A 2×4 Butler matrix network

Abstract

The present invention discloses a 2×4 Butler matrix network, comprising a first directional coupler, a second directional coupler, a third directional coupler, a first ohmic resistor and a second ohmic resistor; wherein each directional coupler has two input terminals and two output terminals, namely a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a first output terminal and a second output terminal; the 2×4 Butler matrix has two signal input ports, namely a first input port and a second input port, and four output ports, namely a first output port, a second output port, a third output port and a fourth output port. The present invention has few components and a simple structure. When the second output port out2, the third output port out3, the first output port out1 and the fourth output port out4 of the network are respectively connected to a 4-unit array with equal spacing, two radiation patterns with different beam directions can be generated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a 2×4 Butler matrix network. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of mobile communication technology and the sharp increase in mobile communication business volume, we are facing problems such as strong signal interference between communication cells, insufficient spectrum capacity and narrow signal coverage. Multi-beam antennas can generate multiple beams of directional characteristics at the same time, which can increase network capacity; in addition, multi-beam antennas can easily achieve narrow beams and high gain, which can reduce signal interference and increase coverage distance. Therefore, multi-beam antennas have broad application prospects and value.

[0003] Among them, the Butler matrix is ​​an important component of the multi-beam antenna and a key component for generating multi-beam characteristics. However, the Butler matrix in the prior art has a complex structure and high loss, and needs to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes a 2×4 Butler matrix network.

[0005] The present invention solves the above problems by the following technical means:

[0006] A 2×4 Butler matrix network comprises a first directional coupler, a second directional coupler, a third directional coupler, a first ohmic resistor and a second ohmic resistor; wherein each directional coupler has two input ends and two output ends, namely a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a second output end; the 2×4 Butler matrix has two signal input ports, namely a first input port and a second input port, and four output ports, namely a first output port, a second output port, a third output port and a fourth output port;

[0007] The first input end of the first directional coupler is connected to the first input port, and the second input end of the first directional coupler is connected to the second input port; the first output end of the first directional coupler is connected to the first input end of the third directional coupler, the second input end of the third directional coupler is connected to the first ohmic resistor, the other end of the first ohmic resistor is grounded, the first output end of the third directional coupler is connected to the first output port, and the second output end of the third directional coupler is connected to the second output port; the second output end of the first directional coupler is connected to the first input end of the second directional coupler, the second input end of the second directional coupler is connected to the second ohmic resistor, the other end of the second ohmic resistor is grounded, the first output end of the second directional coupler is connected to the third output port, and the second output end of the second directional coupler is connected to the fourth output port.

[0008] Furthermore, the first directional coupler has a 90-degree phase shift characteristic.

[0009] Furthermore, the second and third directional couplers have a 180-degree phase shift characteristic.

[0010] Furthermore, the first directional coupler is an equal power distribution directional coupler with a 90-degree phase shift characteristic.

[0011] Furthermore, the second directional coupler is an unequal power distribution directional coupler with a 180-degree phase shift characteristic.

[0012] Furthermore, the third directional coupler is an unequal power distribution directional coupler with a 180-degree phase shift characteristic.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least:

[0014] A 2×4 Butler matrix network provided by the present invention has few components and a simple structure. When the second output port out2, the third output port out3, the first output port out1 and the fourth output port out4 of the network are respectively connected to a 4-unit array with equal spacing, two radiation patterns with different beam directions can be generated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top-level structure of the 2×4 Butler matrix network of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be pointed out that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please refer to Figure 1The present invention provides a 2×4 Butler matrix network composed of a first directional coupler 1, a second directional coupler 2, a third directional coupler 3, a first ohmic resistor 4 and a second ohmic resistor 5; wherein each directional coupler has two input ends and two output ends, namely a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a second output end; the 2×4 Butler matrix has two signal input ports, namely a first input port in1 and a second input port in2, and four output ports, namely a first output port out1, a second output port out2, a third output port out3 and a fourth output port out4.

