A model experimental device and method for studying wind temperature and humidity in deep soil tunnels

Abstract

The present invention relates to a model experimental device and method for studying the temperature and humidity of underground wind in deep soil. The experimental device is composed of a fan, a rectifying section and an air duct. The ventilation device is composed of a variable frequency fan, a rectifying section and a ventilation section. The variable frequency fan and the rectifying section stably supply air to the air duct in a specific environment, and a transparent acrylic plate serves as the main pipe. Phase change material is wrapped and evenly fixed to the inner side of the pipe wall, storing heat at high temperature and releasing heat at low temperature to control the stable temperature environment. Holes are evenly opened in the pipe, and a reverse osmosis membrane with selective permeability to water is placed in the holes in the pipe wall to control the water seepage rate and achieve a stable humidification effect. A sponge soaked in water is wrapped around the outermost side of the pipe to provide a uniform and stable water source for the device. The device is simple, convenient and low-cost. It can simulate the influence of deep soil in a hydropower station on the temperature and humidity of underground wind, and meet the needs of experimental personnel for studying the influence of deep soil on the temperature and humidity of underground wind under different environments of hydropower stations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ventilation temperature and humidity environment experiments, and in particular to a tunnel wind temperature and humidity research model experimental device and method that can be used for deep soil. Background Art

[0002] The vast volume of the ground has enormous heat absorption and release capabilities. In summer, the ground's temperature is generally lower than the outdoor air temperature, while in winter, it's higher than the outdoor air temperature. Using tunnels to cool or heat incoming air before delivering it to buildings can achieve significant energy savings and environmental benefits.

[0003] Tunnel cooling is a form of geothermal energy utilization. Due to the limitations of ground temperature, outdoor air flowing through the tunnel may not necessarily meet the required indoor air supply parameters. However, it can preheat or precool the outdoor air, resulting in significant energy savings. Winter temperatures in non-heated areas are also relatively low, and buildings lack heating equipment, resulting in poor comfort. Effectively utilizing tunnel air for ventilation and preheating when no one is inside a building, raising the temperature inside to above 10°C, can significantly improve the indoor working and living environment. Therefore, by utilizing the ground's ability to store both atmospheric heat and cold energy, with outdoor air as the working medium, the ground can serve as a cooling source when the ground temperature is lower than the outdoor air in summer, and as a heating source when the ground temperature is higher in winter. This maximizes the utilization of natural energy and reduces artificial energy consumption.

[0004] Tunnel air cooling technology has attracted considerable attention from designers due to its simplicity, resource conservation, and pollution-free nature. Its effective utilization has become a key technology for building energy conservation. Currently, underground buildings used in projects utilizing tunnel air for cooling are mostly shallow structures. Ground temperature fluctuates periodically, influenced by the annual and diurnal variations in surface temperature. The magnitude of this variation decreases exponentially with increasing depth. However, the soil temperature in deeper layers, also known as the isothermal layer, remains largely unchanged with surface temperature. Therefore, understanding the influence of this deep soil layer on air and implementing appropriate utilization strategies can help improve air quality and energy conservation within deep underground buildings. Furthermore, since hydropower stations are typically located underground and near water sources, where the surrounding soil is relatively humid, the walls continuously release moisture into the interior, resulting in high relative humidity and humid air within the cavern. Cavern wall materials (such as rock and loess) are inherently porous, allowing liquids and gases to permeate through them. Their moisture transfer characteristics are similar to those of porous building materials.

