A self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger and heat pump module unit

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger and a heat pump module unit. The evaporative cooling heat exchanger comprises a plurality of heat exchange plates; the heat exchange plates comprise heat exchange units; the heat exchange units are plate-shaped and continuous and present an undulating shape; the heat exchange units comprise cooling pipes and water distribution troughs; water distribution microporous plates are arranged on both sides of the water distribution troughs; the water distribution microporous plates are connected to the pipe walls of cooling pipes and condensing pipes; the outer side of the evaporative heat exchange surface is also connected to an anti-flying water net, which is laid on the surface of the evaporative heat exchange plate and connected to each horizontal section of the condensing pipe, and the top and bottom ends of the anti-flying water net are connected to the corresponding uppermost and lowermost horizontal sections of the condensing pipe. The heat pump module unit comprises the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger. The self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger and the heat pump module unit of the invention have high heat exchange efficiency, save water, and are easy to maintain; they can not only cool but also heat; they are small in size and high in stability; they are easy to construct; they have low noise and reduce the use cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of heat pump units, and in particular to a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger and a heat pump module unit. Background Art

[0002] Since water-cooled chillers have a significant energy-saving effect compared to air-cooled chillers, they are the first choice in the field of refrigeration and air conditioning and have a high market share. However, water-cooled chillers generally use screw compressors or centrifugal compressors, and the refrigeration capacity of a single unit ranges from hundreds of kilowatts to thousands of kilowatts. Therefore, the unit has high power and large size, which is not convenient for transportation, installation, and maintenance. The biggest drawback is that it cannot achieve the heating function.

[0003] Although water-cooled chillers have certain advantages over air-cooled chillers, they still have the following defects:

[0004] 1. Water-cooled chillers require a specific machine room, and the installation area of ​​the main machine ranges from hundreds of square meters to thousands of square meters, resulting in a waste of the effective utilization area of ​​the main building. In today's world where land resources are tight and real estate regulation is becoming increasingly stringent, it is of great significance to reduce the area of ​​land used and improve the utilization rate of buildings; in engineering practice, some newly built and renovated buildings cannot install refrigeration main machines indoors due to indoor space limitations due to various reasons. However, the alternative of using air-cooled water chillers will greatly increase the operating costs of air conditioners.

[0005] 2. The cooling tower in the water-cooled chiller is separated from the refrigeration main unit, which causes the cooling circulation pipe network to be too long, resulting in increased construction volume and construction costs. The machine room of the water-cooled chiller is generally located in the underground part of the main building, while the cooling tower is located on the roof of the main building. The distance between the refrigeration main unit and the cooling tower in the machine room ranges from tens of meters to hundreds of meters. The large-diameter cooling water supply and return network is difficult to construct and requires a high level of professionalism, which makes the overall cost of the air-conditioning project high.

[0006] 3. The cooling circulation pump in the water-cooled chiller consumes high power. Due to the large height difference between the refrigeration main unit and the cooling tower, the head of the cooling circulation pump increases under a fixed flow rate, the power of the cooling circulation pump increases, and the energy consumption increases accordingly. In addition, the existing water-cooled chillers mostly use shell and tube heat exchangers. Due to the short shell path, a fast flow rate is required, which results in a large pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the fluid, greatly increasing the fluid resistance in the shell, which increases the power of the cooling circulation pump and the energy consumption.

[0007] 4. Water-cooled chillers generally use high-power screw compressors (single unit power consumption is more than 100KW) or centrifugal compressors (single unit power consumption is more than 200KW-1000KW). The weight of the unit ranges from one or two tons to several tons, which makes the water-cooled chillers difficult to transport and install.

[0008] 5. The stability of water-cooled chillers is poor. Due to the high price of large water-cooled chillers, dual-head compressors are used to improve operational stability, which leads to safety hazards in the entire refrigeration operation. When the refrigeration main unit fails, there is no machine available, affecting the use.

[0009] 6. Water-cooled chillers are difficult to maintain and are expensive to repair.

[0010] 7. Traditional water-cooled chillers all use shell and tube heat exchangers. The inter-wall heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling medium (water) is carried out in a closed shell and tube. The cooling water absorbs the condensation heat of the refrigerant in the form of sensible heat, and the heat exchange efficiency is not high.

[0011] 8. The cooling tower of the water-cooled chiller has serious water splashing, resulting in a waste of water resources. When the cooling water passes through the water distributor and convects with the countercurrent air during the downward spraying process, serious water splashing will occur. The drifting water droplets are discharged into the atmosphere with the fan, resulting in a reactive waste of cooling water.

[0012] 9. Water-cooled chillers cause serious noise pollution. Since the refrigeration main unit uses a high-power screw or centrifugal compressor, mechanical friction and vibration will occur when the unit is running, resulting in serious noise pollution in the indoor refrigeration room; in addition, the fan and cooling spray in the outdoor cooling tower will also cause noise pollution; and reducing these noise pollution requires additional construction investment.

[0013] 10. Water-cooled chillers do not have heating functions. Traditional water-cooled chillers use water as a cooling medium to cool the refrigerant steam. The heated cooling water transfers heat to the ambient air through a cooling tower installed outdoors; its cooling heat transfer process is: refrigerant → water → air. When heating, the heat transfer process is the opposite: refrigerant ← water ← air. Since the heating operation is carried out in winter, it is obvious that when the cooling water is below "0℃", the cooling tower will not be able to achieve reverse heat transfer.

[0014] Based on the above shortcomings, how to develop a small modular unit with small size, light weight, high cooling efficiency, water saving, low noise, easy transportation and installation and heating function has become the focus of research and development of the current technical field staff. Summary of the invention

[0015] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a self-spraying water curtain evaporative heat exchanger and a heat pump module unit. The evaporative heat exchanger used has high heat exchange efficiency, saves water, and is easy to maintain; the heat pump module unit can not only cool but also heat; it has a small size and high stability; it is easy to construct; it has low noise and reduces the cost of use.

[0016] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger, including a plurality of heat exchange plates; the plurality of heat exchange plates are arranged at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the evaporative heat exchange surface; each heat exchange plate includes at least one heat exchange unit; the heat exchange unit is a plate-like structure formed by a plurality of horizontal sections of condensing tubes arranged vertically, the two ends of the plurality of horizontal sections of condensing tubes are connected by a condensing tube bending section to form at least one refrigerant condensation channel, the two sides of the plate-like structure constitute the evaporative heat exchange surface, and there is no gap connection between two adjacent horizontal sections of condensing tubes, so that the evaporative heat exchange surface has continuity and is undulating; a cooling tube is also arranged above the uppermost horizontal section of the condensing tube; a water distribution trough is also arranged between the cooling tube and the uppermost horizontal section of the condensing tube; and two sides of the water distribution trough are provided There is a water distribution microporous plate; the upper end of the water distribution microporous plate is connected to the tube wall of the cooling pipe, and the lower end is connected to the tube wall of the uppermost horizontal section of the condensing pipe, so that the water distribution trough is fixed between the cooling pipe and the heat exchange unit in an embedded manner to form an integrated structure; the cooling pipe is provided with multiple rows of water outlet holes connected to the water distribution trough for uniformly injecting water into the water distribution trough; the water distribution trough is used to evenly distribute the water injected by the cooling pipe to the evaporative heat exchange plate surface through the water distribution microporous plate to form a water curtain; the outer side of the evaporative heat exchange surface is also connected to a water-flying prevention net, which is laid on the surface of the evaporative heat exchange plate and connected to each horizontal section of the condensing pipe, the top of the water-flying prevention net is connected to the tube wall of the uppermost horizontal section of the condensing pipe, and the bottom end is connected to the tube wall of the lowermost horizontal section of the condensing pipe, so that the water distribution microporous plate and the water-flying prevention net constitute a complete plate surface.

[0017] Furthermore, the heat exchange plate includes a plurality of the heat exchange units; the plurality of heat exchange units are arranged vertically, and two adjacent heat exchange units are connected via a bent section of a condenser pipe, so that their respective refrigerant condensation channels are correspondingly connected.

[0018] Furthermore, the top of the cooling tube in the lower heat exchange unit of the two adjacent heat exchange units is connected to the bottom of the horizontal section of the condensing tube at the lowermost side of the heat exchange unit at the upper side.

[0019] Furthermore, the bottom end of the anti-flying water net of each heat exchange unit is replaced by being connected to the pipe wall of the cooling pipe of the adjacent heat exchange unit located at the lower side.

