System and control method for USB communication-based smart padlock used for industrial safety and access management purposes

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system and a control method for a USB communication-based smart padlock used for industrial safety and access management purposes. A smart padlock according to the present invention can substitute for existing padlocks of a manual key type to solve issues such as inefficiency of a padlock key distribution procedure, a loss of the padlock key, an accident due to arbitrary transmission to a third party, and a facility operation delay due to noncompliance with a scheduled entry / exit time under an industrial site environment in which numerous padlocks are operated, and to efficiently perform real-time monitoring on an operation status of the padlock and entry / exit workers.

Description

USB communication-based smart padlock system and smart padlock control method used for industrial safety and access control purposes

[0001] The present invention relates to a USB communication-based smart padlock system and a smart padlock control method used for industrial safety and access control purposes.

[0002] Figure 1 shows physical KEY or number KEY type padlocks that are used for the purpose of preventing arbitrary access by workers to hazardous equipment or facilities in industrial sites, or for the purpose of operating lockout activities to ensure worker safety during equipment maintenance, or for the purpose of access control to major equipment and facilities in airports / ports / logistics warehouses / outdoor communication facilities / public and military sectors.

[0003] These existing padlocks have fundamental problems, such as 1) it is impossible for managers or control room managers to monitor the locking / unlocking actions of workers or users, 2) it is impossible to confirm whether the padlock was actually locked / unlocked by an authorized person, and 3) if an emergency occurs in the area when a worker receives a key for a specific area padlock and tries to unlock the padlock, the manager must retrieve the key or control the padlock from being unlocked, or it is impossible to apply an authorization and retrieval policy, such as granting locking or unlocking authority to multiple workers for multiple padlocks.

[0004] In addition, physical KEY-based padlocks are vulnerable to vulnerabilities such as 1) the number of physical KEYs increases in proportion to the increase in quantity, making management difficult, and 2) when used for safety purposes in industrial settings, an authorized worker may transfer / use the key to a fellow worker for any reason, increasing the risk of safety accidents.

[0005] Furthermore, in the case of a number key-based padlock, the moment the number key information becomes known to workers or users, the information may be shared with unauthorized persons, increasing the risk of safety or security accidents.

[0006] Figure 2 shows a smart padlock product that is currently in use as a replacement for existing physical KEY or number KEY-based padlocks. In terms of applied technology, they can be broadly categorized into 1) padlocks that apply PAN (Personal Area Network; Bluetooth or NFC) technology, 2) padlocks that use biometric information (fingerprints) as a key, and 3) padlocks that use a separate smart KEY. Here, padlocks that use technologies 1) and 2) above have a built-in battery to drive the motor used to lock / unlock the padlock. The problem is that the battery usage cycle is not constant due to the environmental characteristics of industrial sites, and when the battery is in a low power state, the padlock becomes unusable, and an additional work burden occurs that requires battery replacement or recharging. Furthermore, because PAN technology uses radio frequencies, the wireless signals such as Bluetooth or NFC used for padlock control are often lost or delayed due to equipment noise generated from various equipment operating in the field, so padlock control often does not perform as intended. Among the products that have adopted the above technology 2), in the case of products that have adopted the inductive current technology of NFC, there is no battery inside the padlock, but the time when the NFC signal transmitted from the mobile device acting as the KEY is transmitted to the padlock and the actual inductive current is generated is 1 to 15 seconds, which shows a lot of difference depending on the environmental characteristics. Padlocks that have adopted the above technology 3) basically require multiple smart KEYs (management issue), and in an environment where numerous workers must operate their own padlocks (LOCKOUT policy during equipment maintenance), it is not only difficult to apply on site, but there are also limitations in monitoring the padlock lock / unlock status in real time.

[0007] Neither the existing padlock nor the smart padlock described in FIGS. 1 and 2 support a method of detecting padlock damage in the event that a third party arbitrarily damages the padlock and attempts forced entry, and from a mechanical perspective, it is difficult to ensure durability in the harsh environment of industrial sites. In particular, the shackle itself, which serves as the locking function of the padlock, or the shackle and padlock body hole, is corroded by dust generated in industrial sites or a combination of dust and moisture, or the space between the shackle and padlock body hole is often clogged with dust or dust and moisture chemically reacting with the metal material of the shackle and padlock body, preventing it from being removed. As a result, the shackle of the padlock often has to be cut and discarded.

[0008] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned needs and / or problems.

[0009] In addition, the present invention is used to secure worker safety by blocking arbitrary access by workers to operating equipment or equipment undergoing maintenance and its support equipment and / or facilities in industrial sites, or to secure access to key management facilities / areas in airports / ports / warehouses / outdoor communication facilities / public and military sectors. By replacing manual padlocks or smart padlocks (Bluetooth-based padlocks, NFC-based padlocks, biometric-based padlocks, smart key-based padlocks) used in this area with the smart padlock of the present invention, the industry that introduces and operates it can not only improve worker safety management and personnel access security capabilities through securing management consistency of padlocks applied / operated for various purposes in industrial sites, and real-time monitoring of the implementation of various operation policies and operation status of padlocks, but also supports the implementation of various security policies and the stable operation of smart padlocks for the purpose of securing access to key facilities / facilities in airports / ports / warehouses / outdoor communication facilities / public and military sectors.

[0010] According to one aspect of a USB communication-based smart padlock system used for industrial safety and access control purposes according to the present invention for achieving the above-described object, there is provided a smart padlock used as a padlock-type smart locking device; a smart locking device management server for managing access control and abnormal status of the smart padlock; a key management server for performing individual key issuance management, offline key issuance management, and encryption key management of the smart padlock; a web console for performing operation policy setting, distribution, and change management of the smart padlock; a user mobile device connected to the smart padlock via a USB cable and having a smart padlock control app installed thereon for controlling the smart padlock according to user authority; an external padlock control device constantly connected to the smart padlock via a USB cable for collecting status information of the smart padlock and / or transmitting status information and / or control results after control to the smart padlock control app installed on the user mobile device and / or transmitting them to the key management server; A soft switch for transmitting and receiving control and performance result information or status information request signals with the external padlock control device through wired / wireless communication with the LOTO APPL server and / or the key management server; and a smart master key for registering a controlled smart padlock to perform locking and unlocking control and performing registration and change of an offline key through connection with a user mobile device.

[0011] The smart padlock comprises: a main body; a USB connector located at the bottom of the main body for supplying power and transmitting and receiving data for controlling the smart padlock connected to the user mobile device or the external padlock control device; a motor for generating driving force for controlling the smart padlock; a shackle having a U-shaped front and rear portions and having a magnet inserted into the lower portion of the rear portion; a control portion for driving the motor in accordance with a command for locking, unlocking, or shackle separation transmitted from the user mobile device or the external padlock control device; a lock cylinder directly connected to the motor and rotating together to control the position of a lock ball; a lock ball that moves horizontally forward or backward by rotation of the lock cylinder to fix or release the shackle; a motor coupling having a magnet disposed at the bottom and connected to a drive shaft of the motor to rotate in the same direction simultaneously when the motor rotates; And the sensor unit is fixed to the upper surface of the motor, and three hall sensors are arranged counterclockwise at 90-degree intervals based on the locking ball, and one hall sensor for detecting the lowest point position of the magnet inserted into the shackle is installed at the bottom of the stand area, and a locking ball fixing groove having a structure that is spaced apart from or coupled with the locking ball can be formed on the inner side of the rear part of the shackle so that the shackle is in a state of locking, unlocking, or shackle separation.

[0012] The smart padlock may further include a body protection cover to protect the body.

[0013] At the bottom of the above motor coupling, one magnet is inserted in a direction 180 degrees relative to the locking ball, and three hall sensors can be arranged in the sensor section in directions 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 degrees relative to the locking ball.

[0014] The control unit may include an electrostatic discharge (ESD) circuit for preventing static electricity and an overcurrent protection circuit for blocking overcurrent when supplied to protect internal circuits, connected to the user mobile device or the external padlock control device via USB communication, and used for mutual data transmission and reception; an encryption unit for encrypting and decrypting data transmitted and received with the user mobile device or the external padlock control device connected to the smart padlock and data stored and managed in an internal memory; a motor driver switch for controlling the motor to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise according to an external control command; a CPU for receiving corresponding signals from three hall sensors that check the movement of a magnet installed below the motor coupling and controlling the contacts of the motor driver switch to open or connect; and an accelerometer for transmitting corresponding shock and temperature information to the external padlock control device through the CPU when a signal of damage to the smart padlock and peripheral devices is detected while the smart padlock is connected to the external padlock control device and set to a protection mode.

[0015] The CPU can control the motor driver switch to rotate the motor clockwise so that the motor coupling connected to the motor is in a locked position when a signal for reaching the lowest point of the magnet inserted into the shackle is detected and transmitted from the one Hall sensor when the smart padlock is set to automatic locking according to the preset settings.

