An aerosol sample sampling device capable of realizing automatic sampling

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sampling device, and in particular to an aerosol sample sampling device capable of realizing automatic sampling, which solves the problem that the existing sampling device cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of being able to automatically complete the sampling and packaging of multiple samples, and also meet the requirements of forming aerosols and sampling dust materials on the surface of an object or a target location at a specific location. The device is special in that: a turntable unit includes a turntable drive motor and a turntable arranged in a cavity formed by a front protective cover and a rear protective cover; the turntable is provided with four through holes evenly distributed along the circumference with the output shaft of the turntable drive motor as the center; the front protective cover is provided with a filter unit loading hole, an online filter hole, a filter material plugging hole and a filter material unloading hole which are coaxial with the four through holes and arranged in sequence in a clockwise direction; the first air inlet pipe is coaxial with the online filter hole; the filter material unit, the filter material plug, and the closed filter material unit are moved under the drive of the filter material drive motor, the plug drive motor and the filter material recovery motor respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a sampling device, in particular to an aerosol sample sampling device capable of realizing automatic sampling. Background Art

[0002] Aerosol sampling and analysis technology is widely used in the fields of medicine, energy, environment and nuclear technology. Aerosol samples are an important category of sampling samples, and its sampling technology has made great progress. By sampling and analyzing samples from different locations in radioactive contaminated areas, information such as the distribution and source of nuclides in the contaminated area can be obtained. Therefore, the relevant sampling or sampling technology is one of the most critical technologies and is worthy of research and development.

[0003] In 1998, the Institute of Inorganic Applied Chemistry at the University of Hamburg, Germany, developed the AUTOSCAN system (Automated Sampling and Chemical Analyzing of Atmospheric Parameters) to study the elemental composition exported from the shore to the sea near the coastline. The system includes an automated aerosol sampling system (S. Tamm, M. Schulz. Automated Aerosol Sampling aboard a North Sea Ferry. J. Aerosol Sci. Vol. 30, Suppl. 1, pp. S189-S190, 1999). The system uses 5 pre-installed filter units, and uses remote control mode to start and shut down the filter units to achieve aerosol sampling at different locations on the coastline. This technology only uses an electric switch to achieve automatic sampling control of the pre-installed filter units. The filter units are relatively complete equipment, and the entire device is relatively large after integration, which limits the number of samples.

[0004] In 1997, the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory of the United States established an automatic radionuclide aerosol sampler and analyzer system RASA (Radionuclide Aerosol Sampler / Analyzer) to meet the requirements of the CTBT Treaty on radioactive monitoring of aerosols in the air. The system integrates a set of radionuclide aerosol sampler devices (SM Bowyer et al., Automated Particulate Sampler For Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Verification. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE, VOL. 44, NO. 3, JUNE 1997), see Figure 1The device uses 6 pieces of 10cm×40cm strip filter material 02, which are provided by the filter material supply point 01 and vertically loaded on the filter material loading rack 03. After the aerosol is filtered, the 6 pieces of strip filter material 02 are simultaneously pulled by the driving extrusion roller 06 and squeezed and packaged together when passing through the filter material packaging extrusion roller 04, and then transmitted along the driving transmission line 05 to the detector 07 for measurement. The aerosol automatic sampling device is mainly used for background samples with extremely low sample volume, and has two disadvantages:

[0005] (1) The six strip filter materials 02 are distributed in a fan shape, and the airflow is uneven when passing through, which will lead to uneven distribution of aerosol on the strip filter material 02;

[0006] (2) The transmission distance of the strip filter material 02 before packaging is long, and the area of ​​the strip filter material 02 is large. During the traction process, the strip filter material 02 will lose part of the filtered aerosol due to shaking or contact with other components, which increases the uncertainty of the measurement.

[0007] In 2013, Li Huibin designed a device for automatic sampling and monitoring of plutonium aerosols in his doctoral dissertation. The device uses a reel to load a continuous filter paper roll as the filter material, and uses a motor to control another reel, which in turn controls the movement of the reel to achieve the purpose of filter material replacement and measurement. The device does not have a filter material packaging function, and does not require high safety for the sample, and is only suitable for sampling ambient atmospheric aerosols (Li Huibin, Research on continuous monitoring technology and equipment development of plutonium aerosols in high radon environments, doctoral dissertation in nuclear science and technology, Tsinghua University, 2013).

