A system and method for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout

Abstract

The present invention discloses a system and method for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, belonging to the field of rail transit technology. The device for detecting radial runout of rail transit wheels of the present invention comprises a front mechanism and a detection mechanism sequentially installed on the inner side of the track along the train entry direction, wherein the detection mechanism comprises a pedal, a sliding plate and a fixed plate assembly and a pedal balancing mechanism installed on the inner side of the track and parallel to each other, wherein the sliding plate is connected to the pedal and the fixed plate assembly through a slide rail mechanism, the sliding plate is connected to the lifting drive mechanism, and an elastic element is connected between the sliding plate and the pedal; the pedal is connected to the pedal balancing mechanism. The technical solution of the present invention can realize real-time dynamic detection of radial runout of train wheel treads, and its detection accuracy and the structural stability of the detection device are effectively improved compared with the existing detection mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of rail transportation, and more specifically, relates to a system and method for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the operation of trains, due to the existence of poor line maintenance conditions, unreasonable matching of wheel-rail shape and material, poor technical status of bogies, excessive traction load constant, material of wheels and brake shoes, uneven or excessive braking force when the train brakes, brake shoes are not relieved, causing the wheels to slide on the track, or the wheels roll on the track for a long time, the empty and heavy vehicle adjustment device is missed or misadjusted, resulting in excessive braking force at the heavy position when the empty vehicle is in the empty position, iron shoe brakes in shunting operations, low control level of locomotive drivers and poor vehicle relief, many other reasons, resulting in many vehicle wheel tread scratches, peeling and other faults, making the tread rolling circle into a chord-shaped (flat). In addition, the high-speed, heavy-load and high-density operation of trains also accelerates the wear of wheels, causing wear on the wheel tread and wheel flange, changing the geometric shape of the wheel, reducing the wheel diameter, causing the wheel to be out of round, which seriously affects the safety and service life of trains and track facilities, and even affects driving safety.

[0003] At present, most of the detection of tread defects such as radial runout of wheelsets in my country is still in the state of section repair, and technicians use mechanical calipers or measuring rulers to measure. The use of these mechanical instruments is not only cumbersome and labor-intensive, but also greatly affected by the surrounding environment. It cannot eliminate human measurement errors, so its measurement accuracy is low and the measurement efficiency is not high. Online dynamic detection refers to the real-time online measurement when the train is running normally on the rails. Online detection has the characteristics of high degree of measurement automation, no turnover time of locomotives and vehicles, and convenient storage of wheel information, and is increasingly valued at home and abroad.

[0004] The online dynamic detection methods currently used mainly include vibration acceleration detection method and contact measurement method. Among them, the vibration acceleration detection method extracts the wheel out-of-roundness information by analyzing the vibration of the track when the entire train passes the detection point, but this method is affected by the sensor installation fixture and the vibration attenuation of the sleepers, and the measurement accuracy is not high. The contact measurement method is typically the parallelogram method, such as the application number 200720082608.9, the invention name is: Lifting type wheel tread damage and out-of-roundness online dynamic detection device, and the application number 201210307496.8, the invention name is: A wheel tread damage and out-of-roundness online detection device. Both applications disclose online measurement methods and improvements of parallelogram structures. In the above applications, the displacement sensor is connected to a support fixed on a steel rail that constitutes one side of the parallelogram mechanism. The sensor can directly measure the change in relative height between the wheel tread and the wheel rim. The displacement sensor records the diameter of the entire tread circumference. When the tread is out-of-round, the sensor outputs a curve to derive the out-of-roundness. However, the above methods are not suitable for detection when a train passes at high speed, and their detection accuracy needs to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above problems existing in the existing detection of tread defects such as radial runout of train wheels, and to provide a system and method for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout. The technical solution of the present invention can realize real-time dynamic detection of radial runout of train wheel treads, and its detection accuracy and structural stability of the detection device are effectively improved compared with the existing detection mechanism.

[0007] 2. Technical solution

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0009] A system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of the present invention comprises a front mechanism and a detection mechanism which are sequentially installed on the inner side of the track along the train entry direction, wherein the front mechanism is used to detect the wheel rim height of the wheel to be detected, and the detection mechanism is used to detect the wheel radial runout, and the detection mechanism comprises a pedal, a sliding plate and a fixed plate assembly which are installed on the inner side of the track and are parallel to each other, and a pedal balancing mechanism, wherein the sliding plate is connected to the pedal and the fixed plate assembly through a slide rail mechanism, the sliding plate is connected to the lifting drive mechanism, and an elastic element is connected between the sliding plate and the pedal; the pedal is connected to the pedal balancing mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, the pedal balancing mechanism includes a swing arm, a slider fixing plate and a guide rail seat, wherein the slider fixing plate is slidably mounted on the guide rail seat through a slide rail mechanism, and both ends of the swing arm are respectively connected to the slider fixing plate and the pedal for rotation.

[0011] Furthermore, the slide rail mechanism between the slider fixing plate and the guide rail seat includes a second guide rail installed on the guide rail seat and a second slider installed on the slider fixing plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the guide rail seat is processed into an L-shaped structure, the second guide rail is installed on the bottom plate of the guide rail seat, and a guide rail seat reinforcement plate is fixedly provided on the side of the guide rail seat, and the guide rail seat and the guide rail seat reinforcement plate are respectively provided with matching limiting ridges and limiting grooves.

[0013] Furthermore, the detection mechanism is symmetrically installed on the inner side of the double-sided track, and the number of detection mechanisms on the same side is ≥2; a trigger mechanism is also provided in front of the front mechanism, and the trigger mechanism includes a first magnetic steel and a second magnetic steel arranged at intervals along the inner side of the single-sided track.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixed plate assembly and the pedal balancing mechanism are both fixedly mounted on the bottom plate assembly, and the bottom plate assembly is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the track.

[0015] Furthermore, both ends of the sliding plate are provided with a guide column and guide sleeve mechanism, which includes a guide column, a guide sleeve and a base, wherein the guide sleeve is fixedly installed on the upper part of the sliding plate, the base is fixedly installed on the bottom plate assembly, the guide column passes through the guide sleeve and is fixedly connected to the base; an inner lining is also provided between the guide sleeve and the guide column, and a ball bearing is provided on the inner lining.

[0016] Furthermore, the sliding plate is connected to the lifting drive mechanism through a rocker rod transmission mechanism, and the rocker rod transmission mechanism includes an upper slider fixing plate, a rocker rod and a lower slider fixing plate, wherein the two ends of the rocker rod are respectively rotatably connected to the upper slider fixing plate and the lower slider fixing plate to form a parallelogram mechanism, the upper slider fixing plate is fixedly connected to the sliding plate, and the lower slider fixing plate is drivingly connected to the lifting drive mechanism.