[0016] The CPU may not control the motor coupling connected to the motor to be in a locked position even if a signal for reaching the lowest point of the magnet inserted into the shackle is detected and transmitted from the one Hall sensor when the smart padlock is set to manual locking according to a preset configuration, but may control the motor coupling connected to the motor to be in a locked position when a lock command is received from the user mobile device or the external padlock control device.

[0017] The above external padlock control device can transmit alarm information to the LOTO APPL server when receiving the corresponding shock and temperature information.

[0018] Depending on the rotation direction of the lock cylinder, the position of the lock ball changes together, so that the shackle can be in any one of the locked, unlocked, and unshackled states.

[0019] When the above motor coupling rotates, the magnet installed at the bottom of the motor coupling rotates together, and three hall sensors arranged in the sensor section at the bottom of the motor coupling detect one of the locked, unlocked, and unshackled positions of the shackle and transmit the position to the CPU, and the CPU can control the motor driver switch to stop the motor at the corresponding position.

[0020] Meanwhile, according to one aspect of a method for operating a smart padlock connected to a user mobile device according to the present invention for achieving the above-described object, the method may include: a step of connecting a smart padlock to a user mobile device via a USB cable and determining whether there is a connection error in the USB cable; a step of supplying power to a CPU of the smart padlock and executing a smart padlock control app installed in the user mobile device when the USB cable is normally connected; a step of loading firmware into the CPU and performing self-diagnosis of built-in sensors by the smart padlock; and a step of sending a normal response signal to the smart padlock control app when no error has occurred in the self-diagnosis result by the smart padlock, thereby notifying that the smart padlock is ready to receive and process various commands transmitted from the smart padlock control app.

[0021] In the step of determining whether there is a connection error in the USB cable connection status when the smart padlock is connected to the user's mobile device via a USB cable, if the USB cable is not connected normally, the step of waiting for up to 3 seconds in the smart padlock control app to determine whether there is data polled from the smart padlock, and displaying a USB cable connection status error message if no predefined data is received may further be included.

[0022] The smart padlock may further include a step of storing an error log in the internal storage of the smart padlock when an error occurs as a result of the self-diagnosis in the step of loading firmware into the CPU and performing self-diagnosis of the built-in sensors; a step of transmitting the error code to the smart padlock control app; and a step of converting the error code received from the smart padlock control app into a message recognizable to users and displaying it.

[0023] Meanwhile, according to one aspect of a smart padlock control method using a smart padlock control app installed on a user's mobile device according to the present invention for achieving the above-described object, the method comprises the steps of: executing a smart padlock control app installed on the user's mobile device and connecting the smart padlock to a USB cable; requesting, by the smart padlock control app, permission information of a smart padlock granted to a user from a LOTO APPL server and receiving it; requesting, by the smart padlock control app, status information and a unique key of the smart padlock from the smart padlock and receiving it when the user has permission to a smart padlock connected to the user's mobile device; transmitting the status information received by the smart padlock control app to the LOTO APPL server and transmitting the unique key of the smart padlock to a key management server and querying whether the key is valid; transmitting, by the key management server, a validation code to the smart padlock control app when the serial number and unique key of the smart padlock are normal as a result of a validation check; transmitting, by the smart padlock control app, the validation code and a control command of a button activated in a smart padlock control menu to the smart padlock; And the smart padlock may include a step of executing a control command received at the same time as verifying the validation code and transmitting the control result and status information according to the execution of the control command to the smart padlock control app.

[0024] After the step of the smart padlock executing the control command received at the same time as the verification code is confirmed and transmitting the control result and status information according to the control command execution to the smart padlock control app, the step of the smart padlock control app transmitting the status information received to the LOTO APPL server and transmitting the control result to the key management server may be further included.

[0025] In the step of the smart padlock control app requesting and receiving status information and a unique key of the smart padlock from the smart padlock when the user has permission to the smart padlock connected to the user mobile device, the status information of the smart padlock may include at least one of lock status, unlock status, and shackle separation status information.

[0026] In the step where the above smart padlock control app transmits a validation code to the smart padlock and a control command of a button activated in the smart padlock control menu, the control command may be an unlock or shackle detachment command when the smart padlock is in a locked state, and a lock command when the smart padlock is in an unlock or shackle detachment state.

[0027] Meanwhile, according to one aspect of a smart padlock control method using a user ID card according to the present invention for achieving the above-described object, the method may include: a step of requesting access to a LOTO APPL server through a smart padlock control app installed on a user mobile device and receiving access approval; a step of the LOTO APPL server transmitting ID card information and period information of an applicant requesting access to an external padlock control device; a step of the external padlock control device performing a validity check on the contacted user ID card information and requesting and receiving a serial number and a key from a smart padlock if the information is normal; a step of the external padlock control device transmitting the serial number and key received from the smart padlock to a key management server to request key validity verification; a step of the key management server transmitting a validity verification code according to the key validity verification request to the external padlock control device; a step of the external padlock control device receiving the validity verification code and transmitting a control command to the smart padlock if the code is normal; and a step of the smart padlock transmitting status information and a control result according to the execution of the control command to the external padlock control device.

[0028] The above smart padlock may further include a step of transmitting status information and control results according to the execution of a control command to an external padlock control device, and a step of transmitting the status information to a smart padlock control app and the control results to a key management server.

[0029] The above smart padlock and the above external padlock control device can be permanently connected with a USB cable.

[0030] Meanwhile, according to one aspect of a smart padlock control method using a soft switch according to the present invention for achieving the above-described object, the method comprises the steps of: when a call signal is input by an entrant, the external padlock control device transmitting an external padlock control device ID and a soft switch ID linked thereto and a call signal to a LOTO APPL server; the LOTO APPL server transmitting the call signal to the soft switch; the soft switch transmitting an external padlock control device ID and an open command to the LOTO APPL server; the LOTO APPL server transmitting an open command to the external padlock control device; the external padlock control device requesting and receiving a serial number and a key from a smart padlock according to the open command; the external padlock control device transmitting the serial number and key received from the smart padlock to a key management server to request key validity verification; the key management server transmitting a validity verification code according to the key validity verification request to the external padlock control device; the external padlock control device receiving the validity verification code and transmitting a control command to the smart padlock if the code is normal; And the smart padlock may include a step of transmitting status information and control results according to the execution of a control command to an external padlock control device.

[0031] The above smart padlock may further include a step of transmitting status information and control results according to the execution of a control command to an external padlock control device, after which the external padlock control device transmits the status information to a LOTO APPL server, transmits the control results to a key management server, and the soft switch checks the corresponding information and displays status change information.

[0032] The above smart padlock and the above external padlock control device can be permanently connected with a USB cable.

[0033] The effects according to one embodiment of the present invention are described as follows.

[0034] The smart padlock according to the present invention replaces the existing manual KEY type padlock, and in an industrial environment where numerous padlocks are operated, it resolves issues such as inefficiency in the padlock key distribution procedure, loss of padlock keys, accidents due to arbitrary transfer to a third party, delay in equipment operation due to non-compliance with scheduled entry / exit times, etc., and can efficiently perform real-time monitoring of the padlock operation status and entry / exit workers.

[0035] The smart padlock according to the present invention can fundamentally solve the following issues: 1) a battery issue occurring in a Bluetooth-based padlock and a padlock control failure issue due to a communication failure, 2) a padlock control time delay issue occurring in an NFC-based padlock due to a communication delay, and 3) a physical KEY operation management and real-time padlock operation monitoring issue inherent in a smart key-based padlock (when there is a communication failure or delay between the smart KEY and a mobile device).

[0036] That is, the smart padlock according to the present invention does not have its own power source such as a battery, and can operate by receiving power from an external mobile device that transmits a lock / unlock command or a separately provided ECD (External Control Device; external padlock control device). By performing USB communication between the padlock and these devices via a USB cable, a stable communication environment between the padlock and the control device can be guaranteed even under noise generated from on-site equipment.

[0037] In addition, when the smart padlock according to the present invention is connected to a separately provided ECD, if a third party directly damages the padlock or attempts to cut surrounding accessories, the smart padlock detects this through a sensor within the padlock itself, and sends a warning notification to a separately operated server so that the administrators of the relevant organization can take appropriate measures. Alternatively, if the organization operating the padlock uses their own ID card when users enter / exit, the smart padlock can be used in conjunction with this. Furthermore, in the case of a specific industrial site, in consideration of the safety of the region, users are restricted from carrying mobile phones, and entry / exit into the region or facility is controlled remotely from the driver's room or control room. For this purpose, a structure capable of remotely unlocking / locking can be provided through a soft switch that is separately provided and operated in conjunction with the ECD.