[0005] In recent years, several scholars have conducted theoretical research on tunnel ventilation. In 2004, Chen Qigao, based on a physical model of moisture transfer through underground cavern walls, established a differential equation for the process, derived a theoretical formula for wall moisture dissipation, and plotted it as a line graph. This can be used to conveniently calculate wall moisture dissipation and, given a design moisture dissipation value, estimate the time required for moisture dissipation to reach the design value. In 2015, Chen Qiang studied the dynamic heat transfer effects of tunnel ventilation using field measurements, numerical simulations, and theoretical analysis. Using measured data and hydropower station meteorological parameters to determine boundary conditions, he employed CFD technology to study the dynamic heat transfer between the tunnel and outdoor air intake in summer and winter, and validated the numerical simulation model with measured data. The dynamic heat transfer between the tunnel and outdoor air intake was calculated, and a formula for predicting the energy-saving potential of tunnel ventilation was derived. The relationship between the tunnel inlet air temperature, tunnel length, and wind speed and its heat transfer efficiency was analyzed. In 2016, He Xiaonan analyzed the impact of operating modes and various influencing factors on the heat transfer performance of tunnel ventilation systems, and the conclusions he obtained provided a reference for the design of tunnel ventilation systems in actual projects. In 2019, Zhang Zhijian constructed a theoretical model for the heat transfer performance of the inner wall of buried pipes in tunnel ventilation systems. Using orthogonal experimental methods, he studied the correlation of influencing factors and concluded that the main influencing factors are the tunnel inlet wind speed, the equivalent pipe diameter, and the soil type.

[0006] Based on the published research results, domestic and international scholars have conducted some research on tunnel ventilation, but most of this research is based on theoretical analysis, and most experimental studies are based on air supply from buried pipes in shallow soil layers. However, the utilization of tunnel ventilation in deep soil layers is limited. The ventilation process in many deep underground spaces is closely related to heat and humidity exchange along the walls. For example, the use of access tunnels and ventilation tunnels in pumped-storage power stations to introduce external airflow involves maintaining a constant temperature and stable humidification of the tunnel ventilation through the deep soil walls. Properly utilizing the heat and humidification processes of deep tunnel walls can contribute to energy conservation in tunnel ventilation systems. However, in-depth experimental research on the impact of deep soil on the constant temperature and stable humidification of tunnel ventilation walls is lacking. To verify and further investigate the temperature and humidity variations of tunnel ventilation, there is an urgent need to establish a cost-effective, easy-to-operate experimental device that can maintain a constant temperature and stable humidification. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Since entering deep underground spaces for on-site data collection is limited by operating conditions, and the cost of on-site test equipment is high, the present invention provides a simplified model device for studying the influence of temperature and humidity on tunnel wind that is easy to operate and low in cost, which solves the problems of difficulty in obtaining data and inconvenience in changing experimental conditions, and fills the gap in simplified experimental models for tunnel wind. The model device can be placed in the air for experiments, and the wall of the device has a similar effect of constant temperature and stable water seepage in deep underground soil. It has a simple structure, low material cost, and can be made by hand, which is enough to meet the research and experimental needs of most relevant scholars in this area. It is a relatively ideal research device for the laws of the influence of temperature and humidity on tunnel wind.

[0008] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the present invention are: small space occupation, simple structure, easy operation, low cost. It is composed of an internal ventilation device, a constant temperature device, and a humidification device, meeting the basic requirements of related research.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] A model experimental device for studying wind temperature and humidity in a deep soil tunnel comprises a variable frequency fan (1), a ventilation rectifier (2), a sponge soaked in water (3), a phase change material wrapped in tin foil (4), holes in a ventilation duct (5), a rope (6), a reverse osmosis membrane (7), an air duct body (8), a temperature sensor (9), a humidity sensor (10), an air duct bracket (11), a fan base (12), and a plastic sleeve (13).

[0011] The main body of the experimental platform consists of a variable frequency fan (1), a ventilation rectifier (2) and an air duct body (8). The variable frequency fan (1) is placed on the fan base (12). A honeycomb rectifier device composed of several plastic sleeves (13) is connected to the fan outlet through a soft connection, and the other side is connected to the starting section of the air duct. The rectifier rectifies the ventilation, thereby stably supplying air to the air duct; the air duct processes the temperature and humidity of the rectified air. The air duct body (8) is made of a cylindrical acrylic plate, and several circular holes along the ventilation direction are opened in the front, back, top and bottom directions of the air duct. The phase change material (4) wrapped in tin foil is attached to the inner wall of the air duct as a temperature control device. The phase change material has a strong heat storage capacity. It releases heat and solidifies when it is cold and absorbs heat and melts when it is hot, which can ensure a relatively stable temperature. Different reverse osmosis membranes (7) are selected and placed on the surface outside the air duct hole (5) to control different water permeability in the air duct. Reverse osmosis membrane is an artificial semipermeable membrane with certain characteristics made by simulating biological semipermeable membrane, generally made of polymer materials. The diameter of the surface micropores is generally between 0.5-10nm. The size of the permeability is related to the chemical structure of the membrane itself. Different polymer materials have different permeabilities to water. A sponge (3) soaked in water is selected and wrapped around the outside of the air duct as the moisture source of the test bench, and fixed with a rope (6). A total of four temperature sensors (9) and humidity sensors (10) are placed at the starting end, middle section (2), and end of the air duct respectively to monitor the changes in the air temperature and humidity in the air duct over time and at different positions.

