A biomechanical multifunctional loading bracket and detection method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a biomechanical multifunctional loading bracket, comprising a base, wherein two sliding tracks are symmetrically arranged on the upper part of the base; at least two vertical rods and at least two horizontal rods, wherein the two vertical rods and the two horizontal rods are assembled into a "#"-shaped structure through a connecting block; a plurality of pulley blocks, wherein each horizontal rod is provided with at least four pulley blocks, and each vertical rod is provided with at least one pulley block; a fixing fixture; and a plurality of weights. It also relates to a biomechanical loading detection method. The advantages thereof are that the structure is simple, and the positions of various components can be conveniently adjusted according to experimental needs to adapt to different experimental environments; the unidirectional motion and compound motion can be simulated, and the experimental data are more comprehensive and accurate; the method is suitable for specimens of human limb bones and joints, and is a universal biomechanical multifunctional loading bracket, which can effectively reduce experimental costs, and can compare experimental data of different bones and joints under the same standard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biomechanics experimental instruments, and in particular to a biomechanics multifunctional loading bracket. Background Art

[0002] Biological specimens or models, such as the ankle, have complex simple or compound movements that are difficult to simulate through in vitro mechanical loading. Currently, there is a lack of a universal biomechanical loading bracket that simulates simple or compound movements of biological specimens (such as human limb joints) or models to achieve couple moment, bending moment and balanced loading of specimens or models.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a biomechanical loading experimental device that can simulate simple foot movement in order to perform stability testing, obtain the extreme range of motion of the foot, and establish relevant experimental models. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a biomechanical multifunctional loading bracket in view of the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A biomechanical multifunctional loading bracket, comprising:

[0007] A base, wherein two sliding rails are symmetrically arranged on the upper part of the base;

[0008] At least two vertical bars and at least two horizontal bars, the two vertical bars and the two horizontal bars are assembled into a "#"-shaped structure through a connecting block;

[0009] A slider is provided at the bottom of each vertical rod, and the vertical rod reciprocates on the sliding track on the base through the slider;

[0010] A plurality of pulley blocks, at least four of which are arranged on each of the horizontal bars, and at least one of which is arranged on each of the vertical bars;

[0011] A fixing fixture, the fixing fixture comprising at least two upper connecting rings and at least two lower connecting rings, the upper connecting rings being symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the upper portion of the fixing fixture, and the lower connecting rings being symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower portion of the fixing fixture;

[0012] A plurality of weights, wherein the weights are sequentially connected to the pulley block, the upper connecting ring or the lower connecting ring through connecting lines;

[0013] Wherein, the pulley block is a fixed pulley block.

[0014] The pulley block is detachably arranged on the cross bar or the vertical bar.

[0015] Preferably, the pulley block comprises a connecting ring, a supporting rod, a pulley and a fixing bolt, the connecting ring and the pulley are respectively provided at two ends of the supporting rod, and the fixing bolt is provided through one side of the connecting ring.

[0016] Preferably, the pulley block comprises a first pulley block and a second pulley block, and the height of the first pulley block is greater than the height of the second pulley block.

[0017] Preferably, each of the cross bars is provided with at least two of the first pulley sets and at least two of the second pulley sets.

[0018] Preferably, on each crossbar, two of the first pulley sets are arranged between two of the second pulley sets; or

[0019] The two second pulley sets are arranged between the two first pulley sets.

[0020] Preferably, each of the vertical rods is provided with at least one of the first pulley set or the second pulley set.

[0021] Preferably, it comprises four vertical rods and four horizontal rods, wherein two vertical rods and two horizontal rods are assembled into a "#" shaped structure through connecting blocks, and the remaining two vertical rods and horizontal rods are assembled into a "#" shaped structure through connecting blocks, and the two "#" shaped structures are arranged front and back on the base.