[0019] The connection relationship of each component in the present invention is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the first input terminal 1a of the first directional coupler 1 is connected to the first input port in1, and the second input terminal 1b of the first directional coupler 1 is connected to the second input port in2; the first output terminal 1c of the first directional coupler 1 is connected to the first input terminal 3a of the third directional coupler 3, the second input terminal 3b of the third directional coupler 3 is connected to the first ohmic resistor 4, the other end of the first ohmic resistor 4 is grounded, the first output terminal 3c of the third directional coupler 3 is connected to the first output port out1, and the second output terminal 3d of the third directional coupler 3 is connected to the second output port out2; the second output terminal 1d of the first directional coupler 1 is connected to the first input terminal 2a of the second directional coupler 2, the second input terminal 2b of the second directional coupler 2 is connected to the second ohmic resistor 5, the other end of the second ohmic resistor 5 is grounded, the first output terminal 2c of the second directional coupler 2 is connected to the third output port out3, and the second output terminal 2d of the second directional coupler 2 is connected to the fourth output port out4.

[0020] In the present invention, the first directional coupler 1 has a 90-degree phase shift characteristic, that is, when fed from any input end of the first directional coupler 1, the transmission phase of its opposite-side output end is delayed by 90 degrees compared with the transmission phase of the same-side output end; the second and third directional couplers have a 180-degree phase shift characteristic, that is, when fed from any input end of the second and third directional couplers, the transmission phase of their opposite-side output ends is delayed by 180 degrees compared with the transmission phase of the same-side output ends.

[0021] Specifically, the first directional coupler 1 is an equal power distribution directional coupler with a 90-degree phase shift characteristic. When a signal is fed from the first input terminal 1a of the first directional coupler 1, the distribution power of the first output terminal 1c and the second output terminal 1d is equal, which is half of the input signal power, and the output phase of the second output terminal 1d is delayed by 90 degrees relative to the phase of the first output terminal 1c. Similarly, when a signal is fed from the second input terminal 1b of the first directional coupler 1, the distribution power of the first output terminal 1c and the second output terminal 1d is equal, which is half of the input signal power, and the output phase of the first output terminal 1c is delayed by 90 degrees relative to the output phase of the second output terminal 1d.

[0022] The second directional coupler 2 is an unequal power distribution directional coupler with a 180-degree phase shift characteristic. When a signal is fed from the first input terminal 2a of the second directional coupler 2, the distribution power of the first output terminal 2c is N times the distribution power of the second output terminal 2d, N>1, and the output phase of the second output terminal 2d is delayed by 180 degrees relative to the phase of the first output terminal 2c. Similarly, when a signal is fed from the second input terminal 2b of the second directional coupler 2, the distribution power of the second output terminal 2d is N times the distribution power of the first output terminal 2c, N>1, and the output phase of the first output terminal 2c is delayed by 180 degrees relative to the phase of the second output terminal 2d.

[0023] The third directional coupler 3 is an unequal power distribution directional coupler with a 180-degree phase shift characteristic. When a signal is fed from the first input terminal 3a of the third directional coupler 3, the distribution power of the first output terminal 3c is N times the distribution power of the second output terminal 3d, N>1, and the output phase of the second output terminal 3d is delayed by 180 degrees relative to the phase of the first output terminal 3c. Similarly, when a signal is fed from the second input terminal 3b of the third directional coupler 3, the distribution power of the second output terminal 3d is N times the distribution power of the first output terminal 3c, N>1, and the output phase of the first output terminal 3c is delayed by 180 degrees relative to the phase of the second output terminal 3d.

[0024] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0025] If the RF signal is input from the first input port in1, the signal first passes through the first directional coupler 1 and then is separated into two signals. The signal at the first output end 1c of the first directional coupler 1 is 1 / 2∠0°, and the signal at the second output end 1d is 1 / 2∠-90°. The signal 1 / 2∠0° flows to the first input end 3a of the third directional coupler 3. After the signal 1 / 2∠0° passes through the third directional coupler 3, the signal at the first output end 3c of the third directional coupler 3 is N / (2×(N+1))∠0°. The signal at the second output terminal 3d of the coupler 3 is 1 / (2×(N+1))∠-180°; the signal 1 / 2∠-90° at the second output terminal 1d of the first directional coupler 1 flows to the first input terminal 2a of the second directional coupler 2. After the signal 1 / 2∠-90° passes through the second directional coupler 2, the signal at the first output terminal 2c of the second directional coupler 2 is N / (2×(N+1))∠-90°, and the signal at the second output terminal 2d of the second directional coupler 2 is 1 / (2×(N+1))∠-270°. Therefore, if a signal is input from the first input port in1, the output signals of the second output port out2, the third output port out3, the first output port out1 and the fourth output port out4 are 1 / (2×(N+1))∠-180°, N / (2×(N+1))∠-90°, N / (2×(N+1))∠0°, 1 / (2×(N+1))∠-270° respectively, that is, when fed from the first input port in1, the signal power ratio of the second output port out2, the third output port out3, the first output port out1 and the fourth output port out4 is 1:N:N:1, and the allocated power phase difference of adjacent output ports of the second output port out2, the third output port out3, the first output port out1 and the fourth output port out4 is 90°.

