal transmitted via antenna 2 may use bits 77 to 152, and the rest may be estimated by analogy.

[0028] Of course, multiple measurement signals transmitted via multiple antennas may alternatively use the same portion of the security parameter, or different portions used by the multiple measurement signals may overlap, and the present application is also applicable in these cases.

[0029] This embodiment is applicable to a multi-antenna first node and can perform secure location measurement by using Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology, thereby improving spatial resource utilization and location measurement efficiency.

[0030] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, a method is applied to a first node, the method comprising: transmitting a first security measurement signal to a second node, the first security measurement signal being used to measure a distance between the first node and the second node; Further includes:

[0031] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, the first random number is determined by the first node, and the method comprises: transmitting the first random number to a second node; Further includes:

[0032] In yet another possible embodiment of the first aspect, the method comprises: receiving a first random number from a second node; Further includes:

[0033] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, the first random number is determined by the first node, and the method comprises: transmitting the first random number to a third node; Further includes:

[0034] In yet another possible embodiment of the first aspect, the method comprises: receiving a communication address of the second node from the third node; Further includes:

[0035] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, the third node is a node that transmits data scheduling information, and the first node is a node that receives and / or transmits data based on the data scheduling information.

[0036] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, the first communication parameter is from a grant node, the grant node being a node that transmits the data scheduling information.

[0037] Optionally, the first node is a grant node, or the third node is a grant node, or the second node is a grant node.

[0038] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, the first measurement sequence is a pseudo-random sequence.

[0039] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, the plurality of input parameters further includes indication information, the indication information indicating at least one of the plurality of antennas; The first security measurement signal is transmitted via at least one antenna.

[0040] This embodiment is applicable to a multi-antenna first node and can perform secure location measurement by using Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology, thereby improving spatial resource utilization and location measurement efficiency.

[0041] According to a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides: determining a first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters, the plurality of input parameters including a first random number and a first communication parameter; receiving a first security measurement signal, the first security measurement signal being associated with a second measurement sequence, the first security measurement signal being used for location information measurements; obtaining a first measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal; A distance measurement method is provided, including:

[0042] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the first communication parameter relates to one or more of the following information: A sequence number of a first OFDM symbol, a number of a first time unit, or a number of a first frequency unit, the first OFDM symbol carrying a first security measurement signal, the first time unit including the first OFDM symbol, and the first frequency unit including a frequency resource used to transmit the first security measurement signal.

[0043] In another possible implementation of the second aspect, the first time unit is included in a plurality of consecutive time units, and based on a preset frequency unit number sequence for transmission, frequency hopping transmission is performed for the signal carried in the plurality of consecutive time units, and the number of the first frequency unit belongs to the preset frequency unit number sequence.

[0044] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, the first communication parameter is associated with the position of the first OFDM symbol relative to the second OFDM symbol, the first OFDM symbol carries a first security measurement signal and the second OFDM symbol carries a second security measurement signal, and the first communication parameter corresponding to the second security measurement signal is a predetermined value.

[0045] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, the step of obtaining the first measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal comprises: descrambling the second measurement sequence by using the first security parameter to obtain a first measurement sequence. Includes.

[0046] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, the step of obtaining the first measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal comprises: performing an exclusive-or on the first security parameter and the second measurement sequence to obtain a first measurement sequence. Includes.

[0047] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, the step of determining the first security parameter based on the plurality of input parameters comprises: obtaining N bit sequences based on a plurality of input parameters, the N bit sequences including a first security parameter, N being an integer and N≧1; Includes.

[0048] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, when N is greater than 1, the plurality of input parameters further includes a fresh parameter, and the step of obtaining the N bit sequences based on the plurality of input parameters includes: obtaining N bit sequences based on the first random number, the first communication parameter, and a fresh parameter, wherein the fresh parameter is updated every time after one of the N bit sequences is obtained; Includes.

[0049] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, a fresh parameter corresponding to a first bit sequence in the N bit sequences is a preset value, and a fresh parameter corresponding to a second bit sequence in the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and a sequence number of the second bit sequence, the second bit sequence being different from the first bit sequence.

[0050] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, when N is greater than 1, the step of obtaining N bit sequences based on a plurality of input parameters comprises: obtaining a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences based on a plurality of input parameters; obtaining an I-th bit sequence based on a plurality of input parameters and an (I-1)-th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N≧I≧2; Includes.

[0051] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, the first security measurement signal comprises a plurality of measurement sub-signals, the plurality of measurement sub-signals being transmitted via a plurality of antennas of the first node and received respectively via a plurality of antennas of the second node; The first measurement sequence includes a plurality of first subsequences, and the plurality of subsequences respectively generate a plurality of second subsequences by using different portions of the first security parameter, and the plurality of second subsequences belong to the second measurement sequence; Each measurement sub-signal corresponds to one of the plurality of second sub-sequences.

[0052] In yet another possible embodiment of the second aspect, the method comprises: receiving a first random number from a first node; Further includes:

[0053] In yet another possible embodiment of the second aspect, the method comprises: determining a first random number; sending a first random number to a first node; Further includes:

[0054] In yet another possible embodiment of the second aspect, the method comprises: receiving a first random number transmitted by a third node, the first random number being from the first node; Further includes:

[0055] In yet another possible embodiment of the second aspect, the method comprises: receiving a communication address of the first node from the third node; Further includes:

[0056] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, the third node is a node that transmits data scheduling information, and the first node is a node that receives and / or transmits data based on the data scheduling information.

[0057] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, the first communication parameter is from a grant node, the grant node being a node that transmits the data scheduling information.

[0058] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, the first measurement sequence is a pseudo-random sequence.

[0059] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, the plurality of input parameters further includes instruction information, the instruction information instructing at least one of the plurality of antennas, and the first security measurement signal is transmitted via the at least one antenna.

[0060] According to a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including a processing unit and a communication unit, wherein the communication device is configured to perform the ranging method according to any one of the implementations of the first aspect.

[0061] Optionally, the communication device may be included in the first node.

[0062] In one possible implementation of the third aspect, the processing unit is configured to determine the first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters, the plurality of input parameters including a first random number and a first communication parameter; The processing unit is further configured to obtain a second measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence; The communication unit is configured to transmit a first security measurement signal, the first security measurement signal being associated with the second measurement sequence, and the first security measurement signal being used for location information measurement.

[0063] In another possible implementation of the third aspect, the first communication parameter relates to one or more of the following information: A sequence number of a first OFDM symbol, a number of a first time unit, or a number of a first frequency unit, the first OFDM symbol carrying a first security measurement signal, the first time unit including the first OFDM symbol, and the first frequency unit including a frequency resource used to transmit the first security measurement signal.

[0064] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the first time unit is included in a plurality of consecutive time units, and based on a preset frequency unit number sequence for transmission, frequency hopping transmission is performed for the signal carried in the plurality of consecutive time units, and the number of the first frequency unit belongs to the preset frequency unit number sequence.

[0065] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the first communication parameter is associated with a position of the first OFDM symbol relative to the second OFDM symbol, the first OFDM symbol carries a first security measurement signal and the second OFDM symbol carries a second security measurement signal, and the first communication parameter corresponding to the second security measurement signal is a predetermined value.

[0066] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the processing unit is further configured to scramble the first measurement sequence by using the first security parameter to obtain the second measurement sequence.

[0067] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the processing unit is further configured to perform an exclusive-or on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence to obtain the second measurement sequence.

[0068] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the processing unit comprises: Obtaining N bit sequences based on a plurality of input parameters, the N bit sequences including a first security parameter, where N is an integer and N≧1. It is further configured as follows.

[0069] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, when N is greater than 1, the plurality of input parameters further comprises fresh parameters, and the processing unit Obtaining N bit sequences based on the first random number, the first communication parameter, and a fresh parameter, and the fresh parameter is updated every time after one of the N bit sequences is obtained. It is further configured as follows.

[0070] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the fresh parameter corresponding to a first bit sequence in the N bit sequences is a preset value, and the fresh parameter corresponding to a second bit sequence in the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and a sequence number of the second bit sequence, the second bit sequence being different from the first bit sequence.

[0071] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, when N is greater than 1, the processing unit Obtaining a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences based on a plurality of input parameters; Obtain an I-th bit sequence based on multiple input parameters and an (I-1)-th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N≧I≧2. It is further configured as follows.

[0072] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the first security measurement signal comprises a plurality of measurement sub-signals, the plurality of measurement sub-signals being transmitted via a plurality of antennas; The first measurement sequence includes a plurality of first subsequences, and the plurality of subsequences respectively generate a plurality of second subsequences by using different portions of the first security parameter, and the plurality of second subsequences belong to the second measurement sequence; Each measurement sub-signal corresponds to one of the plurality of second sub-sequences.

[0073] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the communication unit is further configured to transmit a first security measurement signal to the second node, wherein the first security measurement signal is used to measure a distance between the first node and the second node.

[0074] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the first random number is determined by the first node, and the communication unit is further configured to transmit the first random number to the second node.

[0075] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the communication unit is further configured to receive the first random number from the second node.

[0076] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the first random number is determined by the first node, and the communication unit is further configured to transmit the first random number to a third node.

[0077] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the communication unit is further configured to receive a communication address of the second node from the third node.

[0078] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the third node is a node that transmits data scheduling information, and the first node is a node that receives and / or transmits data based on the data scheduling information.

[0079] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the first communication parameter is from a grant node, the grant node being a node that transmits the data scheduling information.

[0080] Optionally, the first node is a grant node, or the third node is a grant node, or the second node is a grant node.

[0081] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the first measurement sequence is a pseudo-random sequence.

[0082] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the plurality of input parameters further includes instruction information, the instruction information instructing at least one of the plurality of antennas, and the first security measurement signal is transmitted via the at least one antenna.

[0083] According to a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including a processing unit and a communication unit, wherein the communication device is configured to perform the ranging method according to any one of the implementations of the second aspect.

[0084] Optionally, the communication device may be included in the second node.

[0085] In one possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the processing unit is configured to determine the first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters, the plurality of input parameters including a first random number and a first communication parameter; the communication unit is configured to receive a first security measurement signal, the first security measurement signal being associated with a second measurement sequence, the first security measurement signal being used for location information measurement; The processing unit is further configured to obtain a first measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal.

[0086] In another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the first communication parameter relates to one or more of the following information: A sequence number of a first OFDM symbol, a number of a first time unit, or a number of a first frequency unit, the first OFDM symbol carrying a first security measurement signal, the first time unit including the first OFDM symbol, and the first frequency unit including a frequency resource used to transmit the first security measurement signal.

[0087] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the first time unit is included in a plurality of consecutive time units, and based on a preset frequency unit number sequence for transmission, frequency hopping transmission is performed for the signal carried in the plurality of consecutive time units, and the number of the first frequency unit belongs to the preset frequency unit number sequence.

[0088] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the first communications parameter is associated with a position of the first OFDM symbol relative to the second OFDM symbol, the first OFDM symbol carries a first security measurement signal and the second OFDM symbol carries a second security measurement signal, and the first communications parameter corresponding to the second security measurement signal is a preset value.

[0089] In yet another possible implementation example of the fourth aspect, the processing unit is further configured to descramble the second measurement sequence by using the first security parameter to obtain the first measurement sequence.

[0090] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the processing unit is further configured to perform an exclusive-or on the first security parameter and the second measurement sequence to obtain the first measurement sequence.

[0091] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the processing unit comprises: Obtaining N bit sequences based on a plurality of input parameters, the N bit sequences including a first security parameter, where N is an integer and N≧1. It is further configured as follows.

[0092] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, when N is greater than 1, the plurality of input parameters further includes a fresh parameter, and the processing unit obtains the N bit sequences based on the first random number, the first communication parameter, and the fresh parameter, and the fresh parameter is updated every time after one of the N bit sequences is obtained. It is further configured as follows.

[0093] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the fresh parameter corresponding to a first bit sequence in the N bit sequences is a preset value, and the fresh parameter corresponding to a second bit sequence in the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and a sequence number of the second bit sequence, the second bit sequence being different from the first bit sequence.

[0094] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, when N is greater than 1, the processing unit Obtaining a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences based on a plurality of input parameters; Obtain an I-th bit sequence based on multiple input parameters and an (I-1)-th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N≧I≧2. It is further configured as follows.

[0095] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the first security measurement signal comprises a plurality of measurement sub-signals, the plurality of measurement sub-signals being transmitted via a plurality of antennas of the first node and received via a plurality of antennas of the second node, respectively; The first measurement sequence includes a plurality of first subsequences, and the plurality of subsequences respectively generate a plurality of second subsequences by using different portions of the first security parameter, and the plurality of second subsequences belong to the second measurement sequence; Each measurement sub-signal corresponds to one of the plurality of second sub-sequences.

[0096] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the communication unit is further configured to receive a first random number from the first node.

[0097] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the processing unit is further configured to determine a first random number; The communication unit is further configured to transmit the first random number to the first node.

[0098] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the communication unit is further configured to receive a first random number transmitted by a third node, the first random number being from the first node.

[0099] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the communication unit is further configured to receive a communication address of the first node from the third node.

[0100] In yet another possible implementation example of the fourth aspect, the third node is a node that transmits data scheduling information, and the first node is a node that receives and / or transmits data based on the data scheduling information.

[0101] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the first communication parameter is from a grant node, the grant node being a node that transmits the data scheduling information.

[0102] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the first measurement sequence is a pseudo-random sequence.

[0103] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the plurality of input parameters further includes instruction information, the instruction information instructing at least one of the plurality of antennas, and the first security measurement signal is transmitted via the at least one antenna.

[0104] According to a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, the communication device including a processor, which, when invoking a computer program or instruction in a memory, performs a method according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect or any one of the embodiments of the second aspect.

[0105] Optionally, the computing device further includes a communications interface configured to receive and / or transmit data and / or configured to provide input and / or output to the processor.

[0106] It should be noted that in the above-described embodiments, a processor (also called a general-purpose processor) that executes a method by calling computer instructions is used for description. In a specific implementation process, the processor may alternatively be a special-purpose processor. In this case, the computer instructions are already preloaded into the processor. Optionally, the processor may alternatively include both a special-purpose processor and a general-purpose processor.

[0107] Optionally, the communication device may further include a memory, which may be configured to store computer programs or instructions. The memory may be located external to the processor or the processor may be integrated with the memory.

[0108] According to a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, the chip including a processor, wherein the processor invokes a computer program or instruction in a memory to perform a method according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect or any one of the embodiments of the second aspect.

[0109] Optionally, the chip further includes a communications interface configured to receive and / or transmit data and / or configured to provide input and / or output to the processor.

[0110] Optionally, the chip may further include a memory, which may be configured to store computer programs or instructions. The memory may be located external to the processor, or the processor may be integrated with the memory.

[0111] According to a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, the communication system including a first node and a second node, the first node comprises a communication device according to any one of the embodiments of the third aspect; The second node includes a communication device according to any one of the embodiments of the fourth aspect.

[0112] Optionally, the communication system further comprises a grant node, the grant node communicatively connected to the first node and the second node.

[0113] According to an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal, the terminal including a communication device according to any one of the embodiments of the third aspect, or including a communication device according to any one of the embodiments of the fourth aspect, or including a communication device according to any one of the embodiments of the fifth aspect, or including a chip according to any one of the embodiments of the sixth aspect, or including a communication system according to any one of the embodiments of the seventh aspect.

[0114] Optionally, the terminal may be a smart terminal or a vehicle such as a vehicle, unmanned aerial vehicle, or robot.

[0115] According to a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium configured to store instructions or a computer program, which, when executed, performs a method according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect or any one of the embodiments of the second aspect.

[0116] According to a tenth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, the computer program product including computer instructions or a computer program, When the instructions or computer program are executed, the method according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect or the method according to any one of the embodiments of the second aspect is performed.

[0117] Optionally, the computer program product may be a software installation package or an image package, which may be downloaded and executed on a computing device when the aforementioned method needs to be used.

[0118] For the beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the second to tenth aspects of the present application, please refer to the beneficial effects of the technical solutions in the first aspect, and details will not be described again here.