[0012] The test bench is provided with a variable frequency fan (1) capable of providing a longitudinal wind speed in the range of 0 to 2 m / s in the pipeline.

[0013] A ventilation rectifier (2) made of several slender plastic sleeves (13) is provided.

[0014] N holes (5) are provided along the longitudinal direction, and the holes are located at four positions of the circular air duct, front, back, top, and bottom.

[0015] The reverse osmosis membranes (7) with different polymer structures are provided, and different water permeability can be adjusted.

[0016] N tin foil wrapped phase change materials (4) are provided and attached to the inner wall of the air duct, and are spaced apart from the holes.

[0017] Four temperature sensors (9) and four humidity sensors (10) are provided, one at the front section, two in the middle section and one at the end of the air duct.

[0018] The specific steps of using the deep soil tunnel wind temperature and humidity research model experimental device to conduct deep soil tunnel wind temperature and humidity research are as follows:

[0019] 1. Study the influence of walls with different water permeability on ventilation, temperature and humidity

[0020] First, make preliminary preparations and check whether all components of the device are operating normally. Each device is adjusted to the predetermined working conditions to simulate the change of temperature and humidity over time and ventilation length caused by the influence of wall temperature and humidity on ventilation.

[0021] In the experiment, first, the variable frequency blower 1, ventilation rectifier 2, and air duct body 8 were installed and assembled. Temperature sensors 9 and humidity sensors 10 were installed and fixed to the front, middle, and rear of the air duct body 8. Tin foil-wrapped phase change material 4 was fixed to the inside of the air duct in four directions: top, bottom, front, and back, with four sensors placed on each section. A medium-permeability reverse osmosis membrane 7 was placed into the hole 5 of the ventilation duct. Then, a water-soaked sponge 3 was wrapped around the outside of the air duct body 8 and secured with rope 6. Once all devices were connected, the computer was started to collect temperature and humidity data (temperature sensor 9, humidity sensor 10) to obtain the initial temperature and humidity. The variable frequency blower 1 was turned on to 1 m / s, and the experiment was conducted. After 5 minutes, the variable frequency blower 1 was turned off, and the computer data was read to obtain the temperature and humidity patterns at the measurement points. The sponge 3 was removed, the reverse osmosis membrane 7 was removed, and replaced with a reverse osmosis membrane 7 with a lower water permeability. Once the air duct returned to its initial temperature and humidity, the water-soaked sponge 3 was reinstalled and the second set of experiments was conducted. The variable frequency fan 1 is still turned on to 1m / s and the experiment is carried out. After 5 minutes, the variable frequency fan 1 is turned off, the computer data is read, and the temperature and humidity variation patterns at the measuring point are obtained. The sponge 3 is removed, the reverse osmosis membrane 7 is taken out, and replaced with a reverse osmosis membrane 7 with a changed high permeability. When the initial temperature and humidity in the air duct are restored, the water-soaked sponge 3 is reinstalled and the second set of experiments is carried out. The variable frequency fan 1 is still turned on to 1m / s and the experiment is carried out. After 5 minutes, the variable frequency fan 1 is turned off, the computer data is read, and the temperature and humidity variation patterns at the measuring point are obtained. Compare the variation patterns of ventilation temperature and humidity over time under the influence of three reverse osmosis membranes 7 with different permeabilities, as affected by the wall temperature and humidity.

[0022] 2. Study the impact of different wind speeds on ventilation temperature and humidity

[0023] First, make preliminary preparations and check whether all components of the device are operating normally. Each device is adjusted to the predetermined working conditions to simulate the change of temperature and humidity over time and ventilation length caused by the influence of wall temperature and humidity on ventilation.