[0022] Preferably, the fixing fixture comprises four upper connecting rings and four lower connecting rings, the four upper connecting rings are symmetrically arranged at the four corners of the upper portion of the fixing fixture, and the four lower connecting rings are symmetrically arranged at the four corners of the lower portion of the fixing fixture.

[0023] The present invention also relates to a biomechanical loading detection method, comprising the following steps:

[0024] Fix the specimen bone joint in the fixture to maintain the preset neutral position;

[0025] Apply two force couples of equal magnitude and opposite directions to the left and right sides of the fixing fixture, so that the fixing fixture reaches a steady state under equilibrium;

[0026] Superimposing different bending moments on the top, bottom, left and right of the fixing fixture to obtain corresponding experimental data;

[0027] The bending moment superimposed on the fixing fixture is cancelled, the size of one of the two couple moments of the fixing fixture (5) is changed, and corresponding experimental data is obtained.

[0028] Preferably, the magnitudes of the couple moment and the bending moment are varied using stepped loading.

[0029] Preferably, after each superposition of the bending moment, observation is performed for a certain period of time, and the three-dimensional coordinates are obtained using a three-dimensional coordinate meter. When the three-dimensional coordinates do not change, it is confirmed that the loading is completed.

[0030] Preferably, the method further comprises: removing the loading and drawing a load-deformation curve diagram.

[0031] Preferably, the method further comprises: repeating the superposition of the bending moment operation at least once.

[0032] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, and has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0033] The biomechanical multifunctional loading bracket and detection method of the present invention have a simple structure, can conveniently adjust the positions of various components according to experimental needs, and adapt to different experimental environments; can simulate unidirectional movement and compound movement, and the experimental data are more comprehensive and accurate; suitable for human limb bone and joint specimens, is a universal biomechanical multifunctional loading bracket, can effectively reduce experimental costs, and can compare experimental data of different bone and joints under the same standard. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an illustrative embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a base according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a vertical rod according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a connection block according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a pulley assembly according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a fixing fixture according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a fixing fixture according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: base 1; vertical rod 2; horizontal rod 3; pulley block 4; fixing clamp 5; weight 6; connecting block 7; sliding track 11; slider 21; connecting ring 41; support rod 42; pulley 43; fixing bolt 44; upper connecting ring 51; lower connecting ring 52; fixing groove 53; connecting hole 71; connecting bolt 72. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0045] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0046] An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is as follows Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a biomechanical multifunctional loading bracket includes a base 1, a vertical rod 2, a horizontal rod 3, a pulley block 4, a fixing fixture 5 and a weight 6.

[0047] The base 1 is rectangular, and sliding rails 11 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the upper portion thereof.

[0048] The two vertical rods 2 and the two horizontal rods 3 are assembled into a “#”-shaped structure through a connecting block 7. A slider 21 is provided at the bottom of each vertical rod 2. The slider 21 cooperates with the sliding track 11 so that the “#”-shaped structure can reciprocate on the base 1.

[0049] A limiting hole (not shown) is provided on the slider 21, and a limiting groove (not shown) is provided on the sliding track 11. A limiting bolt (not shown) passes through the limiting groove and the limiting hole in sequence to fix the slider 21 to prevent the slider 21 from being displaced during use.

[0050] A pulley block 4 is arranged on each vertical rod 2, and four pulley blocks 4 are arranged on each horizontal rod 3. In the "#"-shaped structure formed by assembling the vertical rods 2 and the horizontal rods 3, all the pulley blocks 4 are arranged inwardly, that is, for the vertical rod 2 located on the left side, the pulley block 4 connected thereto is arranged to the right; for the vertical rod 2 located on the right side, the pulley block 4 connected thereto is arranged to the left; for the horizontal rod 3 located on the lower side, the pulley block 4 connected thereto is arranged to the upward side; and for the horizontal rod 3 located on the upper side, the pulley block 4 connected thereto is arranged to the downward side.

[0051] As for the pulley block 4, it can be a movable pulley block or a fixed pulley block. In the present embodiment, it is preferably a fixed pulley block.