[0038] In addition, from an environmental / economic perspective, in industrial sites, when the energy source of the facility is cut off or locked, the characteristics of the facility / facility group are indicated (such as distinguishing facilities with the same energy source or the work team deployed to perform the locking), or the risk factors of the facility / facilities are clearly and visually distinguished by the color of the padlock body according to the work characteristics or environment and risk factors. In other words, from the perspective of the padlock manufacturer, the padlock body must be manufactured in red, blue, yellow, etc., and the user company must also order and use it by color. However, in the smart padlock of the present invention, the padlock body is the same, and the body protection cover is manufactured separately in various colors (8 colors used as industrial standards; black, white, blue, red, purple, yellow, orange, and green), thereby providing resource utilization / environmental protection, economy, and high durability (in certain environments, an average of 4 or more padlocks are discarded and replaced per year).

[0039] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the detailed description to aid in the understanding of the present invention, provide embodiments of the present invention and, together with the detailed description, explain the technical features of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 1 is a drawing showing a general lock used in the LOTO process in the current industrial field and a general padlock used in the access security area.

[0041] Figure 2 is a drawing showing a smart lock that uses a mobile device, user biometric information, or a separately manufactured smart master key to replace a manual key-based lock.

[0042] Figure 3 is a drawing showing the external appearance of a USB communication-based smart padlock, which is the subject of the present invention.

[0043] FIG. 4 is a drawing showing the main components that constitute a USB communication-based smart padlock, which is the subject of the present invention.

[0044] FIG. 5 is a drawing showing a PCB block diagram that drives a USB communication-based smart padlock, which is the subject of the present invention.

[0045] FIG. 6 is a drawing showing the operation sequence from booting to waiting for command input when a USB communication-based smart padlock, which is the subject of the present invention, is connected to a mobile device.

[0046] FIG. 7 is a drawing showing an example of a function supported by a USB communication-based smart padlock, which is the subject of the present invention.

[0047] FIG. 8 is a drawing showing a method of controlling the locking, unlocking, and shackle separation operations of a USB communication-based smart padlock, which is the subject of the present invention, using a Hall Effect Sensor.

[0048] FIG. 9 is a drawing showing a method of controlling using a hall sensor when selectively applying a control method for automatic locking and manual locking of a USB communication-based smart padlock, which is the subject of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 10 is a drawing showing the mechanical features applied to ensure durability of a USB communication-based smart padlock, which is the subject of the present invention.

[0050] Fig. 11 is a drawing showing an example of industrial site work application using a body protection cover of a USB communication-based smart padlock, which is the subject of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 12 is a drawing showing the entire system environment and application system configuration in which the USB communication-based smart padlock, which is the subject of the present invention, operates.

[0052] FIG. 13 is a drawing showing the procedure for performing padlock locking and unlocking after connecting a USB communication-based smart padlock, which is the subject of the present invention, and a mobile device.

[0053] FIG. 14 is a drawing showing an example of a procedure for controlling a USB communication-based smart padlock, which is the subject of the present invention, using a user ID card of an organization using the same.

[0054] FIG. 15 is a drawing showing an example of a procedure for controlling a smart padlock based on USB communication, which is the subject of the present invention, from a remotely located equipment operation room or control room in a work environment where a mobile device cannot be carried.

[0055] FIG. 16 is a drawing showing an example of a procedure for detecting and notifying when a USB communication-based smart padlock, which is the subject of the present invention, is attempted to be tampered with by a third party.

[0056] Hereinafter, embodiments disclosed in the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Regardless of the drawing numbers, identical or similar components will be given the same reference numbers, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. The suffixes "module" and "part" used for components in the following description are assigned or used interchangeably only for the convenience of writing the specification, and do not in themselves have distinct meanings or roles. In addition, when describing the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known technology may obscure the gist of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, the attached drawings are only for easily understanding the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, and the technical idea disclosed in the present invention is not limited by the attached drawings, and it should be understood that they include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention.

[0057] Terms that include ordinal numbers, such as first, second, etc., may be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used solely to distinguish one component from another.

[0058] When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that it may be directly connected or connected to that other component, but that there may be other components intervening. Conversely, when a component is referred to as being "directly connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components intervening.

[0059] Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0060] In this application, terms such as “include” or “have” are intended to specify the presence of a feature, number, step, operation, component, part or combination thereof described in the specification, but should be understood not to exclude in advance the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

[0061] The present invention provides a groundbreaking solution to various issues such as the problems of existing locking devices (padlocks - key or number key type, digital number key locks, etc.) used for worker safety and / or access security in industrial sites, namely: ① it is difficult to manage the keys of numerous manual locking devices operating in the field, and there is a large invisible loss due to loss / misuse; ② it cannot be guaranteed that the person who received the key and the person who actually used the key are the same person; ③ it is not possible to know whether entry and exit were made at the times indicated in the management ledger (real-time monitoring of entry and exit is impossible); ④ in the case of number keys, their confidentiality cannot be guaranteed; ⑤ it is necessary but impossible to control the locking / unlocking of padlocks according to the equipment operation sequence; thereby minimizing the risk factors that workers may face in industrial sites and supporting companies responsible for management thereof or management / safety supervisors to more closely and effectively manage field worker operations and safety factors.In addition, among the smart padlocks installed / operated in industrial sites to replace manual padlocks, the smart padlocks based on Bluetooth communication have a battery built into the smart padlock as their power source, and depending on the environmental characteristics of the industrial site and the padlock handling habits of workers, the battery may discharge before the battery replacement cycle that the padlock advertises, making padlock operation impossible, or when performing Bluetooth communication for locking / unlocking control between a mobile device performing padlock control and the smart padlock, noise generated from surrounding equipment may cause a delay in transmitting / receiving control codes / key matching codes (the same phenomenon occurs in NFC communication-based smart padlocks), resulting in unexpected problems such as delays in equipment failure measures or delays in inspection schedules. Therefore, the smart padlock of the present invention ① does not have a power source such as a battery inside the smart padlock, and ② utilizes wired communication using a USB cable with a mobile device performing padlock control or a separately provided ECD (External Control Device; external padlock control device), so that communication failures due to noise generated from on-site equipment are rarely caused, and thus it is structured to be suitable for various industrial sites. It is possible to operate stably even in an environment. Furthermore, in industrial sites, human and material damage frequently occurs due to ambiguous work boundaries or ambiguous management entities between safety management and access security. This is mostly due to the absence of an alternative for integrated management and / or operation due to differences in management policies and / or systems between the safety and security areas. The smart padlock of the present invention is a new concept padlock with built-in security functions that could not be implemented in existing manual or smart padlocks, such as detection and notification of attempted forced damage to the padlock by a third party, through linkage with an ECD (External Control Device; external padlock control device) provided separately from the smart padlock from the perspective of integrated operation of safety and security mentioned above.This can help fill the gap in the ambiguous areas of safety and security, thereby minimizing human and material losses.

[0062] In addition, the smart padlock according to the present invention does not have any power source in itself, and can utilize a device that transmits a control code to the smart padlock, i.e., 1) a "user mobile device", 2) a separately provided physical "smart master key device", 3) a separately authorized "ECD (External Control Device; external padlock control device)", etc., as a power source. That is, in order to fundamentally solve various issues such as battery discharge due to application of a battery inside the smart padlock, unusability due to this, and replacement, the power of an external device such as a user mobile device or ECD, which is a control means of the smart padlock of the present invention, can be utilized.

[0063] In order to compensate for the vulnerability of wireless communication-based smart padlocks to noise generated from equipment operating in industrial sites, the USB communication method, which has become a standard for mobile devices, has been adopted to provide a stable communication environment with the smart padlock. In addition, the communication / control interval between the mobile device and the smart padlock can be from ms to within 2 seconds, ensuring speed.

[0064] In order to resolve numerous physical key management issues, authorization issues such as unauthorized use of keys and transfer to others in a physical key-based padlock environment, and to resolve real-time monitoring of padlock operation status, which is a vulnerability of smart padlocks using biometric information or smart keys, a separately provided app is installed on a mobile device used by a worker (owned by an organization or individual), and then the mobile device and smart padlock are connected, and the installed app communicates with the separately provided "LOTO APPL server" or "Key management server" to lock / unlock / shackle-separate / view history of the smart padlock according to authorization, and such actions and result information can be transmitted in real time to the LOTO APPL server or Key management server or a predefined control / monitoring server through the communication environment (WiFi, LTE, PLTE, 5G, etc.) used by the mobile device.

[0065] The authority or operation method of the smart padlock, that is, 1) matters related to authority, such as control authority matters such as allowing a specific user or user group to control a specific smart padlock, or controlling it only during a specific time period, or controlling it only after a specific event, or releasing it only when specific internal sensor information is at a normal value in a specific area, or automatically revoking the granted authority when a specific event occurs, and 2) matters related to the operation method, such as operating methods such as requiring multiple smart padlocks to be locked or unlocked in a specified order when performing a specific task, or setting priorities for multiple smart padlocks in a specific area so that when one is released, the remaining smart padlocks cannot be released even if they have authority, and the above 1) authority and 2) operation method can be performed in connection with a LOTO APPL server or a Key management server provided separately by the smart padlock of the present invention.

