A testing machine and testing method for testing the swing strength of support legs of a load-molded pallet

Abstract

The present invention relates to a testing device and a testing method for molded products. The purpose is to provide a testing machine and a testing method for testing a load molded pallet, the testing machine should be able to test the bearing strength of the supporting legs of the molded pallet in a swinging state and the bonding strength between the supporting legs and the bearing surface, and have the characteristics of simple structure and convenient operation; the method has the characteristics of concise steps and strong pertinence of the test items. The technical scheme is: a testing machine for testing the swing strength of the supporting legs of a load molded pallet, including a base and a controller; the characteristics are: the base is provided with a machine base that can move reciprocatingly horizontally, a workbench that can be rotatably positioned on the top of the machine base around a vertical axis, and a plurality of clamps installed on the workbench for fixing the molded pallet; the machine base is movably positioned on the base through a linear moving mechanism, and is driven by a moving mechanism to perform reciprocating linear motion; the workbench is positioned on the machine base through a rotating mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a molded product testing device and a testing method, in particular to a testing machine and a testing method for testing the swing strength of supporting legs of a load molded tray. Background Art

[0002] Pallets are one of the two major components of modern logistics containers in the world today. They are the carriers of modern logistics cargo loading, unloading and transportation. Compared with traditional cargo carriers, they have the advantages of high work efficiency, low logistics costs, safe and convenient transportation. Pallets stack scattered goods and form a transportation system of container units together with containers, becoming the main part of the modern logistics system.

[0003] Wood is the earliest material used to make pallets. It occupies a dominant position in the pallet market due to its convenient material acquisition, simple manufacturing process and low production cost. However, wooden pallets consume a huge amount of high-quality wood in their manufacture and use. Wooden pallets have weak natural mechanical properties and are easily damaged during use. They are easily deformed and moldy when exposed to moisture, causing the goods to be contaminated. Therefore, the dominant wood pallets are gradually replaced by wood shavings molded pallets.

[0004] Since wood shavings molded pallets are made of wood shavings of certain specifications from the "three wastes" of forestry, and are made by gluing and high-temperature molding, in order to ensure that the load can be effectively transferred from the load-bearing surface to the support legs under load, it is necessary to effectively control the bonding strength between the pallet load-bearing surface and the support legs. It is necessary to obtain the test data of the swing strength of the load-bearing pallet support legs in a timely manner. Since the existing pallet standards are basically formulated for solid wood pallets, the mechanical transfer principles of molded pallets and solid wood pallets are obviously different. The detection methods and detection equipment of the existing detection standards can no longer meet the test requirements for the swing strength of the load-bearing molded pallet support legs. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology and to provide a testing machine and a testing method for testing load-bearing molded pallets. The testing machine should be able to test the bearing strength of the supporting legs of the molded pallet in a swinging state and the bonding strength between the supporting legs and the bearing surface, and have the characteristics of simple structure and easy operation; the method has the characteristics of concise steps and highly targeted test items.

[0006] The technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0007] A testing machine for testing the swing strength of the supporting legs of a loaded molded tray, comprising a base and a controller; characterized in that: the base is provided with a machine base capable of reciprocating horizontal movement, a workbench rotatably positioned on the top of the machine base around a vertical axis, and a plurality of clamps mounted on the workbench for fixing the molded tray;

[0008] The machine base is movably positioned on the base through a linear moving mechanism and is driven by a moving mechanism to perform reciprocating linear motion;

[0009] The workbench is positioned on the machine base through a rotating mechanism and driven by a driving mechanism so as to realize rotation around a vertical axis;

[0010] The moving mechanism and the driving mechanism are both connected to the controller via wired or wireless devices.

[0011] The linear moving mechanism comprises two guide rails which are arranged on a base and are parallel to each other, and a plurality of rollers which are respectively arranged at the bottom ends of the left and right sides of the base and matched with the two guide rails.

[0012] The moving mechanism comprises a linear moving motor fixed to a base, a power disc fixed on the shaft of the linear moving motor as a crank, and a connecting rod with two ends respectively hinged to the power disc and the base.

[0013] The rotating mechanism comprises an inner ring guide rail fixed at the center of the top end of the bridge frame and an outer ring slider fixed on the bottom surface of the workbench and slidably engaged with the inner ring guide rail.