[0017] Furthermore, the lower slider fixing plate is slidably connected to the base plate assembly via a slide rail mechanism, and the slide rail mechanism includes a first slider installed on the lower slider fixing plate, and a first guide rail installed on the base plate assembly and cooperating with the first slider.

[0018] Furthermore, the fixed plate assembly includes a main fixed plate, end fixed plates located at both ends of the main fixed plate, and an upper sealing plate located on the top of the main fixed plate, and the main fixed plate, the end fixed plates and the upper sealing plate together form a box-type structure; further, an intermediate fixed plate is also provided between the pedal and the sliding plate, wherein the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate and the pedal is installed obliquely relative to the sliding plate, and the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate and the fixed plate assembly is installed vertically relative to the sliding plate; a displacement sensing plate is fixed on the pedal, and a fixedly installed displacement sensor is provided above or below the displacement sensing plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the structure of the front mechanism is the same as that of the detection mechanism, and the upper surface of its pedal includes an uphill section, a horizontal section and a downhill section in sequence along the train entry direction.

[0020] A method for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of the present invention adopts the detection system of the present invention, and the detection process is as follows:

[0021] Step 1: Train entry and exit judgment

[0022] The train's entry and exit is determined by the triggering sequence of the triggering unit. If the train is entering the depot, the control system controls the pre-installation mechanism and the detection mechanism to start and prepare for wheel detection; if the train is leaving the depot, the pre-installation mechanism and the detection mechanism are not started;

[0023] Step 2: Train wheel rim height detection

[0024] When the train is entering the warehouse and passing through the front mechanism, the front mechanism detects the wheel flange height of the train wheels and feeds back to the control system;

[0025] Step 3: Adjust the preload of the testing mechanism pedal

[0026] According to the detection result of the front mechanism, the control system controls the operation of the driving mechanism, thereby adjusting the initial height of the pedal in the detection mechanism, and the driving mechanism stops running when the pre-pressure amount of the pedal is within the set range;

[0027] Step 4: Train wheel defect detection

[0028] When the train wheels pass through the detection mechanism, the detection mechanism detects the radial runout of the tread of the train wheels.

[0029] 3. Beneficial effects

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following significant effects:

[0031] (1) The system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of the present invention comprises a front mechanism and a detection mechanism which are sequentially installed on the inner side of the track along the direction of train entry. The front mechanism detects the wheel rim height of the train wheel to be detected and feeds back to the control system. The control system controls the initial height of the detection mechanism to be adjusted, thereby meeting the detection requirements of wheels with different wheel rim heights, preventing the detection mechanism from being greatly impacted when the wheel quickly impacts the detection mechanism, thereby extending the service life of the mechanism, and reducing the influence of impact vibration on the detection accuracy, which is beneficial to ensuring the measurement accuracy.

[0032] (2) The present invention provides a system for online dynamic detection of radial runout of wheels, wherein the detection mechanism includes a pedal, a sliding plate and a fixed plate assembly which are installed on the inner side of a track and are parallel to each other, wherein the sliding plate is connected to a lifting drive mechanism, and when the wheel passes over the pedal surface, the pedal moves downward along the slide rail mechanism relative to the sliding plate, and the sliding plate and the fixed plate assembly remain relatively still. By measuring the change in the downward displacement of the pedal relative to the sliding plate within the entire circumference of the tread of the train wheel, the radial runout of the tread of the train wheel can be measured online dynamically, thereby greatly improving the measurement efficiency. In addition, the measurement accuracy and the structural stability of the entire measurement device are significantly improved compared with the existing parallelogram measurement mechanism.

[0033] (3) In a system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of the present invention, an elastic element is connected between the sliding plate and the pedal, and the pedal can automatically return to its initial position under the restoring force of the elastic element when the wheel leaves. At the same time, the sliding plate is connected to a lifting drive mechanism, and before the train arrives, the sliding plate is driven by the lifting drive mechanism to perform lifting and lowering movements, so that the pedal and the sliding plate can be synchronously lifted and lowered under the action of the elastic element, and the initial height of the pedal can be adjusted to meet the measurement requirements of wheels with different rim heights, prevent the wheel from causing a large impact on the pedal, and help ensure measurement accuracy.

[0034] (4) The present invention is a system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, wherein the pedal is connected to a pedal balancing mechanism, and the pedal balancing mechanism is a parallelogram swing arm structure. The setting of the pedal balancing mechanism can effectively prevent the pedal from tilting after the wheel presses on the pedal, which is beneficial to ensure that the pedal surface always remains at a level, and further helps to ensure detection accuracy.

[0035] (5) A system for online dynamic detection of radial runout of wheels of the present invention, wherein a trigger mechanism is provided on the inner side of the track at the front end of the front mechanism, and the trigger mechanism includes a first magnet and a second magnet spaced apart along the inner side of the track. The train's entry and exit can be determined according to the triggering sequence of the first magnet and the second magnet, thereby facilitating the determination of whether the front mechanism and the detection mechanism are activated or not. In addition, the travel speed of the train can also be measured by the arrangement of the first magnet and the second magnet. In the present invention, the detection mechanisms are symmetrically installed on the inner side of the double-sided tracks, and the number of detection mechanisms on the same side is ≥2, specifically based on the detection of the entire tread circumference of the wheel. This design can meet the needs of detecting different front and rear wheels, and prevent the influence of the detection result on the detection result caused by the front wheel not leaving the detection mechanism but the rear wheel entering the detection mechanism.

[0036] (6) The present invention provides a system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, wherein the pedal balancing mechanism includes a swing arm, a slider fixing plate and a guide rail seat. When the wheel presses onto the pedal, the pedal exerts a downward pressure on the swing arm during its downward movement, thereby driving the slider fixing plate to move horizontally along the guide rail. The swing arm, the slider fixing plate and the pedal form a parallelogram structure, which effectively prevents the pedal surface from tilting.

[0037] (7) The present invention provides a system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, wherein the guide rail seat is processed into an L-shaped structure, the second guide rail is installed on the bottom plate of the guide rail seat, and a guide rail seat reinforcement plate is fixedly provided on the side of the guide rail seat, and the guide rail seat and the guide rail seat reinforcement plate are respectively provided with matching limiting ridges and limiting grooves, which is beneficial to ensure that the deformation of the guide rail seat when subjected to force is minimized, thereby improving the rigidity and strength of the overall structure.

[0038] (8) In a system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of the present invention, guide post and guide sleeve mechanisms are provided at both ends of the sliding plate. The movement of the sliding plate can be guided by the setting of the guide post and guide sleeve mechanisms, thereby ensuring that the sliding plate can only produce displacement along the direction of the guide post and guide sleeve mechanisms, and preventing the sliding plate from moving downward when the wheel presses on the pedal, thereby facilitating the improvement of the accuracy of the detection result. In addition, an inner lining is provided between the guide sleeve and the guide post of the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism, and a ball bearing is provided on the inner lining, thereby facilitating the full play of the function of the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism, and preventing the sliding plate from moving downward with the pedal during the detection process.