[0020] Furthermore, in two adjacent heat exchange units, the number of horizontal sections of the condenser tubes in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side is smaller than the number of horizontal sections of the condenser tubes in the heat exchange unit located on the upper side, so as to make the heat exchange area of ​​the evaporation heat exchange surface of multiple heat exchange units decrease from top to bottom; the number of water outlet holes of the cooling tube in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side is smaller than the number of water outlet holes of the cooling tube located on the upper side (the spacing between the water outlet holes along the length direction of the cooling tube is increased), so as to meet the water distribution requirements of the evaporation heat exchange surface of the corresponding heat exchange area.

[0021] Furthermore, the connection method of the cooling pipe, water distribution trough and water distribution microporous plate between two adjacent heat exchange units is replaced as follows: a water distribution trough is arranged above the cooling pipe, and water distribution microporous plates are arranged on both sides of the water distribution trough, the lower end of the water distribution microporous plate is connected to the tube wall of the cooling pipe, and the upper end is connected to the tube wall of the lowest horizontal section of the condenser tube of the heat exchange unit located on the upper side; the bottom of the cooling pipe is connected to the top of the uppermost horizontal section of the condenser tube in the heat exchange unit to which it belongs; accordingly, in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side, the top end of the anti-flying water net is replaced by being connected to the tube wall of the cooling pipe of the heat exchange unit to which it belongs, and the bottom end is replaced by being connected to the tube wall of the lowest horizontal section of the condenser tube of the heat exchange unit to which it belongs.

[0022] A self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit includes the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat exchanger, wherein the top of the refrigerant condensation channel of each heat exchange plate in the evaporative cooling and heat exchanger is provided with a refrigerant steam inlet and the bottom is provided with a refrigerant liquid outlet; one end of the cooling tube of the heat exchange plate is provided with a cooling water inlet; the refrigerant steam inlets of multiple heat exchange plates are connected to a refrigerant steam collecting pipe, the refrigerant liquid outlets of multiple heat exchange plates are connected to a refrigerant liquid collecting pipe, and the cooling water inlets of the cooling tubes of multiple heat exchange plates are connected to a cooling collecting pipe; the refrigerant steam collecting pipe is also connected to a first refrigerant steam main pipe, the refrigerant liquid collecting pipe is also connected to a first refrigerant liquid main pipe, and the cooling collecting pipe is also connected to a cooling main pipe.

[0023] Furthermore, the heat pump module unit also includes an air-cooled heat exchanger and a refrigerant operating assembly; the evaporative heat exchanger and the air-cooled heat exchanger are connected in parallel to the refrigerant operating assembly; the refrigerant operating assembly is used to operate the refrigerant to exchange heat in the evaporative heat exchanger or the air-cooled heat exchanger; the air-cooled heat exchanger is connected to a second refrigerant steam main pipe and a second refrigerant liquid main pipe; the first refrigerant steam main pipe is connected in parallel to the second refrigerant steam main pipe and is connected to the refrigerant operating assembly, and the first refrigerant liquid main pipe is connected in parallel to the second refrigerant liquid main pipe and is connected to the refrigerant operating assembly; the first refrigerant steam main pipe is provided with a first solenoid valve, and the second refrigerant steam main pipe is provided with a second solenoid valve.

[0024] Furthermore, the unit also includes a water tank; a water pump is arranged in the water tank; the water outlet of the water pump is connected to the cooling main pipe, so as to send the cooling water in the water tank into the evaporative heat exchanger through the cooling main pipe.

[0025] Furthermore, the water tank is also provided with a water replenishment port; the bottom of the water tank is also connected to a sewage pipe; and the sewage pipe is provided with a sewage discharge solenoid valve.

[0026] Furthermore, a cooling filler layer is provided between the evaporative heat exchanger and the water tank, for cooling the unevaporated water dripping from the evaporative heat exchanger and discharging it into the water tank.

[0027] Furthermore, the refrigerant operation assembly includes a compressor, a four-way valve, a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a first check valve, a liquid storage tank, a drying filter, an economizer, a first expansion valve, a second check valve, a gas-liquid separator, a third solenoid valve, a second expansion valve, a third check valve, and a fourth check valve; the unit also includes a multi-split indoor unit; the compressor has an air outlet, an air return port, and an enthalpy increase port; the four-way valve has an a end, a b end, a c end, and a d end; the economizer has an e end, an f end, a g end, and an h end, and the e end is connected to the f end inside the economizer, and the g end is connected to the h end inside the economizer; the multi-split indoor unit has a j end and a k end, and the j end and the k end are two ports of the refrigerant channel of the multi-split indoor unit.

[0028] Furthermore, the air outlet of the compressor, the a end and the b end of the four-way valve, the parallel pipeline of the first refrigerant steam main / the second refrigerant steam main, the first refrigerant steam main of the evaporative heat exchanger and the first solenoid valve and the first refrigerant liquid main, the first one-way valve, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, the h end and the g end of the economizer, the first expansion valve, the second one-way valve, the j end and the k end of the multi-split indoor unit, the d end and the c end of the four-way valve, the gas-liquid separator, and the return air port of the compressor are connected to form a first refrigeration operation channel.

[0029] Furthermore, the air outlet of the compressor, the a end and the b end of the four-way valve, the parallel pipeline of the first refrigerant steam main / the second refrigerant steam main, the second refrigerant steam main of the air-cooled heat exchanger and the second solenoid valve and the second refrigerant liquid main, the first one-way valve, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, the h end and the g end of the economizer, the first expansion valve, the second one-way valve, the j end and the k end of the multi-split indoor unit, the d end and the c end of the four-way valve, the gas-liquid separator, and the return air port of the compressor are connected in sequence to form a second refrigeration operation channel.

[0030] Furthermore, the air outlet of the compressor, the a end and the d end of the four-way valve, the k end and the j end of the multi-split indoor unit, the third one-way valve, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, the h end and the g end of the economizer, the first expansion valve, the fourth one-way valve, the first refrigerant liquid main / the second refrigerant liquid main parallel pipeline, the first refrigerant liquid main and the first refrigerant steam main of the evaporative heat exchanger and the first solenoid valve, the b end and the c end of the four-way valve, the gas-liquid separator, and the return air port of the compressor are connected in sequence to form a first heating operation channel.

[0031] Furthermore, the air outlet of the compressor, the a end and the d end of the four-way valve, the k end and the j end of the multi-split indoor unit, the third one-way valve, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, the h end and the g end of the economizer, the first expansion valve, the fourth one-way valve, the first refrigerant liquid main / the second refrigerant liquid main parallel pipeline, the second refrigerant liquid main and the second refrigerant steam main of the air-cooled heat exchanger and the second solenoid valve, the b end and the c end of the four-way valve, the gas-liquid separator, and the return air port of the compressor are connected in sequence to form a second heating operation channel.

[0032] Furthermore, in the first heating operation channel and the second heating operation channel, the outlet of the drying filter, the second expansion valve, the e end and the f end of the economizer, the third solenoid valve, and the enthalpy increase port of the compressor are connected in sequence to form an auxiliary enthalpy increase circuit; the internal channel between the e end and the f end of the economizer exchanges heat with the internal channel between the h end and the g end.

[0033] Furthermore, the unit also includes a casing, a vent is provided on the top of the casing; a fan is provided in the vent; the evaporative heat exchanger and the cooling filler layer are arranged in sequence below the fan; the air-cooled heat exchanger is arranged on the outside of the evaporative heat exchanger; the water tank is arranged below the evaporative heat exchanger and the air-cooled heat exchanger, and the casing is further provided with a ventilation grille on the side wall corresponding to the air-cooled heat exchanger; a water baffle is further provided between the fan and the evaporative heat exchanger; an equipment room is further provided in the casing below the water tank; the refrigerant running assembly is installed in the equipment room, and the equipment room is further provided with an electric control box for controlling the fan, water pump, compressor, four-way valve, first solenoid valve, second solenoid valve and third solenoid valve.

[0034] Furthermore, the unit does not include a multi-split indoor unit, and the unit is connected to the indoor heat exchanger; the indoor heat exchanger includes an outdoor heat exchange part and an indoor heat exchange part; the outdoor heat exchange part is connected to the indoor heat exchange part through a refrigerant channel; the outdoor heat exchange part also includes a refrigerant heat exchange channel for exchanging heat with the refrigerant channel; the refrigerant heat exchange channel has an m end and an n end, and the m end and the n end respectively replace the j end and the k end of the multi-split indoor unit to be connected to the refrigerant operation assembly; the outdoor heat exchange part is arranged in the equipment room inside the unit.

