Energy storage device for reversible conversion of electrical / thermal energy to kinetic potential energy

Abstract

The present invention discloses an energy storage device for reversible conversion of electric / thermal energy and kinetic potential energy, including a vertically arranged annular tube, an annular chain is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the annular tube, the annular chain is meshed with a sprocket for driving a generator set through an opening at the top of the annular tube, and an adsorption medium pair assembly is arranged at intervals on the annular chain; the left vertical pipe section of the annular tube is connected to the first C-shaped tube to form a high-temperature working medium circulation pipeline, and the lower part of the left vertical pipe section is connected to the high-temperature fluid insulation storage tank through the first heat transfer control element; the right vertical pipe section of the annular tube is connected to the second C-shaped tube to form a low-temperature working medium circulation pipeline, and the upper part of the right vertical pipe section is connected to the low-temperature fluid insulation storage tank through the second heat transfer control element; the high and low-temperature fluid insulation storage tanks are connected to the high and low temperature heat source generation system. The present invention has a wide range of applications, a small investment scale, and is not restricted by terrain, can achieve the purpose of large-capacity energy storage, and is of great significance for improving power quality and maintaining power grid security.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of renewable energy power generation, and in particular to an energy storage device capable of reversibly converting electrical / thermal energy into kinetic potential energy. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of global environmental protection requirements, clean energy such as solar energy and wind energy has achieved large-scale development. Power generation and grid connection are the main ways to effectively utilize them and the main development direction in the future. Due to the randomness and volatility of photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation, dynamic power quality problems such as voltage drop, inrush current and instantaneous power supply interruption are prone to occur during grid connection operation, resulting in the inability to smoothly output power, which seriously affects the safe operation of the power grid. Therefore, adding dispatchable energy storage devices to the grid connection system is the current research focus of new energy power generation technology. Secondly, with the continuous growth of power demand for economic and social development, the power load has increased year by year, and the peak-to-valley difference of ordinary power grids has increased day by day. The energy storage device for power peak regulation can convert electric energy into internal energy and store it when the power grid load is at a low point, and convert the stored internal energy into electric energy during the peak period of power consumption, thereby effectively improving the utilization rate of electric energy and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0003] However, existing energy storage technologies include chemical energy storage (lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lithium batteries, etc.) and physical energy storage (pumped storage, compressed air storage, flywheel storage, etc.). Among them, chemical energy storage battery technology is relatively mature and the most widely used, but it has problems such as limited charging and discharging times, serious environmental pollution, poor safety, and high operating temperature requirements; secondly, pumped storage technology requires the construction of pumped storage power stations, which is highly dependent on terrain, has a large investment scale, and a long construction period, which limits its scope of application; thirdly, flywheel energy storage technology is limited by the allowable stress of the material and the limited speed of the flywheel, resulting in a low energy density of flywheel energy storage. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the existing energy storage technology, the present invention provides an energy storage device with wide application range, high efficiency and stability, and high-power energy storage and reversible conversion of electrical / thermal energy to kinetic potential energy.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention can adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] The energy storage device for reversible conversion of electric / thermal energy to kinetic potential energy described in the present invention comprises a vertically arranged annular tube, an annular chain is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the annular tube, the annular chain is meshed with a sprocket for driving a generator set through an opening located at the top of the annular tube, and adsorption working fluid pair components are arranged at intervals on the annular chain; the left vertical pipe section of the annular tube is connected to the first C-shaped tube to form a high-temperature working fluid circulation pipeline, and the lower part of the left vertical pipe section is connected to the high-temperature fluid insulation storage tank through a first heat transfer control element; the right vertical pipe section of the annular tube and the second C-shaped tube form a low-temperature working fluid circulation pipeline, and the upper part of the right vertical pipe section is connected to the low-temperature fluid insulation storage tank through a second heat transfer control element; the high-temperature fluid insulation storage tank and the low-temperature fluid insulation storage tank are connected to a high-low temperature heat source generation system.

[0007] The adsorbent pair assembly comprises a gas-adsorbent box body connected to an annular chain, and an air bag is wrapped outside the gas-adsorbent box body.

[0008] The high and low temperature heat source generation system includes a hot and cold separator connected to the new energy power generation system, the hot and cold separator is connected to a high temperature fluid pool and a low temperature fluid pool, the high temperature fluid pool is connected to the high temperature fluid insulation storage tank through a first delivery pump, and the low temperature fluid pool is connected to the low temperature fluid insulation storage tank through a second delivery pump.

[0009] The first heat transfer control element and the second heat transfer control element are both one-way heat pipes or one-way fluid transfer elements connected to the control system.

