Breath analyser

Abstract

A breath analyser comprising a breath tube and a sensor is disclosed. The breath tube is configured to receive a breath sample from a user and inhibit the portion of the breath sample adjacent to the sensor from migrating away from the sensor while the breath sample is being tested.

Description

BREATH ANALYSERCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] The present application claims the benefit of priority to United States Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 63 / 711,510, filed October 24, 2024, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.BACKGROUND

[0002] Bad smelling breath, or halitosis, can be caused by many things. Among other things, bad smelling breath can be caused by the production of compounds from oral bacteria, such as hydrogen sulfide, for example. Previous breath analysers have been used to detect bad smelling breath; however, such previous breath analysers often inaccurately detect the presence of one or more of these compounds in the user’s breath resulting in inaccurate results being provided to the user.SUMMARY

[0003] In one aspect, the invention can be a breath analyser comprising a housing, a mouthpiece comprising an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample, and a breath tube in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the breath tube comprises a first leg comprising a first internal passage in communication with the inlet opening, a bottom portion comprising a bottom passage in communication with the first internal passage, wherein the bottom passage comprises a test chamber configured to receive a portion of the breath sample, and a second leg comprising a second internal passage in communication with the bottom passage and an outlet opening. The breath analyser further comprises a control system comprising a sensor in the test chamber configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber.

[0004] In one aspect, the invention can be a breath analyser comprising a housing, an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample, a breath tube in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the breath tube comprises a test chamber configured to receive a portion of the breath sample, wherein the test chamber comprises a chamber opening defined by a chamber wall, a control system comprising a printed circuit board and a sensor, wherein the printed circuit board comprises a first face and a second face, wherein the sensor is mounted tothe second face, wherein the chamber opening faces the second face, wherein the sensor is positioned in the test chamber and is configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber, and a seal positioned intermediate and compressed between the chamber wall and the second face of the printed circuit board.

[0005] In one aspect, the invention can be a breath analyser comprising a housing, an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample, a breath tube in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the breath tube comprises a test chamber configured to receive a portion of the breath sample, and a control system comprising a printed circuit board, a processor, and a sensor, wherein the printed circuit board comprises a first face and a second face, wherein the processor is mounted to the first face, wherein the sensor is mounted to the second face, and wherein the sensor is positioned in the test chamber and is configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber.

[0006] In one aspect, the invention can be a breath analyser system comprising a housing, an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample, a test chamber in communication with the inlet opening configured to receive a portion of the breath sample, and a control system, comprising a processor, a sensor positioned in the test chamber, and a wireless communication chipset, wherein the control system is configured to emit at least one wireless signal to a device regarding at least one datum obtained from the sensor.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] The features of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the following drawings in which:

[0008] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a breath analyser;

[0009] FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of the breath analyser of FIG. 1 ;

[0010] FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the breath analyser of FIG. 1 ;

[0011] FIG. 4 is another exploded view of the breath analyser of FIG. 1 ;

[0012] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a sub-assembly of the breath analyser of FIG. 1 comprising a circuit board, a breath tube, and a fan assembly;

[0013] FIG. 6 is another perspective view of the sub-assembly of FIG. 5;

[0014] FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the sub-assembly of FIG. 5;

[0015] FIG. 8 is another exploded view of the sub-assembly of FIG. 5;

[0016] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the sub-assembly of FIG. 5;

[0017] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the circuit board of FIG. 5;

[0018] FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the circuit board of FIG. 5;

[0019] FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a housing of the fan assembly of FIG. 5;

[0020] FIG. 13 is another perspective view of the housing of FIG. 12;

[0021] FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the breath tube of FIG. 5;

[0022] FIG. 15 is another perspective view of the breath tube of FIG. 5;

[0023] FIG. 16 is an exploded view of the breath tube of FIG. 5;

[0024] FIG. 17 is another exploded view of the breath tube of FIG. 5;

[0025] FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a first component of the breath tube of FIG. 5;

[0026] FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a second component of the breath tube of FIG. 5;

[0027] FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a third component of the breath tube of FIG. 5; and

[0028] FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a fourth component of the breath tube of FIG. 5.

[0029] Parts given a reference numerical designation in one figure may be considered to be the same parts where they appear in other figures without a numerical designation unless specifically labelled with a different part number and described herein.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The features and benefits of the present invention are illustrated and described herein by reference to exemplary embodiments. This description of exemplary embodiments is intended to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings, which are to be considered part of the entire written description. Such exemplary embodiments are not limiting of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of embodiments provided herein, any reference to direction or orientation is merely intended for convenience of description and is not intended in any way to limit the scope of the present invention. Relative terms such as "lower," "upper," “horizontal,” “vertical,”, “above,” “below,” “up,” “down,” “top” and “bottom” as well as derivative thereof (e.g., “horizontally,” “downwardly,” “upwardly,” etc.) should be construed to refer to the orientation as then described or as shown in the drawing under discussion. These relative terms arc for convenience of description only and do not require that the apparatus be constructed or operated in a particular orientation. Terms such as “attached,” “affixed,” “connected,” “coupled,” “interconnected,” and similar terms refer to a relationship wherein structures are secured or attached to one another either directly or indirectly through intervening structures,as well as both movable or rigid attachments or relationships, unless expressly described otherwise.

[0032] As used throughout, any ranges disclosed herein are used as shorthand for describing each and every value that is within the range. Any value within the range can be selected as the terminus of the range.

[0033] A breath analyser 100 is illustrated in FIGS. 1-21. Referring primarily to FIGS. 1 and 2, the breath analyser 100 comprises a housing 200 and a cap, or cover, 300 removably attached to the housing 200. The housing 200 is generally sized and configured to be held in a user’s hand. The housing 200 comprises a first housing half 210a and a second housing half 210b that have one or more snap-fit and / or press-fit features that hold the first and second housing halves 210a, 210b together. In various embodiments, one or more adhesives can be used to secure the first and second housing halves 210a, 210b together. The cap 300 comprises a cavity defined therein that is configured to closely receive an end of the housing 200 therein. The housing 200 and / or the cap 300 comprise one or more snap-fit and / or press-fit features which releasably hold the cap 300 to the housing 200. When a user wishes to use the breath analyser 100, the user can remove the cap 300 from the housing 200 to expose a mouthpiece 400, which is discussed further below.

[0034] Further to the above, referring primarily to FIGS. 3 and 4, the breath analyser 100 further comprises a control system 700 including a printed circuit board 710 having a processor 720 mounted thereon. The printed circuit board 710 further comprises one or more other electronic components mounted thereon, such as a state switch 830 and / or one or more memory devices, for example, that are in communication with the processor 720. The control system 700 further comprises a battery 750 that is configured to supply electrical power to the printed circuit board 710. When the control system 700 is in a powered down state, in various embodiments, the processor 720 is completely idle and does not receive power. In other embodiments, the processor 720 is in a sleep state and one or more portions of the processor 720 remain powered on when the control system 700 is in its powered down state. When the control system 700 is switched into its powered-up state, the processor 720 receives power from the battery 750 and is capable of analysing a breath sample, as discussed further below.

[0035] Further to the above, the battery 750 comprises a rechargeable battery, such as a nickel-metal hydride battery, for example. In various embodiments, the control system 700 furthercomprises an electrical connector 730, such as a universal serial bus (USB) port, for example, that can be used to supply power to the control system 700 and / or re-charge the battery 750.

[0036] As discussed above, the control system 700 comprises a state switch 830 mounted to the printed circuit board 710 that is in communication with the processor 720. In various embodiments, the state switch 830 is in communication with an input gate of the processor 720 and comprises a momentary switch that is in a normally open condition, enters into a closed condition when depressed, and returns to an open condition when released. In at least one embodiment, the state switch 830 and / or the circuit between the state switch 830 and the input gate of the processor 720 comprises a debounce circuit, for example. As a result of the above, the state switch 830 provides a trigger signal to the processor 720 that switches the control system 700 from its powered-down state into its powered-up state. Correspondingly, the state switch 830 can provide a signal to the processor 720 that switches the control system 700 from its powered-up state into its powered-down state.