[0035] Advantages of the present invention: the self-spraying water curtain evaporative heat exchanger and heat pump module unit of the present invention adopt the design of evaporative heat exchanger, which has high heat exchange efficiency, saves water, and is easy to maintain; the heat pump module unit adopts the design of air-cooled heat exchanger and evaporative heat exchanger in parallel, which can not only cool by air and water, but also heat by air and industrial waste heat wastewater; the single unit is small in size, easy to transport and install, and the parallel modular installation of multiple units can replace traditional large-scale water-cooled chillers, thereby improving the operating stability of the entire air-conditioning system; the unit can be directly installed on the roof of the building without the need for a dedicated machine room, reducing the construction volume of the installation project and reducing the construction difficulty; the noise generated by the whole unit can be controlled below 65Pb, and there is no need for additional noise reduction treatment of the unit, thereby reducing the use cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a heat exchange unit on the uppermost side of a heat exchange plate of a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative heat exchanger of Example 1;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of two adjacent heat exchange units of a heat exchange plate of a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative heat exchanger according to the first embodiment;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a heat exchange plate of a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative heat exchanger according to Example 1;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger of Example 1;

[0040] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a self-spraying water curtain evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit according to the second embodiment;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a refrigerant operation assembly of a self-spraying water curtain evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit of the second embodiment;

[0042] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a self-spraying water curtain evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit of Example 3;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant operation assembly of a self-spraying water curtain evaporative heat pump module unit of Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] Embodiment 1

[0046] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a self-spraying water curtain evaporative cooling heat exchanger, comprising a plurality of heat exchange plates; the plurality of heat exchange plates are arranged at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the evaporative heat exchange surface; each heat exchange plate comprises at least one heat exchange unit; the heat exchange unit is a plate-like structure formed by a plurality of condensing tube horizontal sections 205 arranged vertically, the two ends of the plurality of condensing tube horizontal sections 205 are connected by a condensing tube bending section 213 to form at least one refrigerant condensation channel, the two sides of the plate-like structure constitute the evaporative heat exchange surface, and there is no gap connection between two adjacent condensing tube horizontal sections 205, so that the evaporative heat exchange surface has continuity and is undulating; a cooling tube 203 is also arranged above the uppermost condensing tube horizontal section 205; a water distribution trough 201 is also arranged between the cooling tube 203 and the uppermost condensing tube horizontal section 205; water distribution microporous plates 202 are arranged on both sides of the water distribution trough 201; the upper end of the water distribution microporous plate 202 is connected to the tube wall of the cooling tube 203, and the lower end is connected to the uppermost The water distribution trough 201 is connected to the wall of the horizontal section 205 of the condensing pipe on the side, so that the water distribution trough 201 is fixed between the cooling pipe 203 and the heat exchange unit in an embedded manner to form an integrated structure; the cooling pipe 203 is provided with multiple rows of water outlet holes 204 connected to the water distribution trough 201, which is used to evenly inject water into the water distribution trough 201; the water distribution trough 201 is used to evenly distribute the water injected from the cooling pipe 203 to the evaporation heat exchange plate surface through the water distribution microporous plate 202 to form a water curtain; the water distribution trough 201 is located in the cooling A bracket 206 is also provided between the cooling tube 203 and the horizontal section 205 of the condenser tube; a water-flying prevention net 214 is also connected to the outer side of the evaporative heat exchange surface. The water-flying prevention net 214 is laid on the surface of the evaporative heat exchange plate and is connected to each horizontal section 205 of the condenser tube. The top of the water-flying prevention net 214 is connected to the tube wall of the uppermost horizontal section 205 of the condenser tube, and the bottom end is connected to the tube wall of the lowermost horizontal section 205 of the condenser tube, so that the water distribution microporous plate 202 and the water-flying prevention net 214 constitute a complete plate surface.

[0047] In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative heat exchanger of the present embodiment, the cooling tube and the adjacent condensing tubes set at a certain distance and the water distribution microporous plate perpendicular to the outer wall of the two adjacent tubes constitute a water distribution trough. After the cooling water is transported to the cooling tube, since the cooling tube is distributed with multiple rows of water outlets, the cooling water is evenly sprayed in the entire water distribution trough. The air pressure in the water distribution trough is equal to the external atmospheric pressure, and the cooling water maintains a balanced pressure state under the dual effects of its own gravity and atmospheric pressure; the cooling water can be evenly distributed on the surface of the evaporative heat exchange plate through the water distribution microporous plate under its own gravity flow, forming a thin layer of water curtain (water curtain) from top to bottom. Due to the surface tension of water, the cooling water adheres to the entire surface of the evaporative heat exchange plate without gaps, continuously, and directly, and the water film is fully extended, thin and uniform, thereby improving the evaporation efficiency; and there will be no free water, which can minimize the phenomenon of flying water and floating water.

[0048] In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger of the present embodiment, the processing method of the water distribution trough is: directly weld a water distribution microporous plate between the arranged cooling outer tube and the condensing tube, and close the two ends of the water distribution trough in the length direction with a sealing plate to form an integrated structure. The water distribution microporous plate has a certain resistance to the flowing water, which can make the water form a certain water level in the water distribution trough. The water distribution microporous plate can also be a screen or a nano-scale mesh, as long as the water distribution trough maintains a certain water level; the material of the water distribution microporous plate can be copper, aluminum, stainless steel, alloy, or other metal materials that are convenient for making meshes or opening holes; the water level in the water distribution trough can be controlled by controlling the water inlet of the cooling tube. On the premise of ensuring sufficient water spraying at the bottom of the heat exchange unit, the cooling water supply is minimized and no surplus is generated, so as to achieve the purpose of precise water distribution.

[0049] In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative heat exchanger of the present embodiment, the anti-flying water net is a millimeter-level metal mesh structure, and is welded and fixed to the horizontal section of the condenser tube in the contacting heat exchange plate surface, forming a plane with the water distribution microporous plate; the anti-flying water net is made of metal material with good thermal conductivity, and is welded and fastened to the condenser tube to form a whole. When the heat of the refrigerant in the tube is transferred to the anti-flying water net, an auxiliary evaporation surface is formed, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation and evaporation of the cooling water; due to the tension of the water film on the surface of the anti-flying water net, the cooling water can be prevented from being taken away by the reverse flow of air, and the waste of cooling water caused by "floating water" and "flying water" can be further avoided; the mesh structure of the anti-flying water net arranged in a matrix can make the water distribution on the heat exchange plate surface more uniform, and can prolong the cooling water retention time, increase the heat exchange amount, and improve the heat exchange efficiency; the criss-crossing mesh structure of the anti-flying water net strengthens the disturbance of the cooling water, improves the microcirculation of the cooling water, and further improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0050] In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger of the present embodiment, the heat exchange unit is formed by folding one or more circular condensing tubes in a Z-shape with equal length and "zero spacing" (forming one or more refrigerant condensation channels); cooling water distribution pipes with the same diameter as the condensing tubes are arranged at the top and middle parts of the heat exchange plate; the cooling tubes and the condensing tubes are kept at a small distance (not higher than the cooling and condensing tube diameters) and fixed by brazing through a bracket. The entire condensing coil and the cooling tube are in the same plane. The adjacent upper and lower condensing tubes and cooling tubes are connected seamlessly by brazing; the advantages of circular tubes with larger heat exchange area, higher heat transfer coefficient, strong pressure resistance, mature product and low price are used as the basic material, and the condensing tubes are folded in a Z-shape into a layered flat plate structure, and the outer wall of the condensing tube constitutes a complete and continuous evaporation surface; the shortcomings of large space occupied due to large spacing between the heat exchange units of the row (row) tubes and coil heat exchangers, serious evaporation surface loss of each heat exchange unit, and reduced effective evaporation surface are avoided. The M-shaped concave-convex alternating curved surface structure (concave-convex arc shape) formed on the outer wall of the condenser tube increases the heat exchange area, avoiding the shortcomings of the tube-and-fin condenser that increases the fins to increase the heat exchange area, resulting in reduced efficiency, severe electrical corrosion, short service life, and scale that is difficult to clean; the plate surface formed by the superposition of circular tubes has a heat exchange area several times larger than that of the straight plate condenser with the same cross-sectional area, and the heat exchange capacity is higher; compared with the straight plate condenser, the double M-shaped concave-convex alternating curved surface can extend the discharge time of the cooling water on the plate surface, and the flow velocity and flow direction of the cooling water between the concave and convex surfaces are constantly changing. The emergence of turbulence has a disturbance effect on the cooling water film, which increases the heat exchange coefficient of the evaporation surface and improves the heat exchange efficiency; the condenser tube adopts an internal threaded round tube, which increases the contact surface between the refrigerant steam and the tube wall, strengthens the thermal conductivity, is conducive to heat conduction, replaces the inner cavity of the straight (flat) plate condenser, and has the characteristics of strong pressure resistance, high heat transfer coefficient, corrosion resistance, simple process and low cost.