[0014] The driving mechanism comprises a rotating motor fixed to a machine base, a gear ring made on the outer circumference of an outer ring slider, and a driving gear fixed on the rotating motor shaft and meshing with the gear ring.

[0015] The plurality of clamps are respectively fixed on the workbench through a locking and adjusting frame, so that the position of each clamp corresponds to the position of the supporting legs of the molded tray.

[0016] The clamp comprises a fixed plate and a movable plate which can move relative to the fixed plate, and an inclined wedge block applies a thrust to the movable plate to make it move, so that the fixed plate and the movable plate clamp the supporting legs of the molded tray.

[0017] A method for testing the swing strength of the support legs of a loaded molded pallet is carried out in the following steps:

[0018] 1) Place the molded tray on the workbench, align the supporting legs of the molded tray one by one with the clamps on the workbench and clamp them with the clamps;

[0019] 2) Apply heavy objects to the molded pallet to simulate the actual transportation working environment;

[0020] 3) Start the linear moving mechanism of the testing machine to make the machine base and the workbench move reciprocatingly horizontally; the stroke of the reciprocating horizontal movement is 200mm~400mm, and the specific stroke can be determined according to the actual test needs; the speed of the reciprocating horizontal movement is 100mm~200mm / second, and the test can be carried out according to the set speed;

[0021] 4) Turn on the driving mechanism of the testing machine to rotate the workbench 90 degrees around the vertical axis, and then start the linear moving mechanism of the testing machine again to make the machine base and the workbench move reciprocatingly horizontally; the stroke of the reciprocating horizontal movement is 200mm~400mmm, and the specific stroke can be determined according to the actual test needs; the rate of the reciprocating horizontal movement is 100mm~200mm / second, and the test can be carried out according to the set rate.

[0022] 5) Perform a cyclic test with a specified number of linear movements plus one rotation as one test number. The test is terminated if any supporting leg shows visible deformation, cracking, or fracture at the joint with the bearing surface, or if the specified number of tests is reached.

[0023] 6) After the test stops, remove the weight on the pallet, loosen the clamp, and remove the molded pallet.

[0024] The weight of the heavy object in step 2) is determined according to the load capacity of the molded pallet; the heavy object can be a sandbag or a metal block. The heavy objects should be evenly distributed on the pallet so that the force on each support leg is balanced. The heavy objects placed on the pallet should be fixed to prevent them from falling when the pallet is moved and rotated, which may endanger the safety of property and personnel.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The test method provided by the present invention, because it simulates the actual transportation working environment, is highly targeted and has simple test steps. It can accurately and effectively test whether the pressure bearing strength of the support legs of the molded pallet and the bonding strength between the support legs and the load-bearing surface meet the requirements in the actual transportation environment; the equipment provided by the present invention is equipped with a corresponding motion mechanism, so it can perform tests on related items in accordance with the requirements of the test standards (horizontal shaking tests in two directions with a difference of 90 degrees); and the angled clamp shape configured by the present invention is compatible with the shape of the support legs of the molded pallet, which not only has a firm clamping and good stability, but also will not damage the support legs. In addition, the overall structure of the present invention is relatively simple and compact, has strong operability, is easy to maintain, and has low manufacturing and maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of an explosion of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 43D is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the swing mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention (a view after removing the components located above the guide rail).

[0031] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of some components (installation position diagram of the rotating mechanism on the machine base).

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the locking adjustment frame.

[0033] Figure 7 2. It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking and adjusting frame from a top view.

[0034] Figure 8 It is a left view structural schematic diagram of the locking adjustment frame.

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the locking adjustment frame.

[0036] Fig.10 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A in FIG.

[0037] Fig.11 yes Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B in FIG.

[0038] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the molded pallet.

[0039] Fig.13 It is a three-dimensional enlarged structural schematic diagram of a molded pallet.

[0040] Fig.14 yes Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part D in FIG.

[0041] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the clamping state of the support legs during molded pallet testing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0043] Fig.12 , Fig.13 The molded tray M shown is in the shape of a flat plate (the size of the horizontal plane projection area depends on the goods carried), and the bottom end of the molded tray has support legs M1 formed by molding (the bottom end of the molded tray in the figure has 9 support legs.