[0037] Further to the above, the breath analyser 100 further comprises a button assembly 800 that is actuatable by the user to actuate the state switch 830 and switch the control system 700 between its powered-down and powered-up states. The button assembly 800 comprises a flexible button frame 810 that is positioned within an aperture 220 defined in the first housing 210a. The button frame 810 is positioned against a first side 711 of the printed circuit board 700 and is positioned over the state switch 830 such that, when the user pushes downwardly on the button frame 810, the button frame 810 contacts the state switch 830 and actuates the state switch 830. The button assembly 800 further comprises a retaining ring 820 that retains the button frame 810 in the housing 200.

[0038] Further to the above, referring primarily to FIGS. 3 and 4, the mouthpiece 400 comprises a housing 410 configured to be at least partially received within the user’s mouth and an aperture 420 extending through the housing 410. Referring primarily to FIGS. 5 and 6, the breath analyser 100 further comprises a breath tube 600 having an inlet 620 that is in fluid communication with the aperture 420 of the mouthpiece 400. The housing 410 further comprises a support cavity 430 defined therein and the breath tube 600 further comprises a mouthpiece support 630 that is closely received within the support cavity 430 such that the mouthpiece 400 is secured to the breath tube 600. In various embodiments, the mouthpiece 400 is comprised of a flexible material, such as rubber and / or silicone, for example, that can flexibly receive the mouthpiece support 630 therein and seal the mouthpiece 400 to the breathtube 600. The mouthpiece 400 comprises one or more lips, or shoulders, for example, that are engaged with the mouthpiece support 630 such that the mouthpiece 400 is retained to the mouthpiece support 630. Owing to the flexible material of the mouthpiece 400, the lips of the mouthpiece 400 can flex laterally outwardly as the mouthpiece 400 is assembled to the mouthpiece support 630 and then resiliently contract around the back side of the mouthpiece support 630 once the mouthpiece 400 is fully seated on the mouthpiece support 630. Such a flexible material can also permit the mouthpiece 400 to be detached from the breath tube 600 to be cleaned, for instance. Such a flexible material could also be comfortable in the user’s mouth. The above being said, the mouthpiece 400 can be comprised of any suitable material and can be attached to the breath tube 600 in any suitable manner, such as with one or more fasteners, for example. Once the user has pressed the button assembly 800 to turn on the control system 700 and removed the cap 300 to expose the mouthpiece 400, the user can blow into the mouthpiece 400 to provide the breath analyser with an analysable breath sample, as discussed below.

[0039] Referring to FIGS. 5, 6, and 14-21, the breath tube 600 is comprised of an assembly of partial tube components 610a, 610b, 610c, and 610d that define an internal passage 605. The first partial tube component 610a is assembled to the second partial tube component 610b to form a first tube 612. In various embodiments, the side walls of the first partial tube component 610a are sealed in an air-tight manner to the side walls of the second partial tube component 610b. In at least one embodiment, the side walls of the first and second partial tube components 610a, 610b are sealed together by one or more adhesives. The third partial tube component 610c is assembled to the fourth partial tube component 610d to form a second tube 613. In various embodiments, the side walls of the third partial tube component 610c are sealed in an air-tight manner to the side walls of the fourth partial tube component 610d. In at least one embodiment, the side walls of the third and fourth partial tube components 610c, 610d are sealed together by one or more adhesives. Moreover, the first tube 612 and the second tube 613 are interconnected at a perimeter interface 665. In various embodiments, a portion of the second tube 613 slides within a fitting defined in the first tube 612 at the perimeter interface 665 such that a compression fit, scaled interface is present between the first tube 612 and the second tube 613 at the perimeter interface 665. In at least one embodiment, the perimeter interface 665 between the first tube 612 and the second tube 613 is sealed by one or more adhesives. As a result of the above, a breath sample can flow into the internal passage 605 ofthe breath tube 600 from the mouthpiece 400 and into a sensor chamber 655, as described below, without leaking, or at least substantially leaking, from the internal passage 605 through the connections and seams between the component portions 610aa, 610b, 610c, and 610d of the breath tube 600.

[0040] Further to the above, the partial tube components 610a, 610b, 610c, and 610d of the breath tube 600 can be manufactured using any suitable manufacturing process. In various embodiments, the partial tube components 610a, 610b, 610c, and 610d are made via one or more injection molding processes, for example.

[0041] Further to the above, the breath tube 600 comprises a substantially U-shaped configuration. The breath tube 600 comprises a first leg 640 extending downwardly from the mouthpiece support 630 to a sensor housing 650 that defines the sensor chamber 655. When the user blows into the mouthpiece 400, further to the above, a breath sample flows through the inlet 620, through the internal passage 605 defined in the first leg 640, and into the sensor chamber 655 defined in the sensor housing 650. As discussed in greater detail below, the breath sample in the sensor chamber 655 can be analysed by a sensor 740 mounted to the circuit board 710. Referring primarily to FIGS. 10 and 11, the sensor 740 is mounted to a second side 712 of the printed circuit board 710 and the sensor housing 650 comprises a sealing surface 652 that is sealed to the second side 712 of the printed circuit board 710 around the sensor 740 such that the sensor 740 is enclosed within the sensor chamber 655. Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, an o-ring seal 790 is positioned intermediate, and compressed between, the sealing surface 652 and the second side 712 of the printed circuit board 710. The breath tube 600 comprises mounts 61 la, 61 lb, and 611c that have mounting apertures defined therein wherein fasteners, such as screws, for example, extend through the mounting apertures and engage the printed circuit board 710 to secure the breath tube 600 to the printed circuit board 710. The fasteners are tightened to sufficiently compress the sealing surface 652 of the breath tube 600 against the second side 712 of the printed circuit board 710 via the o-ring 790. The printed circuit board 710 is sufficiently rigid such that an air-tight interface is created between the second side 712 of the printed circuit board 710 and the o-ring 790 and between the o-ring 790 and the sealing surface 652. The o-ring 790 is comprised of any suitable material, such as rubber and / or silicone, for example, that can sufficiently compress and create the air-tight interfaces against the second side 712 of the printed circuit board 710 and the sealing surface 652 of the breath tube 600.

[0042] As discussed above, the breath analyser 100 comprises a printed circuit board 710. In various embodiments, the printed circuit board 710 comprises one or more structural substrate layers and one or more layers comprising conductive traces, such as copper traces, for example. In at least one embodiment, the printed circuit board 710 comprises a non-conductive structural layer and conductive traces screen printed on the structural layer. In at least one embodiment, a non-conductive structural layer of the printed circuit board 710 is comprised of FR-4 grade flame-resistant material, for example. In at least one embodiment, a structural layer of the printed circuit board 710 is comprised of fiberglass, for example, which makes the printed circuit board 710 sufficiently rigid to permit the o-ring 790 to be compressed between the printed circuit board 710 and the sealing surface 652 of the breath tube 600, as described above. In at least one embodiment, a structural layer of the printed circuit board 710 is comprised of an epoxy glass fiber cloth substrate, for example, which is also sufficiently rigid to compress the o-ring 790 between the printed circuit board 710 and the sealing surface 652 of the breath tube 600.

[0043] The printed circuit board 710 comprises surface mount components, such as the processor 720, the sensor 740, and / or the state switch 830, for example, that are soldered to and / or otherwise electrically coupled to the conductive traces. In at least one such embodiment, the surface mount components are reflow soldered to the electrical traces to create electrically conductive joints between the electrical contacts of the surface mount components and the conductive traces of the printed circuit board 710. In various embodiments, one or more of the electrical components of the printed circuit board 710 comprise electrically-conductive pins that extend through holes defined in the printed circuit board 710 that are soldered to electrical traces extending around and / or within the holes. In at least one embodiment, such electrical components are wave soldered to the conductive traces of the printed circuit board 710 to create electrically conductive joints between the electrically conductive pins of the through-hole components and the conductive traces of the printed circuit board 710. Further to the above, various regions of the second side 712 of the printed circuit board 710 do not comprise electrical traces, through holes, and / or electrical components. At least one such region comprises an annular region that circumscribes the sensor 740 which is contacted by the o-ring 790 to create a seal between the printed circuit board 710 and the breath tube 600 and sealingly enclose the sensor 740 in the sensor chamber 655, as described above. This annular region also thermally isolates, or at least partially isolates, the sensor 740 from heat generated by othercomponents on the printed circuit board 710. In various instances, this annular region comprises cut-outs, slots, and / or channels in the printed circuit board 710, for example, that can assist in restricting the flow of heat to the sensor 740.