[0051] In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative heat exchanger of the present embodiment, a design in which condensing tubes are arranged in a plate-like structure is adopted, which has a compact structure, and the heat exchange area contained in the same volume is several times that of a coil-type heat exchanger. At the same time, a water curtain type water distribution design is adopted, and the water distribution is more uniform, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. In addition, the design of the alternating concave and convex curved surface of the evaporative heat exchange surface further increases the heat exchange efficiency. This makes the volume of the evaporative heat exchanger in the unit smaller under the condition of the same heat exchange capacity, and accordingly greatly reduces the overall volume of the unit, thereby achieving the purpose of miniaturization.

[0052] In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger of this embodiment, a plurality of heat exchange plates are arranged in a spaced manner along a direction perpendicular to the evaporative heat exchange surface, and sufficient gaps are maintained between the heat exchange plates to form channels that are convenient for air circulation and easy for cleaning and maintenance.

[0053] In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger of the present embodiment, the heat exchange plate includes a plurality of the heat exchange units; the plurality of heat exchange units are arranged vertically, and two adjacent heat exchange units are connected by a condenser tube bending section 213, so that their respective refrigerant condensation channels are correspondingly connected; the top of the cooling tube 203 in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side of the two adjacent heat exchange units is connected to the bottom of the condenser tube horizontal section 205 of the lowermost side of the heat exchange unit located on the upper side; the bottom end of the anti-flying water net 214 of each heat exchange unit is replaced by a connection with the pipe wall of the cooling tube 203 of the adjacent heat exchange unit located on the lower side (connection method for multiple heat exchange units); a segmented design of multiple heat exchange units is adopted, and the water distribution trough divides each heat exchange plate into a plurality of independent evaporative cooling heat exchange units, and each heat exchange unit only needs to ensure the minimum water spraying amount of the unit, so that the water film distributed on the surface of the condensation heat exchange plate is thin enough to facilitate the vaporization and evaporation of cooling water. In the traditional straight (flat) plate condenser using a single cooling unit and a single heat exchange plate structure, it is necessary to ensure that there is sufficient cooling water at the very end (bottom end, far end) of the heat exchange plate surface, so the water distribution volume must be increased, resulting in too thick water film at the water outlet end, which reduces the evaporation efficiency; the segmented design of this embodiment can solve the drawbacks of the traditional straight (flat) plate condenser, and also avoids the shortcoming of low effective evaporation area caused by uneven water spraying of the heat exchange unit of the arranged tube and coil condenser. The segmented spray unit design not only maintains the integrity of the water film on the entire surface, but also ensures that each heat exchange unit is sprayed with the least water and the water film is the thinnest.

[0054] In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger of the present embodiment, the connection mode of the cooling pipe 203, the water distribution trough 201, and the water distribution microporous plate 202 between two adjacent heat exchange units can also be replaced as follows: a water distribution trough 201 is arranged above the cooling pipe 203, and water distribution microporous plates 202 are arranged on both sides of the water distribution trough 201, the lower end of the water distribution microporous plate 202 is connected to the tube wall of the cooling pipe 203, and the upper end is connected to the tube wall of the lowest condensing tube horizontal section 205 of the heat exchange unit located on the upper side; the bottom of the cooling pipe 203 is connected to the top of the highest condensing tube horizontal section 205 in the heat exchange unit to which it belongs; correspondingly, in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side, the top end of the anti-flying water net is replaced by being connected to the tube wall of the cooling pipe of the heat exchange unit to which it belongs, and the bottom end is replaced by being connected to the tube wall of the lowest condensing tube horizontal section of the heat exchange unit to which it belongs; this connection mode is selected and used according to actual needs.

[0055] In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger of the present embodiment, in two adjacent heat exchange units, the number of horizontal sections 205 of the condensing tubes in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side is smaller than the number of horizontal sections 205 of the condensing tubes in the heat exchange unit located on the upper side, so as to make the heat exchange area of ​​the evaporative heat exchange surface of the multiple heat exchange units decrease from top to bottom; the number of water outlet holes 204 of the cooling tube 203 in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side is smaller than the number of water outlet holes 204 of the cooling tube 203 located on the upper side (the spacing of the water outlet holes along the length direction of the cooling tube is increased), so as to meet the water distribution demand of the evaporative heat exchange surface of the corresponding heat exchange area; since the refrigerant is The temperature in the media condensation channel is lowered layer by layer from top to bottom. The upper side is a high-temperature area with a large evaporation amount. The area of ​​the evaporation heat exchange surface on the upper side is also set to be larger and provide sufficient water distribution. The lower side is a low-temperature area with a relatively reduced evaporation amount, so it is necessary to reduce the area of ​​the evaporation heat exchange surface and the amount of water distribution accordingly. This decreasing design method can make full use of the advantages of the segmented design, which can ensure sufficient water distribution to the corresponding heat exchange unit and minimize the water distribution of the heat exchange unit, preventing the unvaporized cooling water of the heat exchange unit on the upper side from accumulating in the heat exchange unit on the lower side. It ensures that the water film of each heat exchange unit is uniform and thin, and saves more water.

[0056] Embodiment 2

[0057] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit, which adopts the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2 as described in Example 1, and the top of the refrigerant condensation channel of each heat exchange plate in the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2 is provided with a refrigerant steam inlet and the bottom is provided with a refrigerant liquid outlet; one end of the cooling tube of the heat exchange plate is provided with a cooling water inlet; the refrigerant steam inlets of multiple heat exchange plates are connected to a refrigerant steam collecting pipe 207, the refrigerant liquid outlets of multiple heat exchange plates are connected to a refrigerant liquid collecting pipe 209, and the cooling water inlets of the cooling tubes 203 of multiple heat exchange plates are connected to a cooling collecting pipe 211; the refrigerant steam collecting pipe 207 is also connected to a first refrigerant steam main pipe 208, the refrigerant liquid collecting pipe 209 is also connected to a first refrigerant liquid main pipe 210, and the cooling collecting pipe 211 is also connected to a cooling main pipe 212 (pipeline as shown in FIG. Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown).

[0058] A self-spraying water curtain evaporative heat pump module unit in this embodiment also includes an air-cooled heat exchanger 3 and a refrigerant running assembly 6; the evaporative heat exchanger 2 and the air-cooled heat exchanger 3 are connected in parallel and connected to the refrigerant running assembly 6; the refrigerant running assembly 6 is used to run the refrigerant in the evaporative heat exchanger 2 or the air-cooled heat exchanger 3 for heat exchange; the air-cooled heat exchanger 3 is connected with a second refrigerant steam main pipe 301 and a second refrigerant liquid main pipe 302; the first refrigerant steam main pipe 208 is connected in parallel with the second refrigerant steam main pipe 301 and connected to the refrigerant running assembly 6, and the first refrigerant liquid main pipe 210 is connected in parallel with the second refrigerant liquid main pipe 302 and connected to the refrigerant running assembly 6; the first refrigerant steam main pipe 208 is provided with a first solenoid valve 603, and the second refrigerant steam main pipe 301 is provided with a second solenoid valve 604.

[0059] In a self-spraying water curtain evaporative heat pump module unit of the present embodiment, an evaporative heat exchanger is used as a basis, and an air-cooled heat exchanger is installed in parallel with the evaporative heat exchanger to realize the heat pump heating function of the water-cooled (evaporative cooling) chiller, which changes the current situation of traditional water-cooled chillers that only cool but not heat, and expands the use function of water-cooled chillers.

[0060] In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat pump module unit of the present embodiment, the unit also includes a water tank 5; a water pump 501 is arranged in the water tank 5; the water outlet end of the water pump 501 is connected to the cooling main pipe 212, and is used to send the cooling water in the water tank 5 into the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2 through the cooling main pipe 212; the water tank 5 is also provided with a water replenishment port 502; the bottom of the water tank 5 is also connected to a drain pipe 503; the drain pipe 503 is provided with a drain solenoid valve 504; a cooling filler layer 4 is also provided between the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2 and the water tank 5, which is used to cool the unevaporated water dripping from the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2 and discharge it into the water tank 5.

