A structure for greening the slope of a spoil dump

Abstract

The invention discloses a structure for covering the slope of a soil dump with green, comprising a slope, a water diversion ditch, a water retaining plate, a water cut-off plate and a water dividing plate. Multiple rows of water cut-off plates are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the slope surface, and water diversion ditch is arranged on both sides of the slope. Both ends of all water cut-off plates extend to the water diversion ditch on both sides of the slope along the contour line and separate the slope from top to bottom. Both ends of all water cut-off plates are arranged with water retaining plates. The water cut-off plate and the water retaining plates at both ends form a water storage trough with the surface of the slope. Multiple water dividing plates are arranged in all water storage troughs. Multiple water dividing plates in the water storage trough divide the water storage trough into multiple water dividing grids, and plants are planted in the water dividing grids. The upper edge of the water cut-off plate is above the water retaining plates at both ends, and the upper edge of the water divider plate in the water storage trough surrounded by the water cut-off plate and the water retaining plates at both ends is below the upper edge of the water retaining plates on both sides. The structure for covering the slope of a soil dump with green provided by the invention can preserve soil and store water, prevent seeds from sliding down, have good ecological restoration effect, and be beneficial to environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of ecological restoration of spoil dumps, and in particular to a structure for greening the slopes of spoil dumps. Background Art

[0002] A spoil dump, also known as a waste rock dump, is a place where mining waste is concentrated and discharged. The waste in a spoil dump generally includes humus topsoil, weathered rock and soil, hard rock, and mixed rock and soil, and sometimes also includes potentially recyclable off-surface ores and lean ores.

[0003] The spoil dump is a loose pile with serious safety problems. The instability of the spoil dump will lead to mine disasters and major engineering accidents, which will not only affect the normal production of the mine, but also cause the mine to suffer huge economic losses.

[0004] Covering the topsoil in the spoil dump is a relatively scientific, economical and commonly used greening method. After greening, the spoil dump can be stabilized, safety accidents caused by instability can be avoided, and water and soil resources can be utilized. The existing greening methods used for spoil dumps are relatively simple, often planting trees and grass after covering the soil. In the structure and construction of the earth and rock pile, no reasonable soil conservation and water storage measures are taken. It takes a certain amount of time for the plants planted after covering the soil to grow. Before the plants planted have fully exerted their soil and water conservation effects, when encountering the rainy season, the existing greening methods mainly have the following problems:

[0005] First, rainwater erosion will cause a large amount of soil nutrients and water to be lost in the dump, and the soil after the loss of nutrients and water cannot sustain the growth needs of the planted plants;

[0006] Second, due to rain erosion, a large amount of rainwater will flow down the slope to form gullies. The density of erosion gullies will increase with rainfall, and the length and depth of erosion gullies will also increase. The amount of soil and water loss will also increase with the increase in the number, length and depth of erosion gullies. The forest and grass coverage rate will decrease year by year, which is more likely to cause the spoil dump to become unstable and cause serious soil and water loss.

[0007] Third, the soil washed down by rainwater will flow down from the foot of the slope to the ground outside the spoil dump and accumulate on the ground, causing the slope to expand, increasing the area of ​​the spoil dump and causing further damage to the surrounding environment;

[0008] Fourth, the plants have not taken root or have weak roots. Due to water erosion, the topsoil and seeds are easily washed down the slope, resulting in uneven greening of the slopes of the spoil dump. There are many seeds and thick topsoil accumulation down the slope, resulting in a large coverage after greening. The topsoil on the slope is thin and poor, with few seeds and more alopecia after greening. Summary of the invention