[0044] As shown in the figure, the molded tray swing testing machine includes a base 3 and a controller.

[0045] The base is provided with a machine base (the machine base includes a machine body box plate 7 arranged parallel to each other on the front and rear sides and a plurality of fixing rods 21 connecting the two machine body box plates). The machine base is movably positioned on the base through a linear moving mechanism, and is subjected to a driving force applied by a moving mechanism to perform reciprocating linear movement (reciprocating horizontal movement). In the linear moving mechanism: two guide rails 1 are arranged parallel to each other on the base, and the spacing between the two guide rails is suitable for the distance between the front and rear sides of the machine base; a plurality of rollers 4 are respectively arranged at the bottom ends of the front and rear sides of the machine base ( Figure 4 It is shown in the figure that four rollers are respectively installed at the bottom end of each side of the machine box plate, two of which are installed at the ends of the two bottom rods 6, and the other two rollers are positioned on the machine box plate through the roller shafts, and are respectively engaged with the two guide rails for movement. In the moving mechanism: the linear moving motor 8 is fixed on the base, the power disk 5 as a crank is fixed on the linear moving motor shaft, and the two ends of the connecting rod 22 are respectively hinged to the power disk and the machine base (it can be seen in the figure that one end of the connecting rod is hinged to a fixed rod 21, and the two ends of the fixed rod are fixed to the machine box plate).

[0046] The top of the machine base is provided with a workbench 14 which can be rotated around a vertical axis. The workbench is positioned on the machine base through a rotating mechanism, and a driving mechanism drives the workbench to rotate around the vertical axis. The machine base also includes the following structures (see Figure 4 , Figure 5 ): The two ends of the bridge 19 are respectively inserted into the two fixing rods through the through holes, and the inserted parts are welded and fixed; two mutually parallel reinforcing plates 9 are riveted to the mortise on the bridge through the mortise, and four vertical fixing plates 10 are respectively fixed at the four intersections of the reinforcing plates and the bridge, so that the reinforcing plate surface and the bridge surface remain perpendicular (the two mutually perpendicular sides of the vertical fixing plate are respectively welded and fixed to the reinforcing plate and the bridge). The rotating mechanism can have a variety of structures to choose from; Figure 3 , Figure 5 In the embodiment shown: the inner ring guide rail 18 is covered on four vertical fixing plates and fixed to the vertical fixing plates by bolts, and the outer ring slider 13 is fixed (fixed by fasteners) on the bottom surface of the workbench; the inner hole diameter of the outer ring slider is consistent with the outer diameter of the inner ring guide rail, and the thickness of the inner ring guide rail (the dimension in the vertical direction) is greater than the thickness of the outer ring slider. Therefore, after the inner ring guide rail is inserted into the inner hole of the outer ring slider, the end face of the inner ring guide rail is attached to the bottom surface of the workbench, thereby forming a rotating mechanism. Alternatively, the rotating mechanism uses a purchased slewing bearing turntable, provided that it has a sufficiently strong load-bearing capacity.

[0047] In the driving mechanism: the rotating motor 11 is fixed on the machine base through the motor support plate 11-1 ( Figure 5As can be seen in the figure, it is fixed to the bridge frame and the reinforcement plate by fasteners), the outer circumferential surface of the outer ring slider is made with a gear ring, and a driving gear 12 that can mesh with the gear ring is fixed on the rotating motor shaft; the rotating motor is started, and the rotation of the workbench can be achieved as required through the meshing of the driving gear and the gear ring.

[0048] Several clamps 15 for fixing the molded tray support legs are installed on the workbench through a locking adjustment frame, and the positions of these clamps correspond to the positions of the molded tray support legs. Rubber pads are set at the contact parts of the clamps with the support legs to fix them without damaging the support legs.

