A stable ternary insecticidal composition comprising spinosad, pyriproxyfen and deltamethrin

Abstract

The present disclosures present a insecticidal composition comprising a combination of active ingredients, Spinosad, Pyriproxyfen, and Deltamethrin and methods of preparing and using such compositions. The present disclosure aims to provide enhanced control of a variety of insect pests affecting crops, with a synergistic effect that improves efficacy compared to individual components.

Description

[0001] AN INSECTICIDAL COMPOSITION AND THEREOF

[0002] FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0003] The present invention relates to the field of pesticides. The present invention in particular relates to a synergistic, broad-spectrum insecticidal composition comprising Spinosad, Pyriproxyfen, and Deltamethrin. The present invention further relates to the process of preparation of said composition and its uses thereof.

[0004] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.

[0006] Enhancement of agricultural produce requires the protection of the crops and its produce from pest damage. Various chemicals and their formulations have been developed and are in use currently for the effective management of insects and pests. Due to non-judicious use of the hitherto known pesticides, the pests gain resistance and become hard to kill. Physically compatible pesticide mixtures exhibit a better pest management. These mixtures show multifaceted advantages than when applied individually, providing a synergistic effect.

[0007] The need for more food has to be met through higher yields per unit of land, water, energy and time. Excessive use of mineral fertilizers and chemical pesticides has caused soil degradation, ground water pollution and the spread of the pest's resistant to pesticides in several areas. Hence their judicious use includes avoiding prophylactic sprays, adopting strip treatment, spot application to only those areas with heavy incidence of pests, application to the soil to avoid direct contact with the natural enemies and using selective or non-persistent pesticides. The systemic pesticides are sprayed at a concentration of 0.02 to 0.05 percent active ingredient. The contact pesticides are sprayed at 0.05 to 0.07 or even 0.1 percent active ingredient. The soil application of the granular systemic insecticides varies from 1 to 2 kg a.i. / ha.

[0008] The insecticide are applied up to 2 g / 1 depending upon the chemical used, pest species and season of the application.

[0009] Processes for insecticidal agents and compositions have been developed to control insect pests and in practice have been used as a single or a mixed agent. However, processes for the economically efficient and ecologically safe insect control compositions are still being sought. A process for the preparation of insecticidal compositions which allows for reduced effective dosage rates, increased environmental safety and lower incidence of insect resistance are highly desirable. Although the rotational application of insect control agents having different modes of action may be adopted for good pest management practice, this approach does not necessarily give satisfactory insect control. Further, even though combinations of insect control agents have been studied, a high synergistic action has not always been found. Obtaining an insecticidal composition which demonstrates no cross-resistance to existing insecticidal agents, no toxicity problems and little negative impact on the environment is extremely difficult.

[0010] Spinosad is a naturally derived insecticidal compound produced by the soil bacterium Saccharopolyspora spinosa. It comprises a mixture of two major active components, spinosyn A and spinosyn D, which exhibit potent insecticidal activity. Spinosad is control of a broad spectrum of agricultural and household pests, including thrips, leaf miners, spider mites, mosquitoes, ants, fruit flies, and other insect species. Spinosad involves the overstimulation of the insect nervous system by acting on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and GABA receptors. This overstimulation results in involuntary muscle contractions, tremors, paralysis, and eventual death of the target pest. Pyriproxyfen is a pesticide and insect growth regulator (IGR) that functions by mimicking juvenile hormones in insects, thereby disrupting their normal growth and developmental processes. This mechanism effectively prevents immature insects from maturing into reproductive adults, thereby controlling pest populations over time.

[0011] Pyriproxyfen is widely utilized in agricultural pest management, particularly against whiteflies, aphids, and other sap-sucking insects. It is extensively applied on crops such as cotton, chili, and various horticultural crops. By specifically targeting early developmental stages (eggs and larvae), Pyriproxyfen offers prolonged protection and reduces the need for frequent pesticide applications.

[0012] Deltamethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide known for its broad-spectrum activity against numerous insect pests. It acts primarily through contact and ingestion, targeting the insect’s nervous system by prolonging the opening of sodium channels, leading to hyperexcitation, paralysis, and eventual death.

[0013] Deltamethrin is widely employed in agriculture for the protection of crops from chewing and sucking pests and is also used in public health programs for vector control (e.g., mosquitoes). Its high potency at low application rates, combined with relatively low mammalian toxicity, makes it a preferred insecticide in integrated pest management (IPM) programs.

[0014] The existing problems and limitations in the current agricultural pest management techniques that the present disclosure seeks to address:

[0015] 1. Development of Pest Resistance: a). Many pests have developed resistance to single active ingredient insecticides, making them less effective over time. b). Conventional insecticides often require increased dosages to achieve the same level of pest control, which is unsustainable and increases the risk of environmental contamination. c). The frequent use of single-action insecticides leads to the rapid evolution of resistant pest populations, reducing long-term pest management efficacy.