[0008] The Chinese patent with the invention name "A radioactive aerosol real-time sampling device", the authorization announcement number "CN 209961746U", and the authorization announcement date "2020.01.17", discloses a sampling device with a filter material replacement mode that is basically consistent with the above literature. The Chinese patent with the invention name "An aerosol sampler", the authorization announcement number "CN 209372645 U", and the authorization announcement date "2019.09.10", discloses a sampler that only uses a single-channel filtering structure and is only suitable for the collection of a single sample. It requires manual replacement of the filter material unit to complete multiple samplings. The key point is that its structure is still fixed.

[0009] All of the above aerosol sampling devices adopt the mode of natural environment sampling and do not actively generate aerosols.

[0010] The survey of radioactive contaminated areas requires remote control to obtain samples at different locations, which requires not only that the aerosol sampling device can automatically complete the sampling and packaging of multiple samples, but also that the material on the surface of the object or the ground at the target location be formed into aerosols and sampled at a specific location. Currently, there is no technology or device that meets the above technical requirements. Summary of the invention

[0011] The object of the present invention is to provide an aerosol sample sampling device that can realize automatic sampling, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing sampling devices cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of automatically completing the sampling and packaging of multiple samples and forming aerosols for sampling and use of dust materials on the surface of an object or on the ground at a target location at a specific location.

[0012] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is an aerosol sample sampling device capable of realizing automatic sampling, and its special features are:

[0013] It includes a filter material loading and unloading unit, a gas circuit unit, a plurality of filter material units and a plurality of filter material plugs;

[0014] The filter material loading and unloading unit includes a turntable unit, a filter material storage tube, a filter material plug storage tube, a filter material recovery tube, a filter material drive motor, a plug drive motor and a filter material recovery motor;

[0015] The turntable unit comprises a rear protective cover, a front protective cover, a turntable and a turntable drive motor; the front protective cover and the rear protective cover are fixedly connected to form a cavity; the turntable is arranged in the cavity; the rear end face of the rear protective cover, the turntable surface and the front end face of the front protective cover are parallel; after the filter material unit is blocked by the filter material plug, the combined component formed is defined as a closed filter material unit; the size of the cavity along the front-to-back direction is adapted to the height size of the closed filter material unit; the turntable drive motor is installed on the rear protective cover, and its output shaft vertically passes through the rear end face of the rear protective cover and is connected to the turntable;

[0016] Four through holes of equal size are vertically arranged on the disk surface of the turntable, and the four through holes are evenly arranged along the circumference with the output shaft of the turntable drive motor as the center; the radial dimensions of the four through holes are adapted to the radial dimensions of the closed filter material unit;

[0017] On the front end surface of the front protective cover, there are vertically arranged filter material unit loading holes, online filtering holes, filter material blocking holes and filter material unloading holes which are coaxial with the four through holes and arranged in sequence in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction;

[0018] The filter material storage tube, the filter material plug storage tube and the filter material recovery tube are all arranged on the front side of the turntable unit, and the three are respectively coaxially arranged with the filter material unit loading hole, the filter material plugging hole and the filter material unloading hole, and the three are fixedly connected to the front protective cover;

[0019] The filter material drive motor and the plug drive motor are respectively arranged in the inner cavity of the filter material storage tube and the filter material plug storage tube or at one end thereof away from the turntable unit;

[0020] The filter material recovery motor is installed on the rear protective cover, and its output shaft vertically passes through the rear end surface of the rear protective cover, points to the filter material unloading hole and is coaxial with it;

[0021] The gas circuit unit comprises a guide cover, a first air inlet pipe, an outer sealing head, an inner sealing head, a second air inlet pipe, an air pump, an air outlet pipe and a conical air jet;

[0022] The front end of the first air inlet pipe is connected to the air guide cover, and the rear end is connected to the front protective cover through an external sealing head and is coaxial with the online filter hole; the front end of the second air inlet pipe is connected to the rear protective cover through an internal sealing head, and the rear end is connected to the air inlet of the air pump; the internal sealing head and the external sealing head are coaxially arranged; the air outlet of the air pump is connected to the conical air jet through an air outlet pipe;

[0023] The plurality of filter material units are sequentially arranged in the filter material storage tube, and one end of the filter material unit cooperates with the filter material plug and points forward; the filter material unit can move toward one side of the turntable under the driving of the filter material driving motor;

[0024] The height dimension of the filter material unit is greater than the thickness dimension of the rotating disk and is adapted to the distance between the outer sealing head and the inner sealing head;

[0025] The plurality of filter material plugs are sequentially arranged in the filter material plug storage tube, and one end of the filter material plug cooperates with the filter material unit and points backward; the filter material plug can move toward one side of the turntable under the driving of the plug driving motor;

[0026] The filter material recovery motor can push the closed filter material unit to move into the filter material recovery pipe.