[0024] During the experiment, the variable frequency fan 1, ventilation rectifier 2, and air duct body 8 were installed and assembled. The temperature sensor 9 and humidity sensor 10 were installed and fixed to the front, middle, and rear of the air duct body 8. The tin foil-wrapped phase change material 4 was fixed to the inside of the air duct in the four directions of the top, bottom, front, and back, that is, four were arranged on each section. The medium permeability reverse osmosis membrane 7 was placed into the hole 5 of the ventilation duct. Then, the water-soaked sponge 3 was wrapped around the outside of the air duct body 8 and secured with a rope 6. The computer was started to start temperature and humidity data collection (temperature sensor 9, humidity sensor 10) to obtain the initial temperature and humidity. The variable frequency fan 1 was turned on to 0.5m / s and the experiment was carried out. The temperature and humidity of the air duct changed with the ventilation. The temperature sensor 9 and humidity sensor 10 were connected to the computer and continuously transmitted temperature and humidity data. After 5 minutes, the fan was turned off and the computer data was read to obtain the temperature and humidity change data under 0.5m / s ventilation. Remove the sponge 3, wait for the temperature and humidity in the air duct to return to their initial state, install the water-soaked sponge 3, and prepare for the next set of experiments. Set the variable frequency fan speed to 1m / s and conduct the second set of experiments. Continue to change the wind speed of fan 1, and obtain the temperature change data in the air duct through temperature sensor 9 and humidity sensor 10. After 5 minutes, turn off the fan, read the computer data, and obtain the temperature and humidity change data under 1m / s ventilation. Remove the sponge 3, wait for the temperature and humidity in the air duct to return to their initial state, install the water-soaked sponge 3, and prepare for the next set of experiments. Set the variable frequency fan speed to 1.5m / s and conduct the second set of experiments. Continue to change the wind speed of fan 1, and obtain the temperature change data in the air duct through temperature sensor 9 and humidity sensor 10. After 5 minutes, turn off the fan, read the computer data, and obtain the temperature and humidity change data under 1.5m / s ventilation. Compare the temperature and humidity change trends in the air duct under the three wind speeds, and analyze the changing pattern of the influence of wind speed on the temperature and humidity of the tunnel wind.

[0025] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0026] First, this invention utilizes a variable-frequency fan with adjustable air volume, providing a vertical ventilation velocity range of 0 to 2 m / s. Second, to address the difficulty of field testing of underground wind and the limited number of measurement points, as well as the limited experimental conditions required for specialized underground projects such as hydropower stations, this model is self-produced, low-cost, and easy to operate. It utilizes a cylindrical acrylic plate as the main component, with phase change materials and reverse osmosis membranes ensuring a constant temperature and stable humidification. Similar to underground wind in traffic tunnels, which is affected by deep soil layers, this model meets the experimental requirements of researchers studying underground wind.

[0027] 3. In actual projects, the water permeability of underground air passing through different environmental walls varies. In the present invention, the reverse osmosis membranes with different polymer structures can be replaced to change the water permeability of the air duct in the experimental device to meet the requirements of changing the humidity environment.

[0028] Fourth, to simulate soil humidification in all directions of the tunnel air duct, the present invention wraps a completely soaked sponge around the outer surface of the acrylic plate air duct and secures it with ropes, achieving as uniform and stable humidification as possible in all directions. Fifth, several slender plastic sleeves are evenly arranged to create a homemade ventilation rectifier, meeting the requirements of low cost and stable air supply.

[0029] 6. Place 4 temperature sensors and humidity sensors along the ventilation direction to compare the changes in the influence of constant temperature and humidification walls on tunnel wind over time and with ventilation length.

[0030] 7. If you want to extend the length of the air duct and increase the experimental conditions, you can use flange connection to lengthen the air duct.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] 1. The present invention can more realistically restore the temperature and humidity changes of tunnel wind in environments such as hydropower station traffic tunnels, filling the blank point of the difficulty in tunnel wind temperature and humidity research experiments, and providing a practical experimental research platform for tunnel wind temperature and humidity impact research experiments.