[0119] The accompanying drawings used to explain the embodiments will be briefly described below. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0120] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a time unit diagram according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram of a carrier signal and subcarriers according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is another time unit diagram according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 4]FIG. 1 is a diagram of frequency hopping according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a diagram of an in-vehicle positioning scenario according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a communication architecture according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a diagram of another communication architecture according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 8] 1 is a diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a diagram of another communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 is a diagram of ranging interaction according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 11] FIG. 1 is a diagram of yet another communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 12] FIG. 1 is a diagram of ranging interaction according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 13] 1 is a schematic flowchart of a ranging method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 14] FIG. 2 is a diagram of a first communication parameter change according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 15] FIG. 2 is a diagram of bit sequence allocation according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 16] 1 is a schematic flowchart of another ranging method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 17] 10 is a schematic flowchart of yet another ranging method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 18] 10 is a schematic flowchart of yet another ranging method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 19] 10 is a schematic flowchart of yet another ranging method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 20] 10 is a schematic flowchart of yet another ranging method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 21] 10 is a schematic flowchart of yet another ranging method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 22] 10 is a schematic flowchart of yet another ranging method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 23] 10 is a schematic flowchart of yet another ranging method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 24] 10 is a schematic flowchart of yet another ranging method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 25] 10 is a schematic flowchart of yet another ranging method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 26] 1 is a diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 27] FIG. 10 is a diagram of the structure of another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0121] In order to facilitate understanding of the detailed implementation of the solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will first explain the technical terms used in the embodiments of the present application.

[0122] 1. Node A node is a device with communication capabilities, including, but not limited to, one or more of a terminal device, a network device, an industrial device, or an entertainment device.

[0123] Terminal devices include handheld terminals, wearable terminals, transportation means, in-vehicle devices, sensing devices, smart home devices, etc. Handheld terminals include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, or notebook computers. Wearable devices include, but are not limited to, headsets, smart bands, smart watches, or smart glasses. Transportation means include, but are not limited to, vehicles, ships, aircraft, rail transportation (such as subways and high-speed rail), or logistics robots (e.g., automated guided vehicles (AGVs)). In-vehicle devices include, but are not limited to, domain controllers (DCs), screens, microphones, speakers, electronic keys, keyless entry, startup system controllers, battery management systems (BMSs), battery packs, or cells. Sensing devices include, but are not limited to, cameras, radar, lidar, illuminance sensors, temperature sensors, or humidity sensors. A smart home device includes, but is not limited to, a projector, a smart TV, a smart refrigerator, a smart home gateway, or a security device.

[0124] The network device may include, but is not limited to, a router, a switch, or a base station. The industrial device may be, for example, an industrial robot or a robot arm. The leisure and entertainment device may be, for example, a virtual reality (VR) device, a mixed reality (MR) device, a massage chair, a home theater, or a 4D cinema cockpit.

[0125] The nodes in the embodiments of the present application may be used in various scenarios, such as smart cars, smart homes, smart terminals, smart manufacturing, or smart exhibition centers. In some application scenarios or some network types, devices with similar communication capabilities may not be called nodes. However, for ease of explanation, in the embodiments of the present application, devices with communication capabilities are collectively called nodes.

[0126] 2. Terminal (T) and Grant (G) Nodes In a communication system, nodes include G nodes and T nodes. A G node manages a certain number of T nodes, and the G node is connected to these T nodes to jointly complete communication functions. The management of T nodes by a G node can be reflected in multiple dimensions. For example, the G node may allocate transmission resources and configure communication domain parameters of T nodes, etc. In one possible embodiment, the G node may transmit data scheduling information, and the T node may receive the data scheduling information and receive / transmit data based on the data scheduling information. A link through which a G node transmits a signal to another node (e.g., a T node) is called a G link, and a link through which a T node transmits a signal to another node (e.g., a G node) is called a T link.

[0127] In some possible implementations, the G node and the T nodes connected to the G node belong to a communication domain. Optionally, there may be one or more G nodes within a communication domain. For example, a single G node and a T node connected to a G node jointly form a communication domain.

[0128] 3. Compute Node A computing node is a node that calculates location information (including ranging, angle measurement, and positioning) based on measurement results reported by the node. The ranging calculation results include one or more of the distance between the measuring node and the anchor, the position of the measuring node, the angle of the measuring node, etc.

[0129] 4. Fresh parameters A freshness parameter is a parameter in the field of information security that is used to generate secret values, authentication codes, etc., and is sometimes called freshness. A freshness parameter includes one or more of a random number, a counter, a serial number, a sequence number, etc. A number once (NONCE) is a random number that is used only once (non-repeating).

[0130] Fresh parameters generated at different moments are usually different. In some scenarios, the value of the fresh parameter changes each time the fresh parameter is generated, so that the fresh parameter used to generate the secret value this time is different from the fresh parameter used to generate the secret value last time. This can improve the security of the generated secret value.

[0131] 5. Derivation Algorithm A derivation algorithm (also called a derivation algorithm) is used to obtain one or more derived values ​​from one or more secret values ​​to perform the derivation of the secret value. The derivation algorithm may include one or more of a hash algorithm, a message authentication code, a key derivation algorithm (key derivation function, KDF), an algorithm, etc. In some embodiments of the present application, a KDF is used as an example to illustrate the derivation algorithm and is not intended to limit the derivation algorithm to be used.

[0132] For example, derivation algorithms include, but are not limited to, Hash-based Message Authentication Code-SM3 (HMAC-SM3), Hash-based Message Authentication Code-Secure Hash Algorithm (HMAC-SHA), password-based key derivation function (PBKDF), and the scrypt algorithm. Optionally, the secure hash algorithm may be SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384, or SHA-512. If the secure hash algorithm is SHA-256, HMAC-SHA may alternatively be referred to as HMAC-SHA256. Similarly, if the secure hash algorithm is SHA-224, HMAC-SHA may alternatively be referred to as HMAC-SHA224. Similar name substitutions may be made for other hash algorithms, and examples are not provided one by one herein. Optionally, the PBKDF algorithm further includes a first generation PBKDF1 and a second generation PBKDF2.

[0133] 6. Hourly The time unit is a concept in the time domain. The time unit may be a superframe, a radio frame, a symbol, a mini-slot, a slot, a subframe, a symbol, etc. A superframe is a time unit including multiple radio frames, a radio frame is a time unit smaller than a superframe, and a symbol is a time unit smaller than a radio frame.

[0134] A superframe includes one or more radio frames, and a radio frame includes one or more symbols. A symbol may be, for example, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol. For example, the SparkLink Basic (SLB) standard associated with the SparkLink Alliance defines the frame structure of a superframe and radio frames. The superframe period is 1 millisecond (ms), i.e., the duration of a superframe is 1 ms. One superframe includes 48 radio frames, and the duration of each radio frame is 1 / 48 = 20.833 microseconds (μs).

[0135] FIG. 1 is a time-unit diagram according to one embodiment of the present application. One superframe includes 48 radio frames, numbered sequentially from radio frame #0 to radio frame #47. Each radio frame includes one or more of downlink symbols, uplink symbols, overhead symbols, transition gaps (GAPs), etc. Downlink symbols are used for downlink transmission, and uplink symbols are used for uplink transmission. Overhead symbols, sometimes referred to as flexible symbols or specific symbols, are used for synchronization, channel sounding, downlink control information (DCI) transmission, etc. Overhead symbols can be classified into downlink overhead symbols and uplink overhead symbols. Transition gaps are used for uplink / downlink switching. The duration of one transition gap within a radio frame is, for example, the duration of one symbol within the radio frame, where the duration of one downlink symbol = the duration of one uplink symbol = the duration of one overhead symbol.

[0136] For example, in an in-vehicle (or non-in-vehicle) wireless short-range communication system, uplink typically refers to the direction in which a T node transmits data or information to a G node and may be represented by a "T." Downlink typically refers to the direction in which a G node transmits data or information to a T node and may be represented by a "G." In FIG. 1, downlink symbols are represented as G symbols, which may also be denoted as G link symbols, etc. Uplink symbols are represented as T symbols, which may also be denoted as T link symbols, etc.

[0137] In a vehicle-mounted wireless short-range communication system, there is usually a communication requirement between different T nodes or different G nodes. Therefore, the communication between different T nodes or different G nodes may occupy the aforementioned overhead symbols, or the signal transmitted by the G node occupies the G symbol, and the signal transmitted by the T node occupies the T symbol.

[0138] In FIG. 1, downlink overhead symbols are denoted as special grant (SG) symbols, and uplink overhead symbols are denoted as special terminal (ST) symbols.

[0139] 7. Time-based sequence numbers The time unit sequence number may change (e.g., accumulate) from a preset value (e.g., 0), and the next time unit sequence number may be different from the current time unit sequence number. Furthermore, when the time unit sequence number reaches (e.g., equals) a threshold, the sequence number is inverted and counting begins again from the preset value. The preset value may be preconfigured, indicated by higher layer signaling, or specified in a protocol. For example, according to the protocol, the time unit sequence number starts from 0 and increases sequentially, is inverted when the sequence number changes to a maximum value, and continues to increase sequentially after the sequence number returns to 0.

[0140] Optionally, if the time unit is a symbol, a radio frame, or a superframe, the sequence number of the time unit may be represented by using multiple bits.

[0141] 8. Frequency Units A frequency unit is a concept in the frequency domain. The unit of a frequency unit can be a subcarrier, a carrier channel, a carrier channel group, etc.

[0142] 2 is a diagram of a carrier signal and subcarriers according to one embodiment of the present application. In one possible example, the physical bandwidth of a carrier channel (or simply called a carrier) may be predefined, such as 20 MHz or 40 MHz. One carrier channel includes multiple subcarriers. As shown in FIG. 2, one carrier channel includes 39 consecutive subcarriers, which are numbered #0, #1, ..., and #38 in ascending order of their corresponding frequencies. Subcarrier #19 is a direct current (DC) subcarrier, and the remaining 38 subcarriers are called effective subcarriers.

[0143] A node may operate on multiple carrier channels, which may be aggregated to form a carrier channel group. For example, a carrier channel group may include carrier channel 1, carrier channel 2, and carrier channel 3 shown in Figure 2. If the original bandwidth of the carrier channels is 20 MHz, the carrier channel group formed by the three carrier channels may have a bandwidth of 60 MHz.

[0144] For ease of explanation, carrier channels are referred to herein as channels in some embodiments for short, and the terms "channel" and "carrier channel" are interchangeable.

[0145] In addition, the frequency unit number may be an identifier indicating the frequency unit, or may be replaced with the center frequency, start frequency, etc. of the frequency unit. For example, if the frequency unit is a carrier, the frequency unit number may be a carrier channel number.

[0146] 9.OFDM OFDM technology is a multi-carrier frequency division multiplexing (FDM) technology, in which multiple carriers operate simultaneously. These carriers can be called subcarriers in FDM technology. OFDM technology, also known as discrete multitone modulation (DMT) technology, has high-speed transmission capabilities and can effectively withstand frequency-selective fading. In OFDM, multiple subcarriers are orthogonal, which is called orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. From a spectral perspective, each subcarrier uses the subcarrier's frequency as its center frequency and occupies a specific frequency bandwidth.

[0147] OFDM can flexibly change the operating bandwidth by adjusting the number of subcarriers, which meets the requirements for large bandwidth and has a better capacity expansion effect.

[0148] 10. Frequency Hopping Frequency hopping means that a device switches the center frequency of a transmission signal by changing the center frequency of the node's radio frequency channel (e.g., changing the carrier frequency of a local frequency signal) or by digitally changing the center frequency of the generated transmission signal. The frequency hopping may be frequency hopping based on OFDM signals.

[0149] OFDM frequency hopping is defined as switching the DC subcarrier of an OFDM symbol from the center frequency of one carrier channel to the center frequency of another. Single-carrier frequency hopping switching refers to switching the DC subcarrier from one carrier channel to another. Multiple-carrier frequency hopping switching refers to switching from one carrier channel group corresponding to multiple carriers to another. For example, G and T nodes initially operate on carrier channel groups 1 to 3 and switch to carrier channel groups 4 to 6 after frequency hopping. Carrier channel groups 1 to 3 are called initial carrier channel groups or initial channel groups, and carrier channel groups 4 to 6 are called frequency-hopping carrier channel groups or frequency-hopping channel groups.

[0150] In the present application, the frequency hopping schemes of different nodes may be the same (e.g., both are radio frequency hopping or digital frequency hopping), or may be different (e.g., the frequency hopping scheme of a first node is radio frequency hopping, and the frequency hopping scheme of a second node is digital frequency hopping), which is not limited in the present application.

[0151] 11.Distance measurement Ranging is measuring the distance between at least two nodes by transmitting measurement signals between the at least two nodes. For example, to measure the distance between a G node and a T node, a measurement signal is transmitted between the G node and the T node. As another example, to measure the distance between a G node and a T node 1, a measurement signal is transmitted between the G node and the T node 1. To measure the distance between a G node and a T node 2, a measurement signal is transmitted between the G node and the T node 2. To measure the distance between a T node 1 and a T node 2, the T node 1 and the T node 2 transmit measurement signals to each other.

[0152] The measurement signal is carried in a measurement symbol, which occupies a specific duration in time.

[0153] 3 is another time unit diagram according to an embodiment of the present application. A measurement signal is carried in a G ranging symbol or a T ranging symbol. The G ranging symbol is transmitted in ranging frame 1, and the T ranging symbol is transmitted in ranging frame 2. Ranging frame 1 and ranging frame 2 occupy a specific duration in the time domain. Ranging frame 1 includes one or more G ranging symbols, ranging frame 2 includes one or more T ranging symbols, and a GAP indicates switching between the G ranging frame and the T ranging frame.

[0154] See (a) in Figure 3. Ranging frame 1 and ranging frame 2 each include a transition gap (GAP), which is used for transmit / receive switching. See (b) in Figure 3. Although there is a transition gap (GAP) between ranging frame 1 and ranging frame 2, the GAP does not occupy the duration of radio frame 1 or radio frame 2.

[0155] In some possible implementations, a G node ranging frame and a T node ranging frame may be included in a ranging interaction, and the ranging interaction is also a possible time unit. One or more ranging frames may be included in one ranging interaction.

[0156] In some possible implementations, ranging interactions may be performed by frequency hopping on multiple carrier channels or multiple carrier channel groups. FIG. 4 is a diagram of frequency hopping according to one embodiment of the present application. The initial channel for frequency hopping ranging is channel 3. After ranging interaction 1 is completed on channel 3, ranging interaction 2 is performed on channel 2. After ranging interaction 2 is completed on channel 2, ranging interaction 3 is performed on channel 1. That is, the frequency hopping channel sequence for ranging interactions is {channel 3, channel 2, channel 1}.

[0157] Optionally, after completing ranging interaction 1, ranging interaction 2, and ranging interaction 3, the first node and the second node may feed back measurement results on channel 3, and the measurement results fed back on channel 3 may be obtained based on channel state information of channel 3, channel 2, and channel 1.

[0158] Of course, FIG. 4 is described by using an example in which frequency hopping is performed in units of ranging interactions. In a specific implementation process, frequency hopping may alternatively be performed in units of radio frames, ranging frames, or superframes. In the case of multi-carrier frequency hopping, it should be understood that signals may be transmitted only at some frequencies included in multiple carriers. For example, a ranging signal may be transmitted only at 40 MHz in an 80 MHz band. In this case, the corresponding carrier channel number during frequency hopping transmission may be only for the 40 MHz band used for transmission.

[0159] In addition, the frequency hopping process shown in Figure 4 is explained by using the frequency hopping of multi-carrier frequency hopping (a frequency hopping channel is a carrier group obtained by aggregating multiple single carriers) as an example. For the case of single-carrier frequency hopping, please refer to the frequency hopping of Figure 4.

[0160] It will be understood that location information measurement in this embodiment of the present application includes ranging, angle measurement, positioning, sensing, etc. In a specific implementation process, similar steps are performed to implement ranging, positioning, angle measurement, sensing, etc. In some embodiments of the present application, ranging is used as an example to describe the location information measurement process. In a specific implementation process, "ranging" can be replaced with "positioning," "angle measurement," "sensing," etc.

[0161] 12. Anchors and Tags An anchor, also called a position anchor or measurement node, is a node within a node involved in ranging (or angle measurement or positioning) that is used as a reference position for ranging (or angle measurement or positioning). A tag, also called a measurement node, is a node used as a measurement object within a node involved in ranging (or angle measurement or positioning).

[0162] 13. Measurement signal The measurement signal is also referred to as measurement information. In some scenarios, the measurement signal may include a positioning reference signal (PRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc. The PRS includes, but is not limited to, a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a channel sounding reference signal (SRS), a first training signal (FTS), a second training signal (STS), etc. The CSI-RS is a channel state information reference signal typically transmitted by a G node and used by another node to measure the characteristics of the transmission channel (i.e., channel state information) from the G node to another node. The SRS is a channel sounding signal typically transmitted by a T node and used to transmit the channel characteristics (i.e., channel state information) from the T node to another node. The FTS is a signal used for time-frequency synchronization, specifically, for example, in the SparkLink Basic (SLB) standard. The FTS can also be used to transmit channel characteristics (i.e., channel state information). The STS is a signal used for time-frequency synchronization, specifically, for example, a signal used for time-frequency synchronization in the SLB standard, and can also be used to transmit channel characteristics (i.e., channel state information).

