CHAPA DE AÇO ELÉTRICA NÃO ORIENTADA, NÚCLEO, E MÁQUINA ELÉTRICA ROTATIVA

Abstract

This non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet contains, in mass %, C: 0.0100% or less, Si: 1.50-4.00%, sol. Al: 0.0001-1.00%, S: 0.0100% or less, N: 0.0100% or less, and one or more selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ni, and Cu: total of 2.50-5.00%. When, in mass%, Mn content is taken to be [Mn], the Ni content is taken to be [Ni], the Cu content is taken to be [Cu], the Si content is taken to be [Si], the sol. Al content is taken to be [sol. Al], and the P content is taken to be [P], the non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet has a chemical composition that satisfies (2 × [Mn] + 2.5 × [Ni] + [Cu]) - ([Si] + 2 × [sol. Al] + 4 × [P]) ≥ 1.50%. A411-011 is 15.0% or more, B50D is 1.70T or more, and W10D / 400D is 10.4 W / kg or less.

Description

1 / 60 Non-oriented electrical steel sheet, core, and rotating electrical machine. TECHNICAL FIELD

[001] The present invention relates to a non-oriented electrical steel sheet, a core and a rotating electrical machine.

[002] Priority is claimed for the Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-061313, filed on April 5, 2023, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE

[003] Electrical steel sheets are used as the core material (iron core) of electrical equipment. Examples of electrical equipment include a traction motor mounted in an automobile, various compressor motors such as an air conditioner and a refrigerator, and residential or industrial power generators. This electrical equipment must exhibit high energy efficiency, miniaturization, and high output. Therefore, an electrical steel sheet used as a core for electrical equipment must exhibit low iron loss and high magnetic flux density.

[004] Iron loss can be reduced by reducing the sheet thickness. However, reducing the sheet thickness leads to a decrease in the production efficiency of the motors, and thus a method to reduce iron loss while maintaining sheet thickness is needed.

[005] In response to this problem, texture control is a solution to obtain low iron loss and high magnetic flux density. To date, techniques have been proposed for the development of a microstructure (α fiber) that has an easily magnetized axis on the surface of the steel sheet, which is advantageous for improving magnetic characteristics and can be developed with Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 7 / 79 2 / 60 relative ease through hot rolling and cold rolling processes, which are essential steps in the manufacture of steel sheets. Specifically, a microstructure in which the direction <110> It is formed substantially parallel to the rolling direction (RD).

[006] For example, Patent Document 1 states that cooling is carried out at 250°C or less at a cooling rate of 200°C / s or more within 3 seconds after hot rolling and that annealing is not carried out between hot rolling and cold rolling and the cumulative reduction per rolling is 88% or more in cold rolling. Patent Document 1 describes that this makes it possible to manufacture an electrical steel sheet developed in the {100} orientation. <011> on the surface of the steel sheet.

[007] On the other hand, to improve the magnetic characteristics, techniques for developing the {411} orientation, which is rotated by 20° relative to the {100} orientation, have also been proposed. Patent Documents 2 to 8 describe a technique for developing the {411} orientation and state that the grain size is optimized in the hot-rolled sheet and that the α fiber is enhanced relative to the texture of the hot-rolled sheet.

[008] Specifically, Patent Document 2 states that cold rolling is performed on a hot-rolled sheet in which the degree of development in the {211} orientation is greater than the degree of development in the {411} orientation and the cumulative reduction by rolling is 80% or more in cold rolling. Patent Document 2 describes that this makes it possible to manufacture an electrical steel sheet developed in the {411} orientation on the surface of the steel sheet.

[009] Patent Documents 3 and 4 describe that the heating temperature of the plate is 700°C or more and 1150°C or less, the initial temperature of the finishing lamination is 650°C or Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 8 / 79 3 / 60 plus and 850°C or less and the end temperature of the finishing lamination is 550°C or more and 800°C or less and the cumulative reduction by lamination is 85 to 95% in cold rolling. Patent Documents 3 and 4 describe that this makes it possible to manufacture an electrical steel sheet developed in the {100} orientation and in the {411} orientation on the surface of the steel sheet.

[0010] Patent Document 5 refers to a method for manufacturing an electrically non-oriented steel sheet and states that when strip casting or similar is performed and α fibers are developed to the vicinity of the surface layer of a hot-rolled steel sheet, the {h11}<1 / h12> orientation, particularly the {100} orientation <012> for the {411} <148> , it is recrystallized during subsequent annealing of the hot-rolled sheet.

[0011] Patent Document 6 refers to a non-oriented electrical steel sheet in which the intensity of the {100} plane is 2.4 or more in the reverse pole figure, the area fraction of grains with a {100} crystal orientation (tolerance within 20°) is 18% or more across the entire visual field when measured by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), the average grain size is 20 μm or less, the sheet thickness is 0.10 to 0.30 mm and Q represented by Q = [Si] - 0.5 χ [Mn] is 2.00 or more when [Si] is defined as a Si content (% by mass) and [Mn] is defined as a Mn content (% by mass) and describes that the probability of the existence of {411} oriented grains, which are superior in relation to magnetic characteristics, is increased to improve magnetic characteristics. and achieve low iron loss and high magnetic flux density.Patent Document 6 states that when α fibers are developed to the vicinity of the surface layer of a hot-rolled steel sheet, the {h11}<1 / h12> orientation, particularly the {100} orientation, <012> for the {411} <148> , it's recris. Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 9 / 79 4 / 60 talizada when subsequently annealing the hot-rolled sheet.

[0012] Patent Document 7 describes a non-oriented electrical steel sheet which is a type of α-γ transformation; it includes, as a chemical composition, in terms of % by mass, 2.0 to 4.5% Si, more than 3.0 to 5.0% Mn and a balance of Fe, optional elements and impurity elements; and has a random X-ray intensity ratio of the crystal orientation {100} <011> from 0 to 15.0 and a random X-ray intensity ratio of the crystal orientation {411} <148> from 4.0 to 200 at a depth of 1 / 4 of the sheet thickness from the sheet surface.

[0013] Patent Document 8 refers to an electrically non-oriented steel sheet in which the intensity of the {100} plane is 2.4 or more in the reverse pole figure, the area fraction of grains with {100} crystal orientation (tolerance within 20°) is 18% or more across the entire visual field when measured by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), the average grain size is 55 to 200 μm, the sheet thickness is 0.10 to 0.30 mm, a layer containing Cr oxide with a thickness of 0.01 μm or more and 0.5 μm or less is included on the surface of the steel sheet and 10.00% < 2[Si] + 2[Al] + [Cr] < 15.00% and (2[Al] + [Cr]) / 2[Si] - 10t2 < 0.35 are satisfied when [Si] is defined as a Si content (% by mass), [Al] is defined as an Al content (% by mass), [Cr] is defined as a Cr content (% by mass), and the thickness of the sheet (mm) of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet is defined as te describes that the probability of the existence of {411} oriented grains,which are superior in terms of magnetic characteristics, is increased to obtain low iron loss and high magnetic flux density. LIST OF QUOTES Patent Documents Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 10 / 79 5 / 60 Patent Document 1: Unexamined Japanese Patent Application, First Publication No. 2017-145462 Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent No. 4218077 Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent No. 5256916 Patent Document 4: Unexamined Japanese Patent Application, First Publication No. 2011-111658 Patent Document 5: Unexamined Japanese Patent Application, First Publication No. 2019-183185 Patent Document 6: Unexamined Japanese Patent Application, First Publication No. 2020-76138 Patent Document 7: Unexamined Japanese Patent Application, First Publication No. 2020-100860 Patent Document 8: Unexamined Japanese Patent Application, First Publication No. 2020-139198 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Technical Problem

[0014] The present inventors studied the above techniques and found a problem that, when the orientation {100} <011> It is increased to enhance the magnetic characteristics according to Patent Document 1, rapid cooling immediately after hot rolling is necessary and the manufacturing load is high. Furthermore, the present inventors have discovered that when a reinforced steel sheet in the {100} orientation <011> According to Patent Document 1, when used as a caulked core material, the appropriate core characteristics of the material cannot be obtained in some cases. The present inventors studied the cause of this and discovered that it occurs because the orientation {100} <011> It becomes high when the magnetic characteristics change under stress, especially the deterioration of the magnetic characteristics when compressive stress acts (sensitivity to tension). Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 11 / 79 6 / 60 are).

[0015] Furthermore, it was discovered that, in the techniques of Patent Documents 2 to 8, the {411} orientation is developed, however, the orientation <011> The orientation in the plane is weakly developed, and therefore the magnetic characteristics are not sufficiently enhanced in the 45° direction relative to the rolling direction of the steel sheet, which is a characteristic of the α fiber. It was considered that the fact that the orientation in the plane is not aligned with the orientation... <011> That is, the deviation of the α fiber is large, which is a factor that inhibits development in the {411} orientation as an in-plane orientation and may be a factor that does not sufficiently improve the magnetic characteristics.

[0016] In view of the above problems, an objective of the present invention is to provide a non-oriented electrical steel sheet that has low stress sensitivity and excellent magnetic characteristics in a direction of ±45 degrees relative to the rolling direction (the 45-degree direction and the 135-degree direction), based on a manufacturing method in which the manufacturing load does not increase. Another objective of the present invention is to provide a core (iron core) manufactured using the non-oriented electrical steel sheet and a rotating electrical machine, such as a motor or a generator, manufactured using the core. Solution to the Problem

[0017] The present inventors conducted further studies focusing on the {411} plane, which is a planar orientation rotated 20° relative to the {100} plane. As a result, the present inventors found that the magnetic characteristics (particularly, the magnetic characteristics in a direction of ±45° relative to the lamination direction) are further enhanced with the development of a special {411} orientation. <011> . In addition Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 12 / 79 7 / 60 of this, it was also found that the steel plate in which {411} <011> the developed material exhibits less sensitivity to stress than the steel plate in which {100} <011> It is developed.

[0018] Furthermore, the present inventors have studied and also discovered that it is effective to improve the magnetic characteristics that the rate of temperature rise during intermediate annealing is increased and that the final annealing temperature is higher than ever according to the chemical composition.

[0019] As a result of further intensive studies based on such findings, the present inventors have designed the various embodiments of the invention shown below.

