Airway manipulation tracheal tube

Abstract

The present invention discloses an airway operation tracheal cannula, comprising an outer cannula for inserting into the patient's trachea through the glottis and an inner cannula matched and placed inside the outer cannula for connecting to a respiratory device. The outer cannula is provided with a sealing airbag, an inflation tube and an inflation valve port, the tail of the inner cannula is provided with a breathing connection tube and an operation one-way valve, and the breathing connection tube is provided with a filter membrane sleeve in the inner cannula cavity. The inner and outer cannula are used together to support the patient's breathing, reduce cross infection, perform airway exercises during ventilation, replace the inner cannula when blocked by sputum crust, and reduce the probability of tracheotomy. The invention has a simple structure, strong practicality and high safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a tracheal tube and belongs to the technical field of tracheal tubes. Background Art

[0002] The endotracheal tube has good airway sealing and reliable ventilation effect, and is one of the important airway management tools in general anesthesia.

[0003] However, endotracheal tubes cannot meet surgical needs in many situations, such as:

[0004] 1. During the tracheal foreign body removal operation, ventilation needs to be interrupted during the operation, which often leads to a decrease in the patient's oxygen partial pressure during the operation, and even leads to severe hypoxemia, increasing the patient's surgical risk. Foreign bodies often break when they are removed. At this time, the forceps need to be inserted into the airway multiple times to clamp the foreign body fragments and then withdraw them from the tracheal tube. Repeated interruption of breathing greatly increases the patient's risk of hypoxia. The forceps are inserted and withdrawn from the airway multiple times, which brings great inconvenience to the surgeon, greatly prolongs the operation time, and increases airway damage.

[0005] 2. During interventional surgery for intratracheal tumors, surgical tools such as electrocautery and electrocoagulation need to be inserted through the tracheal tube port. At this time, ventilation is interrupted, which greatly increases the risk of hypoxia for the patient. The intratracheal tumor is large, and it is necessary to break up the tumor multiple times, coagulate and stop bleeding multiple times, and remove tumor fragments multiple times. In addition to the risks in Case 1, surgical tools repeatedly enter and exit the airway, greatly prolonging the coagulation waiting time and increasing bleeding in the airway. The risk of increased bleeding in the airway is extremely high, and it is very easy to form blood clots in the small airways, leading to alveolar closure and even partial atelectasis, which seriously reduces the patient's lung function.

[0006] 3. Clinical anesthesia work is extremely busy. Anesthesia machines are expensive medical instruments. It is basically impossible to disinfect them after a single operation, which greatly increases the risk of cross infection. At present, the clinical use of respiratory filters is connected to the respiratory opening. The relatively bulky breathing brings a greater pulling force to the tracheal tube, increasing the risk of tracheal tube dislocation; at the same time, busy clinical work makes it happen that the respiratory filter is forgotten to use, which greatly increases the risk of cross infection of the respiratory tract.

[0007] 4. When inserting the endotracheal tube, even experienced anesthesiologists may insert the endotracheal tube too deeply, causing the tip of the endotracheal tube to enter a single bronchus, resulting in accidental single-lung ventilation, which brings risks of atelectasis and hypoxemia to patients.

[0008] 5. In critical care wards such as the ICU, patients require long-term respiratory support. After the endotracheal tube has been used for a period of time (about a week), the tube will be partially blocked by sputum crusts formed by the drying of sputum, resulting in severe ventilation problems and extremely difficult sputum suction. Clinically, timely tracheotomy is generally required to solve such problems, which brings risks and harm to patients. Clinically, an airway management tool that can easily change the tube inside the tube and reduce the chance of tracheotomy is needed.

[0009] 6. In critical care wards such as the ICU, patients require long-term respiratory support. They often have severe lung infections and a lot of sputum in the airways, and often require the use of video bronchoscopes to suction sputum in the airways. However, these patients have poor lung function, and even if respiratory support is interrupted for a short period of time, severe hypoxemia will occur. It is urgent to maintain airway tightness and continue respiratory support while performing airway suction.

[0010] An improved tracheal tube is clinically needed to solve the above problems. Surgical tools can be inserted through the tracheal tube port while maintaining airway tightness, and respiratory support can be implemented while performing airway operations to improve surgical safety. When the inner wall of the ventilation tube is blocked, the blockage problem can be easily solved, and the inner cavity of the breathing tube can be kept unobstructed at all times, reducing the risk of tracheotomy. When the tracheal tube is used, the filtering effect can be ensured to avoid forgetting to use the breathing filter. The depth of tracheal tube insertion can be limited to avoid the tracheal tube being inserted too deep or too shallow. Summary of the invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an airway operation tracheal cannula, which can effectively control the depth of tracheal intubation, avoid intubation too deep or too shallow, can be ventilated synchronously during airway surgery, avoid hypoxia, ensure the use of respiratory gas filtration, reduce cross infection, and conveniently solve the blockage problem when the inner wall of the ventilation tube is blocked, keep the inner cavity of the breathing tube unobstructed at any time, and reduce the risk of tracheotomy. It has a compact structure, is easy to use, and has greatly improved safety.

[0012] The airway operation tracheal cannula of the present invention comprises an outer cannula for sealing the trachea and an inner cannula for ventilation. The inner cannula can be matched and sleeved in the outer cannula, and the outer wall of the inner cannula can be in annular sealing contact with the inner wall of the outer cannula.

[0013] The outer wall of the outer sleeve adjacent to the head end is provided with a sealing air bag, and is connected in sequence with an inflation pipe and an inflation valve port for inflating and deflating the sealing air bag.

[0014] The inner sleeve tail end opening is sealed and provided with a ventilation interface for connecting to a breathing circuit interface and an operating one-way valve.

[0015] The airway operation tracheal cannula of the present invention also includes a temporary fixing mechanism arranged at the tail ends of the outer cannula and the inner cannula, which can temporarily lock the outer cannula and the inner cannula that are matched and aligned.

[0016] During ventilation, the gas in the inner cavity of the inner sleeve cannot escape through the operation of the one-way valve; by operating the one-way valve, an operating tool can be inserted into the airway through the inner cavity of the inner sleeve; at the same time, the gas in the inner cavity of the inner sleeve cannot escape through the operation of the one-way valve.

[0017] The inner sleeve includes a front section ventilation tube for inserting into the airway and a middle section ventilation tube located inside and outside the oral cavity when in use, the cross section A of the middle section ventilation tube is larger than the cross section B of the front section ventilation tube, and the difference between the cross sections A and B is greater than 12 mm 2 .

[0018] At the same time, the inner shape of the outer sleeve is similar to the outer shape of the inner sleeve, including a front sealing tube for insertion into the airway and a middle and rear fixing tube located inside and outside the oral cavity and in contact with the lips and teeth when in use.

[0019] After the inner sleeve is positioned and inserted into the inner cavity of the outer sleeve, the outer wall of the front section ventilation pipe and the inner wall of the front section sealing pipe can be in sealing contact; the inner cavity of the middle and rear section fixed pipe is not smaller than the middle and rear section ventilation pipe.

[0020] When the inner sleeve is positioned in the outer sleeve, the front end inner wall of the outer sleeve front section sealing tube and the front end outer wall of the inner sleeve front section ventilation tube are in sealing contact to form a front end sealing contact portion; the middle and rear section inner wall of the outer sleeve front section sealing tube and the middle and rear section outer wall of the inner sleeve front section ventilation tube are separated and sleeved to form a front end separation sleeve portion; the inner wall of the outer sleeve middle and rear section fixing tube and the outer wall of the inner sleeve middle and rear section ventilation tube are separated and sleeved to form a rear end separation sleeve portion.

[0021] A hard spigot is arranged at the tail of the inner sleeve, and one side of the front end of the spigot can be matched and sleeved in the cavity of the tail of the inner sleeve, and one side of the rear end of the spigot is arranged with a ventilation interface and an operating one-way valve.

