Metopimazine and its salts as adjunct therapy with GLP-1 agonists

Abstract

Provided herein are methods related to the administration of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), and a GLP-1 agonist.

Description

[0001] Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 METOPIMAZINE AND ITS SALTS AS ADJUNCT THERAPY WITH GLP-1 AGONISTS Related Applications This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.63 / 705,115, filed October 9, 2024, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.63 / 748,711, filed January 23, 2025, which applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Background Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are a class of medications utilized in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. GLP-1 agonists significantly improve glycemic parameters and reduce body weight by activating GLP-1 receptors in the pancreas, which leads to enhanced insulin release and reduced glucagon release, as well as in the central nervous system (area postrema and nucleus tractus solitarius) which leads to satiety, and the GI tract, which leads to slowing of gastric emptying resulting in reduced appetite and delayed glucose absorption. GLP-1 agonists are forecasted to be the largest pharmaceutical class of all time due to their ability to induce weight loss and provide additional health benefits; however, medication compliance with GLP-1 agonists is an ongoing challenge due to GI-related adverse events (AEs). Evidence from clinical trials as well as real-world data highlight that GI-related AEs can develop in 40-70% of treated participants. The four most commonly reported AEs are nausea (~44%), diarrhea (~30%), vomiting (~25%), and constipation (~24%) (Gorgojo-Martinez J, Mezquita-Raya P, Carretero- Gomez J, et al. Clinical recommendations to manage gastrointestinal adverse events in patients treated with GLP-1 receptor agonists: a multidisciplinary expert consensus. J Clin Med.2023;12:145; Liu L, Chen J, Wang L, Chen C, Chen L. Association between different GLP-1 receptor agonists and gastrointestinal adverse reactions: a real-world disproportionality study based on FDA adverse event reporting system database. Front Endocrinol.2022;13:1043789). Most events are reported to be mild Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 and transient in nature and prevalent during dose escalation, especially shortly after each dose increment. While some individuals are able to tolerate the GI related AEs, for others, the events may be more bothersome and / or may progress in severity and persist through dose escalation and maintenance, leading to discontinuation of use. GLP 1 agonist discontinuations due to AEs in clinical trials are generally around 10%; however, a recent analysis of real-world integrated pharmacy and medical claims data by Prime Therapeutics reported that 68% of patients taking either Wegovy® (semaglutide) or Saxenda® (liraglutide) discontinued medication by the end of one year (Leach J, Chodroff, M, Qiu Y, Leslie RS, et al. Real-World Analysis of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonist (GLP-1a) Obesity Treatment One Year Cost- Effectiveness and Therapy Adherence. July 11, 2023. Available at: https: / / www.primetherapeutics.com / wp-content / uploads / 2023 / 07 / GLP-1a-obesity- treatment-1st-year-cost-effectiveness-study-abstract-FINAL-7-11.pdf). Importantly, some reports suggest that even upon cessation of GLP-1 therapy, the GI-related AEs may remain. There is, thus, a need to improve the ability for patients to maintain administration of these therapeutic agents. Summary of the Application The present application provides a method of reaching a maintenance dose of a GLP-1 agonist in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the maintenance dose is reached in less time than if the subject were administered the GLP-1 agonist without the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is for chronic weight management in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is for glycemic control in the subject. In certain such embodiments, hemoglobin A1C levels are reduced. The present application provides a method of chronic weight management in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The present application provides a method of reducing body weight in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments, body weight is reduced in a shorter time period as compared to administering the GLP-1 agonist without the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The present application provides a method of improving the efficacy of a GLP-1 agonist in a subject in need thereof comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is useful in chronic weight management. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is useful in reducing body weight. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is useful in treating obesity. The present application provides a method of treating obesity in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The present application provides a method of lowering the risk of one or more major cardiovascular event in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments, the one or more major cardiovascular event comprises death, heart attack, or stroke. The present application provides a method of reaching a maintenance dose of a GLP-1 agonist in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the maintenance dose is reached in less time than if the subject were administered the GLP-1 agonist without the metopimazine, or a Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprising reducing one or more side effects of administration of the GLP-1 agonist. In certain embodiments, the one or more side effects are GI side effects. In certain embodiments, the reducing the GI side effects comprises reducing the incidence of nausea. In certain embodiments, the reducing the GI side effects comprises reducing the duration of nausea. In certain embodiments, the reducing the GI side effects comprises reducing the severity of nausea. In certain embodiments, the reducing the GI side effects comprises reducing the duration of vomiting events. In certain embodiments, the reducing the GI side effects comprises reducing the frequency of vomiting events. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the subject is suffering from type 2 diabetes. The present application provides a method of improving compliance of a subject utilizing a GLP-1 agonist for chronic weight management comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments, the improving compliance comprises improving the incidence by which the subject follows the dosing schedule provided on the label. The present application provides a method of improving persistence of a subject utilizing a GLP-1 agonist for chronic weight management comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments, the improving persistence comprises increasing the length of time by which the subject follows the dosing schedule provided on the label. The present application provides a method of lowering the risk of one or more major cardiovascular event (e.g., death, heart attack, or stroke) in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist. In certain embodiments, the one or more side effects are GI side effects. In certain such embodiments, reducing one or more GI side effects comprises reducing the incidence of nausea, reducing the duration of nausea, reducing the duration of vomiting events, reducing the frequency of vomiting events, and / or reducing the severity of nausea. The present application provides a method of treating obesity in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist. In certain embodiments, the one or more side effects are GI side effects. In certain such embodiments, reducing one or more GI side effects comprises reducing the incidence of nausea, reducing the duration of nausea, reducing the duration of vomiting events, reducing the frequency of vomiting events, and / or reducing the severity of nausea. The present application provides a method of improving the efficacy of a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., in chronic weight management, reducing body weight, or treating obesity) in a subject in need thereof comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist. In certain embodiments, the one or more side effects are GI side effects. In certain such embodiments, reducing one or more GI side effects comprises reducing the incidence of nausea, reducing the duration of nausea, reducing the duration of vomiting events, reducing the frequency of vomiting events, and / or reducing the severity of nausea. The present application provides a method of reducing body weight in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist. In certain such embodiments, the body weight is reduced in a shorter time period as compared to administering the GLP-1 agonist without the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments, the one or more side effects are GI side effects. In certain such embodiments, reducing one or more GI side effects comprises reducing the incidence of nausea, reducing the duration of nausea, reducing the duration of vomiting events, reducing the frequency of vomiting events, and / or reducing the severity of nausea. The present application provides a method of chronic weight management in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist. In certain embodiments, the one or more side effects are GI side effects. In certain such embodiments, reducing one or more GI side effects comprises reducing the incidence of nausea, reducing the duration of nausea, reducing the duration of vomiting events, reducing the frequency of vomiting events, and / or reducing the severity of nausea. The present application provides a method of reaching a maintenance dose of a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., for chronic weight management or glycemic control) in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the maintenance dose is reached in less time than if the subject were administered the GLP-1 agonist without the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, alleviates one or more side effect(s) associated with the GLP-1 agonist. In certain embodiments, the one or more side effects are GI side effects. In certain such embodiments, reducing one or Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 more GI side effects comprises reducing the incidence of nausea, reducing the duration of nausea, reducing the duration of vomiting events, reducing the frequency of vomiting events, and / or reducing the severity of nausea. The present application provides a method of improving compliance (e.g., improving the incidence by which the subject follows the dosing schedule provided on the label) of a subject utilizing a GLP-1 agonist for chronic weight management comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist. In certain embodiments, the one or more side effects are GI side effects. In certain such embodiments, reducing one or more GI side effects comprises reducing the incidence of nausea, reducing the duration of nausea, reducing the duration of vomiting events, reducing the frequency of vomiting events, and / or reducing the severity of nausea. The present application provides a method of improving persistence (e.g., increasing the length of time by which the subject follows the dosing schedule provided on the label) of a subject utilizing a GLP-1 agonist for chronic weight management comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist. In certain embodiments, the one or more side effects are GI side effects. In certain such embodiments, reducing one or more GI side effects comprises reducing the incidence of nausea, reducing the duration of nausea, reducing the duration of vomiting events, reducing the frequency of vomiting events, and / or reducing the severity of nausea. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist is administered for at least three months. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist is administered for at least six Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 months. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist is administered for at least one year. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist is administered subcutaneously. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist is administered orally. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist and the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, are in different dosage vehicles. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises semaglutide. In certain such embodiments, the semaglutide is administered one time per week. In certain embodiments, the starting dose of semaglutide is 0.25 mg. In other embodiments, the starting dose of semaglutide is 0.5 mg. In certain embodiments, the dose of semaglutide is increased at the fourth administration (i.e., after three weeks). In other embodiments, the dose of semaglutide is increased at the third administration (i.e., after two weeks). In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises semaglutide and the maintenance dose is 1.7 mg or 2.4 mg. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises semaglutide and the maintenance dose is reached in less than 1 year. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises semaglutide and the maintenance dose is reached in less than 6 months. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises semaglutide and the maintenance dose is reached in less than 4 months. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises semaglutide and the maintenance dose is reached in less than 12 weeks. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises liraglutide. In certain such embodiments, the liraglutide is administered one time per day. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises liraglutide and the maintenance dose is 3 mg. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 agonist comprises liraglutide and the maintenance dose is reached in less than 3 weeks. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises tirzepatide. In certain such embodiments, the tirzepatide is administered one time per week. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises tirzepatide and the maintenance dose is 5 mg, 10 mg, or 15 mg. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises tirzepatide and the maintenance dose is reached in less than 8 weeks. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises pemvidutide, AZD5004, survodutide, GZR18, GMA106, GSBR- 1290, HS-20094, HRS7535, HRS9531, noiiglutide (SHR-20004), tirzepatide, LY3457263 + tirzepatide, orforglipron, retatrutide, mazdutide, DA-1726, cagrilintide / semaglutide, NNC0487-0111, semaglutide, CT-388, RGT-075, ecnoglutide (XW003), XW003 + XW017, utreglutide (GL0034), TERN-601, VK2735, dapiglutide, ZP6590, maridebart cafraglutide (AMG133), BGM0504, HDM1002, ID110521156, MDR-001, danuglipron, RT-114 (PG-102), CT-868, CT- 996, XW014, XW004, UBT251, BA5101, DD02S, GZR18, HEC88473, HR17031, LY3493269, NNC0113-6856, insulin icodec / semaglutide (IcoSema), liraglutide, PB- 119, QLG2065, RGT-028, RGT-274, SCO-094, supaglutide, NPM-119, VCT220, AZD9550, DD01, DR10624, cilofexor / firsocostat / semglutide, firsocostat / semglutide, efinopegdutide (MK-6024), NNC01940499 + semaglutide, PB-718, Rejuva, ZT002, Lotiglipron, amycretin, utreglutide (GL0034), supaglutide / metformin, retatrutide (LY3437943), survodutide (BI 456906), AMG 133, HRS-9531, HRS-7535, DD-01, GMA-106, K-757, K-833, PF-522, ECC5004, and / or dapiglutide (ZP7570). In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 is administered orally, intraduodenally, intracolonically, enterally, topically, intranasally, non-orally, buccally, sublingually, by inhalation, or rectally, such as sublingually or orally. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is formulated as a tablet, a capsule, a paste, a powder, a suspension, a suppository, an extended-release formulation, or a modified- release formulation, such as an extended release formulation or a capsule. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprises 5 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprises 10 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprises 20 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered one time per day. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered two times per day. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered three times per day. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered four times per day. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, between about 5 mg and about 160 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered per day. In certain embodiments of the methods of the Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 present application, more than 20 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered per day. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered to the subject for at least 6 days. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered to the subject for at least 7 days. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered to the subject for at least four weeks. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered to the subject for at least 12 weeks. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered to the subject for the full length of time the GLP-1 agonist is administered to the subject. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is metopimazine certain such embodiments, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is a crystalline form of metopimazine mesylate. In certain such embodiments, the crystalline form of metopimazine mesylate comprises less than 10 wt. % of amorphous forms. In other such embodiments, the crystalline form is in non-solvate form. In certain embodiments, the crystalline form comprises less than 10 wt. % of solvate forms. Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 The present application provides a kit comprising: a) one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and b) instructions for the administration of the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in combination with a GLP-1 agonist. The present application provides a kit comprising: a) one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; b) one or more unit dose(s) of a GLP-1 agonist or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist; and c) instructions for the administration of the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in combination with the one or more unit dose(s) of the GLP-1 agonist or the one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising the GLP-1 agonist. The present application provides a kit comprising: a) one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; b) an injectable device comprising one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition suitable for subcutaneous administration comprising a GLP-1 agonist; and c) instructions for the administration of the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in combination with the one or more unit dose(s) of the GLP-1 agonist or Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 the one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising the GLP-1 agonist. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist is administered for chronic weight management, glycemic control (e.g., reducing A1C levels), reducing body weight, treating obesity, and / or lowering the risk of one or more major cardiovascular event (e.g., death, heart attack, or stroke) in a subject in need thereof. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the instructions comprise a schedule for reaching a maintenance dose of the GLP-1 agonist. In certain such embodiments, the maintenance dose is reached in less time than if the subject were administered the GLP-1 agonist without the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the instructions describe administering the GLP-1 agonist for at least three months, for at least six months, or for at least one year. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, wherein the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the one or more unit dose(s) of a GLP-1 agonist or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist, are in different dosage vehicles. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, are formulated as a tablet, a capsule, a paste, a powder, a suspension, a suppository, an immediate-release formulation, an extended-release formulation, or a modified-release formulation. In certain such embodiments, the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, are formulated as an extended-release formulation. In other such embodiments, the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, are formulated as a capsule. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, each unit dose of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or each unit dose of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprises 5 mg, 10 mg, or 20 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the instructions provide for administering the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, one time per day, two times per day, three times per day, or four times per day. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the instructions provide for administering between about 5 mg and about 160 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, per day. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the instructions provide for administering more than 20 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, per day. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the instructions provide for administering the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for at least 6 days, for at least 7 days, for at least four weeks, for at least 12 weeks, and / or for the full length of time the GLP-1 agonist is administered to the Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is metopimazine mesylate. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is a crystalline form of metopimazine mesylate. In certain such embodiments, the crystalline form of metopimazine mesylate comprises less than 10 wt. % of amorphous forms. In other such embodiments, the crystalline form is in non-solvate form (e.g., the crystalline form comprises less than 10 wt. % of solvate forms). In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the one or more unit dose(s) of a GLP-1 agonist or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist, are for oral administration. In other embodiments of the kits of the present application, the one or more unit dose(s) of a GLP-1 agonist or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist, are for subcutaneous administration. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises semaglutide. In certain such embodiments, the instructions provide for administering the semaglutide one time per week. In certain embodiments, the instructions provide for a starting dose of semaglutide of 0.25 mg or 0.5 mg. In certain embodiments of the foregoing, the instructions provide for increasing the dose of semaglutide at the fourth administration or at the third administration. In certain embodiments, the instructions provide for increasing the dose of semaglutide until a maintenance dose of 1.7 mg or 2.4 mg is reached. In certain such embodiments, the maintenance dose is reached in less than 1 year, less than 6 months, less than 4 months, or less than 12 weeks. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises liraglutide. In certain such embodiments, the instructions provide for administering the liraglutide one time per day. In certain embodiments, the instructions provide for increasing the dose of liraglutide until a maintenance dose of 3 mg is reached. In certain such embodiments, the maintenance dose is reached in Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises tirzepatide. In certain such embodiments, the instructions provide for administering the tirzepatide one time per week. In certain embodiments, the instructions provide for increasing the dose of liraglutide until a maintenance dose of 5 mg, 10 mg, or 15 mg is reached. In certain such embodiments, the maintenance dose is reached in less than 8 weeks. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises pemvidutide, AZD5004, survodutide, GZR18, GMA106, GSBR- 1290, HS-20094, HRS7535, HRS9531, noiiglutide (SHR-20004), tirzepatide, LY3457263 + tirzepatide, orforglipron, retatrutide, mazdutide, DA-1726, cagrilintide / semaglutide, NNC0487-0111, semaglutide, CT-388, RGT-075, ecnoglutide (XW003), XW003 + XW017, utreglutide (GL0034), TERN-601, VK2735, dapiglutide, ZP6590, maridebart cafraglutide (AMG133), BGM0504, HDM1002, ID110521156, MDR-001, danuglipron, RT-114 (PG-102), CT-868, CT- 996, XW014, XW004, UBT251, BA5101, DD02S, GZR18, HEC88473, HR17031, LY3493269, NNC0113-6856, insulin icodec / semaglutide (IcoSema), liraglutide, PB- 119, QLG2065, RGT-028, RGT-274, SCO-094, supaglutide, NPM-119, VCT220, AZD9550, DD01, DR10624, cilofexor / firsocostat / semglutide, firsocostat / semglutide, efinopegdutide (MK-6024), NNC01940499 + semaglutide, PB-718, Rejuva, ZT002, Lotiglipron, amycretin, utreglutide (GL0034), supaglutide / metformin, retatrutide (LY3437943), survodutide (BI 456906), AMG 133, HRS-9531, HRS-7535, DD-01, GMA-106, K-757, K-833, PF-522, ECC5004, and / or dapiglutide (ZP7570). The present application provides a medicament comprising: (a) metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and (b) a glp-1 agonist, or a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising the GLP-1 agonist; wherein use of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with use of the GLP-1 agonist. Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 The present application provides a method of chronic weight management, glycemic control, reducing body weight, treating obesity, and / or lowering the risk of one or more major cardiovascular event in a subject in need thereof comprising administering an initial dose of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist and an initial dose of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the initial dose of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is an amount effective to reduce a side effect associated with the initial dose of the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist; and administering to the patient an increased dose of the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist. Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 shows that administration of Metopimazine Mesylate effectively reduced the incidence of nausea and vomiting. Figure 2 shows that administration of Metopimazine Mesylate effectively reduced the duration of nausea events. Figure 3 shows that administration of Metopimazine Mesylate effectively reduced the maximum severity of nausea. Figures 4 shows that administration of Metopimazine Mesylate effectively reduced the average severity of nausea. Figure 5 shows that fewer participants rated their maximum severity of nausea as moderate or severe when Metopimazine Mesylate was administered. Figure 6 shows that fewer participants rated their average severity of nausea as moderate or severe when Metopimazine Mesylate was administered. Figure 7 shows that administration of Metopimazine Mesylate effectively reduced the total number of discrete vomiting episodes. Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 Detailed Description of the Application The present application provides a method of reaching a maintenance dose of a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the maintenance dose of the GLP-1 agonist is reached in less time than if the subject were administered the GLP-1 agonist without the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Administration of the pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as described herein can improve (i.e., reduce) the time it takes to reach the maintenance dose of the GLP-1 agonist as compared to a control subject and / or control population. The control subject can be an individual that has been / is being administered a GLP-1 agonist but has not been administered a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A control population can be a plurality of individuals that have been / are being administered a GLP-1 agonist but have not been administered a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The control subject does not necessarily need to be a different individual, but may be the same subject at a time point prior to receiving a dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The control subject may be the same subject at a time point subsequent to receiving a dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, after a sufficient time has passed such that the pharmaceutical composition is no longer acting in the subject. The control subject can be a different subject. In some embodiments, administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces the time required to reach the maintenance dose of the GLP-1 agonist by at least 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 100%, or over 100% as compared to a control subject. In certain embodiments of the foregoing method, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for chronic weight management in Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for reducing body weight in the subject. n certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of obesity in the subject In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for lowering the risk of one or more major cardiovascular event (e.g., death, heart attack, or stroke) in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of substance dependence and / or substance abuse in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of nicotine dependence and / or nicotine abuse in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of opioid dependence and / or opioid abuse in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of alcohol dependence and / or alcohol abuse in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of alcoholic hepatitis in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for kidney protection in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for liver protection in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for lowering the risk of one or more renal event in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of sleep apnea (e.g., obstructive sleep apnea) in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP- 1 is being administered for the treatment of one or more disease or disorder related to chronic weight management in the subject (e.g., for lowering the risk of one or more major cardiovascular event, for lowering the risk of one or more renal event, and / or for the treatment of sleep apnea). In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for chronic weight management, for the treatment of obesity in the subject, for lowering the risk of one or more disorders associated with obesity, e.g., one or more major cardiovascular event and / or one or more renal event, and / or for the treatment of sleep apnea. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of one or more disease or disorder related to the skin (e.g., psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa, acanthosis nigricans, and / or Hailey-Hailey disease). In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 treatment of one or more disease or disorder related to the central nervous system (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease). In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of hypertension (e.g., the treatment of elevated blood pressure), inflammation, dyslipidemia, and / or atheroschlerosis. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for reducing the risk of cancer (e.g., liver cancer). In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the improvment of kidney function. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the improvement of cognition. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the improvement of fertility. The present application further provides a method of reaching a maintenance dose of a GLP-1 agonist in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the maintenance dose is reached in less time than if the subject were administered the GLP-1 agonist without the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the method comprises reducing one or more side effects of administration of the GLP-1 agonist, such reducing one or more GI side effects (e.g., reducing the incidence of nausea, reducing the duration of nausea, reducing the severity of nausea, reducing the duration of vomiting events, and / or reducing the frequency of vomiting events). Administration of the pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as described herein can improve or reduce one or more side effects of administration of the GLP-1 agonist as compared to a control subject and / or control population. The control subject can be an individual that has been administered a GLP-1 agonist but has not been administered a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A control population can be a plurality of individuals that have been administered a GLP-1 agonist but have not been administered a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The control subject can be a subject that is suffering from, that has been diagnosed with, be Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 suspected of having, or exhibiting one or more side effects associated with the GLP-1 agonist, that is not administered a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The control subject does not necessarily need to be a different individual, but may be the same subject at a time point prior to receiving a dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The control subject may be the same subject at a time point subsequent to receiving a dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, after a sufficient time has passed such that the pharmaceutical composition is no longer acting in the subject. The control subject can be a different subject. In some embodiments, administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces the one or more side effects by at least 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 100%, or over 100% as compared to a control subject. The present application provides a method of lowering the risk of one or more major cardiovascular event (e.g., death, heart attack, or stroke) in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist. In certain embodiments of the foregoing method, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for chronic weight management in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for reducing body weight in the subject. n certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of obesity in the subject In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for lowering the risk of one or more major cardiovascular event (e.g., death, heart attack, or stroke) in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of substance dependence and / or substance abuse in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of nicotine Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 dependence and / or nicotine abuse in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of opioid dependence and / or opioid abuse in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of alcohol dependence and / or alcohol abuse in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of alcoholic hepatitis in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for kidney protection in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for liver protection in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for lowering the risk of one or more renal event in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of sleep apnea (e.g., obstructive sleep apnea) in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 is being administered for the treatment of one or more disease or disorder related to chronic weight management in the subject (e.g., for lowering the risk of one or more major cardiovascular event, for lowering the risk of one or more renal event, and / or for the treatment of sleep apnea). In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for chronic weight management, for the treatment of obesity in the subject, for lowering the risk of one or more disorders associated with obesity, e.g., one or more major cardiovascular event and / or one or more renal event, and / or for the treatment of sleep apnea. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of one or more disease or disorder related to the skin (e.g., psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa, acanthosis nigricans, and / or Hailey-Hailey disease). In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of one or more disease or disorder related to the central nervous system (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease). In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of hypertension (e.g., the treatment of elevated blood pressure), inflammation, dyslipidemia, and / or atheroschlerosis. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for reducing the risk of cancer (e.g., liver cancer). In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the improvment of kidney function. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 being administered for the improvement of cognition. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the improvement of fertility. The present application provides a method of treating obesity in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist. The present application provides a method of improving the efficacy of a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., in chronic weight management, reducing body weight, or treating obesity) in a subject in need thereof comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist. The present application provides a method of reducing body weight in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist. The present application provides a method of chronic weight management in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist. The present application provides a method of reaching a maintenance dose of a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., for chronic weight management or glycemic control) in a Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 subject in need thereof comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the maintenance dose is reached in less time than if the subject were administered the GLP-1 agonist without the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, alleviates one or more side effect(s) associated with the GLP-1 agonist. The present application provides a method of improving compliance (e.g., improving the incidence by which the subject follows the dosing schedule provided on the label) of a subject utilizing a GLP-1 agonist for chronic weight management comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist. The present application provides a method of improving persistence (e.g., increasing the length of time by which the subject follows the dosing schedule provided on the label) of a subject utilizing a GLP-1 agonist for chronic weight management comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist. In some embodiments, administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is effective in treating a side effect of the GLP-1 agonist in the subject. For example, administration of a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is effective in certain methods of the present application by reducing one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of a GLP-1 agonist. Exemplary side effects are Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 described herein. The side effect of the GLP-1 agonist may be selected from the group consisting of nausea, vomiting, eructation, delayed gastric emptying, diarrhea, abdominal pain, gas, bloating, gastroesophageal reflux, fullness, headache, and constipation. In particular cases, administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces nausea in the subject. Administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may reduce the severity of any of the side effects of the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide). In some cases, administration of a pharmaceutical comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces side effect severity of the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) by 1-5%, 2-10%, 5-20%, 10-30%, 20-50%, 40-70%, 50-80%, 70-90%, 80-95%, 90-100%. In some cases, administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces side effect severity of the GLP-1 agonist by at least 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or more than 90%. Administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may reduce frequency of onset of a side effect of the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide). In some cases, administration of a pharmaceutical comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces frequency of onset of the side effect of the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) by 1-5%, 2-10%, 5-20%, 10-30%, 20-50%, 40-70%, 50-80%, 70-90%, 80-95%, 90-100%. In some cases, administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces frequency of side effect onset by at least 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or more than 90%. In some cases, administration of a pharmaceutical comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces the frequency of the side effect of the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) by 1-5%, 2-10%, 5-20%, 10- 95%, 90-100%. In some cases, Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces the frequency of the side effect by at least 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or more than 90%. In some cases, administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces frequency of onset of the side effect of the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) to less than 1 episode a day, less than 1 episode a week, less than 2 episodes a month, less than 1 episode a month, less than 1 episode every 2 months, less than 1 episode every 3 months, less than 1 episode every 4 months, less than 1 episode every 5 months, less than 1 episode every 6 months, less than 1 episode every 7 months, less than 1 episode every 8 months, less than 1 episode every 9 months, less than 1 episode every 10 months, less than 1 episode every 11 months, or less than 1 episode every 12 months (1 year). In some cases, administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces the frequency of the side effect of the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) to less than 1 episode a day, less than 1 episode a week, less than 2 episodes a month, less than 1 episode a month, less than 1 episode every 2 months, less than 1 episode every 3 months, less than 1 episode every 4 months, less than 1 episode every 5 months, less than 1 episode every 6 months, less than 1 episode every 7 months, less than 1 episode every 8 months, less than 1 episode every 9 months, less than 1 episode every 10 months, less than 1 episode every 11 months, or less than 1 episode every 12 months (1 year). The present application provides a method of improving the efficacy of a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) in a subject in need thereof comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered for chronic weight management in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered for reducing body weight in the subject. In certain Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered for the treatment of obesity in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered for lowering the risk of one or more major cardiovascular event (e.g., death, heart attack, or stroke) in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered for the treatment of substance dependence and / or substance abuse in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered for the treatment of nicotine dependence and / or nicotine abuse in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of opioid dependence and / or opioid abuse in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered for the treatment of alcohol dependence and / or alcohol abuse in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered for the treatment of alcoholic hepatitis in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered for kidney protection in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered for liver protection in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered for lowering the risk of one or more renal event in the subject. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide or tirzepatide) is being administered for the treatment of sleep apnea (e.g., obstructive sleep apnea) in the subject. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered for the treatment of one or more disease or disorder related to chronic weight management in the subject (e.g., for lowering the risk of one or more major cardiovascular event, for lowering the risk of one or more renal event, and / or for the treatment of sleep apnea). In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered for chronic weight management and / or the treatment of obesity in the subject and / or for lowering the risk of one or more disorders associated with obesity, e.g., one or more major cardiovascular event and / or one or more renal event, and / or for the treatment of sleep apnea. In certain Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered for the treatment of one or more disease or disorder related to the skin (e.g., psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa, acanthosis nigricans, and / or Hailey-Hailey disease). In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered for the treatment of one or more disease or disorder related to the central nervous system (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease). In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the treatment of hypertension (e.g., the treatment of elevated blood pressure), inflammation, dyslipidemia, and / or atheroschlerosis. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for reducing the risk of cancer (e.g., liver cancer). In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the improvment of kidney function. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the improvement of cognition. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is being administered for the improvement of fertility. The present application provides a method of improving the efficacy of a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) in a subject in need thereof comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered for glycemic control in the subject (e.g., in the treatment of type 2 diabetes). In certain such embodiments, hemoglobin A1C is reduced. In certain such embodiments, hemoglobin A1C is reduced to less than 11%, less than 10%, less than 9.0%, less than 8.5%, less than 8.0%, less than 7.5%, less than 7.0%, less than 6.5%, less than 6.0%, or less than 5.5%. In certain embodiments, hemoglobin A1C is reduced to between 5.0% and 7.0%. In certain embodiments, hemoglobin A1C is reduced to about 7.0%. The present application provides a method of chronic weight management in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The present application provides a method of reducing body weight in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP- 1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments, the body weight is reduced in a shorter time period as compared to administering the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) without the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain such embodiments, administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces the time required to reduce the body weight by at least 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 100%, or over 100% as compared to a control subject (e.g., a subject being administered the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) without the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof). The present application provides a method of improving compliance of a subject utilizing a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) for chronic weight management comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. “Improving compliance” as described herein comprises improving the incidence by which the subject follows the dosing schedule provided on the label or as set forth by the subject’s physician. Administration of the pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, can improve (i.e., increase) patient compliance as relates to administration of the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) as compared to a control subject and / or control population. The control subject can be an individual that has been / is being administered a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) but has not been administered a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A control population can be a plurality of individuals that have been / are being administered a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) but have not been administered a pharmaceutical composition comprising Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The control subject does not necessarily need to be a different individual, but may be the same subject at a time point prior to receiving a dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The control subject may be the same subject at a time point subsequent to receiving a dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, after a sufficient time has passed such that the pharmaceutical composition is no longer acting in the subject. The control subject can be a different subject. In some embodiments, administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, improves (i.e., increases) patient compliance by at least 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 100%, or over 100% as compared to a control subject. In some embodiments, administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, improves (i.e., increases) patient compliance such that the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is administered for at least three months. In some embodiments, administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, improves (i.e., increases) patient compliance such that the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is administered for at least two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or eleven months. In some embodiments, administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, improves (i.e., increases) patient compliance such that the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is administered for at least one, one and a half, two, two and a half, or three years. In some embodiments, administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, improves (i.e., increases) patient compliance such that the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is administered for at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or eleven months longer than a control subject being administered the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) but not been the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 The present application provides a method of improving persistence of a subject utilizing a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) for chronic weight management comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. “Improving persistence” as described herein comprises extending the length of time by which the subject remains on the therapy. Administration of the pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, can improve (i.e., increase) patient persistence as relates to administration of the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) as compared to a control subject and / or control population. The control subject can be an individual that has been / is being administered a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) but has not been administered a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A control population can be a plurality of individuals that have been / are being administered a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) but have not been administered a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The control subject does not necessarily need to be a different individual, but may be the same subject at a time point prior to receiving a dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The control subject may be the same subject at a time point subsequent to receiving a dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, after a sufficient time has passed such that the pharmaceutical composition is no longer acting in the subject. The control subject can be a different subject. In some embodiments, administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, improves (i.e., increases) patient persistence by at least 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 100%, or over 100% as compared to a control subject. In some embodiments, administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, improves (i.e., increases) patient persistence such that the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 semaglutide) is administered for at least two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or eleven months. In some embodiments, administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, improves (i.e., increases) patient persistence such that the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is administered for at least one, one and a half, two, two and a half, or three years. In some embodiments, administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, improves (i.e., increases) patient persistence such that the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is administered for at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or eleven months longer than a control subject being administered the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) but not been the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments of the methods disclosed herein, the GLP-1 agonist comprises pemvidutide, AZD5004, survodutide, GZR18, GMA106, GSBR-1290, HS- 20094, HRS7535, HRS9531, noiiglutide (SHR-20004), tirzepatide, LY3457263 + tirzepatide, orforglipron, retatrutide, mazdutide, DA-1726, cagrilintide / semaglutide, NNC0487-0111, semaglutide, CT-388, RGT-075, ecnoglutide (XW003), XW003 + XW017, utreglutide (GL0034), TERN-601, VK2735, dapiglutide, ZP6590, maridebart cafraglutide (AMG133), BGM0504, HDM1002, ID110521156, MDR- 001, danuglipron, RT-114 (PG-102), CT-868, CT-996, XW014, XW004, UBT251, BA5101, DD02S, GZR18, HEC88473, HR17031, LY3493269, NNC0113-6856, insulin icodec / semaglutide (IcoSema), liraglutide, PB-119, QLG2065, RGT-028, RGT-274, SCO-094, supaglutide, NPM-119, VCT220, AZD9550, DD01, DR10624, cilofexor / firsocostat / semglutide, firsocostat / semglutide, efinopegdutide (MK-6024), NNC01940499 + semaglutide, PB-718, Rejuva, ZT002, Lotiglipron, amycretin, utreglutide (GL0034), supaglutide / metformin, retatrutide (LY3437943), survodutide (BI 456906), AMG 133, HRS-9531, HRS-7535, DD-01, GMA-106, K-757, K-833, PF-522, ECC5004, and / or dapiglutide (ZP7570). In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist is suitable for administering orally, intraduodenally, intracolonically, Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 parenterally, enterally, intraperitoneally, topically, transdermally, ophthalmically, intranasally, locally, non-orally, via spray, subcutaneously, intravenously, intratonsillary, intramuscularly, buccally, sublingually, rectally, intra-arterially, by infusion, or intrathecally. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is suitable for administering orally. In certain embodiments, the GLP-1 agonist is suitable for administering subcutaneously. In certain embodiments of the methods disclosed herein, the GLP-1 agonist comprises liraglutide. In certain such embodiments, the liraglutide, or a combination treatment including liraglutide, is administered one time per day. In certain embodiments of the methods disclosed herein, the maintenance dose of liraglutide is 1.8 mg or 3 mg. In certain embodiments of the methods disclosed herein, the maintenance dose of liraglutide is 3 mg. In certain embodiments of the foregoing, the maintenance dose is reached in less than 3 weeks or in less than 2 weeks. In certain embodiments of the methods disclosed herein, the GLP-1 agonist comprises tirzepatide. In certain such embodiments, the tirzepatide, or a combination treatment including tirzepatide, is administered one time per week. In certain embodiments of the methods disclosed herein, the maintenance dose of tirzepatide is 5 mg, 10 mg, or 15 mg. In certain embodiments of the foregoing, the maintenance dose is reached in less than 8 weeks, in less than 7 weeks, in less than 6 weeks, or in less than 5 weeks. In certain embodiments of the methods disclosed herein, the GLP-1 agonist comprises semaglutide. Accordingly, the present application provides a method of reaching a maintenance dose of semaglutide, or a combination treatment including semaglutide, in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the maintenance dose of the semaglutide, or a combination treatment including semaglutide, is reached in less time than if the subject were administered the semaglutide, or a combination treatment including semaglutide, without the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The present application further provides a method of reaching a maintenance dose of semaglutide, or a Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 combination treatment including semaglutide, in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the maintenance dose is reached in less time than if the subject were administered the semaglutide, or a combination treatment including semaglutide, without the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the method comprises reducing one or more side effects of administration of semaglutide, or a combination treatment including semaglutide, such reducing one or more GI side effects (e.g., reducing the incidence of nausea, reducing the duration of nausea, reducing the severity of nausea, reducing the duration of vomiting events, and / or reducing the frequency of vomiting events). In certain embodiments of the foregoing, the semaglutide, or a combination treatment including semaglutide, is administered one time per week. In certain embodiments of the foregoing methods, the starting dose of semaglutide is 0.25 mg administered once per week. In certain embodiments of the foregoing methods, the maintenance dose is reached by starting with a dose of semaglutide of 0.25 mg administered once per week and increasing the dose once every four weeks, once every three weeks, or once every two weeks, until the maintenance dose is reached. In certain embodiments of the foregoing methods, the maintenance dose is reached by starting with a dose of semaglutide of 0.25 mg administered once per week and increasing the dose at least once every four weeks, at least once every three weeks, or at least once every two weeks until the maintenance dose is reached. In certain embodiments of the foregoing methods, the starting dose of semaglutide is 0.5 mg administered once per week. In certain embodiments of the foregoing methods, the maintenance dose is reached by starting with a dose of semaglutide of 0.5 mg administered once per week and increasing the dose once every four weeks, once every three weeks, or once every two weeks, until the maintenance dose is reached. In certain embodiments of the foregoing methods, the maintenance dose is reached by starting with a dose of semaglutide of 0.5 mg administered once per week and increasing the dose at least once every four weeks, at least once every three weeks, or at least once every two weeks until the maintenance dose is reached. In certain embodiments of the foregoing Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 methods, the maintenance dose of semaglutide is 1.0 mg, 1.7 mg or 2.4 mg per week. In certain embodiments of the foregoing, the maintenance dose of semaglutide is reached in less than one year, less than 11 months, less than 10 months, less than 9 months, less than 8 months, less than 7 months, less than 6 months, less than 5 months, less than 4 months, less than 3 months, or less than 2 months from the beginning of administration of the semaglutide. In certain such embodiments, the maintenance dose of semaglutide is reached in less than one year. In certain such embodiments, the maintenance dose of semaglutide is reached in less than 6 months. In certain such embodiments, the maintenance dose of semaglutide is reached in less than 4 months. In certain such embodiments, the maintenance dose of semaglutide is reached in less 3 months. In certain embodiments of methods of the present application, administration of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) in a subject in need thereof results in improved patient compliance, improved patient persistence, prolonged duration of treatment, and / or improvements in maintenance dose (e.g., less time required to transition to higher doses, such as doses needed for reaching weight loss and broader health goals). In certain embodiments, administration of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) in a subject in need thereof reduces the incidence of side effects (e.g., GI side effects) such as incidence of nausea, duration of nausea and / or vomiting events, and subject-reported severity of nausea. In certain embodiments of methods of the present application, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered daily (e.g., twice daily) for the full length of time the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is administered to the subject. In certain embodiments of methods of the present application, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered daily (e.g., twice daily) for at least 6 days while the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered to the subject as prescribed. In certain embodiments of methods of the present application, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered daily (e.g., twice daily) for at Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 least 7 days while the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered to the subject as prescribed. In certain embodiments of methods of the present application, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered daily (e.g., twice daily) for at least four weeks while the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered to the subject as prescribed. In certain embodiments of methods of the present application, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered daily (e.g., twice daily) for at least 12 weeks while the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered to the subject as prescribed. In certain embodiments of methods of the present application, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered daily (e.g., twice daily) for at least 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 7, months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11 months, or 12 months while the GLP-1 agonist (e.g., semaglutide) is being administered to the subject as prescribed. The present application further provides a kit comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and instructions for the use of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more GLP-1 agonist, or a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising one or more GLP-1 agonist, in the therapeutic regimens and methods disclosed herein. The present application further provides a kit comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more GLP-1 agonist, or a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising one or more GLP-1 agonist. In certain such embodiments, the kit further comprises instructions for the use of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the one or more GLP-1 agonist, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising one or more GLP-1 agonist, in the therapeutic regimens and Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 methods as disclosed herein. In certain embodiments, a commercial package comprises one or more unit doses of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in a therapeutic regimen or method as disclosed herein. For example, the present application provides a kit comprising 1) metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and 2) instructions for administering the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to a subject in coordination with administration of a GLP-1 agonist for any one of the methods as disclosed herein. The present application further provides a kit comprising 1) metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, 2) one or more GLP-1 agonist, or a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising one or more GLP-1 agonist, and 3) instructions for administering the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the one or more GLP-1 agonist, or a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising one or more GLP-1 agonist, to a subject for any one of the methods as disclosed herein. The present application provides a kit comprising: a) one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and b) instructions for the administration of the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in combination with a GLP-1 agonist. The present application provides a kit comprising: a) one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; b) one or more unit dose(s) of a GLP-1 agonist or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist; and c) instructions for the administration of the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in combination with the one or more unit dose(s) of the GLP-1 agonist or the one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising the GLP-1 agonist. The present application provides a kit comprising: a) one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; b) an injectable device comprising one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition suitable for subcutaneous administration comprising a GLP-1 agonist; and c) instructions for the administration of the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in combination with the one or more unit dose(s) of the GLP-1 agonist or the one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising the GLP-1 agonist. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist is administered for chronic weight management, glycemic control (e.g., reducing A1C levels), reducing body weight, treating obesity, and / or lowering the risk of one or more major cardiovascular event (e.g., death, heart attack, or stroke) in a subject in need thereof. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the instructions comprise a schedule for reaching a maintenance dose of the GLP-1 agonist. In certain such embodiments, the maintenance dose is reached in less time than if the subject Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 were administered the GLP-1 agonist without the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the instructions describe administering the GLP-1 agonist for at least three months, for at least six months, or for at least one year. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, wherein the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the one or more unit dose(s) of a GLP-1 agonist or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist, are in different dosage vehicles. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, are formulated as a tablet, a capsule, a paste, a powder, a suspension, a suppository, an immediate-release formulation, an extended-release formulation, or a modified-release formulation. In certain such embodiments, the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, are formulated as an extended-release formulation. In other such embodiments, the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, are formulated as a capsule. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, each unit dose of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or each unit dose of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprises 5 mg, 10 mg, or 20 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the instructions provide for administering the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, one time per day, two times per day, three times per day, or four times per day. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the instructions provide for administering between about 5 mg and about 160 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, per day. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the instructions provide for administering more than 20 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, per day. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the instructions provide for administering the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for at least 6 days, for at least 7 days, for at least four weeks, for at least 12 weeks, and / or for the full length of time the GLP-1 agonist is administered to the subject. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is metopimazine mesylate. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is a crystalline form of metopimazine mesylate. In certain such embodiments, the crystalline form of metopimazine mesylate comprises less than 10 wt. % of amorphous forms. In other such embodiments, the crystalline form is in non-solvate form (e.g., the crystalline form comprises less than 10 wt. % of solvate forms). Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the one or more unit dose(s) of a GLP-1 agonist or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist, are for oral administration. In other embodiments of the kits of the present application, the one or more unit dose(s) of a GLP-1 agonist or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist, are for subcutaneous administration. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises semaglutide. In certain such embodiments, the instructions provide for administering the semaglutide one time per week. In certain embodiments, the instructions provide for a starting dose of semaglutide of 0.25 mg or 0.5 mg. In certain embodiments of the foregoing, the instructions provide for increasing the dose of semaglutide at the fourth administration or at the third administration. In certain embodiments, the instructions provide for increasing the dose of semaglutide until a maintenance dose of 1.7 mg or 2.4 mg is reached. In certain such embodiments, the maintenance dose is reached in less than 1 year, less than 6 months, less than 4 months, or less than 12 weeks. In certain embodiments of the foregoing kits, the instructions provide for a starting dose of semaglutide of 0.25 mg administered once per week. In certain embodiments of the foregoing kits, the instructions provide for a starting dose of semaglutide of 0.25 mg administered once per week and increasing the dose once every four weeks, once every three weeks, or once every two weeks, until the maintenance dose is reached. In certain embodiments of the foregoing kits, the instructions provide for a starting dose of semaglutide of 0.25 mg administered once per week and increasing the dose at least once every four weeks, at least once every three weeks, or at least once every two weeks until the maintenance dose is reached. In certain embodiments of the foregoing kits, the instructions provide for a starting dose of semaglutide of 0.5 mg administered once per week and increasing the dose once every four weeks, once every three weeks, or once every two weeks, until the maintenance dose is reached. In certain embodiments of the foregoing kits, the instructions provide for a starting dose of semaglutide of 0.5 mg administered once per week and increasing the dose at least once every four weeks, at least once every Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 three weeks, or at least once every two weeks until the maintenance dose is reached. In certain embodiments of the foregoing kits, the maintenance dose of semaglutide is 1.0 mg, 1.7 mg or 2.4 mg per week. In certain embodiments of the foregoing, the maintenance dose of semaglutide is reached in less than one year, less than 11 months, less than 10 months, less than 9 months, less than 8 months, less than 7 months, less than 6 months, less than 5 months, less than 4 months, less than 3 months, or less than 2 months from the beginning of administration of the semaglutide. In certain such embodiments, the maintenance dose of semaglutide is reached in less than one year. In certain such embodiments, the maintenance dose of semaglutide is reached in less than 6 months. In certain such embodiments, the maintenance dose of semaglutide is reached in less than 4 months. In certain such embodiments, the maintenance dose of semaglutide is reached in less 3 months. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises liraglutide. In certain such embodiments, the instructions provide for administering the liraglutide one time per day. In certain embodiments of the kits disclosed herein, the maintenance dose of liraglutide is 1.8 mg or 3 mg. In certain embodiments of the kits disclosed herein, the maintenance dose of liraglutide is 3 mg. In certain embodiments of the foregoing, the maintenance dose is reached in less than 3 weeks or in less than 2 weeks. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises tirzepatide. In certain such embodiments, the instructions provide for administering the tirzepatide one time per week. In certain embodiments of the kits disclosed herein, the maintenance dose of tirzepatide is 5 mg, 10 mg, or 15 mg. In certain embodiments of the foregoing, the maintenance dose is reached in less than 8 weeks, in less than 7 weeks, in less than 6 weeks, or in less than 5 weeks. In certain embodiments of the kits of the present application, the GLP-1 agonist comprises pemvidutide, AZD5004, survodutide, GZR18, GMA106, GSBR- 1290, HS-20094, HRS7535, HRS9531, noiiglutide (SHR-20004), tirzepatide, LY3457263 + tirzepatide, orforglipron, retatrutide, mazdutide, DA-1726, cagrilintide / semaglutide, NNC0487-0111, semaglutide, CT-388, RGT-075, Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 ecnoglutide (XW003), XW003 + XW017, utreglutide (GL0034), TERN-601, VK2735, dapiglutide, ZP6590, maridebart cafraglutide (AMG133), BGM0504, HDM1002, ID110521156, MDR-001, danuglipron, RT-114 (PG-102), CT-868, CT- 996, XW014, XW004, UBT251, BA5101, DD02S, GZR18, HEC88473, HR17031, LY3493269, NNC0113-6856, insulin icodec / semaglutide (IcoSema), liraglutide, PB- 119, QLG2065, RGT-028, RGT-274, SCO-094, supaglutide, NPM-119, VCT220, AZD9550, DD01, DR10624, cilofexor / firsocostat / semglutide, firsocostat / semglutide, efinopegdutide (MK-6024), NNC01940499 + semaglutide, PB-718, Rejuva, ZT002, Lotiglipron, amycretin, utreglutide (GL0034), supaglutide / metformin, retatrutide (LY3437943), survodutide (BI 456906), AMG 133, HRS-9531, HRS-7535, DD-01, GMA-106, K-757, K-833, PF-522, ECC5004, and / or dapiglutide (ZP7570). Definitions As used in the specification and claims, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, the term “a cell” includes a plurality of cells, including mixtures thereof. The term “agonist,” as used herein, generally refers to a molecule such as a compound, a drug, an enzyme activator or a hormone modulator that binds to a specific receptor and triggers a response in the cell. An agonist generally mimics the action of an endogenous ligand (such as, e.g., GLP-1) that binds to the same receptor. As used herein, GLP-1 agonist includes GLP-1 analogs. The term “amorphous,” as used herein, refers to solids of disordered arrangements of molecules that do not possess a distinguishable crystal lattice. The term “antagonist,” as used herein, refers to a molecule such as a compound, which diminishes, inhibits, or prevents a cellular response to a receptor activated by an agonist. Antagonists can include, but are not limited to, competitive antagonists, non-competitive antagonists, uncompetitive antagonists, partial agonists and inverse agonists. Competitive antagonists can reversibly bind to receptors at the same binding site (active site) as the endogenous ligand or agonist, without necessarily activating the receptor. Non-competitive antagonists (also known as Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 allosteric antagonists) can bind to a distinctly separate binding site from the agonist, exerting their action to that receptor via another binding site. Non-competitive antagonists generally do not compete with agonists for binding. Binding of a non- competitive antagonist to the receptor may result in a decreased affinity of an agonist to that receptor. Alternatively, binding of a non-competitive antagonist to a receptor may prevent a conformational change in the receptor required for agonist-mediated receptor activation. Uncompetitive antagonists may require receptor activation by an agonist before they can bind to a separate allosteric binding site. Partial agonists can refer to molecules which, at a given receptor, might differ in the amplitude of the functional response that they elicit after maximal receptor occupancy. Although they are agonists, partial agonists can act as a competitive antagonist if co-administered with a full agonist, as it competes with the full agonist for receptor occupancy and producing a net decrease in the receptor activation observed with the full agonist alone. An inverse agonist can have effects similar to an antagonist, but causes a distinct set of downstream biological responses. Constitutively active receptors which exhibit intrinsic or basal activity can have inverse agonists, which not only block the effects of binding agonists like a classical antagonist, but also inhibit the basal activity of the receptor. As use herein, the term "crystal” or “crystals” or “crystalline” or “crystalinic” refers to any solid that has a short or long range order of the molecules, atoms or ions in a fixed lattice arrangement. Salt Crystals of the Present Invention may be in a single crystal form. Therefore, the Salt Crystals of the Present Invention may be in a triclinic, monoclinic, orthorhombic, tetragonal, rhobohedral, hexagonal or cubic crystal form or mixtures thereof. In particular, the Salt Crystals of the Present Invention are dry crystalline form. As used herein, “gastrointestinal (GI) tract” refers to portions of the digestive tract where substantial absorption is observed. As one of skill would readily appreciate, substantial absorption is generally observed in the oral cavity, small intestine (e.g., duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), and large intestine (e.g., colon). Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 As used herein, “metopimazine mesylate” refers to 1-(3-(2-(methylsulfonyl)- 10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)propyl)piperidine-4-carboxamide methanesulfonic acid. As used herein, the “oral cavity” generally refers to the mouth and includes the lips, the lining inside the cheeks and lips, the tongue, the upper and lower gums, the floor of the mouth under the tongue, the sublingual mucosa, the roof of the mouth, and the area behind the wisdom teeth. As used herein, a compound that is “peripherally restricted” generally refers to a compound that does not substantially cross an intact blood brain barrier of a subject. The term also encompasses compounds that may cross an intact blood brain barrier, but upon administration to a subject is rapidly metabolized to a form that does not substantially cross an intact blood brain barrier of the subject. A compound may be considered “peripherally restricted” if, upon administration to a subject, less than 50%, less than 45%, less than 40%, less than 35%, less than 30%, less than 25%, less than 20%, less than 15%, less than 10%, less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, less than 1%, less than 0.5%, less than 0.1% of the compound crosses an intact blood brain barrier of the subject. The term “solvate” refers to crystalline solid adducts containing either stoichiometric or nonstoichiometric amounts of a solvent incorporated within the crystal structure. Therefore, the term “non-solvate” form herein refers to salt crystals that are free or substantially free of solvent molecules within the crystal structures of the invention. Similarly, the term “non-hydrate form herein refers to salt crystals that are free or substantially free of water molecules within the crystal structures of the invention. As used herein, the terms “treatment” or “treating” are used interchangeably herein. These terms refer to an approach for obtaining beneficial or desired results including but not limited to a therapeutic benefit and / or a prophylactic benefit. A therapeutic benefit can mean eradication or amelioration of the underlying disorder being treated. Also, a therapeutic benefit can be achieved with the eradication or amelioration of one or more of the physiological symptoms associated with the Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 underlying disorder such that an improvement is observed in the subject, notwithstanding that the subject may still be afflicted with the underlying disorder. A prophylactic effect includes delaying or eliminating the appearance of a disease or condition, delaying or eliminating the onset of symptoms of a disease or condition, slowing, halting, or reversing the progression of a disease or condition, or any combination thereof. For prophylactic benefit, the compositions may be administered to a subject at risk of developing a particular disease, or to a subject reporting one or more of the physiological symptoms of a disease, even though a diagnosis of this disease may not have been made. A “sub-therapeutic amount” of an agent is an amount less than the effective amount for that agent. When combined with an effective or sub-therapeutic amount of one or more additional agents, the sub-therapeutic amount can produce a result desired by the physician, due to, for example, synergy in the resulting efficacious effects, or reduced adverse effects. A “synergistically effective” therapeutic amount or “synergistically effective” amount of an agent or therapy is an amount which, when combined with an effective or sub-therapeutic amount of one or more additional agents, produces a greater effect than when either of the agents are used alone. In some embodiments, a synergistically effective therapeutic amount of an agent or therapy produces a greater effect when used in combination than the additive effects of any of the individual agents when used alone. The term “greater effect” encompasses not only a reduction in symptoms of the disorder to be treated, but also an improved side effect profile, improved tolerability, improved patient compliance, improved efficacy, or any other improved clinical outcome. The term “co-administration,” “administered in combination with,” and their grammatical equivalents, as used herein, encompass administration of two or more agents to an animal so that both agents and / or their metabolites are present in the subject at the same time. Co-administration includes simultaneous administration in separate compositions, administration at different times in separate compositions, or administration in a composition in which both agents are present. Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 The terms “determining”, “measuring”, “evaluating”, “assessing,” “assaying,” and “analyzing” are used interchangeably herein to refer to any form of measurement, and include determining if an element is present or not. These terms include both quantitative and / or qualitative determinations. Assessing may be relative or absolute. “Assessing the presence of” includes determining the amount of something present, as well as determining whether it is present or absent. Exemplary subjects The pharmaceutical compositions as disclosed herein can be used for the treatment of a disorder in a subject in need thereof. The subject may be suffering from, may be diagnosed with, may be exhibiting a symptom of, or may be suspected of having the disorder. In certain embodiments, subjects suffering from obesity are also considered to be overweight. In certain embodiments, the present application provides a method for treatment or prevention of obesity. In some embodiments the subject suffering from obesity is human, such as an adult human or a paediatric human (including infants, children, and adolescents). Body mass index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on height and weight calculated as follows: BMI = weight in kilograms / height in meters2. A human subject suffering from obesity may have a BMI of 30. In certain embodiments a human subject suffering from obesity has a BMI of 35 or a BMI in the range of 30 to <40. In certain embodiments the obesity is severe obesity or morbid obesity. In certain such embodiments, the human subject has a BMI of 40. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the subject is overweight. In certain embodiments, the overweight subject has a BMI of 25, such as a BMI of 27. In certain embodiments, the overweight subject has a BMI in the range of 25 to <30 or in the range of 27 to <30. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, the overweight subject has at least one weight- related comorbidity. In certain such embodiments, the weight-related comorbidity is selected from the group consisting of hypertension, diabetes (such as type 2 diabetes), dyslipidaemia, high cholesterol, and obstructive sleep apnea. Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 The subject may be, e.g., a mouse, a rat, a hamster, a gerbil, a dog, a cat, a primates such as, e.g., a monkey or human. In some embodiments, the subject is a human. The subject may be an adult, a child, or an infant. The subject can be of any age. Exemplary Compounds In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprises metopimazine mesylate, . In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprises crystalline forms of metopimazine mesylate. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprises metopimazine. In certain embodiments of the methods of the present application, metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of metopimazine. It should be understood that a reference to metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of metopimazine, such as metopimazine mesylate), includes the solvent addition forms or crystal forms thereof, particularly solvates or polymorphs. Solvates contain either stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric amounts of a solvent, and may be formed during the process of crystallization with pharmaceutically acceptable solvents such as water, ethanol, and the like. Hydrates are formed when the solvent is water, or alcoholates are formed when the solvent is alcohol. Solvates of compounds described herein can be conveniently prepared or formed during the processes described herein. In addition, the compounds provided herein can exist in unsolvated as well as solvated forms. In general, the solvated forms are considered equivalent to the unsolvated forms for the purposes of the compounds and methods provided herein. Polymorphs Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 include the different crystal packing arrangements of the same elemental composition of a compound. Polymorphs usually have different X-ray diffraction patterns, infrared spectra, melting points, density, hardness, crystal shape, optical and electrical properties, stability, and solubility. Various factors such as the recrystallization solvent, rate of crystallization, and storage temperature may cause a single crystal form to dominate. In certain embodiments, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is anhydrous metopimazine mesylate. In certain embodiments, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is metopimazine mesylate hydrate. In certain such embodiments, the metopimazine mesylate hydrate is metopimazine mesylate monohydrate. In certain embodiments, metopimazine mesylate as described herein includes a mixture of anhydrous metopimazine mesylate and metopimazine mesylate hydrate. In certain such embodiments, the mixture includes between about 10% metopimazine mesylate hydrate and about 100% metopimazine mesylate hydrate. For example, the mixture includes about 10% metopimazine mesylate hydrate, about 20% metopimazine mesylate hydrate, about 30% metopimazine mesylate hydrate, about 40% metopimazine mesylate hydrate, about 50% metopimazine mesylate hydrate, about 60% metopimazine mesylate hydrate, about 70% metopimazine mesylate hydrate, about 80% metopimazine mesylate hydrate, about 90% metopimazine mesylate hydrate, or about 95% metopimazine mesylate hydrate. Metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as described herein may be in various forms, including but not limited to, amorphous forms, milled forms and nano-particulate forms. In addition, metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as described herein include crystalline forms, also known as polymorphs. Polymorphs include the different crystal packing arrangements of the same elemental composition of a compound. Polymorphs usually have different X-ray diffraction patterns, infrared spectra, melting points, density, hardness, crystal shape, optical and electrical properties, stability, and solubility. Various factors such as the recrystallization solvent, rate of crystallization, and storage temperature may cause a Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 single crystal form to dominate. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprises a crystalline form of metopimazine mesylate, such as those described in WO 2021 / 202839. Exemplary Pharmaceutical compositions In certain embodiments of any of the pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the composition comprises 5 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate). In certain embodiments of any of the foregoing pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the composition comprises 10 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate). In certain embodiments of any of the foregoing pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the composition comprises 15 mg of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate). In certain embodiments of any of the foregoing pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the composition comprises 20 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate). In certain embodiments of any of the pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), the composition is suitable for administration one time per day. In other embodiments of any of the foregoing pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), the composition is suitable for administration two times per day. In certain embodiments of any of the foregoing pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), the composition is suitable for administration three times per day. In other embodiments of any of the foregoing pharmaceutical compositions comprising Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), the composition is suitable for administration four times per day. In certain embodiments of any of the pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), between about 5 mg and about 160 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered per day. In certain embodiments of any of the pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), between about 5 mg and about 240 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered per day, such as about 5 mg, about 10 mg, about 15 mg, about 20 mg, about 30 mg, about 40 mg, about 50 mg, about 60 mg, about 80 mg, about 90 mg, about 100 mg, about 120 mg, about 150 mg, about 160 mg, about 180 mg, about 200 mg, about 240 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered per day. In certain embodiments of any of the pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), about 20 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered two times per day. In certain embodiments of any of the pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), about 40 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered per day. In certain embodiments of any of the pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), the composition is suitable for administration of more than 20 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), per day. In certain embodiments of any of the pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), the Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 composition is suitable for administration of more than 30 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), per day. In certain embodiments of any of the methods disclosed herein, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered to the subject chronically. In other embodiments of any of the methods disclosed herein, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered to the subject acutely. In certain embodiments of any of the methods disclosed herein, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered to the subject for at least 6 days. In certain embodiments of any of the methods disclosed herein, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered to the subject for at least 7 days. In certain such embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is administered to the subject for at least four weeks. In certain further embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is administered to the subject for at least 12 weeks. In certain further embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is administered to the subject for at least 6 months, at least 7 months, at least 8 months, at least 9 months, at least 10 months, at least 11 months, or at least one year. In certain embodiments of any of the methods disclosed herein, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered to the subject one time per day. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered to the subject two times per day. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered to the subject three times per day. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered to the subject four times per day. In certain embodiments of any of the methods disclosed herein, between about 5 mg and about 160 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered to the subject per day. In certain embodiments of any of the methods disclosed herein, more than 20 mg of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered to the subject per day. In certain embodiments of any of the methods disclosed herein, more than 30 mg of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered to the subject per day. In certain embodiments of any of the methods as described herein, between about 5 mg and about 240 mg of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered to the subject per day, such as about 5 mg, about 10 mg, about 15 mg, about 20 mg, about 30 mg, about 40 mg, about 50 mg, about 60 mg, about 80 mg, about 90 mg, about 100 mg, about 120 mg, about 150 mg, about 160 mg, about 180 mg, about 200 mg, about 240 mg of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered to the subject per day. In certain embodiments of any of the methods disclosed herein, about 5 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered to the subject one time, two times, three times, or four times per day. In certain embodiments of any of the methods disclosed herein, about 10 mg, about 15 mg, about 20 mg, about 30 mg, about 40 mg, about 50 mg, or about 60 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered to the subject one time, two times, three times, or four times per day. In certain embodiments of any of the methods disclosed herein, about 40 mg of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered to the subject four times per day. In certain embodiments of any of the methods disclosed herein, about 60 mg of metopimazine, or a Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered to the subject four times per day. Pharmaceutical compositions utilized in the methods of the application may include a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for the present compositions may include, but are not limited to, amino acids, peptides, biological polymers, non-biological polymers, simple sugars or starches, inorganic salts, and gums, which may be present singly or in combinations thereof. The peptides used in the acceptable carrier may include, e.g., gelatin and / or albumin. Cellulose or its derivatives may be used in the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The sugar used in the acceptable carrier may be lactose and / or glucose. Other useful sugars which may be utilized in the pharmaceutical compositions include but are not limited to, fructose, galactose, lacticol, maltitol, maltose, mannitol, melezitose, myoinositol, palatinate, raffinose, stachyose, sucrose, tehalose, xylitol, hydrates thereof, and combinations of thereof. Binders may be included in the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Examples of binders include, but are not limited to, starches (for example, corn starch or potato starch), gelatin; natural or synthetic gums such as acacia, sodium alginate, powdered tragacanth, guar gum, cellulose or cellulose derivatives (for example, methycellulose, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate); microcrystalline cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and mixtures thereof. Inorganic salts used in the acceptable carrier may be a magnesium salt, for example, magnesium chloride or magnesium sulfate. Other inorganic salts may be used, for example, calcium salts. Examples of calcium salts include, but are not limited to, calcium chloride, calcium sulfate. Other examples of substances which may be used in the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier include, but are not limited to, vegetable oils, such as peanut oil, cottonseed oil, olive oil, corn oil; polyols such as glycerin, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol; pyrogen-free water, isotonic saline, phosphate buffer solutions; emulsifiers, such as the Tweens®; wetting agents, lubricants, coloring agents, flavoring agents, preservatives. The term “wetting agents” may be used interchangeably with “surfactants”, and refers to substances that lower the surface tension of a liquid, thus allowing the Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 liquid to spread more easily. Surfactant which can be used to form pharmaceutical compositions and dosage forms of the application include, but are not limited to, hydrophilic surfactants, lipophilic surfactants, and mixtures thereof. That is, a mixture of hydrophilic surfactants may be employed, a mixture of lipophilic surfactants may be employed, or a mixture of at least one hydrophilic surfactant and at least one lipophilic surfactant may be employed. A suitable hydrophilic surfactant may generally have an HLB value of at least 10, while suitable lipophilic surfactants may generally have an HLB value of or less than about 10. A useful parameter that may be used to characterize the relative hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of non-ionic amphiphilic compounds is the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (“ HLB” value). Surfactants with lower HLB values are more hydrophobic, and have greater solubility in oils, while surfactants with higher HLB values are more hydrophilic, and have greater solubility in aqueous solutions. Hydrophilic surfactants are generally considered to be those compounds having an HLB value greater than about 10, as well as anionic, cationic, or zwitterionic compounds for which the HLB scale is not generally applicable. Similarly, lipophilic (i.e., hydrophobic) surfactants are generally considered to be compounds having an HLB value equal to or less than about 10. However, HLB value of a surfactant merely provides a rough guide generally used to enable formulation of industrial, pharmaceutical and cosmetic emulsions. Hydrophilic surfactants may be either ionic or non-ionic. Suitable ionic surfactants include, but are not limited to, alkylammonium salts, fatty acid derivatives of amino acids, glyceride derivatives of amino acids, fusidic acid salts, oligopeptides, and polypeptides, oligopeptides, and polypeptides, lecithins and hydrogenated lecithins, lysolecithins and hydrogenated lysolecithins, phospholipids and derivatives thereof, fatty acid salts, lysophospholipids and derivatives thereof, carnitine fatty acid ester salts, salts of alkylsulfates, sodium docusate, acylactylates, mono- and di- acetylated tartaric acid esters of mono- and di-glycerides, succinylated mono- and di- glycerides, citric acid esters of mono- and di-glycerides, and mixtures thereof. Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 Within the aforementioned group, ionic surfactants include, but are not limited to, lecithins, lysolecithin, phospholipids, lysophospholipids and derivatives thereof, carnitine fatty acid ester salts, fatty acid salts, salts of alkylsulfates, sodium docusate, acylactylates, mono- and di-acetylated tartaric acid esters of mono- and di-glycerides, succinylated mono- and di-glycerides, citric acid esters of mono- and di-glycerides, and mixtures thereof. Ionic surfactants may be the ionized forms of lactylic esters of fatty acids, lecithin, lysolecithin, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylserine, lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylserine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylglycerol, lysophosphatidic acid, PEG-phosphatidylethanolamine, PVP- phosphatidylethanolamine, stearoyl-2-lactylate, stearoyl lactylate, succinylated monoglycerides, mono / diacetylated tartaric acid esters of mono / diglycerides, citric acid esters of mono / diglycerides, cholylsarcosine, caproate, caprylate, caprate, laurate, myristate, palmitate, oleate, linoleate, linolenate, stearate, ricinoleate, lauryl sulfate, teracecyl sulfate, docusate, lauroyl carnitines, palmitoyl carnitines, myristoyl carnitines, and salts and mixtures thereof. Hydrophilic non-ionic surfactants may include, but not limited to, alkylglucosides, alkylthioglucosides, alkylmaltosides, lauryl macrogolglycerides, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers such as polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, polyoxyalkylene alkylphenols such as polyethylene glycol alkyl phenols, polyethylene glycol glycerol fatty acid esters, polyoxyalkylene alkyl phenol fatty acid esters such as polyethylene glycol fatty acids monoesters and polyethylene glycol fatty acids diesters, polyglycerol fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymers and mixtures thereof, polyoxyalkylene sorbitan fatty acid esters such as polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty acid esters, hydrophilic transesterification products of a polyol with at least one member of the group consisting of glycerides, vegetable oils, hydrogenated vegetable oils, fatty acids, and sterols, polyoxyethylene sterols and derivatives or analogues thereof, polyoxyethylated vitamins and derivatives thereof, polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty acid esters and hydrophilic Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 transesterification products of a polyol with at least one member of the group consisting of triglycerides, vegetable oils, and hydrogenated vegetable oils. The polyol may be glycerol, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, propylene glycol, pentaerythritol, or a saccharide. Other hydrophilic-non-ionic surfactants include, without limitation, PEG-10 laurate, PEG-12 laurate, PEG-12 oleate, PEG-15 oleate, PEG-20 oleate, PEG-20 laurate, PEG-32 dilaurate, PEG-32 laurate, PEG-20 dioleate, PEG-32 oleate, PEG-200 oleate, PEG-400 oleate, PEG-15 stearate, PEG-32 distearate, PEG-40 stearate, PEG- 100 stearate, PEG-20 dilaurate, PEG-25 glyceryl trioleate, PEG-32 dioleate, PEG-20 glyceryl laurate, PEG-20 trioleate, PEG-30 glyceryl laurate, PEG-20 glyceryl stearate, PEG-20 glyceryl oleate, PEG-30 glyceryl oleate, PEG-30 glyceryl laurate, PEG-40 glyceryl laurate, PEG-50 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-40 castor oil, PEG-35 castor oil, PEG-60 castor oil, PEG-40 palm kernel oil, PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-60 corn oil, PEG-6 caprate / caprylate glycerides, PEG-8 caprate / caprylate glycerides, polyglyceryl-10 laurate, PEG-30 cholesterol, PEG-25 phyto sterol, PEG-30 soya sterol, PEG-40 sorbitan oleate, PEG- 80 sorbitan laurate, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80, POE-9 lauryl ether, POE-23 lauryl ether, POE-10 oleyl ether, POE-20 oleyl ether, POE-20 stearyl ether, tocopheryl PEG-100 succinate, PEG-24 cholesterol, polyglyceryl-10oleate, Tween 40, Tween 60, sucrose monostearate, sucrose monolaurate, sucrose monopalmitate, PEG 10-100 nonyl phenol series, PEG 15-100 octyl phenol series, and poloxamers. Suitable lipophilic surfactants include, but are not limited to, fatty alcohols, glycerol fatty acid esters, acetylated glycerol fatty acid esters, lower alcohol fatty acids esters, propylene glycol fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty acid esters, sterols and sterol derivatives, polyoxyethylated sterols and sterol derivatives, polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, sugar ethers, sugar esters, hydrophobic transesterification products of a polyol with at least one member of the group consisting of glycerides, vegetable oils, hydrogenated vegetable oils, fatty acids and sterols, oil-soluble vitamins / vitamin derivatives, lactic acid derivatives of mono- and di-glycerides, and mixtures thereof. Within this group, preferred Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 lipophilic surfactants include glycerol fatty acid esters, propylene glycol fatty acid esters, and mixtures thereof, or are hydrophobic transesterification products of a polyol with at least one member of the group consisting of vegetable oils, hydrogenated vegetable oils, and triglycerides. Lubricants that may be used in the pharmaceutical composition include, but are not limited to, agar, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, mineral oil, light mineral oil, glycerin, sorbitol, mannitol, polyethylene glycol, other glycols, stearic acid, sodium lauryl sulfate, talc, hydrogenated vegetable oil (e.g., peanut oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, olive oil, corn oil, and soybean oil), zinc stearate, ethyl oleate, ethylaureate, or mixtures thereof. Additional lubricants include, by way of example, a syloid silica gel, a coagulated aerosol of synthetic silica, or mixtures thereof. A lubricant can optionally be added, in an amount of less than about 1 weight percent of the pharmaceutical composition. The composition may include one or more pharmaceutically acceptable additives, which may include, but are not limited to, detackifiers, anti-foaming agents, buffering agents, antioxidants, polymers, preservatives, chelating agents, odorants, opacifiers, suspending agents, fillers, plasticizers, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier comprises more than 90%, more than 80%, more than 70%, more than 60%, more than 50%, more than 40%, more than 30%, more than 20%, more than 10%, more than 9%, more than 8%, more than 6%, more than 5%, more than 4%, more than 3%, more than 2%, more than 1%, more than 0.5%, more than 0.4%, more than 0.3%, more than 0.2%, more than 0.1%, more than 0.09%, more than 0.08%, more than 0.07%, more than 0.06%, more than 0.05%, more than 0.04%, more than 0.03%, more than 0.02%, more than 0.01%, more than 0.009%, more than 0.008%, more than 0.007%, more than 0.006%, more than 0.005%, more than 0.004%, more than 0.003%, more than 0.002%, more than 0.001%, more than 0.0009%, more than 0.0008%, more than 0.0007%, more than 0.0006%, more than 0.0005%, more than 0.0004%, more than 0.0003%, more than 0.0002%, or more than 0.0001% of the pharmaceutical composition by w / w, w / v or v / v. Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 In some embodiments, the concentration of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), in the composition comprises less than 100%, less than 90%, less than 80%, less than 70%, less than 60%, less than 50%, less than 40%, less than 30%, less than 20%, less than 10%, less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, less than 1%, less than 0.5%, less than 0.4%, less than 0.3%, less than 0.2%, less than 0.1%, less than 0.09%, less than 0.08%, less than 0.07%, less than 0.06%, less than 0.05%, less than 0.04%, less than 0.03%, less than 0.02%, less than 0.01%, less than 0.009%, less than 0.008%, less than 0.007%, less than 0.006%, less than 0.005%, less than 0.004%, less than 0.003%, less than 0.002%, less than 0.001%, less than 0.0009%, less than 0.0008%, less than 0.0007%, less than 0.0006%, less than 0.0005%, less than 0.0004%, less than 0.0003%, less than 0.0002%, or less than 0.0001% of the pharmaceutical composition by w / w, w / v or v / v. In some embodiments, the concentration of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is in the range of about 0.0001% to about 50%, about 0.001% to about 40%, about 0.01% to about 20%, about 0.02% to about 29%, about 0.03% to about 28%, about 0.04% to about 27%, about 0.05% to about 26%, about 0.06% to about 25%, about 0.07% to about 24%, about 0.08% to about 23%, about 0.09% to about 22%, about 0.1% to about 21%, about 0.2% to about 20%, about 0.3% to about 19%, about 0.4% to about 18%, about 0.5% to about 17%, about 0.6% to about 16%, about 0.7% to about 15%, about 0.8% to about 14%, about 0.9% to about 12%, about 1% to about 10% of the pharmaceutical composition by w / w, w / v or v / v. In some embodiments, the concentration of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is in the range of about 0.0001% to about 5%, about 0.001% to about 4%, about 0.01% to about 2%, about 0.02% to about 1%, or about 0.05% to about 0.5% of the pharmaceutical composition by w / w, w / v or v / v. Described below are some non-limiting examples of pharmaceutical Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 Pharmaceutical compositions for oral administration The pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), can be formulated for oral administration. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), for oral administration is a solid pharmaceutical composition. In some embodiments, the solid pharmaceutical composition may be presented as discrete (e.g., unit) oral dosage forms. Non-limiting examples of discrete oral dosage forms include tablets, capsules, caplets, gelatin capsules, sustained release formulations, lozenges, thin films, lollipops, chewing gum. In some embodiments, the discrete oral dosage form is an orally disintegrating oral dosage form, such as, e.g., an orally disintegrating tablet. Discrete oral dosage forms such as tablets may be coated by known techniques to delay or prolong absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, thus providing a sustained action of a longer period of time. In some embodiments, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is mixed with one or more inert solid diluents, such as calcium carbonate or calcium phosphate. In some embodiments, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is presented as soft gelatin capsules, wherein the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is mixed with water or an oil medium, such as peanut oil, or olive oil, for example. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), for oral administration is a liquid pharmaceutical composition. Non-limiting examples of liquid compositions for oral administration include hydrophilic suspensions, emulsions, liquids, gels, syrups, slurries, solutions, elixirs, softgels, tinctures, and hydrogels. In some embodiments, solid or liquid compositions comprising an effective amount of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), for oral administration Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 comprise various sweetening or flavoring agents, or coloring agents. Examples of coloring agents include dyes suitable for food such as those known as F.D. & C. dyes and natural coloring agents such as grape skin extract, beet red powder, beta carotene, annato, carmine, turmeric, paprika, and so forth. Derivatives, analogues, and isomers of any of the above colored compound also may be used. Such dosage forms may be prepared by methods well known to those skilled in the art, e.g., in a pharmacy. Such methods would comprise bringing the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), into association with the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. This application further encompasses anhydrous pharmaceutical compositions and dosage forms comprising an effective amount of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), since water may facilitate the degradation of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate). In some embodiments, the anhydrous pharmaceutical compositions and dosage forms of the application are prepared using anhydrous or low moisture containing ingredients. In some embodiments, the anhydrous pharmaceutical compositions and dosage forms of the application are prepared under low humidity or low moisture conditions. The pharmaceutical compositions of the present application which contain lactose may be made anhydrous if substantial contact with moisture and / or humidity during manufacturing, packaging, and / or storage is expected. An anhydrous pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), may be prepared and stored such that its anhydrous nature is maintained. For example, the anhydrous compositions may be packaged using materials known to prevent exposure to water such that they can be included in suitable formulary kits, examples of which include, but are not limited to, hermetically sealed foils, plastic or the like, unit dose containers, blister packs, and strip packs. Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 Pharmaceutical compositions for injection or parenteral administration In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for parenteral administration. “Parenteral administration” generally refers to routes of administration other than the gastro-intestinal tract. Examples of parenteral administration include, but are not limited to, intravenous injection, intra-arterial injection, intrathecal injection (into the spinal cord), intratonsillary injection, subcutaneous injection, intramuscular injection, infusion, or implantation. Infusion may be intradermal, or subcutaneous, or through a transdermal implant. Exemplary pharmaceutical compositions for parenteral administration are disclosed in the following references which are hereby incorporated by reference: U.S. Patent Application Pub. No 2006 / 0287221, U.S. Patent Nos.5244925, 4309421, 4158707, and 5164405, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference. Compositions formulated for parenteral administration may include aqueous solutions and / or buffers commonly used for injection and / or infusion. Commonly used aqueous buffers and / or solutions may include, but are not limited to sodium chloride solutions of about 0.9%, phosphate buffers, Lactated Ringer’s solution, Acetated ringer’s solution, phosphate buffered saline, citrate buffers, Tris buffers, histidine buffers, HEPES buffers, glycine buffers, N-glycylglycine buffers, and the like. Other pharmaceutically acceptable carriers for parenteral administration may include ethanol, glycerol, propylene glycol, cyclodextrin and cyclodextrin derivatives, vegetable oils, and the like. In some embodiments, pharmaceutical compositions for injection and / or infusion contain preservatives present in amounts that effectively prevent or reduce microbial contamination or degradation. Various agents, e.g., phenol, m-cresol, benzyl alcohol, parabens, chlorobutanol, methotrexate, sorbic acid, thimerosol, ethyl hydroxybenzoate, bismuth tribromophenate, methyl hydroxybenzoate, bacitracin, propyl hydroxybenzoate, erythromycin, 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, mitoxantrone, rifamycin, chlorocresol, benzalkonium chlorides, may be used to prevent or reduce contamination. Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 In some embodiments, sterile solutions are prepared by incorporating metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), in the required amount in the appropriate solvent with various other ingredients as described herein, as required, followed by filtered sterilization. Generally, dispersions are prepared by incorporating the various sterilized active ingredients into a sterile vehicle which contains the basic dispersion medium and the required other ingredients from those enumerated above. In the case of sterile powders for the preparation of sterile injectable solutions, certain methods of preparation include but are not limited to vacuum-drying and freeze-drying techniques which yield a powder of the active ingredient plus any additional desired ingredient from a previously sterile-filtered solution thereof. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for topical and / or transdermal delivery. Compositions of the present application can be formulated into preparations in liquid, semi-solid, or solid forms suitable for local or topical administration. Examples of forms suitable for topical or local administration include but are not limited to, gels, water soluble jellies, creams, lotions, suspensions, foams, powders, slurries, ointments, oils, pastes, suppositories, solutions, sprays, emulsions, saline solutions, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)-based solutions. In general, carriers with higher densities are capable of providing an area with a prolonged exposure to the active ingredients. In contrast, a solution formulation may provide more immediate exposure of the active ingredient to the chosen area. The pharmaceutical composition may comprise suitable solid or gel phase carriers, which are compounds that allow increased penetration of, or assist in the delivery of, therapeutic molecules across the stratum corneum barrier of the skin. There are many of these penetration-enhancing molecules known to those skilled in the art of topical formulation. Examples of such carriers and excipients include, but are not limited to, alcohols (e.g., ethanol), fatty acids (e.g., oleic acid), humectants (e.g., urea), glycols (e.g., propylene glycol), surfactants (e.g., isopropyl myristate and sodium lauryl sulfate), glycerol monolaurate, sulfoxides, pyrrolidones, terpenes (e.g., menthol), amines, amides, alkanes, alkanols, water, calcium carbonate, calcium Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 phosphate, various sugars, starches, cellulose derivatives, gelatin, and polymers such as polyethylene glycols. Another exemplary formulation for use in the methods of the present application employs transdermal delivery devices ("patches"). Such transdermal patches may be used to provide continuous or discontinuous infusion of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), as described herein in controlled amounts, either with or without an additional agent. The construction and use of transdermal patches for the delivery of pharmaceutical agents is well known in the art. See, e.g., US Patent Nos.5,023,252; 4,992,445; and 5,001,139; which are herein incorporated by reference. In some embodiments, the application provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), as described herein for transdermal delivery, and a pharmaceutical excipient suitable for delivery by inhalation. Compositions for inhalation include solutions and suspensions in pharmaceutically acceptable, aqueous or organic solvents, or mixtures thereof, and powders. The liquid or solid compositions may contain suitable pharmaceutically acceptable excipients as described herein. The compositions may be administered by the oral or nasal respiratory route for systemic effect. In some embodiments, compositions in preferably pharmaceutically acceptable solvents may be nebulized by use of inert gases. In some embodiments, nebulized solutions may be inhaled directly from the nebulizing device. In other embodiments, nebulizing device may be attached to a face mask tent or intermittent positive pressure breathing machine. Solution, suspension, or powder compositions may be administered, preferably orally or nasally, from devices that deliver the formulation in an appropriate manner. Other pharmaceutical compositions The pharmaceutical compositions employed in the present application may be formulated for intraocular (ophthalmic), rectal, sublingual, buccal, or intranasal (e.g., intrapulmonary) administration. Formulations suitable for intraocular administration include eye drops wherein the active ingredient is dissolved or suspended in a suitable Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 carrier, especially an aqueous solvent for the active ingredient. The active ingredient is preferably present in such formulations in a concentration of 0.5 to 20%, advantageously 0.5 to 10% particularly about 1.5% w / w. Formulations suitable for sublingual administration, typically are formulated to dissolve rapidly upon placement in the mouth, allowing the active ingredient to be absorbed via blood vessels under the tongue. Exemplary sublingual formulations include, e.g., lozenges comprising the active ingredient in a flavored basis, usually sucrose and acacia or tragacanth; pastilles comprising the active ingredient in an inert basis such as gelatin and glycerin, or sucrose and acacia; mouthwashes comprising the active ingredient in a suitable liquid carrier; orally disintegrating tablets which may, for example, disintegrate in less than 90 seconds upon placement in the mouth; and thin films. Such disintegration can be measured by an in vitro dissolution test. Formulations for buccal administration can include, e.g., buccal tablets, bioadhesive particles, wafers, lozenges, medicated chewing gums, adhesive gels, patches, films, which may be delivered as an aqueous solution, a paste, an ointment, or aerosol, to name a few. Formulations for rectal administration may be presented as a suppository with a suitable base comprising for example cocoa butter or a salicylate. Formulations suitable for intrapulmonary or nasal administration can have a particle size for example in the range of 0.1 to 500 microns (including particle sizes in a range between 0.1 and 500 microns in increments microns such as 0.5, 1, 30 microns, 35 microns, etc.), which is administered by rapid inhalation through the nasal passage or by inhalation through the mouth so as to reach the alveolar sacs. Suitable formulations include aqueous or oily solutions of the active ingredient. Formulations suitable for aerosol or dry powder administration may be prepared according to conventional methods and may be delivered with other therapeutic agents such as compounds heretofore used in the treatment or prophylaxis of cancerous infections as described below. A pharmacological formulation of the present application can be administered to the patient in an injectable formulation containing any compatible carrier, such as various vehicle, adjuvants, additives, and diluents; or the metopimazine mesylate utilized in the present application can be administered parenterally to the patient in the form of Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 slow-release subcutaneous implants or targeted delivery systems such as monoclonal antibodies, vectored delivery, iontophoretic, polymer matrices, liposomes, and microspheres. Examples of delivery systems useful in the present application include: 5,225,182; 5,169,383; 5,167,616; 4,959,217; 4,925,678; 4,487,603; 4,486,194; 4,447,233; 4,447,224; 4,439,196; and 4,475,196. Many other such implants, delivery systems, and modules are well known to those skilled in the art. Preparations for such pharmaceutical compositions are described in, e.g., Anderson, Philip O.; Knoben, James E.; Troutman, William G, eds., Handbook of Clinical Drug Data, Tenth Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2002; Pratt and Taylor, eds., Principles of Drug Action, Third Edition, Churchill Livingston, New York, 1990; Katzung, ed., Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, Ninth Edition, McGraw Hill, 20037ybg; Goodman and Gilman, eds., The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Tenth Edition, McGraw Hill, 2001; Remingtons Pharmaceutical Sciences, 20th Ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins., 2000; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, Thirty- Second Edition (The Pharmaceutical Press, London, 1999); all of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. Exemplary Modes of Administration Administration of a pharmaceutical composition as described herein can be performed by any method that enables delivery of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), to the site of action. In certain embodiments of any of the pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the composition is suitable for administering orally, intraduodenally, intracolonically, parenterally, enterally, intraperitoneally, topically, transdermally, ophthalmically, intranasally, locally, non-orally, via spray, subcutaneously, intravenously, intratonsillary, intramuscularly, buccally, sublingually, rectally, intra-arterially, by infusion, or intrathecally. In certain embodiments, the composition is suitable for administering orally. In certain embodiments, the composition is suitable for administering sublingually. Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 In certain embodiments of any of the pharmaceutical compositions comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the pharmaceutical composition is formulated as a tablet, a capsule, a cream, a lotion, an oil, an ointment, a gel, a paste, a powder, a suspension, a syrup, an enema, a suppository, an emulsion, or a solution, an extended-release formulation, or a modified-release formulation. In certain embodiments, the composition is formulated as an extended release formulation. In certain embodiments, the composition is formulated as a capsule. In some cases, the oral administration may comprise administration of any of the oral dosage forms as described herein. The effective amount of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), administered will be dependent on the subject being treated, the severity of the disorder or condition, the rate of administration, the disposition of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), and the discretion of the prescribing physician. A subject can be administered a daily dosage of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), as described herein for the methods disclosed herein. The daily dosage can be from about 0.01 mg / kg to about 500 mg / kg of body weight per day. In some embodiments, administration may comprise infusion. In some cases, infusion may involve chronic, steady dosing. Devices for chronic, steady dosing, e.g., by a controlled pump, are known in the art, (examples may be described in US 7341577, US7351239, US8058251, herein incorporated by reference). Administration of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), may continue as long as necessary. In some embodiments, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered for more than 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, or 28 days. In particular embodiments, metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered for more than 5 days. In some embodiments, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered for more than 12 weeks. In some Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 embodiments, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered for more than 1 month, more than 2 months, more than 4 months, more than 6 months, more than 1 year, more than 2 years, or more than 5 years. In some embodiments, the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g., metopimazine mesylate), is administered for less than five days. Exemplary Combination Therapies In some embodiments, the method comprises co-administration of an additional agent (e.g., a further agent in addition to the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (such as metopimazine mesylate), and the GLP-1 agonist. Additional agents may be: small molecules, nutraceuticals, vitamins, e.g., vitamin D, drugs, pro-drugs, biologics, peptides, peptide mimetics, antibodies, antibody fragments, cell or tissue transplants, vaccines, polynucleotides, DNA molecules, RNA molecules, (i.e.-siRNA, miRNA), antibodies conjugated to drugs, toxins, fusion proteins. Agents may be delivered by vectors, including but not limited to: plasmid vectors, viral vectors, non-viral vectors, liposomal formulations, nanoparticle formulations, toxins, therapeutic radioisotopes, etc. In some embodiments, a method of the application comprises co- administration of a peripherally restricted dopamine decarboxylase inhibitor and a pharmaceutical composition as described herein. For example, an application method may comprise co-administration of carbidopa and a pharmaceutical composition as described herein. The additional agent can be an agent for use in the treatment of an enteric nervous system disorder. In some embodiments, the additional agent is an additional anti-emetic agent (e.g., used for the treatment of nausea and / or vomiting). The additional anti-emetic agent can be, by way of non-limiting example only, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, a dopamine receptor antagonist, an NK1 receptor antagonist, an antihistamine, a cannabinoid, a benzodiazepine, an anticholinergic agent., a steroid, a phenothiazine or other anti-emetic. Exemplary 5-HT3 receptor antagonists include, but are not limited to, Odansetron, Tropisetron, Granisetron, Palonosetron, Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 Dolasetron. Exemplary dopamine receptor antagonists include, e.g., Metoclopramide (Reglan), Domperidone (Motilium), Olanzapine (Zyprexa) Droperidol, Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine, Promethazine, Prochlorperazine, Alizapride, Prochlorperazine, Sulpiride. Exemplary NK1 receptor antagonists include, e.g., Aprepitant, Tradipitant or Casopitant. Exemplary antihistamines include, e.g., Cyclizine, Diphenhydramine (Benadryl), Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine), Doxylamine, Meclozine (Bonine, Antivert), Promethazine (Pentazine, Phenergan, Promacot), and Hydroxyzine (Vistaril), Cimetidine, Famotidine, Lafutidine, Nizatidine, Ranitidine, Roxatidine, Tiotidine. Exemplary cannabinoids include, e.g., Cannabis, Sativex, tetrahydrocannabinol, Dronabinol, and synthetic cannabinoids such as Nabilone. Exemplary benzodiazepines include, e.g., midazolam or Lorazepam. Exemplary anticholinergic agents include, e.g., scopolamine. Other exemplary anti-emetics include, e.g., Trimethobenzamide, Ginger, Emetrol, Propofol, Peppermint, Erythromycin, Muscimol, botulinum toxin A (e.g., injected into the stomach to relax the pyloric muscle), and Ajwain. Exemplary phenothiazines include, e.g., Thiethylperazine (Torecan), Prochlorperazine (Compro, Compazine), Promethazine (Phenergan), Thiethylperazine (Torecan). Other exemplary agents are prokinetics such as Bethanechol (urecholine), Cisapride (Propulsid), Domperidone (Motilium), Erythromycin (Emycin), Metoclopramide (Reglan, Metozolv), Pyridostigmine bromide (Mestinon).The additional agent can be an agent for treatment of another disease or clinical syndrome associated with gastroparesis. Exemplary other diseases and clinical syndromes are described herein. The additional agent can be a prokinetic agent such as a grelin agonist or a motilin agonist. Exemplary grelin agonists include e.g., relamorelin and ulimorelin. Exemplary motilin agonist include, e.g. Erythromycin, Azithromycin or Clarithromycin. The additional agent can be an agent for treatment of diabetes. Exemplary agents for the treatment of diabetes include, e.g., insulin. Other agents for the treatment of diabetes are described in, for example, US Patent Nos.6274549, No. US20070129307, and PCT Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 Application Publication No. WO / 2004 / 082667A1, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference. The additional agent can be for treatment of upper and lower dysmotility disorders associated with Parkinson’s disease. The additional agent can be for treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Exemplary agents for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease include, e.g., dopaminergic agents, MAO-A or B inhibitors such as, e.g., selegiline, COMT inhibitors such as entacapone, amantadine, stem cell transplant, and neuroprotective agents. Exemplary dopaminergic agents include, but are not limited to levodopa, bromocriptine, pergolide, pramipexole, cabergoline, ropinorole, apomorphine or a combination thereof. The additional agent can be for treatment of pain such as analgesics. Exemplary analgesics include, e.g., Amitriptyline (Elavil), Gabapentin (Neurontin), Pregabalin (Lyrica), Hydromorphone (Dilaudid), Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), Acetaminophen (Tylanol), Ketorolac tromethamine (Toradol) Mirtazapine (Remeron), Morphine (MSCotin), Naproxen (Aleve), Nortriptyline (Pamelor), Oxycodone (Oxycotin), Oxycodone and paracetamol (Percocet), Tapentadol (Nucynta), Tramadol (Ultram, Ultracet). The additional agent can be for treatment of hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or hyperparathyroidism. Exemplary agents for the treatment of such diseases include, e.g., beta-adrenergic blockers (“beta blockers”), levothyroxine calcimimetics, estrogen, progesterone, bisphosphonates. The additional agent can be for treatment of adrenal insufficiency. Exemplary agents for treatment of adrenal insufficiency include, e.g., corticosteroid hormones (for example, aldosterone, fludrocortisones, and cortisol). The additional agent can be for treatment of gastroesophageal reflux. Exemplary agents for treatment of gastroesophageal reflux include, e.g., antacids such as calcium carbonate or magnesium hydroxide, for example, proton pump inhibitors such as Omeprazole, H2 receptor antagonists such as Ranitidine, Famotidine, Antacids, Mosapride, Sucralfate, and Baclofen, Potassium-Competitive Acid Blockers (P-CABs) such as Vonoprazan, Fexuprezan or Tegoprazan. Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 The additional agent can be for treatment of scleroderma. For example, the additional agent can be D-penicillamine, colchicine, PUVA, relaxin, cyclosporine, and EPA (omega-3 oil derivative), immunosupressants such as, e.g., methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, and mycophenolate. The additional agent can be for treatment of polymyositis. For example, the additional agent can be a corticosteroid, e.g., prednisone, or can be an immunosuppressant. The additional agent can be for treatment of muscular dystrophy. For example, the additional agent can be, e.g., a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist. Exemplaryglucocorticoid receptor antagonists include, but are not limited to, mifepristone, 11 -(4 -dimethylaminoethoxyphenyl)-17 -propynyl-17 -hydroxy-4,9 estradien-3-one,17 -hydroxy-17 -19-(4-methylphenyl)androsta-4,9(11)-dien-3-one, 4 (S)-Benzyl-2(R)-prop-1-ynyl-1,2,3,4,4 ,9,10,10 (R)-octahydro-phenanthrene-2,7-diol and 4 (S)-Benzyl-2(R)-chloroethynyl-1,2,3,4,4 ,9,10,10 (R)-octahydro-phenanthrene-2,7-diol,and (11 ,17 )-11-(1,3-benzodioxo-5-yl)-17-hydroxy-17-(1-propynyl)estra-4,9-dien-3-one. The additional agent can be for treatment of amyloidosis. For example, the additional agent can be an amyloid beta sheet mimic, an antioxidant, molecular chaperone, or other agent. Exemplary agents for the treatment of amyloidosis are described in, e.g., WO / 2008 / 141074. Exemplary molecular chaperones include, e.g., HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, HSP100, BiP, GRP94, GRP170, calnexin and calreticulin, Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), Peptidyl prolyl cis-trans-isomerase (PPI), trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), betaine, glycine betaine, glycero- phosphorylcholine, carbohydrates such as, e.g., glycerol, sorbitol, arabitol, myo- inositol and trehalose, choline, 4-Phenyl butyric acid, and taurine-conjugated ursodeoxycholic acid. The additional agent can be for treatment of chronic idiopathic pseudoobstruction. For example, the additional agent can be Prucalopride, Pyridostigmine, Metoclopramide, cisapride, linaclotide, octreotide, cannabinoids, and erythromycin. Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 The additional agent can be for treatment of dermatomyositis. For example, the additional agent can be Prednisolone, Methotrexate, Mycophenolate (CellCept / Myfortic), intravenous immunoglobulins, Azathioprine (Imuran), Cyclophosphamide, Rituximab, and Acthar Gel. The additional agent can be for treatment of systemic lupus erytematosus. For example, the additional agent can be renal transplant, corticosteroids, immunosupressants, Hydroxychloroquine, Cyclophosphamide, Mycophenolic acid, immunosupressants, analgesics, intravenous immunoglobins, and the like. The additional agent can be for treatment of anorexia and / or bulimia. For example, the additional agent can be olanzapine, a tricyclic antidepressant, an MAO inhibitor, mianserin, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, e.g., fluoxetine, lithium carbonate, trazodone, and bupropion, phenytoin, carbamazepine, and valproic acid, opiate antagonists such as, e.g., naloxone and naltrexone, and topiramate. The additional agent can be for treatment of depression. For example, the additional agent can be a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, bupropion, a tricyclic antidepressant, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, and the like. The additional agent can be for treatment of paraneoplastic syndrome. The additional agent can be for treatment of a high cervical cord lesion. For example, the additional agent can be a corticosteroid or other anti- inflammatory medication. The additional agent can be for treatment of multiple sclerosis. For example, the additional agent can be interferon beta-1b, interferon beta- 1a, Glatiramer acetate, Mitoxantrone, natalizumab, fingolimod, teriflunomide, or cladribine. The additional therapeutic agent can be selected from the group consisting of serotonin agonists, serotonin antagonists, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, anticonvulsants, opioid receptor agonists, bradykinin receptor antagonists, NK receptor antagonists, adrenergic receptor agonists, benzodiazepines, gonadotropin- releasing hormone analogues, calcium channel blockers, and somatostatin analogs. Dosages of the additional agent and of a pharmaceutical composition as described herein for use in the treatment of an enteric nervous system disorder can Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 vary depending on the type of additional therapeutic agent employed, on the disease or condition being treated and so forth. Sub-therapeutic amounts of one or both of the additional agent and the pharmaceutical composition as described herein can be used. The sub-therapeutic amount of one or both of the additional agent and the pharmaceutical composition as described herein can be a synergistically effective amount. Therapeutically effective amounts of one or both of the additional agent and the pharmaceutical composition as described herein can be used. The pharmaceutical composition as described herein and the additional agent may be administered either simultaneously or sequentially. If administered sequentially, the attending physician or caretaker can decide on the appropriate sequence of administering the pharmaceutical composition as described herein and the additional therapeutic agent. In some embodiments, a method comprising administering any of the pharmaceutical compositions described herein further comprises combination therapy with an additional therapeutic regimen. The additional therapeutic regimen can comprise implantation of a medical device. The medical device can be implanted in the stomach and / or abdomen, e.g., in the duodenum. The medical device can be an electrical device. The medical device can be a pacemaker. Such a pacemaker can utilize electrical current to induce stomach and / or duodenal contractions, thereby promoting gastrointestinal motility. Such medical devices, and methods of using them, are disclosed in US Patent No.8,095,218, hereby incorporated by reference. Embodiments of the application are further described in detail by reference to the following examples. These examples are provided for the purpose of illustration only, and are not intended to be limiting unless otherwise specified. Thus, the application should in no way be construed as being limited to the following examples, but rather, should be construed to encompass any and all variations which become evident as a result of the teaching provided herein.