[0027] Furthermore, the filter material unit includes a filter material base, a filter material support net, a filter material and a filter material pressing ring;

[0028] The filter material base is cylindrical, and an inward limiting boss is provided at the bottom thereof;

[0029] The filter material support net is embedded in the bottom of the inner cavity of the filter material base and is axially positioned by the limiting boss;

[0030] The filter material is placed on the upper part of the filter material support net;

[0031] The filter material pressing ring is located on the upper part of the filter material and is connected to the filter material base, and the filter material is pressed by the filter material pressing ring;

[0032] The filter material plug is embedded in the inner cavity of the filter material pressing ring. The reason why the filter material plug is embedded in the inner cavity of the filter material pressing ring is to prevent the sample from being contaminated and leaking.

[0033] Further, one end of the outer sealing head connected to the front protective cover extends into the cavity, and a first O-ring is provided at the end;

[0034] One end of the inner sealing head connected to the rear protective cover extends into the cavity, and a second O-ring is provided at the end;

[0035] By setting the distance between the first O-ring and the second O-ring, the first O-ring and the second O-ring can be in close contact with the two ends of the filter material unit to perform sealing. In this way, the sealing structure is simple and the sealing effect is good. The height dimension of the filter material unit is greater than the thickness dimension of the turntable, so that the turntable can be prevented from contacting with the outer sealing head and the inner sealing head surface during the rotation of the turntable, generating friction, which is not conducive to the rotation of the turntable.

[0036] Furthermore, the second air inlet pipe includes an air inlet bellows. In this way, the turntable unit can turn relative to the air pump, thereby driving the air guide cover to turn relative to the air pump.

[0037] Furthermore, the air outlet pipe includes an air outlet bellows. In this way, the conical jet port can be turned relative to the air pump, thereby changing the direction of the aerosol.

[0038] Further, the rear protective cover is in the shape of a circular plate;

[0039] The front protective cover is barrel-shaped;

[0040] The turntable drive motor is installed at the center of the rear end surface of the rear protective cover. In this way, the structure is symmetrical and the arrangement is convenient.

[0041] Further, it also includes a control device;

[0042] The control device controls the start and stop of the turntable drive motor, the filter material drive motor, the plug drive motor and the filter material recovery motor.

[0043] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0044] (1) The aerosol sample sampling device capable of automatic sampling of the present invention cleverly utilizes the rotation of the turntable and the air inlet and outlet processes of the air pump, can carry multiple filter material units at a time, utilizes the rotation of the turntable to realize the automatic conversion of the four key processes of loading, filtering, sealing and unloading of the filter material unit, utilizes the air outlet process of the air pump to float the aerosol, and utilizes the air intake process of the air pump and the filter material unit to realize the filtering sampling of the floated aerosol; therefore, the present invention solves the technical problem that the existing sampling device cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of being able to automatically complete the sampling and packaging of multiple samples and meet the requirements of forming aerosols and sampling dust substances on the surface of an object or the ground at a target location at a specific location.

[0045] (2) The aerosol sample sampling device capable of automatic sampling of the present invention not only improves the sampling efficiency, but also has a simple structure and light weight, which is conducive to integration into an unmanned patrol device.

[0046] (3) The aerosol sample sampling device of the present invention can realize automatic sampling, and the sampling is safe and accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a set of radionuclide aerosol sampler devices integrated in the automatic radionuclide aerosol sampler and analyzer system RASA established in "SM Bowyer et al., Automated Particulate Sampler For Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Verification. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEARSCIENCE, VOL. 44, NO. 3, JUNE 1997" cited in the background technology;

[0048] Figure 1 The descriptions of the labels are as follows:

[0049] 01- filter material supply point, 02- strip filter material, 03- filter material loading rack, 04- filter material packaging extrusion roller, 05- drive transmission line, 06- drive extrusion roller, 07- detector.