[0016] 2. Limited Spectrum of Pest Control: a) Single active ingredient insecticides or basic tank mixtures may not be effective against a broad range of insect pests, leading to incomplete control. b) Farmers often need to use multiple products to target different pests, which increases costs and complicates pest management practices. c) Existing solutions may fail to control certain pests like Fruit borer & Thrips effectively in crops like chilli.

[0017] 3. Suboptimal Synergy in Tank Mixes: a). Tank mixtures of individual insecticides do not always exhibit true synergistic effects. The combination may result in antagonistic or control. b). Inconsistent performance of tank mixes can be attributed to the instability of the combined components, leading to inadequate pest control and uneven application.

[0018] 4. Stability Issues in Formulations: a) Existing insecticidal formulations often suffer from stability issues, especially under varying environmental conditions such as high or low temperatures. b) Instability can lead to the separation of active ingredients, reduced efficacy, and challenges in storage and transport. c) Unstable formulations are harder to apply uniformly, affecting the overall effectiveness of pest control measures.

[0019] 5. Need for Higher Dosages: a) Due to the lack of synergistic action, traditional formulations or single active ingredient products may require higher dosages to achieve effective pest control. b) Increased dosages not only raise the cost of pest management but also heighten the risk of crop phytotoxicity and environmental damage, including potential harm to beneficial insects and non-target organisms. The present disclosure aims to overcome these limitations by providing a synergistic insecticidal composition of Spinosad, Pyriproxyfen, and Deltamethrin, ensuring high efficacy at lower dosages, broad-spectrum pest control, formulation stability, and minimal environmental impact.

[0020] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0021] The main objective of the disclosure is to provide a synergistic insecticidal composition combining Spinosad, Pyriproxyfen, and Deltamethrin that enhances pest control efficacy beyond the sum of individual effects.

[0022] Another important object of the present disclosure is to deliver broad-spectrum pest control that effectively targets a variety of insect pests, including Fruit borer & Thrips across different crops like Chilli.

[0023] Another object of the present disclosure is to reduce the likelihood of pest resistance by utilizing a multi-component approach, thereby decreasing the dependence on singleaction insecticides.

[0024] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to ensure stability of the formulation under various environmental conditions, minimizing separation or degradation of active ingredients for consistent performance.

[0025] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to lower the required dosage levels 10 while maintaining effective pest control to crops and minimizing environmental impact.

[0026] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide an easy-to-mix and apply formulation that ensures uniform distribution on crops, improving application efficiency and overall pest control results. Yet another object of the present disclosure is to create an environmentally safer alternative by minimizing harmful residues, thus reducing health risks for farmers, consumers, and non-target organisms.

[0027] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0028] Accordingly, in one aspect, the present invention provides an insecticide composition comprising Spinosad, Pyriproxyfen, and Deltamethrin.

[0029] In one aspect, the present invention provides a synergistic composition of Spinosad, Pyriproxyfen, and Deltamethrin, and agrochemically acceptable additives.

[0030] In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a synergistic composition comprising Spinosad, Pyriproxyfen, and Deltamethrin the composition possesses Insecticidal activity.

[0031] In a further aspect, the present invention provides a method for effective control of various pest in plants.

[0032] In one aspect of the present invention, the Insecticidal composition of the present invention further comprises an agrochemically acceptable excipients selected from the group consisting of anti-freezing agent, dispersing agents, wetting agents, antifoaming agents, biocides, thickeners, surfactants, preservatives, colorants, pigments, buffers, solvents, and the like. Additional components may also be included, e.g., protective colloids, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropic agents, penetration agents, stabilisers, and sequestering agents.

[0033] In another aspect of the present invention, the Insecticidal composition is formulated as capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Dustable powder (DP), Powder for dry seed treatment (DS), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsifiable granule (EG) Emulsifiable water-in-oil (EO), Emulsifiable powder (EP), Emulsifiable for seed treatment (ES), Emulsifiable oil-in-water (EW), flowable concentrate for seed treatment (FS), Suspension Concentrate (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Oil Dispersion(OD). Water dispersible powder for slurry seed treatment (WS), Water dispersible granules (WDG) and Wettable powders (WP), a mixed formulation of CS 20 and SC (ZC), soluble liquid (SL).

[0034] In another aspect, the insecticidal composition of the present invention is preferably formulated as an Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Wettable powders (WP), water-dispersible granules (WDG), Granular (GR), and Suspension Concentrate (SC).

[0035] In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the invention further provides the process for preparation of the said formulation, wherein the said formulation is Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Wettable powders (WP), Water dispersible granules (WDG) , Granular(GR), and Suspension Concentrate (SC).