[0022] The cross-section B of the ventilation pipe at the front section of the inner sleeve is circular, and the cross-section A of the ventilation pipe at the middle and rear section of the inner sleeve is oblate; after the inner sleeve is stretched into a straight line, the central axis of the operating one-way valve is close to or coincides with the central axis of the cross-section B of the front section of the ventilation pipe; at the same time, the ventilation interface is located on the side of the central axis of the cross-section B of the front section of the ventilation pipe.

[0023] The ventilation interface extends in the tail cavity of the inner sleeve and is provided with a mesh support sleeve, and a filter membrane sleeve is arranged outside the mesh support sleeve; the filter membrane sleeve tube mouth and the mesh support sleeve tube mouth are sealed and connected with the ventilation interface extension section.

[0024] The temporary fixing mechanism includes an elastic sleeve arranged at the tail end port of the outer sleeve and a plurality of fixing bosses arranged on the outer surface of the plug-in tube at the tail end port of the inner sleeve; a plurality of fixing holes are arranged at positions corresponding to the fixing bosses of the elastic sleeve; after the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are matched and aligned, the plurality of fixing holes on the elastic sleeve can be matched and sleeved outside the plurality of fixing bosses of the plug-in tube.

[0025] The model of the airway operation tracheal cannula is based on the inner diameter R of the ventilation tube at the front section of the inner cannula, and the length X of the corresponding sealing tube at the front section of the outer cannula is:

[0026] ID4.0 catheter-R is 4.0mm; X is 55mm-75mm;

[0027] ID4.5 catheter-R is 4.5mm; X is 60mm-80mm;

[0028] ID5.0 catheter-R is 5.0mm; X is 65mm-85mm;

[0029] ID5.5 catheter-R is 5.5mm; X is 70mm-90mm;

[0030] ID6.0 catheter-R is 6.0mm; X is 75mm-95mm;

[0031] ID6.5 catheter-R is 6.5mm; X is 75mm-95mm;

[0032] ID7.0 catheter-R is 7.0mm; X is 80mm-100mm;

[0033] ID7.5 catheter-R is 7.5mm; X is 80mm-100mm;

[0034] ID8.0 catheter-R is 8.0mm; X is 85mm-105mm;

[0035] ID8.5 catheter-R is 8.5mm; X is 85mm-105mm;

[0036] ID9.0 catheter-R is 9.0mm; X is 90mm-110mm;

[0037] ID9.5 catheter-R is 9.5mm; X is 90mm-110mm.

[0038] A sputum suction tube is buried in the tube wall of the outer tube, and a plurality of sputum suction ports are arranged on the sputum suction tube 2mm-5mm above the sealing air bag. The sputum suction tube is connected with a sputum suction interface after it exits the tube wall at the tail of the outer tube.

[0039] When the outer sleeve is in use, a slot area is set corresponding to the position of the patient's teeth or gums. The length of the slot area is set to 30mm-50mm. A plurality of slots are provided on the surface of the slot area. The slots are set to be arc-shaped grooves similar to the curvature of the gums. The width of the slot mouth is 5mm-10mm; the depth of the slot is 3mm-5mm.

[0040] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: by setting a more appropriate length setting of the sealing tube at the front section of the outer sleeve, it is possible to avoid inserting the tube too deep or too shallow during intubation; the filter membrane sleeve is integrally arranged with the ventilation catheter, which can avoid the use of a breathing filter; and through the setting of the filter membrane sleeve, the gas entering and leaving the patient's lungs can be reliably filtered, reducing the occurrence of cross infection; an operating one-way valve is arranged at the tail end of the ventilation catheter, and the ventilation sealing effect is not affected when the operating tool is inserted; when performing operations in the airway, reliable ventilation support can be implemented simultaneously to avoid breathing interruption and ensure safety; the structure and weight of the breathing filter are simplified, the pulling force of the breathing filter on the tracheal catheter is reduced, and the risk of accidental dislocation of the ventilation tube during surgery is reduced; when the inner wall of the ventilation catheter is blocked, the inner sleeve can be easily replaced to solve the blockage problem, keep the inner cavity of the breathing tube unobstructed at any time, and reduce the risk of tracheotomy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the inner sleeve structure of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the outer sleeve structure of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the sealing contact between the inner and outer sleeves.

[0045] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an optimization scheme.

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first operating one-way valve of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second operating one-way valve of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of a one-way valve with a hard guide.

[0049] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the first conical inflatable balloon of the present invention.

[0050] Fig.10It is a schematic diagram of the second conical inflatable balloon of the present invention.

[0051] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the umbrella-shaped mesh inflatable bag of the present invention.

[0052] Fig.12 The umbrella-shaped sealing membrane of the present invention is in a sealing use state in a trachea.

[0053] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spigot pipe of the present invention.

[0054] Fig.14 A schematic structural diagram of a filter membrane sleeve disposed in a cavity of the present invention.

[0055] Fig.15 for Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure in which a mesh support sleeve is arranged inside a filter membrane sleeve.

[0056] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of an optimized embodiment of the inner sleeve of the present invention.

[0057] Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the locking state of the first embodiment of the temporary fixing mechanism of the present invention.

[0058] Fig.18 This is a schematic diagram of the unlocked state of the first embodiment of the temporary fixing mechanism of the present invention.

[0059] Fig.19 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a supraglottic sputum suction tube.

[0060] Fig. 20 The schematic diagram of the structure of the card slot area is provided in the present invention.

[0061] Description of the accompanying drawings: 1-outer sleeve, 10-sealing airbag, 101-cylindrical inflatable airbag, 102-conical inflatable airbag, 103-umbrella-shaped mesh inflatable airbag, 1030-umbrella-shaped sealing membrane, 1031-inflatable support tube, 11-front sealing tube, 12-middle and rear fixing tube, 13-inflatable tube, 14-inflatable valve port, 15-elastic sleeve, 150-fixing hole, 16-support sleeve, 17-suction tube, 170-suction port, 18-slot area, 180-slot, 2-inner sleeve, 20-ventilation interface, 21-front ventilation tube, 210-sealing head, 211-front sealing contact portion, 212-front separation sleeve portion, 213-placement Inlet guide head, 22-middle and rear section ventilation pipe, 220-rear end separation sleeve, 23-operating one-way valve, 230-annular hole, 231-annular hole soft membrane, 232-sealing cover, 233-duckbill soft membrane, 2331-sleeve membrane, 2332-linear opening, 2333-diaphragm, 234-hard conical guide port, 235-hard duckbill valve support port, 236-assembly hole, 237-fixing column, 3-temporary fixing mechanism, 4-socket tube, 41-fixing boss, 5-filter mesh sleeve, 50-mesh support sleeve, A-middle and rear section ventilation pipe cross section, B-front section ventilation pipe cross section, R-front section ventilation pipe inner cavity diameter, X-front section sealing pipe length. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific drawings and embodiments.

[0063] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the present invention discloses an airway operation tracheal cannula, comprising an outer cannula 1 for sealing the trachea and an inner cannula 2 for ventilation, wherein the inner cannula 2 can be matched and sleeved in the outer cannula 1, and the outer wall of the inner cannula 2 can be in sealing contact with the inner wall of the outer cannula 1; and further comprises a temporary fixing mechanism 3 arranged at the rear ends of the outer cannula 1 and the inner cannula 2, which can temporarily lock the matched outer cannula 1 and the inner cannula 2.

[0064] When in use, the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 are aligned and placed, and the two are temporarily locked by the temporary fixing mechanism 3. The outer wall of the inner sleeve 2 can be in sealing contact with the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1, ensuring that the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 are sealed. If the aligned outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 are placed in the patient's airway for respiratory support, gas will not leak through the gap between the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2.

[0065] In order to ensure the sealing between the outer tube 1 and the trachea during mechanical ventilation, the outer tube 1 is provided with a sealing airbag 10 near the outer wall of the head end, and is connected in sequence to an inflation tube 13 and an inflation valve port 14 for inflating and deflating the sealing airbag 10.