[0020] [1] In one embodiment of the present invention, a non-oriented electrical steel sheet includes, as its chemical composition, in terms of % by mass, 0.0100% or less of C, 1.50 to 4.00% of Si, 0.0001 to 1.00% of sol.Al, 0.0100% or less of S, 0.0100% or less of N, 2.50 to 5.00% in total of one or more selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ni and Cu, 0.000 to 1.000% of Co, 0.000 to 0.400% of Sn, 0.000 to 0.400% of Sb, 0.000 to 0.400% of P, 0.0000 to 0.0100% in total of one or more selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd, where, in terms of % by mass, when [Mn] is defined as Mn content, [Ni] is defined as Ni content, [Cu] is defined as Cu content, [Si] is defined as Si content, [sol.Al] is defined as sol. content.Al and [P] is defined as a P content, formula (1) below is satisfied and an equilibrium of Fe and impurities; the non-oriented electrical steel sheet having an area fraction A411-011 of 15.0% or more, where Ahkl-uvw is defined as an area fraction of grains that has an orientation {hkl}. <uvw>with respect to an entire visual field, when a plane that is parallel to a laminated surface and has a depth of 1 / 2 the thickness of the sheet of a surface is... Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 13 / 79 8 / 60 dido by SEM-EBSD; non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a magnetic flux density B50D of 1.70 T or more, wherein B50D is the average of a magnetic flux density in a direction of 45 degrees relative to a rolling direction and the magnetic flux density in a direction of 135 degrees relative to the rolling direction; and non-oriented electrical steel sheet having an iron loss W10D / 400D of 10.4 W / kg or less, wherein W10D / 400D is the average of the iron loss in a direction of 45 degrees relative to the rolling direction and the iron loss in a direction of 135 degrees relative to the rolling direction: (2 χ [Mn] + 2.5 χ [Ni] + [Cu]) - ([Si] + 2 x [sol.Al] + 4 x [P]) > 1.50% ··· (1).

[0021] [2] In the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to [1], when B50L is defined as the average of the magnetic flux density in a direction of 0 degrees relative to the lamination direction and the magnetic flux density in a direction of 90 degrees relative to the lamination direction, B50D and B50L can satisfy a formula (2) below: B50D / B50L > 1.05 ---(2).

[0022] [3] In another embodiment of the present invention, a core includes a non-oriented electrical steel sheet, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet comprising, as a chemical composition, in terms of % by mass, 0.0100% or less of C, 1.50 to 4.00% of Si, 0.0001 to 1.00% of sol.Al, 0.0100% or less of S, 0.0100% or less of N, 2.50 to 5.00% in total of one or more selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ni and Cu, 0.000 to 1.000% of Co, 0.000 to 0.400% of Sn, 0.000 to 0.400% of Sb, 0.000 to 0.400% of P, 0.0000 to 0.0100% in total of one or more selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd where, in terms of % by mass, when [Mn] is defined as Mn content, [Ni] is defined as Ni content, [Cu] is defined as Cu content, Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, p. 14 / 79 9 / 60 [Si] is defined as a Si content, [sol.Al] is defined as a sol.Al content and [P] is defined as a P content, formula (1) below is satisfied and an equilibrium of Fe and impurities; the non-oriented electrical steel sheet having an area fraction A411-011 of 15.0% or more, where Ahkl-uvw is defined as an area fraction of grains that have an orientation {hkl} <uvw>with respect to an entire visual field when a plane that is parallel to a rolled surface and has a depth of 1 / 2 the sheet thickness of a surface is measured by SEM-EBSD; non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a magnetic flux density B50D of 1.70 T or more, where B50D is the average of a magnetic flux density in a direction of 45 degrees relative to a rolling direction and a magnetic flux density in a direction of 135 degrees relative to the rolling direction; and non-oriented electrical steel sheet having an iron loss W10D / 400D of 10.4 W / kg or less, where W10D / 400D is an average of an iron loss in a direction of 45 degrees relative to the rolling direction and an iron loss in a direction of 135 degrees relative to the rolling direction: (2 χ [Mn] + 2.5 χ [Ni] + [Cu]) - ([Si] + 2 x [sol.Al] + 4 x [P]) > 1.50% ··· (1).

[0023] [4] In another embodiment of the present invention, a rotating electric machine includes: a stator; a rotor located on an inner peripheral side of the stator; and a housing that is in close contact with the stator from an outer peripheral side of the stator and secures the stator, wherein at least one of the stator and rotor has a core consisting of a non-oriented electrical steel sheet that includes, as a chemical composition, in terms of % by mass, 0.0100% or less of C, 1.50 to 4.00% of Si, 0.0001 to 1.00% of sol.Al, 0.0100% or less of S, 0.0100% or less of N, 2.50 to 5.00% in total of one or more selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ni and Cu, 0.000 to 1.000% of Co, 0.000 to 0.400% of Sn, Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, p. 15 / 79 10 / 60 0.000 to 0.400% of Sb, 0.000 to 0.400% of P, 0.0000 to 0.0100% in total of one or more selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd, wherein, in terms of % by mass, when [Mn] is defined as a content of Mn, [Ni] is defined as a content of Ni, [Cu] is defined as a content of Cu, [Si] is defined as a content of Si, [sol.Al] is defined as a content of sol.Al and [P] is defined as a content of P, formula (1) below is satisfied and an equilibrium of Fe and impurities; non-oriented electrical steel sheet having an area fraction A411-011 of 15.0% or more, where Ahkluvw is defined as an area fraction of grains that has an orientation {hkl} <uvw>with respect to an entire visual field when a plane that is parallel to a rolled surface and has a depth of 1 / 2 the thickness of the sheet of a surface is measured by SEM-EBSD; non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a magnetic flux density B50D of 1.70 T or more, where B50D is an average of a magnetic flux density in a direction of 45 degrees relative to a rolling direction and a magnetic flux density in a direction of 135 degrees relative to the rolling direction; and non-oriented electrical steel sheet having an iron loss W10D / 400D of 10.4 W / kg or less, where W10D / 400D is an average of an iron loss in a direction of 45 degrees relative to the rolling direction and an iron loss in a direction of 135 degrees relative to the rolling direction: (2 χ [Mn] + 2.5 χ [Ni] + [Cu]) - ([Si] + 2 χ [sol.Al] + 4 χ [P]) > 1.50% ··· (1). Advantageous Effects of the Invention

[0024] According to the above embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to provide a non-oriented electrical steel sheet that has low stress sensitivity and excellent magnetic characteristics in a direction of ±45 degrees relative to the rolling direction (it can simply be referred to as the ±45 direction). Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 16 / 79 11 / 60 degrees); a core manufactured using non-oriented electrical steel sheet; and a rotating electrical machine manufactured using the core. DESCRIPTION OF THE MODALITIES

[0025] Next, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention (non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the embodiment), the core (core according to the embodiment) and the rotating electrical machine (rotating electrical machine according to the embodiment) and preferred manufacturing methods thereof will be described. Non-Oriented Electrical Steel Sheet

[0026] Electrically non-oriented steel sheet, according to the modality, has a predetermined chemical composition; non-oriented electrical steel sheet having an area fraction A411-011 of 15.0% or more, where Ahkl-uvw is defined as the area fraction of grains that have an orientation {hkl} <uvw>with respect to an entire visual field when a plane that is parallel to a laminated surface and has a depth of 1 / 2 the thickness of the sheet of a surface is measured by SEM-EBSD; non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a magnetic flux density B50D of 1.70 T or more, wherein B50D is an average of a magnetic flux density in a direction of 45 degrees relative to a rolling direction and a magnetic flux density in a direction of 135 degrees relative to the rolling direction; and non-oriented electrical steel sheet having an iron loss W10D / 400D of 10.4 W / kg or less, wherein W10D / 400D is an average of an iron loss in a direction of 45 degrees relative to the rolling direction and an iron loss in a direction of 135 degrees relative to the rolling direction.

[0027] On the electrically oriented steel sheet not in accordance with the Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 17 / 79 In the 12 / 60 mode, the rolling direction can be determined by visually observing a rolling mark. The rolling mark can also be observed on the core where the non-oriented electrical steel sheet was processed. Chemical Composition

[0028] First, the chemical composition of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the embodiment will be described. In the following description, %, which is a unit of the content of each element, means % by mass, unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, a numerical range represented by a means a range that includes the numerical values ​​described before and after a as minimum and maximum limits.

[0029] Non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the embodiment has a chemical composition in which the ferrite-austenite transformation (hereinafter, α-γ transformation) can occur up to a certain point (chemical composition in which, even if not all of it is transformed into γ, a certain amount of γ is generated when heated) and includes, as chemical composition, 0.0100% or less of C, 1.50 to 4.00% of Si, 0.0001 to 1.00% of sol.Al, 0.0100% or less of S, 0.0100% or less of N, 2.50 to 5.00% in total of one or more selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ni and Cu, 0.000 to 1.000% of Co, 0.000 to 0.400% of Sn, 0.000 to 0.400% Sb, 0.000 to 0.400% P, 0.0000 to 0.0100% in total of one or more selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn, and Cd, and a balance of Fe and impurities. Furthermore, the quantity of each of Mn, Ni, Cu, Si, Sol.Al, and P satisfies the predetermined conditions described later.Examples of impurities include impurities contained in raw materials, such as ore and scrap metal, and impurities mixed in during the manufacturing process. Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 18 / 79 13 / 60 C: 0.0100% or less

[0030] OC is a precipitated element as a fine carbide. This fine carbide inhibits grain growth, thereby increasing iron loss and causing magnetic aging. Therefore, the lower the C content, the better. This phenomenon is noticeable when the C content is greater than 0.0100%. Therefore, the C content is 0.0100% or less. The C content is preferably 0.0050% or less, and more preferably 0.0025% or less. The minimum limit for C content is not particularly restricted; however, the C content is preferably 0.0005% or more, considering the cost of decarburization treatment during refining. Yes: 1.50 to 4.00%

[0031] Silicon (Si) is an element that increases electrical resistance, reduces eddy current loss, and reduces iron losses. Furthermore, Si increases the yield and improves the workability of the punch in the core. When the Si content is less than 1.50%, these operations and effects cannot be sufficiently achieved. Therefore, the Si content is 1.50% or more.

[0032] On the other hand, when the Si content is greater than 4.00%, the magnetic flux density decreases, the punch's working capacity decreases due to excessive hardness increase, or cold rolling becomes difficult. Therefore, the Si content is 4.00% or less. sol.Al: 0.0001 to 1.00%

[0033] Sol.Al is an element that increases electrical resistance, reduces eddy current loss, and reduces iron losses. Sol.Al is also an element that contributes to improving the relative magnitude of the B50 magnetic flux density compared to the saturation magnetic flux density. In this document, the B50 magnetic flux density is the magnetic flux density in a magnetic field of 5000 A / m. When the sol.Al content is less than Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 19 / 79 14 / 60 that 0.0001%, these effects cannot be sufficiently obtained. Al also has the effect of promoting desulfurization in steelmaking. Therefore, the content of sol.Al is 0.0001% or more. The content of sol.Al is preferably 0.001% or more and, more preferably, 0.10% or more.