[0036] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0037] Discussed below are some representative embodiments of the present invention. The invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the specific details and representative methods. The illustrative examples are described in this section in connection with the embodiments and methods provided. The invention according to its various aspects is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the appended claims read in view of this specification and appropriate equivalents.

[0038] It is to be noted that, as used in the specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to a composition containing “a compound” includes a mixture of two or more compounds. It should also be noted that the term “or” is generally employed in its sense including “and / or” unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. The expression of various quantities in terms of “% w / w” or “%” means the percentage by weight, relative to the weight of the total solution or composition unless otherwise specified.

[0039] The term “active ingredient” (a.i.) or “active agent” used herein refers to that component of the composition responsible for control of insects -pests or disease.

[0040] As used herein, the terms "comprises", "comprising", "includes", "including", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, subject to any limitation explicitly indicated. For example, a composition or a method that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, or method.

[0041] The term "synergistic", as used herein, refers the combined action of two or more active agents blended together and administered conjointly that is greater than the sum of their individual effects.

[0042] As used herein, the term “composition” or "formulation" can be used interchangeably, unless stated otherwise, is meant to encompass, and is not limited to, compositions or formulations containing the combination of Spinosad, Pyriproxyfen, and Deltamethrin.

[0043] As used herein, the term “additive(s)” or "auxiliary agent(s)" or “agrochemically acceptable carrier(s)” can be used interchangeably and refers to inert substances which are commonly used as diluent, to provide stability or to increase the activity profile of the composition or formulation with or without having agrochemical activity or direct effect on the undesired phytopathogenic insects and / or microorganisms.

[0044] As used herein, the term "agrochemically acceptable salts" are typically acid addition salts of inorganic or organic acids, preferably of hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid or benzoic acid. As used herein, the term "effective amount" means the amount of the active substances in the compositions to achieve an observable effect on growth, including the effects of necrosis, death, retardation, prevention, and removal, destruction, or otherwise diminishing the occurrence and activity of the target organism. The effective amount can vary for the various compositions used in the present invention. An effective amount of the compositions will also vary according to the prevailing conditions such as desired pesticidal effect and duration, weather, target species, locus, mode of application, and the like.

[0045] In an embodiment, the Insecticidal composition wherein the Spinosad ranging from 10% to 22.0% by weight of the Insecticidal composition.

[0046] In an embodiment, the Insecticidal composition wherein the Pyriproxyfen ranging from 5% to 10.0% by weight of the Insecticidal composition.

[0047] In an embodiment, the Insecticidal composition wherein the Deltamethrin ranging from 1% to 6.0% by weight of the Insecticidal composition.

[0048] In another embodiment of the present invention, the invention further provides the process for preparation of the said formulation, wherein the said formulation is Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Wettable powders (WP), Water dispersible granules (WDG), Granular(GR), and Suspension Concentrate (SC).

[0049] In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the agrochemically acceptable excipients of the formulation are selected from the group consisting of Emulsifiers Anti freezing agents, wetting agents, dispersing agents, defoamers, thickening agents, biocide anticaking agent, fillers, and solvents

[0050] Emulsifiers is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to ethoxylatedpropoxylated alcohols, alkylphenolethoxylates, alkoxylatedtristyrylphenols, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, mixture of fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester, ethoxylated propoxylatedpolyaryl phenol, ethoxylated fatty acids, faty alcohol ethoxylates, ethoxylated ricinoleic acid triglycerides, sorbitan trioleate, tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate, castor oil ethoxylate, alkoxylated phosphate ester or mixtures thereof; These binders or adhesive imparting agents may be used alone or in combination thereof. The Emulsifiers is present in an amount of from 0.1% to 20.0% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.

[0051] Solvent and Co solvent is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to solvents are water, oils of vegetable, cyclohexanone, Heavy aromatic solvent, 2- butoxyethanol, or derivatives thereof. The solvent and Co solvent is present in an amount of from 0.1% to 20.0% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.

[0052] Weting agent is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to non-ionic proprietary surfactant blend alkylphenol ethoxylates or polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters, lignosulfonates, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensates, tristyrylphenol ethoxylates. In a preferred embodiment, the weting cum dispersing agentin an amount of from 0.1% to 5.0% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.

[0053] Antifoaming agent is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to polydimethyl siloxane, polydimethyl siloxane emulsion or mixtures thereof; The Antifoaming agent is present in an amount of from 0.01% to 7.0% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.

[0054] Anti freezing agents is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to selected from the group comprising of ethylene glycol, propane- 1,2-diol, propane- 15 1,2, 3 -triol, urea or mixtures thereof. The Anti freezing agents is present in an amount of from 0% to 15% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.

[0055] Biocide is selected from the group comprising of l,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, formaldehyde, dipropyl glycol solution of l,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one or mixtures thereof. The Biocide is present in an amount of from 0% to 3 % by weight based on a total weight of the composition.