[0033] 2. The present invention can change the temperature and humidity requirements of the required environment by changing the phase change material and the reverse osmosis membrane type, thereby realizing experimental simulation of the constant temperature of the tunnel wind and the stable water seepage environment of deep soil, overcoming the problem that the environmental conditions are difficult to change in actual projects and meeting the needs of various projects and experiments.

[0034] 3. This invention evenly arranges several slender plastic sleeves to create a self-made ventilation rectifier, meeting the requirements of low cost and stable air supply. The raw materials are readily available and the production is simple, significantly reducing the cost of the experimental device while achieving ideal and stable ventilation. The duct length can be extended through flange connections to meet experimental conditions with different duct lengths. This allows for flexible and real-time observation of the effects of ventilation temperature and humidity changes over time and with ventilation length, resulting in accurate and easily obtainable results.

[0035] 4. The present invention can meet the requirement of uniform and stable humidification of each wall surface of the air duct, wrap the completely soaked sponge on the outer surface of the air duct, ensure water seepage in all directions at the same time, and realize the simulation of different real soil environments.

[0036] 5. This device is flexible and convenient to operate, simple in structure, low in cost, fully meets the requirements of self-production, and can basically meet the environmental conditions required by all underground wind. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 Structural diagram of simplified test bench for simulating underground wind

[0038] Figure 2 Top view of the simplified test bench structure for simulating underground wind

[0039] Figure 3 Figure 1 AA cross-section

[0040] Figure 4 Figure 1 BB cross-section

[0041] Figure 5 Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the air duct hole at point C

[0042] Figure 6 Structural diagram of ventilation rectifier section.

[0043] In the figure: variable frequency fan 1, ventilation rectifier 2, water-soaked sponge 3, tinfoil-wrapped phase change material 4, ventilation duct holes 5, rope 6, reverse osmosis membrane 7, duct body 8, temperature sensor 9, humidity sensor 10, duct bracket 11, fan base 12, plastic sleeve 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0045] A model experimental device for studying wind temperature and humidity in a deep soil tunnel comprises a variable frequency fan (1), a ventilation rectifier (2), a sponge soaked in water (3), a phase change material wrapped in tin foil (4), holes in a ventilation duct (5), a rope (6), a reverse osmosis membrane (7), an air duct body (8), a temperature sensor (9), a humidity sensor (10), an air duct bracket (11), a fan base (12), and a plastic sleeve (13).

[0046] The main body of the experimental platform consists of a variable frequency fan (1), a ventilation rectifier (2) and an air duct body (8). The variable frequency fan (1) is placed on the fan base (12). A honeycomb rectifier device composed of several plastic sleeves (13) is connected to the fan outlet through a soft connection, and the other side is connected to the starting section of the air duct. The rectifier rectifies the ventilation, thereby stably supplying air to the air duct; the air duct processes the temperature and humidity of the rectified air. The air duct body (8) is made of a cylindrical acrylic plate, and several circular holes along the ventilation direction are opened in the front, back, top and bottom directions of the air duct. The phase change material (4) wrapped in tin foil is attached to the inner wall of the air duct as a temperature control device. The phase change material has a strong heat storage capacity. It releases heat and solidifies when it is cold and absorbs heat and melts when it is hot, which can ensure a relatively stable temperature. Different reverse osmosis membranes (7) are selected and placed on the surface outside the air duct hole (5) to control different water permeability in the air duct. Reverse osmosis membrane is an artificial semipermeable membrane with certain characteristics made by simulating biological semipermeable membrane, generally made of polymer materials. The diameter of the surface micropores is generally between 0.5-10nm. The size of the permeability is related to the chemical structure of the membrane itself. Different polymer materials have different permeabilities to water. A sponge (3) soaked in water is selected and wrapped around the outside of the air duct as the moisture source of the test bench, and fixed with a rope (6). A total of four temperature sensors (9) and humidity sensors (10) are placed at the starting end, middle section (2), and end of the air duct respectively to monitor the changes in the air temperature and humidity in the air duct over time and at different positions.

[0047] The test bench is provided with a variable frequency fan (1) capable of providing a longitudinal wind speed in the range of 0 to 2 m / s in the pipeline.

[0048] A ventilation rectifier (2) made of several slender plastic sleeves (13) is provided.

[0049] N holes (5) are provided along the longitudinal direction, and the holes are located at four positions of the circular air duct, front, back, top, and bottom.