[0034] On the other hand, when the sol.Al content is greater than At 1.00%, the magnetic flux density decreases. Therefore, the Al sol content is 1.00% or less. S: 0.0100% or less

[0035] Osyloxide (OS) is not an essential element and, for example, is an element contained in steel as an impurity. OS is precipitated as fine MnS and inhibits recrystallization and grain growth during annealing. Therefore, the lower the S content, the better. This increase in iron loss and decrease in magnetic flux density due to inhibition of recrystallization and grain growth are noticeable when the S content is greater than 0.0100%. Therefore, the S content is 0.0100% or less. The minimum limit for S content is not particularly restricted, however, the S content is preferably 0.0003% or more, considering the cost of desulfurization treatment at the time of refining. N: 0.0100% or less

[0036] NO is an element that deteriorates magnetic characteristics through the formation of fine precipitates, such as TiN and AlN. Therefore, the lower the N content, the better. This deterioration of magnetic characteristics is noticeable when the N content is greater than 0.0100%, and therefore the N content is 0.0100% or less. The minimum limit for N content is not particularly restricted, however, the N content is preferably 0.0010% or more, considering the cost of denitrification treatment at the time of refining. One or more selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ni and Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, p. 20 / 79 15 / 60 Cu: 2.50 to 5.00% of the total

[0037] These elements are required to cause the α-γ transformation. The electrically non-oriented steel sheet according to the embodiment contains at least one of these elements in a total amount of 2.50% or more.

[0038] On the other hand, when the total content of these elements exceeds 5.00%, not only does the cost increase, but the magnetic flux density may also decrease. Therefore, the total content of at least one of these elements is 5.00% or less.

[0039] The content of each of Mn, Ni and Cu is not limited, however, the Mn content is preferably 1.50% or more from the point of view of specific resistance.

[0040] Furthermore, the following conditions are also satisfied as conditions under which the α-γ transformation occurs and good magnetic characteristics are obtained. That is, when [Mn] is defined as a Mn content (% by mass), [Ni] is defined as a Ni content (% by mass), [Cu] is defined as a Cu content (% by mass), [Si] is defined as a Si content (% by mass), [sol.Al] is defined as a sol.Al content (% by mass) and [P] is defined as a P content (% by mass), the formula (1) below is satisfied: (2 χ [Mn] + 2.5 χ [Ni] + [Cu]) - ([Si] + 2 χ [sol.Al] + 4 χ [P]) > 1.50% ··· (1).

[0041] When formula (1) described above is not satisfied, the α-γ transformation does not occur or, even if the α-γ transformation occurs, the transformation point is high, so that a sufficient magnetic flux density is not obtained even if the manufacturing method described below is applied.

[0042] Non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the modality basically includes, as a chemical composition, the above elements and a balance of Fe and impurities (impurities different from those above), however, it may include Co, Sn, Sb, P, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 21 / 79 16 / 60 Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn, and Cd in the following ranges, instead of a portion of Fe in equilibrium. Since these elements are not necessarily contained, the minimum limit is 0%. Furthermore, it is acceptable for these elements not to be added and to be intentionally included as impurities. Co: 0.000 to 1.000%

[0043] Co is an element that increases magnetic flux density. Therefore, Co can be contained as needed.

[0044] On the other hand, when Co is excessively contained, the cost increases. Therefore, the Co content is 1.000% or less. Sn: 0.000 to 0.400%, Sb: 0.000 to 0.400%

[0045] Sn and Sb are elements that improve texture after cold rolling and recrystallization, improving magnetic flux density. Therefore, one or two of these elements may be included as needed. In the case of conferring an additional effect, such as magnetic characteristics, it is preferable to contain one or more selected from the group consisting of 0.020 to 0.400% Sn and 0.020 to 0.400% Sb.

[0046] On the other hand, when these elements are present in excess, the steel becomes brittle. Therefore, the Sn content and the Sb content are both 0.400% or less. P: 0.000 to 0.400%

[0047] OP is an effective element for ensuring the hardness of the steel sheet after recrystallization. OP is also an element with adequate influence on the magnetic characteristics. Therefore, P may be present. In order to obtain these effects, the P content is preferably 0.020% or more.

[0048] On the other hand, when P is contained in excess, the steel becomes brittle. Therefore, the P content is 0.400% or less. One or more selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 22 / 79 17 / 60 Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd: 0.0000 to 0.0100% in total

[0049] Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn, and Cd are elements that react with S in molten steel during casting to generate a sulfide or an oxysulfide, or precipitates of both. Hereafter, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn, and Cd may be collectively referred to as coarse precipitate-forming elements. The grain size of the coarse precipitate-forming element precipitate is about 1 to 2 μm and is much larger than the grain size of fine precipitates such as MnS, TiN, and AlN (about 100 nm). Therefore, these fine precipitates adhere to the coarse precipitate-forming element precipitate, making it difficult to inhibit recrystallization and grain growth in annealing such as intermediate annealing. To achieve these operations and effects sufficiently, these elements are preferably present in a quantity of 0.0005% or more of the total, and more preferably 0.0010% or more.

[0050] On the other hand, when the total amount of these elements exceeds 0.0100%, the total amount of sulfide or oxysulfide, or both, is excessive and recrystallization and grain growth in annealing such as intermediate annealing are inhibited. Therefore, the total amount of the coarse precipitate-forming element is 0.0100% or less.

[0051] The chemical composition is determined using the following method.

[0052] The chemical composition can be measured using a general method of steel analysis. For example, the chemical composition can be measured using ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry). Specifically, the chemical composition is determined by measuring a sample taken from the steel sheet with a predetermined measuring device, under Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 23 / 79 18 / 60 is a condition based on a previously prepared calibration curve. OC and S can be measured using an infrared combustion absorption method, and N can be measured using an inert gas fusion thermal conductivity method.

[0053] When the non-oriented electrical steel sheet has an insulating coating on its surface, the analysis can be performed after the insulating coating has been mechanically removed with a disc grinder or similar. Texture

[0054] The non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the embodiment has a controlled texture when a plane parallel to the rolled surface and with a depth of 1 / 2 the sheet thickness (the position of 1 / 2 the sheet thickness in the direction of the sheet thickness) from the surface (when the surface is provided with an insulating coating, the surface of the steel sheet (base steel sheet) excluding the insulating coating, the same applies hereafter) is measured by a scanning electron microscope with a return electron scattering diffraction function (SEM-EBSD).

[0055] Specifically, when Ahkl-uvw is defined as the area fraction of grains with an orientation {hkl} <uvw>(tolerance within 10°) in relation to the entire visual field obtained in the measurement above, A411-011 (hereinafter, it may be referred to as the {411} ratio) <011> ) is 15.0% or more. When the ratio {411} <011> If the ratio is less than 15.0%, excellent magnetic characteristics cannot be obtained. The ratio {411} <011> It is preferably 25.0% or more, more preferably 30.0% or more, even more preferably 35.0% or more, still more preferably 40.0% or more, or 55.0% or more. The upper limit is not particularly restricted, however, it may be 80.0% or less from the point of view of manufacturing load. Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 24 / 79 19 / 60

[0056] The electrically unoriented steel sheet according to the embodiment preferably exhibits a small percentage of the {111} orientation ({111} orientation). <uvw>The {111} orientation is an orientation that hinders magnetization in the plane, and when the percentage of the {111} orientation (which may be called the {111} ratio) is 10.0% or less, more excellent magnetic characteristics can be obtained. The {111} ratio is preferably 8.0% or less, more preferably 7.0% or less, and even more preferably 5.0% or less. The minimum limit is not particularly restricted, however, it may be 1.0% or more from the point of view of the manufacturing load.

[0057] The area fraction of specifically oriented grains in non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the modality can be measured using the following method. That is, for the area fraction of specifically oriented grains, a specific target orientation is extracted (the tolerance is defined as 10° and hereafter expressed as tolerance within 10°) from a measurement region by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with an electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) function observed under the following measurement conditions using OIM Analysis 7.3 (manufactured by TSL solutions). The extracted area is divided by the area of ​​the measurement region to obtain the percentage. This percentage is defined as the area fraction of specifically oriented grains.

[0058] In this modality, the area fraction of grains with crystalline orientation {hkl} <uvw>(tolerance within 10°) with respect to the measurement region and the area fraction of grains with crystalline orientation {hkl} (tolerance within 10°) with respect to the measurement region can be simply referred to as the {hkl} ratio. <uvw>and the ratio {hkl}, respectively. In the description of the crystal orientation, the tolerance is assumed to be within 10°. Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 25 / 79 20 / 60

[0059] The details of the measurement conditions for determining the area fraction of each orientation grain (Ahkl-uvw) are as follows. • Measuring device: model number SEM JSM6400 (manufactured by JEOL Ltd.), model number EBSD HIKARI detector (manufactured by TSL solutions) or a similar device was used • Step interval: 5.0 μm • Magnification: 100 times • Measurement object: the plane that is parallel to the laminated surface at a depth of 1 / 2 the sheet thickness from the surface • Measurement region: rectangular region of 1000 μm or more χ 1000 μm or more Average Grain Size

[0060] In non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the embodiment, when the grains are not coarsely granulated and the average grain size is too small, there is concern that iron loss may be impaired. On the other hand, when the grains are excessively coarse and the average grain size is too large, not only is the workability impaired, but also eddy current loss may be impaired. Therefore, non-oriented electrical steel sheet preferably has an average grain size of 50 to 150 μm, more preferably 70 to 120 μm.

[0061] The average grain size can be measured, for example, in an arbitrary cross-section using the cutting method according to JIS G0551: 2020. For example, the measurement range is a rectangular region that includes the entirety in the direction of the sheet thickness and 1000 μm or more in the direction orthogonal to the direction of the sheet thickness. Sheet Thickness Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 26 / 79 21 / 60

[0062] The thickness of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the embodiment is not particularly limited. Normally, as the sheet thickness decreases, the iron loss decreases, however, the magnetic flux density decreases. Therefore, when the sheet thickness is 0.20 mm or more, the iron loss is lower and the magnetic flux density is higher. When the sheet thickness is 0.50 mm or less, the iron loss can remain low. Therefore, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the embodiment preferably has a sheet thickness of 0.20 to 0.50 mm and, more preferably, of 0.25 to 0.35 mm. Magnetic Characteristics

[0063] Electrically unoriented steel sheet, according to the modality, is controlled for chemical composition and texture as described above. Regarding its magnetic characteristics, B50D is 1.70 T or more, where B50D is an average of a magnetic flux density of B50 in a direction of 45 degrees relative to the rolling direction and a magnetic flux density of B50 in a direction of 135 degrees relative to the rolling direction; and W10D / 400D is 10.4 W / kg or less, where W10D / 400D is the average of an iron loss of W10 / 400 in a direction of 45 degrees relative to the rolling direction and an iron loss of W10 / 400 in a direction of 135 degrees relative to the rolling direction.

[0064] B50D is preferably 1.73 T or more and, more preferably, 1.76 T or more.