[0066] Neither existing physical key-based padlocks nor smart padlocks have a method for detecting when a user attempts to physically damage or tamper with the padlock. To address this, the smart padlock of the present invention can detect attempts to tamper with the padlock, either through external force or electrical means, and trigger an alarm or send a message based on a predefined policy, allowing relevant personnel to take appropriate action. That is, the smart padlock of the present invention has a built-in sensor that detects an attempt at damage by external force, and when the smart padlock is connected to a separately provided ECD (External Control Device; external padlock control device) using USB (the ECD receives constant power of 24VDC and is structured to support the communication infrastructure of the user organization such as Ethernet, Wifi, LTE, or 5G as a communication environment with the server), when the smart padlock of the present invention receives constant power of 5V and has a real-time communication environment in units of ms, and when an impact exceeding a threshold is applied to the smart padlock or its surroundings, or when communication with the ECD is cut off, or when the log of the ECD itself is not collected by a separately provided LOTO APPL server, a key management server, or a predefined server, alarm information or a defined message can be transmitted according to a defined rule.

[0067] Additionally, the smart padlock of the present invention can be installed at a gate in a field where a mobile device cannot be carried due to the nature of the work through linkage with a separately provided ECD, and can be controlled only by authentication of an NFC or RF-based ID card such as an employee ID or visitor ID card managed by the organization, or can be remotely released through a soft switch separately provided / authenticated in a field control room or a computer in an operator's cabin.

[0068] In order for the smart padlock to operate, the following procedures must be completed in advance. Namely, 1) the smart padlock must be registered with the separately provided KEY management server and LOTO APPL server, 2) a device (mobile device, ECD, etc.) that is connected to the smart padlock and controls the smart padlock (lock or unlock, shackle separation, or history viewing) by supplying power to the smart padlock and communicating with the server, and the software installed and operated on it (mobile app, soft switch, communication & authentication firmware, etc.), and the user must be registered on the separately provided LOTO APPL server, and 3) a smart master key device that can control the smart padlock even in an offline environment such as an emergency must be pre-registered on the separately provided LOTO APPL server.

[0069] After completing this basic registration process, the Digital Key granting and authentication process of the smart padlock, which is the subject of the present invention, is performed, 1) a user with smart padlock administrator authority connects the smart padlock to be authenticated to a mobile device on which an authenticated app is installed, 2) runs the app and selects the "Key registration and authentication" menu, 3) displays the smart padlock information connected to the mobile device, 4) clicks the "Confirm" button, 5) at this time, the smart padlock unique information is transmitted to the key management server, 6) the key management server generates a unique Digital Key (a unique Lifetime Digital Key of the corresponding smart padlock) and transmits it to the corresponding user app, 7) the user app transmits the information to the connected smart padlock, 8) stores it in the internal memory through the smart padlock firmware, 9) and at the same time, the validity of the smart padlock Digital Key is authenticated between the smart padlock, the user app, and the key management server, 10) when authentication is completed, the smart padlock unique information and the registration result are automatically registered on the LOTO APPL server, and 11) the user app displays a message saying "Authentication and registration complete", and this is a series of steps. The Digital Key issuance / authentication / registration process can be completed. This process takes approximately 1 to 10 seconds, and all communication messages between devices and information stored within the smart padlock can be encrypted. Registered smart padlocks can then be deployed and operated on-site according to the LOTO APPL server's management policies (users, user groups, padlock authorization / revocation / transfer, etc.).

[0070] The smart padlock of the present invention has the following features to ensure durability even in the harsh environments of industrial sites: 1) a protective cover made of a heat-resistant, chemical-resistant, and non-conductive material that prevents corrosion from dust and moisture on the shackle of the padlock; 2) a protective cover made of the same material as that applied to the shackle is applied to protect the padlock body; and in addition, when operating the padlock in an industrial site, the type of work or the level of risk in the area is classified by color, so the padlock body protective cover is manufactured and applied in 8 colors currently in use, thereby improving economic efficiency and recyclability; 3) Since the rotation control of the motor is required in the area of ​​the internal drive unit of the smart padlock when locking or unlocking the shackle, a structure using a semi-permanent magnetic-based hall sensor is adopted to identify the position of the locking cylinder when locking, unlocking, or separating the shackle for this control (in the case of other existing smart padlocks, a limit switch was used, but it was frequently damaged); 4) a special design for waterproofing and dustproofing and an internal double O-ring are applied to the hole where the smart padlock body and the shackle are connected. By adopting the structure, a total of 5 stages of dustproof and waterproof structures can be adopted.

[0071] FIG. 3 is a drawing showing the external appearance of a smart padlock according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] As shown, the smart padlock of the present invention appears similar in shape to a conventional padlock, but is equipped with a USB C type connector at the bottom, through which it can be connected to a mobile device or ECD using a USB cable.

[0073] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a smart padlock according to a temporary embodiment of the present invention, showing the internal structure of the smart padlock.

[0074] As illustrated, there is no power resource inside the smart padlock of the present invention, and the power resource (3VDC to 5VDC) provided by a mobile device or ECD connected to the USB C type connector at the bottom of the smart padlock can be used as the motor driving power inside the smart padlock. The main components of the smart padlock can be composed of parts 1 to 17 as illustrated in the diagram.

[0075] The smart padlock may be structured such that power is supplied from a connected mobile device or ECD, and the No. 6 "Control PCB" undergoes a self-test and then switches to a command standby state, and the "Control PCB" drives the No. 5 "Motor" in response to the lock / unlock / shackle separation command transmitted from the mobile device or ECD, and the No. 9 "Locking Cylinder" directly connected thereto rotates together, and the No. 10 "Locking Ball" moves horizontally forward / backward according to the mechanical characteristics of the No. 9 "Locking Cylinder," and the No. 2 "Shackle"'s "Locking Ball" fixing groove separates / engages with the No. 10 "Locking Ball", causing the No. 2 "Shackle" to be locked / unlocked / shackle separated. In addition to this basic operating structure, various parts for sealing may be applied to enhance durability (dust / waterproofing / oilproofing, etc.).

[0076] FIG. 5 is a drawing showing a block diagram of a control PCB of a smart padlock according to a temporary embodiment of the present invention.

[0077] As shown, ① "USB to UART" is connected to an external mobile device or ECD using USB communication, supplies power resources, and is used for mutual data transmission / reception, and has logic to protect the internal circuit by blocking it when overcurrent is supplied. ② "Encryption" is an encryption / decryption chipset that can encrypt / decrypt all data transmitted / received with an external mobile device or ECD connected to the smart padlock, and all data stored / managed in the internal memory of the Control PCB. ③ Motor DRV Switch is a switch that controls the motor to rotate in the CW (Clockwise) or CCW (CounterClockwise) direction according to an external control command, and this is structured to be controlled in conjunction with ④ 3 x Hall Sensor. That is, when the motor rotates, the motor coupling 12 in Fig. 4 connected thereto rotates simultaneously in the same direction. At this time, the movement of the magnet installed at the bottom of the motor coupling is checked by the ④ 3 x Hall sensor, and the CPU that receives the signal can be controlled by the structure of opening / closing the contact of the ③ Motor DRV Switch. The ⑤ 1x Hall sensor can be used to detect the position (lowest point) of the magnet installed on the shackle according to the pre-settings and automatically move the motor coupling 12 in Fig. 4 to the locking position.That is, in the case of "manual locking" during the pre-configuration, even if the Shackle is at the lowest point, the motor is driven and the Motor Coupling No. 12 in Fig. 4 connected thereto changes to the locked position only when a "lock" command is received from an external mobile device or ECD, whereas in the case of "automatic locking", when the Shackle reaches the lowest point, the Shackle's position point signal is transmitted to the CPU by the ⑤ 1x Hall Sensor, and the CPU rotates the Motor in the CW direction through the ③ Motor DRV Switch, so that the Motor Coupling No. 12 in Fig. 4 connected thereto can be automatically controlled to the locked position. ⑥ The accelerometer is connected to the ECD provided separately in advance for the smart padlock of the present invention, and when a third party arbitrarily attempts to damage the padlock and surrounding equipment while it is set to "Guard Mode", it detects this and transmits the corresponding impact and temperature information to the ECD through the CPU, and the ECD, upon receiving this, transmits alarm information to the LOTO APPL server or a pre-designated server, so that information on the smart padlock and the surrounding environment in which the smart padlock is installed / operated can be collected.

[0078] FIG. 6 is a drawing showing an example of a procedure for operating a smart padlock according to a temporary embodiment of the present invention after it is connected to a user mobile device.