[0050] The reverse osmosis membranes (7) with different polymer structures are provided, and different water permeability can be adjusted.

[0051] N tin foil wrapped phase change materials (4) are provided and attached to the inner wall of the air duct, and are spaced apart from the holes.

[0052] Four temperature sensors (9) and four humidity sensors (10) are provided, one at the front section, two in the middle section and one at the end of the air duct.

[0053] The specific steps of using the deep soil tunnel wind temperature and humidity research model experimental device to conduct deep soil tunnel wind temperature and humidity research are as follows:

[0054] 1. Study the influence of walls with different water permeability on ventilation, temperature and humidity

[0055] First, make preliminary preparations and check whether all components of the device are operating normally. Each device is adjusted to the predetermined working conditions to simulate the change of temperature and humidity over time and ventilation length caused by the influence of wall temperature and humidity on ventilation.

[0056] In the experiment, first, the variable frequency blower 1, ventilation rectifier 2, and air duct body 8 were installed and assembled. Temperature sensors 9 and humidity sensors 10 were installed and fixed to the front, middle, and rear of the air duct body 8. Tin foil-wrapped phase change material 4 was fixed to the inside of the air duct in four directions: top, bottom, front, and back, with four sensors placed on each section. A medium-permeability reverse osmosis membrane 7 was placed into the hole 5 of the ventilation duct. Then, a water-soaked sponge 3 was wrapped around the outside of the air duct body 8 and secured with rope 6. Once all devices were connected, the computer was started to collect temperature and humidity data (temperature sensor 9, humidity sensor 10) to obtain the initial temperature and humidity. The variable frequency blower 1 was turned on to 1 m / s, and the experiment was conducted. After 5 minutes, the variable frequency blower 1 was turned off, and the computer data was read to obtain the temperature and humidity patterns at the measurement points. The sponge 3 was removed, the reverse osmosis membrane 7 was removed, and replaced with a reverse osmosis membrane 7 with a lower water permeability. Once the air duct returned to its initial temperature and humidity, the water-soaked sponge 3 was reinstalled and the second set of experiments was conducted. The variable frequency fan 1 is still turned on to 1m / s and the experiment is carried out. After 5 minutes, the variable frequency fan 1 is turned off, the computer data is read, and the temperature and humidity variation patterns at the measuring point are obtained. The sponge 3 is removed, the reverse osmosis membrane 7 is taken out, and replaced with a reverse osmosis membrane 7 with a changed high permeability. When the initial temperature and humidity in the air duct are restored, the water-soaked sponge 3 is reinstalled and the second set of experiments is carried out. The variable frequency fan 1 is still turned on to 1m / s and the experiment is carried out. After 5 minutes, the variable frequency fan 1 is turned off, the computer data is read, and the temperature and humidity variation patterns at the measuring point are obtained. Compare the variation patterns of ventilation temperature and humidity over time under the influence of three reverse osmosis membranes 7 with different permeabilities, as affected by the wall temperature and humidity.

[0057] 2. Study the impact of different wind speeds on ventilation temperature and humidity

[0058] First, make preliminary preparations and check whether all components of the device are operating normally. Each device is adjusted to the predetermined working conditions to simulate the change of temperature and humidity over time and ventilation length caused by the influence of wall temperature and humidity on ventilation.