[0010] Liquid flow blocking mechanisms are provided at the connection point between the left vertical pipe section of the annular pipe and the bottom of the first C-shaped pipe, and at the connection point between the right vertical pipe section of the annular pipe and the bottom of the second C-shaped pipe.

[0011] A C-shaped groove slideway matched with the annular chain is arranged on the inner wall of the annular tube.

[0012] The sprocket is provided with a parking brake mechanism.

[0013] The spokes of the sprocket are composed of oil cylinders.

[0014] The energy storage device for reversible conversion of electric / thermal energy to kinetic potential energy provided by the present invention can store external energy in the form of internal energy of cold and hot fluids, and through heat transfer, the volume of the adsorbent pair components in the high-temperature fluid and the low-temperature fluid in the annular tube changes, so that the adsorbent pair components rise and fall in the high and low temperature fluids due to the surplus and deficit of buoyancy and deadweight, thereby driving the annular chain to rotate and drive the generator to generate electricity. The present invention has a wide range of applications, a small investment scale, and is not restricted by terrain. It can achieve the purpose of large-capacity energy storage and is of great significance for improving power quality and maintaining power grid security. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Section view of the middle AA plane.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Embodiment 1:

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage device for reversible conversion of electric / thermal energy to kinetic potential energy for photovoltaic power generation and grid-connected operation according to the present invention mainly includes two parts: electric energy-thermal energy conversion and thermal energy-mechanical energy conversion:

[0020] The electric energy-heat energy conversion mechanism described in the former includes a photovoltaic power generation system 1, and the photovoltaic power generation system 1 is associated with a heat pump type cold and hot separator 4 connected to a high-temperature fluid pool 2 and a low-temperature fluid pool 3. The electric energy is converted into the internal energy of the high-temperature fluid and the low-temperature fluid through the cold and hot separator 4. Further, in order to store the internal energy of the cold and hot fluids, the high-temperature fluid pool 2 is connected to the high-temperature fluid insulation storage tank 6 through a first delivery pump 5, and the low-temperature fluid pool 3 is connected to the low-temperature fluid insulation storage tank 8 through a second delivery pump 7. The first delivery pump 5 and the second delivery pump 7 are turned on, and the fluids in the high-temperature fluid insulation storage tank 6 and the low-temperature fluid insulation storage tank 8 are respectively stored at high and low temperatures through fluid circulation heat transfer;

[0021] The latter thermal energy-mechanical energy conversion mechanism comprises an annular tube 9 vertically arranged against a steep mountain or a man-made building with a height difference, an annular track consisting of a pair of C-shaped groove slideways 10 is installed on the inner wall of the annular tube 9, and an annular chain 12 with an adsorption working medium pair assembly 11 is slidably installed on the annular track, such as Figure 2As shown, the adsorption working medium pair component 11 includes a plurality of gas-adsorbent box bodies 11.1 arranged at intervals on the surface of the annular chain 12, each gas-adsorbent box body 11.1 is wrapped with a retractable air bag 11.2 on the outside, and the gas-adsorbent box body 11.1 contains an adsorbent and a gas that can be adsorbed and desorbed by the adsorbent, wherein the adsorbent can be activated carbon, silica gel or dissolved absorption solutes, etc., and the gas can be selected from common natural gases or organic gases paired with the adsorbent; the left vertical pipe section of the annular tube 9 is connected to the first C-shaped tube 13 to form a high-temperature working medium circulation pipeline, and the lower part of the left vertical pipe section is connected to the high-temperature fluid insulation storage tank 6 through the first heat transfer control element 14; the right vertical pipe section of the annular tube 9 and the second C-shaped tube 15 form a low-temperature working medium circulation pipeline, and the upper part of the right vertical pipe section is connected to the low-temperature fluid insulation storage tank 8 through the second heat transfer control element 16; the above-mentioned first heat transfer control element 16 and second heat transfer control element 1 6 are all one-way heat pipes connected to the control system 17, or one-way valves are selected to be installed on the connecting pipes to transfer heat through fluid transmission; the high-temperature working medium circulation pipeline, the low-temperature working medium circulation pipeline and the bottom connecting section of the annular tube 9 are respectively filled with inorganic / organic fluid media (such as water, salt water, ammonia water or organic liquids with large temperature difference between condensation point and boiling point and large specific heat capacity that can store more energy). When the first heat transfer control element 16 and the second heat transfer control element 16 are in the working state, the fluid in the high-temperature working medium circulation pipeline absorbs heat and heats up, and circulates continuously from the left vertical pipe section of the annular tube 9 to the first C-shaped tube 13. Similarly, the fluid in the low-temperature working medium circulation pipeline releases heat and cools down, and circulates continuously from the right vertical pipe section of the annular tube 9 to the second C-shaped tube 15. In order to prevent the cross-flow of liquid from affecting the thermal power, at the connection point between the left vertical pipe section of the annular tube 9 and the bottom of the first C-shaped tube 13, and the right vertical pipe section of the annular tube 9 and the second C-shaped tube 15 The bottom connection of the annular tube 9 is provided with a liquid flow blocking mechanism, and the above-mentioned liquid flow blocking mechanism can be selected from a soft brush with bristles arranged parallel to the tube cross section, which can not only allow the adsorbed working medium to pass through the component 11 smoothly, but also can prevent the mixed flow heat transfer phenomenon of the fluid medium of different temperatures in the high and low temperature working medium circulation pipeline through the bottom connection section of the annular tube 9 to a certain extent; the top position of the annular tube 9 is also provided with an opening, and the annular chain 12 located therein is meshed and connected with the sprocket 18 arranged outside the annular tube 9, and the above-mentioned sprocket 18 is used to drive the generator set, which includes a flywheel 19.1 and a generator 19.2, and the generator 19.2 is connected to the power grid 21 through a transformer 20. The above-mentioned sprocket 18 and the flywheel 19.1 are both provided with a parking brake mechanism, and the spokes 18.1 of the sprocket 18 are made of an oil cylinder capable of adjusting the diameter of the sprocket 18, so as to adapt to the change of chain tightness caused by thermal expansion and contraction caused by the rapid alternating movement of the annular chain 12 in the high and low temperature zones of the annular tube 9.In addition, the first delivery pump 5, the second delivery pump 7, the sprocket 18, the flywheel 19.1 and the motor 19.2 are connected to the control system 17; in order to reduce heat loss, the above-mentioned heat storage container and heat storage pipeline are provided with a heat insulation layer.