[0066] In this way, when the outer tube 1 and the inner tube 2 of suitable models are used for respiratory support, the sealing airbag 10 on the outer wall of the head end of the outer tube 1 is located in the patient's trachea, and the sealing airbag 10 is inflated through the inflation valve port 14 and the inflation tube 13, so that the sealing airbag 10 is inflated and annularly compresses and contacts the inner wall of the trachea, thereby playing a sealing role, and the ventilation effect can be ensured during respiratory support. This structure is more practical for adult patients and can ensure ventilation sealing.

[0067] Clinically, when patients have poor lung function, they need respiratory support for a long time. They often have respiratory infections and a lot of sputum. Patients often need to be helped to clear sputum. After a period of time (usually one week), sputum will form sputum crust in the lumen of the tracheal tube, partially blocking the lumen of the tube, seriously affecting the effect of respiratory support and causing inconvenience to the later sputum cleaning. At this time, the original tracheal tube needs to be removed and a new one needs to be inserted. It is very risky to replace the tracheal tube for patients with poor lung function.

[0068] Another clinical solution for sputum blockage is to perform a tracheotomy and use a tracheotomy tube for respiratory support. Although tracheotomy solves this problem once and for all, its defects are also very obvious: it is an invasive operation with great surgical risks; the risk of wound infection is high; even if everything goes well, it will leave a scar in the front of the neck. Scarring in the airway in the front of the neck may lead to airway stenosis, which may bring risks or difficulties to tracheal intubation in the future.

[0069] At this time, the advantages of appropriately positioned outer cannula 1 and inner cannula 2 for respiratory support are very obvious. When there is a lot of sputum forming sputum crust on the inner wall of inner cannula 2 and causing blockage, we only need to loosen the temporary fixing mechanism 3, pull out the inner cannula 2, replace the new inner cannula 2 of the same model and re-align it into the original outer cannula 1, and use the temporary fixing mechanism 3 again to temporarily lock the outer cannula 1 and the inner cannula 2. In this way, we do not need to re-intubate and replace the tracheal tube, nor do we need to perform a tracheotomy, avoiding invasive operations and reducing patient costs.

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown, it is an enlarged view of the head end of the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 1. It is worth reminding here that in order to facilitate the alignment of the inner sleeve 2 into the outer sleeve 1, the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 1 do not need to be in full-section sealed contact from beginning to end. It is only necessary to maintain the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 1 The head end is partially sealed contact. Medical catheters are all made of flexible materials. The inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 1 are both flexible materials, which may form a large friction resistance during relative sliding. The inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 1 are slightly loose in the middle and rear sections, which is conducive to reducing the resistance of aligning the inner sleeve 2 into the outer sleeve 1, and facilitating the smooth replacement of the inner sleeve 2. A better solution is as follows Figure 4As shown, the outer diameter of the head end of the inner sleeve 2 is slightly thickened to form a sealing head 210, and the outer wall of the sealing head 210 can be in sealing contact with the inner wall of the head end of the outer sleeve 1 to form a front end sealing contact portion 211, so as to achieve a sealing effect between the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 1. The outer diameter of the other parts of the inner sleeve 2 is slightly thinner than the inner cavity of the outer sleeve 1 at the corresponding part, and a small gap is formed with the inner cavity of the outer sleeve 1, forming a front end separation sleeve portion 212 at the front section of the outer sleeve 1, and a rear end separation sleeve portion 220 at the middle and rear section of the outer sleeve 1. Furthermore, in order to facilitate the insertion of the inner sleeve 2 into the outer sleeve 1, the 0.3mm-0.5cm edge of the head end of the inner sleeve 2 can be set to a thinner outer diameter to form an insertion guide head 213. The insertion guide head 213 has a smaller outer diameter, which is conducive to entering the lumen of the outer sleeve 1, thereby guiding the inner sleeve 2 to be inserted into the outer sleeve 1.

[0071] There is also a more practical solution, such as Figure 5 As shown: the front section of the outer sleeve 1 is set to the head of the opening part with a length of 1cm-2cm, and the inner and outer diameters of the head are slightly reduced, and the inner and outer diameters of other positions outside the opening part of the outer sleeve 1 are slightly increased, and the inner diameter of the opening part is 0.2mm-0.5mm smaller than other parts. When in use, the inner sleeve 2 is set to a tubular structure with uniform inner and outer diameters, and the outer diameter of the front section of the inner sleeve 2 is consistent with the inner diameter of the opening of the outer sleeve 1. In this way, the difficulty of inserting the inner sleeve 2 into the outer sleeve 1 is greatly reduced: when the head end of the inner sleeve 2 has not yet been inserted into the opening of the outer sleeve 1, when the rear end separation sleeve portion 220 and the front end separation sleeve portion 212 are separated, the friction force is greatly reduced, and only when the head end of the inner sleeve 2 is inserted into the thinner inner cavity of the head end of the outer sleeve 1, the resistance is slightly increased. Similarly, the 0.3mm-0.5cm edge of the head end of the inner sleeve 2 can be set to a thinner outer diameter to form an insertion guide head 213. The outer diameter of the insertion guide head 213 is smaller than the thinner lumen of the head end of the outer sleeve 1, which is conducive to entering the lumen of the outer sleeve 1 and can guide the inner sleeve 2 to be inserted into the outer sleeve 1.

[0072] Regardless of the method used, Figure 4 As shown, in order to reduce the difficulty of inserting the inner sleeve 2 into the outer sleeve 1, a super-slip coating can be provided on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 2, or a lubricant can be applied to the outer wall of the inner sleeve 2 before use. Medical lubricants can be selected for lubricants, such as paraffin oil, dilute iodophor, water, etc. In order to avoid the lubricant drying of the double sleeve of the present invention after long-term use of mechanical ventilation, a lubricant injection port 01 is provided on the outer side of the rear section of the outer sleeve 1, and a lubricant injection pipe 011 is connected and provided, and a plurality of lubricant outlet holes 012 are provided at the end of the lubricant injection pipe 011, and the lubricant outlet hole 012 is provided at the lower part of the front end separation sleeve portion 212 formed by the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1 and the outer wall of the inner sleeve 2. When it is necessary to remove the inner sleeve 2 from the outer sleeve 1, the lubricant is injected into the gap between the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 1 through the lubricant injection port 01 through the lubricant injection pipe 011 and the lubricant outlet hole 012, which is conducive to reducing friction resistance and smoothly pulling out the inner sleeve 2 from the outer sleeve 1.

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, the tail end opening of the inner sleeve 2 is sealed with a ventilation interface 20 for connecting the breathing circuit interface and an operating one-way valve 23. In this way, during respiratory support, the inner sleeve 2 can be connected to the breathing circuit through the ventilation interface 20, and respiratory support can be performed by connecting a ventilator or anesthesia machine.

[0074] The function of the one-way valve 23 is that during ventilation, the gas in the inner cavity of the inner sleeve 2 cannot escape through the one-way valve 23. By operating the one-way valve 23, an operating tool can be inserted into the airway through the inner cavity of the inner sleeve 2. At the same time, the gas in the cavity of the inner sleeve 2 cannot escape through the one-way valve 23.

[0075] The purpose is that during ventilation, the gas in the inner cavity of the inner cannula 2 cannot escape through the operation of the one-way valve 23. At the same time, by operating the one-way valve 23, the operating tool can be inserted into the airway through the inner cavity of the inner cannula 2; at the same time, the gas in the inner cavity of the inner cannula 2 cannot escape through the operation of the one-way valve 23. In this way, when it is necessary to perform a surgical operation in the airway, it is only necessary to insert the operating tool (such as a fiberoptic bronchoscope, an electrocoagulation / electrocutting tool, a suction tube, a tracheal support net, etc.) through the inner cannula 2, and the operating tool can reach the trachea through the one-way valve 23 and the inner cannula 2, thereby completing the surgical operation in the airway. At the same time as the surgical operation in the airway, the ventilation interface 20 is connected to a ventilator or an anesthesia machine, and the patient can be supported for breathing through the sealed cavity formed by the inner wall of the inner cannula 2 and the outer wall of the airway operating tool.