[0061] In a self-spraying water curtain evaporative heat pump module unit of this embodiment, the refrigerant running assembly 6 includes a compressor 601, a four-way valve 602, a first solenoid valve 603, a second solenoid valve 604, a first check valve 605, a liquid storage tank 606, a drying filter 607, an economizer 608, a first expansion valve 609, a second check valve 610, a gas-liquid separator 611, a third solenoid valve 612, a second expansion valve 613, a third check valve 614, and a fourth check valve 615. 5; the unit also includes a multi-split indoor unit 12 (fluorine machine); the compressor 601 has an air outlet, a return air outlet and an enthalpy increase outlet; the four-way valve 602 has an a terminal, a b terminal, a c terminal and a d terminal; the economizer 608 has an e terminal, an f terminal, a g terminal and an h terminal, the e terminal and the f terminal are connected inside the economizer 608, and the g terminal and the h terminal are connected inside the economizer 608; the multi-split indoor unit 12 has a j terminal and a k terminal, and the j terminal and the k terminal are two ports of the refrigerant channel of the multi-split indoor unit;

[0062] The air outlet of the compressor 601, the a end and the b end of the four-way valve 602, the parallel pipeline of the first refrigerant steam main pipe 208 / the second refrigerant steam main pipe 301, the first refrigerant steam main pipe 208 of the evaporative heat exchanger 2 and the first solenoid valve 603 and the first refrigerant liquid main pipe 210, the first one-way valve 605, the liquid storage tank 606, the drying filter 607, the h end and the g end of the economizer, the first expansion valve 609, the second one-way valve 610, the j end and the k end of the multi-connected indoor unit 12, the d end and the c end of the four-way valve, the gas-liquid separator 611, and the return air port of the compressor 601 are connected to form a first refrigeration operation channel;

[0063] The air outlet of the compressor 601, the a end and the b end of the four-way valve 602, the parallel pipeline of the first refrigerant steam main pipe 208 / the second refrigerant steam main pipe 301, the second refrigerant steam main pipe 301 of the air-cooled heat exchanger 3 and the second solenoid valve 604 and the second refrigerant liquid main pipe 302, the first one-way valve 605, the liquid storage tank 606, the drying filter 607, the h end and the g end of the economizer, the first expansion valve 609, the second one-way valve 610, the j end and the k end of the multi-connected indoor unit 12, the d end and the c end of the four-way valve, the gas-liquid separator 611, and the return air port of the compressor 601 are connected in sequence to form a second refrigeration operation channel;

[0064] The air outlet of the compressor 601, the a end and the d end of the four-way valve 602, the k end and the j end of the multi-connected indoor unit 12, the third one-way valve 614, the liquid storage tank 606, the drying filter 607, the h end and the g end of the economizer, the first expansion valve 609, the fourth one-way valve 615, the first refrigerant liquid main pipe 210 / the second refrigerant liquid main pipe 302 in parallel, the first refrigerant liquid main pipe 210 and the first refrigerant steam main pipe 208 of the evaporative heat exchanger 2 and the first solenoid valve 603, the b end and the c end of the four-way valve 602 / the gas-liquid separator 611, and the return air port of the compressor 601 are connected in sequence to form a first heating operation channel;

[0065] The air outlet of the compressor 601, the a end and the d end of the four-way valve 602, the k end and the j end of the multi-split indoor unit 12, the third one-way valve 614, the liquid storage tank 606, the drying filter 607, the h end and the g end of the economizer, the first expansion valve 609, the fourth one-way valve 615, the first refrigerant liquid main pipe 210 / the second refrigerant liquid main pipe 302 in parallel, the second refrigerant liquid main pipe 302 and the second refrigerant steam main pipe 301 of the air-cooled heat exchanger 3 and the second solenoid valve 604, the b end and the c end of the four-way valve 602, the gas-liquid separator 611, and the return air port of the compressor 601 are connected in sequence to form a second heating operation channel;

[0066] In the first heating operation channel and the second heating operation channel, the outlet of the drying filter 607, the second expansion valve 613, the e end and the f end of the economizer, the third solenoid valve 612, and the enthalpy increase port of the compressor 601 are connected in sequence to form an auxiliary enthalpy increase circuit; the internal channel between the e end and the f end of the economizer exchanges heat with the internal channel between the h end and the g end.

[0067] In a self-spraying water curtain evaporative cooling heat pump module unit of the present embodiment, the unit also includes a casing 1, a vent 11 is provided on the top of the casing 1; a fan 7 is provided in the vent 11; the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2 and the cooling filler layer 4 are arranged in sequence below the fan 7; the air-cooled heat exchanger 3 is arranged on the outside of the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2; the water tank 5 is arranged below the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2 and the air-cooled heat exchanger 3, and the casing 1 is also provided with a ventilation grille 9 on the side wall corresponding to the air-cooled heat exchanger 3; a water baffle 8 is also provided between the fan 7 and the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2; an equipment room is also provided in the casing 1 below the water tank 5; the refrigerant running assembly 6 is installed in the equipment room, and the equipment room is also provided with an electric control box 10 for controlling the fan 7, the water pump 501, the compressor 601, the four-way valve 602, the first solenoid valve 603, the second solenoid valve 604 and the third solenoid valve 612.

[0068] In a self-spraying water curtain evaporative heat pump module unit of the present embodiment, an evaporative heat exchanger is used. Through an integrated, water curtain design, the evaporation amount of cooling water is increased, the circulation amount of cooling water is reduced, and the power consumption of the cooling circulation pump is further reduced. The segmented design and the stepped unit water distribution method make the water distribution more precise, and only a small flow of cooling water circulation is required to meet the cooling function; the embedded hidden water distribution trough realizes water curtain water distribution, and cooperates with the anti-flying water net to minimize the existence of free water and prevent flying water; the cooling water circulation volume is reduced, thereby reducing the fan air volume and wind speed, and is also conducive to avoiding the occurrence of "flying water" and "floating water" phenomena, saving water, and the reduction in the cooling water circulation volume also reduces the volume of the cooling water tank, thereby reducing the volume of the unit; the heat exchange efficiency of the unit is higher and the size is smaller, thereby realizing the miniaturization of the unit.

[0069] In a self-spraying water curtain evaporative heat pump module unit of the present embodiment, the screw or centrifugal compressor is replaced with a scroll compressor or a low-power screw compressor, and the entire refrigerant circulation system of the unit is built into a cooling tower that matches the unit, forming an integrated unit with a highly integrated heat exchange system and cooling system, realizing the miniaturization and modularization of the unit (power consumption 5KW-40KW); after modularization, the floor area of ​​a single unit is 2-3㎡ and the weight is reduced to about 0.5T, which is convenient for the installation and transportation of the unit.

[0070] In a self-spraying water curtain evaporative heat pump module unit of the present embodiment, the integrated unit eliminates the need for laying cooling pipes in traditional chiller projects, reducing the construction volume and lowering the construction difficulty; the head of the built-in cooling water circulation system is close to "0", and the power of the cooling circulation pump is lower; an open heat exchange method is adopted, and the water's own gravity flow is used to exchange heat with the refrigerant, further reducing the power of the circulation pump; and the embedded water curtain water distribution is noiseless. Due to the efficient heat exchange efficiency, the compressor uses a small compressor to reduce the intensity of the noise source, the cooling water circulation volume is reduced to reduce the fan power, and the power of the cooling circulation pump is also effectively reduced, further reducing the noise generated; the overall reduction and improvement of the noise pollution level; the unit noise can be controlled below 65Pb, fully meeting national standards, thereby solving the noise pollution problem.

[0071] In a self-spraying water curtain evaporative heat pump module unit of the present embodiment, heat pump technology is integrated, an air-cooled heat exchanger is added to the evaporative heat exchanger, and through the shared refrigerant circulation and other components, the unit realizes the air-cooled heat pump heating function, achieving the purpose of one machine with two uses.

[0072] In a self-spraying water curtain evaporative heat pump module unit of the present embodiment, the compressor can adopt a scroll compressor or a low-power screw compressor, and the weight of a single unit is reduced to less than 0.5 tons, thereby realizing the miniaturization and modularization of the unit, which can facilitate the installation and transportation of the unit; the small modular unit can be installed on the roof of a building without the need for a dedicated machine room, thereby saving indoor space; multiple small modular units can operate simultaneously and serve as backup for each other, and the repair and maintenance of individual units will not affect the overall operation and use, thereby improving the operating stability of the entire air-conditioning system.

