Tactile paving with tree trimmings and its manufacturing method.

Description

1 / 7 Tactile paving with tree trimmings and its manufacturing method. Field of application.

[001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of civil construction, sustainability and accessibility, more specifically, it refers to a tactile floor made from tree trimmings and comprising contrasting texture and color in relation to the adjacent floor, intended to constitute an alert or guide line, serving as orientation, mainly, for people with visual impairment or reduced mobility. FUNDAMENTALS OF THE INVENTION

[002] Currently, tactile paving is produced according to guidelines from the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT) - NBR 9050, and several parameters must be observed, such as: material, design and dimensions, color and contrast, installation, and maintenance, etc. Some of the main elements for its production are: cement, water, aggregates such as sand and gravel, and some additives to improve resistance, adhesion and curing time.

[003] However, the production of flooring in the state of the art presents significant disadvantages in relation to sustainability, since this production process does not use any sustainable component that contributes to reducing environmental impacts. As a result, the manufacture of flooring does not consider the proper disposal of waste from tree pruning, such as leaves, roots and branches.

[004] Aiming to solve the aforementioned problems, the present invention describes an innovative and sustainable solution for the reuse of tree pruning waste, which currently does not have an adequate destination, Petition 870240108618, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 10 / 23 2 / 7 are accumulating in landfills for the production of tactile paving.

[005] In the present invention, the tactile flooring is produced from the incorporation of tree trimmings, replacing part of the sand in the manufacturing process. STATE OF THE ART

[006] The document “SUSTAINABILITY AND RESISTANCE: THE USE OF ORGANIC MATTER ADDED TO CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE” describes the analysis of the influence that the variation in the length of coconut fiber exerts on the compressive strength of mortar, and also the differences in the behavior of test specimens in dry curing and saturated curing. The scientific article investigates the properties of conventional concrete with the addition mainly of coconut fibers of different lengths, arriving at positive results.

[007] However, the present invention proposes to replace 70% of the sand with processed and treated organic matter from tree pruning. The organic waste in question, from tree pruning, such as branches and leaves, is an urban problem, and the present invention provides an alternative for this waste, as well as being adopted as a solution for accessibility improvements.

[008] The document “WOOD-CEMENT COMPOSITES: A SUSTAINABLE PRODUCT FOR THE FUTURE” describes a sustainable objective of seeking environmentally suitable materials for everyday actions, such as in civil construction; however, this document differs from the present invention since it does not define the origin of the wood used in the process, while the Petition 870240108618, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 11 / 23 3 / 7 The present invention, to solve an urban waste disposal problem, uses exclusively wood from tree pruning, such as leaves, branches, roots and trunks, which are organic waste. Furthermore, the treatment of the wood and leaves to generate green mass constitutes a sustainable process, helping to solve the problem of its disposal and providing accessibility resources.

[009] Document BR102012029312-9 describes the use of a composite structure combining cement with wood particles and other chemical components.

[010] However, this document differs from the present invention since it does not use organic waste, and the present invention uses a completely different treatment process, as well as organic matter from tree pruning, without the addition of chemical components. The applicability of the present invention in addressing an urban challenge, namely accessibility, is emphasized, using low-cost sustainable innovation.

[011] In relation to the three previous documents taken together, although organic matter is used in their composition, they do not address the material at focus in the present invention, tree trimmings and urban organic waste, which, consequently, generates differentiated treatment processes, according to the needs of each element used. It should be noted that the products in the cited documents have added elements, while the present invention dispenses with the addition of chemical compositions, which solves at least two urban problems, proposing a means of sustainable development of tactile paving and providing accessibility. Furthermore, as the paving Petition 870240108618, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 12 / 23 4 / 7 uses an organic waste product as a substitute for some of the sand used in production, thus reducing manufacturing costs.

[012] The document “DRAINING TACTILE FLOOR MADE OF CONCRETE AND BAKELITE” describes a concrete tactile floor, providing relevant information about its characteristics, production method and also discussing the related technical standards.

[013] However, this document differs from the present invention since the treatment process is entirely distinct in relation to the elements used and their treatment needs. Both proposals comply with the NBR 9050 / 2004 standard, which refers to urban accessibility through social inclusion. However, the present invention has the advantage of using a large percentage of organic waste matter (discarded organic matter), found abundantly in cities, being a sustainable and viable method, with low cost.

[014] Therefore, it can be concluded that the present invention differs from the prior art documents presented here, since none of them refers to a tactile floor with a large percentage of organic matter (tree pruning) in its composition and dispensing with the addition of chemical components. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[015] The present invention describes an innovative and sustainable solution for the reuse of tree pruning waste, which currently does not have an adequate destination, accumulating in landfills, for the production of tactile paving. Tactile paving, according to NBR 9050, is Petition 870240108618, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, p. 13 / 23 5 / 7 characterized by contrasting texture and color in relation to the adjacent pavement, intended to constitute a warning or guide line, serving as orientation, mainly, for people with visual impairments or reduced mobility. Thus, the present invention discloses a tactile floor comprising sand, tree trimmings, gravel, cement, water and glycerin, as well as its manufacturing method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[016] The invention can be better understood through the brief description in the following figures: Figure 1 shows the composition of shredded tree pruning waste; Figure 2 shows the plastic form of the tactile paving according to NBR 16537; Figure 3 shows samples tested in a hydraulic press, composed of sand, crushed stone (size zero), cement, water, green mortar, and glycerin; Figure 4 illustrates tactile paving produced from tree trimmings; Figure 5 presents a block diagram illustrating the production steps of tactile paving made by incorporating tree pruning waste. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[017] The invention can be better understood through the following detailed description, in accordance with the attached figures.