[0009] The present invention aims to provide a structure for covering the slope of a spoil dump with green, which can conserve soil and store water, prevent seeds from sliding down, has good ecological restoration effect, and is beneficial to environmental protection and the prevention and control of soil and water loss.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0011] The structure for covering the slope of a soil dump disclosed in the present invention with green material comprises a slope, a water diversion ditch, a water retaining plate, a water cut-off plate and a water dividing plate. A plurality of rows of the water cut-off plates are arranged above and below the surface of the slope. The water diversion ditch is arranged on both sides of the slope. Both ends of all the water cut-off plates extend along the contour line to the water diversion ditch on both sides of the slope and separate the slope up and down. Both ends of all the water cut-off plates are arranged with the water retaining plates. The water cut-off plates and the water retaining plates at both ends form a water storage trough with the surface of the slope. A plurality of water dividing plates are arranged in all the water storage troughs. The plurality of water dividing plates in the water storage trough divides the water storage trough into a plurality of water dividing grids. Plants are planted in the water dividing grids. The upper edge of the water cut-off plate is above the water retaining plates at both ends. The upper edge of the water divider plate in the water storage trough surrounded by the water cut-off plate and the water retaining plates at both ends is below the upper edge of the water retaining plates on both sides.

[0012] Each of the water diversion grids is connected through the space between the upper edge of the water retaining plate and the upper edge of each of the water diversion boards. After the water in all of the water diversion grids is higher than the upper edge of the water diversion board, the excess water in the water storage tank flows into the water guide ditch from the upper edge of the water retaining plate.

[0013] The water interception plate is used to intercept rainwater in the water storage tank;

[0014] The water distribution plate is used to evenly distribute the water in the water storage tank;

[0015] The water guide ditch is used to drain the excess water overflowing from the upper edge of the water retaining plate to the foot of the slope.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: plants are planted in the water-dividing grids. Before the plants fully grow and play a role in soil and water conservation, the water-cutting plates can intercept the water flowing down from above them in the water storage tank for the growth needs of the plants, thereby avoiding the loss of water and nutrients. The water-cutting plates separate the upper and lower slopes, and the water flow above the water-cutting plates cannot pass through the water-cutting plates, thereby avoiding the water flow above the water-cutting plates from scouring the slope below them, thereby avoiding the formation and expansion of erosion gullies; the plants are confined in the water-dividing grids and will not move due to weak roots. The plants are evenly covered after being greened, thereby avoiding the formation of alopecia areata; the water-dividing plates divide the water storage tank into a plurality of water-dividing grids, thereby avoiding the water in the water storage tank from gathering in a low place. The water in the water storage tank is evenly distributed, thereby avoiding the water flow gathering and causing the water-cutting plates to collapse. The upper edge of the water-dividing plates is below the water-retaining plates on both sides. When a certain water-dividing grid is formed, the water-dividing plates are evenly distributed, thereby avoiding the water flow gathering and causing the water-cutting plates to collapse. When the water in the water grid overflows, it can flow into other adjacent water diversion grids, which can avoid the situation where the water in a certain water diversion grid flows away directly after being filled, while the water in other water diversion grids is less, which can reduce water loss and is conducive to uniform water distribution and full utilization of water. Only when the water levels in all water diversion grids are higher than the upper edge of the water diversion board can the water flow evenly from the upper edge of the water retaining board into the water diversion ditch on both sides to discharge the excess water. The upper edge of the water retaining board is higher than the upper edge of the water diversion board and lower than the upper edge of the water intercepting board, which can avoid the excess water from overflowing from the upper edge of the water intercepting board and scouring the slope surface. The water in the water storage tank can only be gradually filled with all the water diversion grids, and then discharged from the upper edge of the water retaining board at both ends of the water intercepting board into the water diversion ditch, which can conserve soil and store water on the slope, prevent seeds from sliding down, have a good ecological restoration effect, and be beneficial to environmental protection.

[0017] Furthermore, the water cut-off plate, the water retaining plate and the water diversion plate are all made of biological materials.

[0018] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the water cut-off boards, water retaining boards and water diversion boards are made of biological materials. After a period of time, the water cut-off boards, water retaining boards and water diversion boards rot, and the rotten water cut-off boards, water retaining boards and water diversion boards are degraded into the slope covering layer, improving the soil and promoting plant growth.