[0026] If the RF signal is input from the first input port in2, the signal first passes through the first directional coupler 1 and then is separated into two signals. The signal at the first output end 1c of the first directional coupler 1 is 1 / 2∠-90°, and the signal at the second output end 1d is 1 / 2∠0°. The signal 1 / 2∠-90° flows to the first input end 3a of the third directional coupler 3. After the signal 1 / 2∠-90° passes through the third directional coupler 3, the signal at the first output end 3c of the third directional coupler 3 is N / (2×(N+1))∠-90°. , the signal at the second output end 3d of the third directional coupler 3 is 1 / (2×(N+1))∠-270°; the signal 1 / 2∠0° at the second output end 1d of the first directional coupler 1 flows to the first input end 2a of the second directional coupler 2. After the signal 1 / 2∠0° passes through the second directional coupler 2, the signal at the first output end 2c of the second directional coupler 2 is N / (2×(N+1))∠0°, and the signal at the second output end 2d of the second directional coupler 2 is 1 / (2×(N+1))∠-180°. Therefore, if a signal is input from the first input port in2, the output signals of the second output port out2, the third output port out3, the first output port out1 and the fourth output port out4 are 1 / (2×(N+1))∠-270°, N / (2×(N+1))∠0°, N / (2×(N+1))∠-90°, 1 / (2×(N+1))∠-180° respectively, that is, when fed from the first input port in2, the signal power ratio of the second output port out2, the third output port out3, the first output port out1 and the fourth output port out4 is 1:N:N:1, and the allocated power phase difference of adjacent output ports of the second output port out2, the third output port out3, the first output port out1 and the fourth output port out4 is -90°.

[0027] A 2×4 Butler matrix network provided by the present invention has few components and a simple structure. When the second output port out2, the third output port out3, the first output port out1 and the fourth output port out4 of the network are respectively connected to a 4-unit array with equal spacing, two radiation patterns with different beam directions can be generated.