[0050] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention from one viewing angle;

[0051] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure from another viewing angle of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 is an exploded diagram of a portion of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5is an exploded view of a closed filter material unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the assembly of the filter material unit, the filter material driving motor and the filter material storage tube in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the assembly of a filter material plug, a plug driving motor and a filter material plug storage tube in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 8 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure in which an O-ring is provided on the outer sealing head and the inner sealing head in an embodiment of the present invention (the first O-ring provided on the outer sealing head is not shown in the figure);

[0057] Figures 2 to 8 The descriptions of the labels are as follows:

[0058] 1-air pump, 201-first air inlet pipe, 202-second air inlet pipe, 3-air outlet pipe, 4-turntable unit, 5-filter material storage pipe, 6-filter material recovery pipe, 7-filter material plug storage pipe, 8-filter material recovery motor, 9-turntable drive motor, 10-inlet bellows, 11-conical jet port, 12-plug drive motor, 13-filter material drive motor, 14-flow guide cover, 15-external sealing head, 16 - inner sealing head, 17 - rear protective cover, 18 - front protective cover, 19 - turntable, 20 - first through hole, 21 - second through hole, 22 - third through hole, 23 - fourth through hole, 24 - filter material unit, 25 - filter material base, 26 - filter material support net, 27 - filter material, 28 - filter material clamping ring, 29 - filter material plug, 30 - closed filter material unit, 31 - second O-ring, 32 - air outlet bellows. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0060] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The present invention discloses an aerosol sample sampling device capable of realizing automatic sampling, comprising a filter material loading and unloading unit, a gas circuit unit, a plurality of filter material units 24 and a plurality of filter material plugs 29.

[0061] The filter material loading and unloading unit comprises a turntable unit 4 , a filter material storage tube 5 , a filter material plug storage tube 7 , a filter material recovery tube 6 , a filter material driving motor 13 , a plug driving motor 12 and a filter material recovery motor 8 .

[0062] The turntable unit 4 includes a rear protective cover 17, a front protective cover 18, a turntable 19 and a turntable drive motor 9; the front protective cover 18 and the rear protective cover 17 are fixedly connected to form a cavity; the turntable 19 is arranged in the above cavity; the rear end surface of the rear protective cover 17, the disk surface of the turntable 19 and the front end surface of the front protective cover 18 are parallel; in this embodiment, the rear protective cover 17 is preferably a circular plate; the front protective cover 18 is a barrel shape; see Figure 5 , it is defined that after the filter material unit 24 is blocked with the filter material plug 29, the combined component formed is a closed filter material unit 30; the size of the cavity along the front-to-back direction is compatible with the height size of the closed filter material unit 30; the turntable drive motor 9 is installed on the rear protective cover 17, and its output shaft vertically passes through the rear end face of the rear protective cover 17 and is connected to the turntable 19; in this embodiment, it is preferred that the turntable drive motor 9 is installed at the center of the rear end face of the rear protective cover 17. On the surface of the turntable 19, four through holes 20, 21, 22, 23 of equal size are vertically arranged, and the four through holes 20, 21, 22, 23 are evenly arranged along the circumference with the output shaft of the turntable drive motor 9 as the center; the radial dimensions of the above four through holes 20, 21, 22, 23 are compatible with the radial dimensions of the closed filter material unit 30; on the front end face of the front protective cover 18, there are vertically arranged the four through holes 20, 21, 22, 23. The filter material unit loading hole, online filtering hole, filter material plugging hole and filter material unloading hole are respectively coaxial and arranged in sequence in the clockwise direction or counterclockwise direction; in this embodiment, they are arranged in sequence in the counterclockwise direction; the four through holes 20, 21, 22, 23 are defined, and the through holes coaxially corresponding to the filter material unit loading hole, online filtering hole, filter material plugging hole and filter material unloading hole are respectively the first through hole 20, the second through hole 21, the third through hole 22 and the fourth through hole 23. The above-mentioned filter material storage tube 5, filter material plug storage tube 7 and filter material recovery tube 6 are all arranged on the front side of the turntable unit 4, and the three are respectively coaxially arranged with the filter material unit loading hole, the filter material plugging hole and the filter material unloading hole, and the three are all fixedly connected to the front protective cover 18. The above-mentioned filter material driving motor 13 and the plug driving motor 12 are respectively arranged in the inner cavity of the filter material storage tube 5 and the filter material plug storage tube 7 or at one end thereof away from the turntable unit 4; the above-mentioned filter material recovery motor 8 is installed on the rear protective cover 17, and its output shaft vertically passes through the rear end face of the rear protective cover 17, pointing to the filter material unloading hole and being coaxial with it.