[0039] (9) The present invention provides a system for online dynamic detection of radial runout of a wheel, wherein the sliding plate is connected to a lifting drive mechanism via a rocker transmission mechanism, and the rocker transmission mechanism includes an upper slider fixing plate, a rocker and a lower slider fixing plate. The present invention uses a rocker transmission mechanism to drive the lower slider fixing plate to move left and right in the horizontal direction, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering movement of the sliding plate in the vertical direction. This is beneficial for ensuring the smoothness of the lifting and lowering movement of the sliding plate and effectively preventing the sliding plate from tilting when the wheel presses over the pedal. On the other hand, it can also effectively save the installation space of the driving mechanism and directly convert the horizontal movement of the output end of the driving mechanism into the lifting and lowering movement of the sliding plate.

[0040] (10) The present invention is a system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, wherein the fixing plate assembly includes a main fixing plate, end fixing plates located at both ends of the main fixing plate, and an upper sealing plate located at the top of the main fixing plate. The main fixing plate, the end fixing plates, and the upper sealing plate are surrounded together to form a box-type structure, thereby further improving the structural strength and stability of the entire detection device and the stability of the relative movement between the sliding plate and the pedal and the fixing plate assembly. An intermediate fixing plate is also provided between the sliding plate and the pedal, thereby further improving the structural stability of the device.

[0041] (11) The present invention provides a method for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout. The front mechanism detects the wheel rim height in advance, and then controls the operation of the lifting drive mechanism through the control system to detect the initial height of the pedal in the detection mechanism, thereby meeting the detection requirements of wheels with different rim heights and reducing the impact on the pedal. At the same time, the present invention optimizes the structure of the detection mechanism, thereby effectively improving the stability of the detection mechanism structure and the accuracy of the wheel tread radial runout, tread scratches and wear detection data, and the detection speed is relatively fast. At present, the existing contact method detection mechanism can only achieve a detection accuracy of 0.3mm, and the train speed during detection is very low, while the present invention can achieve a detection accuracy of 0.1mm at a speed of 25km / h. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the fixing plate assembly of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the detection mechanism of the present invention (I);

[0045] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the split structure of the detection mechanism of the present invention (II);

[0046] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sliding plate lifting drive and transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the base plate assembly of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the lifting drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the rocker transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0050] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the pedal balancing mechanism of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the pedal balancing mechanism of the present invention (I);

[0052] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the pedal balancing mechanism of the present invention (II);

[0053] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spiral tension spring of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spring pin of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.15 It is a planar installation schematic diagram of the system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of the front mechanism pedal of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.17 The control principle diagram of the method for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of the present invention.

[0059] Explanation of the symbols in the schematic diagram:

[0060] 1. Track; 2. Pedal; 201. Uphill section; 202. Horizontal section; 203. Downhill section; 3. Sliding plate; 4. Fixed plate assembly; 401. Main fixed plate; 402. End fixed plate; 403. Upper sealing plate; 404. Intermediate fixed plate; 5. Bottom plate assembly; 501. Bottom support plate; 502. First track pressure plate; 503. Pressure plate bolt; 504. Pressure plate nut; 505. Tie rod bolt; 506. Fixed ear; 507. Reinforcement rib; 508 , second rail pressure plate; 6, lifting drive mechanism; 601, driving motor; 602, motor mounting seat; 603, lead screw; 604, lead screw nut; 605, lead screw fixing seat; 701, first slide rail; 702, second slide rail; 703, third slide rail; 704, fourth slide rail; 8, elastic element; 801, elastic element support; 802, elastic element adjustment plate; 803, elastic element support plate; 804, spring pin; 805, hook groove; 901 , displacement sensor; 902, sensor mounting seat; 903, displacement sensing plate; 10, rocker transmission mechanism; 1001, upper slider fixing plate; 1002, rocker; 1003, lower slider fixing plate; 1004, first slider; 1005, first guide rail; 1006, nut connecting rod; 11, electromagnetic brake; 12, guide column and guide sleeve mechanism; 1201, guide column; 1202, guide sleeve; 1203, base; 1204, lining; 13, pedal balance Mechanism; 1301, bearing pin; 1302, swing arm; 1303, slider fixing plate; 1304, second guide rail; 1305, guide rail seat; 1306, second slider; 1307, guide rail seat reinforcement plate; 1308, limiting ridge; 1401, first magnetic steel; 1402, second magnetic steel; 15, front mechanism; 1601, first detection mechanism; 1602, second detection mechanism; 1603, third detection mechanism; 1604, fourth detection mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is now described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] like Fig.15 As shown, a system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout in this embodiment includes a front mechanism 15 and a detection mechanism sequentially installed on the inner side of the track along the train entry direction, wherein the front mechanism 15 is used to detect the wheel rim height of the wheel to be detected, and the detection mechanism is used to detect the wheel radial runout. The detection mechanism and the front mechanism 15 are both connected to the control system, and the start and stop of the front mechanism 15 and the detection mechanism are controlled by the control system.

[0064] In this embodiment, a pre-mechanism is added in front of the detection mechanism (in the direction of the train entering the depot), and the rim height of the wheel to be detected is measured by the pre-mechanism 15. According to the measured rim height and the current position of the detection mechanism, the lifting drive mechanism 6 is controlled by the control system to adjust the initial height of the detection mechanism to ensure that the pre-load of the detection mechanism is within the set range, thereby reducing the impact force on the detection mechanism when the wheel quickly impacts the detection mechanism, extending the service life of the mechanism, and reducing the impact of impact vibration on the detection accuracy. The so-called pre-load here refers to the vertical displacement of the pedal generated when the wheel presses on the pedal of the detection mechanism. This embodiment does not require the structure of the pre-mechanism, and any existing wheel rim height online detection device can be directly used, as long as the wheel rim height can be detected.

[0065] Combination Figure 1-Figure 5 , including a pedal 2, a sliding plate 3 and a fixed plate assembly 4 installed on the inner side of the track 1 and parallel to each other, the sliding plate 3 is connected to the pedal 2 and the fixed plate assembly 4 through a slide rail mechanism, the sliding plate 3 is connected to the lifting drive mechanism 6, and an elastic element 8 is connected between it and the pedal 2; the pedal 2 is connected to a pedal balancing mechanism 13, and the pedal balancing mechanism 13 and the pedal 2 form a parallelogram swing arm structure.