[0079] As shown, when a user connects his / her mobile device and smart padlock using ① a USB cable, ② 5VDC power is supplied from the mobile device to the smart padlock (in the case of Android devices), and ③ the user can run a dedicated APP separately provided / installed on his / her mobile device. In step ② (power supply step from mobile device to smart padlock), if the USB cable is normal, power will be supplied to the CPU of the smart padlock and the process will proceed to step ⑤. However, as in step ④, a problem may occur in the USB cable or connector area. In this case, the running app may wait for up to 3 seconds to check whether there is data polled from the smart padlock, and if the predefined data is not received, an error message such as "Please replace the cable or connector and then connect." may be displayed. On the other hand, if the initial data received at the same time as the normal power supply and connection of the mobile device and the smart padlock is normal, the smart padlock will internally load the firmware into the CPU and perform a self-diagnosis of the built-in sensors. If an abnormality occurs during the process, the corresponding error log is saved in the smart padlock's internal storage as in step ⑤ and the corresponding error code is also transmitted to the user's mobile device app. The user's mobile device app can then convert the received error code into a message that is easy for the user to understand and display. On the other hand, if the error in step ⑤ does not occur, the smart padlock can send "ACK" and "Ready" signals to the user's mobile device app as in step ⑥ to notify that the smart padlock is ready to receive / process all commands transmitted from the user's mobile device app.

[0080] FIG. 7 is a drawing showing an example of functions and environmental information provided by a smart padlock according to a temporary embodiment of the present invention.

[0081] As illustrated, the functions and environment setting information provided by the smart padlock of the present invention are as shown in Table 1, which is a list of smart padlock support functions, and the environment information stored / managed within the padlock may be encrypted.

[0082] CODEMENU Description 00 Admin Password (optional) Used to verify authority when using functions such as smart padlock function definition, reset, or update 01 Serial Number (required) The serial number of the smart padlock is assigned by the key management server and is the permanent identification number of the smart padlock Control PCB. 02 Unique ID (optional) This is a temporary identifier used when forcibly controlling the smart padlock by linking it to a specific task or process. (Forcibly assigned through the app and automatically deleted when controlling the padlock together with the termination of a specific process / task) 03 Individual Key (required) This is a unique digital key for controlling the smart padlock and is managed by the key management server such as issuance, consistency verification, and reissuance. 04 Off Line Key (optional) This is a digital key that can control the smart padlock even in an offline state when the communication status between the user's mobile device and the server (LOTO APPL server & Key management server) is not smooth or impossible due to the environment in which the smart padlock is installed / operated. It is a pair for both the smart padlock and the user's mobile device. It is stored / operated, and when the user's mobile device is switched to an environment where it can communicate with the server, the log is automatically transmitted to the server. In addition, the Offline Key temporarily stored on the user's mobile device is managed by policies such as automatic deletion or forced recovery according to specific conditions or administrator triggers. 05 Firmware Version (Information) Displays the version information of the smart padlock's internal firmware. This is automatically entered when the firmware is installed or updated. 06 Reset (Command) When this function is executed, the smart padlock's internal information is reset to the factory default state. However, information 01, 03, and 16 is maintained. 10 Company ID (Required) Enter / use the customer ID that installs / operates this smart padlock. If the key management server is operated on the customer's internal network, this information is transmitted together when the "03" information is transmitted from the key management server to the padlock and stored in the padlock.11 Lock Identifier ID (Optional) If there is a need to operate a specific smart padlock at a specific Lock Point, barcode, QR Code, NFC, RFID, etc. can be used as an auxiliary means to recognize the Lock Point. These means are called Lock Identifiers, and the identifier that identifies them is called Lock Identifier ID. That is, if a Lock Identifier ID is attached to the Lock Point and this is mapped to a specific smart padlock and operated, this information can be defined and utilized in advance inside the padlock. (When a padlock control command is sent from the app, if this information is entered inside the padlock, the padlock requests the user mobile app to scan the Lock Identifier ID before executing the command, and when the mobile app scans it and sends it to the padlock, the padlock checks the consistency inside, and if the value is "normal," the padlock executes the padlock transmission command sent from the app.) 12 Master Key ID (Optional) Unique ID of the physical master key that can lock / unlock the smart padlock in an offline state 13 Lock Method ; Auto (Mode) When the shackle of the smart padlock is lowered, the Hall Sensor detects the position and automatically locks the device 14 Lock Method ; Manual (Mode) If this is selected, the Hall Sensor will not work even when the shackle is lowered, so the user's mobile device app must send a "lock" command to the padlock to lock it.15 Digital Key ; Inactive (mode) A mode in which the padlock is locked / unlocked in the DEMO environment during the factory reset stage (a separate DEMO mobile device app is provided). 16 Digital Key ; Active (mode) When the "03" item of the smart padlock is set through the Key management server, the smart padlock can only be controlled through a mobile device app or ECD that is permitted to access the LOTO APPL server and the Key management server. 17 Update (command) A firmware update command is performed using a separately provided mobile device app or update software. 20 On Line Lock (mode) A mode in which the padlock is controlled using an authorized app separately installed on the user's mobile device, which is the basic method of smart padlock control. 21 Remote Lock (mode) A mode in which the smart padlock is controlled using a separately provided ECD (External Control Device). If the user cannot carry a mobile device due to the organization's policy or the environmental characteristics of the access area, this is a mode in which the smart padlock is locked / unlocked using an ID Card, which is a user authentication tool used by the organization, or a remote control button in the control room. When selecting this mode, item "23" must be defined. 22 Remote Lock; Guard Mode(Mode) This is one of the specialized functions of this smart padlock. When this mode is set, if any third party attempts to damage the smart padlock, the sensor inside the padlock collects information on changes in shock and temperature (cable disconnection in ECD, ECD failure in LOTO APPL server, etc.) that occur when the damage is attempted, and transmits it to the LOTO APPL server or a pre-designated server through ECD so that the relevant person in charge can provide appropriate feedback.23Remote Lock; ECD ID (Optional) When setting the "21" Remote Lock environment on the smart padlock, enter the ECD ID information that will be connected to the smart padlock and send and receive control commands and results and other information to the padlock (ECD ID is registered and managed on the LOTO APPL server, and can only be used if an authorized authentication code is issued by the key management server.) 30Self Test (Command) This is a routine that checks for abnormalities in various components and logics within the smart padlock's internal Control PCB, as well as internal sensors. When the command is executed through the user's mobile device app, the padlock executes the TEST routine and immediately feeds back the results. 31Config (Information) Feeds back the smart padlock's configuration information. 32Access Log (Information) Feeds back the smart padlock's control log (the log stored in the padlock's internal memory, including user, time, device ID, and control command). 33Error Log (Information) Feeds back the error log (the error log stored in the padlock's internal memory) when the smart padlock is operated or controlled.

[0083] Fig. 8 is a drawing showing an example of a method of controlling the locking, unlocking, and separation of the padlock shackle, which is one of the core functions of a smart padlock, by applying a Hall Effect Sensor.

[0084] As illustrated, the components involved in performing locking / unlocking / separating of the padlock Shackle include ② Shackle, ⑤ Motor, ⑬ Sensor PCB located on the upper part of the Motor (three Hall Effect Sensors are arranged counterclockwise at 90-degree intervals based on ⑩ Locking Ball of FIG. 4), ⑫ Motor Coupling connected to the Motor with the Sensor PCB in between (a magnet element is arranged here), ⑨ Locking Cylinder that controls the position of the Locking Ball, and ⑨ Locking Ball that fixes / unlocks the Shackle. In some other smart padlocks, a Limit Switch is used to control the position of the Locking Cylinder used to fix the Lock Ball position, but this has durability issues, and therefore, in the present invention, a new method in the form of position control using a Magnet and a Hall Effect Sensor as illustrated in FIG. 8 can be applied.

[0085] ① Locking Cylinder of Fig. 8 is a mechanism that determines the position of the Locking Ball that fixes the Shackle, and the position of ② Locking Ball changes according to the rotation direction of the Locking Cylinder, and accordingly, the Shackle can be in the Locked, Unlocked, and Unshackled states. That is, when ① Locking Cylinder is in the Locked, Unlocked, and Unshackled states, the motor operation must be automatically stopped to accurately provide the locking / unlocking / shackle separation functions of the padlock, and also to prevent motor overload and damage to the mechanism due to motor overload, so control thereof can be very important.

[0086] The method implemented in the present invention for controlling this is a combination of a magnet and a Hall Effect sensor. ① Locking Cylinder and ③ Motor Coupling are mechanically interlocked and rotate up and down, ③ Motor Coupling is connected to the drive shaft of the motor, and ④ Sensor PCB is fixed to the upper surface of the motor and maintains a gap of about 1 mm with respect to the lower surface of ③ Motor Coupling. In the lower part of Motor Coupling ③ of Fig. 8, one 2-pie Magnet is inserted in the 180-degree direction based on Locking Ball ②, and three Hall Effect Sensors are arranged in the Sensor PCB ④ in the 90-degree / 180-degree / 270-degree directions based on Locking Ball ②, so that when Motor Coupling ③ rotates, the Magnets located underneath it rotate together, and the Hall Effect Sensor arranged in Sensor PCB ④ under Motor Coupling ③ detects (Locked, Unlocked, Unshackled positions) this (rotation angle ±5 degrees based on sensor position) and transmits it to the CPU, and the CPU can control the Motor Switch to stop the Motor.