[0019] Furthermore, the water cut-off plate is a rectangular plate, the water dividing plate and the water retaining plate are both right-angled triangular plates, the water cut-off plate, the water dividing plate and the water retaining plate are all perpendicular to the slope, the hypotenuses of the water dividing plate and the water retaining plate are both horizontal, and the right-angled sides of the water dividing plate and the water retaining plate are fixedly connected to the slope and the water cut-off plate respectively.

[0020] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are: it is easy to set up, and the water diversion grid and water storage tank surrounded by the water cut-off plate, water diversion plate and water retaining plate have good water storage, water diversion and drainage effects.

[0021] Furthermore, the slope surface has a covering soil layer, the bottoms of the water cut-off plate, the water diversion plate and the water retaining plate are all fixed in the covering soil layer, and the plants are planted in the covering soil layer.

[0022] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that it is convenient to fix the water cut-off plate, the water dividing plate and the water retaining plate and to plant plants.

[0023] Furthermore, the surface of the water cut-off plate facing the top of the slope is rough.

[0024] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the displacement of plant seeds in the water grid can be reduced.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes a drainage ditch, which is arranged at the foot of the slope, and the lower end of the water guide ditch is connected to the drainage ditch.

[0026] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is to prevent the water flow diverted by the diversion ditch from scouring the foot of the slope, causing soil erosion at the foot of the slope. Soil erosion at the foot of the slope will cause the area of ​​the spoil dump to become larger, the spoil dump pile to become unstable, and easily cause accidents.

[0027] Furthermore, it also includes a retaining fence, which is arranged at the foot of the slope and is used to retain soil and rocks on the slope within the retaining fence.

[0028] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are: preventing soil and rocks from scattering outside the retaining fence during the stacking process or under the erosion of rainwater, which is beneficial to the protection of the environment outside the retaining fence, avoiding the expansion of the slope to expand the spoil dump area, and making the slope foot more stable; in addition, it can slow down the convergence flow rate left by rainwater erosion, which is beneficial to the absorption of rainwater by the slope.

[0029] Furthermore, the retaining enclosure is a gabion.

[0030] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that the gabions block earth and rocks but not water, which can prevent water from destroying the retaining fence and has a good effect in intercepting earth and rocks. After being leached by rainwater, the fine particles in the earth and rocks will fill the gaps in the gabions, which will have a better filtering effect. At the same time, the gabions are conducive to the later recovery of vegetation. After sowing grass seeds in the gabion area, after a period of natural recovery, the gabion area will be covered with green, which will have a landscape coordination effect.

[0031] Furthermore, the cross-section of the water guide ditch is an isosceles trapezoid, and the long base of the isosceles trapezoid faces upward.

[0032] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the excess water overflowing from the upper edge of the water retaining plate is easily gathered in the water guide ditch, and then guided to the foot of the slope by the water guide ditch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a slope surface according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a slope cross section of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a water channel;

[0036] In the figure: 1, water cut-off plate; 2, water retaining plate; 3, water dividing plate; 4, water diversion ditch; 5, water dividing grid; 6, plants; 7, earth retaining fence; 71, piled inlet and outlet; 8, drainage ditch; 81, cover plate; 9, slope; 91, overburden layer; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the structure for covering the slope 9 of a soil dump disclosed in the present invention with green material comprises a slope 9, a water diversion ditch 4, a water retaining plate 2, a water cut-off plate 1 and a water dividing plate 3. Multiple rows of water cut-off plates 1 are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the slope 9. Water diversion ditch 4 is arranged on both sides of the slope 9. Both ends of all the water cut-off plates 1 extend along the contour lines to the water diversion ditch 4 on both sides of the slope 9 and separate the slope 9 from top to bottom. Both ends of all the water cut-off plates 1 are arranged with water retaining plates 2. The water cut-off plates 1 and the water retaining plates 2 at both ends form a water storage trough with the surface of the slope 9. Multiple water dividing plates 3 are arranged in all the water storage troughs. The multiple water dividing plates 3 in the water storage trough divide the water storage trough into multiple water dividing grids 5. Plants 6 are planted in the water dividing grids 5. The upper edges of the water cut-off plates 1 are above the water retaining plates 2 at both ends thereof, and the upper edges of the water dividing plates 3 in the water storage trough surrounded by the water cut-off plates 1 and the water retaining plates 2 at both ends thereof are below the upper edges of the water retaining plates 2 at both sides thereof.