[0066] The train wheel consists of a tread part and a rim part. The tread is worn out of round due to long-term contact with the track, while the rim does not contact other objects and remains a standard circle. Therefore, when the wheel tread contacts the rail at different positions, the distance from the rim vertex to the rail top surface is different. In this embodiment, a pedal 2 is installed on the track. When the wheel passes, the top surface of the pedal 2 always keeps in contact with the rim vertex. The pedal 2 generates a downward displacement under the pressure of the wheel rim, and the displacement varies with the different contact points between the tread and the track. By collecting the changes in the displacement of the pedal 2 during the wheel passing through the pedal 2, the out-of-round situation of the wheel tread can be described.

[0067] Because in actual use, the wheel rim heights of all wheels on a train will be different, the pedal 2 will be higher than the wheel rim by a certain value as the preload during measurement. The preload value cannot be too large, otherwise the wheel will seriously hit the pedal 2, causing damage to the pedal 2 and reducing the measurement accuracy; the preload value cannot be too small, otherwise the wheel rim will not be able to press the pedal 2, resulting in no data detection. In this embodiment, through the split structural design of the pedal 2, the sliding plate 3 and the fixed plate assembly 4, and the action of the lifting drive mechanism 6, the wheel tread defects can be measured and the initial height of the pedal 2 can be adjusted, thereby meeting the measurement requirements of wheels with different wheel rim heights, reducing the greater impact of the wheel on the pedal 2, and ensuring the measurement accuracy. Specifically, before the train arrives, according to the wheel rim height of the train wheel to be measured, the sliding plate 3 is driven to rise and fall relative to the fixed plate assembly 4 through the lifting drive mechanism 6, and under the action of the elastic element 8, the pedal 2 and the sliding plate 3 are synchronously lifted and lowered, thereby realizing the adjustment of the initial height of the pedal assembly 2. When the height of the pedal 2 reaches the set value, the lifting drive mechanism 6 stops working.

[0068] When the train wheel presses on the pedal 2, the pedal 2 moves downward along the slide rail mechanism relative to the sliding plate 3 under the rolling action of the wheel. At this time, the sliding plate 3 does not slide relative to the fixed plate assembly 4 under the support of the lifting drive mechanism 6; and when the train wheel leaves the pedal 2, the pedal 2 gradually and automatically moves upward along the slide rail mechanism relative to the sliding plate 3 under the restoring force of the elastic element 8. By processing the downward displacement data of the pedal 2, the radial runout, tread scratch and wear data of the train wheel tread can be obtained, realizing the online dynamic measurement of the train wheel defects and greatly improving the measurement efficiency. This embodiment optimizes the structure of the detection device, guides the movement of the pedal 2 with the help of the slide rail mechanism, and makes it perform a restoring motion through the action of the elastic element 8, so that the structural stability and measurement accuracy of the measurement device are effectively improved compared with the existing parallelogram measurement mechanism.

[0069] Specifically, if there is no scratch on the wheel tread, the vertical position relative to the rail within the entire tread circumference remains unchanged, and the downward displacement of the pedal 2 remains unchanged; on the contrary, if there is scratch or uneven wear on the wheel tread, the relative height from the tread to the top of the wheel rim changes, and the vertical position of the pedal 2 and the rail also changes relatively. At this time, the change in the vertical height of the pedal 2 is the amount of scratch. At the same time, the downward displacement of the pedal 2 at this time is compared with that of a new wheel without wear, and the wear amount of the wheel tread can be obtained. In this embodiment, a displacement sensing plate 903 is fixed on the pedal 2, and a fixed displacement sensor 901 is correspondingly provided above or below the displacement sensing plate 903. When the wheel presses on the pedal 2, the displacement sensing plate 903 rises and falls synchronously with the pedal 2, and the displacement sensor 901 remains fixed. The radial runout of the wheel tread can be directly obtained by the displacement change between the displacement sensor 901 and the displacement sensing plate 903 during the wheel rolling process.

[0070] However, when the wheel presses on the pedal 2 from one side, the pedal 2 will be tilted due to the unilateral force, thereby affecting the measurement result. The pedal balancing mechanism 13 is set in this embodiment to effectively prevent the pedal 2 from tilting after the wheel presses on the pedal 2, which is beneficial to ensure that the surface of the pedal 2 always remains at a level, and further helps to ensure the detection accuracy.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] The structure of the system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, and the main difference is that: Figure 8-Figure 11 The pedal balancing mechanism 13 of this embodiment includes a swing arm 1302, a slider fixing plate 1303 and a guide rail seat 1305, wherein the slider fixing plate 1303 is slidably mounted on the guide rail seat 1305 through a slide rail mechanism, and the two ends of the swing arm 1302 are respectively connected to the slider fixing plate 1303 and the pedal 2 for rotation. Specifically, bearings are respectively installed at the two ends of the swing arm 1302, and the slider fixing plate 1303 and the pedal 2 are respectively connected to the swing arm 1302 for rotation through bearing pins 1301. The slide rail mechanism between the slider fixing plate 1303 and the guide rail seat 1305 includes a second guide rail 1304 mounted on the guide rail seat 1305 and a second slider 1306 mounted on the slider fixing plate 1303. When the wheel presses on the pedal 2, the pedal 2 moves downward, and at this time, the swing arm 1302 swings downward, pushing the slider fixing plate 1303 to move horizontally along the second guide rail 1304. In this embodiment, the two ends of the pedal 2 are respectively connected to the slider fixing plate 1303 through the swing arms 1302. The lengths of the swing arms are consistent, and the bearing spacings on the two swing arms are consistent, thereby forming a parallelogram swing rod structure together. When the pedal 2 moves up and down, the height of the quadrilateral will change, but it can ensure that the pedal 2 is always in a horizontal state, thereby preventing the tilt of the pedal 2 from affecting the detection result.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] The structure of the system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 2, and the main difference is that: Fig.10 As shown, the guide rail seat 1305 of this embodiment is processed into an L-shaped structure, the second guide rail 1304 is installed on the bottom plate of the guide rail seat 1305, and a guide rail seat reinforcement plate 1307 is fixedly provided on the side of the guide rail seat 1305, and the guide rail seat 1305 and the guide rail seat reinforcement plate 1307 are also respectively provided with matching limiting ridges 1308 and limiting grooves, thereby effectively ensuring that the deformation of the guide rail seat when subjected to force is minimized, which is beneficial to improving the rigidity and strength of the overall structure.

[0075] Example 4

[0076] The system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 3, and the main difference is that the detection mechanism of this embodiment is symmetrically installed on the inner side of the double-sided track, and the number of detection mechanisms on the same side is ≥2, and the total length of the detection mechanism on each side is greater than the circumference of the wheel, so that it can ensure that the circumferential data of the wheel tread greater than the circumference of the wheel is detected, and at the same time, it can meet the needs of detecting different front and rear wheels, and prevent the influence of the previous wheel not leaving the detection mechanism and the next wheel entering the detection mechanism on the detection result. Among them, the first detection mechanism maintains a certain distance from the front mechanism 15, and the time taken by the wheel to travel this distance can meet the time taken by the detection mechanism to adjust the preload.