[0163] A symbol carrying a CSI-RS is called a CSI-RS symbol, a symbol carrying a DMRS is called a DMRS symbol, a symbol carrying an SRS is called an SRS symbol, a symbol carrying an FTS is called an FTS symbol, and a symbol carrying an STS is called an STS symbol. Reasonably, the G symbol or T symbol shown in Figure 3 includes one or more of the following symbols: a CSI-RS symbol, a DMRS symbol, an SRS symbol, an FTS symbol, and an STS symbol.

[0164] It will be understood that in wireless short-range communication systems, measurement signals appear in pairs, i.e., two measurement signals are understood as a group of measurement signals. In the OFDM symbols carrying the group of measurement signals, the OFDM symbol that appears first in the time domain is called the FTS, and the OFDM symbol that appears first in the time domain is called the STS.

[0165] 14. Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) Technology MIMO is a technology in the field of wireless communications that uses multiple antennas to transmit and receive signals. The transmitting end and receiving end use multiple transmitting antennas and multiple receiving antennas, respectively, to transmit and receive signals through multiple antennas at the transmitting end and receiving end. MIMO maximizes the use of spatial resources, can implement multiplexing via multiple antennas, and can double the system channel capacity without increasing spectrum resources and antenna transmission power, demonstrating significant advantages.

[0166] A×B MIMO indicates that the transmitting end has A antennas and the receiving end has B antennas. In a MIMO system, if the number of transmitting antennas is not equal to the number of receiving antennas, the number of spatial streams that can be transmitted between the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas is equal to or less than the smaller number of antennas at the transmitting end / receiving end. For example, a 4×4 MIMO system may transmit four or fewer spatial streams, and a 3×2 MIMO system may transmit two or one spatial streams.

[0167] The above described examples of terms may optionally be used in the following embodiments.

[0168] The following describes the system architecture and service scenarios of the embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that the system architecture and service scenarios described in the present application are intended to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the present application, and do not constitute limitations on the technical solutions provided in the present application. It should be understood that with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the present application can also be applied to similar technical problems.

[0169] In communication scenarios, the distance and / or location of nodes in a network often needs to be determined. Figure 5 is a diagram of an in-vehicle positioning scenario according to an embodiment of the present application. Measurement nodes are located at the four corners on the outside of the vehicle, and PEPS measurement nodes are located inside the vehicle (e.g., on the center console, rearview mirror, or ceiling (a position inside the top panel of the vehicle)). In-vehicle wireless communication devices such as displays, microphones, speakers, cameras, or T-BOXes can also be used as measurement nodes. The measurement nodes and / or PEPS measurement nodes can be configured to locate nodes to be measured. For example, the nodes to be measured can be a vehicle key, a mobile phone, a headset, or a dedicated device.

[0170] Those skilled in the art should understand that the application scenario illustrated in Figure 5 is just one example scenario to which the solution of the present application can be applied. In addition to the application scenario illustrated in Figure 5, the solution of the present application may alternatively be applicable to any other suitable application scenario, such as, but not limited to, a home, an office, an exhibition hall, or a production scenario.

[0171] In the above embodiment, the PEPS measuring node may be a G node and the other device is a T node, or the node to be measured is a G node and the other device is a T node. The positioning architecture between the G node and the T node may include the following two types:

[0172] Architecture 1: Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a communication architecture according to one embodiment of the present application. A G node may transmit service data to multiple T nodes connected to the G node, and measurement signals may be transmitted between the G node and the T node (GT) and between the T node and the T node (TT). The service data may optionally include ranging-related signaling, parameters, indication information, etc. For example, the architecture shown in Figure 6 may include a SparkLink Basic (SLB) access layer architecture.

[0173] Architecture 2: Figure 7 is a diagram of another communication architecture according to an embodiment of the present application. Service data may be transmitted between G and T and between T and T, and measurement signals may be transmitted between G and T and between T and T. For example, the architecture may be a SparkLink Basic (SLB) access layer architecture. For example, the architecture shown in Figure 7 may include a SparkLink Low Energy (SLE) access layer architecture.

[0174] The following describes the structure of a communication system in one embodiment of the present application.

[0175] Figure 8 is a diagram of a communication system according to one embodiment of the present application. The communication system 80 may be a communication system based on the architecture shown in Figure 6 or a communication system based on the architecture shown in Figure 7. The first node may be a G node or a T node, and the second node may be a G node or a T node.

[0176] Specifically, the communication system 80 includes a first node 801 and a second node 802. The first node 801 transmits a measurement signal to the second node 802 to measure the distance between the first node 801 and the second node 802.

[0177] In one example of a ranging process, the first node 801 obtains a measurement result (referred to as measurement result M1 for ease of distinction) when transmitting a measurement signal, and the second node 802 obtains a measurement result (referred to as measurement result M2 for ease of distinction) when receiving the measurement signal. The two measurement results may be used to obtain the distance between the T1 node and the G node. For example, the measurement result M1 and the measurement result M2 may be provided to a calculation node, which calculates the distance between the first node 801 and the second node 802 based on the measurement result M1 and the measurement result M2.

[0178] In another example of a ranging process, the first node 801 and the second node 802 complete one ranging interaction (i.e., send measurement signals to each other and receive measurement signals from each other) and obtain a measurement result based on the ranging interaction. The measurement result is used to obtain the distance between the first node 801 and the second node 802.

[0179] It should be understood that the communication link between the first node 801 and the second node 802 may include one or more types of connection media, for example, a wired link, a wireless link, or a combination of wired and wireless links.

[0180] Examples of wired links include, but are not limited to, one or more of in-vehicle wired communication technologies, Controller Area Network (CAN), Local Interconnect Network (LIN) bus, CAN Flexible Data-Rate (CAN FD), Automotive Ethernet, and the like.

[0181] As an example of a wireless link, the wireless link may include short-range connection technologies, including, but not limited to, SparkLink, 802.11b / g, Bluetooth, Zigbee, radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, wireless short-range communication systems (e.g., in-vehicle wireless short-range communication systems), etc. Alternatively, the wireless link may be a long-range connection technology, including radio access type technologies such as Long Term Evolution (LTE)-based communication technologies, fifth generation mobile communication technologies (5th generation mobile networks or 5th generation wireless systems, 5th-Generation, or 5G technology for short), global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), and universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS).

[0182] If the first node 801 and the second node 802 support communication via wireless links, the first node 801 may include multiple antennas and transmit / receive measurement signals via the multiple antennas. Similarly, the second node 802 may include multiple antennas and transmit / receive measurement signals via the multiple antennas.

[0183] In Figure 8, ranging between a first node 801 and a second node 802 is used as an example for illustration. However, in a real scenario, ranging may be performed between multiple nodes. When multiple anchors measure the same node, in addition to distance, angle, position, etc. can be measured.

[0184] For example, in an example of multi-node ranging, FIG. 9 is a diagram of another communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. For example, the measurement target node is the G node. A possible angle measurement process is as follows: the T1 node (anchor 1) and the T2 node (anchor 2) may measure their respective distances to the G node, thereby obtaining an angle (e.g., pointing angle) between the G node and the T1 node and / or an angle between the G node and the T2 node based on the distances between the G node and the T1 node and the T2 node. Furthermore, a possible positioning process is as follows: the T3 node may also perform ranging to the G node. In this case, the position of the G node can be obtained based on the distances between the G node and the T1 node, the T2 node, and the T3 node.

[0185] In one possible implementation, one ranging interaction needs to be completed between the measurement node and the ranging node. FIG. 10 is a diagram of a ranging interaction according to one embodiment of the present application. The G node may transmit a measurement signal (referred to as measurement signal S1 for ease of distinction). The T1 node may also transmit a measurement signal (referred to as measurement signal S2 for ease of distinction) and receive the measurement signal S1 from the G node. The measurement results of the measurement signal S1 and the measurement signal S2 are used to calculate the distance between the T1 node and the G node. It should be noted that the transmission sequence, transmission method, etc. of S1 and S2 are not limited herein. For example, S1 and S2 may be transmitted by unicast, multicast, broadcast, etc.

[0186] Similarly, S1 and S3 (measurement signals transmitted by T2 node) are used to calculate the distance between T2 node and G node, and S1 and S4 (measurement signals transmitted by T3 node) are used to calculate the distance between T3 node and G node.

[0187] Furthermore, the angle, position, etc. of the G node can be calculated based on the distances between multiple anchors and the G node. Optionally, the distance calculation is a possible intermediate result provided for ease of explanation, and the intermediate result may not be obtained in a specific implementation process. For example, measurement signal S1, measurement signal S2, and measurement signal S3 are used to obtain the angle of the G node through calculation. As another example, measurement signal S1, measurement signal S2, measurement signal S3, and measurement signal S4 are used to obtain the angle of the G node through calculation. Measurement signals S1 to S4 may be transmitted by a method such as unicast, multicast, or broadcast.

[0188] In another example of multi-node ranging, FIG. 11 is a diagram of yet another communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. For example, the measurement target node is the T1 node. A possible angle measurement process is as follows: the G node (anchor 1) and the T2 node (anchor 2) may measure their respective distances to the T1 node, thereby obtaining an angle (e.g., pointing angle) between the T1 node and the G node and / or an angle between the T1 node and the T2 node based on the distances between the T1 node, the G node, and the T2 node. Furthermore, a possible positioning process is as follows: the T3 node may also perform ranging on the T1 node. In this case, the position of the T1 node can be obtained based on the distances between the T1 node and the G node, the T2 node, and the T3 node.

[0189] 12 is a diagram of ranging interactions according to one embodiment of the present application. The T1 node may transmit a measurement signal (S5). The G node may also transmit a measurement signal (S6) and receive the measurement signal S5 from the T1 node. The measurement results of the measurement signal S5 and the measurement signal S6 are used to calculate the distance between the G node and the T1 node. Similarly, S5 and S7 (measurement signals transmitted by the T2 node) are used to calculate the distance between the T2 node and the T1 node, and S5 and S8 (measurement signals transmitted by the T3 node) are used to calculate the distance between the T3 node and the T1 node. The measurement signals S5 to S8 may be transmitted in a manner such as unicast, multicast, or broadcast.

[0190] Furthermore, the angle, position, etc. of the G node can be calculated based on the distance between multiple anchors and the G node. Optionally, the distance calculation is a possible intermediate result provided for ease of explanation. In a specific implementation process, the intermediate result may not be obtained, and the angle, position, etc. may be directly obtained by calculation.

[0191] The following describes a method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0192] 13 is a schematic flowchart of a ranging method according to an embodiment of the present application. Optionally, the method may be implemented based on the system shown in FIG.

[0193] The ranging method shown in Fig. 13 may include one or more of steps S1301 to S1305. For ease of explanation, the sequence of S1301 to S1305 is used in the description herein, but it should be understood that this is not intended to constitute a limitation that the method is necessarily performed in the aforementioned sequence. The execution sequence, execution time, execution number of times, etc. of one or more of the aforementioned steps are not limited in the embodiments of the present application. Steps S1301 to S1305 are specifically as follows:

[0194] Step S1301: The first node determines a first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters.

[0195] The multiple input parameters include one or more of a first random number, a first communication parameter, etc. The first security parameter is used for security processing on the first measurement sequence, and the security processing may include processing such as scrambling / descrambling, encryption / decryption, and exclusive OR. For detailed descriptions, see steps S1302, S1304, etc. Note that the term "input parameter" in this specification is used to describe parameters involved in the process of "determining a first security parameter," without the limitation that the aforementioned parameters are input by a user using an input device.

[0196] The first random number is a random number and may optionally be a NONCE. Optionally, a method of obtaining the first random number may include, but is not limited to, a method of determining the first random number by the first node, a method of receiving the first random number sent to the first node by another node (e.g., a G node or a second node), a method of inputting the first random number by a user, or a method of assigning the first random number to the first node by another device.

[0197] The first communication parameter is a communication-related parameter. Optionally, the communication parameter varies with the signal transmission.

[0198] In one possible implementation, the first communication parameter is related to one or more of the following information: an OFDM symbol sequence number, a time unit number, a frequency unit number, a frequency hopping channel sequence, etc. Time units include, but are not limited to, superframes, radio frames, subframes, etc. Frequency units include, but are not limited to, carrier channels, carrier signal groups, subcarriers, etc.

[0199] As used herein, "related" includes that the first communication parameter may be the aforementioned information, or that the first communication parameter has a mapping relationship with the aforementioned information, or that the first communication parameter is updated based on the aforementioned information.

[0200] In the following, a possible case of the first communication parameter is described by using an example.

[0201] Case 1: The first communication parameter is determined based on a sequence number of a symbol (e.g., an OFDM symbol). For example, the first communication parameter is a sequence number of the symbol. As another example, the first communication parameter has a mapping relationship with the sequence number of the symbol.

[0202] In one possible embodiment, the first measurement sequence is carried in a first symbol (or the first measurement sequence can be modulated to obtain the first symbol), and the first communication parameter is the sequence number of the first symbol or has a mapping relationship with the sequence number of the first symbol. For example, the sequence number of the first symbol is N1, and the first communication parameter is N1.

[0203] In one possible implementation, if the first communication parameter is transmitted in a symbol numbered N2, the first communication parameter is N2 or has a mapping relationship with N2.

[0204] In another possible embodiment, the value of the first communication parameter may be updated, where the initial value of the first communication parameter is a preset value, and the value of the first communication parameter is updated once for one or more symbols. For example, in a ranging interaction, the value of the first communication parameter is the sequence number of the ranging symbol. For the first ranging symbol, COUNTERr is 0. For each subsequent additional transmitted ranging symbol, the value of COUNTERr is incremented by 1.

[0205] In yet another possible implementation, if the preset value of the first communication parameter is transmitted in a symbol numbered N3, the first communication parameter is N3 or has a mapping relationship with N3.

[0206] In one possible implementation, the first communication parameter is associated with a position of the first OFDM symbol relative to the second OFDM symbol, the first OFDM symbol carrying a first security measurement signal, the second OFDM symbol carrying a second security measurement signal, and the first communication parameter corresponding to the second security measurement signal is a preset value.

[0207] 14 is a diagram of a first communication parameter change according to an embodiment of the present application. When the second security measurement signal is carried in G#0, the value of the first communication parameter is 0x00000 (which may be considered as an initial value). The value of the communication parameter is incremented by 1 for each symbol. When the first security measurement signal is carried in G#9, the value of the first communication parameter is 0x01001 when the first security parameter is generated. In this case, since the position of G#9 is offset backward by 8 symbols relative to the position of G#0, the value of the first communication parameter may also be understood as the value obtained after 0x00000 is updated 8 times.

[0208] Case 2: The first communication parameter is determined based on a sequence number of a radio frame (abbreviated as a radio frame number). For example, the first communication parameter is a radio frame number. As another example, the first communication parameter has a mapping relationship with the radio frame number.

[0209] In one possible embodiment, the first communication parameter includes a sequence number of a radio frame carrying the first security measurement signal, or has a mapping relationship with the sequence number of a radio frame carrying the first security measurement signal.

[0210] In one possible implementation, the first communication parameter is updated from a preset value based on the radio frame number, for example, the first communication parameter is updated once per radio frame, and therefore each radio frame uses a different first communication parameter.

[0211] In one possible embodiment, the preset value of the first communication parameter is a sequence number of a radio frame for transmitting the first communication parameter or has a mapping relationship with a sequence number of a radio frame for transmitting the first communication parameter.

[0212] For related explanations, see the explanation for Case 1.

[0213] Case 3: The first communication parameter is determined based on a superframe sequence number (abbreviated as a superframe number). For example, the first communication parameter is the superframe number. As another example, the first communication parameter has a mapping relationship with the superframe number.

[0214] In one possible embodiment, the first communication parameter includes a sequence number of a superframe carrying the first security measurement signal, or has a mapping relationship with the sequence number of a superframe carrying the first security measurement signal.

[0215] In one possible implementation, the first communication parameter is updated from a preset value based on the superframe number, for example, the first communication parameter is updated once per superframe number, and therefore each superframe number uses a different first communication parameter.

[0216] In one possible embodiment, the preset value of the first communication parameter is a sequence number of a superframe for transmitting the first communication parameter, or has a mapping relationship with a sequence number of a superframe for transmitting the first communication parameter.

[0217] For related explanations, see the explanation for Case 1.

[0218] Case 4: The first communication parameter is determined based on a frequency unit number. For example, the first communication parameter is a frequency unit number or has a mapping relationship with a frequency unit number. The frequency unit includes a carrier channel, a carrier channel group, a subcarrier, etc.

[0219] Optionally, the first communication parameter is determined based on a first frequency unit number. The first security measurement signal is carried in a first time unit, and the first time unit is included in multiple consecutive time units. A frequency hopping transmission is performed for the signal carried in the multiple consecutive time units based on a preset frequency unit number sequence for transmission. The first frequency unit number belongs to the preset frequency unit number sequence. FIG. 8 is used as an example. The frequency hopping transmission is performed for multiple consecutive ranging interactions. If the first security measurement signal is transmitted on carrier channel 3, the first communication parameter may be determined based on the carrier channel number of carrier channel 3. Note that the time unit in the "multiple consecutive time units" in this specification refers to a frequency hopping time unit during frequency hopping transmission, and may be the same as or different from the granularity of the time unit used to determine the first communication parameter.