[0065] The W10D / 400D is preferably 10.0 W / kg or less.

[0066] The angle against the rolling direction means the angle formed with the rolling direction on the rolled surface, where the 0 degree direction is the rolling direction (L direction) and the 90 degree direction is the width direction (C direction).

[0067] W10 / 400 is an iron loss under excitation of 1.0 T and Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 27 / 79 22 / 60 400 Hz.

[0068] Magnetic flux density and iron loss can be measured by performing a test in accordance with the Methods for measuring the magnetic properties of electrical steel strip and sheet using a single-plate tester specified in JIS C 2556: 2015. Instead of collecting a test specimen with a size specified in the JIS standard, a test specimen with a smaller size, for example, a test specimen with a width of 55 mm and a length of 55 mm, can be collected and measured in accordance with the test method for magnetic properties of single-plate specified in JIS C 2556: 2015 using a corresponding small single-plate tester.When a test specimen with a width of 55 mm and a length of 55 mm cannot be collected, two test specimens with a width of 8 mm and a length of 16 mm can be used as a single test specimen with a width of 16 mm and a length of 16 mm and measured according to the test method for magnetic properties of a single sheet.

[0069] In general, the magnetic characteristics of a non-oriented electrical steel sheet are often evaluated as the average value of the steel sheet's rolling direction (the longitudinal direction of the coil, direction L) and its vertical direction (the width direction of the coil, direction C). This is to account for in-plane anisotropy, and many proposed conventional non-oriented electrical steel sheets exhibit low magnetic anisotropy. However, these conventional non-oriented electrical steel sheets are often inferior in terms of magnetic properties in the ±45-degree direction relative to the rolling direction (oblique direction of the coil) compared to the two directions (directions L and C). Therefore, there is a problem in using a split core designed so that the principal magnetization direction of the core is a ±45-degree direction. Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 28 / 79 23 / 60 degrees relative to the rolling direction of the steel sheet.

[0070] On the other hand, electrically non-oriented steel sheet in the modality has excellent magnetic characteristics in the 45-degree direction and in the 135-degree direction (i.e., the ±45-degree direction relative to the rolling direction), as described above.

[0071] Therefore, the electrically unoriented steel sheet in accordance with the embodiment is particularly suitable for use as a split core designed so that the main magnetization direction of the core is a direction of ±45 degrees relative to the rolling direction of the steel sheet and is also suitable for a split core or similar of a traction motor of an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle applied to a high frequency range of 1000 Hz or more.

[0072] When B50L(T) is defined as the average of a magnetic flux density B50(T) in a direction of 0 degrees relative to the rolling direction and a magnetic flux density B50(T) in the direction of 90 degrees relative to the rolling direction, B50D and B50L preferably satisfy formula (2) below. In this case, it is more suitable for the use described above. B50D / B50L > 1.05 ··· (2).

[0073] The electrically non-oriented steel sheet, according to the modality, is controlled with respect to chemical composition and texture as described above, so that the deterioration of magnetic characteristics (stress sensitivity) is small when compressive stress acts.

[0074] Stress sensitivity can be assessed, for example, by a rate of deterioration of iron loss calculated from an unstressed W10 / 50 iron loss (45° direction) and a W10 / 50 iron loss (45° direction) under a compressive stress of 10 MPa. Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 29 / 79 24 / 60 Core (Iron Core)

[0075] The core according to the embodiment is made of non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the embodiment, specifically, made of a plurality of rolled non-oriented electrical steel sheets according to the embodiment that have been processed into a predetermined shape.

[0076] Since the characteristics described above for non-oriented electrical steel sheet are not altered by processing, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet that constitutes the core has the same characteristics as the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the embodiment described above. Specifically, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet includes, as chemical composition, in terms of % by mass, 0.0100% or less of C, 1.50 to 4.00% of Si, 0.0001 to 1.00% of sol.Al, 0.0100% or less of S, 0.0100% or less of N, 2.50 to 5.00% in total of one or more selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ni and Cu, 0.000 to 1.000% of Co, 0.000 to 0.400% of Sn, 0.000 to 0.400% of Sb, 0.000 to 0.400% of P, 0.0000 to 0.0100% in total of one or more selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd, wherein, in terms of % by mass, when [Mn] is defined as a content of Mn, [Ni] is defined as a content of Ni, [Cu] is defined as a content of Cu, [Si] is defined as a content of Si, [sol.Al] is defined as a content of sol.Al and [P] is defined as a content of P, a formula (1) below is satisfied and an equilibrium of Fe and impurities; the non-oriented electrical steel sheet having an area fraction A411-011 of 15.0% or more, where Ahkl-uvw is defined as the area fraction of grains that have an orientation {hkl}. <uvw>with respect to an entire visual field when a plane that is parallel to a laminated surface and has a depth of 1 / 2 the thickness of the sheet of a surface is measured by SEM-EBSD; the non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 30 / 79 25 / 60 magnetic flux density B50D of 1.70 T or more, wherein B50D is an average of a magnetic flux density in a direction of 45 degrees relative to a rolling direction and a magnetic flux density in a direction of 135 degrees relative to the rolling direction; and non-oriented electrical steel sheet having an iron loss W10D / 400D of 10.4 W / kg or less, wherein W10D / 400D is the average of the iron loss in a direction of 45 degrees relative to the rolling direction and the iron loss in a direction of 135 degrees relative to the rolling direction: (2 χ [Mn] + 2.5 χ [Ni] + [Cu]) - ([Si] + 2 χ [sol.Al] + 4 χ [P]) > 1.50% ··· (1).

[0077] For example, the core according to the embodiment is a split core of a traction motor of an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.

[0078] The core (iron core) according to the embodiment includes both the core of a stator (stator core) and the core of a rotor (rotor core). Rotating Electric Machine

[0079] The rotating electric machine according to the embodiment includes: a stator; a rotor disposed on an inner peripheral side of the stator; and a housing that is in close contact with the stator from an outer peripheral side of the stator and secures the stator, wherein at least one of the stator and the rotor has the core according to the embodiment.

[0080] Even after the stator and / or rotor core is incorporated into the rotating electrical machine, its characteristics do not change. Therefore, the stator and / or rotor core included in the rotating electrical machine according to the embodiment exhibits the same characteristics as the non-oriented electrical steel sheet that constitutes the core according to the embodiment described above.

[0081] For example, the rotating electric machine according to the Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 31 / 79 26 / 60 mode is a traction motor for an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.

[0082] When the rotating electric machine according to the embodiment is a traction motor, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet, according to the embodiment, which has low stress sensitivity and excellent magnetic characteristics in a direction of ±45 degrees relative to the rolling direction, is used as the core, thereby achieving a reduction in motor losses. In particular, when the core is designed so that the main magnetization direction of the core is a direction of ±45° relative to the rolling direction of the steel sheet, or when non-oriented electrical steel sheets are rolled to obtain a rolled core and caulked to obtain a caulked core, the effect is noticeable.

[0083] When the chemical composition, texture, and magnetic characteristics of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet that constitutes the core included in the rotating electrical machine are evaluated, the rotating electrical machine is disassembled by means of a known method to remove the core, and a non-oriented electrical steel sheet is removed from the core; then the evaluation test can be carried out in the same manner as on the non-oriented electrical steel sheet described above.

[0084] Although the detailed method of disassembling the rotating electric machine differs for each actual rotating electric machine, for example, first, the rotating electric machine is removed from the machine, including the rotating electric machine. Then, a part of the casing (enclosure) of the rotating electric machine is removed by machining. Then, the stator and rotor are separated. When there is a permanent magnet in the rotor at this point, it is desirable to insert a spacer, such as a plastic plate, between the stator and the rotor, Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 32 / 79 27 / 60 once the magnetic attraction force is generated. Then, the stator is removed from the casing. Since the stator has windings, the windings are removed or partially cut. Excluding a steel plate on top of the stator lamination or a steel plate that was damaged when the winding was cut, a sample is collected from other locations. In many cases, the lamination is fixed by caulking or welding. In the case of caulking, it is possible to strip the lamination, for example, by inserting a cutting blade into an opening between the stacked steel plates. In the case of welding, it is possible to strip the lamination by cutting a welded part with a hand grinder or similar.

[0085] The rotor generally has one end of the coil made of a material other than electrical steel sheet. Therefore, the rotor is separated into two by machining using a non-magnetic blade near the longitudinal center of the rotor. Then, the blade is stripped in the same way as the stator described above. At this point, it is desirable to remove a portion affected by machining. Manufacturing Method

[0086] Next, an example of each of the manufacturing methods of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the embodiment, of the core according to the embodiment, and of the rotating electrical machine according to the embodiment will be described. For conditions and steps not described, known conditions may be applied.

[0087] Electrically unoriented steel sheet, according to the modality, can achieve the effect, provided it exhibits the above characteristics, regardless of the manufacturing method. However, the manufacturing method as described below, including a hot rolling step, a cooling step, a cold rolling step, an intermediate annealing step, a second cold rolling (hereinafter, pass rolling step of Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 33 / 79 28 / 60 work hardening) and a final annealing step is preferable, since the effect is obtained in a stable manner.

[0088] The preferred conditions for each stage will be described. For conditions that are not described, known conditions may apply.

[0089] Next, in the modality, as temperature Ar3, temperature Ar1 and temperature Ac1 (all in a unit of °C), those obtained by means of the following methods are used.

[0090] Temperature Ar3 and temperature Ar1 are determined from the variation in the thermal expansion of the steel material (steel plate) during cooling at an average cooling rate of 1°C / s. Temperature Ac1 is determined from the variation in the thermal expansion of the steel material (steel plate) during heating at an average heating rate of 1°C / s. The average cooling rate and the average heating rate are average values ​​in the range of ambient temperature to 1200°C. Hot Rolling Stage

[0091] In the hot rolling stage, hot rolling is performed on a steel material that meets the chemical composition described above to manufacture a hot-rolled steel sheet. The hot rolling stage includes a heating process and a rolling process.

[0092] The steel material is, for example, a slab manufactured by normal continuous casting, and the steel material with the composition described above is manufactured by a known method. For example, molten steel is manufactured in a converter, an electric furnace, or similar. The manufactured molten steel is secondarily refined by degassing equipment or similar to obtain molten steel with the above chemical composition (the chemical composition does not change substantially in subsequent steps). A slab is Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 34 / 79 29 / 60 cast by means of a continuous casting method or by means of an ingot production method using cast steel. Roughing rolling of the cast slab may be performed.

[0093] In the heating process, it is preferable to heat the steel material with the chemical composition described above to a temperature of 1000 to 1200°C. Specifically, the steel material is loaded into a heating furnace or an immersion furnace and heated in the furnace. The holding time at the heating temperature in the heating furnace or immersion furnace is not particularly limited, being, for example, from 30 to 200 hours.