[0022] When in use, the photovoltaic power generation system 1 inputs electric energy from the outside to the electric energy-heat energy conversion mechanism, and the heat pump type cold and hot separator 4 works, so that the temperature of the fluid in the high-temperature fluid pool 2 increases, and the temperature of the fluid in the low-temperature fluid pool 3 decreases; then, the first delivery pump 5 and the second delivery pump 7 are turned on, and through fluid circulation heat transfer, the fluid in the high-temperature fluid insulation storage tank 6 completely reaches a high temperature state, and the fluid in the low-temperature fluid insulation storage tank 8 completely reaches a low temperature state, so that high and low temperature internal energy are stored separately. In this process, the brake parts of the sprocket 18 and the flywheel 19.1 are parked, and the sprocket 18 and the flywheel 19.1 do not rotate, so that energy storage is realized, and the system completes charging;

[0023] Afterwards, the control system 17 puts the first heat transfer control element 16 and the second heat transfer control element 16 into working state, the high temperature fluid in the high temperature fluid insulation storage tank 6 exchanges heat with the fluid in the high temperature working medium circulation pipeline of the annular pipe 9, and the high temperature fluid in the high temperature working medium circulation pipeline gradually reaches a relatively stable high temperature state; the low temperature fluid in the low temperature fluid insulation storage tank 8 exchanges heat with the fluid in the low temperature working medium circulation pipeline of the annular pipe 9, and the low temperature fluid in the low temperature working medium circulation pipeline gradually reaches a relatively stable low temperature state;

[0024] At this time, the brake mechanism of the sprocket 18 and the flywheel 19.1 is released. For the adsorption working fluid pair assembly 11 in the vertical pipe section on the left side of the annular tube 9 in the high temperature environment, the gas escapes from the gas-adsorbent box body 11.1 to the airbag 11.2, the volume of the airbag 11.2 increases, and the overall density of the adsorption working fluid pair assembly 11 gradually decreases. When it reaches a state less than the fluid density, the buoyancy it receives is greater than its own gravity, and the adsorption working fluid pair assembly 11 rises in the high temperature fluid; on the contrary, for the adsorption working fluid pair assembly 11 in the vertical pipe section on the right side of the annular tube 9 in the low temperature environment, the gas in the airbag 11.2 is adsorbed by the gas-adsorbent box body 11.1. , the volume of the airbag 11.2 is reduced, and the overall density of the adsorption working fluid pair assembly 11 gradually increases. When it reaches a state greater than the fluid density, the buoyancy it receives is less than its own gravity, and the adsorption working fluid pair assembly 11 descends in the low-temperature fluid; the rising and falling movements of the above-mentioned adsorption working fluid pair assembly 11 drive the circumferential movement of the annular chain 12 in the annular tube 9, thereby driving the sprocket 18 to rotate, driving the generator 18.2 to output electrical energy; the generator 18.2 continues to generate electricity until the fluid temperatures in the high and low temperature working fluid circulation pipelines of the annular tube 9 are equal, and the annular chain 12 stops moving, realizing that the internal energy of the high and low temperature fluids is fully converted into mechanical energy and electrical energy.