[0063] The gas circuit unit comprises a flow guide cover 14 , a first air inlet pipe 201 , an outer sealing head 15 , an inner sealing head 16 , a second air inlet pipe 202 , an air pump 1 , an air outlet pipe 3 and a conical air injection port 11 .

[0064] The front end of the first air inlet pipe 201 is connected to the guide cover 14, and the rear end is connected to the front protective cover 18 through the outer sealing head 15, and is coaxial with the online filter hole; the front end of the second air inlet pipe 202 is connected to the rear protective cover 17 through the inner sealing head 16, and the rear end is connected to the air inlet of the air pump 1; the inner sealing head 16 and the outer sealing head 15 are coaxially arranged; the air outlet of the air pump 1 is connected to the conical jet port 11 through the air outlet pipe 3. The conical jet port 11 can form a high-speed airflow, and the guide cover 14 can ensure that the aerosol generated in the front can smoothly enter the first air inlet pipe 201. The height dimension of the filter material unit 24 is greater than the thickness dimension of the turntable 19, and is adapted to the distance between the outer sealing head 15 and the inner sealing head 16 mentioned above. See. Figure 8 In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the gas path has a good sealing effect and a simple sealing structure, preferably, the end of the outer sealing head 15 connected to the front protective cover 18 extends into the above-mentioned cavity, and a first O-ring is provided at this end; the end of the inner sealing head 16 connected to the rear protective cover 17 extends into the above-mentioned cavity, and a second O-ring 31 is provided at this end; by setting the distance between the first O-ring and the second O-ring 31, the first O-ring and the second O-ring 31 can be in close contact with the two ends of the filter material unit 24 respectively to perform sealing. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In order to allow the turntable unit 4 to turn relative to the air pump 1, and thus drive the deflector 14 to turn relative to the air pump 1, the second air inlet pipe 202 preferably includes an air inlet bellows 10. In order to allow the conical jet port 11 to turn relative to the air pump 1, and thus change the direction of the aerosol, the air outlet pipe 3 preferably includes an air outlet bellows 32.

[0065] See also Figure 6 The above-mentioned multiple filter material units 24 are sequentially arranged in the filter material storage tube 5, and one end of the filter material unit 24 cooperates with the filter material plug 29 to point forward; the filter material unit 24 can move toward the side of the turntable 19 under the drive of the filter material driving motor 13. Figure 5 In this embodiment, the filter material unit 24 preferably includes a filter material base 25, a filter material support net 26, a filter material 27 and a filter material clamping ring 28; the filter material base 25 is cylindrical, and an inward limiting boss is provided at its bottom; in order to allow the filter material 27 to withstand air pressure, the filter material support net 26 is embedded in the bottom of the inner cavity of the filter material base 25, and is axially positioned by the above-mentioned limiting boss; the filter material 27 is placed on the upper part of the filter material support net 26; the filter material clamping ring 28 is located on the upper part of the filter material 27, and is connected to the filter material base 25, and the filter material 27 is clamped by the filter material clamping ring 28. In order to prevent the sample from being contaminated and leaking, the filter material plug 29 is embedded in the inner cavity of the filter material clamping ring 28.

[0066] See also Figure 7The plurality of filter plugs 29 are sequentially arranged in the filter plug storage tube 7, and one end of the filter plug 29 cooperates with the filter unit 24 and points backward; the filter plug 29 can move toward the turntable 19 under the push of the plug drive motor 12. The filter recovery motor 8 can push the closed filter unit 30 to move into the filter recovery tube 6.

[0067] The aerosol sample sampling device capable of automatic sampling in this embodiment preferably further comprises a control device (not shown in the control device diagram) which controls the start and stop of the turntable drive motor 9, the filter material drive motor 13, the plug drive motor 12 and the filter material recovery motor 8.