[018] The present invention describes the production of a tactile floor in order to promote accessibility and that this is produced sustainably, through a 70% reduction in the amount of sand used in the formulation.

[019] Initially, a process is carried out to separate the leaves, branches and roots, in order to remove impurities, such as Petition 870240108618, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, pp. 14 / 23 6 / 7 stones or something that is not part of the composition and ends up coming along with the pruning, and then the impurities are discarded.

[020] After separation, the tree pruning is taken to the drying oven at a temperature between 90° and 100° C, preferably 100° C, for two and a half to three hours, and the next step is to shred the material to obtain a standard size in the range of 1 to 3 cm, using an industrial shredder. Subsequently, the pruning passes through a sieve with a granulometry of 1mm to 2mm, 2mm being the standardized size for the production of the flooring. The remaining material is reprocessed until its total reduction to the standard size of up to 2mm.

[021] After obtaining the properly treated tree pruning and the entire drying and sieving process, the green mass is obtained, as illustrated in Figure 1.

[022] As illustrated in Figure 5, during the production of green mass, glycerin is added to optimize the result; the glycerin is added in the final process of mixing the mass, which includes green mass, sand, cement, zero-grade crushed stone, and water.

[023] The formulation for concrete production is given in terms of civil construction as follows: 2:1:3:1:3:1 of cement, zero-grade aggregate, water, sand, green mortar, glycerin, respectively. For formulation purposes, the quantity of cement (1kg) is considered as a reference for the mix. Other types of mixes can be used, for example, using 258g of cement, 151g of aggregate, 378ml of water, 151g of sand, 353g of green mortar and 126g of glycerin. Petition 870240108618, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 15 / 23 7 / 7

[024] The compounds mentioned are mixed and water is added gradually until a dough-like consistency is achieved. The tactile paving produced in the mold (measuring 24.7 x 24.7 x 1.7) after being concreted weighs approximately 2.02 kg (Figure 4).

[025] The concrete curing time established in the legislation for drying is 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. TESTS AND RESULTS

[026] In the tests carried out, the pruning material used came from the municipality of Vassouras and was supplied to the laboratory of the University of Vassouras.

[027] Figure 3 shows samples after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of drying / curing. The tests were carried out to obtain the values ​​of axial compressive strength, diametral compression and flexural tensile strength of materials such as concrete.

[028] According to ABNT NBR 16547, a minimum hardness of 60 Shore A is established in order to guarantee the necessary resistance. The test results were satisfactory because the resistance of the test specimen meets the requirements of the legislation for interlocking material.

[029] The present invention has been disclosed in this descriptive report in terms of its preferred embodiment. However, other modifications and variations are possible from the present description, and are still within the scope of the invention disclosed herein. Petition 870240108618, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 16 / 23

Claims

1 / 2 CLAIMS 1. A method for manufacturing tactile paving, CHARACTERIZED by comprising: separating the leaves, branches and roots obtained from tree pruning; drying the leaves, branches and roots in an oven at a temperature between 90° and 100°C for two and a half to three hours; crushing the material to obtain a size in the range of 1 to 3 cm; sieving the material until it reaches a particle size of 1 mm to 2 mm to obtain the green mass; adding cement, zero-grade crushed stone, water, sand and glycerin to the green mass; depositing the mixture in a mold; curing the mixture.

2. Method, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that cement, zero-grade crushed stone, water, sand, green mortar and glycerin are mixed respectively in the proportions 2:1:3:1:3:

1.

3. Method, according to claim 1 or 2, CHARACTERIZED in that glycerin is added in the final mixing process of the mass containing green mass, sand, cement, zero-grade crushed stone and water.

4. Method, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, CHARACTERIZED in that the cure is achieved in 7, 14, 21 and 28 days.

5. Tactile pavement obtained by the method as defined in any of claims 1 to 4, CHARACTERIZED by Petition 870240108618, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 17 / 23 2 / 2 fact that it comprises a mixture of cement, zero-grade aggregate, water, sand, green mortar and glycerin.

6. Tactile pavement, according to claim 5, CHARACTERIZED in that cement, zero-grade aggregate, water, sand, green mortar and glycerin are in the proportion of 2:1:3:1:3:1, respectively.

7. Tactile pavement, according to claim 5, CHARACTERIZED by comprising 258g of cement, 151g of crushed stone, 378ml of water, 151g of sand, 353g of green mortar and 126g of glycerin.

8. Tactile paving, according to any one of claims 5 to 7, CHARACTERIZED by comprising dimensions of 24.7 x 24.7 x 1.

7. Petition 870240108618, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, pp. 18 / 23

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