[0073] In a self-spraying water curtain evaporative heat pump module unit of the present embodiment, the working principle of the evaporative heat exchanger in cooperation with other components is as follows: cooling water enters the cooling collection pipe through the cooling main pipe, and is evenly distributed to the cooling pipes of each heat exchange unit; high-temperature refrigerant steam enters the refrigerant steam collection pipe through the refrigerant steam main pipe, and the refrigerant steam is evenly distributed to the heat exchange units of each heat exchange plate through the refrigerant steam collection pipe; when the cooling water is transported to the cooling pipe, since the cooling pipe is distributed with multiple rows of water outlet holes, the cooling water is evenly sprayed in the entire water distribution trough; the air pressure in the water distribution trough is equal to the external atmospheric pressure, and the cooling water maintains a uniform pressure state under the dual effects of its own gravity and atmospheric pressure; the cooling water can be evenly distributed to the evaporative exchange through the water distribution microporous plate under its own gravity flow The hot plate surface is combined with an anti-flying water net to form a thin layer of water curtain (water curtain) from top to bottom; the refrigerant vapor moves layer by layer from top to bottom through the refrigerant condensation channel formed by the folded condenser tube. Due to the presence of low-temperature cooling water on the outer wall of the condenser tube, a large temperature difference is generated between the inside and outside of the refrigerant tube wall. The heat of the refrigerant vapor is rapidly transferred from the high-temperature area inside the tube to the outer wall of the condenser tube in the low-temperature area and is transferred to the cooling water flowing through its surface. The refrigerant releases heat to lower the temperature, and the cooling water absorbs heat to vaporize and evaporate on the surface of the condenser. The saturated steam formed by evaporation is discharged into the atmosphere under the action of the fan; the unevaporated cooling water heats up due to convection heat exchange with the refrigerant vapor in the condenser tube, and drips along both sides of the heat exchange surface through the bottom of the heat exchange surface under its own gravity flow into the cooling filler arranged at the bottom of the evaporative condenser. At this time, the evaporative condenser acts as a water distribution function in the cooling and condensing process of the cooling water. The cooling water dripping along the bottom of the entire evaporative condenser drips evenly to the top of the cooling filler below it. When the cooling water flows downward, it forms a very thin water film on the surface of the cooling filler again. Similarly, under the action of the fan, the cooling water film on the surface of the filler exchanges heat with the ambient air passing over the surface of the filler. The cooling water is cooled down and the air is discharged into the atmosphere through the fan after heating. At this time, the filler serves as a cooling function. The cooled cooling water drips evenly along the horizontal lower surface of the entire cooling filler on the surface of the entire cooling water tank. Under the action of the water pump, the cooling water with a lower temperature moves downward, and then enters the cooling pipes of each heat exchange unit after passing through the cooling main pipe and the cooling collection pipe to enter the next cooling cycle.

[0074] In a self-spraying water curtain evaporative cooling heat pump module unit of this embodiment, there are a cooling mode of an evaporative cooling heat exchanger, a cooling mode of an air-cooled heat exchanger, a defrosting mode of an air-cooled heat exchanger, a heating mode of an air-cooled heat exchanger, and a heating mode of an evaporative cooling heat exchanger. The specific mode flow is as follows:

[0075] 1. Refrigeration mode of evaporative heat exchanger

[0076] In this mode, the water filling port of the water tank is switched to the cooling water interface.

[0077] Refrigerant flow: the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are closed, the first solenoid valve is opened, the a end of the four-way valve is connected to the b end, and the c end is connected to the d end; the compressor is powered on, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor is ejected from the compressor outlet, enters through the a end of the four-way valve and exits through the b end, and then passes through the first solenoid valve and the first refrigerant vapor main pipe into each heat exchange unit of the evaporative heat exchanger. The refrigerant vapor exchanges heat with the water curtain of the evaporative heat exchanger for cooling, and the refrigerant vapor is cooled and liquefied to reduce the temperature. The cooling water exchanges heat with the refrigerant vapor in the evaporative heat exchanger to heat up and vaporize, and part of the cooling water changes from liquid to gas, and is discharged to the outdoor atmosphere through the fan in the form of latent heat of vaporization of water; the condensed liquid of the evaporative heat exchanger is The low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the first refrigerant liquid main pipe and then enters the liquid storage tank through the first one-way valve. The low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant continues to pass through the drying filter and then enters the h end and exits the g end of the economizer. The refrigerant pressure and temperature are reduced by throttling and reducing pressure through the first expansion valve. The throttled low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the j end and exits the k end of the multi-split indoor unit through the second one-way valve and exchanges heat with the indoor air in the refrigerant channel in the multi-split indoor unit. The low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant absorbs heat and vaporizes to become refrigerant vapor. The refrigerant vapor then enters the d end and exits the c end of the four-way valve, enters the return air port of the compressor through the gas-liquid separator, and is compressed to complete a refrigerant circulation process.

[0078] In this mode, the water pump starts first before the compressor, and the fan starts after a set time interval; the cooling water with a lower temperature in the water tank is transported to the cooling pipes of each heat exchange unit of the evaporative heat exchanger through the cooling main pipe and cooling collection pipe under the action of the water pump. After passing through the water distribution troughs of each heat exchange unit, the cooling water is evenly distributed on the surface of each heat exchange plate to form a layer of water film. Since the surface temperature of each heat exchange plate is about 90°C, the cooling water is heated up and evaporates quickly, thereby directly taking away a large amount of heat from the refrigerant. The unvaporized cooling water is heated up by convection heat exchange with each heat exchange plate and then drips to the upper part of the cooling packing layer below. The cooling water forms a thin water film from top to bottom along the surface of the cooling packing layer under the action of gravity. Since the temperature of the cooling water is higher than the ambient temperature, the water vapor on the surface of the water film is in a supersaturated state and forms atomization. The atomized water vapor is discharged under the action of the fan and transferred to the atmosphere in the form of latent heat; the unvaporized higher temperature cooling water conducts convection heat exchange with the cooling packing layer and radiation heat exchange with the air; as the cooling water sinks along the cooling packing layer, the temperature gradually decreases, and finally all the heat is discharged to the atmosphere through the fan; the lower temperature cooling water after cooling drips evenly along the bottom surface of the cooling packing layer to the upper surface of the cooling water tank, completing a water circulation process.

[0079] 2. Refrigeration mode of air-cooled heat exchanger

[0080] Refrigerant flow: the first solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are closed, the second solenoid valve is opened, the a end of the four-way valve is connected to the b end, and the c end is connected to the d end; the compressor is powered on, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor is ejected from the air outlet of the compressor, enters through the a end of the four-way valve and exits through the b end, and enters the air-cooled heat exchanger through the second solenoid valve and the second refrigerant vapor main pipe. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor exchanges heat with the circulating air flowing through the surface of the air-cooled heat exchanger, and the refrigerant vapor is cooled and liquefied to reduce the temperature. After the heat exchange and temperature increase, the hot air is discharged to the outdoor atmosphere through the fan; the condensed low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the second refrigerant liquid main pipe, After passing through the first one-way valve, it enters the liquid storage tank. The low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant continues to pass through the drying filter, and then enters through the h end and exits through the g end of the economizer. After throttling and reducing the pressure of the refrigerant through the first expansion valve, the refrigerant pressure and temperature are reduced. The throttled low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters through the j end and exits through the k end of the multi-split indoor unit through the second one-way valve, and exchanges heat with the indoor air in the refrigerant channel in the multi-split indoor unit. The low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant absorbs heat and vaporizes to become refrigerant vapor. The refrigerant vapor then enters through the d end and exits through the c end of the four-way valve, enters the return air port of the compressor after passing through the gas-liquid separator, and is compressed, completing a refrigerant circulation process.

[0081] In this mode, the water pump is turned off, the fan starts before the compressor, and the evaporative heat exchanger is in standby mode. Due to the action of the fan, the inside of the unit is in a negative pressure state, and the ambient air enters the unit through the ventilation grille to exchange heat with the air-cooled heat exchanger. The refrigerant is cooled, liquefied, and cooled. The air is heated and takes away the heat of the refrigerant, and is discharged through the discharge port and transferred to the atmosphere.

[0082] 3. Defrosting mode of air-cooled heat exchanger

[0083] Refrigerant flow: the first solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are closed, the second solenoid valve is opened, the a end of the four-way valve is connected to the b end, and the c end is connected to the d end; the compressor is powered on, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor is ejected from the air outlet of the compressor, enters through the a end of the four-way valve and exits through the b end, and enters the air-cooled heat exchanger through the second solenoid valve and the second refrigerant vapor main pipe. The refrigerant vapor exchanges heat with the ice (frost) on the surface of the air-cooled heat exchanger, and the refrigerant vapor is cooled and liquefied to reduce the temperature. After the ice (frost) exchanges heat with the refrigerant vapor in the air-cooled heat exchanger and heats up, part of it becomes steam and diffuses into the outdoor atmosphere through the natural flow of air, and most of the ice melts into water and flows back to the cooling water tank. The condensed low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the second refrigerant liquid main pipe and then enters the liquid storage tank after passing through the first one-way valve. The low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant continues to pass through the drying filter and then enters the h end and exits the g end of the economizer. After throttling and reducing pressure, the refrigerant pressure and temperature are reduced by the first expansion valve. The throttled low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the j end and exits the k end of the multi-split indoor unit through the second one-way valve and exchanges heat with the indoor air in the refrigerant channel in the multi-split indoor unit. The low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates into refrigerant. Steam, the refrigerant steam enters through the d end and exits through the c end of the four-way valve, enters the return air port of the compressor after passing through the gas-liquid separator and is compressed to complete a refrigerant circulation process; when the ambient temperature is low, the third solenoid valve opens, and a part of the low-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid after flowing through the drying filter enters through the e end and exits through the f end of the economizer after passing through the second expansion valve. This part of the refrigerant liquid and the refrigerant liquid entering through the h end and exiting through the g end of the economizer absorb heat and heat up to vaporize, and the refrigerant steam returns to the enthalpy increase port of the compressor after passing through the third solenoid valve.

