A flexible explosion-proof top cover for explosion-proof barrels

Abstract

The present invention discloses a flexible explosion-proof top cover for an explosion-proof barrel. The use of the present invention can greatly improve the shock wave resistance and fire extinguishing capabilities of the explosion-proof barrel. The present invention sets a liquid layer in the explosion-proof top cover, which can convert the shock wave generated by the explosion into the kinetic energy of the liquid and absorb the shock wave; at the same time, a through hole is opened on the inner lining so that the liquid is in full contact with the shock wave, and the liquid layer is atomized and scattered under the action of the shock wave, so as to achieve the effect of both extinguishing the fire and absorbing the shock wave energy. The explosion-proof top cover of the present invention is made of flexible composite materials, does not contain metal and hard materials, and will not cause secondary damage to the human body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of explosion-proof devices, and in particular to a flexible explosion-proof top cover for an explosion-proof barrel. Background Art

[0002] Explosions mainly produce three types of hazards: fragments, shock waves and high-temperature flames. The general way to deal with explosives is to place them in explosion-proof barrels and detonate them.

[0003] There are two main types of common explosion-proof barrels. One is an open-top explosion-proof barrel. The barrel body and the barrel bottom are made of steel and firmly connected, and the top cover is made of foam material or light cloth. It mainly relies on the strength of the barrel body and the barrel bottom to block the explosion hazards caused by the explosives, and the top cover mainly plays the role of shielding and upward pressure relief. However, at the moment of the explosion of the explosive, due to the high strength of the barrel body itself, the shock wave and the detonation product cannot propagate from the circumference, so they converge and propagate upward, pushing out the top cover, and then diffracting and propagating to the surroundings. At the same time, the fireball generated by the explosion also spreads to the surroundings through the top. The top cover currently used does not have the effect of preventing shock waves. This type of explosion-proof barrel has certain advantages in protecting fragments, but the disadvantage is that it has no protective effect on the shock wave and high-temperature flames generated by the explosion. At the same time, there are certain requirements for the distance above the top cover of the explosion-proof barrel, because the explosion products and shock waves converge upward, which is easy to cause more serious damage to the buildings above. Generally, it is required to be open-air or the distance above is greater than 6m before it can be used.

[0004] The second type is a closed explosion-proof barrel. The barrel body, barrel bottom and top cover of the explosion-proof barrel are all made of steel. The top cover is firmly fixed to the explosion-proof barrel by threads, pins or certain fixing methods. There is a pressure relief hole of a certain size on the top cover, and the diameter of the hole is generally about 10mm. At the moment of explosion, due to the high-strength connection between the barrel body top cover and the barrel bottom as a whole, the pressure is released from the pressure relief hole on the top cover. The advantage of this type of explosion-proof barrel is that it has a certain protective effect against fragments, shock waves and high-temperature flames. However, due to the huge pressure of the detonation products and explosives generated by the explosion, when the explosive equivalent exceeds the explosion-proof equivalent of the explosion-proof barrel or the connection of the explosion-proof barrel is not reliable, the explosion shock wave can easily break through the connection between the top cover and the barrel body, causing secondary casualties.

[0005] Based on the current explosion-proof technology, there is no special design for the top cover of explosion-proof barrels. As an important component of explosion-proof barrels, the top cover of explosion-proof barrels plays an important role in protecting against shock waves and high-temperature flames of explosions. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a flexible explosion-proof top cover for an explosion-proof barrel, which has a certain supporting strength, is made entirely of flexible composite materials and liquids, contains no metal or hard materials, will not cause secondary harm to the human body, and can greatly improve the explosion-proof barrel's ability to resist shock waves and extinguish fires.

[0007] The flexible explosion-proof top cover of an explosion-proof barrel of the present invention comprises an inner liner A, an outer ring, an inner liner B, and a liquid layer; wherein the size of the outer ring matches the caliber of the explosion-proof barrel, and the inner liner A and the inner liner B are respectively fixed at the upper and lower ends of the outer ring; the liquid layer is sandwiched between the inner liner A and the inner liner B; the skin is wrapped around the outer surfaces of the inner liner A and the inner liner B, and the liquid layer is filled with liquid.

[0008] Preferably, the inner liner A, the inner liner B and the outer ring are made of polyurethane foam or other lightweight energy-absorbing non-metallic materials.

[0009] Preferably, the surfaces of the inner liner A, the inner liner B and the outer ring are sprayed with 1-3 mm thick polyurea or polyurethane elastomer.