[0220] Optionally, when the first node and the second node perform ranging in a frequency hopping mode, the frequency unit number may be used in the process of determining the first security parameter. Of course, when the first node and the second node do not perform ranging in a frequency hopping mode, the frequency unit number may also be used in the process of determining the first security parameter.

[0221] Note that the above cases may be combined.

[0222] In one example of combination, the first communication parameter may be determined based on a superframe number, a radio frame number, a symbol sequence number, and a channel number. For example, if the first security measurement signal is carried by G#9, the number of G#9 is, for example, 0x01, and G#9 is included in a radio frame whose sequence number is 0x001, and the radio frame is included in a superframe whose sequence number is 0x1001. In addition, if the number of the carrier channel for transmitting the radio frame is 0x11, the first communication parameter may be obtained by concatenating the symbol sequence number, the radio frame number, the superframe number, and the channel number, i.e., 01||001||1001||11, where "||" indicates concatenation.

[0223] In some possible implementations, the method of obtaining the first communication parameters may include, but is not limited to, determining the first communication parameters by the first node, receiving the first communication parameters sent to the first node by another node (e.g., a G node or a second node), inputting the first communication parameters by a user, or assigning the first communication parameters to the first node by another device.

[0224] In some other possible implementations, the first communication parameter does not need to be generated by the node, but is determined according to a preset rule. For example, the first communication parameter is updated from a preset value, and the communication parameter is updated every time unit and / or every frequency unit (e.g., every symbol). Thus, if the first node and the second node update the value of the first communication parameter according to a consistent rule, a consistent communication parameter can be obtained.

[0225] Optionally, the first node (or the grant node or the second node) may set the communication parameter to a preset value at a certain point in time, or alternatively, the first communication parameter is set to a preset value when each measurement is initiated.

[0226] In one possible implementation, after each measurement, COUNTERr is updated from 0 and once per symbol. Specifically, the communication parameter COUNTERr corresponding to the current symbol is x, and when the next measurement symbol is reached, COUNTERr=x+1.

[0227] Optionally, the first random number and the first communication parameter are part of parameters for determining the first security parameter, and the plurality of input parameters may further include another parameter, for example, but not limited to, a freshness parameter, antenna indication information, identification information of the first node, identification information of the second node, etc.

[0228] The antenna indication information indicates at least one antenna. For example, a first node includes six antennas, which are referred to as antenna 1, antenna 2, antenna 3, antenna 4, antenna 5, and antenna 6 for easy distinction. The first security measurement signal is transmitted through at least one of the six antennas. Optionally, the antenna indication information includes, but is not limited to, an antenna number, an antenna ID, an antenna name, etc. For example, if the antenna indication information is 0x000, antenna 1 is indicated, and if the antenna indication information is 0x001, antenna 2 is indicated.

[0229] In one possible implementation, if the first security measurement signal is transmitted via antenna 1, the input parameters used to determine the first security parameter include antenna indication information, and the antenna indication information indicates antenna 1.

[0230] As described above, the first security parameter is a parameter used in security processing for the first measurement sequence. Optionally, the first security parameter may include multiple bits. Hereinafter, for the sake of explanation, an example in which the first security parameter includes E1 bits (E1 is an integer, E1>1) will be used. Furthermore, the information bit length of the first security parameter is the same as the information bit length of the first measurement sequence or has a mapping relationship with the information bit length of the first measurement sequence. For example, if the information bit length of the first measurement sequence is 78 bits, the information bit length of the first security parameter is 78 bits.

[0231] In one possible implementation, the first node derives the first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters and a derivation algorithm, including but not limited to a key derivation function, a digest algorithm, a message authentication code algorithm, etc.

[0232] For example, the first security parameter=KDF(rand, COUNTERr), where rand is the first random number and COUNTERr is the first communication parameter. As another example, the first security parameter=KDF(rand, COUNTERr||carrier channel number for frequency hopping).

[0233] Of course, in the embodiments of the present application, the KDF can be replaced with a derivation algorithm such as HMAC-SM3 or HMAC-SHA256.

[0234] In some scenarios, the first security parameter may be included in multiple derived values ​​(e.g., KDF output results). For example, in the following scenarios: Scenario 1: The bit length of the first measurement sequence may be large, and the information bit length of one derived value may not meet the security processing requirements of the first measurement sequence. Scenario 2: To improve security, the first node obtains multiple derived values ​​based on multiple input parameters, and then obtains the first security parameter based on one or more derived values. This further increases the difficulty in cracking the first security parameter. Scenario 3: The first node uses the first security parameter to encrypt or scramble multiple measurement signals transmitted in one frequency hopping period (the three ranging interactions shown in FIG. 4 are considered as one frequency hopping period), and the first node needs to generate a security parameter with a larger number of bits to scramble the data carried in the multiple measurement signals.

[0235] In one possible embodiment, the first node obtains N bit sequences based on a plurality of input parameters, the N bit sequences including a first security parameter, where N is an integer and N >= 1. The bit sequences include a plurality of bits, and the N bit sequences may have the same length or different lengths. For example, the information bit length of the bit sequences may be 128 bits, 224 bits, 256 bits, etc.

[0236] For example, bit sequence = KDF(rand, COUNTERr, [counter]), where rand is a first random number, COUNTERr is a first communication parameter, counter is an optional fresh parameter (described below), and [ ] indicates optionality.

[0237] As another example, in frequency hopping mode, the bit sequence = KDF(rand, COUNTERr|| carrier channel number, [counter]), where || indicates the connection.

[0238] The carrier channel number may be used to distinguish different carrier channels. The carrier channel number may be the number of the carrier channel (e.g., the start frequency or the center frequency). Alternatively, the carrier channel number may be the sequence number of the carrier channel in a certain period. For example, in a superframe, the carrier channel number corresponding to the first carrier channel used for transmission is 0, and the carrier channel number corresponding to the second carrier channel is 1. In addition, the carrier channel number may be replaced with another parameter that reflects a frequency hopping channel.

[0239] Of course, if the frequency hopping mode is not used, the number of the frequency hopping channel can also be used in the process of generating the bit sequence.

[0240] For example, the first node obtains a bit sequence having a length of 256 bits based on multiple input parameters. The first security parameter (E1=76) is 76 bits in the bit sequence. For example, the first node intercepts the first 76 bits of the bit sequence as the first security parameter. As another example, the first node selects 76 bits from the bit sequence as the first security parameter.

[0241] As another example, the first node obtains two bit sequences each having a length of 256 bits based on multiple input parameters, and obtains a first security parameter having a length of 304 bits (E1=304) based on the two bit sequences. For example, the first node selects the first 256 bits of the first bit sequence and the first 48 bits of the second bit sequence as the first security parameter. As another example, the first node selects 304 bits from the two bit sequences as the first security parameter.

[0242] In some possible implementations, any two values ​​of the N bit sequences are different if N is greater than 1. In this way, the difficulty in cracking the security parameter can be increased and security can be improved.

[0243] Below, several implementations for generating N (N>1) bit sequences are described.

[0244] Embodiment 1: The input parameters further include a fresh parameter, and a value of the fresh parameter used when each bit in the N-bit sequence is generated is different.

[0245] In one possible implementation, the fresh parameter is updated after each one of the N bit sequences is obtained.

[0246] For example, bit sequence = KDF(rand, COUNTERr, counter). When the first bit sequence is generated, counter = counter1. When the second bit sequence is generated, counter = counter2, and counter1 and counter2 are different. In this embodiment, the input parameters of the N bit sequences can be different, so different bit sequences are obtained.

[0247] For example, the information bit length of the first security parameter required for the security measurement symbol is more than 256 bits but less than (optionally including or equal to) 512 bits. In this case, the value of counter is 0 and 1 in sequence (refreshed twice), generating two 256-bit bit sequences, respectively. The security parameter is some or all of the bits in the two bit sequences.

[0248] In another example, the fresh parameter is determined according to a predetermined rule. For example, the fresh parameter is determined based on the ratio pi, and the first value of the fresh parameter is in the range of the 1st to 10th bits of pi, and the first updated value of the fresh parameter is in the range of the 11th to 20th bits of pi. Other cases can be inferred by analogy. In another example, the fresh parameter is determined based on a pseudo-random sequence.

[0249] In one possible implementation, a fresh parameter corresponding to a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences is a preset value, and a fresh parameter corresponding to a second bit sequence among the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and a sequence number of the second bit sequence, the second bit sequence being different from the first bit sequence.

[0250] For example, the fresh parameter is increased by 1 for each bit sequence. If the preset value of the fresh parameter is x, then if the second bit sequence is the first bit sequence among the N bit sequences, the fresh parameter is x. If the second bit sequence is the second bit sequence among the N bit sequences, the fresh parameter is x+1. Other cases can be inferred by analogy. The fresh parameter corresponding to the I-th bit sequence is x+(I-1). In this embodiment, the input parameters of the N bit sequences can be different, so different bit sequences are obtained.

[0251] Embodiment 2: A first node obtains a first bit sequence among N bit sequences based on a plurality of input parameters, and obtains an I-th bit sequence based on the plurality of input parameters and an (I-1)-th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N≧I≧2. That is, starting from the second bit sequence, the previous bit sequence is used as one of the input parameters to determine a current bit sequence.

[0252] For example, N bit sequences may be represented as B1, B2, B3, etc., respectively, and determined as follows: B1=KDF(rand,COUNTERr), B2=KDF(rand,COUNTERr,B1), B3=KDF(rand,COUNTERr,B2), …

[0253] In this embodiment, the input parameters of the N bit sequences may be different, so that different bit sequences are obtained. Note that this is only a possible determination method enumerated in this specification for representing parameters, and the sequence and input method of parameters are not limited.

[0254] The above two embodiments are illustrative examples of how to generate an N-bit sequence. In a specific implementation process, the N-bit sequence may be generated in another way. In addition, the above two embodiments may be combined, for example, as follows: B1=KDF(rand,COUNTERr,counter1), B2=KDF(rand,COUNTERr,B1,counter2), B3=KDF(rand, COUNTERr, B2, counter3), where counter1, counter2, and counter3 are different. For the design of counter, please refer to embodiment 1.

[0255] Optionally, the counter may be a default value or a first value when N is equal to 1. The first value is a predefined value, for example, 0 or 1.

[0256] Step S1302: The first node obtains a second measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence.

[0257] The first measurement sequence is a sequence including a plurality of bits. In one possible implementation, the first node may generate a pseudo-random sequence, process the pseudo-random sequence, and then carry the processed pseudo-random sequence in an OFDM symbol (e.g., a CSI-RS symbol, an SRS symbol, or a DMRS symbol) for location information measurement. In this case, the first measurement sequence is the pseudo-random sequence. Optionally, the pseudo-random sequence is a Gold sequence.

[0258] Optionally, the first node may obtain the second measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence in several of the following ways:

[0259] Method 1: The first node scrambles the first measurement sequence by using the first security parameter to obtain the second measurement sequence.

[0260] In one possible implementation, the first measurement sequence is denoted as C(i) and includes M information bits, where i = 1, 2, ..., M. The first security parameter is denoted as K(j) and includes E1 information bits, where j = 1, 2, ..., E1. M is typically equal to E1 or has a mapping relationship with E1.

[0261] For example, the first node may perform corresponding bit scrambling on the first measurement sequence by using the first security parameter to obtain a second measurement sequence. The second measurement sequence (also referred to as a frequency-domain scrambling sequence) may be represented as D(j), where j = 1, 2, ..., M. It should be understood that the "corresponding bit scrambling" described herein is an optional scrambling method. In certain implementations, this embodiment of the present application is also applicable to cases where scrambling is performed in other ways.

[0262] Corresponding bit scrambling means scrambling one or more bits in the first security parameter and one or more bits in the first measurement sequence, for example, C(1) and K(1) are scrambled to obtain D(1), C(2) and K(2) are scrambled to obtain D(2), and other bits are deduced by analogy to obtain the second measurement sequence.

[0263] For example, the first measurement sequence includes 76 bits, each represented as C(i), where i = 1, 2, ..., 76. The first security parameter includes 76 bits, each represented as K(j), where j = 1, 2, ..., 76. The first measurement sequence is scrambled by using the first security parameter to obtain D(j), where j = 1, 2, ..., 76.

[0264] As another example, the first measurement sequence includes 76 bits, each represented as C(i), for i = 1, 2, ..., 76. The first security parameter includes 38 bits, each represented as K1(j), for j = 1, 2, ..., 38. The first node repeats the first security parameter bit by bit to obtain K2(j), for j = 1, 2, ..., 76. The first measurement sequence is scrambled by using K2(j) to obtain D(j), for j = 1, 2, ..., 76.

[0265] Optionally, bit repetition may be implemented in the following way: some bits in the plurality of bits are expanded to obtain a bit sequence with a larger bit length. For example, the first security parameter is 4 bits, e.g., 0x1010. Each 1 bit in the 4 bits is expanded to 2 bits to obtain 8 bits, i.e., 0x11001100.

[0266] Alternatively, bit repetition may be implemented in the following way: some or all of the original bits are repeated and connected before or after the original bits to obtain a bit sequence with a larger bit length. For example, the first security parameter is 4 bits, e.g., 0x1010. All bits of the 4 bits are repeated and the repeated bits are connected after the original bits to obtain an 8-bit bit stream, i.e., 0x11001100.

[0267] Method 2: The first node performs an exclusive OR on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence to obtain the second measurement sequence.

[0268] For example, the first measurement sequence is denoted as C(i) and includes M information bits, where i = 1, 2, ..., M. The first security parameter is denoted as K(j) and includes M information bits, where j = 1, 2, ..., M. To obtain the second measurement sequence, the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence are exclusive-ored, and the second measurement sequence is denoted as D(j), where j = 1, 2, ..., M.

[0269] For related explanations, please refer to the above description.

[0270] Method 3: The first node encrypts the first measurement sequence by using the first security parameter to obtain the second measurement sequence.

[0271] For example, the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence are input to an encryption algorithm, and the second measurement sequence is obtained based on the output of the encryption algorithm. The first security parameter can be used as a key.

[0272] The above method is an illustrative example provided for ease of understanding. In a specific implementation, the second measurement sequence may be obtained based on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence in another manner.

[0273] In one possible embodiment, the information bit length of the first measurement sequence is related to the modulation scheme, the number of effective subcarriers, etc. For example, the first node performs channel measurement (e.g., CSI-RS, SRS, or DMRS) by using at least one OFDM symbol, where each carrier channel includes 38 effective subcarriers and one DC subcarrier. In this case, the first security parameter is applied to a pseudorandom sequence used for pseudorandom quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) modulation. The first node may select some bits from one or more bit sequences (each bit sequence including 128 bits or 256 bits) to process the measurement signal. Because the DC subcarrier is ignored in pseudorandom QPSK modulation, the information bits carried in the OFDM symbol obtained by modulation are 76 bits. That is, the first measurement sequence is 76 bits or less.

[0274] In some scenarios, multiple OFDM symbols are aggregated in the frequency domain using carrier aggregation to form an OFDM symbol that occupies a larger bandwidth. In this case, the information bit length of the measurement signal carried by the OFDM symbol also increases accordingly. For example, three 20 MHz OFDM symbols are aggregated in the frequency domain using carrier aggregation to form a 60 MHz OFDM symbol.

[0275] Similar to the single-carrier scrambling and modulation scheme, in a carrier aggregation scenario, pseudo-random modulation is performed on the 38 available subcarriers within each carrier, with no modulation on the DC subcarrier and the three subcarriers spaced between adjacent carriers.

[0276] For example, in 60 MHz OFDM, there are a total of 39*3+3*2=123 subcarriers, including subcarriers numbered 0 to 38 included in carrier channels 1, 2, and 3, plus three subcarriers between carrier channels 1 and 2 and three subcarriers between carrier channels 2 and 3. The number of effective subcarriers is 114. The measurement signal corresponding to the second measurement sequence is carried in a 60 MHz OFDM symbol. If the modulation method of the second measurement sequence is QPSK modulation, the number of bits of the measurement signal is 228 (if bit repetition is not considered). Furthermore, in this case, when determining the security parameter, the first node may obtain a 228-bit security parameter based on one or more bit sequences for processing the first measurement sequence.

[0277] In some scenarios, the first node includes Ntx antennas, where Ntx is an integer and Ntx>1. The first node generates a first security parameter based on a first random number, and the information bit length of the first security parameter is M×Ntx or greater. For example, the first security parameter includes M×Ntx bits. The first security parameter is represented as D(i,j), where i=1, 2, ..., M, and j=1, 2, 3, ..., Ntx. M bits are used for measurement signals of one spatial stream (or one spatial layer).