[0044] In various embodiments, further to the above, the breath analyser 100 can comprise more than one sensor to evaluate a breath sample. In at least one embodiment, the printed circuit board 710 comprises two or more sensors 740 mounted thereto that are in communication with the control system 700. In at least one such embodiment, two sensors 740, for example, are positioned in the sensor chamber 655. In such embodiments, the o-ring 790 and the annular region of the printed circuit board 710, discussed above, surround all of the sensors 740 in the sensor chamber 655. In certain embodiments, the breath tube 660 comprises two or more sensor chambers 655, each having one or more sensors 740 positioned therein. In at least one such embodiment, the sensor chambers 655 are arranged such that they are fluidically coupled in series with one another. In other embodiments, the sensor chambers 655 are fluidically coupled in parallel to one another. In either case, each sensor chamber 655 can be sealed against the printed circuit board 710 by a separate o-ring 790 and can be aligned with an annular region on the printed circuit board 710.

[0045] Notably, referring primarily to FIGS. 5, 6, 10, and 11, the processor 720 is mounted to the first side 711 of the printed circuit board 710 and the sensor 740 is mounted to the second, or opposite, side 712 of the printed circuit board 710. During use, the processor 720 produces heat and, with the sensor 740 and the sensor chamber 655 positioned on the opposite side of the printed circuit board 710, the sensor 740 is at least partially shielded from the heat produced by the processor 720. As such, the readings taken by the control system 700 via the sensor 740 may not be affected by the heat produced by the processor 720. In various embodiments, the first housing half 210a has at least one heat sink contained therein and / or positioned thereon which draws the heat generated by the processor 720 away from the second side 712 of the printed circuit board 710 and away from the sensor 740 and the sensor chamber 655. In at least one embodiment, the first housing half 210a is comprised of plastic and the heat sink comprises a copper fin, for example, embedded in the first housing half 210a.

[0046] In various other embodiments, further to the above, the processor 720 could be on the same side of the printed circuit board 710 as the sensor 740; however, shielding the sensor 740 from the heat created by the processor 720 and / or directing the heat away from the sensor 740 should be considered.

[0047] In various instances, the printed circuit board 710 has a constant, or an at least substantially constant, thickness between the first side 711 and the second side 712. In at least one embodiment, the printed circuit board 710 is 3 mm thick, for example. In various embodiments, the printed circuit board 710 is 5 mm thick, for example. In various embodiments, the first side 711 of the printed circuit board 710 extends parallel to, or at least substantially parallel to, the second side 712. Although the printed circuit board 710 comprises a single board, further to the above, the breath analyser 100 can have more than one printed circuit board. In at least one such embodiment, the breath analyser 100 comprises a first printed circuit board and a second printed circuit board in communication with the first printed circuit board. Moreover, in various embodiments, the breath analyser 100 can have a flexible printed circuit board in addition to or in lieu of the printed circuit board 710. In at least one such embodiment, the flexible printed circuit board is comprised of polyimide, for example.

[0048] Further to the above, referring primarily to FIG. 9, the breath tube 600 further comprises a cross tube segment 660 in fluid communication with the sensor chamber 655, an elbow segment 670 in fluid communication with the cross tube segment 660, and a second leg 680 in fluid communication with the elbow segment 670. The breath tube 600 further comprises an outlet aperture 690 in fluid communication with the second leg 680. The internal passage 605 of the breath tube 600, further to the above, extends from the inlet aperture 620 to the sensor chamber 655 and from the sensor chamber 655 to the outlet aperture 690. Thus, when a user blows a breath sample into the mouthpiece 400, further to the above, the breath sample flows through the internal passage 605 defined in the first leg 640 into the sensor chamber 655 and then into the internal passage 605 defined in the cross tube segment 660, the elbow segment 670, and the second leg 680. The first leg 640 and the second leg 680 are parallel, or at least substantially parallel, to one another and the cross tube segment 660 extends transversely to the first leg 640 and the second leg 680. In various instances, the first leg 640 and the second leg 680 are substantially parallel to one another when they are within + / - 10 degrees of being parallel to one another, for example. In various other embodiments, the first leg 640 and the second leg 680 are not parallel, or substantially parallel, to one another. In at least one such embodiment, the breath tube 600 is V-shaped, or substantially V-shaped, for example.

[0049] In various embodiments, further to the above, the breath tube 660 can comprise any suitable configuration. In addition to or in lieu of the U-shaped and / or V-shaped configurations disclosed herein, the breath tube 660 can comprise a circular, helical, and / or serpentineconfiguration, for example. In various instances, the configuration of the breath tube 660 does not have any sharp bends and / or corners such that air flows smoothly there through, such as when the breath sample is purged from the breath tube 660, for example, as described further below.

[0050] In many instances, the breath analyser 100 will be held in a generally upright position in which the inlet aperture 620 and the outlet aperture 690 of the breath tube 600 are positioned vertically above the sensor chamber 655 and the cross tube segment 660, for example. In such instances, the breath sample provided by the user will flow downwardly through the first leg 640 into the sensor chamber 655. It is expected that a portion of the breath sample will not enter into the sensor chamber 655 and will remain in the first leg 640. It is also expected that a portion of the breath sample will flow out of the sensor chamber 655 and laterally through the cross tube segment 660 and upwardly into the second leg 680. Depending on how hard the user blows into the mouthpiece 400, a portion of the breath sample may also exit the outlet aperture 690. That being said, a sufficient quantity of the breath sample will be present in the sensor chamber 655 to be tested. When the breath analyser 100 is held in its generally upright position, the sensor chamber 655 and the cross tube segment 660 are at the gravitational bottom of the breath tube 600. In such instances, as a result, the breath sample in the sensor chamber 655 tends to stay in the sensor chamber 655.

[0051] As discussed above, the user of the breath analyser 100 switches the control system 700 of the breath analyser 100 into its powered on state by pressing the button 810 which toggles the state switch 830 on the printed circuit board 700 and activates the processor 720. In the powered on state of the control system 700, the control system 700 evaluates the resistance of the sensor 740. The sensor 740 comprises a metal oxide sensor, for example, but could comprise any suitable sensor. In the present embodiment, the sensor 740 is a tin oxide sensor, but could be any suitable metal oxide sensor, such as a copper oxide and / or a zinc oxide sensor, for example. In various embodiments, the sensor 740 can be a p-type and / or an n-type metal oxide sensor. The resistance of the sensor 740 is responsive to the oxygen molecules, i.e., diatomic oxygen molecules, that come into contact with the sensor 740. The resistance of the sensor 740 is also responsive to volatile organic molecules and volatile sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, for example, that can be in a breath sample and come into contact with the sensor 740. When exposed to air, the resistance of the sensor 740 provides a baseline reading to the processor 720. When a breath sample is introduced into the sensor chamber 655,however, the breath sample interferes with, and / or otherwise reduces, the exposure of the sensor 740 to oxygen molecules. In such instances, as a result, the resistance of the sensor 740 drops, or dips, which is detectable by the processor 720, as discussed below.