[0094] In the rolling process, multi-pass rolling is performed on heated steel material in the heating process to manufacture a hot-rolled steel sheet. A pass means that the steel sheet passes through a rolling mill with a pair of work rolls and is subjected to rolling. Hot rolling can be performed, for example, by tandem rolling using a tandem mill that includes a plurality of rolling mills (each rolling mill has a pair of work rolls) positioned in line to perform multi-pass rolling, or by reverse rolling with a pair of work rolls to perform multi-pass rolling. From a productivity standpoint, it is preferable to perform a plurality of rolling passes using a tandem mill.

[0095] The rolling in the rolling process (roughing and finishing rolling) is preferably carried out at a temperature in the γ region (Ar3 temperature or higher). That is, it is preferable to carry out hot rolling so that the temperature at the time of the final finishing roll pass (finishing roll temperature FT (°C)) is equal to or greater than the Ar3 temperature. Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 35 / 79 30 / 60

[0096] Finish rolling temperature FT means the surface temperature (°C) of the steel sheet at the exit of the rolling mill, where the final pass rolling is performed in the hot rolling process. The finish rolling temperature FT can be measured, for example, by a non-contact type thermometer installed at the exit of the rolling mill, where the final pass rolling is performed. The finish rolling temperature FT means, for example, that an average value of the temperature measurement results in the central portion in the width direction of the sheet, where the total length of the steel sheet is divided equally into 10 sections in the rolling direction to obtain 10 sections, and one section at the front end and one section at the rear end are excluded. Cooling Stage

[0097] In the cooling stage, the steel sheet (hot-rolled steel sheet) after the hot rolling stage (after completion of the finishing rolling) is cooled. By transforming austenite into ferrite through this cooling, moderately fine grains with high deformation are obtained. As cooling conditions, it is preferable that cooling be initiated 0.10 seconds or more after the final pass of the finishing rolling (after 0.10 seconds or more) and that cooling be carried out so that the surface temperature of the hot-rolled steel sheet reaches 300°C or more and the temperature Ar1 or less after 3 seconds (without performing immediate rapid cooling). In this way, by avoiding immediate rapid cooling, a special rapid cooling device becomes unnecessary, which is also advantageous in terms of manufacturing (costs).Furthermore, through immediate rapid cooling, the texture of the hot-rolled steel sheet becomes a microstructure in which non-recrystallized austenite is transformed. Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 36 / 79 31 / 60 tends to become a developed texture in the {100} orientation. <011> as the microstructure after the final annealing to be performed later. On the other hand, when immediate rapid cooling is not performed, it is assumed that the texture of the hot-rolled steel sheet becomes a microstructure in which partially recrystallized austenite is transformed and is easily developed in the {411} orientation. <011> such as the microstructure after the subsequent final annealing. That is, to increase the {411} ratio. <011> It is important to transform the partially recrystallized austenite, and it is preferable not to perform immediate rapid cooling.

[0098] The cooling condition is preferably defined so that the average grain size of the hot-rolled steel sheet before cold rolling is 3 to 10 μm. When the grain size is adequate and not excessively refined and cold rolling is subsequently carried out, α fibers are developed after intermediate annealing; and after the subsequent work hardening pass and final annealing, the orientation {411} <011> , which is normally less likely to develop, can be developed. On the other hand, when the grains are excessively coarse, the α fiber hardly develops after cold rolling and intermediate annealing, and the {411} ratio <011> The desired outcome may not be achieved.

[0099] To define the average grain size in hot-rolled steel sheet between 3 and 10 μm before cold rolling, the temperature can be adjusted to temperature Ar1 or lower within 3 seconds after passing through the final pass of the finishing roll. On the other hand, when the cooling stop temperature is lower than 300°C, there is concern that the average grain size in the hot-rolled steel sheet will be excessively refined. Therefore, the cooling stop temperature... Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 37 / 79 32 / 60 to is preferably 300°C or higher.

[00100] The temperature of the hot-rolled steel sheet (especially the finishing rolling temperature) and the surface temperature of the hot-rolled steel sheet 3 seconds after passing through the final finishing rolling pass are measured using the following method.

[00101] When a hot rolling equipment line used to manufacture a non-oriented electrical steel sheet includes: a cooling device and a conveyor line (e.g., a conveyor roll) disposed downstream of a hot rolling mill; a thermometer for measuring the surface temperature of a hot-rolled steel sheet disposed on the exit side of a rolling mill bed to perform a final pass in the hot rolling mill; and also a plurality of thermometers disposed on the conveyor roll disposed downstream of the rolling mill bed along the conveyor line, the hot rolling temperature and the surface temperature of the hot-rolled steel sheet 3 seconds after passing through the final pass of the finishing rolling can be measured by the thermometers disposed on the hot rolling equipment line.

[00102] Cooling is carried out by means of a cooling device disposed downstream of the rolling mill bench where the final pass is performed. A plurality of water cooling devices is usually disposed of, and a thermometer is disposed of on the inlet side of each water cooling device. The cooling device may be, for example, a well-known water cooling device or a well-known forced air cooling device. Preferably, the cooling device is a water cooling device. The cooling fluid of the water cooling device may be water or a mixed fluid of water and air. Cold Rolling Stage. Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 38 / 79 33 / 60

[00103] In the cold rolling stage, hot-rolled steel sheet is subjected to cold rolling to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet. The hot-rolled steel sheet is preferably not subjected to hot band annealing before the cold rolling stage in order to develop the α fiber after cold rolling. The hot band annealing mentioned in this document means, for example, a heat treatment in which the heating temperature is Ac1 or lower and 300°C or higher.

[00104] Cold rolling can be performed, for example, by tandem rolling using a tandem mill which includes a plurality of rolling benches (each rolling bench has a pair of work rolls) arranged in line to perform rolling in multiple passes. Alternatively, reverse rolling can be performed by a Sendzimir mill or similar, with a pair of work rolls to perform rolling in one or multiple passes. From a productivity standpoint, it is preferable to perform rolling in multiple passes using a tandem mill.

[00105] In cold rolling, cold rolling is performed without performing an annealing treatment in between the cold rolling passes. For example, when reverse rolling is performed and multiple-pass cold rolling is performed, multiple-pass cold rolling is performed without the interposition of an annealing treatment between the cold rolling passes.When annealing is performed between passes, a desired orientation cannot be developed in the steps described later.

[00106] Cold rolling can be performed in just one pass using a reverse-type rolling mill. When cold rolling is performed using a tandem-type rolling mill, cold rolling is performed continuously in a plurality of passes (passes on each rolling mill bed). Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 39 / 79 34 / 60

[00107] In this embodiment, to develop the α fiber, the RR1 rolling reduction (%) in cold rolling is preferably 75 to 95%. The RR1 rolling reduction is more preferably 78 to 92%. The RR1 rolling reduction is defined as follows.

[00108] Reduction by rolling RR1 (%) = (1- sheet thickness after final pass rolling in cold rolling / sheet thickness before first pass rolling in cold rolling) χ 100 Intermediate Annealing Stage

[00109] In the intermediate annealing stage, the steel sheet after the cold rolling stage (cold-rolled steel sheet) is subjected to intermediate annealing.

[00110] More specifically, annealing by raising the temperature (heating) to an annealing temperature (intermediate annealing temperature T1) (°C) of 600°C to temperature Ac1 or less at a temperature increase rate of 400°C / sec or more is performed.

[00111] Steel sheet having a predetermined chemical composition is subjected to a combination of intermediate annealing step, work-hardening pass rolling step and subsequent final annealing step under appropriate conditions so that A411-011 can be improved.

[00112] When the rate of temperature rise to the annealing temperature is less than 400°C / s, there is concern that insufficient recovery will occur and the desired texture cannot be obtained. More preferably, the rate of temperature rise is 600°C / s or more or 1000°C / s or more. From the point of view of reducing the percentage of {111} orientation, which is disadvantageous for magnetic characteristics, the rate of temperature rise to the annealing temperature is preferably higher. Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, p. 40 / 79 35 / 60

[00113] On the other hand, the faster the rate of temperature increase, the more preferable it is for texture formation. However, if a rate of temperature increase greater than 2000°C / s is obtained, the cost increases considerably, since a special device or control is required and, therefore, the rate of temperature increase can be 2000°C / s or less, more preferably 1500°C / s or less.

[00114] The rate of temperature increase is calculated by dividing the temperature change from ambient temperature (e.g., 25°C) to the annealing temperature by the time required for the temperature increase.

[00115] Furthermore, when the annealing temperature of the intermediate annealing exceeds the Ac1 temperature, a portion of the microstructure of the steel sheet may be transformed into austenite, the transformation accompanied by a change in crystal orientation and thus the oriented grains {411} <011> They do not grow sufficiently during the cold pass lamination and subsequent final annealing, failing to achieve a high magnetic flux density.

[00116] On the other hand, if the intermediate annealing temperature is too low, recrystallization may not occur and the oriented grains {411} <011> They do not grow sufficiently during the subsequent cold pass rolling and final annealing, making it impossible to obtain a high magnetic flux density. Therefore, the intermediate annealing temperature T1 (°C) is preferably 600°C or higher.

[00117] The intermediate annealing temperature T1 (°C) is a sheet temperature (surface temperature) near the extraction opening of the annealing furnace.

[00118] The holding time at the intermediate annealing temperature T1 (°C) in the intermediate annealing step can be Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 41 / 79 36 / 60 is a time well known to those skilled in the art. The holding time at the intermediate annealing temperature T1 (°C) is, for example, from 5 to 60 seconds, but it is not limited to that.

[00119] Furthermore, the atmosphere at the time of intermediate annealing is not particularly limited and, for example, an atmospheric gas (drying) containing 20% ​​H2 by volume and N2 as the remainder is used. The cooling rate of the steel sheet after intermediate annealing is not particularly limited and is, for example, from 5.0 to 60.0°C / s. Skin Pass Lamination Stage

[00120] In the cold pass rolling stage, the cold-rolled steel sheet, after the intermediate annealing stage, is subjected to rolling (cold rolling) at ambient temperature and in air. Cold pass rolling uses, for example, a reverse rolling mill, typified by the Sendzimir mill described above, or a tandem rolling mill.

[00121] In the cold pass rolling stage, rolling is performed without an intermediate annealing treatment. For example, when reverse rolling is performed and cold pass rolling is performed in a plurality of passes, rolling is performed in a plurality of passes without interposing an annealing treatment between passes. Cold pass rolling can be performed in just one pass using a reverse-type rolling mill. When cold pass rolling is performed using a tandem-type rolling mill, rolling is performed continuously in a plurality of passes (passes on each rolling mill bed).