[0077] In this embodiment, a trigger mechanism is also provided in front of the front mechanism 15, which includes a first magnetic steel 1401 and a second magnetic steel 1402 arranged at intervals along the inner side of the single-side track. According to the triggering sequence of the first magnetic steel 1401 and the second magnetic steel 1402, the train's entry and exit can be judged, so as to facilitate the decision of whether the front mechanism 15 and the detection mechanism are started or not. Specifically, when the triggering sequence of the magnetic steel is the first magnetic steel 1401-the second magnetic steel 1402, the train is entering the warehouse, the front mechanism and the detection mechanism are started, and the wheel detection is ready; when the triggering sequence of the magnetic steel is the second magnetic steel 1402-the first magnetic steel 1401, the train is leaving the warehouse, and all the detection mechanisms are not started. When the train leaves the warehouse, the equipment is not started, the detection mechanism is in an avoidance state, and the wheel and the mechanism are not in contact, which eliminates the impact force and friction between the wheel and the detection mechanism when the train leaves the warehouse, which not only protects the mechanism, but also realizes the automatic detection of the equipment. Therefore, the start of the equipment can be controlled by using the magnetic steel installed at the front end of the equipment as an external trigger signal. At the same time, the installation of the first magnetic steel 1401 and the second magnetic steel 1402 can also be used to measure the train speed. When the installation distance is known, the time interval between the two magnetic steels being triggered can be recorded to calculate the train speed.

[0078] Example 5

[0079] The system of this embodiment is used for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, and its structure is basically the same as that of embodiment 4, and the main difference is that the fixed plate assembly 4 and the pedal balancing mechanism 13 are both fixedly mounted on the base plate assembly 2, and the base plate assembly 2 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the track 1.

[0080] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 The bottom plate assembly 5 of this embodiment includes a bottom support plate 501, on which a first track pressure plate 502 and a second track pressure plate 508 are provided. The first track pressure plate 502 is fixedly connected to the bottom support plate 501 by a pressure plate bolt 503, and the two sides of the bottom of the track 1 are respectively pressed and fixed between the first track pressure plate 502, the second track pressure plate 508 and the bottom support plate 501; the bottom support plate 501 is also provided with a pressure plate nut 504, on which a bite shape that imitates the bottom side of the track 1 is processed, and the pressure plate nut 504 is fixedly connected to the fixing ear 506 at the bottom of the bottom support plate 501 by a pull rod bolt 505. When the tie rod bolt 505 fastens the pressure plate nut 504 through the fixing ear 506, the bite distance between the pressure plate nut 504 and the second rail pressure plate 508 is reduced, so that the bottom plate assembly 5 is tightly fixed to the rail; and then the bottom support plate 501 is further connected and fastened to the rail through the pressure plate bolt 503 and the first rail pressure plate 502. In this embodiment, reinforcing ribs 507 are also provided on both sides of the bottom support plate 501. The bottom support plate 501 and the reinforcing ribs 507 are integrated and can be cast or welded to ensure the rigidity of the entire mechanism to meet the measurement accuracy requirements of the entire mechanism.

[0081] Example 6

[0082] The structure of the system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 5, and the main difference is that: Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Fig.12 A guide post and guide sleeve mechanism 12 is provided at both ends of the sliding plate 3, and the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism 12 includes a guide post 1201, a guide sleeve 1202 and a base 1203, wherein the guide sleeve 1202 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the sliding plate 3, and the base 1203 is fixedly installed on the bottom plate assembly 2, and the guide post 1201 passes through the guide sleeve 1202 and is fixedly connected to the base 1203; an inner lining 1204 is also provided between the guide sleeve 1202 and the guide post 1201, and a ball bearing is provided on the inner lining 1204.

[0083] The sliding plate 3 will only produce vertical displacement when the height of the pedal 2 needs to be adjusted, that is, when the lifting drive mechanism 6 is working. When the wheel presses on the pedal 2, the sliding plate 3 remains stationary, and the pedal 2 is displaced relative to the sliding plate 3. The support of the sliding plate 3 is the lifting drive mechanism 6 in the middle, and the restriction of the movement direction depends on the slide rail between the sliding plate 3 and the fixed plate assembly 4. Due to the errors in processing and assembly, it is difficult to ensure that the displacement of the sliding plate 3 during lifting is strictly vertical, and it is also difficult to ensure that the sliding plate 3 does not produce displacement when the wheel presses on the pedal 2. Therefore, this embodiment adds two guide column and guide sleeve mechanisms 12 to the sliding plate 3, so that the sliding plate 3 can be effectively limited to be displaced only in the direction constrained by the guide column and guide sleeve mechanism 12, thereby reducing the measurement error and improving the measurement accuracy. Since an inner lining 1204 is also provided between the guide sleeve 1202 and the guide column 1201 of the guide column and guide sleeve mechanism 12, and a ball is provided on the inner lining, it is conducive to further ensuring that the guide column and guide sleeve mechanism is fully utilized, and preventing the sliding plate from moving downward with the pedal during the detection process.

[0084] Example 7

[0085] The structure of the system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 6, except that the sliding plate 3 is connected to the driving mechanism through a rocker transmission mechanism 10, such as Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the rocker transmission mechanism 10 of this embodiment includes an upper slider fixing plate 1001, a rocker rod 1002 and a lower slider fixing plate 1003, wherein the two ends of a plurality of parallel rocker rods 1002 are respectively connected to the upper slider fixing plate 1001 and the lower slider fixing plate 1003 for rotation (bearings are respectively installed at the two ends of the rocker rod 1002, and bearing pins matching the bearings are respectively fixed on the upper slider fixing plate 1001 and the lower slider fixing plate 1003, thereby realizing the rotation connection between the rocker rod 1002 and the upper slider fixing plate 1001 and the lower slider fixing plate 1003) and forming a parallelogram mechanism, the upper slider fixing plate 1001 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 3, and the lower slider fixing plate 1003 is connected to the lifting drive mechanism 6 for driving. The lifting drive mechanism 6 drives the lower slider fixing plate 1003 to move in the horizontal direction, and under the action of the rocker rod 1002, the upper slider fixing plate 1001 will move up and down, thereby driving the sliding plate 3 and the pedal 2 to move up and down synchronously. This embodiment sets up a rocker transmission mechanism and optimizes its structure, which, on the one hand, helps to ensure the smoothness of the lifting movement of the sliding plate 3 and effectively prevents the sliding plate 3 from tilting when the wheel passes over the pedal 2. On the other hand, it can also effectively save the installation space of the lifting drive mechanism 6 and directly convert the horizontal movement of the output end of the lifting drive mechanism 6 into the lifting movement of the sliding plate 3.