[0059] During the experiment, the variable frequency fan 1, ventilation rectifier 2, and air duct body 8 were installed and assembled. The temperature sensor 9 and humidity sensor 10 were installed and fixed to the front, middle, and rear of the air duct body 8. The tin foil-wrapped phase change material 4 was fixed to the inside of the air duct in the four directions of the top, bottom, front, and back, that is, four were arranged on each section. The medium permeability reverse osmosis membrane 7 was placed into the hole 5 of the ventilation duct. Then, the water-soaked sponge 3 was wrapped around the outside of the air duct body 8 and secured with a rope 6. The computer was started to start temperature and humidity data collection (temperature sensor 9, humidity sensor 10) to obtain the initial temperature and humidity. The variable frequency fan 1 was turned on to 0.5m / s and the experiment was carried out. The temperature and humidity of the air duct changed with the ventilation. The temperature sensor 9 and humidity sensor 10 were connected to the computer and continuously transmitted temperature and humidity data. After 5 minutes, the fan was turned off and the computer data was read to obtain the temperature and humidity change data under 0.5m / s ventilation. Remove the sponge 3, wait for the temperature and humidity in the air duct to return to their initial state, install the water-soaked sponge 3, and prepare for the next set of experiments. Set the variable frequency fan speed to 1m / s and conduct the second set of experiments. Continue to change the wind speed of fan 1, and obtain the temperature change data in the air duct through temperature sensor 9 and humidity sensor 10. After 5 minutes, turn off the fan, read the computer data, and obtain the temperature and humidity change data under 1m / s ventilation. Remove the sponge 3, wait for the temperature and humidity in the air duct to return to their initial state, install the water-soaked sponge 3, and prepare for the next set of experiments. Set the variable frequency fan speed to 1.5m / s and conduct the second set of experiments. Continue to change the wind speed of fan 1, and obtain the temperature change data in the air duct through temperature sensor 9 and humidity sensor 10. After 5 minutes, turn off the fan, read the computer data, and obtain the temperature and humidity change data under 1.5m / s ventilation. Compare the temperature and humidity change trends in the air duct under the three wind speeds, and analyze the changing pattern of the influence of wind speed on the temperature and humidity of the tunnel wind.

Claims

1. A model experimental device for studying wind temperature and humidity in deep soil tunnels, characterized in that It includes a variable frequency fan (1), a ventilation rectifier (2), a sponge soaked in water (3), a phase change material wrapped in tin foil (4), a hole in the ventilation duct (5), a rope (6), a reverse osmosis membrane (7), an air duct body (8), a temperature sensor (9), a humidity sensor (10), an air duct bracket (11), a fan base (12), and a plastic sleeve (13); The main body of the experimental platform consists of a variable frequency fan (1), a ventilation rectifier (2) and an air duct main body (8). The variable frequency fan (1) is placed on the fan base (12); a honeycomb rectifier device composed of several plastic sleeves (13) is connected to the fan outlet through a soft connection, and the other side is connected to the starting section of the air duct. The ventilation rectifier (2) rectifies the ventilation, thereby stably supplying air to the air duct; the air duct processes the temperature and humidity of the rectified air; the air duct main body (8) is made of a cylindrical acrylic plate, and the front of the air duct is connected to the air duct. A plurality of circular holes along the ventilation direction are opened in the four directions of the upper and lower parts; a phase change material (4) wrapped in tin foil is attached to the inner wall of the air duct as a temperature treatment device; a reverse osmosis membrane (7) is placed on the outer surface of the air duct hole (5) to control the water permeability in the air duct; a soaked sponge (3) is selected and wrapped on the outside of the air duct as the moisture source of the experimental table and fixed with a rope (6); four temperature sensors (9) and humidity sensors (10) are respectively placed at the starting end of the air duct, two in the middle, and one at the end to monitor the changes in the temperature and humidity of the air in the air duct over time and at different positions; The phase change material (4) wrapped in tinfoil is attached to the inner wall of the air duct and arranged at intervals from the holes.

2. The model experimental device for studying wind, temperature and humidity in deep soil tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: A variable frequency fan (1) can be provided with a longitudinal wind speed range of 0 to 2 m / s in the duct.

3. The model experimental device for studying wind, temperature and humidity in deep soil tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reverse osmosis membranes (7) with different polymer structures are provided to adjust different water permeability.