[00122] In this embodiment, after a deformation is introduced into the steel sheet by hot rolling and by cold rolling, the deformation introduced into the steel sheet is temporarily reduced by Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 42 / 79 37 / 60 intermediate annealing medium. Then, the cold rolling pass is performed. As a result, by performing the intermediate annealing and reducing the excessive deformation introduced by cold rolling in the intermediate annealing, preferably, the {111} grains are prevented from recrystallizing on the surface of the steel sheet and the {411} grains <011> The grains oriented towards the crystal remain. Then, an appropriate amount of deformation is introduced into each grain of the steel sheet during the cold rolling pass, and grain growth by bulging is easily generated in the final annealing of the next step.

[00123] The reduction by rolling (RR2) in the cold-rolling pass is preferably 10 to 15%. When the reduction by rolling (RR2) is less than 10%, the deformation becomes very small and the final annealing time required for grain growth by bulging becomes long. On the other hand, when the reduction by rolling (RR2) exceeds 15%, the deformation becomes very large, normal grain growth occurs instead of bulging and {411} <148> or {111} <112> It grows through final annealing.

[00124] Here, the RR2 rolling reduction is defined as follows.

[00125] Reduction by rolling RR2 (%) = (1- sheet thickness after final pass rolling in cold pass rolling / sheet thickness before first pass rolling in cold pass rolling) χ 100

[00126] The number of passes in cold pass rolling can be just one pass (i.e., only one rolling is performed) or it can be a multi-pass rolling.

[00127] The cold pass rolling performed in this mode exhibits a significantly different effect from the cold pass rolling performed after final annealing. When performing Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 43 / 79 38 / 60 hot rolling, cooling, cold rolling, intermediate annealing, work-hardening pass rolling and final annealing in this order, under predetermined conditions, a predetermined microstructure can be obtained. Final Annealing Stage

[00128] In the final annealing stage, the steel sheet, after the cold-rolling pass, is annealed by maintaining the steel sheet at an annealing temperature T2 (°C) of 850°C or more and a temperature Ac1 or less for 2 hours or more. When the final annealing temperature T2 (°C) is 850°C or more, grain growth by bulging is promoted and the degree of development in the {411} orientation <011> It can be improved. When T2 is less than 850°C, there is concern that grain growth will be insufficient.

[00129] Traditionally, final annealing has often been carried out at around 750°C. This is because it is considered that the effect is not enhanced and the cost increases even with the further increase in temperature. On the other hand, the present inventors have discovered that the conditions of intermediate annealing (such as rapid heating) and the conditions of cold pass rolling are combined, thus increasing the annealing temperature to enhance the degree of texture development and further enhance the magnetic characteristics.

[00130] On the other hand, when the final annealing temperature T2 (°C) exceeds the temperature Ac1, a portion of the microstructure of the steel sheet is transformed into austenite, grain growth due to bulging does not occur and the proportion {411} <011> The desired outcome cannot be achieved.

[00131] Furthermore, in a case where the annealing time is less than 2 hours, even if the final annealing temperature Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 44 / 79 39 / 60 If T2 (°C) is 850°C or higher and the Ac1 temperature is lower, grain growth due to bulging does not occur sufficiently, and there is concern that the degree of development of the {411} orientation is impaired. <011> Decrease.

[00132] On the other hand, the annealing time for the final annealing is not particularly limited and can be 10 hours or less, since the effect is saturated even if the annealing time exceeds 10 hours.

[00133] The rate of temperature increase TR2 to the final annealing temperature T2 in the final annealing step can be any rate of temperature increase known to those skilled in the art. 40°C / hour or more and less than 200°C / hour are exemplified, however, the present invention is not limited to this range.

[00134] The rate of increase of temperature TR2 is determined by the following method.

[00135] A steel sheet with the above chemical composition, subjected to hot rolling and a work hardening pass, is fixed with a thermocouple to obtain a sample steel sheet. The thermocouple-fixed sample steel sheet is subjected to a temperature increase, and the time from the start of the temperature increase until reaching the final annealing temperature T2 is measured. The rate of temperature increase TR2 is determined based on the measured time.

[00136] The atmosphere during the final annealing stage is not particularly limited. The atmosphere in the final annealing stage can be, for example, a (dry) gaseous atmosphere containing 20% ​​H2 by volume and N2 as the remainder, an atmosphere with 100% hydrogen (H2), or similar. The cooling rate of the steel sheet after final annealing is not particularly limited. The cooling rate is, for example, 5 to 20°C / s. Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 45 / 79 40 / 60

[00137] When a core is formed from non-oriented electrical steel sheet, the steel sheet is punched and / or rolled. The steel sheet can be punched and / or rolled after the final annealing step or after the cold pass rolling step and before the final annealing step.

[00138] When the steel sheet is punched and / or rolled before the final annealing step, the final annealing (annealing time of 2 hours or more at an annealing temperature of 850°C or higher and Ac1 temperature or lower) can also be performed as stress relief annealing (in other words, stress relief annealing can be replaced by final annealing and performed under the same conditions as final annealing).

[00139] In the manufacturing method of non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the modality, for example, shot blasting and / or pickling can be carried out after the cooling stage and before the cold rolling stage in the manufacturing stage. In shot blasting, the steel sheet after hot rolling is subjected to shot blasting to break and remove the scale formed on the surface of the steel sheet after hot rolling. In pickling, the steel sheet after hot rolling is subjected to a pickling treatment. In the pickling treatment, for example, an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid is used as a pickling bath. The scale formed on the surface of the steel sheet is removed by pickling. After the cooling stage and before the cold rolling stage, shot blasting can be carried out, followed by pickling.Furthermore, after the cooling stage and before the cold rolling stage, pickling can be performed without shot blasting. After the cooling stage and before the cold rolling stage, shot blasting can be performed without performing... Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 46 / 79 41 / 60 zar pickling treatment. Shot blasting and pickling are optional steps. Therefore, neither the shot blasting nor pickling steps can be performed. Insulating Coating Formation Stage

[00140] In the manufacturing method of an electrical steel sheet according to the embodiment, an insulating coating may additionally be formed on the surface of the steel sheet after final annealing (non-oriented electrical steel sheet) by applying the coating after the final annealing step. The insulating coating formation step is an optional step. Therefore, the coating is not necessarily performed after final annealing.

[00141] The type of insulating coating is not particularly limited. The insulating coating may be an organic component or an inorganic component and may contain both an organic and an inorganic component. The inorganic component is, for example, based on dichromic acid-boric acid, based on phosphoric acid, based on silica or similar. The organic component is, for example, a common acrylic resin, a styrene acrylic resin, a silicon acrylic resin, a silicon resin, a polyester resin, an epoxy resin or a fluorine resin. Considering coating capacity, a preferred resin is an emulsion-type resin. An insulating coating that exerts adhesive capacity by heating and / or pressurization may be applied. The insulating coating with adhesive capacity is, for example, an acrylic resin, a phenolic resin, an epoxy resin or a melamine resin.

[00142] The core according to the embodiment is obtained as follows: the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the embodiment obtained by the above method is used as the material and subjected to a working step and / or an annealing (stress relief) step, as required. Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 47 / 79 42 / 60

[00143] For example, when the non-oriented electrical steel sheet has not been punched and / or rolled before the final annealing step, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet is punched into a predetermined shape and a plurality of sheets is rolled and then stress relief annealing is performed instead of final annealing so that the core can be obtained.

[00144] The punching condition is not particularly limited. For example, using a progressive die, the core can be manufactured completely before the subsequent lamination step.

[00145] The method of fastening during lamination is also not limited. Examples include methods such as caulking, bonding, and welding.

[00146] When stress relief annealing is performed instead of final annealing, the annealing is performed by maintaining an annealing temperature of 850°C or more and an Ac1 temperature or less for 2 hours or more.

[00147] On the other hand, when non-oriented electrical steel sheet is punched and / or rolled to have the core shape before the final annealing step, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet after the final annealing step can be used as is as the core.

[00148] Furthermore, the rotating electric machine according to the embodiment can be obtained as follows: the core according to the embodiment is wound with wire to obtain a rotor or a stator and then combined with another rotor or stator; and the rotor and stator pair is fixed by a housing. EXAMPLES

[00149] Next, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples. The following examples are merely illustrative of the sheet. Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 48 / 79 43 / 60 non-oriented electrical steel according to the embodiment of the present invention and the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[00150] An ingot with the chemical composition shown in Table 1 (the unit is % by mass and the remainder is Fe and impurities) was produced by casting cast steel. In Table 1, the Left side of the formula represents the value of the left side of formula (1) described above. In addition, the Total of coarse precipitate-forming elements, such as Mg, represents the total of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn, and Cd.

[00151] No. 8 was a type of component in which α was stable and the α-γ transformation did not occur.

[00152] This prepared ingot was heated to 1150°C, held for 1 hour, and then subjected to hot rolling to perform the finishing rolling, so that the finishing rolling temperature FT was that shown in Table 2.

[00153] After completion of hot rolling (after passing through the final pass), the time until the start of cooling was defined as shown in Table 2 and the cooling was carried out so that the temperature of the steel sheet 3 seconds after the start of cooling was the temperature shown in Table 2.

[00154] The hot-rolled steel sheet thus obtained was not subjected to hot band annealing, the scale was removed by pickling and cold rolling was carried out with a roll reduction RR1 shown in Table 2.

[00155] Next, intermediate annealing was performed by heating the steel sheet to an intermediate annealing temperature T1, shown in Table 2, at a temperature rise rate shown in Table 2, in an atmosphere composed of Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 49 / 79 44 / 60 20% hydrogen and 80% nitrogen by volume percentage, followed by holding at T1 for 30 seconds. After holding, the steel plate was cooled to 50°C or less at an average cooling rate of 20.0°C / s.

[00156] The cold-rolled steel sheet after intermediate annealing was subjected to a work-hardening pass rolling with a rolling reduction RR2 shown in Table 2.

[00157] Next, the steel sheet, after the cold-rolling pass, was subjected to final annealing at a temperature rise rate of 100°C / hour and a final annealing temperature T2, as shown in Table 2, in a 100% hydrogen atmosphere. At this point, the holding time at the final annealing temperature T2 was 2 hours.

[00158] A non-oriented electrical steel sheet was prepared as described above. However, No. 7 broke into two sheets during cold rolling and therefore subsequent steps were not performed.

[00159] To investigate the texture of the obtained non-oriented electrical steel sheet, a portion of the steel sheet was cut to collect a test specimen, and the test specimen was subjected to thickness reduction processing to reduce the surface thickness to 1 / 2 the thickness.

[00160] The plane that is parallel to the laminated surface and with a depth of 1 / 2 the thickness of the sheet from the surface, which was exposed by reducing the thickness of the test specimen, was used as the measurement plane and the proportion {411} <011> and the ratio {111} were measured by SEM-EBSD under the conditions described above.