[0278] For example, the bandwidth of the measurement symbols (eg, CSI-RS symbols, SRS symbols, or DMRS symbols) corresponding to each spatial stream may be 20 MHz to 320 MHz, and the bandwidth of a single carrier is 20 MHz.

[0279] In one possible example, 4x4 MIMO is used as an example. The number of transmit antennas and the number of spatial streams of the transmitting device are both 4 (i.e., Ntx = 4), and the measurement symbol bandwidth is 20 MHz for a single carrier. If QPSK modulation is used and there are 38 effective subcarriers, each spatial stream requires a 76-bit security parameter to generate the modulation sequence required by the 38 effective subcarriers. If QPSK modulation is used and there are 38 effective subcarriers, four spatial streams require a 304-bit security parameter.

[0280] In another possible example, using 4x4 MIMO as an example, if the number of transmit antennas and the number of spatial streams of the transmitting device are both Ntx = 4 and the symbol bandwidth is 20 MHz for a single carrier, each spatial stream requires a different 76-bit KDF sequence to generate the random QPSK sequence required by the 38 subcarriers. The first node must generate two 256-bit bit sequences and splice the two 256-bit bit sequences to obtain a 512-bit bit sequence, which is used to sequentially scramble the four symbols of spatial streams 1 to 4.

[0281] In this case, the first node may generate multiple bit sequences and obtain a first security parameter based on the multiple bit sequences. For example, the first node may generate two bit sequences, each containing 256 bits, and splice the two bit sequences to obtain a 512-bit sequence. The first node may select some bits from the 512 bits and perform processing (e.g., scrambling, exclusive-oring, or encrypting) on ​​the first measurement sequence to obtain a first security measurement signal.

[0282] 15 is a diagram of bit sequence allocation according to one embodiment of the present application, in which one or more bit sequences are spliced ​​to obtain at least 152 bits of data, where bits 1 through 76 are used to scramble the measurement signal carried in spatial stream 1, and bits 77 through 152 are used to scramble the measurement signal carried in spatial stream 2.

[0283] Optionally, when both multiple carriers and multiple ports are present, the lower order bits of D(i,j) are first used to scramble the multi-carrier ranging symbols of the first spatial stream, and then sequentially used to scramble the multi-carrier ranging symbols of the higher spatial streams.

[0284] Step S1303: The first node sends a first security measurement signal.

[0285] For example, the first security measurement signal may be carried in a CSI-RS symbol, an SRS symbol, or a DMRS symbol.

[0286] The first security measurement signal is associated with the second measurement sequence.

[0287] In one possible implementation, the first security measurement signal is obtained by modulating the second measurement sequence. For example, to obtain the first security measurement signal, a random QPSK sequence is generated by using a frequency-domain scrambling sequence D(j), and each effective subcarrier is modulated. The QPSK symbols generated by D(1) and D(2) are used to modulate effective subcarrier #1, and the QPSK symbols generated by D(3) and D(4) are used to modulate effective subcarrier #2.

[0288] The first security measurement signal is used for ranging. For example, the first security measurement signal may be transmitted during a ranging interaction between a first node and a second node. Alternatively, the first node may obtain a measurement result based on the first security measurement signal, and the measurement result may be used to calculate a distance between the first node and another node.

[0289] It should be understood that the first node may transmit the first security measurement signal, and the first security measurement signal may be received by another node. Here, an example is used in which the receiving end is the second node. The second node receives the first security measurement signal from the first node. Optionally, the first node may transmit the first security measurement signal by a method such as unicast, broadcast, or multicast.

[0290] In one possible implementation, the first node may receive a destination address (e.g., the address of the second node) sent by a third node. In some scenarios, the first node may know the node that is the receiving end of the first security measurement signal based on the destination address.

[0291] In another possible implementation, the first node may further receive a source address (i.e., the address of the first node) from the third node. In some scenarios, the source address may instruct the first node to perform channel measurements.

[0292] Similarly, the second node may alternatively receive the destination address and / or the source address from a third node.

[0293] In one possible embodiment, the third node may be a grant node, for example, a G node in a SparkLink communication system.

[0294] It should be noted that if there is no communication connection between the first node and the second node, the grant node may transmit the source address and / or the destination address to the first node and / or the second node.

[0295] Step S1304: The second node determines a first security parameter based on the multiple input parameters.

[0296] The plurality of input parameters include, but are not limited to, one or more of a first random number, a first communication parameter, a fresh parameter, antenna indication information, identification information of the first node, identification information of the second node, and the like.

[0297] For related explanations, please refer to the related explanations of step S1301.

[0298] In one possible implementation, if a first node generates a first security parameter in a particular manner, a second node also generates the first security parameter in the same manner, so that the first node and the second node have consistent security parameters.

[0299] Step S1305: The second node obtains a first measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal.

[0300] It will be appreciated that the second node performs the inverse of the operations performed by the first node on the first security measurement signal to obtain the first measurement sequence.

[0301] For example, the second node demodulates the first security measurement signal to obtain the second measurement sequence, and obtains the first measurement sequence based on the second measurement sequence.

[0302] For example, the second node may obtain the first measurement sequence in several ways:

[0303] Method 1: The second node descrambles the second measurement sequence by using the first security parameter to obtain the first measurement sequence.

[0304] The second measurement sequence includes M information bits and may be denoted as D(j), where j = 1, 2, ..., M. The first security parameter includes E information bits, where j = 1, 2, ..., E, and corresponding bit descrambling is performed on the second measurement sequence by using the first security parameter to obtain the first measurement sequence, which may be denoted as C(i), where i = 1, 2, ..., M.

[0305] Method 2: The second node performs an exclusive OR on the first security parameter and the second measurement sequence to obtain the first measurement sequence.

[0306] Method 3: The second node decrypts the second measurement sequence by using the first security parameter to obtain the first measurement sequence.

[0307] For related explanations, please refer to step S1302, and the details will not be described again here.

[0308] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, when transmitting a measurement signal, the first node processes the measurement signal based on random numbers and communication parameters to obtain a security measurement signal, and then transmits the security measurement signal to complete the ranging process. On the one hand, the random numbers are random and difficult to crack. On the other hand, the communication parameters change from time to time in the communication process. For example, the time unit and frequency unit change as the transmission progresses and are also difficult to crack. Because the measurement signal is processed by using random numbers and communication parameters, the difficulty in cracking the measurement signal is greatly increased, thereby implementing secure ranging and improving communication security.

[0309] In addition, the communication parameters can be consistently changed without a communication connection between the first node and the second node (which is a communication connection for transmitting service data), thereby reducing the connection establishment step in the ranging procedure, reducing the complexity of ranging, and improving the versatility of the ranging process. The method is further applicable to ranging in the case of multiple indirect connections, for example, ranging between two T nodes.

[0310] In Fig. 13, the first node and the second node are used as an example to explain the transmission / reception of the measurement signal. Since there are multiple possible ways to determine the input parameters, the following describes some possible ways to determine the input parameters based on Fig. 16, Fig. 17, Fig. 18, and Fig. 19. Please note that for concepts, logic, etc. not described below, please refer to the related description of Fig. 13.

[0311] [Design 1] In one possible design, a first random number and a first communication parameter are determined by a transmitting end of the measurement signal, the transmitting end transmits the first random number and the first communication parameter to a receiving end, and the transmitting end and the receiving end obtain a first security parameter based on the first random number and the first communication parameter, and perform secure transmission of the measurement signal based on the first security parameter.

[0312] Optionally, the transmitting end and the receiving end have a communication connection and support transmission of service data based on the communication connection. The service data includes a first random number and a first communication parameter. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, this design may be applied to GT ranging. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, this design may be applied to GT ranging or TT ranging.

[0313] In one possible embodiment, the transmitting end of the measurement signal is the grant node and / or the receiving end of the measurement signal is the grant node.

[0314] 16 is a schematic flowchart of another distance measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application. For ease of explanation, the sequence of S1601 to S1606 is used in the description herein, but it should be understood that this is not intended to constitute a limitation that the method is necessarily performed in the aforementioned sequence. The execution sequence, execution time, execution count, etc. of one or more of the aforementioned steps are not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Steps S1601 to S1606 are specifically as follows:

[0315] Step S1601: The first node determines a first random number and a first communication parameter.

[0316] Optionally, the first communication parameter may be determined based on one or more of a superframe number, a radio frame number, a channel number, a symbol sequence number, and the like.

[0317] Optionally, when the first communication parameter is determined, determining may include generating the first communication parameter or may include obtaining the first communication parameter by updating based on the original communication parameter.

[0318] In some scenarios, the first node does not need to generate new first communication parameters every time before transmitting a measurement signal. For example, after the first node generates the communication parameters, the communication parameters are updated, so that the updates can be performed in multiple measurement signals based on the original communication parameters to determine the first communication parameters.

[0319] Step S1602: The first node transmits a first random number and a first communication parameter.

[0320] In response, the second node receives the first communication parameter and the first random number transmitted by the first node.

[0321] Optionally, the first node does not need to transmit the first communication parameters every time before transmitting the measurement signal, in other words, transmitting the first communication parameters by the first node is an optional step during transmission of the measurement signal.

[0322] In one possible implementation, the first node determines only the preset value of the first communication parameter, and the first node and the second node may obtain new communication parameters based on changes in the preset value of the first communication parameter.

[0323] Optionally, the first node may transmit the first communication parameter in a broadcast, multicast, or unicast manner. Optionally, the first node may transmit the first random number in a broadcast, multicast, or unicast manner.

[0324] Step S1603: The first node determines a first security parameter.

[0325] The first communication parameter and the first random number are used in a process to determine a first security parameter.

[0326] For example, Bit Sequence 1 = KDF(rand, COUNTERr||Carrier Channel Number), where rand is a first random number, COUNTERr is a first communication parameter, and Carrier Channel Number is a number or sequence number of a carrier channel applicable to signal transmission, etc. The first security parameter includes some or all of the bits in Bit Sequence 1.

[0327] For example, Bit Sequence 1 = KDF(rand, COUNTERr), where rand is a first random number and COUNTERr is a first communication parameter. The first security parameter includes some or all of the bits in Bit Sequence 1.

[0328] As another example, N bit sequences are represented as B(1), B(2), B(3), etc., respectively. B(d) = KDF(rand, COUNTERr, [counter]), where N ≥ d ≥ 1, [counter] denotes the freshness parameter, and counter is an optional parameter.

[0329] In one possible design, if N is 1, counter is not required when the bit sequence is determined, or counter is a preset value, such as 0, 1, or a default value. If N is greater than 1, counter is incremented by 1 each time the bit sequence is obtained.

[0330] Optionally, if the information bit length of the security parameter required by one symbol is less than 256 bits, the counter is not required (or the counter is a preset value), and one bit sequence is used to process the data carried by one symbol. In other words, one KDF output corresponds to one symbol.

[0331] Optionally, when the information bit length of the security parameter required by one symbol is greater than 256 bits, multiple bit sequences are obtained by using a counter, and the multiple bit sequences are intercepted or spliced ​​based on the information bit length of the security parameter required by one symbol to obtain the security parameter.

[0332] In one possible implementation, different symbols correspond to different first communication parameters.

[0333] In one possible implementation, during each measurement interaction, the communication parameters are updated from a preset value, and the communication parameters are updated for each symbol. For example, during each measurement interaction, COUNTERr is updated from 0. The communication parameter COUNTERr corresponding to the current symbol is x, and when the next measurement symbol is reached, COUNTERr=x+1.

[0334] For related explanations, please refer to the related explanations of step S1301.

[0335] Step S1604: The second node determines a first security parameter.

[0336] Please refer to the related explanation on the first node side in step S1603.

[0337] Step S1605: The first node transmits a first security measurement signal, and the second node receives the first security measurement signal from the first node in response.

[0338] The first security measurement signal corresponds to the second measurement sequence. For related descriptions, see step S1302 and step S1303.

[0339] Step S1606: The second node obtains a first measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal.

[0340] For example, a first node performs a certain process to obtain a first security measurement signal, and correspondingly, upon receiving the first security measurement signal, a second node performs an inverse process to obtain a first measurement sequence.

[0341] In some scenarios, the first node updates the first communication parameter to obtain the second communication parameter, determines a second random number, obtains a second security parameter based on the second communication parameter and the second random number, and the second security parameter is used to transmit or receive a second measurement signal.

[0342] For example, the first node scrambles the third measurement sequence based on the second security parameter to obtain a fourth measurement sequence, obtains a second security measurement signal based on the fourth measurement sequence, and transmits the second security measurement signal to the third node.

[0343] As another example, a first node receives a second security measurement signal from another node and obtains a measurement sequence carried in the second security measurement signal based on a second security parameter and the second security measurement signal.

[0344] In the embodiment shown in Figure 16, the first node determines a random number and a communication parameter, and transmits the random number and the communication parameter to the second node. When transmitting a measurement signal, the first node processes the measurement signal based on the random number and the communication parameter to obtain a security measurement signal, and transmits the security measurement signal to complete the ranging process. Correspondingly, the second node receives the measurement signal based on the random number and the communication parameter.

[0345] On the one hand, random numbers are random and difficult to crack. On the other hand, communication parameters change from time to time in the communication process. For example, time-unit sequence numbers and frequency-unit numbers change as transmission progresses and are also difficult to crack. Because the measurement signal is processed by using random numbers and communication parameters, the difficulty in cracking the measurement signal is greatly increased, thereby implementing secure location measurement and improving communication security.

[0346] [Design 2] In one possible design, the first random number and the first communication parameter are determined by a receiving end of the measurement signal, the receiving end transmits the first random number and the first communication parameter to a transmitting end, the transmitting end and the receiving end obtain a first security parameter based on the first random number and the first communication parameter, and perform secure transmission of the measurement signal based on the first security parameter. Optionally, the receiving end is a grant node.

[0347] Optionally, the transmitting end and the receiving end have a communication connection and support transmission of service data based on the communication connection. The service data includes a first random number and a first communication parameter. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, this design may be applied to GT ranging. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, this design may be applied to GT ranging or TT ranging.

[0348] 17 is a schematic flowchart of yet another distance measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application. For ease of explanation, the sequence of S1701 to S1706 is used in the description herein, but it should be understood that this is not intended to constitute a limitation that the method is necessarily performed in the aforementioned sequence. The execution sequence, execution time, execution count, etc. of one or more of the aforementioned steps are not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Steps S1701 to S1706 are specifically as follows:

[0349] Step S1701: The second node determines a first communication parameter and a first random number.

[0350] Please refer to the related description on the first node side in step S1601. This step is applicable to the second node side.

[0351] Step S1702: The second node transmits a first random number and a first communication parameter.

[0352] Please refer to the related description on the first node side in step S1602. This step is applicable to the second node side.

[0353] Step S1703: The first node determines a first security parameter.

[0354] Step S1704: The second node determines a first security parameter.

[0355] Step S1705: The first node transmits a first security measurement signal, and the second node correspondingly receives the first security measurement signal from the first node.

[0356] Step S1706: The second node obtains a first measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal.

[0357] For steps S1703 to S1706, please refer to steps S1603 to S1606.

[0358] 17, the second node determines a random number and a communication parameter, and sends the random number and the communication parameter to the first node. When sending a measurement signal, the first node processes the measurement signal based on the random number and the communication parameter to obtain a security measurement signal, and sends the security measurement signal to complete the ranging process, thereby performing secure ranging and improving communication security.

[0359] [Design 3] In one possible design, the first communication parameter is determined by a third node, and the third node transmits the first communication parameter to the transmitting end and the receiving end. The first random number is determined by the transmitting end, and the first random number is transmitted to the receiving end by using the third node. The transmitting end and the receiving end obtain a first security parameter based on the first random number and the first communication parameter, and perform secure transmission of the measurement signal based on the first security parameter.

[0360] Optionally, the third node is a grant node.

[0361] Or, alternatively, the third node is a node that is communicatively connected to both the first node and the second node.

[0362] Optionally, there is no communication connection between the transmitting end and the receiving end, or service data transmission is not supported between the transmitting end and the receiving end. For example, as shown in Figure 6, this design may be applied to TT ranging, and the third node is a G node.

[0363] 18 is a schematic flowchart of yet another distance measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application. For ease of explanation, the sequence of S1801 to S1809 is used in the description herein, but it should be understood that this is not intended to constitute a limitation that the method is necessarily performed in the aforementioned sequence. The execution sequence, execution time, execution count, etc. of one or more of the aforementioned steps are not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Steps S1801 to S1809 are specifically as follows:

[0364] Step S1801: The first node determines a first random number.

[0365] Step S1802: The first node sends a first random number to the third node.