[0056] Dispersing agent is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to polymeric ester dispersant, ethoxylated polyarylphenol phosphate ester, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate / naphthalene sulphonic acid condensate, acrylic copolymer, nonionic proprietary surfactant blend, polycarboxylates, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, aryl sulphonate condensate, sodium lignosulphonate, dispertox BS SPL, polystyrenatedacrylated co-polymer, modified styrene acrylic copolymer, salts of phenol sulfonic acids, Terwet 2700, butyl polyalkylene oxide block co-polymer, mixture of tristyrylphenolethoxylates and polyalkylene oxide derivative of a synthetic alcohol, Kraft lignin sulphonate, random co-polymer of alcoxylated polyethylene glycol or mixtures thereof ;The Dispersing agent is present in an amount of from 0.1% to 20.0% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.

[0057] Inert carriers is selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to kaolin, china clay, alumina, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite, crushed and fractionated natural minerals such as calcite, marble, pumice, dextrin, precipitated silica, sepiolite, bentonite, river sand, white sand, zeolites, starch, sand, talc, quartz, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, aluminium oxide, silicates, calcium phosphates, calcium hydrogen phosphates, ammonium sulphate or mixtures thereof. The inert carriers is present in an amount of from 0% to 90% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.

[0058] Thickening agents are selected from the group comprising of, but not limited to thickening agents by weight of the formulation selected from Hydrophobic fumed silica, Polysaccharides / carboxymethyl cellulose / Bentonite Clay or Organic derivative of hectorite clay. The thickening agents is present in an amount of from ranges from l%-5%by weight based on a total weight of the composition.

[0059] The composition of the present invention is effective for management of insect or pests selected from one or more of Cotton (Gossypium spp.), Paddy (Oryza sativa), Wheat (Triticumaestavum), Barley (Hordeum vulgare), Maize (Zea mays), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) , Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris), Soybean (Glycin max), Peanut (Arachis hypogaea), Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) , Mustard (Brassica juncea), Rape seed (Brassica napus), Linseed (Linum usitatissimum), Sesame (Sesamum indicum), Castor (Ricinus communis), Green gram (Vigna radiate), Black gram (Vigna mungo), Chickpea (Ciceraritinum), Cowpea 20 (Vigna unguiculata), Redgram (Cajanus cajan), Frenchbean (Phaseolus vulgaris), Indian bean (Lablab purpureus), Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum), Field pea (Pisum sativum), Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), Lentils (Lens culinaris), Brinjal (Solanum melongena), Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), Onion 25 (Allium cepa L ), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicun) , Potato (Solanum tuberosum) , Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), Chilly (Capsicum annum), Garlic (Allium sativum), Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), Muskmelons (Cucumis melo), Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), Radish (Raphanus sativus), Carrot (Dacus carota subsp. sativus), Turnip (Brassica rapasubsprapa), Apple (Melus domestica), Banana (Musa 25 spp.), Citrus groups (Citrus spp.), Grape (Vitis vinifera), Guava (Psidium guajava), Litchi (Litchi chinensis), Mango (Mangifera indica), Papaya (Carica papaya), Pineapple (Ananas 5 comosus), Pomegranate (Punica granatum) , Sapota (Manilkara zapota), Tea (Camellia sinensis), Coffea (Coffea Arabica), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Cumin (Cuminum cyminum), Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-30 graecum), Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), Coriander (Coriandrum sativum), Ajwain (Trachyspermumammi), Psyllium (Plantago ovate), Black Pepper (Piper nigrum), 10 Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana), Safedmusli (Chlorophytum tuberosum), Drum stick (Moringa oleifera), Coconut (Coco nucifera), Mentha ( Mentha spp.), Rose (Rosa spp.), Jasmine (Jasminum spp.), Marigold (Tagetes spp.), Common daisy (Bellis perennis), Dahlia (Dahlia hortnesis), Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii), Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) or GMO form thereof. In yet another preferred embodiment, the present invention provides an insecticidal combination or composition comprising of Spinosad, Pyriproxyfen, and Deltamethrin to control the pathogenic microorganism on economically important crops such as chilli. The invention is illustrated by the experiments as exemplified below.

[0060] Examples:

[0061] The examples below are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention, as many variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0062] Example 1: Preparation of insecticidal composition as Suspension concentrates (SC):

[0063] In an embodiment, the chemical composition of the present insecticidal is depicted below in Table 1

[0064] Process for preparing Suspension concentrates (SC)formulation:

[0065] (a) preparing a gum solution by mixing water, biocide, and defoamer, followed by the addition of gum powder and homogenizing the mixture, wherein the gum solution is allowed to hydrate for 12 to 18 hours prior to use;

[0066] (b) preparing a slurry by charging demineralized water, a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, and a suspending agent into a vessel and homogenizing the mixture using a high shear homogenizer for a period ranging from 45 to 60 minutes;

[0067] (c) adding technical active ingredient(s) and remaining adjuvants, excluding antifreeze and thickening agents, to the homogenized slurry to form a uniform slurry, followed by the addition of half of the required quantity of antifoam agent;

[0068] (d) passing the uniform slurry through a particle size reduction equipment to obtain milled material of desired particle size (1-5 microns).