[0052] As discussed above, the resistance of the sensor 740 is a function of the oxygen molecules, volatile organic compounds, and / or volatile sulfur compounds that come into contact with the sensor 740. In various instances, the resistance of the sensor 740 is linearly responsive to the number of oxygen molecules, volatile organic compounds, and / or volatile sulfur compounds that come into contact with the sensor 740. In other instances, the resistance of the sensor 740 may respond non-linearly to the number of oxygen molecules, volatile organic compounds, and / or volatile sulfur compounds that come into contact with the sensor 740. In either event, the control system 700 is configured to correlate the resistance of the sensor 740 with the quality of the breath sample, i.e., whether the breath sample is considered to be good or bad, for example. In various instances, the control system 700 is configured to begin its analysis of the breath sample, or test, when the control system 700 detects a sufficient drop in the resistance of the sensor 740. In at least one such instance, a drop in the sensor 740 resistance is sufficient to begin the test when the resistance of the sensor 740 drops below a predetermined threshold. At such point, the resistance of the sensor 740 is sampled and recorded by the processor 720 and / or by the processor 720 and one or more memory devices in communication with the processor 720 for a predetermined period of time. In various instances, the predetermined period of time is 30 seconds, for example. After the period of time has occurred, the recorded resistance data from the sensor 740 is then averaged over the period of time and / or otherwise evaluated according to an algorithm implemented by the control system 700. The computed value is then compared to one or more predetermined thresholds, or values, to assess whether the computed value is representative of good breath quality or bad breath quality. For instance, if the control system 700 computes an average resistance value of the sensor 740 during the test that is correlated to the presence of hydrogen sulfide in the breath sample below a concentration of 50 parts per billion (ppb), then the control system 700 is configured to conclude that the breath sample constitutes good breath quality. On the other hand, the control system 700 is configured to conclude that the breath sample constitutes bad breath quality if the average resistance reading of the sensor 740 during the test correlates to the presence of hydrogen sulfide in the breath sample at a concentration of above 120 ppb. In this example, the control system 700 concludes that the breath sample is ofintermediate breath quality if the average resistance reading of the sensor 740 during the test correlates to presence of hydrogen sulfide in the breath sample at a concentration between 50 ppb and 120 ppb. Such thresholds are by way of example only. Any suitable thresholds could be used. Moreover, any suitable number of thresholds could be used, such as one threshold, for example. In at least one such embodiment, a concentration of 120 ppb of hydrogen sulfide in the breath sample comprises the sole threshold for determining good breath quality and bad breath quality, for example. Moreover, the examples provided above constitute algorithms that can be implemented by the control system 700; however, any suitable algorithm could be used.

[0053] As discussed above, a period of time, or test time, is needed to test the breath sample in the sensor chamber 655. During the test time, it is possible for at portion of the breath sample in the breath tube 600 to emanate from, or escape from, the breath tube 600 through the openings 620 and 690 as the breath sample is being tested owing to the inlet opening 620 and the outlet opening 690 being unsealed. In many instances, the portion of the breath sample in the breath tube 600 adjacent to the inlet opening 620 will diffuse into the atmosphere surrounding the breath analyser 100 through the inlet opening 620 and, likewise, the portion of the breath sample in the breath tube 600 adjacent to the outlet opening 690 will diffuse into the atmosphere surrounding the breath analyser 100 through the outlet opening 690. That said, the portion of the breath sample in the sensor chamber 655 may be unaffected, or at least substantially unaffected, by portions of the breath sample escaping through the openings 620 and 690. Stated another way, the migration of the portion of the breath sample in the sensor chamber 655 away from the sensor 740 can be prevented by, or at least reduced by, the configuration of the breath tube 600. In various instances, for example, the cross tube segment 660 of the breath tube 600 can act as a buffer to the sensor chamber 655 and buffer, or limit, the migration of the breath sample away from the sensor 740 during the breath sample test.

[0054] Further to the above, the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 of the breath tube 600 extends between the inlet aperture 620 and the test chamber 655 of the breath tube 600 and is defined by a first passage length and a first passage diameter. The first passage length and the first passage diameter are selected so as to prevent, or at least inhibit, the portion of the breath sample in the sensor chamber 655 from migrating away from the sensor 740 while it is being tested, or before it is tested. The distance between the inlet aperture 620 and the sensor 740 through the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 is approximately 7 cm, for example, and the diameter of the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 is approximately 0.3 cm, forexample. As used in these embodiments, approximately means, inclusively, within + / - 20% of the base value. In various embodiments, the distance between the inlet aperture 620 and the sensor 740 through the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 is at least 6.0 cm, for example. In certain embodiments, the distance between the inlet aperture 620 and the sensor 740 through the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 is at least 7.0 cm, for example. In at least one embodiment, the distance between the inlet aperture 620 and the sensor 740 through the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 is at least 8.0 cm, for example. In various embodiments, the diameter of the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 is at least 0.2 cm, for example. In certain embodiments, the diameter of the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 is at least 0.25 cm but less than 0.35 cm, for example. In at least one embodiment, the diameter of the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 is less than 0.4 cm, for example. In various embodiments, the ratio of the distance between the inlet aperture 620 and the sensor 740 through the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 to the diameter of the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 is at least 20: 1 , for example. In certain embodiments, the ratio of the distance between the inlet aperture 620 and the sensor 740 through the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 to the diameter of the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 is at least 25:1, for example. In at least one embodiment, the ratio of the distance between the inlet aperture 620 and the sensor 740 through the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 to the diameter of the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 is at least 30: 1, for example.

[0055] Similar to the above, the internal passage 605 in the second leg 680 of the breath tube 600 extends between the test chamber 655 and the outlet aperture 690 of the breath tube 600 and is defined by a second passage length and a second passage diameter that are selected so as to prevent, or at least inhibit, the portion of the breath sample in the sensor chamber 655 from migrating away from the sensor 740 while it is being tested, or before it is tested. The distance between the outlet aperture 690 and the sensor 740 through the internal passage 605 in the second leg 680 is approximately 7 cm, for example, and the diameter of the internal passage 605 in the second leg 680 is approximately 0.3 cm, for example. As used in these embodiments, approximately means, inclusively, within + / - 20% of the base value. In various embodiments, the distance between the outlet aperture 690 and the sensor 740 through the internal passage 605 in the second leg 680 is at least 6.0 cm, for example. In certain embodiments, the distance between the outlet aperture 690 and the sensor 740 through the internal passage 605 in the second leg 680 is at least 7.0 cm, for example. In at least oneembodiment, the distance between the outlet aperture 690 and the sensor 740 through the internal passage 605 in the second leg 680 is at least 8.0 cm, for example. In various embodiments, the diameter of the internal passage 605 in the second leg 680 is at least 0.2 cm, for example. In certain embodiments, the diameter of the internal passage 605 in the second leg 680 is at least 0.25 cm but less than 0.35 cm, for example. In at least one embodiment, the diameter of the internal passage 605 in the second leg 680 is less than 0.4 cm, for example. In various embodiments, the ratio of the distance between the outlet aperture 690 and the sensor 740 through the internal passage 605 in the second leg 680 to the diameter of the internal passage 605 in the first leg 680 is at least 20: 1 , for example. In certain embodiments, the ratio of the distance between the outlet aperture 690 and the sensor 740 through the internal passage 605 in the second leg 680 to the diameter of the internal passage 605 in the second leg 680 is at least 25:1, for example. In at least one embodiment, the ratio of the distance between the outlet aperture 690 and the sensor 740 through the internal passage 605 in the second leg 680 to the diameter of the internal passage 605 in the second leg 680 is at least 30:1, for example.