[0086] Example 8

[0087] The present embodiment is a system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, and its structure is basically the same as that of embodiment 7, and the main difference is that the rocker arm transmission mechanism 10 of the present embodiment is slidably connected to the base plate assembly 5 through a slide rail mechanism. Specifically, the slide rail mechanism includes a first slider 1004 and a first guide rail 1005, wherein the first guide rail 1005 is fixedly installed on the base plate assembly 5, and the first slider 1004 is fixedly installed at an interval at the bottom of the lower slider fixing plate 1003. When the lifting drive mechanism 6 drives the lower slider fixing plate 1003, it is easy to make the lower slider fixing plate 1003 move horizontally along the linear guide rail, and it is beneficial to ensure the smooth movement of the rocker arm transmission mechanism 10.

[0088] Example 9

[0089] The structure of the system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 8, and the main difference is that: Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate 3 and the pedal 2 and the fixed plate assembly 4 includes a slider and a guide rail that cooperate with each other. In this embodiment, the pedal 2 and the fixed plate assembly 4 are respectively fixedly mounted with sliders, and the sliding plate 3 is correspondingly provided with a guide rail that slidably cooperates with the above-mentioned sliders, wherein the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate 3 and the fixed plate assembly 4 is vertically installed relative to the sliding plate 3, and the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate 3 and the pedal 2 is tiltedly installed relative to the sliding plate 3, which is beneficial to improve the structural stability of the entire device and effectively reduce the impact of the wheel on the measuring device.

[0090] Example 10

[0091] The structure of the system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 9, except that the lifting drive mechanism 6 is driven by a motor. Figure 5 , Figure 7As shown, the lifting drive mechanism 6 of this embodiment includes a driving motor 601, a lead screw 603 and a lead screw nut 604, wherein the driving motor 601 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the bottom support plate 501 through a motor mounting seat 602, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw 603 through a coupling, and the other end of the lead screw 603 passes through the lead screw nut 604 and is threadedly connected to the lead screw nut 604, and a lead screw fixing seat 605 is fixed on the bottom support plate 501, and the lead screw 603 is installed and supported by the lead screw fixing seat 605. The lead screw nut 604 is fixedly connected to the lower slider fixing plate 1003 of the rocker transmission mechanism 10 through a nut connecting rod 1006. In this embodiment, the lower end of the nut connecting rod 1006 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the lead screw nut 604, and the upper end thereof passes through the bottom support plate 501 and is fixedly connected to the lower slider fixing plate 1003. When the motor rotates, the lead screw 603 is driven to rotate, and the lead screw nut 604 will move back and forth along the horizontal direction with the nut connecting rod 1006 and the lower slider fixing plate 1003, thereby realizing the up and down movement of the sliding plate 3. It should be noted that the lifting drive mechanism 6 is not limited to the specific structure of this embodiment, as long as it can realize the horizontal movement of the lower slider fixing plate 1003, for example, a servo electric cylinder is used to directly replace the drive motor 601 of this embodiment, and the cylinder rod of the servo electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the nut connecting rod 1006.

[0092] Embodiment 11

[0093] The system of this embodiment is used for online dynamic detection of radial runout of wheels, and its structure is basically the same as that of embodiment 10, and the main difference is that: in this embodiment, the end of the screw 603 is also fixedly connected to the electromagnetic brake 11, and the electromagnetic brake 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bottom support plate 501.

[0094] Due to the needs of the system, when the wheel presses on the pedal 2, the force borne by the pedal 2 at this time will be transmitted to the sliding plate 3 through the elastic element 8. If the sliding plate 3 is displaced, the measurement will be affected, and even the displacement sensor cannot measure the data. At this time, it is particularly important for the sliding plate 3 to keep its position. In this embodiment, an electromagnetic brake 11 is installed at the end of the screw 603. When the motor is driven, the electromagnetic brake 11 opens the brake, and the motor can smoothly move the sliding plate 3 up and down. When the wheel presses on the pedal 2, the motor remains stationary, and the electromagnetic brake 11 keeps braking, thereby ensuring that the screw nut 604 does not move horizontally, and the sliding plate 3 does not move up and down, thereby ensuring the measurement accuracy.

[0095] like Fig.17 As shown, the method for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of this embodiment has the following process:

[0096] Step 1: Train entry and exit judgment

[0097] The train entry and exit is determined by the triggering sequence of the triggering unit. If the train is entering the warehouse, the control system controls the front mechanism 15 and the detection mechanism to start and prepare for wheel detection; if the train is leaving the warehouse, the front mechanism 15 and the detection mechanism are not started;

[0098] Step 2: Train wheel rim height detection

[0099] When the train is entering the warehouse and passing through the front mechanism 15, the front mechanism 15 detects the wheel flange height of the train wheels and feeds back to the control system;

[0100] Step 3: Adjust the preload of the testing mechanism pedal

[0101] According to the detection result of the front mechanism 15, the lifting drive mechanism 6 is controlled by the control system to adjust the initial height of the pedal 2 in the detection mechanism. When the pre-pressure of the pedal 2 is within the set range, the lifting drive mechanism 6 stops running.

[0102] The control method of the pedal preload is as follows: when the system is started, when the pre-mechanism detects that the wheel rim height is Sh1, the system determines whether the wheel rim height reaches the preload of 1.5-2mm. If the preload is within this range, the detection mechanism does not need to act. If it is not within this range, the servo motor of the detection mechanism controls the pedal to rise and fall to the W2 position, so that the wheel rim height Sh1 reaches the preload of 1.5-2mm. When the pre-mechanism 15 detects that the wheel rim height of the rear wheel is Sh2, and the front wheel has passed the detection mechanism, the detection mechanism determines whether the current W2 position is within the range of 1.5-2mm preload of the wheel rim height Sh2, and makes corresponding lifting and lowering adjustments until the wheels of the complete train are detected. When the pre-mechanism 15 no longer generates a new wheel rim height within a period of time, it is considered that the train has passed the detection system, the pre-mechanism 15 and the detection mechanism return to zero position, and the system stops working. In the process of adjusting the preload of the detection mechanism, the pre-mechanism 15 is always located at the W1 position unchanged, and the multiple sets of detection mechanisms on each side of the rail are lifted and lowered to the same position each time.

[0103] Step 4: Detection of radial runout of train wheel tread

[0104] When the train wheels pass through the detection mechanism, the detection mechanism detects the radial runout of the tread of the train wheels.