[0087] FIG. 9 is a drawing showing an example of a control method using a magnet and a Hall Effect sensor to control whether the padlock shackle of a smart padlock is locked manually or automatically according to the up-and-down movement of the shackle within the padlock body.

[0088] As illustrated, the functions No. 13 Lock Method: Auto and No. 14 Lock Method: Manual in the aforementioned [Table 1] Smart Padlock Support Function List are items that define whether the Locking Cylinder No. ① in Fig. 8 will operate automatically (automatically operate when the Shackle is lowered to a designated position) or manually (operate when the user transmits a lock command via a mobile app) when the Smart Padlock is in the unlocked state or the Shackle is separated and the Shackle is lowered to the bottom of the padlock body (closed state). The basic principle that can perform such automatic / manual operations is described in Fig. 9.

[0089] In Fig. 9, ① is a shackle that performs the lock / unlock function of the smart padlock, ② is the front of the shackle, and ③ is the backward of the shackle. A 2-pie magnet of diameter 4 is inserted under the backward side of the shackle of ③, and a Hall Effect sensor of number 6 is installed under the stand area of ​​the sensor PCB of number ⑤. When the Shackle rises as in ⑦ (at this time, when the Locking Cylinder ① and the Motor Coupling ③ in Fig. 8 are also switched to the Unlocked state), the padlock switches to the Released state, and when the Shackle descends as in ⑧, the Magnet in ④ affects the Hall Effect Sensor in ⑥ to determine that the Shackle is in the locked position. At this time, the control method can be performed according to the environment definition (Environmental settings of Lock Method: Auto and Lock Method: Manual in [Table 1] Smart Padlock Support Function List) on whether to operate the motor automatically or manually (by command of the user mobile app). For reference, Auto Lock can be mainly used under an access control policy, and Manual Lock can be mainly used for LOTO work of stopped equipment.

[0090] FIG. 10 is a drawing showing an example of the mechanical characteristics applied to ensure the durability of a smart padlock in harsh environments, as a smart padlock, which is a temporary example of the present invention, is installed / operated in various fields.

[0091] As shown, the factors that affect the durability of a smart padlock when it is operated in the field are 1) moisture, especially water and steam used during the product manufacturing process or water fog constantly generated from wastewater treatment facilities, 2) flying dust generated during the facility operation or product manufacturing process (serious damage may occur if the dust contains iron monoxide, iron dioxide, or iron trioxide), 3) corrosive gases or hazardous chemicals used in a specific production process, 4) low / high temperature environment, 5) factors 1), 2), and 3) combining with oxygen or hydrogen in the air to form a rapid metal corrosion environment. Due to the diversity of environments in which a smart padlock is installed / operated, securing its durability may be an essential field requirement for the stable operation of a smart padlock in addition to the functional requirements. For example, even in the case of manual padlocks based on physical keys, which are said to be the most durable, the operating period does not exceed 3 months in some industrial sites. This is due to problems such as 1) corrosion and / or blockage of the key hole where the physical key is inserted, 2) corrosion and / or blockage of the padlock body and shackle connection area, and 3) corrosion of the locking parts inside the padlock.

[0092] The smart padlock of the present invention, described in FIG. 10, analyzes padlock durability issues occurring in existing fields by cause and reflects countermeasures in the padlock's mechanism and drive unit. Table 2 below presents measures to ensure the durability of the smart padlock under harsh environments.

[0093] Problem Factors Reflected in the Smart Padlock ⑤ Body water barrier ledge with a water / moisture resistance rating of 10, ③ Dust / water ingress prevention ledge in the Shackle protective cover, ⑥ Secondary water barrier ledge in the Shackle Hole of the Padlock Body ① Shackle protective cover with a dust / corrosion rating of 10, ② Padlock body protective cover were adopted, and the cover material is a silicone rubber series with heat resistance, chemical resistance, hot water resistance, cold resistance, flame retardancy and insulation properties at the same time. ⑦ Connector protection hard cover with a high / low temperature drop impact rating of 10 and padlock body protective cover made of silicone rubber series

[0094] FIG. 11 is a drawing showing the structure of a smart padlock body protective cover according to a temporary embodiment of the present invention so that it can be used not only for the purpose of simply ensuring durability, but also for the purpose of visually distinguishing risk factors at an installation location or distinguishing worker groups and work contents during facility maintenance.

[0095] As shown, most industrial sites use color-coded padlocks for access control purposes in hazardous areas, for equipment maintenance, and for individual workers. Table 3 below provides examples of padlock application locations by color.

[0096] Padlock color description Red Individual lock - Must be locked and unlocked by the individual worker and carried by the individual - 1 person, 1 lock carried, 1 lock principle Yellow Individual lock - Lock for locking the isolation area by the isolation locker during equipment maintenance - Lock and unlock with a mart key Green Group lock - Locking / unlocking is possible only by the person in charge of equipment maintenance Purple Access control lock - Lock for locking the entry point of the access control system in the hazardous area

[0097] For this reason, while existing physical key-based padlocks and smart padlocks produce / supply padlock bodies with separate color distinctions, the smart padlock of the present invention unifies the padlock body into one model and structures it in a form in which the color of the padlock body protection cover can be distinguished, thereby minimizing environmental pollution factors and maximizing economic efficiency.

[0098] FIG. 12 is a drawing showing the overall system configuration in which a smart padlock according to a temporary embodiment of the present invention operates.

[0099] As illustrated, the five essential items that must be equipped for the smart padlock of the present invention to be applied to an organization are ① smart padlock, ③ LOTO APPL server, ④ KEY management server, ⑤ web console, and ② mobile app. Additional items that can be applied depending on the specificity of the organization's work or policy may include ⑥ physical smart master key, ⑦ ECD (External Control Device), and ⑧ Soft Switch. The functional description of each component for operating the smart padlock is as described in Table 4 below.

[0100] Number Name Detailed Description 1 Smart Padlock A smart locking device of the padlock type, which is a temporary example of the present invention 2 Mobile App √ Work process according to user authority and task √ Smart padlock control by user authority (lock / unlock / shackle separation / log view) √ (Work manager) Granting, revoking, and monitoring smart padlock authority for users √ (Padlock manager) Registration management of smart padlock, smart master key, and peripheral devices 3 LOTO APPL Server √ Workflow Engine √ CEP (Complex Event Processing) √ Message Processing √ Scheduler √ Data Acquisition and Analysis √ Data IN / OUT Adaptor √ Communication interface with device 4 Key Management Server √ Smart padlock individual KEY issuance management (generation, verification, revocation, disposal, etc.) √ Offline Key issuance management (generation, distribution, verification, revocation, disposal, etc.) √ Encryption Key Management 5 Web Console √ Registration management of all standard information √ User / group authority management √ Mobile app, web console access management √ Smart padlock and peripheral devices Registration Management√Equipment / Facility / Sys-Box / Zone vs Smart Padlock Mapping Management√Smart Padlock Operation Policy Setting, Distribution, Change Management√Dashboard & Design√Reporting6Smart Master Key√Control Target Smart Padlock Registration√Off Line Key Registration / Change√Smart Padlock Control (Lock / Unlock)7ECD√ECD basically operates with a constant power supply of 24VDC or 48VDC, and uses the organization's backbone network such as LTE or 5G as a base for communication with the server.√ECD and smart padlock are always connected with a USB cable√Connection information with smart padlock, sensor information collected / analyzed, transmitted to the server when threshold is exceeded or abnormal signal is received√Transmission and reception of user-related information and soft switch-related information with LOTO APPL server√Transmission and reception of padlock key-related information with key management server√Smart padlock control & result value feedback8Soft switch√Software for smart padlock control (lock / unlock) installed and operated on a designated computer or mobile device.

[0101] FIG. 13 is a drawing showing a procedure for controlling (locking / unlocking / shackle separation / log viewing) a smart padlock according to a temporary example of the present invention using a mobile app.

[0102] As shown, the smart padlock and related components are operating normally, and the message encryption / decryption process during communication between components and the DATA encryption / decryption process within the components are not indicated.

[0103] After the user runs ② an authorized app on the mobile device, ① the smart padlock is connected to the mobile device using a USB cable, ② the mobile app requests and receives the authorization information of the smart padlock granted to the user from ③ the LOTO APPL server, and if there is authorization for ① the smart padlock connected to the mobile device, ② the mobile app requests and receives status information and the padlock's unique KEY from ① the smart padlock, and then transmits the status information (locked status / unlocked status / shackle separated status) to ③ the LOTO APPL server and transmits the padlock's unique KEY to ④ the KEY management server to inquire whether the KEY is valid. The ④ KEY management server that received the query sends the validation code to the ② mobile app if the serial number and validation result of the padlock are normal, and the ② mobile app then sends the validation code and the control command of the button activated in the smart padlock control menu of the mobile app to the ① smart padlock (unlock or shackle separation if locked, lock command if unlocked / shackle separation), and the ① smart padlock executes the control command at the same time as checking the validation code and sends the result and the status information of the padlock to the ② mobile app, and the ② mobile app sends the status information to the LOTO APPL server and sends the control result to the key management server, and so on, through a series of processes, padlock control and control status monitoring can be performed.