[0049] In the locking adjustment frame (existing technology), three vertical guide rails 31 are fixed (preferably welded) on the workbench in parallel with each other, and the transverse guide rail 33 is fixed on the vertical slider 32 that slides with the vertical guide rail; the clamp is fixed on the transverse slider 34 that cooperates with the transverse guide rail through the support plate 35; in addition, the support frame 41 is fixed to the push rod 42, and the clamp 40 fixed on the support frame clamps and fixes the inclined wedge block 39 (the inclined wedge block is pushed and pressed with the movable clamp in the clamp); the support frame is also fixed through the support plate 45 located at the bottom thereof ( Figure 6 , Fig.10 is obscured by the support plate; see Fig.11 ) is fixed to the second adjusting slider, and the second adjusting slider ( Figure 6 , Fig.10 The push rod 42 is located at the rear side of the transverse slide 34 and is blocked by the transverse slide 34 and can also be slidably positioned on the transverse guide rail 33 and is spaced a certain distance from the transverse slide 34. Figure 6The control motor 43 is fixed to the transverse guide rail, and the output shaft of the control motor drives the push rod through the driven screw (the screw nut matched with the screw is fixed on the push rod). When the control motor is started, the three support frames and the inclined wedges on the support frames can be driven to move together. In addition, the clamp is formed by combining a fixed clamp 36 and a movable clamp 38. The shape of the clamp formed by the fixed clamp and the movable clamp is consistent with the external shape of the support leg of the molded tray, so as to provide a reliable clamping force for the molded tray without causing damage to the support leg of the molded tray. The fixed clamp is fixed on the support plate 35, and the support plate is fixed on the transverse slider 34 (after the position of the clamp is determined, the locking bolt on the transverse slider is tightened to connect and lock the transverse slider with the transverse guide rail). The movable fixture is positioned on the support plate 35 through a movable structure; the movable structure (conventional structure, omitted in the figure) includes a waist-shaped groove opened on the movable fixture and a positioning pin fixed in the waist-shaped groove, and the head of the positioning pin is a boss larger than the width of the waist-shaped groove, so the movable fixture can move a certain distance along the length direction of the waist-shaped groove, but cannot be separated from the positioning pin. Therefore, when the control motor drives the three support frames and the supporting wedge block to move together, the movable fixture is immediately pushed and clamps and fixes the support legs of the molded tray together with the fixed fixture.

[0050] The vertical guide rail and the transverse guide rail of the present invention can meet the needs of testing molded pallets of different specifications; when testing a molded pallet of a certain specification, first put the support legs of the molded pallet into the fixture, and after the relative position of the vertical slider and the vertical guide rail is adjusted, tighten the fastening screws 32-1 on the vertical slider to fasten the vertical slider and the vertical guide rail as a whole; then after the relative position of the transverse slider and the transverse guide rail is adjusted, tighten the fastening screws 34-1 on the transverse slider to fasten the transverse slider and the transverse guide rail as a whole. The positions of multiple support legs on the molded pallet of this specification are determined, and then when testing, it is only necessary to start the control motor to clamp or loosen the support legs of each molded pallet to be tested. If the next molded pallet of a different specification is to be tested, it is necessary to readjust the relative position of the vertical slider and the vertical guide rail and the relative position of the transverse slider and the transverse guide rail.

[0051] The moving mechanism and the driving mechanism are electrically connected to the controller via wired or wireless devices, and the operation of each mechanism is uniformly controlled by the controller; the controller is installed on the operation console 23.

[0052] In addition, the present invention also adopts a guardrail surrounded by baffles 2 to isolate employees during inspection to ensure safety.

[0053] The working principle of the present invention is: place the molded tray M horizontally on the workbench, then embed the supporting legs M1 at the bottom of the molded tray into the clamps one by one, and clamp the clamp to effectively fix the molded tray; then place a certain weight of heavy objects in the molded tray (usually sand bags or metal blocks, and the heavy objects can be evenly placed on the molded tray by lifting equipment such as electric hoists) to make the molded tray simulate the actual load-bearing state; then start the linear motion motor 9, so that the machine base carrying the load-bearing molded tray moves back and forth in a straight line at a stroke and speed determined by the test requirements (horizontal shaking test); after the straight line motion stops, start the rotating motor 11 again, so that the machine base rotates 90 degrees around the vertical axis within a specified time; then restart the linear motion motor to perform a horizontal movement test in the other direction of the molded tray (reciprocating linear motion back and forth according to the stroke and speed determined by the test requirements); during the test, if the supporting legs are damaged or the joint between the supporting legs and the bearing surface is damaged, or the specified number of tests is reached, the test ends.