[0002] Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 Examples The following examples are offered to illustrate but not to limit the application. Example 1: Synthesis of Metopimazine Mesylate and Its Crystalline Forms One of skill in the art will recognize that the following synthetic reactions and schemes may be modified by choice of suitable conditions and reagents in order to access metopimazine mesylate, 1-(3-(2-(methylsulfonyl)-10H-phenothiazin-10- yl)propyl)piperidine-4-carboxamide methanesulfonic acid, from metopimazine, 1-(3- (2-(methylsulfonyl)-10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)propyl)piperidine-4-carboxamide. Metopimazine, and methods of making metopimazine, are described in DE1092476, Example 2: A Proof-of-Concept, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Investigate the Safety and Efficacy of Oral Metopimazine Mesylate in the Treatment of Side Effects in Healthy Adult Participants Administered a Single Subcutaneous Dose of a Glucagon Like Peptide 1 Agonist On Day 1, participants (n=90) were randomized to receive metopimazine mesylate or placebo in a 1:1 ratio. All participants had a BMI 22.0 and 35.0 kg / m2and were not currently taking a GLP-1 agonist. Metopimazine mesylate (20 mg administered orally via capsule with approximately 24 mL of water) or placebo was administered twice daily (BID) for 5 consecutive days with a single subcutaneous (SC) dose of 0.5 mg semaglutide coadministered on the morning of Day 2. Safety and adverse events were monitored throughout the study by repeated clinical and Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 laboratory evaluations. Participants also rated the duration and degree of gastrointestinal (GI) events severity using a numeric rating scale (NRS) if they experience a GI related AE at the end of each day. Water (except water provided with each dosing) was restricted 1 hour prior to and 1 hour after each dosing, but was allowed ad libitum at all other times. Other fluids were given as part of meals and snacks but were restricted at all other times throughout the testing period. On Days 1 and 5, participants were required to fast overnight for at least 10 hours prior to the morning dose and continued the fast for at least 4 hours post morning dose. A fasting period was not required for any other dose administrations. Each meal and / or snacks served was standardized and of similar caloric content and composition and was taken at approximately the same time in each cohort. Standard meals and snacks were provided at appropriate times, except when participants were required to fast. Participants were required to fast from all food and drink except water between meals and snacks. At the end of each day, participants rated their duration and degree of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, upset stomach, bloating, belching, gas, and heartburn severity using a numeric rating electronic scale, if they experience a GI related AE at any time during the day. The responses on duration and degree of severity were considered on an 11-point scale (0 to 10) with the smallest score (i.e., 0) representing the most desirable health state (e.g., absence of an AE) and the largest score (i.e., 10) representing the least desirable health state (e.g., worst possible symptoms of an AE). The score was recorded. The difference between the 2 treatment groups in the number of days with treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs) of nausea and / or vomiting within 4 days (96 hours) following GLP-1 agonist injection was tested by a Cochran Mantel– Haenszel row mean test. The difference between the 2 treatment groups in the rates of moderate and severe nausea and / or vomiting TEAEs with an onset within the first 4 days (96 hours) following GLP-1 agonist injection (as graded by the PI or designee) was tested by a Fisher’s exact test. The difference between the 2 treatment groups in the rates of nausea and / or vomiting TEAEs with an onset within the first 4 days (96 Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 hours) following GLP-1 agonist was tested by a chi-square test. The difference between the 2 treatment groups in the number of days with moderate or severe TEAEs of nausea and / or vomiting within 4 days (96 hours) following GLP-1 agonist injection was tested by a Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel row mean test. The difference between the 2 treatment groups in the rates of nausea TEAEs with an onset within the first 4 days (96 hours) following GLP-1 agonist was tested by a chi-square test. The difference between the 2 treatment groups in the rates of vomiting TEAEs with an onset within the first 4 days (96 hours) following GLP-1 agonist was tested by a chi- square test. The difference between the 2 treatment groups in the rates of severe nausea and / or vomiting TEAEs with an onset within the first 4 days (96 hours) following GLP-1 agonist was tested by a Fisher’s exact test. The difference between the 2 treatment groups in the rates of nausea and / or vomiting TEAEs with an onset within the 5 day treatment duration of metopimazine mesylate was tested by a chi- square test. The difference between the 2 treatment groups in the number of vomiting episodes following GLP-1 agonist treatment was tested by a non-parametric Wilcoxon Two-Sample Test. Figure 1 shows that administration of metopimazine mesylate effectively reduced the incidence of nausea and vomiting. A reduction of 40% in incidence of nausea compared to placebo (P-value: 0.0343), and a reduction of 67% in incidence of vomiting (P-value: 0.0513). Figure 2 shows that administration of metopimazine mesylate effectively reduced the duration of nausea events by 59% wherein the maximum possible duration of an adverse event was 4 days following GLP-1 injection before completion of the Metopimazine Mesylate or placebo treatment. The average number of days with nausea was 0.8 when metopimazine mesylate was administered (N=45) compared to 1.7 days with placebo (N=45), a reduction in duration of nausea by 59% compared to placebo (P-value 0.0101). Figures 3 and 4 show that administration of metopimazine mesylate effectively reduced the participant-reported maximum severity of nausea and average severity of nausea, respectively, within four days following injection of semaglutide. Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 The average maximum nausea severity score was 1.8 when metopimazine mesylate was administered (N=45) compared to 3.2 with placebo (“Pbo”; N=45), a reduction of 30% compared to placebo (P-value 0.0225). The average nausea severity average score was 0.8 when metopimazine mesylate was administered (N=45) compared to 1.6 with placebo (“Pbo”; N=45), a reduction of 70% compared to placebo (P-value 0.0122). Figures 5 and 6 show that fewer participants rated their maximum severity of nausea or average severity of nausea, respectively, as moderate (rating of 1-3) or severe (rating of 4+) when metopimazine mesylate was administered (N=45) compared to placebo (N=45), where maximum severity was the highest score recorded per participant on any day of event, and average severity was the average score recorded per participant for duration of event. Specifically, those reporting no nausea increased by 38% (p=0.0343) upon treatment with metopimazine mesylate, those reporting maximum nausea severity decreased by 30% (p=0.0225) upon treatment with metopimazine mesylate, and those reporting average nausea severity decreased by 70% (p=0.0122) upon treatment with metopimazine mesylate. The number of participants reporting no AE of nausea following the injection of semaglutide increased by 38% upon treatment with metopimazine mesylate compared to placebo (P-value: 0.343) Figure 7 shows that administration of metopimazine mesylate effectively reduced the total number of discrete vomiting episodes by more than 50% (p=0.0412). While preferred embodiments of the present application have been shown and described herein, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Numerous variations, changes, and substitutions will now occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the application. It should be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the application described herein may be employed in practicing the application. It is intended that the following claims define the scope of the application and that methods and structures within the scope of these claims and their equivalents be Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 Incorporation by Reference All references cited in this application, and their references, are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety where appropriate for teachings of additional or alternative details, features, and / or technical background.

