A waterproof performance testing system and method for expansion joint waterproof structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a system and method for testing the waterproof performance of a deformation joint waterproof structure. The system comprises a main structure having a hollow cavity disposed therein, the deformation joint waterproof structure and a water inlet and outlet disposed thereon; a pressure rack unit disposed outside the main structure and configured to apply axial pressure to the main structure; a pressure control unit comprising a pressure pump that injects water into the hollow cavity through the water inlet and outlet; and a processing unit comprising electrodes disposed on the main structure and a data processing device connected to the electrodes. The present invention can test the effect of axial force on the waterproof performance of the main structure, reducing test complexity and improving test accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underground structure waterproof testing, and in particular to a system and method for testing the waterproof performance of a deformation joint waterproof structure. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid economic development of my country and the increase in urban population, surface land resources are becoming increasingly scarce. The development and utilization of urban underground space will bring new opportunities and challenges to the future development of cities. In recent years, my country has incorporated urban underground space into its overall urban planning, and large-scale underground building structures such as subways and integrated pipeline corridors have experienced rapid development. Underground building structures require various expansion joints. The main function of expansion joints is to prevent the underground building structure from deforming due to external factors, leading to cracking or even damage. The waterproofing and anti-seepage of expansion joints is the weakest link in the entire underground building structure. If the expansion joints are not waterproofed properly, it will cause serious leakage in the underground project and affect its use. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the structural performance of the expansion joint waterproofing.

[0003] Currently, research on expansion joint waterproofing and anti-seepage issues at home and abroad focuses on optimizing waterproof structures, innovating waterproof materials, and addressing aging and failure of waterproof structures. However, the effectiveness of different types of waterproof structures and new waterproof materials is largely based on engineering applications and construction experience, making it difficult to evaluate and measure the waterproofing effectiveness of waterproof structures and materials in advance. In order to objectively reflect the waterproofing effectiveness of different waterproof structures and evaluate their waterproofing performance in advance, conducting laboratory model tests is a practical method at this stage.

[0004] There are few test devices for testing the waterproof performance of expansion joint waterproof structures. Among the few test devices, sensors are often installed on the inside of the underground structure. This approach requires the layout of wires to connect to the data acquisition system outside the cavity, which is complicated to operate. The long-term contact of the sensors with pressurized water will affect the test accuracy. At the same time, the existing test systems all focus on the impact of changes in the soil pressure of the main structure on the waterproof performance of the waterproof structure, but ignore the axial pressure, while expansion joints are more affected by axial forces. The design service life of the integrated pipeline corridor is 100 years. The waterproof structure of the expansion joint will gradually age and its waterproof performance will be affected. There are few relevant test results on the long-term waterproof performance of the expansion joint waterproof structure.

[0005] Therefore, designing a test device that can truly simulate the waterproof performance of expansion joint waterproof structures has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a system and method for testing the waterproof performance of a deformation joint waterproof structure, which can at least solve the problems of the existing testing device having complex operation and inaccurate test results.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A system for testing the waterproof performance of a deformation joint waterproof structure, the testing system comprising:

[0009] A main structure, wherein a hollow cavity is provided inside the main structure, a deformation joint and a water inlet and outlet are provided on the main structure, and a deformation joint waterproof structure is provided at the deformation joint;

[0010] a pressure frame unit, the pressure frame unit being arranged outside the main structure and being used to apply axial pressure to the main structure;

[0011] A pressure control unit, the pressure control unit comprising a pressure pump, the pressure pump injecting water into the hollow cavity through the water inlet and outlet;

[0012] A processing unit includes electrodes arranged on the main structure and a data processing device connected to the electrodes.

[0013] Based on the above, the pressure rack unit includes a steel plate, a screw, a nut and a pressure sensor;

[0014] The two steel plates are respectively arranged at the corresponding two ends of the main structure, and the two steel plates are connected by the screw. The two ends of the screw are provided with nuts to fix the two steel plates, and the pressure sensor is installed on the nuts;

[0015] The axial force of the main structure is adjusted by controlling the tightness of the nut, and the magnitude of the axial force is read by the pressure sensor.