[0069] (e) adding the remaining half of the antifoam agent along with antifreeze agent to the milled slurry; and

[0070] (f) combining the gum solution obtained in step (a) with the milled slurry to form the suspension concentrate composition.

[0071] Example 2: Preparation of insecticidal composition as Suspo emulsion (SE) Formulation:

[0072] Table 2: Insecticidal Composition of the Suspo Emulsion (SE) Formulation.

[0073] Process for preparing Suspo Emulsion (SE) Formulation.

[0074] (a) preparing a gum solution by mixing water, biocide, and defoamer, followed by the addition of gum powder and homogenizing with stirring, wherein the gum solution is allowed to hydrate for 12 to 18 hours prior to use; (b) charging demineralized (DM) water into a vessel, adding a wetting agent, dispersing agent, and suspending agent to the DM water, and homogenizing the mixture using a high-shear homogenizer for 60 to 90 minutes to obtain a homogenized slurry;

[0075] (c) adding technical active ingredient(s) and remaining adjuvants, excluding antifreeze and thickening agents, into the homogenized slurry to form a uniform slurry; (d) incorporating half of the required quantity of antifoam agent into the slurry obtained in step (c);

[0076] (e) passing the uniform slurry through particle size reduction equipment to achieve granule material of desired particle size;

[0077] (f) adding the remaining half of the antifoam agent along with antifreeze agent to the granule material obtained in step (e); and

[0078] (g) combining the gum solution obtained in step (a) with the granule material obtained in step (f) to form the suspo-emulsion composition.

[0079] Example 3: Preparation of insecticidal composition as Wettable Powder (WP) Formulation: Table 3: Insecticidal Composition of the Wettable Powder (WP) Formulation.

[0080] Process for preparing Wettable Powder (WP) Formulation.

[0081] (a) charging a required quantity of filler, wetting agent, dispersing agent, suspending agent, and technical active ingredient into a pre-mixing blender;

[0082] (b) homogenizing the mixture obtained in step (a) for a period of about 60 minutes to obtain a pre-blended material;

[0083] (c) grinding the pre-blended material obtained in step (b) using jet milling or air classifier milling to achieve a desired particle size;

[0084] (d) blending the milled material in a post-blender for a period of about 1.5 hours to obtain a homogeneous material; and (e) unloading and analyzing the homogeneous material obtained in step (d) to obtain the pesticidal formulation.

[0085] Example 4: Preparation of insecticidal composition as Wettable Granule (WG) Formulation: Table 4: Insecticidal Composition of the Wettable Granule (WG) Formulation.

[0086] Process for preparing Wettable Granule (WG) Formulation.

[0087] (a) mixing a required quantity of filler, wetting agent, dispersing agent, suspending agent, adjuvants, and technical active ingredient in a pre-mixing blender for about 30 minutes to obtain a pre-blended material; (b) micronizing the pre-blended material obtained in step (a) using jet mill or air classifier mill;

[0088] (c) blending the micronized material in a post-blender for about 1.5 hours to obtain a homogeneous mixture;

[0089] (d) adding a required quantity of water to the homogeneous mixture to form a dough; (e) extruding the dough through an extruder to obtain needle-shaped granules having a length of 0.6 mm to 0.8 mm and a thickness of 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm;

[0090] (f) drying the wet granules obtained in step (e) using a fluidized bed dryer; and

[0091] (g) grading the dried granules using vibrating screens to obtain the wettable granules.

[0092] Example 5: Preparation of insecticidal composition as Granule (GR) Formulation: Table 5: Insecticidal Composition of the Granule (GR) Formulation.

[0093] Process for preparing Granular (Gr) Formulation.

[0094] (a) mixing a required quantity of filler, wetting agent, dispersing agent, suspending agent, adjuvants, and technical active ingredient in a pre-mixing blender for about 30 minutes to obtain a pre-blended material; (b) micronizing the pre-blended material obtained in step (a) using a jet mill or air classifier mill;

[0095] (c) blending the micronized material in a post-blender for about 1.5 hours to obtain a homogeneous mixture;

[0096] (d) adding a required quantity of silica sand into a rotary drum; (e) wetting the silica sand in the rotary drum with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution;

[0097] (f) gradually adding the homogenized and micronized powder obtained in step (c) onto the wetted silica sand in the rotary drum; and

[0098] (g) mixing the entire content in the rotary drum for about 30 to 45 minutes to obtain pesticidal granules.

[0099] Example 6: Preparation of insecticidal composition as Emulsifiable concentrate (EC) Formulation: Table 6: Insecticidal Composition of the Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC) Formulation.