Claims

Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 Claims 1. A method of reaching a maintenance dose of a GLP-1 agonist in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the maintenance dose is reached in less time than if the subject were administered the GLP-1 agonist without the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the GLP-1 agonist is for chronic weight management in the subject.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the GLP-1 agonist is for glycemic control in the subject.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein hemoglobin A1C levels are reduced.

5. A method of chronic weight management in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

6. A method of reducing body weight in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein body weight is reduced in a shorter time period as compared to administering the GLP-1 agonist without the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

8. A method of improving the efficacy of a GLP-1 agonist in a subject in need thereof comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the GLP-1 agonist is useful in chronic weight management.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the GLP-1 agonist is useful in reducing body weight.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein the GLP-1 agonist is useful in treating obesity.

12. A method of treating obesity in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

13. A method of lowering the risk of one or more major cardiovascular event in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the one or more major cardiovascular event comprises death, heart attack, or stroke.

15. A method of improving compliance of a subject utilizing a GLP-1 agonist for chronic weight management comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the improving compliance comprises improving the incidence by which the subject follows the dosing schedule provided on the label.

17. A method of improving persistence of a subject utilizing a GLP-1 agonist for chronic weight management comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist in combination with aAttorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the improving persistence comprises increasing the length of time by which the subject follows the dosing schedule provided on the label.

19. A method of reaching a maintenance dose of a GLP-1 agonist in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the maintenance dose is reached in less time than if the subject were administered the GLP-1 agonist without the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprising reducing one or more side effects of administration of the GLP-1 agonist.

20. A method of lowering the risk of one or more major cardiovascular event (e.g., death, heart attack, or stroke) in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist.

21. A method of treating obesity in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist.

22. A method of improving the efficacy of a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., in chronic weight management, reducing body weight, or treating obesity) in a subject in need thereof comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceuticalAttorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist.

23. A method of reducing body weight in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein body weight is reduced in a shorter time period as compared to administering the GLP-1 agonist without the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

25. A method of chronic weight management in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist.

26. A method of reaching a maintenance dose of a GLP-1 agonist (e.g., for chronic weight management or glycemic control) in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the maintenance dose is reached in less time than if the subject were administered the GLP-1 agonist without the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and wherein administration of the pharmaceutical compositionAttorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, alleviates one or more side effect(s) associated with the GLP-1 agonist.

27. A method of improving compliance (e.g., improving the incidence by which the subject follows the dosing schedule provided on the label) of a subject utilizing a GLP-1 agonist for chronic weight management comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist.