[0016] Based on the above, the electrodes are evenly distributed on the side wall of the main structure where the deformation seam is provided. One end of the electrode is inserted into the side wall, and the other end is exposed and connected to the data processing device.

[0017] Based on the above, different types of expansion joint waterproof structures are respectively provided on the top plate, bottom plate and side wall of the main structure;

[0018] Preferably, the expansion joint waterproof structure is composed of different types of waterproof materials, and the types of waterproof materials include steel-edge rubber waterstop, external rubber waterstop, sealing caulking material and waterproof membrane.

[0019] Based on the above, the hollow cavity is used to accommodate water injected through the water inlet and outlet, and the inner surface of the hollow cavity is provided with a waterproof layer.

[0020] Based on the above, the main structure is a concrete structure;

[0021] Preferably, the side surfaces around the axis of the main structure are provided with interconnected deformation seams, dividing the main structure into two parts along the axial direction.

[0022] Based on the above, the pressure control unit further includes a pressure gauge for displaying the water pressure value in the hollow cavity after water injection.

[0023] Based on the above, the data processing device is an electrical instrument.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for testing the waterproof performance of a deformation joint waterproof structure, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: inject water into the hollow cavity through a pressure pump;

[0026] Step 2: Regulate the pressure pump to gradually apply water pressure in the hollow cavity, and measure the apparent resistivity change of the area around the expansion joint waterproof structure under different water pressure environments through electrodes, thereby obtaining the waterproof performance of the expansion joint waterproof structure;

[0027] Step 3: Adjust the tightness of the nuts on the pressure frame, apply axial pressure to the main structure step by step, read its size through the pressure sensor, and measure the apparent resistivity change of the area around the deformation joint waterproof structure through the electrode, so as to obtain the waterproof performance of the deformation joint waterproof structure under different axial pressures.

[0028] Based on the above, the water pressure and axial pressure in the hollow cavity are kept unchanged, the test time is extended, and the long-term waterproof performance of the expansion joint waterproof structure is tested.

[0029] Compared with the closest existing technology, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following excellent effects:

[0030] The present invention provides a system and method for testing the waterproof performance of a deformation joint waterproof structure. The present invention simulates the axial force of a pipe gallery through a pressure rack unit to test the waterproof performance of the deformation joint waterproof structure under different axial pressures. Electrodes and an electrical instrument are arranged on the outside of the main structure, which can eliminate the need for arranging test wires and simplify the structure of the test device. At the same time, the main structure has only one water inlet and outlet communicating with the outside world, so the hollow cavity has better sealing performance and more accurate test data. At the same time, long-term monitoring of the waterproof performance of the waterproof structure can be achieved. The present invention not only takes into account the influence of the axial force of the main structure on the waterproof performance, but also reduces the complexity of the test and improves the test accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a test system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a coordinate diagram of the main structure model in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the apparent resistivity at the position x=0.085m in the longitudinal direction of the main structure in a water-free state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the apparent resistivity at the position x=0.155m in the longitudinal direction of the main structure in a water-free state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the apparent resistivity at the position x=0.220m in the longitudinal direction of the main structure in a water-free state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the apparent resistivity of the main structure at a position x=0.085m in the longitudinal direction in a water-filled and unpressurized state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the apparent resistivity of the main structure at a position x=0.155m in the longitudinal direction in a water-filled and unpressurized state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the apparent resistivity of the main structure at a position x=0.220m in the longitudinal direction in a water-filled and unpressurized state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the apparent resistivity of the main structure at a position x=0.085m in the longitudinal direction under the state of water filling and pressurization of 0.05MPa in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the apparent resistivity of the main structure at a position x=0.155m in the longitudinal direction under the state of water filling and pressurization of 0.05MPa in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the apparent resistivity of the main structure at a position x=0.220m in the longitudinal direction under the state of water filling and pressurization of 0.05MPa in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the apparent resistivity at the position x=0.085m in the longitudinal direction of the front side of the main structure in the state of being filled with water and pressurized at 0.2MPa in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the apparent resistivity at the position x=0.155m in the longitudinal direction of the front side of the main structure in the state of being filled with water and pressurized at 0.2MPa in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the apparent resistivity at the position x=0.220m in the longitudinal direction of the front side of the main structure in the state of being filled with water and pressurized at 0.2MPa in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional view of the apparent resistivity at the position x=0.085m in the longitudinal direction on the back side of the main structure in a state of being filled with water and pressurized at 0.2MPa in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional view of the apparent resistivity at a position x=0.155m in the longitudinal direction on the back side of the main structure in a state of being filled with water and pressurized at 0.2MPa in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional view of the apparent resistivity at the position x=0.220m in the longitudinal direction on the back side of the main structure in the state of being filled with water and pressurized at 0.2MPa in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure: 1. Main structure; 2. Expansion joint waterproof structure; 3. Expansion joint waterproof structure; 4. Pressure steel plate; 5. Pressure steel plate; 6. Fastening bolts; 7. Fastening bolts; 8. Fastening nuts; 9. Fastening nuts; 10. Fastening nuts; 11. Fastening nuts; 12. Pressure sensor; 13. Pressure sensor; 14. Electrode; 15. Data processing device; 16. Waterproof coating; 17. Pressure pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate component. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the waterproof performance testing system of the expansion joint waterproof structure in this embodiment includes a main structure 1, a pressure frame unit, a pressure control unit and a processing unit. The main structure 1 is provided with a hollow cavity inside, such as Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the hollow cavity is set in the middle position of the main structure 1. The main structure 1 is a concrete structure. A deformation joint is set on the main structure 1 to connect the hollow cavity and the outside world. In this embodiment, the sides around the axis of the main structure are provided with interconnected deformation joints, dividing the main structure into two parts along the axial direction. A deformation joint waterproof structure for waterproofing is set at the deformation joint. In this embodiment, different types of deformation joint waterproof structures are set on the top plate, bottom plate and side walls of the main structure 1 respectively. The deformation joint waterproof structure is composed of multiple different types of waterproof materials, including steel-edged rubber waterstop, external rubber waterstop, sealing caulking material and waterproof membrane. Figure 1 The deformation joint waterproof structure 2 and the deformation joint waterproof structure 3 shown in the figure are composed of different types of waterproof materials.

[0052] Taking into account that there are many types of waterproof structures set at deformation joints, two different types of deformation joint waterproof structures 2 and deformation joint waterproof structures 3 can be selected in this embodiment. In other embodiments, both can also adopt the same type, and in other embodiments, the number of deformation joints and the type of deformation joint waterproof structures can be increased, decreased and adjusted according to actual needs to meet testing requirements.

[0053] A water inlet and outlet are provided at one end of the main structure 1, and the water inlet and outlet are connected to a pressure pump 17. The pressure pump 17 injects water into the hollow cavity of the main structure 1 through the water inlet and outlet, thereby simulating groundwater pressure in the hollow cavity. In this embodiment, a waterproof coating 16 is also applied on the inner wall of the hollow cavity. The purpose of applying the waterproof coating is to enhance the waterproof and anti-seepage performance of the concrete and reduce the apparent resistivity change at the expansion joint waterproof structure after water is injected into the hollow cavity due to the influence of concrete seepage.

[0054] In this embodiment, a pressure frame unit is provided on the outside of the main structure 1. The pressure frame unit is used to apply axial pressure to the main structure 1. In this embodiment, the pressure frame unit includes a steel plate, a screw, a nut and a pressure sensor. In this embodiment, two steel plates are respectively provided at the corresponding ends of the main structure 1. The two steel plates are connected by a screw. Nuts are provided at both ends of the screw to fix the two steel plates. The pressure sensor is installed on the nut. Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The figure shows steel plates 4 and 5, which are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the main structure. The two steel plates are connected by fastening bolts 6 and fastening bolts 7. Fastening nuts 8 and fastening nuts 9 are respectively arranged at both ends of the fastening bolts 6, and fastening nuts 10 and fastening nuts 11 are respectively arranged at both ends of the fastening bolts 7. Pressure sensors 12 and pressure sensors 13 are respectively arranged at the fastening nuts 9 and fastening nuts 11.