[0010] Preferably, the inner liner A and the inner liner B are provided with through holes.

[0011] Preferably, the through holes have an area of ​​20% to 50% of the area of ​​the lining and are evenly arranged.

[0012] Preferably, support tubes are embedded in the liner A and the liner B.

[0013] Preferably, the support tube is made of carbon fiber or other non-metallic lightweight and high-strength materials.

[0014] Preferably, the liquid in the liquid layer is mainly a mixture of water, antifreeze, foam fire extinguishing agent and ultrafine silicon dioxide powder; wherein the mass percentage of the foam fire extinguishing agent is 10-15%, the mass percentage of the antifreeze is 10-20%, and the mass percentage of the ultrafine silicon dioxide powder is 2-5%.

[0015] Preferably, the skin is made of a single-layer cloth or oil paper structure and is glued to the outer surface of the lining.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention sets a liquid layer in the explosion-proof top cover, which can convert the shock wave generated by the explosion into the kinetic energy of the liquid and absorb the shock wave; at the same time, a through hole is opened on the inner lining so that the liquid is in full contact with the shock wave, and the liquid layer is atomized and scattered under the action of the shock wave, so as to achieve the effect of both extinguishing the fire and absorbing the energy of the shock wave. The explosion-proof top cover of the present invention is made of flexible composite materials, does not contain metal and hard materials, and will not cause secondary damage to the human body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the explosion-proof barrel top cover.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the explosion-proof barrel top cover.

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the support tube.

[0021] Figure 4 Simulation diagram for the performance test layout of explosion-proof barrel top cover

[0022] Figure 5 For an explosion-proof barrel without a top cover, changes in the shock wave overpressure peak value at test point A (3.5m from the explosion center and 0.3m from the ground) for the flexible explosion-proof top cover without holes and the flexible explosion-proof top cover with holes of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 For an explosion-proof barrel without a top cover, changes in the shock wave overpressure peak value at test point B (2.5m from the explosion center and 1.5m from the ground) of the flexible explosion-proof top cover without holes and the flexible explosion-proof top cover with holes of the present invention.

[0024] Among them, 1.1—lining A, 1.2—skin, 1.3—outer ring, 1.4—lining A, 1.5—liquid layer, 1.6—support tube; 1—top cover of explosion-proof barrel, 2—body of explosion-proof barrel, 3—500g explosive, 4—air domain, 5—test point A (3.5m from the center of the barrel, 0.3m from the ground), 6—test point B (2.5m from the center of the barrel, 1.5m from the ground). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] The present invention provides a flexible explosion-proof top cover for an explosion-proof barrel, such as Figure 1 to Figure 3 As shown, it comprises a liner A 1.1, an outer ring 1.3, a liner B 1.4, a liquid layer 1.5 and a skin 1.2.

[0027] The inner liner A 1.1, the inner liner B 1.4 and the outer ring 1.3 form the outer contour of the explosion-proof top cover and play a supporting role; the size of the outer ring matches the caliber of the explosion-proof barrel, and the inner liner A 1.1 and the inner liner B 1.4 are respectively fixed at the upper and lower ends of the outer ring 1.3; the liquid layer 1.5 is sandwiched between the inner liner A 1.1 and the inner liner B 1.4; the skin 1.2 is wrapped around the outer surface of the inner liner A 1.1 and the inner liner B 1.4 for surface packaging and flatness.

[0028] The outer ring 1.3 is made of polyurethane foam; polyurea or polyurethane elastomer can be sprayed on the surface, and the thickness of the spray layer is 1-3mm. The density of the polyurethane foam is 50-300kg / m 3, after spraying polyurea on the surface, it can ensure that the structure has a certain elasticity and strength, and its density is low, which reduces the weight of the overall supporting structure. At the same time, the polyurethane foam breaks under the action of the explosion shock wave and absorbs a large amount of shock wave energy. The thickness of the outer ring is about 8-15mm. In order to improve the structural strength of the outer ring, polyurea or polyurethane elastomer is sprayed on the inner and outer surfaces of the outer ring, so that the structure is elastic as a whole, not easy to break under normal use conditions, and has a certain rigidity, while improving the aging resistance and corrosion resistance of the structure.

[0029] Liner A 1.1 and lining B 1.4 are made of polyurethane foam with a thickness of 8-15mm; the density of polyurethane foam is 50-300kg / m 3 ; Spray polyurea or other elastomers on the surface, the spray layer thickness is 1-3mm.