[0056] Further to the above, the rate of concentration change of the breath sample in the sensor chamber 655 is directly proportional to the ratio of the area of cross-section of the inlet and outlet of the breath tube 600 to the volume of the sensor chamber 655. The area of the inlet aperture 620 in the breath tube 600 is between 7 mm2and 8 mm2, for example, but can have any suitable area. In various embodiments, the area of the inlet aperture 620 of the breath tube 600 is between 6.5 mm2and 8.5 mm2, for example. The area of the outlet aperture 690 in the breath tube 600 is between 7 mm2and 8 mm2, for example, but can have any suitable area. In various embodiments, the area of the outlet aperture 690 of the breath tube 600 is between 6.5 mm2and 8.5 mm2, for example. In various instances, the area of the inlet aperture 620 and the area of the outlet aperture 690 are the same. In other instances, the area of the apertures 620 and 690 are different. In at least one such instance, the area of the outlet aperture 690 is within +- 10% of the area of the inlet aperture 620, for example. In various instances, the average of the inlet aperture 620 area and the outlet aperture 690 area can be referred to as an average area A. The volume V of the sensor chamber 655 is about 200 mm3, for example, but can be any suitable volume. In various embodiments, the volume V of the sensor chamber 655 is between 190 mm3and 210 mm3, for example. In other embodiments, the volume V of the sensor chamber 655 is between 180 mm3and 220 mm3, for example. The ratio of A:V is between 1.25 mm'1and 1.29 mm1, for example, but can comprise any suitable ratio. In variousembodiments, the ratio of A:V is between 1.20 mm'1and 1.35 mm1, for example. In various embodiments, a breath tube having a low A:V ratio, such as the A: V ratios provided above, for example, can provide accurate test results. In such embodiments, the amount of the breath sample in the sensor chamber 655 is sufficient to provide an accurate test result and the configuration of the breath tube is sufficiently restrictive to hold the breath sample in the sensor chamber 655 for a sufficient period of time. Correspondingly, in various other instances, a V:A ratio can be used to design a breath tube to provide accurate test results where higher V:A ratios can provide more accurate test results than lower V: A ratios.

[0057] In various embodiments, further to the above, the internal passage 605 of the breath tube 600 comprises a round profile, for example. In certain embodiments, the internal passage 605 comprises an elliptical profile, for example. In at least one embodiment, the profile of the internal passage 605 is defined by a major diameter along a major axis of the elliptical profile and a minor, or smaller, diameter along a minor axis of the elliptical profile. In various embodiments, the major diameter and the minor diameter can be averaged to define an average diameter where the average diameter of the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 is at least 0.2 cm, for example, at least 0.25 cm but less than 0.35 cm, for example, or less than 0.4 cm, for example. In various embodiments, the ratio of the distance between the inlet aperture 620 and the sensor 740 through the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 to the average diameter of the internal passage 605 in the first leg 640 is at least 20:1, for example, at least 25:1, for example, or at least 30:1, for example. In various embodiments, the average diameter of the internal passage 605 in the second leg 680 is at least 0.2 cm, for example, at least 0.25 cm but less than 0.35 cm, for example, or less than 0.4 cm, for example. In various embodiments, the ratio of the distance between the outlet aperture 690 and the sensor 740 through the internal passage 605 in the second leg 680 to the average diameter of the internal passage 605 in the second leg 680 is at least 20:1, for example, at least 25:1, for example, or at least 30:1, for example.

[0058] Further to the above, referring primarily to FIGS. 9, 12, and 13, the breath analyser 100 further comprises a fan housing 500 in fluid communication with the breath tube 600 and, also, a fan 900 positioned in a fan cavity 510 defined in the fan housing 500. The fan 900 is in electrical communication with the processor 720 of the control system 700 via one or more conductive traces in and / or on the printed circuit board 710. After the control system 700 has analysed the breath sample in the sensor chamber 655 via the sensor 740, as described above,the control system 700 operates the fan 900 to evacuate the breath sample from the breath tube 600. The fan housing 500 comprises an inlet 590 engaged with the outlet of the breath tube 600 such that the breath sample in the breath tube 600 is drawn out of the outlet aperture 690 and into the fan cavity 510 by the fan 900 when the fan 900 is operated. The fan housing 500 further comprises a housing outlet 520 in fluid communication with the fan cavity 510 which is configured to exhaust the breath sample from the fan housing 500. As the breath sample is being drawn out of the breath tube 600 via the outlet aperture 690, ambient air is being concurrently drawn into the breath tube 600 through the inlet aperture 620. Once the breath sample has been evacuated from the breath tube 600, or at least sufficiently evacuated from the breath tube 600, the breath analyser 100 is ready to be used once again. In various embodiments, the control system 700 is configured to turn the fan 900 on and operate the fan 900 for a predetermined period of time after the breath sample test has been completed to evacuate the breath tube 600. After the predetermined period of time has ended, the control system 700 is configured to turn the fan 900 off. Further to the above, the cap 300 comprises through-holes, or slots, for example, defined therein that allow the breath tube 600 to be purged while the cap 300 is attached to the housing 200. As a result, the user does not have to wait until the fan 900 is done purging the breath tube 600 before re-attaching the cap 300.

[0059] As discussed above, the control system 700 is configured to monitor the resistance of the sensor 740 during the breath sample test. In various embodiments, the control system 700 is further configured to monitor the resistance of the sensor 740 while the breath tube 600 is being evacuated by the fan 900. In at least one embodiment, the control system 700 is configured to turn the fan 900 on after the breath sample test and operate the fan 900 until the measured resistance of the sensor 740 exceeds a predetermined resistance threshold. Once the measured resistance of the sensor 740 exceeds the predetermined resistance threshold, in this embodiment, the control system 700 turns the fan 900 off. Further to the above, the presence of the breath sample in the test chamber 655 lowers the resistance of the sensor 740 and, as the breath sample is evacuated from the test chamber 655, the resistance of the sensor 740 should increase. Once the measured resistance of the sensor 740 exceeds the predetermined resistance threshold, the breath tube 600 is presumed to be evacuated of the breath sample. In at least one embodiment, the control system 700 is configured to run the fan 900 for a period of time, such as 2 seconds, for example, after the measured resistance of the sensor 740 has met or exceeded the predetermined resistance threshold.

[0060] In various embodiments, the control system 700 is configured to run the fan 900 as part of a start-up procedure. When the control system 700 is switched into its powered-up state, such as when the state switch 830 is actuated, further to the above, the processor 720 operates the fan 900 to evacuate the breath tube 600 before the breath analyser 100 is used to test a breath sample. In various instances, a portion of a previous, or latent, breath sample, for example, can be present in the breath tube 600 when the breath analyser 100 is turned on and the operation of the fan 900 during the start-up procedure can evacuate the previous, latent breath sample from the breath tube 600. The processor 720 can be programmed to run the fan 900 for a period of time and then stop the fan 900 after the period of time has elapsed. Moreover, the processor 720 can be configured to stop the fan 900 in response to a signal from the sensor 740, for example, when the resistance of the sensor 740 increases above a predetermined threshold. Once the fan 900 is turned off, the processor 720 is configured to signal to the user that the breath analyser 100 is ready for use. In various embodiments, the control system 700 of the breath analyser 1 0 can comprise one or more lights, such as light emitting diodes (LEDs), for example, in communication with the processor 720 that are operated to signal to the user that the breath analyser is ready to be used. For instance, in at least one such embodiment, the control system 700 comprises a first LED positioned on and / or in the housing 200 that is illuminated when the breath analyser 100 is powered-on and a second LED positioned on and / or in the housing 200 that is illuminated when the breath analyser 100 is ready for use.

[0061] As discussed above, the processor 720 of the control system 700 can operate the fan 900 to evacuate the breath tube 600 prior to the breath analyser 100 being used to test a breath sample. As also discussed above, the fan 900 can be in an off state, or condition, while the user blows into the breath analyser 100 and, after the breath analyser 100 has been used to test a breath sample, as described above, the processor 720 can operate the fan 900 once again to purge the new breath sample. That being said, the processor 720 can also be configured to operate the fan 900 in reverse while the user is blowing into the breath analyser 100. In such instances, the fan 900 can help pull the breath sample into the breath tube 600 and especially into the sensor housing 650. Thus, in such instances, the processor 720 can operate the fan 900 in a first direction to purge the breath tube 600, reverse the operation of the fan 900 in a second direction when the breath analyser 100 is ready to receive a breath sample, and then operatethe fan 900 in the first direction once again once the new breath sample has been tested to purge the new breath sample from the breath tube 600.