[0068] The working process of the aerosol sample sampling device capable of automatic sampling according to this embodiment is as follows:

[0069] (1) See Figure 6 , multiple filter material units 24 are loaded into the filter material storage tube 5; see Figure 7 , load the same number of filter material plugs 29 into the filter material plug storage tube 7; see Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 Then, the filter material storage tube 5 and the filter material plug storage tube 7 are connected to the filter material unit loading hole and the filter material plugging hole on the front protective cover 18 respectively;

[0070] (2) See Figure 4 , start the filter material drive motor 13 to push the first filter material unit 24 into the first through hole 20; then start the turntable drive motor 9 to drive the turntable 19 to rotate 90° counterclockwise, stop rotating, and the first through hole 20 brings the first filter material unit 24 to the online filter hole position; at this time, start the air pump 1, and the aerosol blown by the conical jet port 11 passes through the guide cover 14 and the first air inlet pipe 201 and is filtered onto the filter material 27 in the first filter material unit 24. After the predetermined time is reached, turn off the air pump 1; then start the filter material drive motor 13 pushes the second filter material unit 24 into the fourth through hole 23; then starts the turntable drive motor 9, drives the turntable 19 to rotate 90° counterclockwise again, stops rotating, and the first through hole 20 brings the first filter material unit 24 to the filter material blocking hole position, while the fourth through hole 23 brings the second filter material unit 24 to the online filter hole position to standby; at this time, starts the plug drive motor 12 to push the first filter material plug 29 to plug the first filter material unit 24 that has filtered the sample, forming a first closed filter material unit 30;

[0071] (3) The air pump 1 is started again, and the aerosol blown up by the conical air jet 11 is filtered onto the filter material 27 in the second filter material unit 24 through the guide cover 14 and the first air inlet pipe 201. After the predetermined time is reached, the air pump 1 is turned off; then the filter material driving motor 13 is started to push the third filter material unit 24 into the third through hole 22; then the turntable driving motor 9 is started to drive the turntable 19 to rotate 90° counterclockwise again, and then the rotation is stopped. The first through hole 20 brings the first closed filter material unit 30 to the filter material unloading hole position, the fourth through hole 23 brings the second filter material unit 24 to the filter material blocking hole position, and the third through hole 22 brings the third filter material unit 24 to the online filtering hole position to standby; at this time, the plug driving motor 12 is started to push the second filter material plug 29 to plug the second filter material unit 24 that has filtered the sample, thereby forming a second closed filter material unit 30; at the same time, the filter material recovery motor 8 is started to push the first closed filter material unit 30 into the filter material recovery pipe 6.

[0072] (4) By following the above process cycle, the loading, filtering, blocking and unloading processes of the filter material can be continuously realized, and automated operation can be achieved through programming.