[0104] FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a procedure in which a smart padlock is controlled by tagging and authenticating a user entering an area or workplace with an ID card (employee ID, visitor card, etc.) used as a means of user authentication within the organization in an environment where a user cannot carry a mobile device when entering the area or workplace due to the management policy of the organization or the special nature of the work environment, by linking a smart padlock according to a temporary example of the present invention with an ECD.

[0105] As shown, the smart padlock and ECD can be kept in a constant state of connection, and access can be requested from the LOTO APPL server using a mobile app and approved.

[0106] The LOTO APPL server can transmit the applicant's ID card information and period information to the ECD. The applicant then touches the ID card to the ECD, which then checks its validity. If the ID card is valid, the ECD can request the serial number / key from the smart padlock and receive it.

[0107] Next, the ECD can request key validation by transmitting the SN / Key received from the smart padlock to the key management server. Accordingly, the key management server can transmit a validation code corresponding to the key validation request to the ECD.

[0108] Next, the ECD receives the validation code and, if it is normal, transmits a control command to the smart padlock. The smart padlock then transmits the control result and status information in response to the control command to the ECD. Accordingly, the ECD can transmit status information to the mobile app and the control result to the key management server.

[0109] FIG. 15 is a drawing showing an example of a procedure for controlling a padlock through a software-based smart padlock switch separately provided in a remote equipment operation room or control room without granting the user smart padlock control authority due to the management policy of an organization or the special nature of the work environment, by linking a smart padlock according to a temporary embodiment of the present invention with an ECD.

[0110] As shown, the smart padlock and the ECD can be kept in a constantly connected state, and the entrant can click the access call button through the ECD.

[0111] Accordingly, the ECD can transmit the ECD ID / Soft Switch ID / call signal to the LOTO APPL server, and the LOTO APPL server can transmit the call signal to the Soft Switch.

[0112] Accordingly, a call signal is displayed on the monitor of the Soft Switch, and when “Open” is clicked on the monitor, the Soft Switch transmits an ECD ID / Open command to the LOTO APPL server, and the LOTO APPL server can transmit an Open command to the ECD.

[0113] Next, the ECD can request and receive the SN / Key from the smart padlock according to the Open command. Afterwards, the ECD can send the SN / Key to the key management server to request key validation, and the key management server can send a validation code to the ECD.

[0114] Next, if there is no abnormality in the result of receiving the validation code, the ECD transmits a control command to the smart padlock, and the smart padlock verifies and executes the control command, and transmits the control result and status information according to the control command to the ECD.

[0115] Next, the ECD can transmit status information to the Soft Switch and transmit control results to the key management server.

[0116] FIG. 16 is a drawing showing an example of a damage range of a padlock and surrounding devices and an alarm generation procedure when the Guard Mode is applied to a smart padlock, which is a temporary example of the present invention, and when damage or attempted damage occurs.

[0117] As illustrated, when a third party attempts to forcibly damage a padlock installed at an entrance when the user's entry and exit is infrequent or during a time when the user's entry and exit is low, the smart padlock of the present invention, while connected to the ECD, 1) detects the destruction or attempted destruction of the smart padlock or surrounding equipment and transmits the detection to the server, 2) detects the complete destruction of the padlock or the USB cable connecting the padlock and the ECD when it is cut and transmits the detection to the server, or 3) detects the destruction of the ECD itself when it is damaged and automatically generates an alarm, thereby transmitting an appropriate alarm to the relevant managers so that the managers can take appropriate measures.

[0118] That is, when an abnormal condition occurs, such as an abnormal shock signal from the lock or surrounding facilities, an abnormal temperature information transmitted to the lock, or a lock signal disconnection, the ECD can transmit abnormal information to the LOTO APPL server. Alternatively, when a regular signal disconnection from the ECD occurs due to damage to the ECD itself, the LOTO APPL server itself can generate an abnormal information notification event. Such abnormal information can be transmitted to the administrator console or administrator app.

[0119] As described above, the present invention relates to a technology for implementing a smart padlock that is utilized in a LOCKOUT process performed for the purpose of preventing industrial accidents in industrial sites, or for the purpose of blocking arbitrary access to hazardous areas or facilities in industrial sites and allowing entry only to authorized workers, or for the purpose of access control for major management facilities / facilities in airports, ports, logistics, communications, public sectors, military sectors, etc.

[0120] That is, the present invention is a smart padlock used for the purpose of preventing industrial accidents and strengthening access security, and is a USB communication-based smart lock in which a mobile terminal operates as a power source for the smart padlock. The USB communication-based smart padlock is a separately manufactured mobile device in which the device information and the user are registered in advance in the management server, and the user connects the mobile device on which his / her APP is running to connect the smart padlock to be controlled, and then receives the smart padlock's authorization information from the management server through his / her APP and receives the smart padlock's digital KEY validation code through the KEY management server to control the smart padlock and transmits the information to the management server and the key management server.

[0121] In addition, the Lock Identifier ID is used to identify the location of the lock in locations that require locking, such as doors, valves, and switches of equipment and facilities in industrial sites, and this can be linked to the management server and user APP to control the locks specified for the corresponding lock locations to be locked / unlocked accurately.

[0122] In addition, when the smart padlock implements functions such as locking, unlocking, and shackle separation, the position of the locking cylinder that controls the locking / unlocking of the shackle can be controlled using a magnet and a Hall Effect Sensor.

[0123] In addition, when the shackle of the smart padlock is inserted into the main body of the padlock, the motor drive and locking cylinder can be automatically performed in a locked state by controlling the magnet and Hall Effect sensor inserted into the shackle.

[0124] In addition, the color of the main body of the smart padlock may be different depending on the type of work, risk level, or risk factor in the industrial field, and the color of the main body protection cover for the purpose of preventing corrosion or contamination of the main body may be structured to be distinguished.

[0125] In addition, the smart padlock and its auxiliary devices can be connected to detect signs of attempts by unauthorized persons to tamper with the lock, attempt to unlock it, or destroy equipment around the lock to disable the locking function, and can be structured to transmit an alert to a designated system to enable a quick response.

[0126] Additionally, the smart padlock and its auxiliary device are connected, so that in cases where the user cannot bring a mobile device due to the nature of the site, unlocking can be performed using the ID card, which is the organization's user identification tool.

[0127] Additionally, the smart padlock and its auxiliary devices can be connected to perform unlocking using a software-based control switch from the equipment operator's room or control room located remotely in the field.

[0128] The detailed description of the present invention described above should not be construed as limiting in any respect, but rather as illustrative. The scope of the present invention should be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all modifications within the equivalent scope of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A USB communication-based smart padlock system used for industrial safety and access control purposes. Smart padlock used as a padlock type smart lock; A smart lock management server for managing access control and abnormal status of the above smart padlock; A key management server that performs individual key issuance management, offline key issuance management, and encryption key management of the above smart padlock; A web console that performs operation policy setting, distribution, and change management of the above smart padlock; A user mobile device connected to the above smart padlock via a USB cable and having a smart padlock control app installed for controlling the above smart padlock according to user authority; An external padlock control device that is constantly connected to the smart padlock via a USB cable, transmits status information after controlling the smart padlock to a smart padlock control app installed on the user's mobile device, and transmits the control result to the key management server; A soft switch that receives status information after controlling the smart padlock by a call signal transmitted from the external padlock control device; and A USB communication-based smart padlock system used for industrial safety and access control purposes, including a smart master key that registers a control target smart padlock to perform locking and unlocking control and performs registration and change of offline keys.

2. In claim 1, The above smart padlock, entity; A USB connector located at the bottom of the main body for connecting to the user mobile device or the external padlock control device to supply power and transmit and receive data for controlling the smart padlock; A motor that generates driving force for controlling the above smart padlock; A shackle consisting of a U-shaped front and back portions and having a magnet inserted into the lower portion of the back portion; A control unit that drives the motor in accordance with a locking, unlocking or shackle separation command transmitted from the user mobile device or the external padlock control device; A lock cylinder that is directly connected to the above motor and rotates together to control the position of the lock ball; A locking ball that moves horizontally forward or backward by rotation of the locking cylinder to lock or release the shackle; A motor coupling having a magnet placed at the bottom and connected to the drive shaft of the motor to rotate in the same direction simultaneously when the motor rotates; and The sensor unit includes a sensor section fixed to the upper surface of the motor, three Hall sensors arranged counterclockwise at 90-degree intervals based on the lock ball, and one Hall sensor installed at the lower part of the stand area to detect the lowest point position of the magnet inserted into the shackle. A smart padlock system based on USB communication for industrial safety and access control purposes, characterized in that a locking ball fixing groove is formed on the inner side of the rear portion of the shackle so that the shackle is locked or unlocked or in a shackle separation state, and is structured to be spaced apart from or combined with the locking ball.