[0028] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A 2×4 Butler matrix network with few components and simple structure, characterized in that: The 2×4 Butler matrix network is composed of the following components: a first directional coupler, a second directional coupler, a third directional coupler, a first ohmic resistor, and a second ohmic resistor; wherein each directional coupler has two input terminals and two output terminals, namely, a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal; the 2×4 Butler matrix has two signal input ports, namely, a first input port and a second input port, and four output ports, namely, a first output port, a second output port, a third output port, and a fourth output port; The first input end of the first directional coupler is connected to the first input port, and the second input end of the first directional coupler is connected to the second input port; the first output end of the first directional coupler is connected to the first input end of the third directional coupler, the second input end of the third directional coupler is connected to the first ohmic resistor, the other end of the first ohmic resistor is grounded, the first output end of the third directional coupler is connected to the first output port, and the second output end of the third directional coupler is connected to the second output port; the second output end of the first directional coupler is connected to the first input end of the second directional coupler, the second input end of the second directional coupler is connected to the second ohmic resistor, the other end of the second ohmic resistor is grounded, the first output end of the second directional coupler is connected to the third output port, and the second output end of the second directional coupler is connected to the fourth output port; The first directional coupler has a 90-degree phase shift characteristic. When fed from any input end of the first directional coupler, the transmission phase of the output end on the opposite side is delayed by 90 degrees compared with the transmission phase of the output end on the same side; the second and third directional couplers have a 180-degree phase shift characteristic. When fed from any input end of the second and third directional couplers, the transmission phase of the output end on the opposite side is delayed by 180 degrees compared with the transmission phase of the output end on the same side; the first directional coupler is an equal power distribution directional coupler with a 90-degree phase shift characteristic. When the signal is fed from the first input end of the first directional coupler, the distribution power of the first output end and the second output end is equal, which is half of the input signal power, and the output phase of the second output end is delayed by 90 degrees relative to the phase of the first output end. When the signal is fed from the second input end of the first directional coupler, the distribution power of the first output end and the second output end is equal, which is half of the input signal power, and the output phase of the first output end is delayed by 90 degrees relative to the output phase of the second output end; the second directional coupler is an unequal power distribution directional coupler with a 180-degree phase shift characteristic. A power distribution directional coupler; when a signal is fed from the first input end of the second directional coupler, the distribution power of the first output end is N times the distribution power of the second output end, N>1, and the output phase of the second output end is delayed by 180 degrees relative to the phase of the first output end; when a signal is fed from the second input end of the second directional coupler, the distribution power of the second output end is N times the distribution power of the first output end, N>1, and the output phase of the first output end is delayed by 180 degrees relative to the phase of the second output end; the third directional coupler is an unequal power distribution directional coupler with a 180-degree phase shift characteristic; when a signal is fed from the first input end of the third directional coupler, the distribution power of the first output end is N times the distribution power of the second output end, N>1, and the output phase of the second output end is delayed by 180 degrees relative to the phase of the first output end; when a signal is fed from the second input end of the third directional coupler, the distribution power of the second output end is N times the distribution power of the first output end, N>1, and the output phase of the first output end is delayed by 180 degrees relative to the phase of the second output end; If the RF signal is input from the first input port, the signal first passes through the first directional coupler and then is separated into two signals. The signal at the first output end of the first directional coupler is 1 / 2∠0°, and the signal at the second output end is 1 / 2∠-90°. The signal 1 / 2∠0° flows to the first input end of the third directional coupler. After the signal 1 / 2∠0° passes through the third directional coupler, the signal at the first output end of the third directional coupler is N / (2×(N+1))∠0°, and the signal at the second output end of the third directional coupler is 1 / (2×(N+1))∠-180°. The signal 1 / 2∠-90° at the second output end of the first directional coupler flows to the second directional coupler. At the first input end of the coupler, after the signal 1 / 2∠-90° passes through the second directional coupler, the signal at the first output end of the second directional coupler is N / (2×(N+1))∠-90°, and the signal at the second output end of the second directional coupler is 1 / (2×(N+1))∠-270°; if a signal is input from the first input port, the output signals of the second output port, the third output port, the first output port and the fourth output port are 1 / (2×(N+1))∠-180°, N / (2×(N+1))∠-90°, N / (2×(N+1))∠0°, and 1 / (2×(N+1))∠-270° respectively; If the RF signal is input from the first input port, the signal first passes through the first directional coupler and then is separated into two signals. The signal at the first output end of the first directional coupler is 1 / 2∠-90°, and the signal at the second output end is 1 / 2∠0°. The signal 1 / 2∠-90° flows to the first input end of the third directional coupler. After the signal 1 / 2∠-90° passes through the third directional coupler, the signal at the first output end of the third directional coupler is N / (2×(N+1))∠-90°, and the signal at the second output end of the third directional coupler is 1 / (2×(N+1))∠-270°. The signal 1 / 2∠0° at the second output end of the first directional coupler flows to At the first input end of the second directional coupler, after the signal 1 / 2∠0° passes through the second directional coupler, the signal at the first output end of the second directional coupler is N / (2×(N+1))∠0°, and the signal at the second output end of the second directional coupler is 1 / (2×(N+1))∠-180°; if a signal is input from the first input port, the output signals of the second output port, the third output port, the first output port and the fourth output port are 1 / (2×(N+1))∠-270°, N / (2×(N+1))∠0°, N / (2×(N+1))∠-90°, and 1 / (2×(N+1))∠-180° respectively; When the second output port, the third output port, the first output port and the fourth output port of the matrix network are respectively connected to the 4-unit arrays with equal spacing, two radiation patterns with different beam directions are generated.

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