[0055] In this embodiment, the axial force on the main structure 1 is adjusted by controlling the tightness of the fastening nut on the fastening screw, and the magnitude of the axial force is read by the pressure sensor. In other embodiments, the specific implementation form of the pressure rack unit is not limited to the structure given in this embodiment, as long as the structure of the pressure rack unit can provide axial force for the main structure and can adjust the magnitude of the axial force.

[0056] In this embodiment, the pressure control unit includes a pressure pump 17 and a pressure gauge (not shown in the figure). The pressure pump 17 injects water into the hollow cavity through the water inlet and outlet, and adjusts the pressure in the hollow cavity. The pressure value in the hollow cavity is read by the pressure gauge, and then the working condition of the pressure pump is adjusted according to the reading of the pressure gauge to keep the pressure value in the hollow cavity at a constant value.

[0057] The processing unit in this embodiment includes electrodes 14 disposed on the main structure 1 and a data processing device 15 connected to the electrodes 14. In this embodiment, the electrodes 14 are evenly distributed on the side walls of the main structure 1 where deformation joints are provided. One end of the electrode 14 is inserted into the side wall of the main structure 1, and the other end is exposed and connected to the data processing device 15. In this embodiment, the data processing device 15 is an electrical instrument. The material of the electrode 14 can be copper. Regarding the arrangement of the electrodes, the denser the arrangement, the more precise the test. In this embodiment, for ease of operation, the electrodes are only arranged on one side wall of the main structure 1. In this way, the waterproofing of the deformation joints on all four side walls can be monitored simultaneously.

[0058] In this embodiment, the total length of the electrode 14 is 10 cm, of which only 5 cm is inserted into the side wall of the concrete main structure 1, and 5 cm is exposed on the outside. In this embodiment, the electrode 14 is only set on one side wall, and the waterproof condition of the deformation joints on the four side walls can also be detected. Because the main structure 1 is a continuous medium, it is not necessary to arrange the electrodes 14 on all sides. The apparent resistivity can be detected as long as it is within a certain range of the electrode 14.

[0059] Specifically, the testing method of the expansion joint waterproof structure waterproof performance testing system in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: Prepare a main structure with a deformation joint waterproof structure. The main structure is provided with deformation joints, and each deformation joint has a different deformation joint waterproof structure. An inlet and outlet are set at the top of the main structure. Electrodes are arranged on the side wall of the main structure with the deformation joint and the side wall opposite to it. The electrodes are distributed in a matrix, and the data processing device is connected to the electrodes.

[0061] Step 2: Make the pressure frame unit, and connect the steel plate tightly to both ends of the main structure.

[0062] Step 3: inject water into the hollow cavity through a pressure pump.

[0063] Step 4: Regulate the pressure pump to gradually apply water pressure in the hollow cavity, and measure the apparent resistivity change near the expansion joint waterproof structure under different water pressure environments, thereby obtaining the waterproof performance of the expansion joint waterproof structure.

[0064] Step 5: Adjust the tightness of the nuts on the pressure frame, apply axial force to the main structure step by step, and read its size through the pressure sensor to test the waterproof performance of the expansion joint waterproof structure under different axial pressures.

[0065] Step 6: Keep the water pressure in the hollow cavity and the axial pressure on the main structure unchanged, extend the test time, and test the long-term waterproof performance of the expansion joint waterproof structure.

[0066] In this test method, Figure 2 The main structure placement on the left side of the middle is used as a reference for description.