[0076] During airway operation, there may be only one or two operating tools to be inserted, but rarely three or more. In order to ensure the airtightness during ventilation, the operating check valve 23 may be set to one or two, so as to meet the need of inserting one or two operating tools into the airway.

[0077] In order to achieve the effect of no air leakage when the one-way valve 23 is operated for ventilation, whether or not an operating tool is inserted, the technical solutions adopted by the one-way valve 23 include but are not limited to the following two solutions:

[0078] Option 1: If Figure 6As shown, the annular hole soft film 231 and the sealing cover 232 are used in combination. The annular hole soft film 231 is made of soft silicone, rubber, latex or other medical materials. The aperture of the annular hole 230 matches the commonly used cavity operation tools (all with circular cross-sections), so that the operation tools can be easily inserted and the resistance is not too large. At the same time, the flexible material film at the edge of the annular hole 230 can fully contact the outer wall of the operation tool, which has a strong sealing effect. The inner diameter of the annular hole 230 is set to 2mm for the best. In order to enhance the ventilation sealing when the operation tool is inserted, the annular hole soft film 231 is set to a tapered structure with a tapered mouth adjacent to the inner cavity side of the inner sleeve 2 for the best. When no airway operation is performed, in order to avoid air leakage through the annular hole 230 during ventilation, a matching sealing cover 232 is set to seal the opening of the one-way valve 23.

[0079] Option 2: If Figure 7 As shown, a ring-shaped soft membrane 231 and a duckbill soft membrane 233 are used in combination. The function of the ring-shaped soft membrane 231 is the same as that of the first scheme, and it can play a sealing role when the airway tool is inserted. The duckbill soft membrane 233 is a sleeve membrane 2331 on the side adjacent to the outside of the inner sleeve 2, which matches the outer sleeve of the inner sleeve 2, and a linear opening 2332 is formed on the side adjacent to the inner cavity of the inner sleeve 2, and the membranes 2333 on both sides of the opening are connected to the sleeve membrane 2331. During mechanical ventilation, when no operating tool is inserted, the pressure in the cavity of the inner sleeve 2 is relatively high, and the diaphragms 2333 on both sides of the linear opening 2332 fit together under the action of pressure, so that the linear opening 2332 is closed, and the gas in the cavity of the inner sleeve 2 cannot escape through the linear opening 2332; when the airway operating tool is inserted, the linear opening 2332 of the duckbill soft membrane 233 opens, and the gas will escape, but at this time, the annular hole soft membrane 231 can play a role in sealing the gap outside the airway operating tool, and the principle is the same as that of scheme one.

[0080] like Figure 8 As shown, in order to prevent the annular hole soft membrane 231 or / and the duckbill soft membrane 233 in the operation check valve 23 from curling in the reverse direction when the airway operation tool is pulled out after the airway operation is completed, a hard conical guide port 234 can be set behind the annular hole soft membrane 231 to support the annular hole soft membrane 231. The hard conical guide port 234 has a similar shape to the annular hole soft membrane 231, and the middle aperture is larger than the annular hole 230, and the optimal diameter is set to 4mm-5mm. Similarly, a hard duckbill valve support port 235 can be set behind the duckbill soft membrane 233. The rear part of the hard duckbill valve support port 235 is cylindrical, and the front part is a wedge-shaped incision. The cut surface of the wedge-shaped incision can support the diaphragm 2333 on both sides of the linear opening 2332.

[0081] In order to ensure the firmness of the annular hole soft membrane 231 and the duckbill soft membrane 233 after assembly and prevent the annular hole soft membrane 231 and the duckbill soft membrane 233 from loosening and falling out, causing foreign matter in the trachea, a number of assembly holes 236 can be matched and set on the annular edge of the annular hole soft membrane 231, the hard duckbill valve support port 235 and the rear end of the duckbill soft membrane 233, and a fixing column 237 can be set at the corresponding hard conical guide port 234 The rear end of the annular edge of the adaptation position, the assembly hole 236 is ringed on the fixing column 237 during assembly.

[0082] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.19 and Fig. 20 As shown, the sealing bag 10 includes a cylindrical inflatable bag 101 , a conical inflatable bag 102 and an umbrella-shaped mesh inflatable bag 103 . Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Fig.19 and Fig. 20 A cylindrical inflatable balloon 101, Fig. 9 , Fig.10 The conical inflatable balloon 102, Fig.11 and Fig.12 It is an umbrella-shaped mesh inflatable bag 103. It is several different embodiments of the sealing bag 10, and the sealing effects are slightly different, but they can all be used in the product of the present invention, and will not be described here. Before use, especially before intubation, in order to facilitate the placement of the front section of the outer tube 1 into the glottis and into the trachea, the sealing bag 10 can be vented through the inflation tube 13 and the inflation valve port 14 with a syringe. After the gas is exhausted, the wall of the sealing bag 10 can be closely attached to the outer wall of the front section of the outer tube 1, reducing the outer diameter of the front section of the outer tube 1 where the sealing bag 10 is set, so that the front section of the outer tube 1 is conveniently placed into the glottis and into the trachea.

[0083] like Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the sealing bag 10 is more special in that it adopts an umbrella-shaped mesh inflatable bag 103 with an umbrella-shaped appearance, including an umbrella-shaped sealing film 1030, in which a plurality of inflatable support tubes 1031 are buried, and the plurality of inflatable support tubes 1031 are interconnected.

[0084] The inflation support tube 1031 is inflated through the inflation valve port 14 and the inflation tube 13. The interconnected inflation support tubes 1031 can rapidly diffuse the gas into each inflation support tube 1031 of the umbrella-shaped sealing membrane 1030, so that the inflation support tube 1031 is swollen. Under the support of the swollen inflation support tube 1031, the umbrella-shaped mesh inflatable bag 103 can be opened into an umbrella shape; when the umbrella-shaped mesh inflatable bag 103 is in the trachea, the edge of the umbrella mouth of the umbrella-shaped mesh inflatable bag 103 can contact the inner wall of the trachea. The inflatable bag with an umbrella-shaped shape can play a role similar to that of a conical funnel, sealing the gap between the inner wall of the trachea and the outer side of the front section of the outer sleeve 1, and maintaining the sealing during ventilation. The key to its sealing lies in the uniformity of the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped shape of the umbrella-shaped mesh inflatable bag 103 in contact with the inner wall of the trachea. In order to improve the uniformity of the contact between the edge of the umbrella-shaped mesh inflatable bag 103 and the inner wall of the trachea, the edge of the umbrella-shaped mesh inflatable bag 103 can be set to a uniform structure, a circle of membrane structure, or a circle of inflatable tube structure. Compared with other types of sealing bags 10, the advantage of the umbrella-shaped mesh inflatable bag 103 is that its sealing performance on the trachea relies on the contact of the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped mesh inflatable bag 103 with the inner wall of the trachea, and the support force for the contact of the edge of the umbrella-shaped mesh inflatable bag 103 with the inner wall of the trachea is provided by a number of inflatable support tubes 1031 set in the umbrella-shaped sealing film 1030. As a flexible pipe, the inflatable support tube 1031 has extremely slight pressure on the inner wall of the trachea, which can avoid the reduction of blood supply to the inner wall of the trachea at the contact site, and avoid various complications caused by it, such as necrosis, ulcer, and even scar formation.

[0085] At the same time, Fig.12 As shown, the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped structure of the umbrella-shaped sealing membrane 1030 is in circular contact with the inner wall of the trachea. When the ventilation airway pressure is high, the airway pressure acts on the inner edge of the umbrella-shaped structure of the umbrella-shaped sealing membrane 1030, so that the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped structure of the umbrella-shaped sealing membrane 1030 is more closely attached to the inner wall of the trachea, and the sealing between the outer wall of the front section of the outer sleeve 1 and the inner wall of the trachea is continued to be maintained.