[0105] Example 12

[0106] The structure of the system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 11, and the main difference is that: Figure 2The fixed plate assembly 4 of this embodiment includes a main fixed plate 401, end fixed plates 402 located at both ends of the main fixed plate 401, and an upper sealing plate 403 located at the top of the main fixed plate 401. The main fixed plate 401, the end fixed plate 402 and the upper sealing plate 403 are surrounded together to form a box-type structure. The sliding plate 3 is slidably connected to the pedal 2 through the first slide rail 701, is slidably connected to the main fixed plate 401 through the second slide rail 702, and is slidably connected to the end fixed plate 402 through the third slide rail 703, so that the stability of the entire device structure and the stability of the sliding plate when moving up and down can be further improved, which is conducive to ensuring the measurement accuracy. Furthermore, an intermediate fixed plate 404 is also provided between the pedal 2 and the sliding plate 3, and the sliding plate 3 is slidably connected to the intermediate fixed plate 404 through the fourth slide rail 704. The main fixed plate 401, the end fixed plate 402, the upper sealing plate 403 and the intermediate fixed plate 404 are surrounded together to form a relatively closed box-type structure, and the sliding plate 3 is installed inside the box-type fixed plate assembly. In this embodiment, the displacement sensor 901 is fixedly mounted on the upper sealing plate 403 through a sensor mounting seat 902, and the sensor mounting seat 902 is processed into a C-shaped structure.

[0107] Example 13

[0108] The structure of the system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 12, except that the elastic element 8 may be a spring. Figure 4 As shown, the elastic element 8 of this embodiment adopts a compression spring structure, which is fixedly mounted on the sliding plate 3 through an elastic element support 801 (a mounting hole with the same diameter as the elastic element is processed on the elastic element support 801), and the pedal 2 is correspondingly provided with an elastic element support plate 803 that acts on the piston rod end of the elastic element 8. The elastic element support plate 803 of this embodiment is processed into a Z shape. In this embodiment, an elastic element adjustment plate 802 is also fixed on the sliding plate 3. The elastic element adjustment plate 802 is L-shaped and fixed to the sliding plate 3 with bolts. A threaded hole is processed on the elastic element adjustment plate 802. A top screw passes through the threaded hole and presses on the elastic element support plate 803 of the pedal, that is, the top screw is used to adjust the spring preload. After adjusting to a predetermined position, a nut is used to tighten the top screw.

[0109] It should be noted that the elastic element 8 specifically includes but is not limited to a coil spring, a gas spring, a liquid spring, a leaf spring, a rubber spring, etc., and its mounting support can be made into different supports according to the shape of the element and the use requirements, as long as the pedal 2 and the sliding plate 3 can be elastically connected to each other. Fig.13 When the helical tension spring is used as the elastic element, a spring pin 804 is fixed on the pedal 2 and the sliding plate 3. Fig.14As shown, both ends of the coil tension spring are provided with spring hooks, and the spring pin 804 is processed with a hook groove 805 corresponding to the spring hook, and the two ends of the coil tension spring are fixedly mounted on the pedal 2 and the sliding plate 3 respectively through the spring hooks.

[0110] The process of using the detection mechanism of this embodiment to perform detection is as follows:

[0111] Step 1: Adjust the pedal height: According to the wheel rim height of the train wheel to be detected, the lifting drive mechanism 6 drives the swing rod transmission mechanism 10 to swing, thereby driving the sliding plate 3 to lift. At this time, there is no relative movement between the pedal 2 and the sliding plate 3, and the pedal 2 is lifted and lowered synchronously with the sliding plate 3. When the pedal 2 is lifted and lowered to the specified position, the lifting drive mechanism 6 stops working;

[0112] Step 2: Wheel radial runout detection: When the wheel presses on the pedal 2, the pedal 2 is pressed down by the wheel rim, resulting in a downward displacement along the slide rail. During the descent of the pedal 2, the sliding plate 3 remains stationary relative to the fixed plate assembly 4 under the action of the lifting drive mechanism 6. At this time, the displacement sensor 901 generates a relative displacement relative to the displacement sensing plate 903. The displacement of the pedal 2 pressed down by the wheel rim when the wheel passes by is obtained through conversion. By processing the data collected by the displacement sensor 901 within the entire wheel tread circumference, the radial runout of the train wheel tread can be obtained.

[0113] Step 3, when the wheel leaves, the pedal 2 returns to its initial position under the action of the elastic element 8; at this time, the lifting drive mechanism 6 continues to start working, driving the pedal 2 to descend to the specified position, at which position the wheel rim cannot press on the pedal 2 regardless of the height of the wheel rim passing by.

[0114] Specifically, when the length of the pedal 2 is greater than the circumference of the wheel, the circumferential data of the wheel tread can be detected, further describing the out-of-roundness of the wheel tread. By intercepting and splicing the displacement curve of the pedal 2 of each detection mechanism, a pedal 2 displacement curve from the first detection mechanism to the last detection mechanism is obtained, and the maximum and minimum values ​​are obtained from it. The difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​is the radial runout value of the wheel.

[0115] Among them, there are two methods for the system to control the detection mechanism pedal 2 to rise and fall to the appropriate preload amount, the table lookup method and the tracking method. The table lookup method is to divide the minimum rim height to the maximum rim height into n intervals, each interval corresponds to a different detection mechanism pedal 2 position Wn, when the pre-position mechanism 15 detects the rim height Sh of the wheel to be tested, it is determined which interval this rim height belongs to, and then the detection mechanism pedal 2 is raised and lowered to the position W corresponding to the interval. The tracking method uses the displacement sensor as a feedback signal to continuously adjust the position of the detection mechanism pedal 2 until the indication of the displacement sensor reaches the indication under the required preload amount. For example, the current indication of the displacement sensor is Z1. When the pre-position mechanism detects the rim height Sh of the wheel to be tested, the system calculates the indication Z2 that the displacement sensor needs to reach according to the preload amount, and then turns on the servo motor for lifting and lowering. During the process of the motor lifting and lowering, the indication of the displacement sensor changes continuously and is transmitted to the servo motor as a feedback signal until the indication of the displacement sensor reaches Z2. It is considered that the detection mechanism pedal 2 has been lifted and lowered to the required position, and then the motor is turned off.

[0116] Embodiment 14

[0117] The structure of the system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 15, and the difference mainly lies in that the structure of the front mechanism 15 in this embodiment is the same as that of the detection mechanism, such as Fig.16 As shown, the upper surface of the pedal of the front mechanism 15 includes an uphill section 201, a horizontal section 202 and a downhill section 203 in sequence along the train entry direction. When the wheel passes through the front mechanism 15, a maximum displacement will be generated in the horizontal section 202 of the pedal assembly 2. The wheel rim height can be measured based on the maximum value. The specific method is: when a wheel with a known rim height Sh1 passes through the front mechanism 15, the maximum displacement of the pedal of the front mechanism 15 is h1, and when a wheel with an unknown rim height passes through the front mechanism, the maximum displacement of the pedal of the front mechanism is h2, then the rim height of the unknown wheel Sh2=Sh1+(h2-h1).

[0118] Embodiment 15

[0119] The system of this embodiment is used for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, and its structure is basically the same as that of embodiment 14, and the main difference is that the detection mechanism on the inner side of each side of the track in this embodiment includes a first detection mechanism 1601, a second detection mechanism 1602, a third detection mechanism 1603 and a fourth detection mechanism 1604.