[00161] The measurement plan was subjected to the cutting method according to the JIS G0551 (2020) standard, thus measuring the average grain size. Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 50 / 79 45 / 60

[00162] The magnetic characteristics of the obtained non-oriented electrical steel sheet were measured as follows. Magnetic Flux Density

[00163] A sample for the single-sheet magnetic properties test method, with a square size of 55 mm (width 55 mm χ length 55 mm), was collected as a measurement sample in two directions of 0° and 45° relative to the rolling direction. Then, for these two types of samples, the magnetic flux density B50 was determined at 0°, 45°, 90° and 135° relative to the rolling direction, according to the JISC2556 (2015) standard.

[00164] The average magnetic flux density at 45° and 135° relative to the rolling direction was defined as B50D and the average magnetic flux density at 0° and 90° relative to the rolling direction was defined as B50L. Iron Loss Rate and Iron Loss Deterioration

[00165] For the W10 / 400 iron loss, the measurement sample collected at 45° to the rolling direction was used and the iron loss was determined at 45° and 135° to the rolling direction according to JISC2556 (2015) standard and the average of these was defined as W10D / 400D.

[00166] Furthermore, regarding the proportion of iron loss deterioration Wx [%] of iron loss W10 / 50 under compressive stress, the proportion of iron loss deterioration Wx was calculated from the following formula, where the iron loss W10 / 50 (45° direction) under no stress was defined as W10 / 50(0) and the iron loss W10 / 50 (45° direction) under a compressive stress of 10 MPa was defined as W10 / 50(10). Wx = {W10 / 50(10) - W10 / 50(0)} / W10 / 50(0)

[00167] When the rate of deterioration of iron loss of W10 / 50 Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 51 / 79 46 / 60 under compressive stress in the 45° direction relative to the rolling direction was 40% or less, it was determined that the rate of deterioration of iron loss (stress sensitivity) was low. Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 52 / 79 Table 1 Item Chemical Composition (equilibrium: Fe and impurities) No. C Si sol, Al SN Mn Ni Cu Total Mn, Ni, Cu Co Sn Sb P Total coarse precipitate-forming element, such as Mg Left side of formula [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] 1 0.0018 2.50 0.005 0.0018 0.0011 3.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.020 0.000 3.41 2 0.0012 2.40 0.12 0.0015 0.0014 2.80 0.20 0.00 3.00 0.000 0.030 0.010 0.010 0.004 3.42 3 0.0009 2.50 0.80 0.0008 0.0008 4.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.000 0.000 0.110 0.100 0.000 3.50 4 0.0012 2.00 0.50 0.0015 0.0014 2.60 0.00 0.15 2.75 0.000 0.150 0.000 0.010 0.000 2.31 5 0.0013 3.10 0.30 0.0021 0.0011 3.50 0.00 0.00 3.50 0.200 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 3.30 6 0.0012 1.00 0.60 0.0015 0.0014 2.50 0.00 0.00 2.50 0.000 0.150 0.000 0.010 0.000 2.76 7 0.0012 3.50 0.80 0.0015 0.0014 5.20 0.00 0.00 5.20 0.000 0.150 0.000 0.010 0.000 526 8 0.0018 2.50 0.30 0.0018 0.0011 2.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.020 0.000 0.82 9 0.0018 2.50 0.005 0.0018 0.0011 3.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.020 0.000 3.41 10 0.0018 2.50 0.005 0.0018 0.0011 3.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.020 0.000 3.41 09 / ZÍ7 Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, p. 53 / 79 Item Chemical Composition (equilibrium: Fe and impurities) No. C Si sol, Al SN Mn Ni Cu Total Mn, Ni, Cu Co Sn Sb P Total coarse precipitate-forming element, such as Mg Left side of formula [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] [% by mass] 11 0.0009 2.50 0.80 0.0008 0.0008 4.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.000 0.000 0.110 0.100 0.000 3.50 12 0.0022 3.43 0.02 0.0042 0.0023 3.70 0.00 0.00 3.70 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.006 0.005 3.91 13 0.0022 3.43 0.02 0.0042 0.0023 3.70 0.00 0.00 3.70 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.006 0.005 3.91 14 0.0022 3.43 0.02 0.0042 0.0023 3.70 0.00 0.00 3.70 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.006 0.005 3.91 15 0.0018 2.50 0.005 0.0018 0.0011 3.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.020 0.000 3.41 16 0.0018 2.50 0.005 0.0018 0.0011 3.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.020 0.000 3.41 17 0.0013 3.10 0.30 0.0021 0.0011 3.50 0.00 0.00 3.50 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.100 0.000 2.90 18 0.0013 3.10 0.30 0.0021 0.0011 3.50 0.00 0.00 3.50 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.100 0.000 2.90 19 0.0009 2.50 0.80 0.0008 0.0008 4.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 3.90 20 0.0018 2.00 0.50 0.0022 0.0014 2.60 0.00 0.15 2.75 0.000 0.150 0.050 0.010 0.000 2.31 48 / 60 Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 54 / 79 Table 2 Item Transformation Point Hot Rolling Stage Cold Rolling Stage Intermediate Annealing Stage Cold Rolling Stage Final Annealing Stage Evaluation No. Point Ar3 Point Ar1 Point Ac1 Final Rolling Temperature FT Time from Final Pass to Cooling Temperature after 3 s Cooling Rolling Reduction RR1 Temperature Rise Rate before T1 Intermediate Annealing Temperature T1 Cold Rolling Reduction RR2 Final Annealing Temperature T2 [°C] [°C] [°C] [°C] s [°C] [%] [°C / s] [°C] [%] [°C] 1 812 779 932 950 0.10 700 91 1000 700 13 850 Example of the Invention 2 809 777 929 950 0.50 400 91 1200 700 13 850 Example of the Invention 49 / 60 Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 55 / 79 Item Transformation Point Hot Rolling Stage Cold Rolling Stage Intermediate Annealing Stage Cold Rolling Stage Final Annealing Stage Evaluation No. Point Ar3 Point Ar1 Point Ac1 Final Rolling Temperature FT Time from Final Pass to Cooling Temperature after 3 s Cooling Rolling Reduction RR1 Temperature Rise Rate before T1 Intermediate Annealing Temperature T1 Cold Rolling Reduction RR2 Final Annealing Temperature T2 [°C] [°C] [°C] [°C] s [°C] [%] [°C / s] [°C] [%] [°C] 3 787 759 908 850 0.12 600 91 1300 700 13 850 Example of the Invention 4 942 913 1012 950 0.50 400 91 Example of the Invention 1100 700 13 900 5 772 745 913 950 0.10 700 91 1000 700 13 850 Example of the Invention 50 / 60 Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, pp. 56 / 79 Item Transformation Point Hot Rolling Stage Cold Rolling Stage Intermediate Annealing Stage Cold Rolling Stage Final Annealing Stage Evaluation No. Point Ar3 Point Ar1 Point Ac1 Final Rolling Temperature FT Time from Final Pass to Cooling Temperature after 3 s Cooling Rolling Reduction RR1 Temperature Rise Rate before T1 Intermediate Annealing Temperature T1 Cold Rolling Reduction RR2 Final Annealing Temperature T2 [°C] [°C] [°C] [°C] s [°C] [%] [°C / s] [°C] [%] [°C] 6 783 751 919 950 0.50 400 91 1000 700 13 850 Comparative Example 7 651 633 760 850 0.12 400 91 If broken in two sheets during cold rolling and the next step could not be performed. Comparative Example 8 - - - 950 0.10 700 91 1000 700 13 850 Comparative Example 51 / 60 Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, pp. 57 / 79 Item Transformation Point Hot Rolling Stage Cold Rolling Stage Intermediate Annealing Stage Cold Rolling Stage Final Annealing Stage Evaluation No. Point Ar3 Point Ar1 Point Ac1 Final Rolling Temperature FT Time from Final Pass to Cooling Temperature after 3 s Cooling Rolling Reduction RR1 Temperature Rise Rate before T1 Intermediate Annealing Temperature T1 Cold Rolling Reduction RR2 Final Annealing Temperature T2 [°C] [°C] [°C] [°C] s [°C] [%] [°C / s] [°C] [%] [°C] 9 812 779 932 650 0.10 550 91 1000 700 13 850 Comparative Example 10 812 779 932 950 0.00 200 91 1000 700 13 850 Comparative Example 11 787 759 908 850 0.10 600 91 20 700 13 850 Comparative Example 52 / 60 Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, pp. 58 / 79 Item Transformation Point Hot Rolling Stage Cold Rolling Stage Intermediate Annealing Stage Cold Rolling Stage Final Annealing Stage Evaluation No. Point Ar3 Point Ar1 Point Ac1 Final Rolling Temperature FT Time from Final Pass to Cooling Temperature after 3 s Cooling Rolling Reduction RR1 Temperature Rise Rate before T1 Intermediate Annealing Temperature T1 Cold Rolling Reduction RR2 Final Annealing Temperature T2 [°C] [°C] [°C] [°C] s [°C] [%] [°C / s] [°C] [%] [°C] 12 805 699 897 950 0.10 500 91 1000 700 0 850 Comparative Example 13 805 699 897 950 0.10 500 91 1000 700 2 850 Comparative Example 14 805 699 897 950 0.10 500 91 1000 700 25 850 Comparative Example 53 / 60 Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, pp. 59 / 79 Item Transformation Point Hot Rolling Stage Cold Rolling Stage Intermediate Annealing Stage Cold Rolling Stage Final Annealing Stage Evaluation No. Point Ar3 Point Ar1 Point Ac1 Final Rolling Temperature FT Time from Final Pass to Cooling Temperature after 3 s Cooling Rolling Reduction RR1 Temperature Rise Rate before T1 Intermediate Annealing Temperature T1 Cold Rolling Reduction RR2 Final Annealing Temperature T2 [°C] [°C] [°C] [°C] s [°C] [%] [°C / s] [°C] [%] [°C] 15 812 779 932 950 0.10 700 91 1000 550 13 850 Comparative Example 16 812 779 932 950 0.10 700 91 1000 1000 13 850 Comparative Example 17 772 745 913 950 0.10 700 91 1000 700 13 700 Comparative Example 54 / 60 Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, pp. 60 / 79 Item Transformation Point Hot Rolling Stage Cold Rolling Stage Intermediate Annealing Stage Cold Rolling Stage Final Annealing Stage Evaluation No. Point Ar3 Point Ar1 Point Ac1 Final Rolling Temperature FT Time from Final Pass to Cooling Temperature after 3 s Cooling Rolling Reduction RR1 Temperature Rise Rate before T1 Intermediate Annealing Temperature T1 Cold Rolling Reduction RR2 Final Annealing Temperature T2 [°C] [°C] [°C] [°C] s [°C] [%] [°C / s] [°C] [%] [°C] 18 772 745 913 950 0.10 700 91 1000 700 13 1000 Comparative Example 19 808 702 900 850 0.12 600 91 400 700 13 850 Example of the Invention 20 942 913 1012 950 0.50 400 91 1100 700 13 750 Comparative Example 55 / 60 Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, pp. 61 / 79 Table 3 No. Texture Sheet thickness Microstructure Magnetic characteristics Evaluation Area fraction {411} <011> Area fraction {111} Average grain size B50D B50D / B50L W10D / 400D Iron loss deterioration ratio Wx [%] [%] [mm] [T] [T] [W / kg] [%] - 1 50.3 5.9 0.25 92 1.81 1.19 10.0 30.6 Example of the Invention 2 52.8 3.4 0.25 73 1.76 1.15 10.2 29.1 Example of the Invention 3 53.4 6.2 0.25 94 1.78 1.13 10.4 28.8 Example of the Invention 4 51.6 4.1 0.25 91 1.76 1.16 10.3 30.2 Example of Invention 5 51.9 5.8 0.25 79 1.77 1.14 10.1 29.4 Example of Invention 6 50.1 5.9 0.25 81 1.79 1.13 12.2 30.1 Comparative Example 56 / 60 Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, pp. 62 / 79 No. Texture Sheet thickness Microstructure Magnetic characteristics Evaluation Area fraction {411} <011> Area fraction {111} Average grain size B50D B50D / B50L W10D / 400D Iron loss deterioration ratio Wx [%] [%] [mm] [T] [T] [W / kg] [%] - 7 - - - - - - - - Comparative Example 8 9.2 15.8 0.25 75 1.61 0.99 13.0 44.7 Comparative Example 9 13.1 15.0 0.25 71 1.62 0.99 12.9 42.1 Comparative Example 10 14.1 6.9 0.25 73 1.77 1.13 10.1 51.2 Comparative Example 11 30.7 13.1 0.25 91 1.72 1.10 13.4 30.0 Comparative Example 12 13.2 14.5 0.25 48 1.60 0.99 13.9 42.2 Comparative Example 57 / 60 Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, pp. 63 / 79 No. Texture Sheet thickness Microstructure Magnetic characteristics Evaluation Area fraction {411} <011> Area fraction {111} Average grain size B50D B50D / B50L W10D / 400D Iron loss deterioration ratio Wx [%] [%] [mm] [T] [T] [W / kg] [%] - 13 14.8 10.2 0.25 44 1.68 1.08 14.2 41.3 Comparative Example 14 11.2 11.8 0.25 73 1.52 0.97 15.2 45.2 Comparative Example 15 10.4 12.9 0.25 77 1.61 0.99 13.4 43.2 Comparative Example 16 11.5 13.1 0.25 59 1.63 1.01 15.9 40.7 Comparative Example 17 14.2 11.2 0.25 41 1.61 1.00 14.7 32.8 Comparative Example 18 14.4 10.8 0.25 57 167 1.11 15.4 40.8 Comparative Example 58 / 60 Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, pp. 64 / 79 No. Texture Sheet thickness Microstructure Magnetic characteristics Evaluation Area fraction {411} <011> Area fraction {111} Average grain size B50D B50D / B50L W10D / 400D Iron loss deterioration ratio Wx [%] [%] [mm] [T] [T] [W / kg] [%] - 19 51.1 10.1 0.25 81 1.76 1.12 10.4 30.1 Example of the Invention 20 14.7 10.7 0.25 42 1.62 0.99 14.3 33.1 Comparative Example 59 / 60 Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, pp. 65 / 79 60 / 60