[0062] Further to the above, operating the fan 900 to pull the breath sample into the breath tube 600 can, in various instances, provide a more accurate test result. In many instances, operating the fan 900 to pull the breath sample into the breath tube 600 may obviate the need for the user to actively blow into the breath analyser 100. In such instances, the user may only need to place their lips on the mouthpiece 400 and let the fan 900 draw the breath sample out of their mouth. Such an arrangement may allow the breath analyser 100 to only capture mouth air from the user as opposed to a combination of mouth air and lung air which can affect the test results. Moreover, such an arrangement can allow the breath analyser 100 to control, or at least substantially control, the size of the breath sample drawn into the breath tube 600.

[0063] Further to the above, referring again to FIGS. 9, 12, and 13, the fan housing 500 further comprises walls 515 that are positioned against the second side 712 of the printed circuit board 710. The walls 515 enclose the lateral sides of the fan housing 510 and direct the air flow from the fan 900 into the fan outlet 520 as described above. The fan housing 500 further comprises a fastener aperture 511 defined therein. A fastener, such as a screw, for example, extends through the fastener aperture 511 into a fastener aperture defined in the printed circuit board 710 and secures the walls 515 of the fan housing 500 tightly against the second side 712 of the printed circuit board 710. The fan housing 500 further comprises a tube slot 540 defined therein which partially encompasses the breath tube 600. The walls of the tube slot 540 support the breath tube 600, and the mouthpiece 400, from within the housing 200, especially when the cover 300 is removed from and / or attached to the housing 200 and / or when the user blows on the mouthpiece 400, for example.

[0064] Once the control system 700 has completed the breath sample test, further to the above, the control system 700 communicates to the user of the breath analyser 100 that the test has been completed. In various embodiments, the control system 700 comprises a speaker configured to emit a first sound if the test indicates that the user has good smelling breath and a second, or different, sound if the test indicates that the user has bad smelling breath. In at least one embodiment, the control system 700 emits, via the speaker, a first scries of sounds if the test indicates that the user has good smelling breath and a second, or different, series of sounds if the test indicates that the user has bad smelling breath. In various embodiments, the control system 700 comprises a vibrator 780, for example, including an electric motor havingan eccentric rotor configured to create haptic vibratory feedback to the user of the breath analyser 100 regarding the results of the test. In at least one embodiment, the control system 700 emits, via the vibrator 780, a first vibratory feedback that can be felt in the housing 200 if the test indicates that the user has good smelling breath and a second, or different, vibratory feedback that can be felt in the housing 200 if the test indicates that the user has bad smelling breath. In at least one such embodiment, the first vibratory feedback has a first frequency while the second vibratory feedback has a different frequency, for example. In various embodiments, the control system 700 comprises a screen, or digital display, positioned on the housing 200 that can display the results of the test. In addition to or in lieu of the above, the control system 700 comprises one or more LEDs that can be illuminated to indicate the quality of the breath.

[0065] As discussed above, the breath analyser 100 comprises a processor 720 configured to process and / or evaluate data that it receives from the sensor 740, for example, and / or any other sensor of the breath analyser 100. The processor 720 is configured to implement one or more software programs and / or algorithms that evaluate the data and determine one or more relationships from the data. The breath analyser 100 also comprises at least one memory device in communication with the processor 720 that is configured to store the data from the sensors, store data output from the processor 720, and / or store an evaluation or relationship made by the processor 720. In various embodiments, the processor 720 comprises one or more on-board memory devices. In at least one embodiment, a memory device of the breath analyser 100 is configured to store data over time and the processor 720 is configured to evaluate such data to determine if there is a trend in the data with respect to time. In at least one instance, the processor 720 can determine if the breath samples being evaluated by the breath analyser 100 are getting worse, or better, over time and, also, the rate in which the breath samples are getting worse, or better. As discussed below, the control system 700 is configured to convey such information to the user of the breath analyser 100.

[0066] As discussed above, the breath analyser 100 is configured to communicate information to the user of the breath analyser 100. In various instances, as also discussed above, the breath analyser 100 can comprise one or more lights, a speaker, and / or a vibratory haptic feedback mechanism, for example, in communication with the processor 720 that arc configured to communicate information to the user. Such information, for example, can comprise the time-oriented evaluations discussed above. Tor instance, the breath analyser 100 can comprise a first LED that is illuminated by the processor 720 if the processor 720 determines that the user’sbreath samples are getting better over time and a second LED that is illuminated by the processor 720 if the processor 720 determines that the user’s breath samples are getting worse over time. In various embodiments, further to the above, the processor 720 can use a display screen to convey if the quality of the breath samples is getting better, or worse, over time and the rate in which the quality of the breath samples is improving, or deteriorating. In at least one such embodiment, the processor 720 is configured to retrieve instructions, recommendations, and / or any other suitable information from the memory device of the control system 700 in response to a determination made by the processor 720 and transmit that information to the user via the display screen.

[0067] In various embodiments, the breath analyser 100 is part of a system that is used to receive data, store data, evaluate the received and / or stored data, store an evaluation based on the received and / or stored data, and / or communicate an evaluation based on the received and / or stored data. Such a system can comprise one or more devices that are in communication with the breath analyser 100. In at least one instance, the control system 700 of the breath analyser 100 comprises a wireless communication chipset configured to communicate wirelessly with a computer network. In various instances, the wireless communication chipset can comprise a Bluetooth chipset, a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) chipset, a cellular chipset, and / or a Wi-Fi chipset using a wireless network protocol based on the IEEE 802.11 family of standards, for example. Regardless of the wireless chipset and / or protocol used, the control system 700 can communicate the data received from the sensor 740, and / or any other sensor of the breath analyser 100, to the computer network using one or more wireless signals. Moreover, the wireless communication chipset is also configured to receive one or more wireless signals, process the wireless signals, and / or communicate data from the wireless signals to the processor 720. In various embodiments, the wireless communication chipset is mounted to the printed circuit board 710 and is in communication with the processor 720 via one or more electrical traces defined in the printed circuit board 710. In at least one embodiment, the wireless communication chipset is onboard the processor 720.

[0068] In various embodiments, further to the above, the one or more devices of the breath analyser system can each comprise at least one processor and at least one memory device. In at least one such embodiment, the processor of a device is configured to implement one or more software programs and / or algorithms, receive data from the breath analyser 100, for example, process the received data, store data, evaluate the received and / or stored data, store anevaluation based on the received and / or stored data, and / or communicate an evaluation based on the received and / or stored data. In various instances, the one or more devices can comprise computational bandwidth for the processor 720, or co-processing, wherein one or more functions of the processor 720 can be offloaded to the device processors and the results of the offloaded processing can be communicated back to the processor 720 of the breath analyser 100. In various instances, the one or more devices can provide memory bandwidth to, or storage for, the breath analyser 100. In at least one embodiment, the breath analyser 100 is configured to send data to the one or more devices which evaluate the data and transmit processed data and / or relationships concerning the data back to the breath analyser 1 0 which the processor 720 can use to modify the operation of the breath analyser 100.

[0069] In various embodiments, further to the above, the one or more devices of the breath analyser system can comprise cellular phones, tablets, wearable computers, handheld computers, and / or portable computers, for example. In at least one embodiment, the one or more devices comprises a network of servers, or a cloud server, for example. Regardless of the device used, the breath analyser system can comprise one or more displays and / or interfaces, for example, configured to display one or more outputs and / or receive one or more inputs. For instance, a tablet device can have a software program, or application, thereon that is configured to display information to a user and / or receive information from the user. In at least one such embodiment, the application can interact with the user to develop a plan to improve the dental hygiene of the user, for example. Using data stored over time, the application can track any improvements being made by the user, and / or setbacks, and modify the plan to assist the user in improving their dental hygiene. Moreover, the application can provide an additional interface for a medical and / or dental practitioner to interact with the application and / or the user to further customize the user’s plan.