[0100] Process for preparing Emulsifiable concentrate (EC) Formulation.

[0101] (a) charging a required quantity of heavy aromatic solvent and cyclohexanone cosolvent into a mixing vessel;

[0102] (b) adding a required quantity of emulsifiers into the vessel followed by homogenization using a high shear homogenizer for about 60 to 90 minutes to obtain a homogenized solvent-emulsifier mixture;

[0103] (c) adding technical active ingredients Spinosad, Pyriproxyfen, and Deltamethrin into the homogenized solvent-emulsifier mixture to form a uniform solution;

[0104] (d) filtering the resulting emulsion concentrate solution through a 5 -micron stainless steel plate filter cloth system to obtain a filtered formulation; and

[0105] (e) subjecting the filtered formulation to quality testing and filling it into the desired pack sizes upon qualification.

[0106] Example 7:

[0107] Evaluation of Bio-efficacy & Phytotoxicity of Insecticidal Composition and thereof Spinosad and Pyriproxyfen and Deltamethrin EC against Helicoverpa armigera ase on Chilli crop.

[0108] Chilli is an important commercial crop and is prone to pest attack at various stages of crop growth. Many insect pests are of economic importance and do cause considerable yield loss to an extent of 57-80 per cent. Among the sucking pests, mites and thrips are major problems affecting the plant growth and yield and among the fruit borers Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura pose a major threat.

[0109] METHODOLOGY:

[0110] The field trial was conducted at Guntur and the Chilli hybrid used was Bullet was sown in plots each measuring 25 sq m at 45 cm x 20 cm. Six treatments along with an Untreated Control were evaluated and each treatment was replicated three times. The first application was made when sucking pests mainly thrips are present in sufficient numbers (i.e. ETL level) using a water volume of 500 liters per hectare. Second was imposed at an interval of 15 days. The observations on population of thrips per plant were recorded, from each plot 5 plants were randomly selected for the observation. The thrips population were recorded before as pretreatment count for first spray as well as

[0111] 3 (or) 7 and 15 days after each spray (DAS)

[0112] The data on Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura per plant on 5 randomly selected plants were also recorded before application of treatments and also at 7 DAS and 15 DAS. Treatments were imposed thrice. For the observation of yield data seed cotton was separately harvested in two pickings from each treatment and finally expressed in quintal / ha.

[0113] Experimental Detail: Detail of treatments:

[0114] Table 7:

[0115] Table 8: Effect of different doses of Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC against Helicoverpa armigera on chilli.

[0116] Results:

[0117] First Spray:

[0118] One day before spray H. armigera larvae / plant was uniform and non-significant among the different treatments. Seven days after first application of treatments, the H. armigera larvae / plant ranged from 1.4 to 3.27 with significant differences among the treatments and lowest population of H. armigera was recorded in Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 375 ml / ha (1.4 larvae / plant) which was found to be on par with Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC@ 350 ml / ha (2.33 larvae / plant) and superior over the rest of the treatments.

[0119] Second Spray:

[0120] Fifteen days after second application of treatments, the H. armigera larvae / plant ranged from 1.67 to 2.87 with significant differences among the treatments and lowest population of H. armigera was recorded in Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 350 ml / ha (1.67 larvae / plant) which was found to be on par with Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC@ 375 ml / ha (1.73 larvae / plant) and superior over the rest of the treatments.

[0121] Third Spray:

[0122] Fifteen days after imposing the treatments for third time the H. armigera larvae / plant ranged from 0.87 to 2.67 with significant differences among the treatments and lowest population of H. armigera was recorded in Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 375 / ha (0.87 larvae / plant) which was found to be on par with Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC@ 350 ml / ha (1 larvae / plant), both the above treatments are superior than other treatments.

[0123] The per cent reduction in H. armigera larvae per pant ranged from 40 to 68 and highest reduction of 68% was due to Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 375 ml / ha, followed by 63% with Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC@ 350 ml. Both treatments are at par with each other. Table 9: Effect of different doses of Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC against Spodoptera litura on chilli.

[0124] Results:

[0125] First Spray:

[0126] Before imposing the treatments, no significant differences were observed among the treatments with respect to population of S.litura larvae / plant, 15 days after first application of treatments, the S. litura larvae / plant ranged from 1.53 to 2.53 with significant differences on 15thday after first spray among the treatments and lowest population of S. litura was recorded in Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 375 ml / ha (1.53 larvae / plant) which was found to be on par with Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC@ 350 ml / ha (1.6 larvae / plant), Lowest population of was recorded in Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 375 ml / ha, which was found to be on par with Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC@ 350 ml / ha

[0127] Second Spray:

[0128] Seven days after second application of treatments, the S. litura larvae / plant ranged from 1.28 to 2.98 with significant differences among the treatments and lowest population of S. litura was recorded in Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 375 ml / ha (1.28 larvae / plant) which was qt par with Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 350 ml / ha (1.3 larvae / plant) and lowest population of was recorded in Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 375 ml / ha and Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 350 ml / ha

[0129] Third Spray:

[0130] Fifteen days after third spray, the S. litura larvae / plant ranged from 0.73 to 2.27 with significant differences among the treatments and lowest population of S. litura was recorded in Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 375 ml / ha (0.73 larvae / plant) which was found to be on par with Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC@ 350 ml / ha (0.87 larvae / plant) and the above two treatments are superior over the rest of the treatments.