[0086] The higher the airway pressure during ventilation, the greater the pressure acting on the inner edge of the umbrella-shaped structure of the umbrella-shaped sealing membrane 1030, and the tighter the contact between the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped structure of the umbrella-shaped sealing membrane 1030 and the inner wall of the trachea; the lower the airway pressure during ventilation, the smaller the pressure acting on the inner edge of the umbrella-shaped structure of the umbrella-shaped sealing membrane 1030, and the contact between the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped structure of the umbrella-shaped sealing membrane 1030 and the inner wall of the trachea is slightly loosened. During ventilation, the pressure of the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped structure of the umbrella-shaped sealing membrane 1030 on the inner wall of the trachea changes with the pressure in the airway, and is basically close to the airway pressure. Even in the state of high ventilation pressure, it can ensure sufficient blood supply to the inner wall of the trachea, avoiding complications caused thereby.

[0087] The sealing performance between the outer wall of the front section of the outer sleeve 1 and the inner wall of the trachea is related to the gas pressure in the inflatable support tube 1031. It is only necessary to fill the inflatable support tube 1031 with a proper amount of gas to expand the inflatable support tube 1031 so that the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped structure of the umbrella-shaped sealing membrane 1030 can contact the inner wall of the trachea. After that, the inflatable support tube 1031 is continuously inflated to increase the pressure in the inflatable support tube 1031. The pressure change of the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped structure of the umbrella-shaped sealing membrane 1030 on the inner wall of the trachea is also very small, and the ventilation sealing performance will not be improved thereby.

[0088] Of course, it should be noted that in order to avoid the inflatable support tube 1031 from being over-expanded after inflation, forming a state similar to the sealed airbag 10, and directly causing pressure on the inner wall of the trachea, the material for making the umbrella-shaped sealing film 1030 is preferably a medical material with high softness but low elastic ductility, such as a thinner PVC film, PU film, etc. More importantly, the inner diameter of the inflatable support tube 1031 is controlled at a relatively small level to avoid the inflatable support tube 1031 from directly contacting the inner wall of the trachea and the outer wall of the outer tube 1 after inflation. Specifically, it is better to control the inner diameter of the inflatable support tube 1031 to about 1mm-2mm. When in use, the gas pressure filled into the inflatable support tube 1031 should not be too large, and it is generally best to control it at 10-15mmHg. In other words, as long as the umbrella-shaped shape of the umbrella-shaped sealing film 1030 can be opened, it is useless to increase the pressure in the inflatable support tube 1031.

[0089] The air in the inflatable support tube 1031 is emptied through the inflatable valve port 14 via the inflatable tube 13, so that the umbrella-shaped mesh inflatable bag 103 collapses. Before the front section of the outer tube 1 is inserted into the glottis and trachea, or before the patient wakes up and the tube is removed after the operation, a syringe is used to empty the air in the inflatable support tube 1031 through the inflatable valve port 14 via the inflatable tube 13, so that the umbrella-shaped mesh inflatable bag 103 collapses fully and is attached to the outside of the front section of the outer tube 1, which is convenient for insertion or removal and reduces friction damage.

[0090] Further, such as Figure 3 As shown, the inner sleeve 2 includes a thinner front section ventilation tube 21 for inserting into the airway and a thicker middle and rear section ventilation tube 22 located inside and outside the oral cavity when in use, the cross section A of the middle and rear section ventilation tube 22 is larger than the cross section B of the front section ventilation tube 21, and the difference between the cross sections A and B is greater than 12 mm 2 At the same time, the inner cavity shape of the outer sleeve 1 is similar to the outer shape of the inner sleeve 2, including a thinner front sealing tube 11 for inserting into the airway and a middle and rear fixing tube 12 located inside and outside the oral cavity and in contact with the lips and teeth when in use.

[0091] After the inner sleeve 2 is inserted into the inner cavity of the outer sleeve 1 , the outer wall of the front ventilation pipe 21 is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the front sealing pipe 11 ; the inner cavity of the middle and rear fixing pipe 12 is not smaller than that of the middle and rear ventilation pipe 22 .

[0092] When in use, the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 are aligned and sleeved, so that the front section ventilation tube 21 corresponds to the front section sealing tube 11, and the middle and rear section ventilation tube 22 corresponds to the middle and rear section fixed tube 12. Among them, the head end opening of the front section ventilation tube 21 needs to be aligned with the head end opening of the front section sealing tube 11; the tail end opening of the middle and rear section ventilation tube 22 needs to be aligned with the tail end opening of the middle and rear section fixed tube 12, and the two are adapted and nested to form a ventilation cavity with the inner sleeve 2 cavity and the outer wall of the outer sleeve 1 as the outer shape. The airway operation tracheal sleeve described in the present invention is formed in a state where the front section is thinner and the middle and rear sections are thicker, the front section can be inserted into the glottis and trachea, and the middle and rear sections cannot be inserted into the glottis and trachea.

[0093] When used specifically, Figure 1 As shown, according to the current practice of tracheal tubes, the model of the airway operation tracheal cannula is based on the inner cavity diameter R of the front section of the ventilation tube 21 of the inner cannula 2. This is consistent with the existing tracheal tube model standards, which is beneficial for anesthesiologists to select the model of the airway operation tracheal cannula described in the present invention during clinical use, without changing the existing usage habits. Corresponding to the different thicknesses of the airway operation tracheal cannula described in the present invention, the height and body shape of the corresponding users are also different, and the distance from their glottis to the tracheal carina is also different. In order to ensure that each airway operation tracheal cannula of different thicknesses described in the present invention is inserted into the patient's glottis depth when used, it is avoided that it is inserted too deep during use to cause single lung ventilation, or inserted too shallowly and falls out during surgery.

[0094] Due to process limitations, the tracheal tube model for airway operation is limited to ID4.0 (tracheal tube model standard, with the ventilation cavity diameter in millimeters as the standard); due to the limitation of the human body shape on the inner diameter of the trachea, the maximum limit is 9.5.

[0095] Specifically, the tracheal cannula for airway operation of the present invention refers to the relevant data of human anatomy, and different models are based on the inner diameter R of the front ventilation tube 21 as the standard, and the length X of the front sealing tube 11 (that is, the length of the front sealing tube 11 when it is straightened) is:

[0096] ID4.0 catheter-R is 4.0mm; X is 55mm-75mm;

[0097] ID4.5 catheter-R is 4.5mm; X is 60mm-80mm;

[0098] ID5.0 catheter-R is 5.0mm; X is 65mm-85mm;

[0099] ID5.5 catheter-R is 5.5mm; X is 70mm-90mm;

[0100] ID6.0 catheter-R is 6.0mm; X is 75mm-95mm;

[0101] ID6.5 catheter-R is 6.5mm; X is 75mm-95mm;

[0102] ID7.0 catheter-R is 7.0mm; X is 80mm-100mm;

[0103] ID7.5 catheter-R is 7.5mm; X is 80mm-100mm;

[0104] ID8.0 catheter-R is 8.0mm; X is 85mm-105mm;

[0105] ID8.5 catheter-R is 8.5mm; X is 85mm-105mm;

[0106] ID9.0 catheter-R is 9.0mm; X is 90mm-110mm;

[0107] ID9.5 catheter-R is 9.5mm; X is 90mm-110mm.