[0366] Step S1803: The third node determines a first communication parameter.

[0367] Step S1803 is an optional step, in other words, the third node does not have to perform step S1803.

[0368] In one possible embodiment, the third node does not need to generate new first communication parameters every time before transmitting a measurement signal. For example, after the first node generates the communication parameters, the communication parameters are updated. The first node and the second node may perform updates based on the original communication parameters to determine the first communication parameters.

[0369] Optionally, the third node may determine a preset value of the communication parameter and send the preset value to the first node and the second node, and the first node and the second node perform updates based on the preset value of the communication parameter and determine security parameters based on the new communication parameter in the process of sending / receiving the measurement signal multiple times.

[0370] Step S1804: The third node transmits the first random number and the first communication parameter to the second node, and in response, the second node receives the first random number and the first communication parameter from the third node.

[0371] Optionally, the first communication parameter is an optional parameter.

[0372] Step S1805: The third node sends the first communication parameters to the first node, and in response, the second node receives the first communication parameters from the first node.

[0373] Step S1805 is an optional step, in other words, the third node does not have to perform step S1805.

[0374] Step S1806: The first node determines a first security parameter.

[0375] Step S1807: The second node determines a first security parameter.

[0376] Step S1808: The first node transmits a first security measurement signal.

[0377] Step S1809: The second node obtains a first measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal.

[0378] For steps S1806 to S1809, please refer to steps S1603 to S1606.

[0379] 18, the first node determines a random number and transmits the random number to the third node, which forwards the random number to the second node. The third node may further determine communication parameters and transmit the communication parameters to the first node and the second node.

[0380] When transmitting the measurement signal, the first node processes the measurement signal based on the random number and the communication parameters to obtain a security measurement signal, and transmits the security measurement signal to complete the ranging process, thereby performing secure ranging and improving node security.

[0381] In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 18, ranging can be performed without a communication connection between the first node and the second node (which is a communication connection for transmitting service data). For example, the third node transfers random numbers, etc., so that the random numbers of the first node and the second node match. The communication parameters can also be consistently changed based on preset values. In conclusion, in the above-described embodiment, the steps of the ranging procedure are reduced, the complexity of ranging is reduced, and the versatility of ranging is improved.

[0382] [Design 4] In one possible design, the first communication parameter is determined by a third node, and the third node transmits the first communication parameter to the transmitting end and the receiving end. The first random number is determined by the receiving end, and the first random number is transmitted to the transmitting end by using the third node. The transmitting end and the receiving end obtain a first security parameter based on the first random number and the first communication parameter, and perform secure transmission of the measurement signal based on the first security parameter.

[0383] For a related description, please refer to the related description of the embodiment shown in Figure 18. However, the first random number is determined by the second node and provided to the third node, and the third node forwards the first random number to the first node.

[0384] [Design 5] In one possible design, the first random number and the first communication parameter are determined by a third node, and the third node transmits the first random number and the first communication parameter to the transmitting end and the receiving end, and the transmitting end and the receiving end obtain a first security parameter based on the first random number and the first communication parameter and perform secure transmission of the measurement signal based on the first security parameter.

[0385] Optionally, the third node is a grant node.

[0386] Or, alternatively, the third node is a node that is communicatively connected to both the first node and the second node.

[0387] Optionally, there is no communication connection between the transmitting end and the receiving end, or service data transmission is not supported between the transmitting end and the receiving end. For example, as shown in Figure 6, this design may be applied to TT ranging, and the third node is a G node.

[0388] 19 is a schematic flowchart of yet another distance measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application. For ease of explanation, the sequence of S1901 to S1906 is used in the description herein, but it should be understood that this is not intended to constitute a limitation that the method is necessarily performed in the aforementioned sequence. The execution sequence, execution time, execution count, etc. of one or more of the aforementioned steps are not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Steps S1901 to S1906 are specifically as follows:

[0389] Step S1901: The third node determines a first communication parameter.

[0390] Furthermore, the third node provides the first random number to the first node and the second node. It should be understood that step S1901 is an optional step. In other words, the third node does not have to perform step S1901.

[0391] The third node transmits the first communication parameters to the second node, and in response, the second node receives the first communication parameters from the third node.

[0392] The third node transmits the first communication parameters to the first node, and in response, the first node receives the first communication parameters from the third node.

[0393] Step S1902: The third node determines a first random number.

[0394] Additionally, the third node provides a first random number to the first node and the second node.

[0395] Step S1903: The first node determines a first security parameter.

[0396] Step S1904: The second node determines a first security parameter.

[0397] Step S1905: The first node transmits a first security measurement signal.

[0398] Step S1906: The second node obtains a first measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal.

[0399] For steps S1903 to S1906, please refer to steps S1603 to S1606.

[0400] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 19, ranging can be performed without a communication connection between the first node and the second node (which is a communication connection for transmitting service data). The third node transmits random numbers to both ends for measurement, so that the random numbers of the first node and the second node match. The communication parameters can also be consistently changed based on preset values. In conclusion, in the above-described embodiment, the steps of the ranging procedure are reduced, the complexity of ranging is reduced, and the versatility of ranging is improved.

[0401] The above illustrates the process of sending / receiving a single measurement signal, and the following illustrates the multi-node ranging interaction process.

[0402] In one possible example, a multi-node ranging process is described with reference to Figures 20 and 21 based on the ranging process shown in Figure 10. Optionally, the measurement target node G establishes connections to measurement node T1, measurement node T2, and measurement node T3, and the connection method may be a SparkLink connection, for example, an SLB-based or SLE-based connection.

[0403] The following first describes the process of transmitting the measurement signal S1 by using an example with reference to FIG.

[0404] 20 is a schematic flowchart of yet another distance measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application. For ease of explanation, the sequence of S2001 to S2007 is used in the description herein, but it should be understood that this is not intended to constitute a limitation that the method is necessarily performed in the aforementioned sequence. The execution sequence, execution time, execution count, etc. of one or more of the aforementioned steps are not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Steps S2001 to S2007 are specifically as follows:

[0405] Step S2001: The measurement target node G determines a communication parameter 1.

[0406] Additionally, the measured node G provides communication parameter 1 (eg, represented as COUNTERr) to the measuring nodes, eg, measurement node T1, measurement node T2, and measurement node T3.

[0407] Optionally, if frequency hopping needs to be performed, the first node determines a frequency hopping channel sequence and sends the channel sequence to measurement node T1, measurement node T2, and measurement node T3.

[0408] Step S2002: The measurement target node G determines a random number 1.

[0409] Additionally, the measured node G provides a random number 1 (eg, represented as rand1) to the measurement nodes, eg, measurement node T1, measurement node T2, and measurement node T3.

[0410] Optionally, the measured node G further provides the source address and / or destination address of the measurement signal S1 to the measuring node.

[0411] Step S2003: The measurement target node G determines the security parameter 1.

[0412] The security parameter comprises some or all of the bits in a bit sequence (called bit sequence 1 for ease of distinction). There may be one or more bit sequences.

[0413] In one example, bit sequence 1 = KDF(rand1, COUNTERr, [counter]), where COUNTERr is the first communication parameter and rand1 is the random number 1. For example, the information bit length of bit sequence 1 is 256 bits or 128 bits.

[0414] In one possible implementation, COUNTERr may be determined based on one or more of a superframe number, a radio frame number, a channel number (if frequency hopping is required), a symbol sequence number, etc. Optionally, COUNTERr is different for different symbols. For example, COUNTERr corresponding to symbol #1 is 1, and COUNTERr corresponding to symbol #2 is 2.

[0415] In another possible implementation, for each positioning measurement, COUNTERr starts at 0 and is incremented by 1 for each symbol. When the next measurement symbol is reached, COUNTERr is incremented by 1.

[0416] Optionally, if the length of the security parameter required by one symbol is less than 256 bits, the counter (or the counter is a preset value, for example, 0, 1, or a default value) is not needed, and one KDF output result (which is a bit sequence) corresponds to one symbol. If the length of the security parameter required by one symbol is greater than 256 bits, the counter is incremented by 1 to obtain multiple KDF output results, and the multiple KDF output results are truncated or spliced ​​into one security parameter based on the length required by one symbol.

[0417] Step S2004: The measuring node T1 determines the security parameter 1. See step S2003.

[0418] Step S2005: The measuring node T2 determines the security parameter 1. See step S2003.

[0419] Step S2006: The measuring node T3 determines the security parameter 1. See step S2003.

[0420] Step S2007: The measurement target node G transmits a measurement signal S1.

[0421] The measurement signal S1 is a scrambled measurement signal obtained based on the security parameter 1. Correspondingly, the measurement node T1, the measurement node T2, and the measurement node T3 receive the measurement signal S1 scrambled based on the security parameter 1.

[0422] The following describes the process of transmitting the measurement signal S2, the measurement signal S3, and the measurement signal S4 by using an example, with reference to FIG.

[0423] 21 is a schematic flowchart of yet another distance measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application. For ease of explanation, the sequence of S2101 to S2113 is used in the description herein, but it should be understood that this is not intended to constitute a limitation that the method is necessarily performed in the aforementioned sequence. The execution sequence, execution time, execution count, etc. of one or more of the aforementioned steps are not limited in the embodiment of the present application. S2101 to S2113 are specifically as follows:

[0424] Step S2101: The measurement target node G determines the communication parameter 2.

[0425] Furthermore, the measured node G provides communication parameters 2 to the measurement nodes, for example, measurement node T1, measurement node T2, and measurement node T3.

[0426] Optionally, if frequency hopping needs to be performed, the measured node G determines a frequency hopping channel sequence and sends the channel sequence to the measuring node T1, the measuring node T2, and the measuring node T3.

[0427] Step S2102: The sensor node T1 determines a random number 2.

[0428] The random number 2 is represented as rand2. Furthermore, the measuring node T1 provides the random number 2 to the node G to be measured.

[0429] Step S2103: The measurement target node G determines the security parameter 2.

[0430] For example, security parameter 2 is determined based on a bit sequence (called bit sequence 2 for ease of distinction). Bit sequence 2 = KDF(rand2, COUNTERr, [counter]). For example, the information bit length of bit sequence 2 is 256 bits or 128 bits.

[0431] For related explanation, see step S2003.

[0432] Step S2104: The measuring node T1 determines the security parameter 2. See step S2103.

[0433] Step S2105: The measuring node T1 transmits a measurement signal S2 to the measurement target node G.

[0434] The measurement signal S2 is a scrambled measurement signal obtained based on the security parameter 2. Correspondingly, the measurement target node G receives the measurement signal S2 scrambled based on the security parameter 2.

[0435] Step S2106: The sensor node T2 determines a random number 3.

[0436] The random number 3 is represented as rand3. Furthermore, the measuring node T2 provides the random number 3 to the node G to be measured.

[0437] Step S2107: The measurement target node G determines the security parameter 3.

[0438] For example, security parameter 3 is determined based on a bit sequence (called bit sequence 3 for ease of distinction). Bit sequence 3 = KDF(rand3, COUNTERr, [counter]). For example, the information bit length of bit sequence 3 is 256 bits or 128 bits.

[0439] For related explanation, see step S2003.

[0440] Step S2108: The measuring node T2 determines the security parameter 3. See step S2107.

[0441] Step S2109: The measuring node T2 transmits the measurement signal S3 to the measurement target node G.

[0442] The measurement signal S3 is a scrambled measurement signal obtained based on the security parameter 3. Correspondingly, the measurement target node G receives the measurement signal S3 scrambled based on the security parameter 3.

[0443] Step S2110: The sensor node T3 determines a random number 4.

[0444] The random number 4 is represented as rand4. Furthermore, the measurement node T3 provides the random number 4 to the measurement target node G.

[0445] Step S2111: The measurement target node G determines the security parameter 4.

[0446] For example, security parameter 4 is determined based on a bit sequence (called bit sequence 4 for ease of distinction). Bit sequence 4 = KDF(rand4, COUNTERr, [counter]). For example, the information bit length of bit sequence 4 is 256 bits or 128 bits.

[0447] For related explanation, see step S2003.

[0448] Step S2112: The measuring node T3 determines the security parameter 4. See step S2111.

[0449] Step S2113: The measuring node T3 transmits the measurement signal S4 to the measurement target node G.

[0450] The measurement signal S4 is a scrambled measurement signal obtained based on the security parameter 4. Correspondingly, the measurement target node G receives the measurement signal S4 scrambled based on the security parameter 4.

[0451] 20 and 21, the measurement target node G and the measurement node T1 complete one ranging interaction (measurement signal S1 and measurement signal S2). In this manner, the distance between the measurement target node G and the measurement node T1 can be calculated. Similarly, the measurement target node G and the measurement node T2 complete one ranging interaction (measurement signal S1 and measurement signal S3). In this manner, the distance between the measurement target node G and the measurement node T2 can be calculated. Similarly, the measurement target node G and the measurement node T3 complete one ranging interaction (measurement signal S1 and measurement signal S4). In this manner, the distance between the measurement target node G and the measurement node T3 can be calculated.

[0452] Based on the measurement signals S1, S2, S3, and S4, the angle and position of the measurement target node G can be determined, and the measurement target node G can be located.

[0453] In the following, the ranging process shown in FIG. 12 is used as an example to explain the possible cases of multi-node ranging with reference to FIG. 22 and FIG.

[0454] The following first describes the process of transmitting the measurement signal S5 by using an example.

[0455] 22 is a schematic flowchart of yet another distance measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application. For ease of explanation, the sequence of S2201 to S2207 is used in the description herein, but it should be understood that this is not intended to constitute a limitation that the method is necessarily performed in the aforementioned sequence. The execution sequence, execution time, execution count, etc. of one or more of the aforementioned steps are not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Steps S2201 to S2207 are specifically as follows:

[0456] Step S2201: The sensor node G determines the communication parameter 3.

[0457] Furthermore, the measurement node G provides a communication parameter 3 (eg, represented as COUNTERr) to the measurement target node T1, the measurement node T2, and the measurement node T3.

[0458] Optionally, the measurement node G further provides the source address and / or destination address of the measurement signal S4 to the measured node T1, the measurement node T2 and the measurement node T3.

[0459] Optionally, if frequency hopping needs to be performed, the first node determines a frequency hopping channel sequence and sends the channel sequence to measurement node T1, measurement node T2, and measurement node T3.

[0460] Step S2202: The measurement target node T1 determines a random number 5.

[0461] The random number 5 is represented as rand5. Furthermore, the measured node T1 provides the random number 5 (e.g., represented as rand5) to the measurement node G, which then forwards the random number 5 to other measurement nodes, e.g., measurement node T2 and measurement node T3.

[0462] Step S2203: The measurement target node T1 determines the security parameter 5.

[0463] For example, security parameter 5 is determined based on a bit sequence (called bit sequence 5 for ease of distinction). Bit sequence 5 = KDF(rand5, COUNTERr, [counter]). For example, the information bit length of bit sequence 5 is 256 bits or 128 bits.

[0464] For related explanation, see step S2003.

[0465] Step S2204: The measuring node G determines the security parameter 5. See step S2203.

[0466] Step S2205: The measuring node T2 determines the security parameter 5. See step S2203.

[0467] Step S2206: The measuring node T3 determines the security parameter 5. See step S2203.

[0468] Step S2207: The measurement target node T1 transmits a measurement signal S5.

[0469] The measurement signal S5 is a scrambled measurement signal obtained based on the security parameter 5. Correspondingly, the measurement node G, the measurement node T2, and the measurement node T3 receive the measurement signal S1 scrambled based on the security parameter 5.

[0470] The following describes the process of transmitting measurement signal S6, measurement signal S7, and measurement signal S8 by using an example.

[0471] 23 is a schematic flowchart of yet another distance measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application. For ease of explanation, the sequence of S2301 to S2313 is used in the description herein, but it should be understood that this is not intended to constitute a limitation that the method is necessarily performed in the aforementioned sequence. The execution sequence, execution time, execution count, etc. of one or more of the aforementioned steps are not limited in the embodiment of the present application. S2301 to S2313 are specifically as follows:

[0472] Step S2301: The sensor node G determines the communication parameter 4.

[0473] Furthermore, the measurement node G provides communication parameters 4 to the measurement target node T1, the measurement node T2, and the measurement node T3.

[0474] Optionally, if frequency hopping needs to be performed, the measuring node G determines a frequency hopping channel sequence and transmits the channel sequence to the measured node T1, the measuring node T2, and the measuring node T3.

[0475] Step S2302: The sensor node G determines a random number 6.

[0476] The random number 6 is represented as rand6. Additionally, measurement node G provides the random number 6 to measurement node T1.

[0477] Step S2303: The measurement target node T1 determines the security parameter 6.

[0478] For example, security parameter 6 is determined based on a bit sequence (called bit sequence 6 for ease of distinction). Bit sequence 6 = KDF(rand6, COUNTERr, [counter]). For example, the information bit length of bit sequence 6 is 256 bits or 128 bits.