[0084] In this mode, the water pump is turned off, the fan is turned off, and the evaporative heat exchanger is in standby mode.

[0085] 4. Heating mode of air-cooled heat exchanger

[0086] Refrigerant flow: the first solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are closed, the second solenoid valve is opened, the a end of the four-way valve is connected to the d end, and the b end is connected to the c end; the compressor is powered on, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor enters through the a end of the four-way valve and exits through the d end, and then enters through the k end of the multi-split indoor unit and exits through the j end, and exchanges heat with the indoor air in the refrigerant channel in the multi-split indoor unit. After the heat exchange, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant is condensed into a medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant then enters the liquid storage tank after passing through the third one-way valve. The medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid refrigerant continues to pass through the drying filter and is divided into two paths: the first path enters through the h end of the economizer and exits through the g end, and the second path enters through the e end of the economizer and exits through the f end after throttling and reducing the pressure by the second expansion valve; the two refrigerants exchange heat in the economizer; the medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid refrigerant of the first path It is further condensed and cooled in the economizer, and then throttled and decompressed by the first expansion valve to form a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant; the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the air-cooled heat exchanger through the fourth one-way valve and the second refrigerant liquid main pipe, and the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant exchanges heat with the circulating air flowing through the surface of this heat exchanger. The liquid refrigerant heats up and vaporizes to become refrigerant steam, and then passes through the second refrigerant steam main pipe and the second solenoid valve, enters through the b end and exits through the c end of the four-way valve, and then enters the return air port of the compressor through the gas-liquid separator for compression, completing a main circulation process of the refrigerant; the medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid refrigerant of the second path is throttled and decompressed by the second expansion valve, and then further heated and vaporized in the economizer to form medium-temperature and low-pressure steam; the medium-temperature and low-pressure steam returns to the enthalpy increase port of the compressor after passing through the third solenoid valve, completing an auxiliary enthalpy increase cycle.

[0087] In this mode, the water pump is turned off, the fan starts before the compressor, and the evaporative heat exchanger is in standby mode. Due to the action of the fan, the inside of the unit is in a negative pressure state, and the ambient air enters the unit through the ventilation grille to exchange heat with the air-cooled heat exchanger. The refrigerant liquid is vaporized and heated, and the air releases heat to cool down, and is discharged through the exhaust port into the atmosphere, realizing the heat pump heating function of the air-cooled heat exchanger.

[0088] 5. Heating mode of evaporative heat exchanger

[0089] In this mode, the water tank's water filling port is switched to the industrial waste heat wastewater interface.

[0090] Refrigerant flow: the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are closed, the first solenoid valve is opened, the a end of the four-way valve is connected to the d end, and the b end is connected to the c end; the compressor is powered on, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor enters through the a end of the four-way valve and exits through the d end, and then enters through the k end of the multi-split indoor unit and exits through the j end, and exchanges heat with the indoor air in the refrigerant channel in the multi-split indoor unit. After the heat exchange, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant is condensed into a medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant enters the liquid storage tank after passing through the third one-way valve. The medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid refrigerant continues to pass through the drying filter and is divided into two paths: the first path enters through the h end of the economizer and exits through the g end, and the second path enters through the e end of the economizer and exits through the f end after throttling and reducing the pressure through the second expansion valve; the two refrigerants exchange heat in the economizer; the medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid refrigerant of the first path is condensed into a medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid refrigerant after passing through the third one-way valve. The low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant is further condensed and cooled in the economizer, and then throttled and reduced in pressure by the first expansion valve to form a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant; the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the evaporative heat exchanger through the fourth one-way valve and the first refrigerant liquid main pipe. After the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant exchanges heat with the industrial waste heat wastewater flowing through the surface of this heat exchanger, the liquid refrigerant is heated up and vaporized to become refrigerant steam, and then passes through the first refrigerant steam main pipe and the first solenoid valve, enters through the b end and exits through the c end of the four-way valve, and then enters the return air port of the compressor after passing through the gas-liquid separator for compression, completing a main circulation process of the refrigerant; the medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid refrigerant of the second path is further heated up and vaporized in the economizer after throttling and reducing the pressure by the second expansion valve, forming medium-temperature and low-pressure steam; the medium-temperature and low-pressure steam returns to the enthalpy increase port of the compressor after passing through the third solenoid valve, completing an auxiliary enthalpy increase cycle.

[0091] In this mode, the fan is turned off and the water pump starts first before the compressor; industrial waste heat wastewater is evenly distributed on the surface of each heat exchange plate, the liquid refrigerant is vaporized and heated, and the hot water releases heat to cool down, and is discharged through the drain pipe through the drain solenoid valve, realizing the water source heating function.

[0092] Embodiment 3

[0093] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that: the unit does not include the multi-split indoor unit 12, and the unit is connected to the indoor heat exchanger (water machine); the indoor heat exchanger includes an outdoor heat exchange part 13 and an indoor heat exchange part; the outdoor heat exchange part 13 is connected to the indoor heat exchange part through a refrigerant (cooling water) channel; the outdoor heat exchange part 13 also includes a refrigerant heat exchange channel for heat exchange with the refrigerant (cooling water) channel; the refrigerant heat exchange channel has an m end and an n end, and the m end and the n end respectively replace the j end and the k end of the multi-split indoor unit 12 to be connected to the refrigerant operation assembly 6; the outdoor heat exchange part 13 is arranged in the equipment room in the unit.

[0094] In a self-spraying water curtain evaporative heat pump module unit of the present embodiment, during heat exchange, the refrigerant in the refrigerant running assembly enters the refrigerant heat exchange channel of the outdoor heat exchange part and exchanges heat with the refrigerant (cooling water) in its refrigerant channel, and the refrigerant (cooling water) is then transported to the indoor heat exchange part to exchange heat with the indoor air.

[0095] The above embodiments should not limit the present invention in any way, and any technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent conversion shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-spraying water curtain evaporative cooling heat exchanger, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of heat exchange plates; the plurality of heat exchange plates are arranged at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the evaporation heat exchange surface; each heat exchange plate comprises at least one heat exchange unit; the heat exchange unit is a plate-like structure formed by a plurality of horizontal sections of condensing tubes arranged vertically, the two ends of the plurality of horizontal sections of condensing tubes are connected by a bending section of the condensing tube to form at least one refrigerant condensation channel, the two sides of the plate-like structure constitute the evaporation heat exchange surface, and there is no gap connection between two adjacent horizontal sections of condensing tubes, so that the evaporation heat exchange surface has continuity and presents an undulating shape; a cooling tube is also arranged above the uppermost horizontal section of the condensing tube; a water distribution trough is also arranged between the cooling tube and the uppermost horizontal section of the condensing tube; water distribution microporous plates are arranged on both sides of the water distribution trough; the upper end of the water distribution microporous plate is connected to the pipe of the cooling tube The water distribution trough is connected to the wall and the lower end is connected to the tube wall of the uppermost horizontal section of the condenser tube, so that the water distribution trough is fixed between the cooling tube and the heat exchange unit in an embedded manner to form an integrated structure; the cooling tube is provided with multiple rows of water outlet holes connected to the water distribution trough for evenly injecting water into the water distribution trough; the water distribution trough is used to overflow the water injected into the cooling tube through the water distribution microporous plate by the water's own gravity and evenly distribute it on the evaporative heat exchange plate surface to form a water curtain; the outer side of the evaporative heat exchange surface is also connected to an anti-flying water net, the anti-flying water net is laid on the surface of the evaporative heat exchange plate and connected to each horizontal section of the condenser tube, the top of the anti-flying water net is connected to the tube wall of the uppermost horizontal section of the condenser tube, and the bottom end is connected to the tube wall of the lowermost horizontal section of the condenser tube, so that the water distribution microporous plate and the anti-flying water net constitute a complete plate surface.

2. The self-spraying water curtain evaporative cooling heat exchanger according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat exchange plate includes a plurality of the heat exchange units; the plurality of heat exchange units are arranged vertically, and two adjacent heat exchange units are connected by a bent section of a condenser pipe, so that their respective refrigerant condensation channels are correspondingly connected; the top of the cooling pipe in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side of the two adjacent heat exchange units is connected to the bottom of the horizontal section of the condenser pipe at the lower side of the heat exchange unit located on the upper side; the bottom end of the anti-flying water net of each heat exchange unit is replaced by a connection with the pipe wall of the cooling pipe of the adjacent heat exchange unit located on the lower side.