[0039] Each water-dividing grid 5 is connected through the space between the upper edge of the water-blocking plate 2 and the upper edge of each water-dividing plate 3. When the water level in all water-dividing grids 5 is higher than the upper edge of the water-dividing plate 3, the excess water in the water storage tank flows into the water diversion ditch 4 from the upper edge of the water-blocking plate 2.

[0040] The water interception plate 1 is used to intercept rainwater in the water storage tank;

[0041] The water distribution plate 3 is used to evenly distribute the water in the water storage tank;

[0042] The water guide ditch 4 is used to drain the excess water overflowing from the upper edge of the water retaining plate 2 to the foot of the slope.

[0043] As a further solution of the above embodiment, the water cut-off plate 1, the water retaining plate 2 and the water diversion plate 3 are all made of biological materials, and the water cut-off plate 1, the water retaining plate 2 and the water diversion plate 3 can be compressed from materials such as Salix psammophila, Caragana korshinskii, sunflower stalks or leaves, preferably from straw. After a growing season, when the plants 6 planted in the water diversion grid 5 are firmly rooted, the water cut-off plate 1, the water retaining plate 2 and the water diversion plate 3 made of biological materials gradually decompose, degrade and improve the soil, and further promote the growth of the plants 6.

[0044] Specifically, the water cutoff plate 1 is a rectangular plate, the water dividing plate 3 and the water retaining plate 2 are both right-angled triangular plates, the water cutoff plate 1, the water dividing plate 3 and the water retaining plate 2 are all perpendicular to the slope, the hypotenuses of the water dividing plate 3 and the water retaining plate 2 are both horizontal, and the right-angled sides of the water dividing plate 3 and the water retaining plate 2 are fixedly connected to the slope 9 and the water cutoff plate 1 respectively.

[0045] As a further solution of the above embodiment, the surface of the slope 9 has a covering layer 91 , the bottoms of the water cut-off plate 1 , the water diversion plate 3 and the water retaining plate 2 are all fixed in the covering layer 91 , and the plants 6 are planted in the covering layer 91 .

[0046] As a further solution of the above embodiment, the surface of the water cut-off plate 1 facing the top of the slope is rough.

[0047] As a further solution of the above embodiment, a retaining fence 7 is further included, which is arranged at the foot of the slope 9 and is used to block the soil and rocks on the slope 9 in the retaining fence 7. Preferably, the retaining fence 7 is a gabion. The retaining fence 7 is constructed before the dumping site is piled up, and the retaining fence 7 after the construction is completed has a pile-up entrance 71. The soil is discharged into the retaining fence 7 through the pile-up entrance 71 to form the dumping site, and the range of the dumping site can be limited to the retaining fence 7 to prevent it from expanding.

[0048] As a further solution of the above embodiment, it also includes a drainage ditch 8, which is arranged at the foot of the slope 9. The lower end of the water guide ditch 4 is connected to the drainage ditch 8. The drainage ditch 8 is used to drain the remaining water flowing out of the water guide ditch 4. The drainage ditch 8 is outside the retaining enclosure 7, at the stacking inlet and outlet 71 of the retaining enclosure 7. A cover plate 81 connecting the two sides of the drainage ditch 8 is arranged above the drainage ditch 8. The cover plate 81 seals the opening above the drainage ditch 8 at the stacking inlet and outlet 71, and supports the earth discharge equipment and engineering equipment entering and exiting the stacking inlet and outlet 71.

[0049] As a further solution of the above embodiment, the cross-sections of the water guide ditch 4 and the drainage ditch 8 are both isosceles trapezoids, and the long base of the isosceles trapezoid faces upward.