[0479] For related explanation, see step S2003.

[0480] Step S2304: The measuring node G determines the security parameter 6. See step S2303.

[0481] Step S2305: The measuring node G transmits a measurement signal S6 to the measurement target node T1.

[0482] The measurement signal S6 is a scrambled measurement signal obtained based on the security parameter 6. Correspondingly, the measurement target node T1 receives the measurement signal S6 scrambled based on the security parameter 6.

[0483] Step S2306: The sensor node T2 determines a random number 7.

[0484] The random number 7 is represented as rand7. Furthermore, the measurement node T2 provides the random number 7 to the measurement node G, and the measurement node G forwards the random number 7 to the measurement target node T1.

[0485] Step S2307: The measurement target node T1 determines the security parameter 7.

[0486] For example, security parameter 7 is determined based on a bit sequence (called bit sequence 7 for ease of distinction). Bit sequence 7 = KDF(rand3, COUNTERr, [counter]). For example, the information bit length of bit sequence 7 is 256 bits or 128 bits.

[0487] For related explanation, see step S2003.

[0488] Step S2308: The measuring node T2 determines the security parameter 7. See step S2303.

[0489] Step S2309: The measuring node T2 transmits a measurement signal S7 to the measurement target node T1.

[0490] The measurement signal S7 is a scrambled measurement signal obtained based on the security parameter 7. Correspondingly, the measurement target node T1 receives the measurement signal S7 scrambled based on the security parameter 7.

[0491] Step S2310: The sensor node T3 determines a random number 8.

[0492] The random number 8 is represented as rand8. Furthermore, the measurement node T3 provides the random number 8 to the measurement node G, and the measurement node 8 provides the random number to the node being measured T1.

[0493] Step S2311: The measurement target node T1 determines the security parameter 8.

[0494] For example, security parameter 8 is determined based on a bit sequence (called bit sequence 8 for ease of distinction): bit sequence 8 = KDF(rand4, COUNTERr, [counter]). For example, the information bit length of bit sequence 8 is 256 bits or 128 bits.

[0495] For related explanation, see step S2003.

[0496] Step S2312: The measuring node T3 determines the security parameter 8. See step S2312.

[0497] Step S2313: The measuring node T3 transmits a measurement signal S8 to the measurement target node T1.

[0498] The measurement signal S8 is a scrambled measurement signal obtained based on the security parameter 8. Correspondingly, the measurement target node T1 receives the measurement signal S8 scrambled based on the security parameter 8.

[0499] 22 and 23, the measurement target node T1 and the measurement node G complete one ranging interaction (measurement signal S5 and measurement signal S6). In this manner, the distance between the measurement target node T1 and the measurement node G can be calculated. Similarly, the measurement target node T1 and the measurement node T2 complete one ranging interaction (measurement signal S5 and measurement signal S7). In this manner, the distance between the measurement target node T1 and the measurement node T2 can be calculated. Similarly, the measurement target node T1 and the measurement node T3 complete one ranging interaction (measurement signal S5 and measurement signal S8). In this manner, the distance between the measurement target node T1 and the measurement node T2 can be calculated.

[0500] Based on the measurement signals S5, S6, S7, and S8, the angle and position of the measurement target node T1 can be determined, and the measurement target node T1 can be located.

[0501] In the following, the ranging process shown in FIG. 12 is used as an example to explain the possible cases of multi-node ranging with reference to FIG. 24 and FIG. 25.

[0502] The following first describes the process of transmitting the measurement signal S5 by using an example.

[0503] 24 is a schematic flowchart of yet another distance measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application. For ease of explanation, the sequence of S2401 to S2407 is used in the description herein, but it should be understood that this is not intended to constitute a limitation that the method is necessarily performed in the aforementioned sequence. The execution sequence, execution time, execution count, etc. of one or more of the aforementioned steps are not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Steps S2401 to S2407 are specifically as follows:

[0504] Step S2401: The measurement node G determines the communication parameter 3. See step S2201.

[0505] Step S2402: The sensor node G determines a random number 5.

[0506] The random number 5 is represented as rand5. Furthermore, the measurement node G provides the random number 5 to the measurement target node T1, the measurement node T2, and the measurement node T3.

[0507] Step S2403: The measurement target node T1 determines the security parameter 5.

[0508] Step S2404: The measuring node G determines the security parameter 5.

[0509] Step S2405: The measuring node T2 determines the security parameter 5.

[0510] Step S2406: The measuring node T3 determines the security parameter 5.

[0511] Step S2407: The measurement target node T1 transmits a measurement signal S5. For steps S2403 to S2407, see steps S2203 to S2207.

[0512] The following describes the process of transmitting measurement signal S6, measurement signal S7, and measurement signal S8 by using an example.

[0513] 25 is a schematic flowchart of yet another distance measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application. For ease of explanation, the sequence of S2501 to S2513 is used in the description herein, but it should be understood that this is not intended to constitute a limitation that the method is necessarily performed in the aforementioned sequence. The execution sequence, execution time, execution count, etc. of one or more of the aforementioned steps are not limited in the embodiment of the present application. S2501 to S2513 are specifically as follows:

[0514] Step S2501: The sensor node G determines the communication parameter 4.

[0515] Step S2502: The sensor node G determines a random number 6.

[0516] Step S2503: The measurement target node T1 determines the security parameter 6.

[0517] Step S2504: The measuring node G determines the security parameter 6.

[0518] Step S2505: The measuring node G transmits the measurement signal S6 to the measurement target node T1. For steps S2501 to S2505, see steps S2301 to S2305.

[0519] Step S2506: The sensor node G determines a random number 7.

[0520] The random number 7 is represented as rand7. Furthermore, the measurement node G provides the random number 7 to the measurement node T2 and the measured node T1.

[0521] Step S2507: The measurement target node T1 determines the security parameter 7.

[0522] Step S2508: The measuring node T2 determines the security parameter 7.

[0523] Step S2509: The measuring node T2 transmits the measurement signal S7 to the measurement target node T1. For steps S2507 to S2509, see steps S2307 to S2309.

[0524] Step S2510: The sensor node G determines a random number 8.

[0525] The random number 7 is represented as rand8. Furthermore, the measurement node G provides the random number 8 to the measurement node T2 and the measured node T1.

[0526] Step S2511: The measurement target node T1 determines the security parameter 8.

[0527] Step S2512: The measuring node T3 determines the security parameter 8.

[0528] Step S2513: The measuring node T3 transmits the measurement signal S8 to the measurement target node T1. For steps S2511 to S2513, see steps S2311 to S2313.

[0529] 24 and 25, the measurement target node T1 and the measurement node G complete one ranging interaction (measurement signal S5 and measurement signal S6). In this manner, the distance between the measurement target node T1 and the measurement node G can be calculated. Similarly, the measurement target node T1 and the measurement node T2 complete one ranging interaction (measurement signal S5 and measurement signal S7). In this manner, the distance between the measurement target node T1 and the measurement node T2 can be calculated. Similarly, the measurement target node T1 and the measurement node T3 complete one ranging interaction (measurement signal S5 and measurement signal S8). In this manner, the distance between the measurement target node T1 and the measurement node T2 can be calculated.

[0530] Based on the measurement signals S5, S6, S7, and S8, the angle and position of the measurement target node T1 can be determined, and the measurement target node T1 can be located.

[0531] The above describes in detail the method in the embodiment of the present application. The following provides the apparatus in the embodiment of the present application.

[0532] It should be understood that the division of units within the device provided in the embodiments of the present application is merely a logical division of functions. In actual implementation, all or some of the units may be integrated into one physical entity or may be physically separated. In addition, the units within the device may be implemented in the form of software called by a processor. For example, the device includes a processor. The processor is connected to a memory. The memory stores instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to perform any one of the above-mentioned methods or perform the functions of each unit of the device. The processor is, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor. The memory is memory within the device or memory external to the device. Alternatively, the units within the device may be implemented in the form of a hardware circuit, and the functions of some or all of the units may be implemented by designing a hardware circuit. A hardware circuit may be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one embodiment, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and the functions of some or all of the above-mentioned units are implemented by designing logical relationships between elements within the circuit. As another example, in another embodiment, the hardware circuitry may be implemented using a programmable logic device (PLD). As an example, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) may be used, which may include a number of logic gate circuits. A configuration file is used to configure the connections between the logic gate circuits to implement some or all of the functions of the aforementioned units.All units of the aforementioned devices may be implemented in the form of software that is called by a processor, or all units may be implemented in the form of hardware circuits, or some units may be implemented in the form of software that is called by a processor and the remaining units may be implemented in the form of hardware circuits.

[0533] In this embodiment of the present application, the processor is a circuit having signal processing capabilities. In one embodiment, the processor may be a circuit having instruction reading and execution capabilities, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which may also be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another embodiment, the processor may perform a specific function by using logical relationships in a hardware circuit. The logical relationships in the hardware circuit may be fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a hardware circuit, such as an FPGA implemented by a programmable logic device (PLD). In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document to implement the hardware circuit configuration may be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement some or all of the functions of the aforementioned units. In addition, the processor may alternatively be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence and may be understood as an ASIC, for example a Neural Network Processing Unit (NPU), a Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), or a Deep learning Processing Unit (DPU).

[0534] It will be appreciated that each unit in the aforementioned apparatus may be one or more processors (or processing circuits) configured to perform the aforementioned method, such as a CPU, GPU, NPU, TPU, DPU, microprocessor, DSP, ASIC, or FPGA, or a combination of at least two of these processor forms.

[0535] In addition, all or some of the units in the aforementioned devices may be integrated or implemented independently. In one embodiment, these units are integrated with each other and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC). The SOC may include at least one processor configured to perform any one of the methods or perform the functions of the units in the device. The type of the at least one processor may be different. For example, the at least one processor may include a CPU and an FPGA, or a CPU and an artificial intelligence processor, or a CPU and a GPU.

[0536] The following lists some possible devices:

[0537] 26 is a diagram of a structure of a communication device according to one embodiment of the present application. Optionally, the communication device 260 may be an independent device, such as a node. Alternatively, the communication device 260 may be a component within an independent device (e.g., a node), such as a chip or an integrated circuit. The communication device 260 is configured to implement the ranging methods described above, such as the ranging methods shown in FIG. 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or 25.

[0538] In one possible design, the communication device 260 includes a processing unit 2601 and a communication unit 2602. The communication device 260 is configured to implement the method of transmitting the measurement signal in the ranging method described above. For example, the communication device 260 is the first node in the embodiment of FIG. 13, FIG. 16, FIG. 17, FIG. 18, or FIG. 19.

[0539] In one possible embodiment, the processing unit 2601 is configured to determine a first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters, the plurality of input parameters including a first random number and a first communication parameter; The processing unit 2601 is further configured to obtain a second measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence; The communication unit 2602 is configured to transmit a first security measurement signal, the first security measurement signal being associated with the second measurement sequence, and the first security measurement signal being used for location information measurement.

[0540] In another possible implementation, the first communication parameter relates to one or more of the following information: A sequence number of a first OFDM symbol, a number of a first time unit, or a number of a first frequency unit, the first OFDM symbol carrying a first security measurement signal, the first time unit including the first OFDM symbol, and the first frequency unit including a frequency resource used to transmit the first security measurement signal.

[0541] In yet another possible embodiment, the first time unit is included in a plurality of consecutive time units, and based on a preset frequency unit number sequence for transmission, frequency hopping transmission is performed for signals carried in a plurality of consecutive time units, and the number of the first frequency unit belongs to the preset frequency unit number sequence.

[0542] In yet another possible implementation, the first communication parameter is associated with the position of the first OFDM symbol relative to the second OFDM symbol, the first OFDM symbol carries a first security measurement signal, the second OFDM symbol carries a second security measurement signal, and the first communication parameter corresponding to the second security measurement signal is a preset value.

[0543] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit 2601 is further configured to scramble the first measurement sequence by using the first security parameter to obtain the second measurement sequence.

[0544] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit 2601 is further configured to perform an exclusive-or on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence to obtain a second measurement sequence.

[0545] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit 2601: Obtaining N bit sequences based on a plurality of input parameters, the N bit sequences including a first security parameter, where N is an integer and N≧1. It is further configured as follows.

[0546] In yet another possible embodiment, when N is greater than 1, the plurality of input parameters further includes a fresh parameter, and the processing unit 2601: Obtaining N bit sequences based on the first random number, the first communication parameter, and a fresh parameter, and the fresh parameter is updated every time after one of the N bit sequences is obtained. It is further configured as follows.

[0547] In yet another possible implementation, the fresh parameter corresponding to a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences is a preset value, and the fresh parameter corresponding to a second bit sequence among the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and a sequence number of the second bit sequence, the second bit sequence being different from the first bit sequence.

[0548] In yet another possible implementation, when N is greater than 1, the processing unit 2601 Obtaining a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences based on a plurality of input parameters; Obtain an I-th bit sequence based on multiple input parameters and an (I-1)-th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N≧I≧2. It is further configured as follows.

[0549] In yet another possible embodiment, the first security measurement signal comprises a plurality of measurement sub-signals, the plurality of measurement sub-signals being transmitted via a plurality of antennas; The first measurement sequence includes a plurality of first subsequences, and the plurality of subsequences respectively generate a plurality of second subsequences by using different portions of the first security parameter, and the plurality of second subsequences belong to the second measurement sequence; Each measurement sub-signal corresponds to one of the plurality of second sub-sequences.

[0550] In yet another possible implementation, the communication unit 2602 is further configured to transmit a first security measurement signal to the second node, and the first security measurement signal is used to measure the distance between the first node and the second node.

[0551] In yet another possible implementation, the first random number is determined by the first node, and the communication unit 2602 is further configured to transmit the first random number to the second node.

[0552] In yet another possible implementation, the communication unit 2602 is further configured to receive a first random number from the second node.

[0553] In yet another possible implementation, the first random number is determined by the first node, and the communication unit 2602 is further configured to transmit the first random number to a third node.

[0554] In yet another possible implementation, the communication unit 2602 is further configured to receive a communication address of the second node from a third node.

[0555] In yet another possible implementation, the third node is a node that transmits data scheduling information, and the first node is a node that receives and / or transmits data based on the data scheduling information.

[0556] In yet another possible implementation, the first communication parameter is from a grant node, the grant node being the node that transmits the data scheduling information.

[0557] Optionally, the first node is a grant node, or the third node is a grant node, or the second node is a grant node.

[0558] In yet another possible embodiment, the first measurement sequence is a pseudo-random sequence.

[0559] In yet another possible implementation, the plurality of input parameters further includes indication information, the indication information indicating at least one of the plurality of antennas, and the first security measurement signal is transmitted via the at least one antenna.

[0560] In yet another possible design, the communication device 260 includes a processing unit 2601 and a communication unit 2602. The communication device 260 is configured to implement the method for receiving the measurement signal in the ranging method described above. For example, the communication device 260 is the second node in the embodiment of FIG. 13, 16, 17, 18, or 19.

[0561] In one possible embodiment, the processing unit 2601 is configured to determine a first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters, the plurality of input parameters including a first random number and a first communication parameter; the communication unit 2602 is configured to receive a first security measurement signal, the first security measurement signal being associated with a second measurement sequence, and the first security measurement signal being used for location information measurement; The processing unit 2601 is further configured to obtain a first measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal.

[0562] In another possible implementation, the first communication parameter relates to one or more of the following information: A sequence number of a first OFDM symbol, a number of a first time unit, or a number of a first frequency unit, the first OFDM symbol carrying a first security measurement signal, the first time unit including the first OFDM symbol, and the first frequency unit including a frequency resource used to transmit the first security measurement signal.

[0563] In yet another possible embodiment, the first time unit is included in a plurality of consecutive time units, and based on a preset frequency unit number sequence for transmission, frequency hopping transmission is performed for signals carried in a plurality of consecutive time units, and the number of the first frequency unit belongs to the preset frequency unit number sequence.

[0564] In yet another possible implementation, the first communication parameter is associated with the position of the first OFDM symbol relative to the second OFDM symbol, the first OFDM symbol carries a first security measurement signal, the second OFDM symbol carries a second security measurement signal, and the first communication parameter corresponding to the second security measurement signal is a preset value.

[0565] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit 2601 is further configured to descramble the second measurement sequence by using the first security parameter to obtain the first measurement sequence.

[0566] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit 2601 is further configured to perform an exclusive-or on the first security parameter and the second measurement sequence to obtain the first measurement sequence.

[0567] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit 2601: Obtaining N bit sequences based on a plurality of input parameters, the N bit sequences including a first security parameter, where N is an integer and N≧1. It is further configured as follows.