3. The self-spraying water curtain evaporative cooling heat exchanger according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In two adjacent heat exchange units, the number of horizontal sections of the condenser tubes in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side is smaller than the number of horizontal sections of the condenser tubes in the heat exchange unit located on the upper side, so as to make the heat exchange area of ​​the evaporation heat exchange surface of multiple heat exchange units decrease from top to bottom; the number of water outlet holes of the cooling tubes in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side is smaller than the number of water outlet holes of the cooling tubes located on the upper side, so as to meet the water distribution requirements of the evaporation heat exchange surface of the corresponding heat exchange area.

4. The self-spraying water curtain evaporative cooling heat exchanger according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The connection method of the cooling pipe, water distribution trough and water distribution microporous plate between two adjacent heat exchange units is replaced as follows: a water distribution trough is arranged above the cooling pipe, and water distribution microporous plates are arranged on both sides of the water distribution trough, the lower end of the water distribution microporous plate is connected to the tube wall of the cooling pipe, and the upper end is connected to the tube wall of the lowest horizontal section of the condenser tube of the heat exchange unit located on the upper side; the bottom of the cooling pipe is connected to the top of the uppermost horizontal section of the condenser tube in the heat exchange unit to which it belongs; accordingly, in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side, the top end of the anti-flying water net is replaced by being connected to the tube wall of the cooling pipe of the heat exchange unit to which it belongs, and the bottom end is replaced by being connected to the tube wall of the lowest horizontal section of the condenser tube of the heat exchange unit to which it belongs.

5. Heat pump module unit, characterized in that: It includes an evaporative heat exchanger as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the top of the refrigerant condensation channel of each heat exchange plate in the evaporative heat exchanger is provided with a refrigerant steam inlet and the bottom is provided with a refrigerant liquid outlet; one end of the cooling tube of the heat exchange plate is provided with a cooling water inlet; the refrigerant steam inlets of multiple heat exchange plates are connected to a refrigerant steam collecting pipe, the refrigerant liquid outlets of multiple heat exchange plates are connected to a refrigerant liquid collecting pipe, and the cooling water inlets of the cooling tubes of multiple heat exchange plates are connected to a cooling collecting pipe; the refrigerant steam collecting pipe is also connected to a first refrigerant steam main pipe, the refrigerant liquid collecting pipe is also connected to a first refrigerant liquid main pipe, and the cooling collecting pipe is also connected to a cooling main pipe.

6. The heat pump module unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an air-cooled heat exchanger and a refrigerant operation assembly; the evaporative heat exchanger and the air-cooled heat exchanger are connected in parallel to the refrigerant operation assembly; the refrigerant operation assembly is used to operate the refrigerant to exchange heat in the evaporative heat exchanger or the air-cooled heat exchanger; the air-cooled heat exchanger is connected with a second refrigerant steam main pipe and a second refrigerant liquid main pipe; the first refrigerant steam main pipe is connected in parallel with the second refrigerant steam main pipe and is connected to the refrigerant operation assembly, and the first refrigerant liquid main pipe is connected in parallel with the second refrigerant liquid main pipe and is connected to the refrigerant operation assembly; the first refrigerant steam main pipe is provided with a first solenoid valve, and the second refrigerant steam main pipe is provided with a second solenoid valve.

7. The heat pump module unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The unit also includes a water tank; a water pump is arranged in the water tank; the water outlet of the water pump is connected to the cooling main pipe, and is used to send the cooling water in the water tank into the evaporative heat exchanger through the cooling main pipe; the water tank is also provided with a water replenishment port; the bottom of the water tank is also connected to a sewage pipe; the sewage pipe is provided with a sewage solenoid valve; a cooling filler layer is also provided between the evaporative heat exchanger and the water tank, and is used to cool the unevaporated water dripping from the evaporative heat exchanger and then discharge it into the water tank.

8. The heat pump module unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The refrigerant operation assembly includes a compressor, a four-way valve, a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a first non-return valve, a liquid storage tank, a drying filter, an economizer, a first expansion valve, a second non-return valve, a gas-liquid separator, a third solenoid valve, a second expansion valve, a third non-return valve, and a fourth non-return valve; the unit also includes a multi-connected indoor unit; the compressor has an air outlet, an air return port, and an enthalpy increase port; the four-way valve has an a end, a b end, a c end, and a d end; the economizer has an e end, an f end, a g end, and an h end, and the e end is connected to the f end inside the economizer, and the g end is connected to the h end inside the economizer; the multi-connected indoor unit has a j end and a k end, and the j end and the k end are two ports of the refrigerant channel of the multi-connected indoor unit; The air outlet of the compressor, the a end and the b end of the four-way valve, the pipeline of the first refrigerant steam main pipe / the second refrigerant steam main pipe in parallel, the first refrigerant steam main pipe of the evaporative heat exchanger and the first solenoid valve and the first refrigerant liquid main pipe, the first one-way valve, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, the h end and the g end of the economizer, the first expansion valve, the second one-way valve, the j end and the k end of the multi-connected indoor unit, the d end and the c end of the four-way valve, the gas-liquid separator, and the return air port of the compressor are connected to form a first refrigeration operation channel; The air outlet of the compressor, the a end and the b end of the four-way valve, the first refrigerant steam main pipe / the second refrigerant steam main pipe in parallel, the second refrigerant steam main pipe of the air-cooled heat exchanger and the second solenoid valve and the second refrigerant liquid main pipe, the first one-way valve, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, the h end and the g end of the economizer, the first expansion valve, the second one-way valve, the j end and the k end of the multi-split indoor unit, the d end and the c end of the four-way valve, the gas-liquid separator, and the return air port of the compressor are connected in sequence to form a second refrigeration operation channel; The air outlet of the compressor, the a end and the d end of the four-way valve, the k end and the j end of the multi-split indoor unit, the third one-way valve, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, the h end and the g end of the economizer, the first expansion valve, the fourth one-way valve, the first refrigerant liquid main pipe / the second refrigerant liquid main pipe in parallel, the first refrigerant liquid main pipe and the first refrigerant steam main pipe of the evaporative heat exchanger and the first solenoid valve, the b end and the c end of the four-way valve, the gas-liquid separator, and the return air port of the compressor are connected in sequence to form a first heating operation channel; The air outlet of the compressor, the a end and the d end of the four-way valve, the k end and the j end of the multi-split indoor unit, the third one-way valve, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, the h end and the g end of the economizer, the first expansion valve, the fourth one-way valve, the first refrigerant liquid main pipe / the second refrigerant liquid main pipe in parallel, the second refrigerant liquid main pipe and the second refrigerant steam main pipe of the air-cooled heat exchanger and the second solenoid valve, the b end and the c end of the four-way valve, the gas-liquid separator, and the return air port of the compressor are connected in sequence to form a second heating operation channel; In the first heating operation channel and the second heating operation channel, the outlet of the drying filter, the second expansion valve, the e end and the f end of the economizer, the third solenoid valve, and the enthalpy increase port of the compressor are connected in sequence to form an auxiliary enthalpy increase circuit; the internal channel between the e end and the f end of the economizer exchanges heat with the internal channel between the h end and the g end.

9. The heat pump module unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The unit also includes a casing, and a vent is provided on the top of the casing; a fan is provided in the vent; the evaporative heat exchanger and the cooling filler layer are arranged in sequence below the fan; the air-cooled heat exchanger is arranged on the outside of the evaporative heat exchanger; the water tank is arranged below the evaporative heat exchanger and the air-cooled heat exchanger, and the casing is further provided with a ventilation grille on the side wall corresponding to the air-cooled heat exchanger; a water baffle is also provided between the fan and the evaporative heat exchanger; an equipment room is also provided in the casing below the water tank; the refrigerant running assembly is installed in the equipment room, and the equipment room is also provided with an electric control box for controlling the fan, water pump, compressor, four-way valve, first solenoid valve, second solenoid valve and third solenoid valve.

10. The heat pump module unit according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The unit does not include a multi-split indoor unit, and the unit is connected to the indoor heat exchanger; the indoor heat exchanger includes an outdoor heat exchange part and an indoor heat exchange part; the outdoor heat exchange part is connected to the indoor heat exchange part through a refrigerant channel; the outdoor heat exchange part also includes a refrigerant heat exchange channel for exchanging heat with the refrigerant channel; the refrigerant heat exchange channel has an m end and an n end, and the m end and the n end respectively replace the j end and the k end of the multi-split indoor unit and are connected to the refrigerant operation assembly.

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