[00168] As can be seen in Tables 1 to 3, Nos. 1 to 5 and 19 as examples of the invention, the chemical composition falls within the scope of the present invention, the texture falls within the scope of the present invention and the magnetic characteristics (magnetic flux density, iron loss and iron loss decay rate) were excellent.

[00169] On the other hand, in Nos. 6, 8 to 18 and 20, which were comparative examples, one or more of the chemical composition, texture and magnetic characteristics were outside the scope of the present invention. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

[00170] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a non-oriented electrical steel sheet that has low stress sensitivity and excellent magnetic characteristics in a direction of ±45 degrees relative to the rolling direction; a core manufactured using the non-oriented electrical steel sheet; and a rotating electrical machine manufactured using the core. Therefore, the industrial applicability is high. Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, pp. 66 / 79< / uvw> < / uvw> < / uvw> < / uvw> < / uvw> < / uvw> < / uvw> < / uvw> < / uvw>

Claims

1 / 5 CLAIMS 1. Non-oriented electrical steel sheet, characterized in that it includes, as a chemical composition, in terms of % by mass: 0.0100% or less of C, 1.50 to 4.00% of Si, 0.0001 to 1.00% of Al solution, 0.0100% or less of S, 0.0100% or less of N, 2.50 to 5.00% in total of one or more selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ni and Cu, 0.000 to 1.000% of Co, 0.000 to 0.400% of Sn, 0.000 to 0.400% of Sb, 0.000 to 0.400% of P, 0.0000 to 0.0100% in total of one or more selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd, where, in terms of % by mass, when [Mn] is defined as Mn content, [Ni] is defined as Ni content, [Cu] is defined as Cu content, [Si] is defined as Si content, [sol.Al] is defined as sol. content.Al and [P] is defined as a P content, formula (1) below is satisfied, and an equilibrium of Fe and impurities; the non-oriented electrical steel sheet having an area fraction A411-011 of 15.0% or more, where Ahkl-uvw is defined as an area fraction of grains that has an orientation {hkl}. <uvw>with respect to an entire visual field when a plane that is parallel to a rolled surface and has a depth of 1 / 2 the thickness of the sheet of a surface is measured by SEM-EBSD; Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 67 / 79 2 / 5 the non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a magnetic flux density B50D of 1.70 T or more, where B50D is an average of a magnetic flux density in a direction of 45 degrees relative to a rolling direction and a magnetic flux density in a direction of 135 degrees relative to the rolling direction; and the non-oriented electrical steel sheet having an iron loss W10D / 400D of 10.4 W / kg or less, wherein W10D / 400D is an average of an iron loss in a direction of 45 degrees relative to the rolling direction and an iron loss in a direction of 135 degrees relative to the rolling direction: (2 χ [Mn] + 2.5 χ [Ni] + [Cu]) - ([Si] + 2 χ [sol.Al] + 4 χ [P]) > 1.50% (1).

2. Non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: when B50L is defined as an average of a magnetic flux density in a direction of 0 degrees relative to the rolling direction and a magnetic flux density in a direction of 90 degrees relative to the rolling direction, B50D and B50L satisfy the formula (2) below: B50D / B50L > 1.05 (2).

3. Core, characterized in that it comprises a non-oriented electrical steel sheet, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet including, as a chemical composition, in terms of % by mass: 0.0100% or less of C, 1.50 to 4.00% of Si, 0.0001 to 1.00% of Al solution, 0.0100% or less of S, Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, p. 68 / 79 3 / 5 0.0100% or less of N, 2.50 to 5.00% in total of one or more selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ni and Cu, 0.000 to 1.000% of Co, 0.000 to 0.400% of Sn, 0.000 to 0.400% of Sb, 0.000 to 0.400% of P, 0.0000 to 0.0100% in total of one or more selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd, wherein in terms of % by mass, when [Mn] is defined as a content of Mn, [Ni] is defined as a content of Ni, [Cu] is defined as a content of Cu, [Si] is defined as a content of Si, [sol.Al] is defined as a content of sol.Al and [P] is defined as a P content, a formula (1) below is satisfied, and an equilibrium of Fe and impurities; the non-oriented electrical steel sheet having an area fraction A411-011 of 15.0% or more, where Ahkl-uvw is defined as an area fraction of grains that has an orientation {hkl}. <uvw>with respect to an entire visual field when a plane that is parallel to a rolled surface and has a depth of 1 / 2 the thickness of the sheet of a surface is measured by SEM-EBSD; non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a magnetic flux density B50D of 1.70 T or more, wherein B50D is an average of a magnetic flux density in a direction of 45 degrees relative to a rolling direction and the magnetic flux density in a direction of 135 degrees relative to the rolling direction; and non-oriented electrical steel sheet having an iron loss W10D / 400D of 10.4 W / kg or less, wherein W10D / 400D is an average of an iron loss in a direction of 45 degrees in Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, p. 69 / 79 4 / 5 in relation to the rolling direction and a loss of iron in a direction of 135 degrees in relation to the rolling direction: (2 χ [Mn] + 2.5 χ [Ni] + [Cu]) - ([Si] + 2 χ [sol.Al] + 4 χ [P]) > 1.50% (1).

4. Rotating electrical machine, characterized in that it comprises: a stator; a rotor disposed on an inner peripheral side of the stator; and a housing that is in close contact with the stator from an outer peripheral side of the stator and secures the stator, wherein: at least one of the stator and rotor has a core made of a non-oriented electrical steel sheet that includes, as a chemical composition, in terms of % by mass: 0.0100% or less of C, 1.50 to 4.00% of Si, 0.0001 to 1.00% of sol.Al, 0.0100% or less of S, 0.0100% or less of N, 2.50 to 5.00% in total of one or more selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ni and Cu, 0.000 to 1.000% of Co, 0.000 to 0.400% of Sn, 0.000 to 0.400% of Sb, 0.000 to 0.400% of P, 0.0000 to 0.0100% in total of one or more selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd, wherein in terms of % by mass, when [Mn] is defined as a content of Mn, [Ni] is defined as a content of Ni, [Cu] is defined as a content of Cu, [Si] is defined as a content of Si, [sol.Al] is defined as a sol.Al content and [P] is defined as a P content, the formula Petition 870250084497, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 70 / 79 5 / 5 la (1) below is satisfied, and an equilibrium of Fe and impurities; the non-oriented electrical steel sheet having an area fraction A411-011 of 15.0% or more, where Ahkl-uvw is defined as an area fraction of grains having an orientation {hkl}. <uvw>with respect to an entire visual field when a plane that is parallel to a rolled surface and has a depth of 1 / 2 the thickness of the sheet of a surface is measured by SEM-EBSD; non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a magnetic flux density B50D of 1.70 T or more, wherein B50D is an average of a magnetic flux density in a direction of 45 degrees relative to a rolling direction and a magnetic flux density in a direction of 135 degrees relative to the rolling direction; and the non-oriented electrical steel sheet having an iron loss W10D / 400D of 10.4 W / kg or less, wherein W10D / 400D is an average of an iron loss in a direction of 45 degrees relative to the rolling direction and an iron loss in a direction of 135 degrees relative to the rolling direction: (2 χ [Mn] + 2.5 χ [Ni] + [Cu]) - ([Si] + 2 χ [sol.Al] + 4 χ [P]) > 1.50% (1). Petition 870250084497, dated 19 / 09 / 2025, p. 71 / 79< / uvw> < / uvw> < / uvw>