[0067] The actual data collection in this embodiment is carried out by ABM method. The data collection parameters are 0.5s constant current, 50ms sampling interval, single positive current collection mode, and single collection time of about half an hour. Figure 2 The leftmost measuring electrode is the origin of the coordinate system. Figure 2 The coordinate system shown on the right is inverted and sliced ​​along the y-axis at x = 0.085m, x = 0.155m, and x = 0.220m to obtain the apparent resistivity distribution map of the longitudinal section of the main structure. Figures 3 to 5 These are the apparent resistivity profiles at x = 0.085m, x = 0.115m, and x = 0.220m in the longitudinal direction of the main structure under the water-free state. Figures 6 to 8 These are the apparent resistivity profiles at x = 0.085m, x = 0.115m, and x = 0.220m in the longitudinal direction of the main structure under the water-filled and unpressurized state. Figures 9 to 11 These are the apparent resistivity profiles at the positions x = 0.085m, x = 0.115m, and x = 0.220m in the longitudinal direction of the main structure under the state of water filling and pressure of 0.05MPa; Figures 12 to 14 These are the apparent resistivity profiles at the positions x = 0.085m, x = 0.115m, and x = 0.220m in the longitudinal direction of the front of the main structure under the state of water filling and pressure of 0.2MPa; Figures 15 to 17 These are the apparent resistivity profiles at x = 0.085m, x = 0.115m, and x = 0.220m on the back of the main structure in the longitudinal direction under the state of water filling and pressure of 0.2MPa. Figures 3 to 17 The dotted circle area indicates the relative resistance anomaly, which reflects the apparent resistivity distribution of the main structure along the longitudinal direction.

[0068] Figures 3 to 17The medium-dark gray area indicates a relatively low apparent resistivity distribution, while the light gray area indicates a relatively high apparent resistivity distribution. By observing the apparent resistivity distribution, we can determine the distribution of water near the expansion joint and, therefore, infer the waterproof performance of the expansion joint waterproof structure. In this embodiment, the main structural surface of the plug electrode 14 is the front surface, and its opposite surface is the back surface.

[0069] Through testing, we know that:

[0070] (1) In anhydrous state (such as Figures 3 to 5 ) The overall apparent resistivity distribution is relatively high in the center and relatively low in the periphery, which is consistent with the objective law that the apparent resistivity of the central cavity is greater than that of the peripheral cavity in a dry state.

[0071] (2) In the water-filled state (such as Figures 6 to 14 The apparent resistivity distribution has low resistance in the center and high resistance in the periphery, which is consistent with the objective law that the apparent resistivity at the deformation joint is less than that of the surrounding main structure under water immersion conditions.

[0072] (3) Pass Figures 6 to 14 It can be found that when the water pressure is gradually increased, the apparent resistivity range of the slice is gradually decreasing. The apparent resistivity range refers to the coordinates on the right side of the figure, for example Figure 6 The apparent resistivity range is 0~10Ω·m, and Figure 9 The apparent resistivity range is 0~7Ω·m, Figure 12 The medium apparent resistivity range is 0 to 4.2 Ω·m. As water pressure increases, the apparent resistivity range of the slice at the same location decreases. The low-resistance (dark gray) area becomes larger, indicating that as pressure increases, water seepage increases through the expansion joint, weakening the waterproofing effect of the waterproof structure.

[0073] (4) Pass Figures 12 to 17 It can be found that under the same conditions, different deformation joint waterproof structures show different low resistance anomalies, indicating that deformation joint waterproof structures made of different materials have different waterproof effects. In this embodiment, the deformation joint structure on the front of the main structure is a steel plate embedded waterstop + sealing caulking material + waterproof coating, and the waterproof structure on the back is a steel plate embedded waterstop + sealing caulking material + external waterstop + waterproof coating, so Figures 15 to 17 Compare Figures 12 to 14 The apparent resistivity is large and the low-resistance area is significantly small, indicating that the waterproof effect of the waterproof structure with a back structure is more significant.