[0070] While the foregoing description and drawings represent exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, it will be understood that various additions, modifications and substitutions may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope and range of equivalents of the accompanying claims. In particular, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in other forms, structures, arrangements, proportions, sizes, and with other elements, materials, and components, without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. In addition, numerous variations in the methods / processes described herein may be made within the scope of the present disclosure. One skilled in the art willfurther appreciate that the embodiments may be used with many modifications of structure, arrangement, proportions, sizes, materials, and components and otherwise, used in the practice of the disclosure, which are particularly adapted to specific environments and operative requirements without departing from the principles described herein. The presently-disclosed embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The appended claims should be constmed broadly, to include other variants and embodiments of the disclosure, which may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and range of equivalents.

[0071] EXEMPLARY CLAIM SET

[0072] Exemplary Claim 1. A breath analyser, comprising: a housing; a mouthpiece comprising an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample; a breath tube in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the breath tube comprises: a first leg comprising a first internal passage in communication with the inlet opening; a bottom portion comprising a bottom passage in communication with the first internal passage, wherein the bottom passage comprises a test chamber configured to receive a portion of the breath sample; and a second leg comprising a second internal passage in communication with the bottom passage and an outlet opening; and a control system comprising a sensor in the test chamber configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber.

[0073] Exemplary Claim 2. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 1, further comprising a cover detachably connected to the housing, wherein the cover covers the mouthpiece when the cover is connected to the housing.

[0074] Exemplary Claim 3. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 1 or claim 2, further comprising a printed circuit board, wherein the sensor is mounted to the printed circuit board.

[0075] Exemplary Claim 4. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 3, wherein the test chamber comprises a chamber opening facing the printed circuit board, wherein the chamber opening is defined by a chamber wall, and wherein the breath analyser further comprises a seal positioned intermediate and compressed between the chamber wall and the printed circuit board.

[0076] Exemplary Claim 5. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 4, wherein the breath tube is fastened to the printed circuit board.

[0077] Exemplary Claim 6. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 3, wherein the printed circuit board comprises a first face and a second side opposite the first face, wherein the printedcircuit board comprises a processor mounted to the first face, and wherein the sensor is mounted to the second face.

[0078] Exemplary Claim 7. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 6, wherein the breath tube is mounted to the second face of the printed circuit board.

[0079] Exemplary Claim 8. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 1 or exemplary claim 2, further comprising a printed circuit board, wherein the printed circuit board comprises a perimeter, and wherein the breath tube extends along the perimeter of the printed circuit board.

[0080] Exemplary Claim 9. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 8, wherein the perimeter of the printed circuit board comprises a first lateral side, a second lateral side, and a transverse side extending between the first lateral side and the second lateral side, wherein the first leg of the breath tube extends along the first lateral side, the second leg of the breath tube extends along the second lateral side, and the bottom portion of the breath tube extends along the transverse side.

[0081] Exemplary Claim 10. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 9, wherein the perimeter of the printed circuit board comprises a second transverse side extending between the first lateral side and the second lateral side, wherein the inlet opening of the mouthpiece is in between the first lateral side and the second lateral side, and wherein the outlet opening of the breath tube is adjacent the second lateral side.

[0082] Exemplary Claim 11. The breath analyser of any one of exemplary claims 1-10, further comprising a battery positioned intermediate the first leg, the second leg, and the bottom portion of the breath tube.

[0083] Exemplary Claim 12. The breath analyser of any one of exemplary claims 1-11, further comprising: a fan housing attached to the breath tube, wherein the fan housing comprises a chamber in communication with the outlet opening of the breath tube; and a fan positioned in the chamber of the fan housing, wherein the fan is in electrical communication with the control system.

[0084] Exemplary Claim 13. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 12, wherein the control system is configured to operate the fan after testing the breath sample in the test chamber.

[0085] Exemplary Claim 14. The breath analyser of any one of exemplary claims 1-13, wherein the first internal passage of the first leg is defined by a first passage length and a first diameter selected to inhibit the migration of the breath sample away from the sensor, and wherein thesecond internal passage of the second leg is defined by a second passage length and a second diameter selected to inhibit the migration of the breath sample away from the sensor.

[0086] Exemplary Claim 15. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 14, wherein the first passage length is at least 8 cm, and wherein the second passage length is at least 8 cm.

[0087] Exemplary Claim 16. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 14, wherein the first passage length is at least 7 cm, and wherein the second passage length is at least 7 cm.

[0088] Exemplary Claim 17. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 14, wherein the first passage length is at least 6 cm, and wherein the second passage length is at least 6 cm.

[0089] Exemplary Claim 18. The breath analyser of any one of exemplary claims 1-17, wherein the breath tube is U-shaped.

[0090] Exemplary Claim 19. A breath analyser, comprising: a housing; an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample; a breath tube in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the breath tube comprises a test chamber configured to receive a portion of the breath sample, wherein the test chamber comprises a chamber opening defined by a chamber wall; a control system comprising a printed circuit board and a sensor, wherein the printed circuit board comprises a first face and a second face, wherein the sensor is mounted to the second face, wherein the chamber opening faces the second face, wherein the sensor is positioned in the test chamber and is configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber; and a seal positioned intermediate and compressed between the chamber wall and the second face of the printed circuit board.

[0091] Exemplary Claim 20. A breath analyser, comprising: a housing; an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample; a breath tube in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the breath tube comprises a test chamber configured to receive a portion of the breath sample; and a control system comprising a printed circuit board, a processor, and a sensor, wherein the printed circuit board comprises a first face and a second face opposite the first face, wherein the processor is mounted to the first face, wherein the sensor is mounted to the second face, and wherein the sensor is positioned in the test chamber and is configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber.

[0092] Exemplary Claim 21. A breath analyser system, comprising: a housing; an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample; a test chamber in communication with the inlet opening configured to receive a portion of the breath sample; and a control system, comprising: a processor; a sensor positioned in the test chamber; and a wireless communication chipset,wherein the control system is configured to emit at least one wireless signal to a device regarding at least one datum obtained from the sensor.

[0093] Exemplary Claim 22. The breath analyser system of exemplary claim 21, further comprising the device, wherein the device comprises a computer network comprising at least one computer network processor, a memory device, and a wireless signal receiver, and wherein the computer network is configured to: receive the at least one wireless signal via the wireless signal receiver; store data contained in the at least one wireless signal via the memory device; evaluate the stored data via the at least one computer network processor; determine a relationship regarding the stored data via the at least one computer network processor; and communicate the relationship.

[0094] Exemplary Claim 23. The breath analyser system of exemplary claim 22, wherein the computer network further comprises a wireless signal transmitter configured to emit at least one wireless signal regarding the relationship to the control system.

[0095] Exemplary Claim 24. The breath analyser system of exemplary claim 21, wherein the device comprises a cellular phone.

[0096] Exemplary Claim 25. The breath analyser system of exemplary claim 21, wherein the device comprises a hand-held computer.

[0097] Exemplary Claim 26. A breath analyser, comprising: a housing; a mouthpiece comprising an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample; a breath tube in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the breath tube comprises a test chamber configured to receive a portion of the breath sample; a control system comprising a sensor in the test chamber configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber; and a fan operable by the control system, wherein the control system is configured to operate the fan after testing the breath sample to push the breath sample out of the breath tube.

[0098] Exemplary Claim 27. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 26, wherein the fan is operable by the control system in a first direction to push the breath sample toward the inlet opening after the breath sample has been tested.

[0099] Exemplary Claim 28. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 27, wherein the fan is operable by the control system in a second direction to pull the breath sample into the test chamber before testing the breath sample, wherein the second direction is opposite the first direction.

[0100] Exemplary Claim 29. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 27 or exemplary claim 28, wherein the control system is configured to operate the fan in the first direction before receiving the breath sample.

[0101] Exemplary Claim 30. The breath analyser of any one of exemplary claims 26-28, further comprising a cap releasably attached to the housing to at least partially cover the mouthpiece, wherein the cap is detachable from the housing to expose the inlet opening of the mouthpiece, and wherein the cap comprises vents defined therein configured to permit the breath sample to escape from the breath tube when the fan is being operated after the cap has been re-attached to the housing.