[0108] In order to further improve the convenience of airway operation tools during insertion and operation, such as Fig.13 As described, a hard spigot 4 can be set at the tail opening of the middle and rear section ventilation tube 22, and one side of the front end of the spigot 4 can be matched and sleeved in the tail cavity of the middle and rear section ventilation tube 22, and a ventilation interface 20 and an operating one-way valve 23 are set on one side of the rear end of the spigot 4. In this way, the operating one-way valve 23 and the ventilation interface 20 are consistent with the direction of the inner cavity of the middle and rear section ventilation tube 22, and when the airway operation tool is inserted, it is smoother and the operation is more convenient. When the ventilation interface 20 is connected to the respiratory equipment, it is also more in line with the usage habits of clinical anesthesiologists. At the same time, the operating one-way valve 23 and the ventilation interface 20 with the same direction make the structure of the spigot 4 more concise, which is conducive to mass production and reduces mold costs and assembly costs. The thicker inner cavity of the middle and rear section ventilation tube 22 is more conducive to the insertion and application of the spigot 4.

[0109] like Fig.14 As shown, the ventilation interface 20 extends in the tail cavity of the inner sleeve 2 and is provided with a filter membrane sleeve 5; the tube mouth of the filter membrane sleeve 5 is sealed and connected to the extension section of the ventilation interface 20.

[0110] The mouth of the filter membrane sleeve 5 is sealed and connected to the extension section of the ventilation interface 20, and the other end is a blind end, forming a bag-like structure with the ventilation interface 20 as an opening with the ventilation interface 20. During mechanical ventilation, during the inhalation phase, the gas first passes through the ventilation interface 20, then enters the filter membrane sleeve 5 for filtration, and then enters the patient's airway and lungs after filtration. During the expiratory phase, the patient's lung exhaled gas is first filtered by the filter membrane sleeve 5, and then enters the breathing circuit through the ventilation interface 20. In this way, the gas entering and leaving the patient's lungs is filtered, which can effectively avoid cross infection caused by mechanical ventilation.

[0111] In current clinical work, anesthesia machines and ventilators should be disinfected before use. In ICU, respiratory department, cardiology department and other departments, each patient has a long respiratory support time and the frequency of ventilator use is low, so disinfection can be done for each patient. However, in all anesthesia departments across the country, clinical anesthesia work is extremely busy and the frequency of use of anesthesia machines is extremely high. It is impossible to disinfect one person at a time or one day (the sales volume of anesthesia machine disinfection machines and anesthesia machine disinfection machines are seriously mismatched). Even if a disinfection machine is used to disinfect the anesthesia machine, the carbon dioxide absorbent tank must be removed and the carbon dioxide absorbent must be poured out during disinfection, resulting in waste. Under current working conditions, it is very easy to cause cross-infection of the anesthesia machine through the respiratory tract, but there is a lack of corresponding research and proof. In order to reduce cross-infection, the current method is to use an artificial nose in the respiratory circuit, and filter paper is installed in the artificial nose. The filtration area of ​​the artificial nose is small. In order to reduce respiratory resistance, the pore size of the filter membrane used is 5nm, and the filtration effect is slightly insufficient. In clinical work, it is often the case that the artificial nose is forgotten to be used. In fact, some hospitals deliberately use artificial noses repeatedly in order to reduce costs.

[0112] Use Fig.14 The filter membrane sleeve 5 shown has an increased length, and the filter membrane can be folded back and forth, and the effective filtering area is greatly increased. Under the condition of maintaining a breathing resistance equivalent to that of the existing artificial nose, a filter membrane with a finer filter aperture can be used, thereby providing a more reliable filtering effect. The filter membrane sleeve 5 is arranged in the cavity of the middle and rear sections of the ventilation tube 22, and is arranged as a whole with this product, which can completely avoid the forgotten use of the artificial nose, and also reduce the clinical workload of taking the artificial nose separately, unpacking, and connecting the artificial nose. Clinical artificial noses are large in size and weight, and form a large pulling force on the tracheal tube, which sometimes causes the tracheal tube to fall out or the respiratory tube connection port to be disconnected. The design of the filter membrane sleeve 5 placed in the cavity of the middle and rear sections of the ventilation tube 22 completely avoids the occurrence of such risks.

[0113] Further, such as Fig.15As shown, the ventilation interface 20 is connected to a mesh support sleeve 50 in the extended section of the middle and rear section ventilation pipe 22, and the filter membrane sleeve 5 is sleeved on the outside of the mesh support sleeve 50. The filter membrane sleeve 5 itself is made of flexible material. When the positive pressure gas enters the ventilation interface 20 and enters the middle and rear section ventilation pipe 22 cavity through the filter membrane sleeve 5, the filter membrane sleeve 5 tends to open under the positive pressure inside the filter membrane sleeve 5 sleeve, and the ventilation resistance can be maintained at a normal level. When the gas enters the filter membrane sleeve 5 through the cavity of the middle and rear section ventilation pipe 22, the filter membrane sleeve 5 tends to close under the positive pressure outside the filter membrane sleeve 5 sleeve, and the ventilation cavity in the filter membrane sleeve 5 is reduced, which may lead to an increase in breathing resistance. This is more serious in elderly patients with greater airway resistance, especially asthma patients. A mesh support sleeve 50 is sleeved in the inner cavity of the filter membrane sleeve 5, and the mesh support sleeve 50 can support the filter membrane sleeve 5, so as to avoid excessive closure of the filter membrane sleeve 5 when the gas enters the filter membrane sleeve 5 through the cavity of the middle and rear section ventilation pipe 22, thereby avoiding the increase of breathing resistance caused by the closure, and ensuring that the airway is unobstructed when the gas in the lungs is exhaled. The mesh support sleeve 50 is made of a material with a higher hardness than the filter membrane sleeve 5, and has a mesh sleeve structure, which can ensure the effective area and ventilation area of ​​the filter membrane sleeve 5 for gas filtration.

[0114] like Fig.16 As shown, in order to improve the convenience of inserting the airway operation tool into the inner sleeve 2 through the one-way valve 23 during airway operation, and to avoid the airway operation tool being blocked by the filter membrane sleeve 5 in the inner sleeve 2 when the airway operation tool is inserted into the inner sleeve 2 through the one-way valve 23. The cross section B of the front section of the ventilation pipe 21 of the inner sleeve 2 is circular, and the cross section A of the middle and rear section of the ventilation pipe 22 of the inner sleeve 2 is oblate; after the inner sleeve 2 is stretched into a straight line, the central axis of the operation one-way valve 23 is close to or coincides with the central axis of the cross section B of the front section of the ventilation pipe 21; at the same time, the ventilation interface 20 is located on the side of the central axis of the cross section B of the front section of the ventilation pipe 21. At the same time, the inner cavity and shape of the outer sleeve 1 match those of the inner sleeve 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0115] The cross-section B of the front section of the ventilation tube 21 of the inner sleeve 2 is circular, and the cross-section of the front section of the sealing tube 11 of the outer sleeve 1 matching the inner sleeve 2 is also circular. The cross-section of the outer wall is also circular, which conforms to the usage habits of clinical doctors. The product may rotate when inserted into the glottis and airway, and the circular shape can reduce the friction damage caused thereby.

[0116] The cross section A of the middle and rear section vent pipe 22 of the inner sleeve 2 is oval, and the short diameter of the oval is consistent with the circular cross section of the front section vent pipe 21 of the inner sleeve 2, which can provide a more suitable space for the mesh support sleeve 50 and the filter membrane sleeve 5. Specifically, after the front section vent pipe 21 and the middle and rear section vent pipe 22 of the inner sleeve 2 are stretched into a straight line, the central axis of the operating one-way valve 23 is close to or coincides with the central axis of the front section vent pipe 21. In this way, when the airway tool is inserted through the operating one-way valve 23, the contact area of ​​the airway tool with the middle and rear section vent pipe 22 and the front section vent pipe 21 can be minimized, and the curvature of the airway tool during insertion can be minimized, thereby minimizing the resistance during insertion of the airway tool. In order to further reduce the resistance during insertion of the airway tool, the inner walls of the middle and rear section vent pipe 22 and the front section vent pipe 21 can be treated with super-slip treatment.