[0050] Plants 6 such as Caragana korshinskii can be planted in the water-dividing grid 5 . In addition to the plants 6 planted in the water-dividing grid 5 , grass seeds can also be spread on the retaining wall 7 and the slope 9 .

[0051] Of course, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, technicians familiar with the field may make various corresponding changes and deformations based on the present invention, but these corresponding changes and deformations should all fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A structure for greening the slope of a spoil dump (9), characterized in that: The invention comprises a side slope (9), a water diversion ditch (4), a water retaining plate (2), a water cut-off plate (1) and a water dividing plate (3), wherein a plurality of rows of the water cut-off plates (1) are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the side slope (9), the water diversion ditch (4) is arranged on both sides of the side slope (9), both ends of all the water cut-off plates (1) extend along the contour line to the water diversion ditch (4) on both sides of the side slope (9) and separate the side slope (9) from top to bottom, both ends of all the water cut-off plates (1) are arranged with the water retaining plates (2), the water cut-off plates (1) and the water retaining plates (2) at both ends thereof are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the side slope (9), and the water cut-off plates (1) and the water retaining plates (4) at both ends thereof are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the side slope (9). 2) forming a water storage trough with the surface of the slope (9), wherein a plurality of water dividing plates (3) are arranged in all the water storage troughs, and the plurality of water dividing plates (3) in the water storage troughs divide the water storage troughs into a plurality of water dividing grids (5), wherein plants (6) are planted in the water dividing grids (5), and the upper edge of the water cut-off plate (1) is above the water retaining plates (2) at both ends thereof, and the upper edge of the water dividing plates (3) in the water storage troughs surrounded by the water cut-off plate (1) and the water retaining plates (2) at both ends thereof is below the upper edge of the water retaining plates (2) at both sides thereof; Each of the water diversion grids (5) is connected through the space between the upper edge of the water retaining plate (2) and the upper edge of each of the water diversion plates (3). After the water level in all of the water diversion grids (5) is higher than the upper edge of the water diversion plate (3), the excess water in the water storage tank flows from the upper edge of the water retaining plate (2) into the water guide ditch (4); The water interception plate (1) is used to intercept rainwater in the water storage tank; The water distribution plate (3) is used to evenly distribute the water in the water storage tank; The water guide ditch (4) is used to drain the excess water overflowing from the upper edge of the water retaining plate (2) to the foot of the slope; The water cut-off plate (1), the water retaining plate (2) and the water diversion plate (3) are all made of biological materials; The water cut-off plate (1) is a rectangular plate, the water dividing plate (3) and the water retaining plate (2) are both right-angled triangular plates, the water cut-off plate (1), the water dividing plate (3) and the water retaining plate (2) are all perpendicular to the slope surface of the side slope (9), the hypotenuses of the water dividing plate (3) and the water retaining plate (2) are both horizontal, and the right-angled sides of the water dividing plate (3) and the water retaining plate (2) are respectively fixedly connected to the side slope (9) and the water cut-off plate (1).

2. The structure for greening the spoil dump slope (9) according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The surface of the side slope (9) has a soil covering layer (91), the bottoms of the water cut-off plate (1), the water diversion plate (3) and the water retaining plate (2) are all fixed in the soil covering layer (91), and the plants (6) are planted in the soil covering layer (91).

3. The structure for greening the spoil dump slope (9) according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The surface of the water cut-off plate (1) facing the top of the slope is rough.

4. The structure for greening the slope of a spoil dump (9) according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also comprises a drainage ditch (8), which is arranged at the foot of the slope (9), and the lower end of the water guide ditch (4) is connected to the drainage ditch (8).

5. The structure for greening the slope of a spoil dump (9) according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also comprises a retaining fence (7), which is arranged at the foot of the slope (9), and is used to retain soil and rocks on the slope (9) within the retaining fence (7).

6. The structure for greening the spoil dump slope (9) according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The retaining enclosure (7) is a gabion.

7. The structure for greening the spoil dump slope (9) according to claim 1 is characterized by: The cross section of the water guide ditch (4) is an isosceles trapezoid, and the long base of the isosceles trapezoid faces upwards.

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