[0102] Exemplary Claim 31. A breath analyser, comprising: a housing; a mouthpiece comprising an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample; a breath tube in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the breath tube comprises a test chamber configured to receive a portion of the breath sample; a control system comprising a sensor in the test chamber configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber; and a fan operable by the control system, wherein the control system is configured to operate the fan before to pull the breath sample into the test chamber before testing the breath sample.

[0103] Exemplary Claim 32. A breath analyser, comprising: a housing; a mouthpiece comprising an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample; a breath tube in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the breath tube comprises a test chamber configured to receive a portion of the breath sample; a control system comprising a sensor in the test chamber configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber; and a fan operable by the control system, wherein the control system is configured to operate the fan before receiving the breath sample.

[0104] Exemplary Claim 33. A breath analyser, comprising: a housing; a mouthpiece comprising an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample; a breath tube in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the breath tube defines an internal passage comprising: a straight portion; a curved portion; and a test chamber configured to receive a portion of the breath sample; and a control system comprising a sensor in the test chamber configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber.

[0105] Exemplary Claim 34. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 33, wherein the test chamber is intermediate the straight portion and the curved portion.

[0106] Exemplary Claim 35. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 33, wherein the curved portion is intermediate the straight portion and the test chamber.

[0107] Exemplary Claim 36. A breath analyser, comprising: a housing; a flexible mouthpiece comprising an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample; a breath tube comprising a passage in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the flexible mouthpiece is secured to an end of the breath tube; and a control system comprising a sensor in the test chamber configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber.

[0108] Exemplary Claim 37. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 36, further comprising a cap releasably attached to the housing to at least partially cover the mouthpiece, wherein the cap is detachable from the housing to expose the inlet opening of the mouthpiece.

[0109] Exemplary Claim 38. The breath analyser of exemplary claim 37, wherein the cap comprises vents defined therein configured to permit the breath sample to escape from the breath tube after the cap has been re-attached to the housing.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A breath analyser, comprising:a housing;a mouthpiece comprising an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample; a breath tube in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the breath tube comprises;a first leg comprising a first internal passage in communication with the inlet opening;a bottom portion comprising a bottom passage in communication with the first internal passage, wherein the bottom passage comprises a test chamber configured to receive a portion of the breath sample; anda second leg comprising a second internal passage in communication with the bottom passage and an outlet opening; anda control system comprising a sensor in the test chamber configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber.

2. The breath analyser of claim 1, further comprising a cover detachably connected to the housing, wherein the cover covers the mouthpiece when the cover is connected to the housing.

3. The breath analyser of claim 1 or claim 2, further comprising a printed circuit board, wherein the sensor is mounted to the printed circuit board.

4. The breath analyser of claim 3, wherein the test chamber comprises a chamber opening facing the printed circuit board, wherein the chamber opening is defined by a chamber wall, and wherein the breath analyser further comprises a seal positioned intermediate and compressed between the chamber wall and the printed circuit board, and wherein the breath tube is fastened to the printed circuit board.

5. The breath analyser of claim 3, wherein the printed circuit board comprises a first face and a second side opposite the first face, wherein the printed circuit board comprises a processor mounted to the first face, and wherein the sensor is mounted to the second face.

6. The breath analyser of claim 1 or claim 2, further comprising a printed circuit board, wherein the printed circuit board comprises a perimeter, and wherein the breath tube extends along the perimeter of the printed circuit board.

7. The breath analyser of claim 6, wherein the perimeter of the printed circuit board comprises a first lateral side, a second lateral side, and a transverse side extending between the first lateral side and the second lateral side, wherein the first leg of the breath tube extends along the first lateral side, the second leg of the breath tube extends along the second lateral side, and the bottom portion of the breath tube extends along the transverse side, wherein the perimeter of the printed circuit board comprises a second transverse side extending between the first lateral side and the second lateral side, wherein the inlet opening of the mouthpiece is in between the first lateral side and the second lateral side, and wherein the outlet opening of the breath tube is adjacent the second lateral side.

8. The breath analyser of any one of claims 1-7, further comprising a battery positioned intermediate the first leg, the second leg, and the bottom portion of the breath tube.

9. The breath analyser of any one of claims 1-8, further comprising:a fan housing attached to the breath tube, wherein the fan housing comprises a chamber in communication with the outlet opening of the breath tube; anda fan positioned in the chamber of the fan housing, wherein the fan is in electrical communication with the control system, wherein the control system is configured to operate the fan after testing the breath sample in the test chamber.

10. The breath analyser of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the first internal passage of the first leg is defined by a first passage length and a first diameter selected to inhibit the migration of the breath sample away from the sensor, and wherein the second internal passage of the second leg is defined by a second passage length and a second diameter selected to inhibit the migration of the breath sample away from the sensor.

11. The breath analyser of claim 10, wherein the first passage length is at least 8 cm, and wherein the second passage length is at least 8 cm, optionally wherein the first passage lengthis at least 7 cm, and wherein the second passage length is at least 7 cm, further optionally wherein the first passage length is at least 6 cm, and wherein the second passage length is at least 6 cm.

12. The breath analyser of any one of claims 1-11, wherein the breath tube is U-shaped.

13. A breath analyser, comprising:a housing;an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample;a breath tube in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the breath tube comprises a test chamber configured to receive a portion of the breath sample, wherein the test chamber comprises a chamber opening defined by a chamber wall;a control system comprising a printed circuit board and a sensor, wherein the printed circuit board comprises a first face and a second face, wherein the sensor is mounted to the second face, wherein the chamber opening faces the second face, wherein the sensor is positioned in the test chamber and is configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber; anda seal positioned intermediate and compressed between the chamber wall and the second face of the printed circuit board.

14. A breath analyser, comprising;a housing;an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample;a breath tube in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the breath tube comprises a test chamber configured to receive a portion of the breath sample; anda control system comprising a printed circuit board, a processor, and a sensor, wherein the printed circuit board comprises a first face and a second face opposite the first face, wherein the processor is mounted to the first face, wherein the sensor is mounted to the second face, and wherein the sensor is positioned in the test chamber and is configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber.

15. A breath analyser system, comprising:a housing;an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample;a test chamber in communication with the inlet opening configured to receive a portion of the breath sample; anda control system, comprising:a processor;a sensor positioned in the test chamber; anda wireless communication chipset, wherein the control system is configured to emit at least one wireless signal to a device regarding at least one datum obtained from the sensor.

16. A breath analyser, comprising:a housing;a mouthpiece comprising an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample; a breath tube in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the breath tube comprises a test chamber configured to receive a portion of the breath sample;a control system comprising a sensor in the test chamber configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber; anda fan operable by the control system, wherein the control system is configured to operate the fan after testing the breath sample to push the breath sample out of the breath tube.

17. A breath analyser, comprising:a housing;a mouthpiece comprising an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample; a breath tube in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the breath tube comprises a test chamber configured to receive a portion of the breath sample;a control system comprising a sensor in the test chamber configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber; anda fan operable by the control system, wherein the control system is configured to operate the fan before to pull the breath sample into the test chamber before testing the breath sample.

18. A breath analyser, comprising:a housing;a mouthpiece comprising an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample; a breath tube in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the breath tube comprises a test chamber configured to receive a portion of the breath sample;a control system comprising a sensor in the test chamber configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber; anda fan operable by the control system, wherein the control system is configured to operate the fan before receiving the breath sample.

19. A breath analyser, comprising:a housing;a mouthpiece comprising an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample; a breath tube in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the breath tube defines an internal passage comprising:a straight portion;a curved portion; anda test chamber configured to receive a portion of the breath sample; and a control system comprising a sensor in the test chamber configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber.

20. A breath analyser, comprising:a housing;a flexible mouthpiece comprising an inlet opening configured to receive a breath sample;a breath tube comprising a passage in communication with the inlet opening, wherein the flexible mouthpiece is secured to an end of the breath tube; anda control system comprising a sensor in the test chamber configured to test the portion of the breath sample in the test chamber.

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