4. A method for studying the wind temperature and humidity in a deep soil tunnel using the deep soil tunnel wind temperature and humidity research model experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: 1). Study the influence of walls with different water permeability on ventilation, temperature and humidity First, make preliminary preparations and check whether all parts of the device are operating normally; adjust each device to the predetermined working conditions, and simulate the change of temperature and humidity over time and ventilation length caused by the influence of wall temperature and humidity on ventilation; In the experiment, first, the variable frequency fan (1), ventilation rectifier (2) and air duct body (8) are installed and assembled, and the temperature sensor (9) and humidity sensor (10) are installed and fixed at the front, middle and tail of the air duct body (8); the phase change material (4) wrapped in tin foil is fixed at the four directions of the top, bottom, front and back of the inner side of the air duct, that is, 4 are arranged on each section; the medium permeability reverse osmosis membrane (7) is placed in the hole (5) of the ventilation duct, and then the water-soaked sponge (3) is wrapped around the outside of the air duct body (8) and fixed with a rope (6); each device is connected in place, and the computer is started to collect temperature and humidity data through the temperature sensor (9) and humidity sensor (10) to obtain the initial temperature and humidity; The variable frequency fan (1) was turned on to 1 m / s and the experiment was carried out; after 5 minutes, the variable frequency fan (1) was turned off, the computer data was read, and the temperature and humidity variation patterns at the measuring point were obtained; the sponge (3) was removed, the reverse osmosis membrane (7) was taken out, and replaced with a reverse osmosis membrane (7) with a low permeability; when the temperature and humidity in the air duct were restored to the initial level, the sponge (3) soaked in water was reinstalled and the second set of experiments was carried out; the variable frequency fan (1) was still turned on to 1 m / s and the experiment was carried out; after 5 minutes, the variable frequency fan (1) was turned off, the computer data was read, and the temperature and humidity variation patterns at the measuring point were obtained. Humidity change pattern; remove the sponge (3), take out the reverse osmosis membrane (7), and replace it with a reverse osmosis membrane (7) with a high permeability; when the initial temperature and humidity in the air duct are restored, reinstall the sponge (3) soaked in water and conduct the third set of experiments; still turn on the variable frequency fan (1) to 1m / s and conduct the experiment; after 5 minutes, turn off the variable frequency fan (1), read the computer data, and obtain the temperature and humidity change pattern at the measuring point; compare the change pattern of ventilation temperature and humidity over time under the influence of three reverse osmosis membranes (7) with different permeabilities; 2). Study the effects of different wind speeds on ventilation temperature and humidity First, make preliminary preparations and check whether all parts of the device are operating normally; adjust each device to the predetermined working conditions to simulate the temperature and humidity changes over time and ventilation length caused by the influence of wall temperature and humidity; in the experiment, install and assemble the variable frequency fan (1), ventilation rectifier (2) and air duct body (8), install and fix the temperature sensor (9) and humidity sensor (10) at the front, middle and tail of the air duct body (8); fix the phase change material (4) wrapped in tin foil at the four directions of the top, bottom and front of the inside of the air duct, that is, arrange 4 at each section. Place the medium permeability reverse osmosis membrane (7) into the hole (5) of the ventilation duct, then wrap the water-soaked sponge (3) around the outside of the duct body (8) and secure it with a rope (6); start the computer to collect temperature and humidity data through the temperature sensor (9) and humidity sensor (10) to obtain the initial temperature and humidity; turn on the variable frequency fan (1) to 0.5m / s and conduct the experiment; the temperature and humidity of the duct change with ventilation, and the temperature sensor (9) and humidity sensor (10) are connected to the computer to continuously transmit temperature and humidity data; after 5 minutes, Turn off the fan, read the computer data, and obtain the temperature and humidity change data under 0.5m / s ventilation; remove the sponge (3), wait for the temperature and humidity in the air duct to return to the initial state, install the water-soaked sponge (3), and prepare for the next set of experiments; set the speed of the variable frequency fan to 1m / s, and conduct the second set of experiments; continue to change the speed of the variable frequency fan (1), and obtain the temperature change data in the air duct through the temperature sensor (9) and the humidity sensor (10); after 5 minutes, turn off the fan, read the computer data, and obtain the temperature and humidity change data under 1m / s ventilation; remove the sponge After the temperature and humidity in the air duct return to their initial state, the sponge body (3) soaked in water is installed to prepare for the next set of experiments; the speed of the variable frequency fan is set to 1.5m / s to conduct the third set of experiments; the speed of the variable frequency fan (1) is continued to be changed, and the temperature change data in the air duct is obtained through the temperature sensor (9) and the humidity sensor (10); after 5 minutes, the fan is turned off, and the computer data is read to obtain the temperature and humidity change data under the ventilation of 1.5m / s; the temperature and humidity change trends in the air duct under the three wind speeds are compared, and the changing law of the influence of wind speed on the temperature and humidity of the tunnel wind is analyzed.

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