[0054] In the above test, the workbench (on which a pallet carrying a heavy object is fixed) is driven to reciprocate linearly for several times, and then the rotating mechanism drives the workbench to rotate 90° within a specified time, and then continues to reciprocate linearly for several times. In this way, one test cycle is determined as one test. This cycle is repeated until any of the supporting legs deform, crack or break, or when the specified number of tests is reached, the operation is stopped and the number of cycles is recorded.

Claims

1. A testing machine for testing the swing strength of a support leg of a load-molded pallet, comprising a base (3) and a controller; characterized in that: The base is provided with a machine base capable of reciprocating horizontal movement, a workbench (14) rotatably positioned on the top of the frame around a vertical axis, and a plurality of clamps (15) mounted on the workbench for fixing the molded tray; The machine base is movably positioned on the base through a linear moving mechanism and is driven by a moving mechanism to perform reciprocating linear motion; The workbench is positioned on the machine base through a rotating mechanism and driven by a driving mechanism so as to realize rotation around a vertical axis; The moving mechanism and the driving mechanism are both connected to the controller via wired or wireless devices; The linear motion mechanism comprises two guide rails (1) arranged on a base and parallel to each other, and a plurality of rollers (4) respectively arranged at the bottom ends of the left and right sides of the frame and matched with the two guide rails; The moving mechanism comprises a linear moving motor (8) fixed to a base, a power disk (5) fixed to the shaft of the linear moving motor as a crank, and a connecting rod with two ends respectively hinged to the power disk and the frame; The rotating mechanism comprises an inner ring guide rail (18) fixed at the center of the top end of the bridge frame and an outer ring slider (13) fixed to the bottom surface of the workbench and slidably engaged with the inner ring guide rail; The driving mechanism comprises a rotating motor (11) fixed to a machine base, a gear ring made on the outer circumference of an outer ring slider, and a driving gear (12) fixed to a shaft of the rotating motor and meshing with the gear ring; A plurality of clamps are fixed on the workbench through a locking adjustment frame, so that the position of each clamp corresponds to the position of the support leg of the molded tray; The clamp comprises a fixed plate (15-1) and a movable plate (15-2) capable of relative movement with the fixed plate, and an inclined wedge block (39) applies a thrust to the movable plate to make it move, so that the fixed plate and the movable plate clamp the supporting leg of the molded tray; The method for testing the swing strength of the support legs of the molded pallet using the testing machine for testing the swing strength of the support legs of the molded pallet is carried out according to the following steps: 1) Place the molded tray on the workbench, align the supporting legs of the molded tray one by one with the clamps on the workbench and clamp them with the clamps; 2) Apply heavy objects to the molded pallet to simulate the actual transportation working environment; 3) Start the linear moving mechanism of the testing machine to make the machine base and the workbench move back and forth horizontally; the stroke of the reciprocating horizontal movement is 200mm~400mm, and the specific stroke can be determined according to the actual test needs; the speed of the reciprocating horizontal movement is 100mm~200mm / second, and the test can be carried out according to the set speed; 4) Turn on the driving mechanism of the testing machine to rotate the workbench 90 degrees around the vertical axis, and then start the linear moving mechanism of the testing machine again to make the machine base and the workbench move reciprocatingly horizontally; the stroke of the reciprocating horizontal movement is 200mm~400mmm, and the specific stroke can be determined according to the actual test needs; the speed of the reciprocating horizontal movement is 100mm~200mm / second, and the test can be carried out according to the set speed; 5) Perform a cyclic test by moving in a straight line for a specified number of times and rotating once, which is one test number. The test is terminated if any supporting leg is visibly deformed, cracked, or fractured at the joint with the supporting surface, or if the specified number of tests is reached. 6) After the test stops, remove the weight on the pallet, loosen the clamp, and remove the molded pallet.

2. The testing machine for testing the swing strength of the support legs of the load-molded pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass of the heavy objects in step 2) is determined according to the explicit load-bearing capacity of the molded pallet; the heavy objects can be sandbags or metal blocks; they should be evenly distributed on the pallet so that the force on each supporting leg is balanced; the heavy objects placed on the pallet should be fixed to prevent them from falling when the pallet is moved and rotated, causing accidents that endanger property and personnel safety.

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