28. A method of improving persistence (e.g., increasing the length of time by which the subject follows the dosing schedule provided on the label) of a subject utilizing a GLP-1 agonist for chronic weight management comprising administering the GLP-1 agonist in combination with a pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with administration of the GLP-1 agonist.

29. The method of any one of claims 19-28, wherein the one or more side effects are GI side effects.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein the reducing the GI side effects comprise reducing the incidence of nausea.

31. The method of claim 29, wherein the reducing the GI side effects comprise reducing the duration of nausea.

32. The method of claim 29, wherein the reducing the GI side effects comprise reducing the duration of vomiting events.Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 33. The method of claim 29, wherein the reducing the GI side effects comprise reducing the frequency of vomiting events.

34. The method of claim 29, wherein the reducing the GI side effects comprise reducing the severity of nausea.

35. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the subject is suffering from type 2 diabetes.

36. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the GLP-1 agonist is administered for at least three months.

37. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the GLP-1 agonist is administered for at least six months.

38. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the GLP-1 agonist is administered for at least one year.

39. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the GLP-1 agonist and the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, are in different dosage vehicles.

40. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the GLP-1 agonist is administered orally.

41. The method of any one of claims 1-39, wherein the GLP-1 agonist is administered subcutaneously.

42. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the GLP-1 agonist comprises semaglutide.Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 43. The method of claim 42, wherein the semaglutide is administered one time per week.

44. The method of claim 42, wherein the starting dose of semaglutide is 0.25 mg.

45. The method of claim 42, wherein the starting dose of semaglutide is 0.5 mg.

46. The method of any one of claims 42-45, wherein the dose of semaglutide is increased at the fourth administration.

47. The method of any one of claims 42-45, wherein the dose of semaglutide is increased at the third administration.

48. The method of any one of claims 1-4, 19, 26, or 29-47, wherein the GLP-1 agonist comprises semaglutide and the maintenance dose is 1.7 mg or 2.4 mg.

49. The method of any one of claims 1-4, 19, 26, or 29-48, wherein the GLP-1 agonist comprises semaglutide and the maintenance dose is reached in less than 1 year.

50. The method of any one of claims 1-4, 19, 26, or 29-48, wherein the GLP-1 agonist comprises semaglutide and the maintenance dose is reached in less than 6 months.

51. The method of any one of claims 1-4, 19, 26, or 29-48, wherein the GLP-1 agonist comprises semaglutide and the maintenance dose is reached in less than 4 months.

52. The method of any one of claims 1-4, 19, 26, or 29-48, wherein the GLP-1 agonist comprises semaglutide and the maintenance dose is reached in less than 12 weeks.

53. The method of any one of claims 1-41, wherein the GLP-1 agonist comprises liraglutide.

54. The method of claim 53, wherein the liraglutide is administered one time per day.Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 55. The method of any one of claims 1-4, 19, 26, 29-41, or 53-54, wherein the GLP-1 agonist comprises liraglutide and the maintenance dose is 3 mg.

56. The method of any one of claims 1-4, 19, 26, 29-41, or 53-55, wherein the GLP-1 agonist comprises liraglutide and the maintenance dose is reached in less than 3 weeks.

57. The method of any one of claims 1-41, wherein the GLP-1 agonist comprises tirzepatide.

58. The method of claim 57, wherein the tirzepatide is administered one time per week.

59. The method of any one of claims 1-4, 19, 26, 29-41, or 57-58, wherein the GLP-1 agonist comprises tirzepatide and the maintenance dose is 5 mg, 10 mg, or 15 mg.

60. The method of any one of claims 1-4, 19, 26, 29-41, or 57-59, wherein the GLP-1 agonist comprises tirzepatide and the maintenance dose is reached in less than 8 weeks.

61. The method of any one of claims 1-41, wherein the GLP-1 agonist comprises pemvidutide, AZD5004, survodutide, GZR18, GMA106, GSBR-1290, HS-20094, HRS7535, HRS9531, noiiglutide (SHR-20004), tirzepatide, LY3457263 + tirzepatide, orforglipron, retatrutide, mazdutide, DA-1726, cagrilintide / semaglutide, NNC0487-0111, semaglutide, CT-388, RGT-075, ecnoglutide (XW003), XW003 + XW017, utreglutide (GL0034), TERN-601, VK2735, dapiglutide, ZP6590, maridebart cafraglutide (AMG133), BGM0504, HDM1002, ID110521156, MDR-001, danuglipron, RT-114 (PG- 102), CT-868, CT-996, XW014, XW004, UBT251, BA5101, DD02S, GZR18, HEC88473, HR17031, LY3493269, NNC0113-6856, insulin icodec / semaglutide (IcoSema), liraglutide, PB-119, QLG2065, RGT-028, RGT-274, SCO-094, supaglutide, NPM-119, VCT220, AZD9550, DD01, DR10624, cilofexor / firsocostat / semglutide, firsocostat / semglutide, efinopegdutide (MK-6024), NNC01940499 + semaglutide, PB- 718, Rejuva, ZT002, Lotiglipron, amycretin, utreglutide (GL0034),Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 supaglutide / metformin, retatrutide (LY3437943), survodutide (BI 456906), AMG 133, HRS-9531, HRS-7535, DD-01, GMA-106, K-757, K-833, PF-522, ECC5004, and / or dapiglutide (ZP7570).

62. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

63. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered orally, intraduodenally, intracolonically, enterally, topically, intranasally, non-orally, buccally, sublingually, by inhalation, or rectally.

64. The method of claim 63, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered orally.

65. The method of claim 63, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered sublingually.

66. The method of any one of claims 1-62, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is formulated as a tablet, a capsule, a paste, a powder, a suspension, a suppository, an extended-release formulation, or a modified-release formulation.

67. The method of claim 66, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated as an extended release formulation.

68. The method of claim 66, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated as a capsule.Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 69. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprises 5 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

70. The method of any one of claims 1-68, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprises 10 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

71. The method of any one of claims 1-68, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprises 20 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

72. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered one time per day.

73. The method of any one of claims 1-71, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered two times per day.

74. The method of any one of claims 1-71, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered three times per day.

75. The method of any one of claims 1-71, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered four times per day.

76. The method of any one of claims 1-75, wherein between about 5 mg and about 160 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered per day.Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 77. The method of any one of claims 1-75, wherein more than 20 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered per day.

78. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered to the subject for at least 6 days.

79. The method of claim 78, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered to the subject for at least 7 days.

80. The method of claim 78, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered to the subject for at least four weeks.

81. The method of claim 78, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered to the subject for at least 12 weeks.

82. The method of any one of claims 1-77, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered to the subject for the full length of time the GLP-1 agonist is administered to the subject.

83. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is metopimazine mesylate,.Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 84. The method of claim 83, wherein the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is a crystalline form of metopimazine mesylate.

85. The method of claim 84, wherein the crystalline form of metopimazine mesylate comprises less than 10 wt. % of amorphous forms.

86. The method of claim 84 or 85, wherein the crystalline form is in non-solvate form.

87. The method of claim 86, wherein the crystalline form comprises less than 10 wt. % of solvate forms.

88. A kit comprising: a) one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and b) instructions for the administration of the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in combination with a GLP-1 agonist.

89. A kit comprising: a) one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; b) one or more unit dose(s) of a GLP-1 agonist or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist; and c) instructions for the administration of the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or aAttorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in combination with the one or more unit dose(s) of the GLP-1 agonist or the one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising the GLP-1 agonist.

90. A kit comprising: a) one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; b) an injectable device comprising one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition suitable for subcutaneous administration comprising a GLP-1 agonist; and c) instructions for the administration of the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in combination with the one or more unit dose(s) of the GLP-1 agonist or the one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising the GLP-1 agonist.

91. The kit of any one of claims 88-90, wherein the GLP-1 agonist is administered for chronic weight management, glycemic control (e.g., reducing A1C levels), reducing body weight, treating obesity, and / or lowering the risk of one or more major cardiovascular event (e.g., death, heart attack, or stroke) in a subject in need thereof.

92. The kit of any one of claims 88-91, wherein the instructions comprise a schedule for reaching a maintenance dose of the GLP-1 agonist.

93. The kit of claim 92, wherein the maintenance dose is reached in less time than if the subject were administered the GLP-1 agonist without the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 94. The kit of any one of claims 88-93, wherein the instructions describe administering the GLP-1 agonist for at least three months.

95. The kit of any one of claims 88-93, wherein the instructions describe administering the GLP-1 agonist for at least six months.

96. The kit of any one of claims 88-93, wherein the instructions describe administering the GLP-1 agonist for at least one year.

97. The kit of any one of claims 88-96, wherein the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the one or more unit dose(s) of a GLP-1 agonist or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist, are in different dosage vehicles.

98. The kit of any one of claims 88-97, wherein the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, are formulated as a tablet, a capsule, a paste, a powder, a suspension, a suppository, an immediate-release formulation, an extended- release formulation, or a modified-release formulation.

99. The kit of claim 98, wherein the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, are formulated as an extended-release formulation.Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 100. The kit of claim 98, wherein the one or more unit dose(s) of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, are formulated as a capsule.

101. The kit of any one of claims 88-100, wherein each unit dose of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or each unit dose of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprises 5 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

102. The kit of any one of claims 88-100, wherein each unit dose of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or each unit dose of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprises 10 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

103. The kit of any one of claims 88-100, wherein each unit dose of metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or each unit dose of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprises 20 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

104. The kit of any one of claims 88-103, wherein the instructions provide for administering the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, one time per day.

105. The kit of any one of claims 88-103, wherein the instructions provide for administering the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceuticallyAttorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, two times per day.

106. The kit of any one of claims 88-103, wherein the instructions provide for administering the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, three times per day.

107. The kit of any one of claims 88-103, wherein the instructions provide for administering the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, four times per day.

108. The kit of any one of claims 88-107, wherein the instructions provide for administering between about 5 mg and about 160 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, per day.

109. The kit of any one of claims 88-107, wherein the instructions provide for administering more than 20 mg of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, per day.

110. The kit of any one of claims 88-109, wherein the instructions provide for administering the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for at least 6 days.

111. The kit of any one of claims 88-109, wherein the instructions provide for administering the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceuticallyAttorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for at least 7 days.

112. The kit of any one of claims 88-109, wherein the instructions provide for administering the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for at least four weeks.

113. The kit of any one of claims 88-109, wherein the instructions provide for administering the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for at least 12 weeks.

114. The kit of any one of claims 88-109, wherein the instructions provide for administering the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the full length of time the GLP-1 agonist is administered to the subject.

115. The kit of any one of claims 88-114, wherein the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is metopimazine mesylate.

116. The kit of claim 115, wherein the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is a crystalline form of metopimazine mesylate.

117. The kit of claim 116, wherein the crystalline form of metopimazine mesylate comprises less than 10 wt. % of amorphous forms.

118. The kit of claim 116 or 117, wherein the crystalline form is in non-solvate form.Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 119. The kit of claim 118, wherein the crystalline form comprises less than 10 wt. % of solvate forms.

120. The kit of any one of claims 89 or 91-119, wherein the one or more unit dose(s) of a GLP-1 agonist or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist, are for oral administration.

121. The kit of any one of claims 89-19, wherein the one or more unit dose(s) of a GLP-1 agonist or one or more unit dose(s) of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist, are for subcutaneous administration.

122. The kit of any one of claims 88-121, wherein the GLP-1 agonist comprises semaglutide.

123. The kit of claim 122, wherein the instructions provide for administering the semaglutide one time per week.

124. The kit of claim 122 or 123, wherein the instructions provide for a starting dose of semaglutide of 0.25 mg.

125. The kit of claim 122 pr 123, wherein the instructions provide for a starting dose of semaglutide of 0.5 mg.

126. The kit of any one of claims 122-125, wherein the instructions provide for increasing the dose of semaglutide at the fourth administration.

127. The kit of any one of claims 122-125, wherein the instructions provide for increasing the dose of semaglutide at the third administration.

128. The kit of any one of claims 122-127, wherein the instructions provide for increasing the dose of semaglutide until a maintenance dose of 1.7 mg or 2.4 mg is reached.Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 129. The kit of claim 128, wherein the maintenance dose is reached in less than 1 year.

130. The kit of claim 128, wherein the maintenance dose is reached in less than 6 months.

131. The kit of claim 128, wherein the maintenance dose is reached in less than 4 months.

132. The kit of claim 128, wherein the maintenance dose is reached in less than 12 weeks.

133. The kit of any one of claims 88-121, wherein the GLP-1 agonist comprises liraglutide.

134. The kit of claim 133, wherein the instructions provide for administering the liraglutide one time per day.

135. The kit of claim 133 or 134, wherein the instructions provide for increasing the dose of liraglutide until a maintenance dose of 3 mg is reached.

136. The kit of claim 135, wherein the maintenance dose is reached in less than 3 weeks.

137. The kit of any one of claims 88-121, wherein the GLP-1 agonist comprises tirzepatide.

138. The kit of claim 138, wherein the instructions provide for administering the tirzepatide one time per week.

139. The kit of claim 137 or 138, wherein the instructions provide for increasing the dose of tirzepatide until a maintenance dose of 5 mg, 10 mg, or 15 mg is reached.

140. The kit of claim 139, wherein the maintenance dose is reached in less than 8 weeks.Attorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 141. The kit of any one of claims 88-121, wherein the GLP-1 agonist comprises pemvidutide, AZD5004, survodutide, GZR18, GMA106, GSBR-1290, HS-20094, HRS7535, HRS9531, noiiglutide (SHR-20004), tirzepatide, LY3457263 + tirzepatide, orforglipron, retatrutide, mazdutide, DA-1726, cagrilintide / semaglutide, NNC0487-0111, semaglutide, CT-388, RGT-075, ecnoglutide (XW003), XW003 + XW017, utreglutide (GL0034), TERN-601, VK2735, dapiglutide, ZP6590, maridebart cafraglutide (AMG133), BGM0504, HDM1002, ID110521156, MDR-001, danuglipron, RT-114 (PG-102), CT- 868, CT-996, XW014, XW004, UBT251, BA5101, DD02S, GZR18, HEC88473, HR17031, LY3493269, NNC0113-6856, insulin icodec / semaglutide (IcoSema), liraglutide, PB-119, QLG2065, RGT-028, RGT-274, SCO-094, supaglutide, NPM-119, VCT220, AZD9550, DD01, DR10624, cilofexor / firsocostat / semglutide, firsocostat / semglutide, efinopegdutide (MK-6024), NNC01940499 + semaglutide, PB- 718, Rejuva, ZT002, Lotiglipron, amycretin, utreglutide (GL0034), supaglutide / metformin, retatrutide (LY3437943), survodutide (BI 456906), AMG 133, HRS-9531, HRS-7535, DD-01, GMA-106, K-757, K-833, PF-522, ECC5004, and / or dapiglutide (ZP7570).

142. A medicament comprising: (a) metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and (b) a glp-1 agonist, or a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising the GLP-1 agonist; wherein use of the metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, reduces one or more side effect(s) associated with use of the GLP-1 agonist.

143. A method of chronic weight management, glycemic control, reducing body weight, treating obesity, and / or lowering the risk of one or more major cardiovascular event in aAttorney Docket No.1861949-0002-018-WO1 subject in need thereof comprising administering an initial dose of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist and an initial dose of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the initial dose of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising metopimazine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is an amount effective to reduce a side effect associated with the initial dose of the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist; and administering to the patient an increased dose of the pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist.

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