[0131] The per cent reduction in S. litura population over control ranged from 38.24 to 67.65 and highest reduction of 67.65% was due to Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 375 ml / ha and followed by Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 350 ml / ha (61.76%). Table 10: Effect of different doses of Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC against thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis on chilli.

[0132] Results :

[0133] First Spray:

[0134] Before imposing the treatments, no significant differences were observed among the treatments with respect to population of thrips / three leaves. Seven days after first spray the no . of thrips per three leaves ranged from 12.67 to 21.6 with significant differences among the treatments. The lowest was recorded in Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 350 ml / ha (12.67 thrips / 3 leaves) which was found to be at par with Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC@ 350 ml / ha (12.93 thrips / 3 leaves) and lowest population of Scirtothrips dorsalis, these two treatments are superior over the rest of the treatments. At 15 days after first spray, significant differences were observed among the treatments. Lowest of 9.33 thrips / 3 leaves were recorded in Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 375 ml / ha which was found at par with Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 350 ml / ha (10.33thrips / 3 leaves),

[0135] Second Spray

[0136] Seven days after second spray, thrips per three leaves ranged from 6.07 to 19.33 with significant differences among the treatments, and lowest population of Scirtothrips dorsalis was recorded in Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 375 ml / ha (6.07 thrips / 3 leaves) which was found to be on par with Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC@ 350 ml / ha (6.33 thrips / 3 leaves), these two treatments are superior to the rest of the treatments. Fifteen after second spray Lowest of 5.67 thrips / 3 leaves were recorded in Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 375 ml / ha which was found to be at par with Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 350 ml / ha (6 thrips / 3 leaves),

[0137] Third Spray

[0138] Three days after third spray, thrips per three leaves ranged from 4.73 to 19.73 with significant differences among the treatments, and lowest population of Scirtothrips dorsalis was recorded in Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 350 ml / ha (4.73 thrips / 3 leaves) which was found to be on par with Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC@ 375 ml / ha (5.13 thrips / 3 leaves), these two treatments are superior to the rest of the treatments. Seven days after third spray, lowest no. of thrips was recorded in Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 350 ml / ha (4 thrips / 3 leaves) which was found to be at par with Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 375 ml / ha (4.6 thrips / 3 leaves).

[0139] Significant differences were observed on 15thday after spray, among the treatments with respect to thrips population and ranged between 2.67 to 15.00 and lowest of 2.67 thrips / 3 leaves recorded in the treatment Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 375 ml / ha which was found to be on par with Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxifen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC@ 350 ml / ha (2.80 thrips / 3 leaves), Both of these treatments are superior than other treatments

[0140] Table 11: Impact of Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxifen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC on yield of chilli crop. Results:

[0141] The chilli yield ranged from 22.23 q / ha to 31.13 q / ha with significant differences among the treatments. The highest yield of 31.13 q / ha (38.1% Increase) was recorded in the treatment Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxifen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC@ 375 ml / ha followed by with Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxifen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC@ 350 ml / ha with 30.83 q / ha (38.1% Increase) which was found to be on par with each other.

[0142] Phytotoxicity Observation:

[0143] Phytotoxicity was assessed by visual observation. Ten plants in each treatment per replicate were observed critically at 1,3,7,10, and 14 days after spraying for chlorosis, leaf tip injury, necrosis, epinasty, hyponasty, vein clearing and wilting and were graded on 0-10-point phytotoxicity scale. Table 12: Phytotoxicity effect of Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC on Chilli crop.

[0144] Results: None of the treatments have shown any type of phytotoxicity symptoms on chilli leaves after 1, 1,3,7,10 and 14 days after imposing treatments thrice of Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC@ 350 ml / ha and 375 ml / ha Conclusion:

[0145] • The test insecticide Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 350 ml / ha and 375 ml / ha was found to be effective in reducing chilli thrips by 81% and 82 % respectively • The test insecticide Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC

[0146] @350 ml / ha and 375ml / ha was found to be effective in reducing H. armigera by 63% and 68 % respectively

[0147] • The test insecticide Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @350 ml / ha and 375 ml / ha was found to be effective in reducing S. litura by 62% and 68 % respectively

[0148] • No phytotoxicity symptoms were observed on chilli when Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxifen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @ 350 ml / ha and 375 ml / ha were sprayed on chilli crop crop

[0149] • The increase in yield by 38 per cent and 39 per cent was observed due to Spinosad 19% + Pyriproxyfen 9% + Deltamethrin 5% EC @350ml / ha and 375 ml / ha respectively

Claims

We Claim:

1. An Insecticidal composition comprising a synergistic combination of- a. Spinosad is present in an amount of 10% to 22% by weight; b. Pyriproxyfen is present in an amount of 5% to 10% by weight; c. Deltamethrin is present in an amount of 1% to 6% by weight, and d. Agrochemical acceptable excipient.