[0030] In order to further improve the energy absorption effect of the liquid layer, through holes can be provided on the inner liner A 1.1 and the inner liner B 1.4, so that the explosion shock wave has a certain contact area with the liquid layer through the through holes, and the energy of the explosion shock wave can be quickly converted into the kinetic energy of the top cover and the kinetic energy of the liquid in the top cover liquid layer, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly absorbing the energy of the explosion shock wave. At the same time, the openings can also make the liquid atomized and scattered under the action of the shock wave, so as to achieve the effect of both extinguishing the fire and absorbing the energy of the shock wave. Among them, preferably, the through holes on the inner liner A 1.1 and the inner liner B 1.4 are symmetrical, preferably slots; the area of ​​the through holes is 20% to 50% of the area of ​​the inner liner, and the through holes on a single inner liner are preferably multiple symmetrical, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0031] In order to further improve the structural strength of the lining, a support pipe 1.6 may be embedded in the lining; Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the support tube 1.6 is embedded in the liner A 1.1 and the liner B 1.4. The support tube 1.6 is made of carbon fiber tube or other high-strength and high-modulus fiber composite material (elasticity greater than 70 GPa, tensile strength greater than 300 MPa) to improve the rigidity of the top cover and support the overall structure.

[0032] The liquid in the liquid layer 1.5 is mainly a mixture of water, antifreeze, foam fire extinguishing agent and ultrafine silicon dioxide powder. The mass percentage is: foam fire extinguishing agent 10-15%, antifreeze 10-20%, ultrafine silicon dioxide powder 2-5%, water 65-73%. After the other contents are determined, the water content can be adjusted to make the proportion. Among them, the foam fire extinguishing agent is to increase the fire extinguishing function of the top cover, the antifreeze is to be used in a low temperature environment, the ultrafine silicon dioxide powder is to increase the friction between the liquids during the explosion, and the ultrafine silicon dioxide powder can also serve as a condensation nucleus of water mist to increase the action volume between the liquid and the water mist. The working principle of the liquid layer is that the shock wave generated by the explosion hits the top cover and accelerates the internal liquid layer. The liquid layer obtains kinetic energy, thereby converting the shock wave energy into the kinetic energy of the liquid. The opening effect makes the liquid and the shock wave completely contact. The liquid layer is atomized and scattered under the action of the shock wave, which can both extinguish the fire and absorb the shock wave energy. The liquid in the liquid layer is packaged with a plastic water bag.

[0033] The skin 1.2 can be a single-layer cloth or oil paper structure, and its size can be based on the size of the openings in the liner 1 and the liner 2. The skin is glued to the outer surface of the liner A 1.1 and the liner B 1.4. The role of the skin can ensure the flatness of the structure, while reducing the light entering the water bag, reducing aging, and extending the product life.

[0034] The manufacturing process of the explosion-proof top cover of the present invention is as follows:

[0035] S1. Using a mold, heat press the liner A 1.1 and the liner B 1.4 together with the carbon fiber tube 1.6 into a whole, with the carbon fiber tube being located in the middle layer between the liner A 1.1 and the liner B 1.4;

[0036] S2. Spray polyurea on the outer surfaces of the inner lining A 1.1, the inner lining B 1.4 and the outer ring 1.3 to ensure that the sprayed surface is flat;

[0037] S3, grooving the lining A 1.1 and the lining B 1.4;

[0038] S4. Glue the bottom ends of the inner lining B 1.4 and the outer ring 1.4 and let them stand until they are completely firmly connected;

[0039] S5, filling the liquid into the plastic water bag and placing it in the semi-open structure formed in step S4;

[0040] S6. Glue the inner liner A 1.1 to the upper end of the outer ring 1.4, so that the inner liner A 1.1, the inner liner B 1.4, the outer ring 1.3 and the liquid layer 1.5 form an integral structure.

[0041] S7. Encapsulate the opening with a skin, wherein the size and shape of the skin are determined according to the shape of the opening.

[0042] S8. Put on the outer packaging after it has stood still.