[0117] The ventilation interface 20 is arranged on the side of the central axis of the front sealing tube 11, which can avoid the path of the airway tool when it is inserted, and provide the best channel for the insertion of the airway operation tool. At the same time, the mesh support sleeve 50 and the filter membrane sleeve 5 connected to the ventilation interface 20 are also located on the side of the central axis of the front sealing tube 11 to avoid obstruction to the airway operation tool when it is inserted. At the same time, during ventilation, the gas passes through the side wall of the filter membrane sleeve 5 without being affected, and the ventilation resistance is basically the same.

[0118] like Figure 1 , Fig.17 and Fig.18 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the temporary fixing mechanism 3 of the airway operation tracheal cannula of the present invention. The temporary fixing mechanism 3 includes an elastic sleeve 15 arranged at the tail end of the outer sleeve 1 and a plurality of fixing bosses 41 arranged on the outer surface of the plug tube 4 at the tail end of the inner sleeve 2; the elastic sleeve 15 is provided with a plurality of fixing holes 150 at positions corresponding to the fixing bosses 41. After the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 are matched and aligned, the plurality of fixing holes 150 on the elastic sleeve 15 can be matched and looped outside the plurality of fixing bosses 41 of the plug tube 4.

[0119] The tail end of the outer sleeve 1 is provided with an elastic sleeve 15 made of a medical material with good elasticity, and materials such as latex and silicone can be selected. The tail end of the inner sleeve 2 is preferably made of a hard medical material, such as PVC, ABS, etc. When in use, the inner sleeve 2 is placed in the cavity of the outer sleeve 1 and is matched with the outer sleeve 1. At this time, the inner sleeve 2 is flush with the opening of the head end of the outer sleeve 1, and the part where the elastic sleeve 15 is provided with a plurality of fixing holes 150 is flush with the part where the plug tube 4 is provided with a plurality of fixing protrusions 41, and the plurality of fixing holes 150 are aligned one by one with the plurality of fixing protrusions 41, and can be matched and sleeved outside the corresponding fixing protrusions 41.

[0120] Further, such as Fig.18As shown, in order to facilitate the placement of the inner sleeve 2 into the outer sleeve 1, or to facilitate the removal of the inner sleeve 2 from the outer sleeve 1, a support sleeve 16 can be provided on the side of the elastic sleeve 15 away from the tail opening of the outer sleeve 1, and the inner cavity of the support sleeve 16 matches the shape of the middle and rear section fixing tube 12 of the outer sleeve 1, and the support sleeve 16 is fixedly provided at the position of the middle and rear section fixing tube 12 adjacent to the elastic sleeve 15. When the temporary fixing mechanism 3 needs to be released, as shown in FIG. Fig.17 As shown, the inner cavity of the middle and rear section fixing tube 12 can be exposed by simply rolling up the elastic sleeve 15 and sleeved on the supporting sleeve 16 .

[0121] like Fig.17 As shown, when the position of the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 1 needs to be locked, the inner sleeve 2 is first aligned and matched and sleeved in the outer sleeve 1, and then the elastic sleeve 15 is reversed so that the plurality of fixing holes 150 of the elastic sleeve 15 and the plurality of fixing protrusions 41 of the socket tube 4 are aligned one by one and sleeved.

[0122] The airway operation tracheal cannula described in the present invention is mainly used for patients with long-term mechanical respiratory support. The sputum produced in the patient's respiratory tract is mainly divided into two parts. One part is the sputum produced by the trachea and alveoli below the sealing airbag 10, mainly the sputum produced by the alveoli. The sputum can be cleaned by inserting a sputum suction tube into the trachea by operating the one-way valve 23 and the inner cannula 2, or by inserting a fiber bronchoscope to clean the sputum under visualization. However, the sputum produced by the patient's oral cavity and the trachea above the sealing airbag 10 will accumulate in the gap between the outer cannula 1 tube wall above the sealing airbag 10 and the trachea. If it is not cleaned, it will serve as a good culture medium to breed bacterial infection, which is not conducive to the patient's recovery.

[0123] like Figure 5 and Fig.19 As shown, in order to clean the sputum above the sealing airbag 10, a sputum suction tube 17 is buried in the tube wall of the outer sleeve 1, and the sputum suction tube 17 is provided with a plurality of sputum suction ports 170 2mm-5mm above the sealing airbag 10. The sputum suction tube 17 is connected with a sputum suction interface after it exits the tube wall at the tail end of the outer sleeve 1.

[0124] If the patient's head is high and the feet are low, the sputum produced in the oral cavity and the trachea above the glottis will flow to the top of the sealed airbag 10 along the gap between the tube wall of the outer tube 1 and the trachea, and accumulate 2mm-5mm above the sealed airbag 10. A sputum suction tube 17 is buried in the tube wall of the outer tube 1, and the opening of the sputum suction tube 17 is arranged 2mm-5mm above the sealed airbag 10. When the sputum needs to be cleaned, the sputum suction interface connected to the tail of the sputum suction tube 17 is connected to the negative pressure pipeline. If necessary, physiological saline can be injected into the oral cavity, and the dilution effect of physiological saline can be used to rinse the inner wall of the airway between the glottis and the sealed airbag 10. If the patient has a bacterial infection in the upper airway, antibiotics sensitive to bacteria can be used for flushing. When necessary, the sputum accumulated above the sealed airbag 10 can be extracted through the sputum suction tube 17 to reduce sputum contamination and perform bacterial sensitive antibiotic culture experiments.

[0125] During the use of this product, the inner sleeve 2 needs to be replaced frequently. In order to prevent the outer sleeve 1 from falling out of the trachea when replacing the inner sleeve 2, it is necessary to strengthen the fixing effect of the outer sleeve 1. Fig. 20 As shown, when the outer sleeve 1 is used, a slot area 18 is set corresponding to the position of the patient's teeth or gums. The length of the slot area 18 is set to 30mm-50mm. A plurality of slots 180 are provided on the surface of the slot area 18. The slots 180 are set to be arc-shaped grooves similar to the curvature of the gums. The width of the slot 180 is 5mm-10mm; the depth of the slot 180 is 3mm-5mm.

[0126] In order to facilitate the fixation of the airway operation tracheal tube of the present invention at the corner of the mouth, a slot area 18 is set corresponding to the position of the patient's teeth or gums when the outer tube 1 is used. The length of the slot area 18 is preferably set to 30mm-50mm. The slot area 18 is provided with a plurality of slots 180. The width of the slot 180 is 5mm-10mm and the depth of the slot 180 is 3-5mm. In this way, after the product of the present invention is placed in the patient's airway, the patient's teeth or gums can be inserted into the corresponding slots 180 to prevent the airway operation tracheal tube of the present invention from slipping and enhance the fixing effect.

[0127] When the patient has teeth, the top of the corresponding teeth is inserted into the slot 180, and when the patient does not have teeth, the top of the gums is inserted into the slot 180, which can prevent the airway operation tracheal cannula of the present invention from sliding up and down driven by the operating tool during airway operation, and can prevent the outer cannula 1 from sliding out when the inner cannula 2 is replaced; at the same time, it can increase the protection of teeth or gums and reduce damage.

[0128] The slot area 18 can be integrally formed, made of the same material as the outer side wall of the middle and rear section ventilation conduit 2, or made of softer silicone or other materials by secondary injection molding. It can also be made into a sleeve structure matching the shape of the middle and rear section fixed tube 12 of the outer sleeve 1, and bonded to the outer side wall of the middle and rear section fixed tube 12 of the outer sleeve 1 by secondary processing.