2. The Insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein Spinosad is present in an amount of 19% w / w, Pyriproxyfen is present in an amount of 9% w / w, and Deltamethrin is present in an amount of 5 % w / w.

3. The Insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the agrochemically acceptable excipient is ,dispersant / dispersing agents, carriers, thickeners / binders, Biocides, wetting agents, antifreeze agents, antifoaming agents, carriers / fillers and solvents.

4. The Insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formulation is selected from Suspension concentrate (SC), suspo-emulsion (SE) Granules (GR), Wettable granules (WG), Wettable powder (WP) and Emulsion Concentrate (EC).

5. The Insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the SE comprises at least a dispersing agent in an amount in the range of l-6%w / w, at least a wetting agent in an amount in the range of l-10%w / w, at least an anti-foaming agent in an amount in the range of 0.10-10% w / w, at least an anti-freezing agent in an amount up to 1 - 10%w / w, at least Biocide agent in an amount in the range of 0.10-5%w / w, at least a thickening agent in an amount in the range of 0.10-10% w / w, and a solvent up to 95%w / w.

6. The Insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 5, comprising Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate Amine salt of phosphate of 2.5%, Block co-polymer of 1.5% SiloxanePolyalkyleneoxide of 0.20%, Propylene Glycol of 6%, Benzisothiazolin-3-one of 0.20% , Solvent - C-IX of 10 Polysaccharides of 0.10% and Distilled water sand to make 100%7. The Insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the SC comprises at least a dispersing agent in an amount in the range of 2-6%w / w, at least a wetting agent in an amount in the range of l-4%w / w, at least an anti-foaming agent in an amount in the range of 0.10-10%w / w, at least an anti-freezing agent in an amount up to 3-10%w / w, at least Biocide agent in an amount in the range of 0.10-1.0%w / w, at least a thickening agent in an amount in the range of 0.10-50%w / w, and a carrier upto 95%w / w.

8. The Insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 7, comprising Acrylic graft Copolymer surfactant of 3%, Mixture of non-ionic co-polymer of 3% Siloxane Polyalkyleneoxide of 0.50%, Propylene Glycol of 6%, Benzisothiazolin-3-one of 0.15% , - Xanthum Gum of 0.20% and Distilled water sand to make 100%9. The Insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the EC comprises at least a Emulsifiers agent in an amount in the range of 6.0 - 15.0%w / w, a solvent ranges of 5.0 - 25.0% and Carrier up to 95%w / w.

10. The Insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 9, comprising Mixture of Non-ionic and anionic surfactants of 12%, Cyclohexanone of 25 % Heavy aromatic solvent to make 100%11. The Insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the WG comprises at least a dispersing agent in an amount in the range of 2-6%w / w at least a wetting agent in an amount in the range of l-4%w / w, at least an anti-foaming agent in an amount in the range of 0. 10- 10%w / w and a filler up to 95%w / w.

12. The Insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 11, comprising Sodium Polycarboxylate of 4%, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate of 2% Sodium alkyl naphthalenesulfonate Blend of 6%, Poly dimethyl Siloxane of 0.50% and China clay sand to make 100%.

13. The Insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the WP comprises at least a dispersing agent in an amount in the range of 2-6%w / w at least a wetting agent in an amount in the range of l-4%w / w, at least an anti-foaming agent in an amount in the range of 0.10-10%w / w, at least a thickening agent in an amount in the range of 0.10-50%w / w and carriers / fillers in an amount in the range of l-10%w / w, a solvent up to 95%w / w14. The Insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 14, comprising Sodium ligno sulfonate of 6%, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate of 2% Sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate Blend of 4%, Sodium silicate of 4% , Talcum powder of 5% , Poly dimethyl Siloxane of 0.10% and China clay sand to make 100%15. The Insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the GR comprises at least a dispersing agent in an amount in the range of 2-6%w / w, at least a wetting agent in an amount in the range of 1 -4%w / w, at least a thickening agent in an amount in the range of 0.10-50% w / w, and a Carrier up to 95%w / w.

16. The Insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 15, comprising Sodium Polycarboxylate of 3%, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate of 1% Sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate Blend of 10%, Talcum powder of 10%, Poly vinyl alcohol of 2.5%, and Silica sand to make 100%.

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