[0568] In yet another possible embodiment, when N is greater than 1, the plurality of input parameters further includes a fresh parameter, and the processing unit 2601 obtains N bit sequences based on the first random number, the first communication parameter, and the fresh parameter, and the fresh parameter is updated every time after one of the N bit sequences is obtained. It is further configured as follows.

[0569] In yet another possible implementation, the fresh parameter corresponding to a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences is a preset value, and the fresh parameter corresponding to a second bit sequence among the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and a sequence number of the second bit sequence, the second bit sequence being different from the first bit sequence.

[0570] In yet another possible implementation, when N is greater than 1, the processing unit 2601 Obtaining a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences based on a plurality of input parameters; Obtain an I-th bit sequence based on multiple input parameters and an (I-1)-th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N≧I≧2. It is further configured as follows.

[0571] In yet another possible embodiment, the first security measurement signal comprises a plurality of measurement sub-signals, the plurality of measurement sub-signals being transmitted via a plurality of antennas of the first node and received via a plurality of antennas of the second node, respectively; The first measurement sequence includes a plurality of first subsequences, and the plurality of subsequences respectively generate a plurality of second subsequences by using different portions of the first security parameter, and the plurality of second subsequences belong to the second measurement sequence; Each measurement sub-signal corresponds to one of the plurality of second sub-sequences.

[0572] In yet another possible implementation, the communication unit 2602 is further configured to receive a first random number from the first node.

[0573] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit 2601 is further configured to determine a first random number; The communication unit 2602 is further configured to transmit the first random number to the first node.

[0574] In yet another possible implementation, the communication unit 2602 is further configured to receive a first random number sent by a third node, wherein the first random number is from the first node.

[0575] In yet another possible implementation, the communication unit 2602 is further configured to receive a communication address of the first node from a third node.

[0576] In yet another possible implementation, the third node is a node that transmits data scheduling information, and the first node is a node that receives and / or transmits data based on the data scheduling information.

[0577] In yet another possible implementation, the first communication parameter is from a grant node, the grant node being the node that transmits the data scheduling information.

[0578] In yet another possible embodiment, the first measurement sequence is a pseudo-random sequence.

[0579] In yet another possible implementation, the plurality of input parameters further includes indication information, the indication information indicating at least one of the plurality of antennas, and the first security measurement signal is transmitted via the at least one antenna.

[0580] FIG. 27 is a diagram of the structure of another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0581] The communication device 270 may be an independent device, e.g., a node, or may be a component included in an independent device, e.g., a chip, a software module, or an integrated circuit. The communication device 270 may include at least one processor 2701 and a communication interface 2702. Optionally, at least one memory 2703 may be further included. Furthermore, optionally, a connection 2704 may be further included. The processor 2701, the communication interface 2702, and / or the memory 2703 are connected via the connection 2704 and / or communicate with each other via the connection 2704 to transfer control and / or data signals.

[0582] Specifically:

[0583] (1) The processor 2701 is a module for performing arithmetic and / or logical operations, and may specifically include one or more of the following modules: a filter, a modem, a power amplifier, a low noise amplifier (LNA), a baseband processor, a radio frequency processor, a radio frequency circuit, a central processing unit (CPU), an application processor (AP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a microprocessor unit (MPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an image signal processor (ISP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a coprocessor, etc.

[0584] (2) The communication interface 2702 may be configured to provide information input or output to at least one processor, or may be configured to receive signals transmitted from an external source and / or transmit signals to an external source.

[0585] For example, the communication interface 2702 may include an interface circuit.

[0586] For example, the communication interface 2702 may be a wired link interface including an Ethernet cable, or may be a wireless link interface (such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, universal wireless transmission, in-vehicle short-range communication technology, or another short-range wireless communication technology).

[0587] Optionally, communication interface 2702 may further include a radio frequency transmitter, an antenna, etc. If communication interface 2702 includes an antenna, there may be one or more antennas.

[0588] In one possible design, when the communication device 270 is a separate device, the communication interface 2702 may include a receiver and a transmitter. The receiver and transmitter may be the same component or different components. When the receiver and transmitter are the same component, the component may be referred to as a transceiver.

[0589] In another possible design, when the communication device 270 is a chip or a circuit, the communication interface 2702 may include an input interface and an output interface, and the input interface and the output interface may be the same interface or different interfaces.

[0590] Optionally, the functionality of the communications interface 2702 may be implemented by a transceiver circuit or a dedicated transceiver chip.

[0591] (3) Memory 2703 is configured to provide storage space, and the storage space may store data such as an operating system and computer programs. Memory 2703 may be one or a combination of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), etc.

[0592] The functions and operations of the modules or units within the communication device 270 listed above are merely examples for purposes of illustration.

[0593] The functional units within the communication device 270 may be configured to implement the aforementioned ranging methods, for example, the ranging methods shown in Figures 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or 25.

[0594] Optionally, the processor 2701 may be a processor specially configured to perform the aforementioned methods (referred to as a special-purpose processor for ease of distinction), or may be a processor that invokes a computer program to perform the aforementioned methods (referred to as a special-purpose processor for ease of distinction). Optionally, the at least one processor may further include both a special-purpose processor and a general-purpose processor.

[0595] Optionally, when the communication device 270 includes at least one memory 2703, the computer program may be stored in the memory 2703, if the processor 2701 implements the above-mentioned ranging method by calling the computer program.

[0596] An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip. The chip includes a logic circuit and a communication interface. The communication interface is configured to receive or transmit a signal, and the logic circuit is configured to receive or transmit the signal via the communication interface. The chip is configured to perform the ranging method described above, for example, the ranging method shown in Figure 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or 25.

[0597] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores instructions that, when executed on at least one processor (or a communication device), perform the ranging methods described above, such as the ranging methods shown in Figures 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or 25.

[0598] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which includes computer instructions, the calculation instructions being used to implement the ranging methods described above, for example, the ranging methods shown in Figures 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or 25.

[0599] An embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal, which includes the communication device 260 and / or the communication device 270 described above.

[0600] In one possible embodiment, the terminal includes a first node and / or a second node, where the first node includes the aforementioned communication device 260 and the second node includes the aforementioned communication device 260.

[0601] The terminal may be a smart terminal or a transport vehicle such as a car, an unmanned aerial vehicle, or a robot.

[0602] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the words "example" or "for example" are used to denote providing an example, illustration, or explanation. Any embodiment or design manner described in the present application as "example" or "for example" should not be described as preferred or having more advantages over another embodiment or design manner. Rather, the use of words such as "example" or "for example" is intended to present relative concepts in a concrete manner.

[0603] In the embodiments of this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. "At least one of the following items (moieties)" or similar phrases refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (moiety) or multiple items (moieties).

[0604] For example, at least one item (portion) of a, b, or c may refer to a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a, b, and c, where a, b, and c may be singular or plural. "And / or" describes an associative relationship between associated objects and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent the following cases: when only A is present, when both A and B are present, and when only B is present, where A and B may be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between associated objects.

[0605] Additionally, unless otherwise stated, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present application are used to distinguish between multiple objects and are not intended to limit the order, chronology, priority, or importance of the multiple objects. As another example, the terms "first node" and "second node" are used merely to facilitate the description of fresh parameters in different embodiments and do not indicate different execution behaviors, importance, structures, etc. of the first node and the second node.

[0606] Depending on the context, the term "when" used in the above embodiments can be interpreted as meaning "when," "after," "upon determining," or "upon detecting." The foregoing descriptions are only optional embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the concept and principle of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0607] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the embodiments can be implemented by hardware or a program that instructs related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc. [Explanation of symbols]

[0608] 80 Communication Systems 260 Communication Equipment 270 Communication Equipment 801 First Node 802 Second Node 2601 Processing Unit 2602 Communication Unit 2701 processor 2702 Communication Interface 2703 memory 2704 Connection Line

Claims

1. 1. A method for measuring distance, the method comprising: determining a first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters, the plurality of input parameters including a first random number and a first communication parameter; obtaining a second measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence; transmitting a first security measurement signal, the first security measurement signal being associated with the second measurement sequence, the first security measurement signal being used for location information measurements; A ranging method, including:

2. The first communication parameters include the following information: A sequence number of a first OFDM symbol, a first time unit number, or a first frequency unit number, wherein the first OFDM symbol carries the first security measurement signal, the first time unit includes the first OFDM symbol, and the first frequency unit includes a frequency resource used to transmit the first security measurement signal. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is associated with one or more of:

3. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first time unit is included in a plurality of consecutive time units, and frequency hopping transmission is performed on the signal carried in the plurality of consecutive time units based on a predetermined frequency unit number sequence for transmission, and the number of the first frequency unit belongs to the predetermined frequency unit number sequence.

4. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first communication parameter is associated with a position of a first OFDM symbol relative to a second OFDM symbol, the first OFDM symbol carrying the first security measurement signal, the second OFDM symbol carrying a second security measurement signal, and the first communication parameter corresponding to the second security measurement signal is a preset value.

5. obtaining the second measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence, scrambling the first measurement sequence by using the first security parameter to obtain the second measurement sequence; or performing an exclusive-or on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence to obtain the second measurement sequence.

5. The method of claim 1, comprising:

6. determining the first security parameter based on the plurality of input parameters, obtaining N bit sequences based on the plurality of input parameters, the N bit sequences including the first security parameter, N being an integer and N≧1; 6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:

7. When N is greater than 1, the plurality of input parameters further includes a fresh parameter, and the step of obtaining the N bit sequences based on the plurality of input parameters includes: obtaining the N bit sequences based on the first random number, the first communication parameter, and the fresh parameter, wherein the fresh parameter is updated every time after one of the N bit sequences is obtained; 7. The method of claim 6, comprising:

8. a fresh parameter corresponding to a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences is a preset value, a fresh parameter corresponding to a second bit sequence among the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and a sequence number of the second bit sequence, and the second bit sequence is different from the first bit sequence; The method of claim 7.

9. When N is greater than 1, obtaining the N bit sequences based on the plurality of input parameters includes: obtaining a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences based on the plurality of input parameters; obtaining an I-th bit sequence based on the plurality of input parameters and an (I-1)-th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N≧I≧2; 9. The method of any one of claims 6 to 8, comprising:

10. the first security measurement signal includes a plurality of measurement sub-signals, the plurality of measurement sub-signals being transmitted via a plurality of antennas; the first measurement sequence includes a plurality of first subsequences, the plurality of subsequences respectively generate a plurality of second subsequences by using different portions of the first security parameter, the plurality of second subsequences belonging to the second measurement sequence; 10. The method of claim 6, wherein each measurement sub-signal corresponds to one of the plurality of second sub-sequences.

11. The method is applied to a first node, the method comprising: transmitting the first security measurement signal to a second node, the first security measurement signal being used to measure a distance between the first node and the second node; 11. The method of any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising:

12. The first random number is determined by the first node, and the method comprises: transmitting the first random number to the second node 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

13. The method comprises: receiving the first random number from the second node; 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

14. The first random number is determined by the first node, and the method comprises: transmitting the first random number to a third node; 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

15. The method comprises: receiving a communication address of the second node from the third node; 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:

16. 16. The method of claim 14 or 15, wherein the third node is a node that transmits data scheduling information, and the first node is a node that receives and / or transmits data based on the data scheduling information.

17. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the first communication parameter is from a grant node, the grant node being a node that transmits data scheduling information.

18. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the first measurement sequence is a pseudo-random sequence.

19. the plurality of input parameters further include instruction information, the instruction information instructing at least one of the plurality of antennas; 19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the first security measurement signal is transmitted via the at least one antenna.

20. 1. A method for measuring distance, the method comprising: determining a first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters, the plurality of input parameters including a first random number and a first communication parameter; receiving a first security measurement signal, the first security measurement signal being associated with the second measurement sequence, the first security measurement signal being used for location information measurements; obtaining a first measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal; A ranging method, including:

21. The first communication parameters include the following information: A sequence number of a first OFDM symbol, a first time unit number, or a first frequency unit number, wherein the first OFDM symbol carries the first security measurement signal, the first time unit includes the first OFDM symbol, and the first frequency unit includes a frequency resource used to transmit the first security measurement signal.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the method is associated with one or more of:

22. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the first time unit is included in a plurality of consecutive time units, and frequency hopping transmission is performed on the signals carried in the plurality of consecutive time units based on a preset frequency unit number sequence for transmission, and the number of the first frequency unit belongs to the preset frequency unit number sequence.

23. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the first communication parameter is associated with a position of a first OFDM symbol relative to a second OFDM symbol, the first OFDM symbol carrying the first security measurement signal, the second OFDM symbol carrying a second security measurement signal, and the first communication parameter corresponding to the second security measurement signal is a preset value.

24. The step of obtaining the first measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal includes: descrambling the second measurement sequence by using the first security parameter to obtain the first measurement sequence; or performing an exclusive-or on the first security parameter and the second measurement sequence to obtain the first measurement sequence.

24. The method of any one of claims 20 to 23, comprising:

25. determining the first security parameter based on the plurality of input parameters, obtaining N bit sequences based on the plurality of input parameters, the N bit sequences including the first security parameter, N being an integer and N≧1; 25. The method of any one of claims 20 to 24, comprising:

26. When N is greater than 1, the plurality of input parameters further includes a fresh parameter, and the step of obtaining the N bit sequences based on the plurality of input parameters includes: obtaining the N bit sequences based on the first random number, the first communication parameter, and the fresh parameter, wherein the fresh parameter is updated every time after one of the N bit sequences is obtained; 26. The method of claim 25, comprising:

27. 27. The method of claim 26, wherein a freshness parameter corresponding to a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences is a preset value, and a freshness parameter corresponding to a second bit sequence among the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and a sequence number of the second bit sequence, the second bit sequence being different from the first bit sequence.

28. When N is greater than 1, obtaining the N bit sequences based on the plurality of input parameters includes: obtaining a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences based on the plurality of input parameters; obtaining an I-th bit sequence based on the plurality of input parameters and an (I-1)-th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N≧I≧2; 28. The method of any one of claims 25 to 27, comprising:

29. the first security measurement signal includes a plurality of measurement sub-signals, the plurality of measurement sub-signals being transmitted via a plurality of antennas of the first node and received via a plurality of antennas of the second node, respectively; the first measurement sequence includes a plurality of first subsequences, the plurality of subsequences respectively generate a plurality of second subsequences by using different portions of the first security parameter, the plurality of second subsequences belonging to the second measurement sequence; 26. The method of claim 25, wherein each measurement sub-signal corresponds to one of the plurality of second sub-sequences.

30. The method comprises: receiving the first random number from the first node; 30. The method of any one of claims 20 to 29, further comprising:

31. The method comprises: determining the first random number; transmitting the first random number to the first node; 31. The method of claim 30, further comprising:

32. The method comprises: receiving the first random number transmitted by a third node, the first random number being from the first node; 30. The method of any one of claims 20 to 29, further comprising:

33. The method comprises: receiving a communication address of the first node from the third node; 33. The method of claim 32, further comprising:

34. 34. The method of claim 32 or 33, wherein the third node is a node that transmits data scheduling information, and the first node is a node that receives and / or transmits data based on the data scheduling information.

35. 35. The method of any one of claims 20 to 34, wherein the first communication parameter is from a grant node, the grant node being a node that transmits data scheduling information.

36. 36. The method of any one of claims 20 to 35, wherein the first measurement sequence is a pseudo-random sequence.

37. 37. The method of claim 20, wherein the plurality of input parameters further comprises instruction information, the instruction information instructing at least one of the plurality of antennas, and the first security measurement signal is transmitted via the at least one antenna.

38. A communication device comprising a processing unit and a communication unit, said communication device being configured to implement a ranging method according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

39. A communication device comprising an obtaining unit and a transmitting unit, said communication device being configured to implement a ranging method according to any one of claims 20 to 37.

40. A communication device, the communication device including a processor; A communications device, wherein the processor invokes a computer program or instruction in a memory to perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 19 or to perform a method according to any one of claims 20 to 37.

41. a chip, the chip including a processor; A chip, wherein when the processor invokes a computer program or instruction in memory, the method of any one of claims 1 to 19 is performed or the method of any one of claims 20 to 37 is performed.

42. 1. A communication system, the communication system including a first node and a second node; the first node comprises the communication device of claim 39; 41. A communication system wherein the second node comprises the communication device of claim 40.

43. 43. The communication system of claim 42, further comprising a grant node, the grant node communicatively connected to the first node and the second node.

44. A terminal, comprising a communication device according to claim 39, a communication device according to claim 40, a communication device according to claim 41, or a communication device according to claim 42 or 43.

45. a computer-readable storage medium configured to store instructions or a computer program; A computer-readable storage medium, the instructions or the computer program being executed to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 19 or to perform the method of any one of claims 20 to 37.

46. A computer program product comprising instructions or computer programs, A computer program product, wherein the instructions or the computer program, when executed, perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 19 or perform the method of any one of claims 20 to 37.

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