[0052] The pulley block 4 may be integrally connected to the vertical bar 2 or the horizontal bar 3, i.e., the position is fixed and cannot be adjusted; or it may be detachably connected to the vertical bar 2 or the horizontal bar 3, i.e., the position is adjustable. In this embodiment, the pulley block 4 that can be adjusted in position is preferred.

[0053] For the pulley block 4 with adjustable position, each pulley block 4 includes a connecting ring 41, a support column 42, a pulley 43 and a fixing bolt 44. The connecting ring 41 and the pulley 43 are respectively provided at both ends of the support column 42, and the fixing bolt 44 is provided through one side of the connecting ring 41. When the pulley block 4 is connected to the vertical rod 2 or the horizontal rod 3, the fixing bolt 44 is rotated counterclockwise to put the connecting ring 41 on the vertical rod 2 or the horizontal rod 3, and then after adjusting the position, the fixing bolt 44 is rotated clockwise to fix the pulley block 4 to avoid displacement during use.

[0054] The fixing clamp 5 includes two upper connecting rings 51, two lower connecting rings 52 and a fixing groove 53. The fixing groove 53 is arranged on the upper surface, lower surface or middle part of the fixing clamp. The two upper connecting rings 51 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the fixing clamp 5, and the two lower connecting rings 52 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower surface of the fixing clamp 5.

[0055] The weight 6 is connected to the pulley block 4 , the upper connecting ring 51 or the lower connecting ring 52 via a connecting line to apply a force to the fixing fixture 5 .

[0056] For the lower cross bar 3, there are two pulley blocks 4 on each side. For the two pulley blocks 4 on the left, a weight 6 is connected to the two pulley blocks 4 in sequence, and then connected to the lower connecting ring 52 on the left side of the fixing fixture 5; for the two pulley blocks 4 on the right, a weight 6 is connected to the two pulley blocks 4 in sequence, and then connected to the lower connecting ring 52 on the right side of the fixing fixture 5.

[0057] For the upper cross bar 3, there are two pulley blocks 4 on each side. For the two pulley blocks 4 on the left, a weight 6 is connected to the two pulley blocks 4 in sequence, and then connected to the upper connecting ring 51 on the left side of the fixing fixture 5. For the two pulley blocks 4 on the right, a weight 6 is connected to the two pulley blocks 4 in sequence, and then connected to the upper connecting ring 51 on the right side of the fixing fixture 5.

[0058] For the vertical rod 2 on the left, a weight 6 is first connected to the pulley block 4 and then connected to the lower connecting ring 52 of the fixing fixture 5 located on the left side.

[0059] For the vertical rod 2 on the right side, a weight 6 is first connected to the pulley block 4 and then connected to the lower connecting ring 52 of the fixing fixture 5 located on the right side.

[0060] In this embodiment, the distance between the upper and lower cross bars 3 can be adjusted, and the position of the pulley block 4 can be set symmetrically or asymmetrically.

[0061] The connection block 7 includes two connection holes 71 and two connection bolts 72, wherein one connection hole 71 penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the connection block 7, and the other connection hole 71 penetrates the left and right surfaces of the connection block 7, and the two connection holes 71 do not interfere with each other. One connection bolt 72 is located on the upper or lower side of the left and right penetrating connection hole 71, and the other connection bolt 72 is located on the left or right side of the top and bottom penetrating connection hole 71. By tightening and loosening the connection bolts 72, the size of the middle opening of the "#"-shaped structure assembled by the vertical rod 2 and the horizontal rod 3 can be adjusted.

[0062] On the basis of the above-mentioned schematic embodiment, further, the pulley group 4 includes a first pulley group and a second pulley group, the structures of the first pulley group and the second pulley group are the same, and the only difference is that the height of the first pulley group is greater than the height of the second pulley group, that is, the length of the support rod 42 of the first pulley group is greater than the length of the support rod 42 of the second pulley group.