[0120] When the magnetic steel detects that the train is entering the warehouse, the detection system starts, and the front mechanism and four sets of detection mechanisms rise to the specified position. This process is completed before the train reaches the front mechanism. When the front mechanism detects the rim height of the first wheel, the four sets of detection mechanisms judge whether the rim height meets the requirement of 1.5-2mm preload in combination with the current position. If not, the PLC controls the servo motor to rise and fall to the position that meets the conditions. This process is completed before the wheel to be detected reaches the first detection mechanism 1601. After the fourth detection mechanism 1604 is completed, the LOG data recording is started to record the vertical displacement of the pedal when the wheel passes through each detection mechanism. When the wheel leaves the fourth detection mechanism 1604, the LOG data recording is stopped. When the front mechanism detects the rim height of the second wheel, the first wheel has not passed the detection mechanism. At this time, each detection mechanism first determines whether the first wheel has left. If the first wheel has left, the detection mechanism rises and falls to a suitable position according to the current position and the rim height of the second wheel. If the first wheel has not left, or has not yet reached the detection mechanism, the detection mechanism will not start to rise and fall until the first wheel leaves. Whenever the first detection mechanism 1601 is lifted or lowered, the system will start a LOG data record. Similarly, whenever the fourth detection mechanism 1604 detects that the wheels have left, the previous LOG data record will be stopped. When no new value is detected by the front mechanism, the system considers that the train has passed the detection mechanism, and the front mechanism and the detection mechanism return to their initial positions.

[0121] The data collected by the displacement sensors of the four detection mechanisms are transmitted to the host computer. The size of the data reflects the relative value of the wheel rim height at different circumferential positions of the wheel tread. When the pedal length is greater than the wheel circumference, the circumferential data of the wheel tread can be detected to further describe the wheel tread out-of-round situation. The host computer intercepts and splices the displacement curve of each detection mechanism pedal to obtain a pedal displacement curve from the first detection mechanism 1601 to the fourth detection mechanism 1604, and obtains the maximum and minimum values ​​from them. The difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​is the radial runout value of the wheel.

[0122] The present invention and its embodiments are described schematically above, and the description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by it and designs a structural method and an embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, characterized in that: The invention comprises a front mechanism (15) and a detection mechanism, wherein the front mechanism (15) and the detection mechanism are sequentially installed on the inner side of the track along the train entry direction, the front mechanism (15) is used to detect the wheel rim height of the wheel to be detected, and the detection mechanism is used to detect the radial runout of the wheel, and the detection mechanism comprises a pedal (2), a sliding plate (3) and a fixed plate assembly (4) installed on the inner side of the track (1) and parallel to each other, and a pedal balancing mechanism (13), wherein the sliding plate (3) and the pedal (2), as well as the sliding plate (3) and the fixed plate assembly (4) are connected via a slide rail mechanism, the sliding plate (3) is connected to a lifting drive mechanism (6), and an elastic element (8) is connected between the sliding plate (3) and the pedal (2); the pedal (2) is connected to the pedal balancing mechanism (13).

2. A system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pedal balancing mechanism (13) comprises a swing arm (1302), a slider fixing plate (1303) and a guide rail seat (1305), wherein the slider fixing plate (1303) is slidably mounted on the guide rail seat (1305) via a slide rail mechanism, and the two ends of the swing arm (1302) are rotationally connected to the slider fixing plate (1303) and the pedal (2) respectively.

3. A system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slide rail mechanism between the slider fixing plate (1303) and the guide rail seat (1305) comprises a second guide rail (1304) installed on the guide rail seat (1305) and a second slider (1306) installed on the slider fixing plate (1303).

4. A system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The detection mechanisms are symmetrically installed on the inner sides of the double-sided tracks, and the number of detection mechanisms on the same side is ≥2; a trigger mechanism is also provided in front of the front mechanism (15), and the trigger mechanism includes a first magnetic steel (1401) and a second magnetic steel (1402) arranged at intervals along the inner side of the single-sided track.

5. A system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The fixed plate assembly (4) and the pedal balancing mechanism (13) are both fixedly mounted on the base plate assembly (2), and the base plate assembly (2) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the track (1).

6. A system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the sliding plate (3) are provided with a guide post and guide sleeve mechanism (12), the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism (12) comprising a guide post (1201), a guide sleeve (1202) and a base (1203), wherein the guide sleeve (1202) is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the sliding plate (3), the base (1203) is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate assembly (2), the guide post (1201) passes through the guide sleeve (1202) and is fixedly connected to the base (1203); an inner lining (1204) is also provided between the guide sleeve (1202) and the guide post (1201), and a ball bearing is provided on the inner lining (1204).

7. The system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sliding plate (3) is connected to the lifting drive mechanism (6) through a rocker transmission mechanism (10), and the rocker transmission mechanism (10) comprises an upper slider fixing plate (1001), a rocker (1002) and a lower slider fixing plate (1003), wherein the two ends of the rocker (1002) are respectively rotatably connected to the upper slider fixing plate (1001) and the lower slider fixing plate (1003) to form a parallelogram mechanism, the upper slider fixing plate (1001) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (3), and the lower slider fixing plate (1003) is drivingly connected to the lifting drive mechanism (6).

8. A system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower slider fixing plate (1003) is slidably connected to the base plate assembly (5) via a slide rail mechanism, wherein the slide rail mechanism comprises a first slider (1004) mounted on the lower slider fixing plate (1003), and a first guide rail (1005) mounted on the base plate assembly (5) and cooperating with the first slider (1004).

9. A system for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A displacement sensing plate (903) is fixed on the pedal (2), and a fixedly installed displacement sensor (901) is correspondingly provided above or below the displacement sensing plate (903).

10. A method for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, characterized in that: Using the system described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the process is as follows: Step 1: Train entry and exit judgment The train entry and exit is judged by the triggering sequence of the triggering unit. If the train is entering the warehouse, the control system controls the front mechanism (15) and the detection mechanism to start and prepare for wheel detection; if the train is leaving the warehouse, the front mechanism (15) and the detection mechanism are not started; Step 2: Train wheel rim height detection When the train is entering the warehouse and passing through the front mechanism (15), the front mechanism (15) detects the wheel flange height of the train wheels and feeds back to the control system; Step 3: Adjust the preload of the testing mechanism pedal According to the detection result of the front mechanism (15), the operation of the lifting drive mechanism (6) is controlled by the control system, thereby adjusting the initial height of the pedal (2) in the detection mechanism, and the lifting drive mechanism (6) stops operating when the pre-pressure amount of the pedal (2) is within a set range; Step 4: Train wheel defect detection When the train wheels pass through the detection mechanism, the detection mechanism detects the radial runout of the tread of the train wheels.

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