[0074] To sum up, expansion joints are greatly affected by axial forces and less by lateral forces. Existing testing systems often ignore the axial pressure of the main structure. Therefore, the present invention adjusts the axial force of the main structure through the pressure frame unit to study the waterproof performance of the expansion joint waterproof structure under different axial pressures; at the same time, the existing testing systems mostly set sensors in the cavity, and need to arrange wires to connect to the data acquisition system outside the cavity, which is complicated to operate. The sensors are in contact with pressurized water for a long time, which will affect the test accuracy; the testing system of the present invention adopts electrodes and electrical instruments, eliminating the arrangement of test wires, and the underground main structure has only one water inlet and outlet connected to the outside world. The cavity sealing performance is better and the test data is more accurate. In addition, the testing system of the present invention can also realize long-term monitoring of the waterproof performance of the expansion joint waterproof structure.

[0075] Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present technology after considering the specification and practicing the invention described herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present technology that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the art not described herein. The description and examples are to be considered merely as exemplary, and the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the description and must be determined based on the scope of protection of this application.

[0076] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is limited only by the contents of the appended representative protection scope.

Claims

1. A waterproof performance testing system for expansion joint waterproof structures, characterized in that: The test system comprises: A main structure having a hollow cavity therein, a deformation joint and a water inlet and outlet extending through the inside and outside of the hollow cavity, and a deformation joint waterproof structure; interconnected deformation joints are provided on the sides around the axis of the main structure, dividing the main structure into two parts along the axial direction; a pressure frame unit, the pressure frame unit being arranged outside the main structure and being used to apply axial pressure to the main structure; A pressure control unit, the pressure control unit comprising a pressure pump, the pressure pump injecting water into the hollow cavity through the water inlet and outlet; a processing unit comprising electrodes disposed on the main structure and a data processing device connected to the electrodes; the pressure frame unit comprising a steel plate, a screw, a nut and a pressure sensor; The two steel plates are respectively arranged at the corresponding two ends of the main structure, and the two steel plates are connected by the screw. The two ends of the screw are provided with nuts to fix the two steel plates, and the pressure sensor is installed on the nuts; The axial force of the main structure is adjusted by controlling the tightness of the nut, and the magnitude of the axial force is read by the pressure sensor; Different types of deformation joint waterproof structures are respectively arranged on the top plate, bottom plate and side walls of the main structure.

2. The expansion joint waterproof structure waterproof performance testing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electrodes are evenly distributed on the side wall of the main structure where the deformation seam is provided. One end of the electrode is inserted into the side wall, and the other end is exposed and connected to the data processing device.

3. The waterproof performance testing system for expansion joint waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion joint waterproof structure is composed of different types of waterproof materials, including steel-edge rubber waterstop, external rubber waterstop, sealing caulking material and waterproof membrane.

4. The waterproof performance testing system for expansion joint waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow cavity is used to accommodate water injected through the water inlet and outlet, and the inner surface of the hollow cavity is provided with a waterproof layer.

5. The expansion joint waterproof structure waterproof performance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main structure is a concrete structure.

6. The waterproof performance testing system for expansion joint waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure control unit further comprises a pressure gauge for displaying the water pressure value in the hollow cavity after water injection.

7. The waterproof performance testing system for expansion joint waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing device is an electrical instrument.

8. A method for testing the waterproof performance of a deformation joint waterproof structure, wherein the waterproof performance test is performed by using any test system according to claim 1 to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: inject water into the hollow cavity through a pressure pump; Step 2: Regulate the pressure pump to gradually apply water pressure in the hollow cavity, and measure the apparent resistivity change of the area around the expansion joint waterproof structure under different water pressure environments through electrodes, thereby obtaining the waterproof performance of the expansion joint waterproof structure; Step 3: Adjust the tightness of the nuts on the pressure frame, apply axial pressure to the main structure step by step, read its size through the pressure sensor, and measure the apparent resistivity change of the area around the deformation joint waterproof structure through the electrode, so as to obtain the waterproof performance of the deformation joint waterproof structure under different axial pressures.

9. The method for testing the waterproof performance of a deformation joint waterproof structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: Keep the water pressure and axial pressure in the hollow cavity unchanged, extend the test time, and test the long-term waterproof performance of the expansion joint waterproof structure.

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