[0063] When making specific settings, generally, two first pulley groups and two second pulley groups are set on each cross bar 3, wherein the two first pulley groups are respectively set on the left and right sides of the cross bar 3, and the two second pulley groups are respectively set on the left and right sides of the cross bar 3.

[0064] For the first pulley block and the second pulley block on the crossbar 3, their arrangements include but are not limited to the following:

[0065] From left to right, the first pulley block, the second pulley block, the second pulley block and the first pulley block are arranged in sequence;

[0066] From left to right, the second pulley block, the first pulley block, the first pulley block, and the second pulley block are arranged in sequence;

[0067] From left to right, a first pulley block, a second pulley block, a first pulley block, and a second pulley block are sequentially arranged;

[0068] The second pulley block, the first pulley block, the second pulley block and the first pulley block are arranged in sequence from left to right.

[0069] Through the arrangement of the above different positions, the force exerted by the weight 6 on the fixing fixture 5 has different directions, thereby obtaining more comprehensive and detailed data.

[0070] Furthermore, if Figures 7-8As shown, the biomechanical multifunctional loading support of the present invention includes two “#”-shaped structures, which are arranged front and back. Correspondingly, the fixing fixture 5 includes four upper connecting rings 51 and four lower connecting rings 52.

[0071] Four upper connection rings 51 are disposed at four corners of the upper surface of the fixing fixture 5 , and four lower connection rings 52 are disposed at four corners of the lower surface of the fixing fixture 5 .

[0072] The main purpose of setting up two "#"-shaped structures arranged in front and back is to simulate a more complex motion state, so that the fixing fixture 5 can change in the direction of front and back in addition to the direction of up, down, left and right.

[0073] The method of using this illustrative embodiment is as follows: test the specimen foot and fix the specimen foot in the fixing groove 53 of the fixing fixture 5 so that it remains in a preset neutral position; connect weights 6 of the same weight to the pulley blocks 4 on the left and right vertical rods 2 respectively, and superimpose two force couples of equal size and opposite direction so that the forefoot of the specimen foot reaches a steady state under balance; on the basis of balanced loading, superimpose different bending moments on the upper, lower, left and right sides of the fixing fixture 5, that is, apply weights 6 of different weights to the pulley blocks 4 on the left and right sides of the upper cross bar 3 and the lower cross bar 3, so that the specimen foot reaches the extreme motion degrees of dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, abduction and adduction; after the superimposed bending moment loading is completed, restore the specimen foot to the neutral position, change the size of one of the two balanced force couples, so that the forefoot rotates to reach a new extreme steady state, and obtain the extreme motion degrees of eversion and varus of the forefoot.

[0074] When the forefoot of the specimen is loaded, the forefoot plantar plane can be separated from the rear foot plantar plane. Therefore, the magnitude of the moment in each direction must be controlled during loading. When loading in abduction and adduction, the forefoot plantar plane must coincide with the entire plantar plane. When loading in dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, inversion and eversion, the forefoot plantar plane must move only around one axis.

[0075] During the loading process, according to the theorem of limit loading, the torque size is changed through graded loading to make the movement of the forefoot in a single direction reach the limit movement platform and observe for a certain time (such as 10 minutes). Then, any landmark point is detected in combination with a three-dimensional coordinate meter. When the three-dimensional coordinates do not change, it is confirmed that it has reached the limit steady state of movement in that direction.

[0076] Finally, remove the applied load and draw the load-deformation curve. In order to avoid damage to the internal structure of the specimen foot during extreme loading, the above operation needs to be repeated at least twice. If the load-deformation curve distribution of the foot under the same graded loading is basically the same, it can be considered that the extreme loading is effective and the extreme load has not reached the ultimate destructive load.