[0025] The photovoltaic power generation system 1 can be replaced by a wind power generation system or a common power grid system that requires peak load shifting.

[0026] Embodiment 2:

[0027] The present invention can also be used for direct energy storage and power generation of general heat sources, such as industrial waste heat, waste heat generated by air conditioning, hot springs, geothermal heat, heat sources generated by solar concentration, etc. Figure 3 As shown, the present invention mainly includes a high-temperature fluid insulation storage tank 6, a low-temperature fluid insulation storage tank 8 and a heat-to-mechanical energy conversion mechanism, wherein the high-temperature fluid insulation storage tank 6 is connected to high-temperature heat sources such as industrial waste heat, hot springs, etc., and the low-temperature fluid insulation storage tank 8 is connected to low-temperature heat sources such as normal temperature river water and pool water, and the rest of the parts are the same as those in Example 1. When in use, the internal energy of the high and low temperature heat sources is directly input into the high-temperature fluid insulation storage tank 6 and the low-temperature fluid insulation storage tank 8 for storage, and then connected to the grid for power generation through the heat-to-mechanical energy conversion mechanism.

[0028] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0029] 1. Not restricted by terrain, easy to build

[0030] The present invention can select steep mountains in mountainous areas, and choose to build energy storage power stations of appropriate sizes according to the actual terrain and storage capacity; in areas without mountains, high-rise buildings or artificially built towers can be selected to create height differences to build the above-mentioned energy storage power generation device.

[0031] 2. Applicable to energy storage and power generation of various energy sources, safe, stable and with high conversion rate

[0032] The present invention is suitable for a variety of external input energy sources, whether it is clean energy with large fluctuations such as wind power and photovoltaics, or ordinary power grids with peak and valley electricity consumption characteristics, as well as low-quality industrial waste heat, hot springs and other heat sources. Energy storage and efficient power generation can be carried out, and the power capacity of the device can be flexibly determined according to the energy input conditions.

[0033] 3. Wide range of applications

[0034] The present invention is not only suitable for communication hubs, national defense command centers, industrial production control centers and other areas that need to ensure uninterrupted power supply and require guaranteed power quality, but also suitable for normal industrial and civil reserve electricity. It can replace generators and deliver seamlessly.

Claims

1. An energy storage device for reversible conversion of electrical / thermal energy to kinetic potential energy, characterized in that: It comprises a vertically arranged annular tube, on the inner wall of which an annular chain is slidably arranged, the annular chain is meshed with a sprocket for driving the generator set through an opening at the top of the annular tube, and adsorption working medium pair components are arranged at intervals on the annular chain; the left vertical pipe section of the annular tube is connected with the first C-shaped tube to form a high-temperature working medium circulation pipeline, and the lower part of the left vertical pipe section is connected with the high-temperature fluid insulation storage tank through the first heat transfer control element; the right vertical pipe section of the annular tube and the second C-shaped tube form a low-temperature working medium circulation pipeline, and the upper part of the right vertical pipe section is connected with the low-temperature fluid insulation storage tank through the second heat transfer control element; the high-temperature fluid insulation storage tank and the low-temperature fluid insulation storage tank are connected to the high-low temperature heat source generation system; The adsorbent pair assembly comprises a gas-adsorbent box body connected to an annular chain, and the gas-adsorbent box body is wrapped with an air bag on the outside; The high and low temperature heat source generation system includes a hot and cold separator connected to the new energy power generation system, the hot and cold separator is connected to a high temperature fluid pool and a low temperature fluid pool, the high temperature fluid pool is connected to the high temperature fluid insulation storage tank through a first delivery pump, and the low temperature fluid pool is connected to the low temperature fluid insulation storage tank through a second delivery pump; The first heat transfer control element and the second heat transfer control element are both one-way heat pipes or one-way fluid transfer elements connected to the control system; A liquid flow blocking mechanism is provided at the connection point between the left vertical pipe section of the annular pipe and the bottom of the first C-shaped pipe, and at the connection point between the right vertical pipe section of the annular pipe and the bottom of the second C-shaped pipe; The inner wall of the annular tube is provided with a C-shaped groove slideway matched with the annular chain; The sprocket is provided with a parking brake mechanism; The spokes of the sprocket are composed of oil cylinders.

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