Claims

1. An aerosol sample sampling device capable of realizing automatic sampling, characterized in that: It comprises a filter material loading and unloading unit, a gas circuit unit, a plurality of filter material units (24) and a plurality of filter material plugs (29); The filter material loading and unloading unit comprises a turntable unit (4), a filter material storage tube (5), a filter material plug storage tube (7), a filter material recovery tube (6), a filter material drive motor (13), a plug drive motor (12) and a filter material recovery motor (8); The turntable unit (4) comprises a rear protective cover (17), a front protective cover (18), a turntable (19) and a turntable drive motor (9); the front protective cover (18) and the rear protective cover (17) are fixedly connected to form a cavity; the turntable (19) is arranged in the cavity; the rear end face of the rear protective cover (17), the disk surface of the turntable (19) and the front end face of the front protective cover (18) are parallel; after the filter material unit (24) is blocked by the filter material plug (29), the combined component formed is a closed filter material unit (30); the size of the cavity along the front-to-back direction is adapted to the height size of the closed filter material unit (30); the turntable drive motor (9) is mounted on the rear protective cover (17), and its output shaft vertically passes through the rear end face of the rear protective cover (17) and is connected to the turntable (19); Four through holes (20, 21, 22, 23) of equal size are vertically arranged on the disk surface of the turntable (19), and the four through holes (20, 21, 22, 23) are evenly arranged along the circumference with the output shaft of the turntable drive motor (9) as the center; the radial dimensions of the four through holes (20, 21, 22, 23) are compatible with the radial dimensions of the closed filter material unit (30); On the front end surface of the front protective cover (18), there are vertically arranged filter material unit loading holes, online filtering holes, filter material blocking holes and filter material unloading holes, which are coaxially corresponding to the four through holes (20, 21, 22, 23) and arranged in sequence in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction; The filter material storage tube (5), the filter material plug storage tube (7) and the filter material recovery tube (6) are all arranged on the front side of the turntable unit (4), and are respectively coaxially arranged with the filter material unit loading hole, the filter material plugging hole and the filter material unloading hole, and are all fixedly connected to the front protective cover (18); The filter material drive motor (13) and the plug drive motor (12) are respectively arranged in the inner cavity of the filter material storage tube (5) and the filter material plug storage tube (7) or at one end thereof away from the turntable unit (4); The filter material recovery motor (8) is mounted on the rear protective cover (17), and its output shaft vertically passes through the rear end surface of the rear protective cover (17), points to the filter material unloading hole and is coaxial with it; The gas circuit unit comprises a flow guide cover (14), a first air inlet pipe (201), an outer sealing head (15), an inner sealing head (16), a second air inlet pipe (202), an air pump (1), an air outlet pipe (3) and a conical air jet (11); The front end of the first air inlet pipe (201) is connected to the air guide cover (14), and the rear end is connected to the front protective cover (18) through the outer sealing head (15), and is coaxial with the online filter hole; the front end of the second air inlet pipe (202) is connected to the rear protective cover (17) through the inner sealing head (16), and the rear end is connected to the air inlet of the air pump (1); the inner sealing head (16) and the outer sealing head (15) are coaxially arranged; the air outlet of the air pump (1) is connected to the conical air jet (11) through the air outlet pipe (3); The plurality of filter material units (24) are sequentially arranged in the filter material storage tube (5), and one end of the filter material unit (24) cooperates with the filter material plug (29) to point forward; the filter material unit (24) can move toward one side of the rotating disk (19) under the driving force of the filter material driving motor (13); The height dimension of the filter material unit (24) is greater than the thickness dimension of the rotating disk (19), and is adapted to the distance between the outer sealing head (15) and the inner sealing head (16); The plurality of filter material plugs (29) are sequentially arranged in the filter material plug storage tube (7), and one end of the filter material plug (29) cooperates with the filter material unit (24) and points backward; the filter material plug (29) can move toward one side of the rotating disk (19) under the driving of the plug driving motor (12); The filter material recovery motor (8) can push the closed filter material unit (30) to move into the filter material recovery pipe (6).

2. The aerosol sample sampling device capable of realizing automatic sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter material unit (24) comprises a filter material base (25), a filter material support net (26), a filter material (27) and a filter material pressing ring (28); The filter material base (25) is cylindrical, and an inward limiting boss is provided at the bottom thereof; The filter material support net (26) is embedded in the bottom of the inner cavity of the filter material base (25) and is axially positioned by the limiting boss; The filter material (27) is placed on the upper part of the filter material support net (26); The filter material pressing ring (28) is located on the upper part of the filter material (27) and is connected to the filter material base (25), and the filter material (27) is pressed by the filter material pressing ring (28); The filter material plug (29) is embedded in the inner cavity of the filter material pressing ring (28).

3. The aerosol sample sampling device capable of automatic sampling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: One end of the outer sealing head (15) connected to the front protective cover (18) extends into the cavity, and a first O-type sealing ring is provided at the end; One end of the inner sealing head (16) connected to the rear protective cover (17) extends into the cavity, and a second O-type sealing ring (31) is provided at the end; By setting the distance between the first O-type sealing ring and the second O-type sealing ring (31), the first O-type sealing ring and the second O-type sealing ring (31) can respectively come into close contact with both ends of the filter material unit (24) to perform sealing.

4. The aerosol sample sampling device capable of realizing automatic sampling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second air intake pipe (202) includes an air intake bellows (10).

5. The aerosol sample sampling device capable of realizing automatic sampling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air outlet pipe (3) comprises an air outlet bellows (32).

6. The aerosol sample sampling device capable of realizing automatic sampling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rear protective cover (17) is in the shape of a circular plate; The front protective cover (18) is barrel-shaped; The turntable drive motor (9) is installed at the center of the rear end surface of the rear protective cover (17).

7. The aerosol sample sampling device capable of automatic sampling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Also includes a control device; The control device controls the start and stop of the turntable drive motor (9), the filter material drive motor (13), the plug drive motor (12) and the filter material recovery motor (8).

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