[0077] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the implementation mode and protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it should be aware that all solutions obtained by equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made using the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomechanical multifunctional loading bracket, characterized in that: include: A base (1), wherein two sliding rails (11) are symmetrically arranged on the upper part of the base (1); At least two vertical rods (2) and at least two horizontal rods (3), wherein the two vertical rods (2) and the two horizontal rods (3) are assembled into a "#"-shaped structure through a connecting block (7); A slider (21) is provided at the bottom of each vertical rod (2), and the vertical rod (2) moves back and forth on the sliding track (11) on the base (1) via the slider (21); A plurality of pulley blocks (4), at least four of which are arranged on each of the cross bars (3), and at least one of which is arranged on each of the vertical bars (2); all of the pulley blocks (4) are arranged inwardly, and for the vertical bar (2) located on the left, the pulley block (4) connected thereto is arranged toward the right, and for the vertical bar (2) located on the right, the pulley block (4) connected thereto is arranged toward the left, and for the cross bar (3) located on the lower side, the pulley block (4) connected thereto is arranged upward, and for the cross bar (3) located on the upper side, the pulley block (4) connected thereto is arranged downward; A fixing clamp (5), the fixing clamp (5) comprising at least two upper connecting rings (51) and at least two lower connecting rings (52), the upper connecting rings (51) being symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the upper part of the fixing clamp (5), and the lower connecting rings (52) being symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower part of the fixing clamp (5); A plurality of weights (6), wherein the weights (6) are sequentially connected to the pulley block (4), the upper connecting ring (51) or the lower connecting ring (52) via connecting lines; Wherein, the pulley block (4) is a fixed pulley block (4); The pulley block (4) is detachably arranged on the cross bar (3) or the vertical bar (2).

2. The biomechanical multifunctional loading bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulley block (4) comprises a connecting ring (41), a supporting rod (42), a pulley (43) and a fixing bolt (44); the connecting ring (41) and the pulley (43) are respectively arranged at two ends of the supporting rod (42); and the fixing bolt (44) is arranged to pass through one side of the connecting ring (41).

3. The biomechanical multifunctional loading bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulley block (4) comprises a first pulley block and a second pulley block, and the height of the first pulley block is greater than the height of the second pulley block.

4. The biomechanical multifunctional loading bracket according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the cross bars (3) is provided with at least two of the first pulley sets and at least two of the second pulley sets.

5. The biomechanical multifunctional loading bracket according to claim 4, characterized in that: On each crossbar (3), two of the first pulley assemblies are arranged between two of the second pulley assemblies; or The two second pulley sets are arranged between the two first pulley sets.

6. The biomechanical multifunctional loading bracket according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the vertical rods (2) is provided with at least one of the first pulley set or the second pulley set.

7. The biomechanical multifunctional loading bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises four vertical rods (2) and four horizontal rods (3), wherein two vertical rods (2) and two horizontal rods (3) are assembled into a "#"-shaped structure through a connecting block (7), and the remaining two vertical rods (2) and horizontal rods (3) are assembled into a "#"-shaped structure through a connecting block (7), and the two "#"-shaped structures are arranged front and back on the base (1).

8. The biomechanical multifunctional loading bracket according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixing clamp (5) comprises four upper connecting rings (51) and four lower connecting rings (52), wherein the four upper connecting rings (51) are symmetrically arranged at the four corners of the upper part of the fixing clamp (5), and the four lower connecting rings (52) are symmetrically arranged at the four corners of the lower part of the fixing clamp (5).

9. A biomechanical loading detection method, using the biomechanical multifunctional loading bracket according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Fixing the specimen bone joint on a fixing fixture (5) to maintain a preset neutral position; Applying two force couples of equal magnitude and opposite directions to the left and right sides of the fixing fixture (5) so that the fixing fixture reaches a steady state under equilibrium; Superimposing different bending moments on the top, bottom, left and right of the fixing fixture (5) to obtain corresponding experimental data; The bending moment superimposed on the fixing fixture (5) is cancelled, the size of one of the two couple moments of the fixing fixture (5) is changed, and corresponding experimental data are obtained.

10. The biomechanical loading detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Stepped loading is used to vary the magnitude of the couple moment and the bending moment.

Images