[0043] The following is an analysis based on a specific example. The explosion-proof barrel is a steel explosion-proof barrel with an outer diameter of 500mm, an inner diameter of 460mm, and a height of 800mm. The diameter of the liner A 1.1 and the liner B 1.4 are 500mm, the thickness is 10mm, and the density is 150kg / cm 3 The outer ring 1.3 has an outer diameter of 500mm, an inner diameter of 480mm, and a thickness of 10mm. It is made of a density of 150kg / cm 3 The polyurethane foam material is extruded and sprayed with 2mm thick polyurea on the surface. The liquid in the liquid layer 1.5 is a mixed liquid of antifreeze, fire extinguishing agent, ultrafine silica powder and water, wherein the mass percentages of water, antifreeze, foam fire extinguishing agent and ultrafine silica powder are 70:15:12:3. Pour the liquid into a water bag of corresponding size and place it in the liner. Liner A 1.1 and liner B 1.4 are both symmetrically opened with 3 slots, and the opening area accounts for 30% of the surface area of ​​the liner. Support tube 1.6 is a carbon fiber tube with an outer diameter of 5mm and a wall thickness of 1mm, which is respectively embedded in the middle of liner A 1.1 and liner B 1.4. There are 5 carbon fiber tubes in liner A 1.1, and the distance between the carbon fiber tubes is 80mm.

[0044] The explosion-proof effect of the explosion-proof top cover is simulated and tested. The test layout is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, 500g of explosives are placed in an explosion-proof barrel, and the explosion-proof top cover of this embodiment is covered on the explosion-proof barrel. The shock wave overpressure at the test point A (3.5m from the center of the explosion-proof barrel and 0.3m from the ground) and the test point B (2.5m from the center of the explosion-proof barrel and 1.5m from the ground) in the air domain are simulated and calculated, and the effects of no top cover and the top cover of the present invention but without a hole in the top cover are compared. The results are as follows Figure 5-6 As shown. Figure 5 It can be seen that at test point A, the shock wave overpressure without a top cover is 34.7 kPa; when the flexible explosion-proof barrel top cover provided by the present invention is used, the shock wave overpressure at this point is 31.2 kPa when the top cover is not perforated, and the shock wave overpressure at this point is 29.5 kPa when the top cover is perforated. The peak value of the shock wave differential pressure borne by the human body is 30 kPa, and the explosion-proof barrel top cover can effectively weaken the shock wave.

[0045] At test point B, the shock wave overpressure without a cover is 68.5 kPa, the flexible explosion-proof cover (without openings) of the present invention is 49.3 kPa, and the one with openings is 38.8 kPa. Although it is still greater than the maximum shock wave differential pressure that the human body can withstand, it effectively reduces the shock wave overpressure compared to no cover.

[0046] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible explosion-proof top cover for an explosion-proof barrel, characterized in that: It comprises an inner liner A (1.1), an outer ring (1.3), an inner liner B (1.4), and a liquid layer (1.5); wherein the size of the outer ring (1.3) matches the caliber of the explosion-proof barrel, and the inner liner A (1.1) and the inner liner B (1.4) are respectively fixed at the upper and lower ends of the outer ring (1.3); the liquid layer (1.5) is sandwiched between the inner liner A (1.1) and the inner liner B (1.4); the skin (1.2) is wrapped around the outer surface of the inner liner A (1.1) and the inner liner B (1.4), and the liquid layer contains liquid; The inner liner A (1.1), the inner liner B (1.4) and the outer ring (1.3) are made of polyurethane foam or other lightweight energy-absorbing non-metallic materials; The surfaces of the inner lining A (1.1), the inner lining B (1.4) and the outer ring (1.3) are sprayed with 1-3 mm thick polyurea or polyurethane elastomer; The inner liner A (1.1) and the inner liner B (1.4) are respectively provided with a plurality of through holes arranged in a symmetrical manner; The through holes have an area of ​​20% to 50% of the lining area and are evenly arranged; The inner lining A (1.1) and the inner lining B (1.4) are embedded with support tubes (1.6); The support tube (1.6) is made of carbon fiber or other non-metallic lightweight and high-strength materials.

2. The explosion-proof barrel flexible explosion-proof top cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid in the liquid layer is mainly a mixture of water, antifreeze, foam fire extinguishing agent and ultrafine silicon dioxide powder; wherein the mass percentage of the foam fire extinguishing agent is 10-15%, the mass percentage of the antifreeze is 10-20%, and the mass percentage of the ultrafine silicon dioxide powder is 2-5%.

3. The explosion-proof barrel flexible explosion-proof top cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skin (1.2) is a single-layer cloth or oil paper structure and is glued to the outer surface of the lining.

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