3. In claim 2, A USB communication-based smart padlock system used for industrial safety and access control purposes, characterized in that it further includes a body protection cover for protecting the body of the smart padlock.

4. In claim 2, A smart padlock system based on USB communication for industrial safety and access control purposes, characterized in that a magnet is inserted in the lower part of the motor coupling in a 180-degree direction relative to the lock ball, and three hall sensors are arranged in the sensor section in 90-degree, 180-degree, and 270-degree directions relative to the lock ball.

5. In claim 2, The above control unit, A USB to UART converter that is connected to the user mobile device or the external padlock control device via USB communication, supplies power resources, is used for mutual data transmission and reception, and protects the internal circuit by blocking overcurrent when it is supplied; An encryption unit that encrypts and decrypts data transmitted and received with the user mobile device or the external padlock control device connected to the smart padlock and data stored and managed in the internal memory; A motor driver switch that controls the motor to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise according to an external control command; A CPU that receives corresponding signals from three Hall sensors that check the movement of the magnet installed at the bottom of the motor coupling and controls the contacts of the motor driver switch to open or connect; and A USB communication-based smart padlock system used for industrial safety and access control purposes, characterized in that it includes an accelerometer that transmits shock and temperature information to the external padlock control device through the CPU when a signal of damage to the smart padlock and surrounding equipment is detected while the smart padlock is connected to the external padlock control device and set to a protection mode.

6. In claim 5, The above CPU, A USB communication-based smart padlock system used for industrial safety and access control purposes, characterized in that when the smart padlock is set to automatic lock according to a preset setting, a signal for reaching the lowest point of the magnet inserted into the shackle is detected and transmitted from the one hall sensor, the motor is rotated clockwise through the motor driver switch to control the motor coupling connected to the motor so that it is in a locked position.

7. In claim 5, The above CPU, A USB communication-based smart padlock system used for industrial safety and access control purposes, characterized in that when the smart padlock is set to manual locking according to a preset environment, even if a signal of reaching the lowest point of the magnet inserted into the shackle is detected and transmitted from the one hall sensor, the motor coupling connected to the motor is not controlled to be in a locked position, but when a lock command is received from the user mobile device or the external padlock control device, the motor coupling connected to the motor is controlled to be in a locked position.

8. In claim 5, The above external padlock control device, A USB communication-based smart padlock system used for industrial safety and access control purposes, characterized in that it transmits alarm information to the LOTO APPL server when receiving the corresponding shock and temperature information.

9. In claim 5, A USB communication-based smart padlock system used for industrial safety and access control purposes, characterized in that the position of the lock ball changes along with the rotation direction of the lock cylinder, so that the shackle is in one of the locked, unlocked, and unshackled states.

10. In claim 9, A smart padlock system based on USB communication used for industrial safety and access control purposes, characterized in that when the motor coupling rotates, a magnet installed at the bottom of the motor coupling rotates together, three hall sensors arranged in a sensor section at the bottom of the motor coupling detect one of the locked, unlocked, and unshackled positions of the shackle and transmit the detection to the CPU, and the CPU controls the motor driver switch to stop the motor at the corresponding position.

11. A method for operating a smart padlock connected to a user's mobile device, A step in which the smart padlock is connected to the user's mobile device via a USB cable and determines whether there is a connection error in the USB cable; When the USB cable is properly connected, power is supplied to the CPU of the smart padlock, and the smart padlock control app installed on the user's mobile device is executed; A step in which the smart padlock loads firmware into the CPU and performs self-diagnosis of the built-in sensors; and A method for operating a smart padlock connected to a user mobile device, comprising a step of sending a normal response signal to a smart padlock control app when no error occurs in the self-diagnosis result of the smart padlock, thereby notifying that the smart padlock is ready to receive and process all commands transmitted from the smart padlock control app.

12. In claim 11, In the step where the above smart padlock is connected to the user's mobile device via a USB cable and determines whether there is an error in the connection status of the USB cable, A method for operating a smart padlock connected to a user mobile device, characterized in that the method further comprises the step of waiting for up to 3 seconds to check whether there is data polled from the smart padlock in the smart padlock control app when the USB cable is not normally connected, and displaying a USB cable connection status error message when the predefined data is not received.

13. In claim 11, In the step where the above smart padlock loads firmware into the CPU and performs self-diagnosis of the built-in sensors, Step of saving the error log in the internal storage of the smart padlock when an error occurs as a result of self-diagnosis; A step of transmitting the error code to the above smart padlock control app; and A method for operating a smart padlock connected to a user mobile device, characterized in that it further includes a step of converting an error code received from the smart padlock control app into a message recognizable to users and displaying the same.

14. A method for controlling a smart padlock using a smart padlock control app installed on a user's mobile device, Step 1: Run the smart padlock control app installed on the user's mobile device and connect it to the smart padlock using a USB cable; A step in which a smart padlock control app requests and receives permission information of a smart padlock granted to a user from the LOTO APPL server; A step in which a smart padlock control app requests and receives status information and a unique key of the smart padlock from the smart padlock when the user has permission to the smart padlock connected to the user's mobile device; A step of transmitting status information received by the smart padlock control app to the smart lock management server and transmitting the unique key of the smart padlock to the key management server to query whether the key is valid; The key management server sends a validation code to the smart padlock control app if the serial number and unique key of the smart padlock are normal as a result of the validation; Step of the smart padlock control app transmitting a validation code to the smart padlock and a control command of a button activated in the smart padlock control menu; and A smart padlock control method using a smart padlock control app installed on a user's mobile device, the method including a step of executing a control command received by the smart padlock while verifying a validation code and transmitting the control result and status information according to the execution of the control command to the smart padlock control app.

15. In claim 14, After the above smart padlock executes the control command received at the same time as the verification code is confirmed and transmits the control result and status information according to the control command execution to the smart padlock control app, A smart padlock control method using a smart padlock control app installed on a user's mobile device, characterized in that it further includes a step of transmitting status information received by the smart padlock control app to a smart lock management server and transmitting a control result to a key management server.

16. In claim 14, In the step where the above smart padlock control app requests and receives status information and a unique key of the smart padlock from the smart padlock if the user has permission to the smart padlock connected to the user's mobile device, A method for controlling a smart padlock using a smart padlock control app installed on a user's mobile device, characterized in that the status information of the smart padlock includes at least one of lock status, unlock status, and shackle separation status information.

17. In claim 14, At the step where the above smart padlock control app transmits a validation code to the smart padlock and a control command for the button activated in the smart padlock control menu, A smart padlock control method using a smart padlock control app installed on a user's mobile device, characterized in that the above control command is an unlock or shackle separation command when the smart padlock is in a locked state, and a lock command when the smart padlock is in an unlock or shackle separation state.

18. A smart padlock control method using a user ID card, A step of requesting access to the LOTO APPL server and receiving access approval through the smart padlock control app installed on the user's mobile device; The smart lock management server transmits the applicant ID card information and period information requesting access to the external padlock control device; The external padlock control device performs a validation check on the contacted user ID card information, and if normal, requests and receives a serial number and key from the smart padlock; The external padlock control device transmits the serial number and key received from the smart padlock to the key management server to request key validation; The key management server transmits a validation code according to a key validation request to an external padlock control device; The external padlock control device receives a validation code and, if normal, transmits a control command to the smart padlock; and A smart padlock control method using a user ID card, which includes a step of transmitting status information and control results according to the execution of a control command to an external padlock control device.

19. In claim 18, After the above smart padlock transmits status information and control results according to the execution of the control command to the external padlock control device, A smart padlock control method using a user ID card, characterized in that the external padlock control device further includes a step of transmitting status information to a smart padlock control app and transmitting the control result to a key management server.

20. In claim 18, A smart padlock control method using a user ID card, characterized in that the smart padlock and the external padlock control device are constantly connected with a USB cable.

21. A smart padlock control method using a soft switch, The external padlock control device transmits the external padlock control device ID, soft switch ID, and call signal to the smart lock management server when a call signal is input by an entrant; The smart lock management server transmits a call signal to the soft switch; The soft switch transmits the external padlock control device ID and the Open command to the smart lock management server; The smart lock management server transmits an open command to an external padlock control device; The external padlock control device requests and receives a serial number and key from the smart padlock in response to an open command; The external padlock control device transmits the serial number and key received from the smart padlock to the key management server to request key validation; The key management server transmits a validation code according to a key validation request to an external padlock control device; The external padlock control device receives a validation code and, if normal, transmits a control command to the smart padlock; and A smart padlock control method using a soft switch, which includes a step of transmitting status information and control results according to the execution of a control command to an external padlock control device.

22. In claim 21, After the above smart padlock transmits status information and control results according to the execution of the control command to the external padlock control device, A smart padlock control method using a soft switch, characterized in that the external padlock control device further includes a step of transmitting status information to a soft switch and transmitting a control result to a key management server.

23. In claim 21, A smart padlock control method using a soft switch, characterized in that the smart padlock and the external padlock control device are constantly connected with a USB cable.

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