[0129] In summary, the airway operation tracheal cannula described in the present invention can avoid too deep or too shallow insertion during intubation by setting a more appropriate length setting of the sealing tube 11 at the front section of the outer sleeve 1; the filter membrane sleeve 5 is integrally arranged with the inner sleeve 2, which simplifies the structure and weight of the respiratory filter and reduces the pulling force of the respiratory filter on the tracheal tube. At the same time, a card groove area 18 is arranged on the surface of the outer sleeve 1 to enhance the fixing effect, thereby reducing the risk of accidental dislocation of the airway operation tracheal cannula during surgery; it can reduce the workload of clinicians; and through the setting of the filter membrane sleeve, the gas entering and leaving the patient's lungs can be reliably filtered. The effect is reduced, and the occurrence of cross infection is reduced; an operating one-way valve 23 is set at the tail end of the inner sleeve 2, and the ventilation sealing effect is not affected when the operating tool is inserted; when operating in the airway, reliable ventilation support can be implemented simultaneously to avoid respiratory interruption and ensure safety; the setting of the sputum suction tube 17 above the sealing airbag 10 can effectively clean the oral cavity and supraglottic tracheal secretions, reduce the accumulation of secretions, and reduce the upper airway infection caused by it; when the inner wall of the inner sleeve 2 is blocked, the inner sleeve 2 is pulled out and replaced, which can conveniently solve the problem of blockage of the ventilation cavity of the inner sleeve 2, keep the inner cavity of the inner sleeve 2 unobstructed at any time, and reduce the risk of tracheotomy. The structure is simple, practical, low cost, safe and reliable, and worthy of promotion.

Claims

1. An airway operation tracheal cannula, characterized in that: It comprises an outer sleeve (1) for sealing a trachea and an inner sleeve (2) for ventilation, wherein the inner sleeve (2) can be fitted in the outer sleeve (1), and the outer wall of the inner sleeve (2) can be in annular sealing contact with the inner wall of the outer sleeve (1); The outer wall of the outer sleeve (1) adjacent to the head end is provided with a sealing airbag (10), and is connected in sequence to an inflation pipe (13) and an inflation valve port (14) for inflating and deflating the sealing airbag (10); The tail end opening of the inner sleeve (2) is sealed and provided with a ventilation interface (20) for connecting to a breathing circuit interface and an operating one-way valve (23); It also includes a temporary fixing mechanism (3) arranged at the rear ends of the outer sleeve (1) and the inner sleeve (2), which can temporarily lock the outer sleeve (1) and the inner sleeve (2) that are matched and aligned; During ventilation, an operating tool can be inserted into the airway through the inner cavity of the inner cannula (2) by operating the one-way valve (23); at the same time, the gas in the cavity of the inner cannula (2) cannot escape through the one-way valve (23); The inner sleeve (2) comprises a front section ventilation tube (21) for insertion into the airway and a middle section ventilation tube (22) located inside and outside the oral cavity when in use, wherein a cross section A of the middle section ventilation tube (22) is larger than a cross section B of the front section ventilation tube (21). The cross section B of the front section of the ventilation pipe (21) of the inner sleeve (2) is circular, and the cross section A of the middle and rear section of the ventilation pipe (22) of the inner sleeve (2) is oval; after the inner sleeve (2) is stretched into a straight line, the central axis of the operating one-way valve (23) is close to or coincides with the central axis of the cross section B of the front section of the ventilation pipe (21); at the same time, the ventilation interface (20) is located to the side of the central axis of the cross section B of the front section of the ventilation pipe (21); A sputum suction tube (17) is embedded in the wall of the outer tube (1).

2. The airway manipulation tracheal cannula according to claim 1, characterized in that: The difference between the cross section A of the middle and rear ventilation pipe (22) and the cross section B of the front ventilation pipe (21) is greater than 12 mm. 2 ; At the same time, the inner cavity shape of the outer sleeve (1) is similar to the outer shape of the inner sleeve (2), including a front sealing tube (11) for inserting into the airway and a middle and rear fixing tube (12) located inside and outside the oral cavity and in contact with the lips and teeth when in use; After the inner sleeve (2) is inserted into the inner cavity of the outer sleeve (1) at the right position, the outer wall of the front section ventilation pipe (21) and the inner wall of the front section sealing pipe (11) can be in sealing contact; the inner cavity of the middle and rear section fixing pipe (12) is not smaller than that of the middle and rear section ventilation pipe (22).

3. The airway manipulation tracheal cannula according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the inner sleeve (2) is aligned and sleeved in the outer sleeve (1), the front inner wall of the front sealing tube (11) of the outer sleeve (1) and the front outer wall of the front ventilation tube (21) of the inner sleeve (2) are in sealing contact, forming a front sealing contact portion (211); the middle and rear inner wall of the front sealing tube (11) of the outer sleeve (1) and the middle and rear outer wall of the front ventilation tube (21) of the inner sleeve (2) are separated and sleeved, forming a front separation sleeve portion (212); the inner wall of the middle and rear fixing tube (12) of the outer sleeve (1) and the outer wall of the middle and rear ventilation tube (22) of the inner sleeve (2) are separated and sleeved, forming a rear separation sleeve portion (220).

4. The airway manipulation tracheal cannula according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hard socket tube (4) is arranged at the tail of the inner sleeve (2); a front end of the socket tube (4) can be matched and sleeved in the tail cavity of the inner sleeve (2); a rear end of the socket tube (4) is provided with a ventilation interface (20) and an operating one-way valve (23).

5. The airway manipulation tracheal cannula according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ventilation interface (20) extends in the tail cavity of the inner sleeve (2) and is provided with a mesh support sleeve (50), and a filter membrane sleeve (5) is provided outside the mesh support sleeve (50); the tube mouth of the filter membrane sleeve (5) and the tube mouth of the mesh support sleeve (50) are sealed and connected to the extension section of the ventilation interface (20).

6. The airway manipulation tracheal cannula according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The temporary fixing mechanism (3) comprises an elastic sleeve (15) arranged at the rear end of the outer sleeve (1) and a plurality of fixing bosses (41) arranged on the outer surface of the plug tube (4) at the rear end of the inner sleeve (2); a plurality of fixing holes (150) are arranged at positions corresponding to the fixing bosses (41); after the outer sleeve (1) and the inner sleeve (2) are matched and aligned, the plurality of fixing holes (150) on the elastic sleeve (15) can be matched and looped outside the plurality of fixing bosses (41) of the plug tube (4).

7. The airway manipulation tracheal cannula according to claim 2, characterized in that: The model of the tracheal tube for airway operation is based on the inner diameter R of the front section of the ventilation tube (21) of the inner tube (2), and the corresponding length X of the front section of the sealing tube (11) of the outer tube (1) is respectively: ID4.0 catheter-R is 4.0mm; X is 55mm-75mm; ID4.5 catheter-R is 4.5mm; X is 60mm-80mm; ID5.0 catheter-R is 5.0mm; X is 65mm-85mm; ID5.5 catheter-R is 5.5mm; X is 70mm-90mm; ID6.0 catheter-R is 6.0mm; X is 75mm-95mm; ID6.5 catheter-R is 6.5mm; X is 75mm-95mm; ID7.0 catheter-R is 7.0mm; X is 80mm-100mm; ID7.5 catheter-R is 7.5mm; X is 80mm-100mm; ID8.0 catheter-R is 8.0mm; X is 85mm-105mm; ID8.5 catheter-R is 8.5mm; X is 85mm-105mm; ID9.0 catheter-R is 9.0mm; X is 90mm-110mm; ID9.5 catheter-R is 9.5mm; X is 90mm-110mm.

8. The airway manipulation tracheal cannula according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sputum suction tube (17) is provided with a plurality of sputum suction ports (170) at a position 2 mm to 5 mm above the sealing airbag (10), and the sputum suction tube (17) is connected to a sputum suction interface after exiting the tube wall at the tail end of the outer sleeve (1).

9. The airway manipulation tracheal cannula according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the outer sleeve (1) is in use, a slot area (18) is provided corresponding to the position of the patient's teeth or gums. The length of the slot area (18) is set to 30 mm to 50 mm. A plurality of slots (180) are provided on the surface of the slot area (18). The slots (180) are arranged to be arc-shaped grooves similar in curvature to the gums. The width of the slots (180) is 5 mm to 10 mm. The depth of the slots (180) is 3 mm to 5 mm.

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